695:, are the standard of care in acute GvHD and chronic GVHD. The use of these glucocorticoids is designed to suppress the T-cell-mediated immune onslaught on the host tissues; however, in high doses, this immune-suppression raises the risk of infections and cancer relapse. Therefore, it is desirable to taper off the post-transplant high-level steroid doses to lower levels, at which point the appearance of mild GVHD may be welcome, especially in HLA mis-matched patients, as it is typically associated with a graft-versus-tumor effect..While glucocorticoids remain the first line of treatment for acute GVHD, only about 50% of patients respond to treatment, otherwise having steroid-refractory GVHD (SR-GVHD). An increasing number of recent treatment options for SR-GVHD have been investigated, such as extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP), mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs), fecal microbial transplantation (FMT), and the medication Ruxolitinib.
152:
49:
714:. The substances are structurally different but have the same mechanism of action. Cyclosporine binds to the cytosolic protein peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (known as cyclophilin), while tacrolimus binds to the cytosolic protein peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP12. These complexes inhibit calcineurin, block dephosphorylation of the transcription factor NFAT of activated T-cells and its translocation into the nucleus. Standard prophylaxis involves the use of cyclosporine for six months with methotrexate. Cyclosporin levels should be maintained above 200 ng/ml.
73:
381:
621:. These proinflammatory cytokines increase the expression of MHC and adhesion molecules on APCs, thereby increasing the ability of APC to present antigen. The second phase is characterized by the activation of effector cells. Activation of donor T-cells further enhances the expression of MHC and adhesion molecules, chemokines and the expansion of CD8 + and CD4 + T-cells and guest B-cells. In the final phase, these effector cells migrate to target organs and mediate tissue damage, resulting in multiorgan failure.
4684:
4732:
4720:
4708:
4696:
545:. It is associated with higher mortality (80–90%) due to involvement of bone marrow lymphoid tissue, however the clinical manifestations are similar to GVHD resulting from bone marrow transplantation. Transfusion-associated GvHD is rare in modern medicine. It is almost entirely preventable by controlled irradiation of blood products to inactivate the white blood cells (including lymphocytes) within.
5371:
586:(TAMA) can occur in patients with thymoma. In these patients rather than a donor being a source of pathogenic T cells, the patient's own malignant thymus produces self-directed T cells. This is because the malignant thymus is incapable of appropriately educating developing thymocytes to eliminate self-reactive T cells. The result is a disease virtually indistinguishable from GvHD.
569:
experiments of the thymus between different species. Autoimmune disease is a frequent complication after human allogeneic thymus transplantation, found in 42% of subjects over one year post-transplantation. However, this is partially explained by the fact that the indication itself, that is, complete
564:
to recognize self-antigens, and could therefore still mistake own structures in the rest of the body for being non-self. This is a rather indirect GvHD because it is not directly cells in the graft itself that causes it but cells in the graft that make the recipient's T cells act like donor T cells.
612:
Activation of APC occurs in the first stage of GvHD. Prior to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, radiation or chemotherapy results in damage and activation of host tissues, especially intestinal mucosa. This allows the microbial products to enter and stimulate pro-inflammatory cytokines such
285:
Acute GvHD is staged as follows: overall grade (skin-liver-gut) with each organ staged individually from a low of 1 to a high of 4. Patients with grade IV GvHD usually have a poor prognosis. If the GvHD is severe and requires intense immunosuppression involving steroids and additional agents to get
1786:
Bonifazi F, Solano C, Wolschke C, Sessa M, Patriarca F, Zallio F, et al. (February 2019). "Acute GVHD prophylaxis plus ATLG after myeloablative allogeneic haemopoietic peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation from HLA-identical siblings in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in remission:
155:
Micrographs of grades of skin graft-versus-host disease: Ranging from grade I GvHR (with minimal vacuolization in the epidermis) to grade II GvHR (with vacuolization and dyskeratotic bodies) to grade III GvHR (with sub epidermal cleft formation) and finally to grade IV GvHR (with separation of the
107:
of the donor's immune system which remain within the donated tissue (the graft) recognize the recipient (the host) as foreign (non-self). The white blood cells present within the transplanted tissue then attack the recipient's body's cells, which leads to GvHD. This should not be confused with a
266:
The first signs are usually a rash, burning, and redness of the skin on the palms and soles. This can spread over the entire body. Other symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea (watery and sometimes bloody), loss of appetite, jaundice, abdominal pain, and weight loss.
301:
The first symptom of cGvHD is commonly a rash on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet, and the rash can spread and is usually itchy and dry. In severe cases, the skin may blister and peel, like a bad sunburn. A fever may also develop. Other symptoms of chronic GVHD can include:
274:
can result in severe intestinal inflammation, sloughing of the mucosal membrane, severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. This is typically diagnosed via intestinal biopsy. Liver GvHD is measured by the bilirubin level in acute patients. Skin GvHD results in a diffuse
2436:
Morishima Y, Sasazuki T, Inoko H, Juji T, Akaza T, Yamamoto K, et al. (June 2002). "The clinical significance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele compatibility in patients receiving a marrow transplant from serologically HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR matched unrelated donors".
653:
Graft-versus-host disease can largely be avoided by performing a T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplant. However, these types of transplants come at a cost of diminished graft-versus-tumor effect, greater risk of engraftment failure, or cancer relapse, and general
2732:
Wagner JE, Thompson JS, Carter SL, Kernan NA (2005). "Effect of graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis on 3-year disease-free survival in recipients of unrelated donor bone marrow (T-cell
Depletion Trial): a multi-centre, randomised phase II-III trial".
1201:
Ogawa Y, Shimmura S, Dogru M, Tsubota K (November 2010). "Immune processes and pathogenic fibrosis in ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease and clinical manifestations after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation".
286:
under control, the patient may develop severe infections as a result of the immunosuppression and may die of infection. However, a 2016 study found that the prognosis for patients with grade IV GvHD has improved in recent years.
965:"Comparison of the classic Glucksberg criteria and the IBMTR Severity Index for grading acute graft-versus-host disease following HLA-identical sibling stem cell transplantation. International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry"
2704:
Hale G, Waldmann H (May 1994). "Control of graft-versus-host disease and graft rejection by T cell depletion of donor and recipient with
Campath-1 antibodies. Results of matched sibling transplants for malignant diseases".
3623:
254:
form of the disease (aGvHD) is normally observed within the first 10 to 100 days post-transplant, and is a major challenge to transplants owing to associated morbidity and mortality. About one-third to one-half of
803:
or MSC-100-IV. Survival rate was 82% (vs 39% of controls) for those who showed some improvement after one month, and in the long term 72% (vs 18% of controls) for those that showed little effect after one month.
3225:
3210:
112:, which occurs when the immune system of the transplant recipient rejects the transplanted tissue; GvHD occurs when the donor's immune system's white blood cells reject the recipient. The underlying principle (
4201:
1473:
Feito-RodrĂguez M, de Lucas-Laguna R, GĂłmez-Fernández C, Sendagorta-CudĂłs E, Collantes E, Beato MJ, et al. (2013). "Cutaneous graft versus host disease in pediatric multivisceral transplantation".
633:-based tissue typing allows for more precise HLA matching between donors and transplant patients, which has been proven to reduce the incidence and severity of GvHD and to increase long-term survival.
799:
released results of a phase 2 clinical trial on 241 children with acute Graft-versus-host disease, that was not responsive to steroids. The trial was of a mesenchymal stem cell therapy known as
758:
Given the complex systemic condition and immunosuppression of the chronic GVHD patients, non-drug therapies, are a significant advancement, and may be preferred whenever possible. Examples are
2657:"Mesenchymal stromal cells as treatment or prophylaxis for acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease in haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients with a haematological condition"
2594:"A prospective randomized trial comparing cyclosporine/methotrexate and tacrolimus/sirolimus as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation"
636:
The T-cells of umbilical cord blood (UCB) have an inherent immunological immaturity, and the use of UCB stem cells in unrelated donor transplants has a reduced incidence and severity of GvHD.
454:(HLA). However, graft-versus-host disease can occur even when HLA-identical siblings are the donors. HLA-identical siblings or HLA-identical unrelated donors often have genetically different
5401:
372:
associated with graft-versus-host disease may have more aggressive behavior with poorer prognosis, when compared to oral cancer in non-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients.
298:
form of graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) normally begins 90 to 600 days post-transplant. The appearance of moderate to severe cases of cGVHD adversely influences long-term survival.
1028:"National Institutes of Health consensus development project on criteria for clinical trials in chronic graft-versus-host disease: I. Diagnosis and staging working group report"
4770:
2887:
Liu J, Farmer JD, Lane WS, Friedman J, Weissman I, Schreiber SL (August 1991). "Calcineurin is a common target of cyclophilin-cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 complexes".
4062:
143:
reduction system. In contrast to organ/tissue transplant associated GvHD, the incidence of TA-GvHD is increased with HLA matching (first-degree or close relatives).
2778:"Intraoral psoralen ultraviolet A irradiation (PUVA) treatment of refractory oral chronic graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic stem cell transplantation"
3738:
1334:
2989:
2268:
Wadhera A, Maverakis E, Mitsiades N, Lara PN, Fung MA, Lynch PJ (October 2007). "Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity: a graft-versus-host-like disease".
781:
There are a large number of clinical trials either ongoing or recently completed in the investigation of graft-versus-host disease treatment and prevention.
650:
are common drugs used for GvHD prophylaxis. Further research is necessary to evaluate whether mesenchymal stromal cells can also be used for the prophylaxis.
484:
While donor T-cells are undesirable as effector cells of graft-versus-host disease, they are valuable for engraftment by preventing the recipient's residual
5406:
3134:
5249:
1723:
521:
128:
2003:"Differential effects of donor T-cell cytokines on outcome with continuous bortezomib administration after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation"
4763:
3331:
800:
2971:
2655:
Fisher SA, Cutler A, Doree C, Brunskill SJ, Stanworth SJ, Navarrete C, et al. (Cochrane
Haematological Malignancies Group) (January 2019).
508:
bone marrow transplantation involves attempts to separate the undesirable graft-vs-host disease aspects of T-cell physiology from the desirable
3974:
2494:
Grewal SS, Barker JN, Davies SM, Wagner JE (June 2003). "Unrelated donor hematopoietic cell transplantation: marrow or umbilical cord blood?".
2207:"Review of 54 patients with complete DiGeorge anomaly enrolled in protocols for thymus transplantation: outcome of 44 consecutive transplants"
4055:
3573:
673:. In a multi-center study, disease-free survival at three years was not different between T cell-depleted and T cell-replete transplants.
211:
in the skin. Chronic graft-versus-host disease also attacks the above organs, but over its long-term course can also cause damage to the
4756:
1433:
583:
2344:
Roncarolo MG, Battaglia M (August 2007). "Regulatory T-cell immunotherapy for tolerance to self antigens and alloantigens in humans".
5332:
5327:
4928:
4048:
788:, its drug for acute graft-versus-host disease in children who have failed to respond to steroid treatment. Prochymal is the first
5283:
3394:
256:
98:
5105:
2956:
2641:
2578:
2480:
2254:
2191:
1840:
1651:
1561:
1187:
1124:
1075:
1012:
410:
and therefore cannot destroy or inactivate the transplanted cells. In particular, it involves an inability of the recipient's
4221:
3113:
2167:
17:
3084:
3066:
4538:
4226:
3836:
3717:
3712:
3324:
4331:
1089:
Morisse-Pradier H, Nove-Josserand R, Philit F, Senechal A, Berger F, Callet-Bauchu E, et al. (February 2016). "".
5396:
5322:
5100:
3381:
3176:
459:
434:
of the transplant recipient after perceiving host tissues as antigenically foreign. The T cells produce an excess of
1522:"Improved Treatment-Related Mortality and Overall Survival of Patients with Grade IV Acute GVHD in the Modern Years"
530:
of un-irradiated blood to immunocompromised recipients. It can also occur in situations in which the blood donor is
5391:
4959:
4324:
3643:
3628:
3359:
463:
5141:
5003:
3757:
561:
5095:
3017:"MASCC/ISOO Clinical Practice Statement: Management of oral manifestations of chronic graft-versus-host-disease"
3762:
3733:
3707:
3317:
4998:
5221:
4351:
3638:
3618:
466:(MHC) molecules to the donor's T-cells, which see these antigens as foreign and so mount an immune response.
187:. Newer research indicates that other graft-versus-host disease target organs include the immune system (the
5278:
4548:
4357:
3676:
3603:
48:
2539:"Hematopoietic engraftment and survival in adult recipients of umbilical-cord blood from unrelated donors"
151:
5180:
4983:
4196:
3681:
3015:
Zadik Y, Raber-Durlacher JE, Epstein JB, Majorana A, Laheij A, Bardellini E, et al. (August 2024).
5361:
5211:
4889:
4662:
3686:
3542:
3464:
2592:
Törlén J, Ringdén O, Garming-Legert K, Ljungman P, Winiarski J, Remes K, et al. (November 2016).
5064:
4700:
4433:
4341:
4246:
4236:
4139:
4029:
3439:
3434:
1434:"Kinetics of bilirubin and liver enzymes is useful for predicting of liver graft-versus-host disease"
825:
28:
171:
In the classical sense, acute graft-versus-host disease is characterized by selective damage to the
72:
5155:
4924:
4910:
4615:
4231:
4216:
4146:
4124:
3633:
3459:
3240:
599:
451:
361:
260:
259:
recipients will develop acute GvHD. It is less common in younger patients and in those with closer
168:
forms, and scored or graded on the basis of the tissue affected and the severity of the reaction.
5028:
4791:
4543:
4134:
3800:
3745:
3496:
3404:
1026:
Filipovich AH, Weisdorf D, Pavletic S, Socie G, Wingard JR, Lee SJ, et al. (December 2005).
539:
365:
1787:
final results of quality of life and long-term outcome analysis of a phase 3 randomised study".
5159:
4630:
4610:
4319:
4176:
4024:
4009:
3750:
3608:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3444:
553:
411:
184:
94:
3930:
3280:
2147:
605:
The efferent phase: activation, proliferation, differentiation and migration of effector cells
4585:
4553:
4478:
4307:
4297:
4014:
3951:
3898:
3862:
3790:
3471:
3449:
3429:
3340:
2635:
2572:
2474:
2248:
1834:
1717:
1645:
1555:
1472:
1181:
1138:
Paczesny S, Braun TM, Levine JE, Hogan J, Crawford J, Coffing B, et al. (January 2010).
1118:
1069:
1027:
1006:
812:
Graft-versus-host disease has been implicated in eliminating several cases of HIV, including
711:
357:
2067:
5317:
5312:
5296:
5206:
5136:
4993:
4905:
4748:
4712:
4580:
3821:
3578:
3454:
3419:
2537:
Laughlin MJ, Barker J, Bambach B, Koc ON, Rizzieri DA, Wagner JE, et al. (June 2001).
1284:"Acute and chronic Graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation"
835:
489:
109:
5024:
2205:
Markert ML, Devlin BH, Alexieff MJ, Li J, McCarthy EA, Gupton SE, et al. (May 2007).
388:
Three criteria, known as the
Billingham criteria, must be met in order for GvHD to occur.
8:
4724:
4667:
4575:
4528:
4402:
4241:
3914:
3409:
3371:
3366:
3354:
3229:
2934:
1616:
Tsukada S, Itonaga H, Taguchi J, Miyoshi T, Hayashida S, Sato S, et al. (2019). "".
566:
5339:
3043:
3016:
2864:
2829:
1860:
Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
963:
Martino R, Romero P, Subirá M, Bellido M, Altés A, Sureda A, et al. (August 1999).
5344:
5226:
5216:
5110:
5036:
5008:
4988:
4825:
4783:
4637:
4590:
4499:
3785:
3234:
3164:
2912:
2807:
2758:
2681:
2656:
2618:
2593:
2519:
2462:
2418:
2369:
2231:
2206:
2185:
2173:
2128:
2079:
2027:
2002:
1978:
1953:
1929:
1904:
1880:
1855:
1822:
1768:
1520:
El-Jawahri A, Li S, Antin JH, Spitzer TR, Armand PA, Koreth J, et al. (May 2016).
1499:
1223:
1164:
1139:
1052:
994:
940:
913:
889:
813:
784:
On 17 May 2012, Osiris
Therapeutics announced that Canadian health regulators approved
759:
509:
400:
279:
235:
165:
66:
2746:
1856:"Immunological considerations for embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cell banking"
1800:
1380:
1363:
380:
234:, and appears in both acute and chronic GvHD. This can result in an inability to have
93:, characterized by inflammation in different organs. GvHD is commonly associated with
5046:
5041:
4841:
4830:
4731:
4688:
4620:
4600:
4494:
4336:
4267:
4019:
3999:
3994:
3893:
3795:
3547:
3251:
3172:
3048:
2950:
2904:
2900:
2869:
2851:
2799:
2750:
2714:
2686:
2623:
2560:
2511:
2454:
2410:
2361:
2326:
2285:
2236:
2177:
2163:
2120:
2071:
2032:
1983:
1934:
1885:
1814:
1760:
1705:
1674:
1633:
1598:
1543:
1491:
1487:
1455:
1385:
1305:
1264:
1215:
1169:
1106:
1057:
986:
945:
894:
876:
830:
789:
571:
527:
431:
407:
212:
120:
61:
2916:
2811:
2762:
2422:
2132:
2099:"Transplantation tolerance and autoimmunity after xenogeneic thymus transplantation"
1969:
1826:
1503:
1227:
998:
5090:
4941:
4936:
4877:
4804:
4779:
4595:
4449:
4166:
3841:
3399:
3038:
3028:
2896:
2859:
2841:
2789:
2742:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2613:
2605:
2550:
2523:
2503:
2466:
2446:
2400:
2373:
2353:
2316:
2277:
2226:
2218:
2155:
2110:
2083:
2063:
2022:
2014:
1973:
1965:
1924:
1916:
1875:
1867:
1804:
1796:
1772:
1750:
1625:
1588:
1533:
1483:
1445:
1375:
1300:
1295:
1283:
1254:
1207:
1159:
1151:
1098:
1047:
1039:
976:
935:
925:
884:
868:
655:
443:
427:
140:
104:
4040:
3291:
1406:
5375:
5231:
5201:
5085:
5013:
4867:
4820:
4736:
4563:
4469:
4418:
4276:
3826:
3666:
3524:
3506:
3424:
3414:
3245:
2609:
2222:
2159:
2018:
1211:
1102:
717:
Other substances that have been studied for GvHD treatment include, for example:
688:
393:
216:
161:
2555:
2538:
2115:
2098:
5115:
5069:
4862:
4392:
4211:
4206:
4072:
3888:
3805:
3598:
3534:
3297:
3033:
2507:
2304:
2281:
1538:
1521:
1259:
1243:"Graft-versus-host disease of the vulva and/or vagina: diagnosis and treatment"
1242:
1155:
1043:
556:
may be said to be able to cause a special type of GvHD because the recipient's
430:, either as contaminants or intentionally introduced into the host, attack the
188:
3294:
3256:
3219:
2450:
2405:
2388:
2321:
1920:
1755:
1738:
744:
to treat chronic GvHD after failure of one or more other systemic treatments.
5385:
5290:
4882:
4647:
4302:
4202:
Eosinophilic, polymorphic, and pruritic eruption associated with radiotherapy
3956:
3946:
3867:
3831:
3661:
3519:
3514:
3476:
3389:
2855:
930:
880:
750:(Niktimvo) was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2024.
614:
485:
132:
1629:
1593:
1576:
5185:
4975:
4857:
4846:
4397:
4312:
4171:
4161:
4103:
4098:
3883:
3857:
3052:
2873:
2803:
2794:
2777:
2754:
2690:
2627:
2564:
2515:
2458:
2414:
2365:
2330:
2289:
2240:
2124:
2036:
1987:
1938:
1889:
1871:
1818:
1764:
1637:
1602:
1547:
1495:
1459:
1389:
1309:
1268:
1219:
1173:
1110:
1088:
1061:
990:
981:
964:
949:
703:
639:
535:
492:). In addition, as bone marrow transplantation is frequently used to treat
113:
3067:"Search of: Graft-versus-host disease - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov"
2908:
2718:
2075:
1709:
1693:
1678:
898:
4872:
4852:
4836:
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1450:
872:
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763:
730:
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369:
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192:
3309:
3202:
1809:
4652:
4605:
4533:
4459:
4376:
4346:
4292:
4151:
2052:"Principles of blood irradiation, dose validation, and quality control"
770:
747:
726:
707:
692:
647:
531:
505:
415:
2846:
2152:
Thymus Gland
Pathology: Clinical, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Features
207:. Biomarkers can be used to identify specific causes of GvHD, such as
4657:
4625:
4156:
3286:
2097:
Xia G, Goebels J, Rutgeerts O, Vandeputte M, Waer M (February 2001).
912:
Ghimire S, Weber D, Mavin E, Wang XN, Dickinson AM, Holler E (2017).
857:"Transfusion associated graft versus host disease and its prevention"
796:
785:
741:
718:
698:
670:
663:
557:
542:
439:
204:
136:
2990:"FDA approves axatilimab-csfr for chronic graft-versus-host disease"
2935:"Graft Versus Host Disease Treatment & Management: Medical Care"
2357:
2051:
1665:
Billingham RE (1966). "The biology of graft-versus-host reactions".
914:"Pathophysiology of GvHD and Other HSCT-Related Major Complications"
577:
330:
Increased levels of liver enzymes in the blood (seen on blood tests)
4506:
4271:
4004:
3691:
3169:
Graft-Vs.-Host
Disease: Immunology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment.
3014:
2591:
497:
447:
435:
276:
271:
231:
160:
In the clinical setting, graft-versus-host disease is divided into
90:
618:
560:
would use the donor thymus cells as models when going through the
4795:
4464:
4251:
455:
2776:
Menillo SA, Goldberg SL, McKiernan P, Pecora AL (October 2001).
2389:"Cellular and molecular mechanisms in graft-versus-host disease"
2302:
1140:"Elafin is a biomarker of graft-versus-host disease of the skin"
5164:
3214:
3135:"Immune war with donor cells after transplant may wipe out HIV"
1694:"Mechanism of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease"
1025:
737:
667:
493:
470:
423:
396:
graft is administered, with viable and functional immune cells.
223:
208:
196:
180:
2775:
2146:
Markert ML, Devlin BH, McCarthy EA, Chinn IK, Hale LP (2008).
5131:
4799:
2303:
Nassereddine S, Rafei H, Elbahesh E, Tabbara I (April 2017).
2267:
2096:
2001:
Sun K, Li M, Sayers TJ, Welniak LA, Murphy WJ (August 2008).
1958:
Hematology. American
Society of Hematology. Education Program
1431:
1241:
Spiryda LB, Laufer MR, Soiffer RJ, Antin JA (December 2003).
766:
659:
501:
478:
474:
172:
4778:
1945:
1615:
500:, donor T-cells have proven to have a valuable graft-versus-
399:
The recipient is immunologically different from the donor –
5402:
Noninfectious immunodeficiency-related cutaneous conditions
4093:
3671:
3114:"Increased Survival Using MSB Cells In Children With aGVHD"
1785:
1739:"Effect of HLA mismatch on acute graft-versus-host disease"
227:
200:
176:
3085:"World's First Stem-Cell Drug Approval Achieved in Canada"
2731:
2654:
2435:
2145:
1466:
1364:"Acute graft-vs-host disease: pathobiology and management"
962:
1240:
1200:
1082:
630:
2536:
2493:
2150:. In Lavini C, Moran CA, Morandi U, et al. (eds.).
1519:
1515:
1513:
1137:
2204:
1691:
450:
can initiate graft-versus-host disease, among them the
116:) is the same, but the details and course may differ.
56:
Mouse colon impacted by acute graft-versus-host disease
5359:
3183:
2886:
1510:
1361:
911:
3192:
1905:"Banking on iPSC--is it doable and is it worthwhile"
1432:
Krejci M, Kamelander J, Pospisil Z, Mayer J (2012).
1281:
4070:
2972:"FDA expands ibrutinib indications to chronic GVHD"
1954:"Graft versus tumor effects and why people relapse"
1853:
1779:
1574:
1357:
1355:
594:The pathophysiology of GvHD includes three phases:
565:It can be seen as a multiple-organ autoimmunity in
368:in comparison to the classical oral lichen planus.
327:
Pain in the upper right part of the abdomen (belly)
2343:
2198:
2049:
2000:
1609:
1335:"Stem Cell or Bone Marrow Transplant Side Effects"
1282:Funke VA, Moreira MC, Vigorito AC (October 2016).
1131:
699:Steroid-sparing immunosuppression/immunomodulation
2585:
2043:
1902:
1425:
1234:
956:
578:Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity (TAMA)
356:, chronic graft-versus-host disease manifests as
5383:
5250:Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
1951:
1854:Taylor CJ, Bolton EM, Bradley JA (August 2011).
1362:Goker H, Haznedaroglu IC, Chao NJ (March 2001).
1352:
753:
522:Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease
125:Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
2050:Moroff G, Leitman SF, Luban NL (October 1997).
1658:
1275:
1194:
3975:List of organ transplant donors and recipients
3091:. Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP. 12 June 2012
2830:"Recent advances in graft-versus-host disease"
2337:
2270:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
1994:
1903:Solomon S, Pitossi F, Rao MS (February 2015).
1575:Lee SJ, Vogelsang G, Flowers ME (April 2003).
515:
4764:
4056:
3325:
2387:Zhang L, Chu J, Yu J, Wei W (February 2016).
2386:
2305:"Versus Host Disease: A Comprehensive Review"
658:, resulting in a patient more susceptible to
608:The effector phase: target tissue destruction
469:Antigens most responsible for graft loss are
348:Blockages in the smaller airways of the lungs
263:(HLA) matches between donor and the patient.
3574:Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
2982:
2827:
2703:
1896:
1847:
1722:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
574:, increases the risk of autoimmune disease.
504:effect. A great deal of current research on
2963:
2928:
2926:
2661:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1685:
1618:the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
1581:Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
1526:Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
1247:Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
1032:Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
1019:
342:Burning sensations when eating acidic foods
5407:Complications of surgical and medical care
4771:
4757:
4707:
4063:
4049:
3332:
3318:
3108:
3106:
1664:
854:
769:, and electrostimulation for GVHD-related
584:thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity
71:
47:
3339:
3042:
3032:
2863:
2845:
2793:
2680:
2617:
2554:
2404:
2320:
2230:
2114:
2026:
1977:
1952:Falkenburg JH, Jedema I (December 2017).
1928:
1879:
1808:
1754:
1592:
1537:
1449:
1379:
1299:
1258:
1206:. 29 Suppl 1 (Nov Supplement 1): S68-77.
1163:
1051:
980:
939:
929:
888:
548:
318:Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)
2969:
2923:
379:
150:
5284:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
3103:
2068:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.371098016450.x
1401:
1399:
1288:Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
792:to be approved for a systemic disease.
598:The afferent phase: activation of APC (
14:
5384:
488:from rejecting the bone marrow graft (
5106:Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
4752:
4222:Radiation-induced erythema multiforme
4044:
3313:
2828:Flinn AM, Gennery AR (6 March 2023).
2823:
2821:
1736:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
526:This type of GvHD is associated with
339:Dryness or painful sores in the mouth
4695:
2932:
1396:
776:
4539:Pseudoverrucous papules and nodules
4227:Radiation-induced hypertrophic scar
3718:Canadian Society of Transplantation
3713:American Society of Transplantation
2543:The New England Journal of Medicine
1743:International Journal of Hematology
1577:"Chronic graft-versus-host disease"
422:After bone marrow transplantation,
24:
3157:
2955:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
2818:
2640:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
2577:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
2479:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
2253:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
2190:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1839:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1650:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1560:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1316:
1186:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1123:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1074:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
1011:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
855:Williamson LM (1 September 1998).
807:
682:
25:
5418:
5323:Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
3188:
2994:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
460:minor histocompatibility antigens
5369:
4960:Hemolytic disease of the newborn
4730:
4718:
4706:
4694:
4683:
4682:
4325:Inner ear decompression sickness
3644:United Network for Organ Sharing
3629:National Transplant Organization
1692:Yasuda H, Ohto H, Abe R (1993).
1488:10.1111/j.1525-1470.2012.01839.x
464:major histocompatibility complex
414:to destroy or inactivate viable
5142:Subacute bacterial endocarditis
5004:Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
4719:
3758:Organ transplantation in Israel
3127:
3077:
3059:
3008:
2970:Research Cf (9 February 2019).
2880:
2769:
2725:
2697:
2648:
2530:
2487:
2429:
2380:
2296:
2261:
2139:
2090:
1970:10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.693
1730:
1568:
282:, sometimes in a lacy pattern.
203:in the form of immune-mediated
3763:Organ transplantation in Japan
3734:Organ transplantation in China
3708:American Society of Nephrology
2673:10.1002/14651858.CD009768.pub2
1413:. National Library of Medicine
1301:10.1590/1806-9282.62.suppl1.44
1144:Science Translational Medicine
905:
848:
13:
1:
5222:Postorgasmic illness syndrome
4559:environmental skin conditions
4352:High-altitude pulmonary edema
3639:Trillium Gift of Life Network
3619:National Marrow Donor Program
2747:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66996-6
1909:Stem Cell Reviews and Reports
1801:10.1016/S2352-3026(18)30214-X
1381:10.1016/S0301-472X(00)00677-9
1091:Revue de Pneumologie Clinique
841:
754:Non-pharmacological treatment
624:
446:(IFNÎł). A wide range of host
5279:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
4549:Tropical anhidrotic asthenia
4358:High-altitude cerebral edema
3677:Halachic Organ Donor Society
3604:Gift of Life Marrow Registry
2901:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90124-h
2610:10.3324/haematol.2016.149294
2393:Journal of Leukocyte Biology
2223:10.1182/blood-2006-10-048652
2160:10.1007/978-88-470-0828-1_30
2019:10.1182/blood-2008-03-143461
1212:10.1097/ICO.0b013e3181ea9a6b
1103:10.1016/j.pneumo.2015.05.004
677:
589:
139:or treated with an approved
119:GvHD can also occur after a
7:
5345:Systemic autoimmune disease
5181:Allergic contact dermatitis
5101:Hypersensitivity vasculitis
4984:Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
4571:frictional/traumatic/sports
4197:Chronic radiation keratosis
3682:Kidney Foundation of Canada
2782:Bone Marrow Transplantation
2707:Bone Marrow Transplantation
2556:10.1056/NEJM200106143442402
2116:10.4049/jimmunol.166.3.1843
1407:"Graft-versus-host disease"
969:Bone Marrow Transplantation
819:
687:Intravenously administered
582:A GvHD-like disease called
516:Transfusion-associated GvHD
462:) that can be presented by
10:
5423:
4851:common allergies include:
4663:Pseudoacanthosis nigricans
3739:harvesting from Falun Gong
3687:National Kidney Foundation
3543:Non-heart-beating donation
3141:. NewScientist. 3 May 2017
3034:10.1007/s00520-024-08686-x
2508:10.1182/blood-2002-08-2510
2346:Nature Reviews. Immunology
2282:10.1016/j.jaad.2007.02.027
1737:Kanda J (September 2013).
1539:10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.12.024
1260:10.1016/j.bbmt.2003.08.001
1156:10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.12.039
1044:10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.09.004
519:
289:
156:dermis from the epidermis)
26:
5305:
5271:
5262:
5240:
5194:
5173:
5154:
5124:
5078:
5063:
5022:
4974:
4967:
4953:
4923:
4898:
4813:
4790:
4678:
4515:
4487:
4442:
4434:Space adaptation syndrome
4411:
4385:
4369:
4342:Chronic mountain sickness
4285:
4260:
4247:Radiation recall reaction
4237:Radiation-induced morphea
4189:
4140:Warm water immersion foot
4112:
4086:
4079:
3987:
3970:
3939:
3923:
3907:
3876:
3850:
3814:
3778:
3771:
3726:
3700:
3652:
3587:
3569:Graft-versus-host disease
3561:
3533:
3505:
3380:
3347:
3266:
3196:
3021:Supportive Care in Cancer
2451:10.1182/blood.V99.11.4200
2406:10.1189/jlb.4ru0615-254rr
2322:10.21873/anticanres.11483
1921:10.1007/s12015-014-9574-4
1756:10.1007/s12185-013-1405-x
826:Graft-versus-tumor effect
816:and six others in Spain.
375:
83:Graft-versus-host disease
60:
55:
46:
42:Graft-versus-host disease
41:
29:Host-versus-graft disease
5397:Transplantation medicine
5096:Henoch–Schönlein purpura
4911:Eosinophilic esophagitis
4616:Weathering nodule of ear
4232:Radiation-induced keloid
4217:Radiation-induced cancer
4147:Non-freezing cold injury
4125:Immersion foot syndromes
3634:NHS Blood and Transplant
2978:– via www.fda.gov.
2148:"Thymus Transplantation"
931:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00079
600:antigen presenting cells
452:human leukocyte antigens
362:malignant transformation
312:Abdominal (belly) cramps
261:human leukocyte antigens
241:
146:
27:Not to be confused with
5392:Immune system disorders
5212:Hashimoto's thyroiditis
4999:Guillain–Barré syndrome
4544:Sclerosing lymphangitis
4135:Tropical immersion foot
4010:Immunosuppressive drugs
3746:Organ donation in India
3089:The National Law Review
1789:The Lancet. Haematology
1630:10.11406/rinketsu.60.22
1594:10.1053/bbmt.2003.50026
1368:Experimental Hematology
918:Frontiers in Immunology
477:(first two years), and
366:squamous cell carcinoma
324:Bloated abdomen (belly)
95:bone marrow transplants
5313:Autoimmune adrenalitis
4631:Painful fat herniation
4611:Vibration white finger
4320:Decompression sickness
4177:Erythrocyanosis crurum
4030:Frankenstein's monster
4025:Total body irradiation
3751:Gurgaon kidney scandal
3609:Human Tissue Authority
3163:Ferrara JLM, Deeg HJ,
2795:10.1038/sj.bmt.1703231
1872:10.1098/rstb.2011.0030
982:10.1038/sj.bmt.1701899
712:calcineurin inhibitors
554:Thymus transplantation
549:Thymus transplantation
481:(long-term survival).
412:cell-mediated immunity
385:
360:with a higher risk of
222:Mucosal damage to the
185:gastrointestinal tract
157:
4586:Fissure of the nipple
4554:UV-sensitive syndrome
4479:Adverse drug reaction
4308:Middle ear barotrauma
4298:Arterial gas embolism
4015:Lung allocation score
3952:Jean-Michel Dubernard
3341:Organ transplantation
2103:Journal of Immunology
1476:Pediatric Dermatology
534:and the recipient is
383:
333:Skin that feels tight
257:allogeneic transplant
226:can result in severe
154:
99:stem cell transplants
18:Graft vs host disease
5318:Autoimmune hepatitis
5297:Transplant rejection
5207:Giant cell arteritis
5137:Rheumatoid arthritis
4994:Goodpasture syndrome
4906:Autoimmune urticaria
4581:Equestrian perniosis
3822:J. Hartwell Harrison
3579:Transplant rejection
3171:Marcel Dekker, 1990
2154:. pp. 255–267.
1451:10.4149/neo_2012_034
873:10.1136/hrt.80.3.211
836:Transplant rejection
736:In August 2017, the
473:(first six months),
345:Bacterial infections
189:hematopoietic system
110:transplant rejection
4784:autoimmune diseases
4668:Narcotic dermopathy
4576:Black heel and palm
4529:Dermatosis neglecta
4403:Psychological abuse
4242:Radiation poisoning
3931:André van der Merwe
3915:Richard C. Lillehei
3588:Transplant networks
3372:Xenotransplantation
3367:Autotransplantation
3355:Allotransplantation
2309:Anticancer Research
1698:Fukushima J Med Sci
567:xenotransplantation
135:used have not been
5227:Reactive arthritis
5217:Multiple sclerosis
5111:Reactive arthritis
5009:Pemphigus vulgaris
4989:Bullous pemphigoid
4890:Penicillin allergy
4826:Allergic urticaria
4638:Uranium dermatosis
4591:Pulling boat hands
4500:Lightning injuries
3786:Christiaan Barnard
3382:Organs and tissues
3267:External resources
3071:clinicaltrials.gov
814:The Berlin Patient
760:photobiomodulation
562:negative selection
510:graft-versus-tumor
401:histo-incompatible
386:
306:Decreased appetite
280:maculopapular rash
270:Acute GvHD of the
236:sexual intercourse
199:) itself, and the
158:
67:Emergency medicine
5357:
5356:
5353:
5352:
5258:
5257:
5150:
5149:
5059:
5058:
5055:
5054:
5047:Pernicious anemia
5042:Myasthenia gravis
4919:
4918:
4842:Atopic dermatitis
4831:Allergic rhinitis
4746:
4745:
4495:Electrical injury
4337:Altitude sickness
4185:
4184:
4038:
4037:
4020:Machine perfusion
4000:Edmonton protocol
3995:Biomedical tissue
3983:
3982:
3894:Vladimir Demikhov
3796:Adrian Kantrowitz
3548:Organ procurement
3307:
3306:
2604:(11): 1417–1425.
2169:978-88-470-0827-4
1866:(1575): 2312–22.
1294:(supl 1): 44–50.
831:Immunosuppression
795:In January 2016,
777:Clinical research
762:for GVHD-related
572:DiGeorge syndrome
490:host-versus-graft
408:immunocompromised
406:The recipient is
336:Dry, burning eyes
213:connective tissue
121:blood transfusion
105:White blood cells
80:
79:
36:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
5414:
5374:
5373:
5372:
5365:
5340:Sjögren syndrome
5269:
5268:
5171:
5170:
5076:
5075:
4972:
4971:
4951:
4950:
4811:
4810:
4780:Hypersensitivity
4773:
4766:
4759:
4750:
4749:
4734:
4722:
4721:
4710:
4709:
4698:
4697:
4686:
4685:
4522:physical factors
4518:skin conditions
4450:Hypersensitivity
4167:Cold intolerance
4084:
4083:
4071:Consequences of
4065:
4058:
4051:
4042:
4041:
3842:Michael Woodruff
3776:
3775:
3507:Medical grafting
3334:
3327:
3320:
3311:
3310:
3194:
3193:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3110:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3046:
3036:
3012:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2996:. 14 August 2024
2986:
2980:
2979:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2954:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2930:
2921:
2920:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2867:
2849:
2825:
2816:
2815:
2797:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2741:(9487): 733–41.
2729:
2723:
2722:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2684:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2639:
2631:
2621:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2576:
2568:
2558:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2478:
2470:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2408:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2341:
2335:
2334:
2324:
2315:(4): 1547–1555.
2300:
2294:
2293:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2252:
2244:
2234:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2189:
2181:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2118:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2030:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1981:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1932:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1883:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1838:
1830:
1812:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1758:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1721:
1713:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1649:
1641:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1596:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1559:
1551:
1541:
1517:
1508:
1507:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1453:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1403:
1394:
1393:
1383:
1359:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1331:
1314:
1313:
1303:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1262:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1185:
1177:
1167:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1122:
1114:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1073:
1065:
1055:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1010:
1002:
984:
960:
954:
953:
943:
933:
909:
903:
902:
892:
852:
656:immunodeficiency
444:interferon-gamma
394:immuno-competent
137:gamma irradiated
76:
75:
51:
39:
38:
21:
5422:
5421:
5417:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5412:
5411:
5382:
5381:
5380:
5370:
5368:
5360:
5358:
5349:
5301:
5264:
5254:
5236:
5232:Type 1 diabetes
5202:Coeliac disease
5190:
5162:
5146:
5120:
5086:Arthus reaction
5067:
5051:
5037:Graves' disease
5018:
5014:Rheumatic fever
4963:
4931:
4915:
4894:
4821:Allergic asthma
4802:
4786:
4777:
4747:
4742:
4674:
4564:Electrical burn
4521:
4520:resulting from
4519:
4517:
4511:
4483:
4470:Arthus reaction
4438:
4419:Motion sickness
4407:
4381:
4365:
4281:
4277:Oxygen toxicity
4256:
4181:
4108:
4075:
4073:external causes
4069:
4039:
4034:
3979:
3966:
3935:
3919:
3903:
3872:
3846:
3827:John P. Merrill
3810:
3767:
3722:
3701:Joint societies
3696:
3667:Blood Cancer UK
3654:
3648:
3591:
3589:
3583:
3557:
3529:
3525:Vascular bypass
3501:
3376:
3343:
3338:
3308:
3303:
3302:
3262:
3261:
3205:
3191:
3181:Polsdorfer, JR
3160:
3158:Further reading
3155:
3154:
3144:
3142:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3111:
3104:
3094:
3092:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3013:
3009:
2999:
2997:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2968:
2964:
2948:
2947:
2940:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2885:
2881:
2847:10.12703/r/12-4
2834:Faculty Reviews
2826:
2819:
2774:
2770:
2730:
2726:
2702:
2698:
2667:(1): CD009768.
2653:
2649:
2633:
2632:
2590:
2586:
2570:
2569:
2549:(24): 1815–22.
2535:
2531:
2502:(11): 4233–44.
2492:
2488:
2472:
2471:
2434:
2430:
2385:
2381:
2358:10.1038/nri2138
2342:
2338:
2301:
2297:
2266:
2262:
2246:
2245:
2217:(10): 4539–47.
2203:
2199:
2183:
2182:
2170:
2144:
2140:
2095:
2091:
2062:(10): 1084–92.
2048:
2044:
1999:
1995:
1950:
1946:
1901:
1897:
1852:
1848:
1832:
1831:
1784:
1780:
1735:
1731:
1715:
1714:
1690:
1686:
1667:Harvey Lectures
1663:
1659:
1643:
1642:
1614:
1610:
1573:
1569:
1553:
1552:
1518:
1511:
1471:
1467:
1430:
1426:
1416:
1414:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1360:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1333:
1332:
1317:
1280:
1276:
1239:
1235:
1199:
1195:
1179:
1178:
1136:
1132:
1116:
1115:
1087:
1083:
1067:
1066:
1024:
1020:
1004:
1003:
961:
957:
910:
906:
853:
849:
844:
822:
810:
808:HIV elimination
779:
756:
701:
689:glucocorticoids
685:
683:Glucocorticoids
680:
627:
592:
580:
551:
524:
518:
426:present in the
418:from the donor.
378:
292:
244:
217:exocrine glands
149:
70:
37:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5420:
5410:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5379:
5378:
5355:
5354:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5336:
5335:
5330:
5320:
5315:
5309:
5307:
5303:
5302:
5300:
5299:
5294:
5288:
5287:
5286:
5275:
5273:
5266:
5260:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5246:
5244:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5198:
5196:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5188:
5183:
5177:
5175:
5168:
5152:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5128:
5126:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5116:Serum sickness
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5082:
5080:
5073:
5070:Immune complex
5061:
5060:
5057:
5056:
5053:
5052:
5050:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5033:
5031:
5020:
5019:
5017:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4980:
4978:
4969:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4957:
4955:
4948:
4947:
4946:
4945:
4944:
4939:
4921:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4908:
4902:
4900:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4892:
4887:
4886:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4828:
4823:
4817:
4815:
4808:
4788:
4787:
4776:
4775:
4768:
4761:
4753:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4740:
4728:
4716:
4704:
4692:
4679:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4671:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4640:
4635:
4634:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4621:Wrestler's ear
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4601:Surfer's knots
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4568:
4567:
4566:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4525:
4523:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4504:
4503:
4502:
4491:
4489:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4446:
4444:
4443:Adverse effect
4440:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4415:
4413:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4393:Physical abuse
4389:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4379:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4355:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4317:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4289:
4287:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4279:
4274:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4212:Radiation burn
4209:
4207:Radiation acne
4204:
4199:
4193:
4191:
4187:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4122:
4116:
4114:
4110:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4090:
4088:
4081:
4077:
4076:
4068:
4067:
4060:
4053:
4045:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3991:
3989:
3988:Related topics
3985:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3971:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3933:
3927:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3911:
3909:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3899:James D. Hardy
3896:
3891:
3889:Joel D. Cooper
3886:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3863:James D. Hardy
3860:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3839:
3837:Elizabeth Ward
3834:
3829:
3824:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3806:Norman Shumway
3803:
3798:
3793:
3791:James D. Hardy
3788:
3782:
3780:
3773:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3730:
3728:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3658:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3599:Eurotransplant
3595:
3593:
3590:and government
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3565:
3563:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3539:
3537:
3535:Organ donation
3531:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3511:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3386:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3344:
3337:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3314:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3283:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3248:
3237:
3222:
3206:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3197:Classification
3190:
3189:External links
3187:
3186:
3185:
3179:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3126:
3102:
3076:
3058:
3007:
2981:
2962:
2922:
2879:
2817:
2768:
2724:
2713:(5): 597–611.
2696:
2647:
2584:
2529:
2486:
2445:(11): 4200–6.
2428:
2379:
2336:
2295:
2260:
2197:
2168:
2138:
2109:(3): 1843–54.
2089:
2042:
1993:
1964:(1): 693–698.
1944:
1895:
1846:
1795:(2): e89–e99.
1778:
1729:
1684:
1657:
1608:
1567:
1509:
1465:
1424:
1395:
1351:
1339:www.cancer.org
1315:
1274:
1233:
1193:
1130:
1081:
1038:(12): 945–56.
1018:
955:
904:
867:(3): 211–212.
846:
845:
843:
840:
839:
838:
833:
828:
821:
818:
809:
806:
790:stem cell drug
778:
775:
755:
752:
700:
697:
684:
681:
679:
676:
675:
674:
651:
637:
634:
626:
623:
610:
609:
606:
603:
591:
588:
579:
576:
550:
547:
520:Main article:
517:
514:
420:
419:
404:
397:
384:GvHD pathology
377:
374:
350:
349:
346:
343:
340:
337:
334:
331:
328:
325:
322:
321:Enlarged liver
319:
316:
313:
310:
307:
291:
288:
243:
240:
148:
145:
133:blood products
78:
77:
64:
58:
57:
53:
52:
44:
43:
35:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5419:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5377:
5367:
5366:
5363:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5304:
5298:
5295:
5292:
5291:Latex allergy
5289:
5285:
5282:
5281:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5270:
5267:
5261:
5251:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5243:
5239:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5199:
5197:
5193:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5172:
5169:
5166:
5161:
5160:cell-mediated
5157:
5153:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5129:
5127:
5123:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5091:Farmer's lung
5089:
5087:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5077:
5074:
5071:
5066:
5062:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5034:
5032:
5030:
5026:
5021:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4973:
4970:
4966:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4952:
4949:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4933:
4932:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4901:
4897:
4891:
4888:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4850:
4849:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4812:
4809:
4806:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4781:
4774:
4769:
4767:
4762:
4760:
4755:
4754:
4751:
4739:
4738:
4733:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4717:
4715:
4714:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4693:
4691:
4690:
4681:
4680:
4677:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4648:Skin pop scar
4646:
4645:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4596:Runner's rump
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4572:
4569:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4514:
4508:
4505:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4486:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4410:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4384:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4368:
4359:
4356:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4332:High altitude
4330:
4326:
4323:
4322:
4321:
4318:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4303:Aerosinusitis
4301:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4284:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4269:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4259:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4192:
4188:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4111:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4066:
4061:
4059:
4054:
4052:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3986:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3969:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3957:Donna Mansell
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3947:Alexis Carrel
3945:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3869:
3868:Thomas Starzl
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3832:Joseph Murray
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3801:Richard Lower
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3774:
3770:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3747:
3744:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3725:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3699:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3662:Anthony Nolan
3660:
3659:
3657:
3655:organizations
3651:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3586:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3562:Complications
3560:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3520:Skin grafting
3518:
3516:
3515:Bone grafting
3513:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3504:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3383:
3379:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3335:
3330:
3328:
3323:
3321:
3316:
3315:
3312:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3282:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3265:
3258:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3247:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3199:
3195:
3184:
3180:
3178:
3177:0-8247-9728-0
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3161:
3140:
3136:
3130:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3090:
3086:
3080:
3072:
3068:
3062:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3011:
2995:
2991:
2985:
2977:
2973:
2966:
2958:
2952:
2936:
2933:Mandanas RA.
2929:
2927:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2895:(4): 807–15.
2894:
2890:
2883:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2824:
2822:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2772:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2728:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2700:
2692:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2651:
2643:
2637:
2629:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2598:Haematologica
2595:
2588:
2580:
2574:
2566:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2533:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2490:
2482:
2476:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2432:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2399:(2): 279–87.
2398:
2394:
2390:
2383:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2352:(8): 585–98.
2351:
2347:
2340:
2332:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2299:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2256:
2250:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2201:
2193:
2187:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2142:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2093:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2046:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2013:(4): 1522–9.
2012:
2008:
2004:
1997:
1989:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1899:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1850:
1842:
1836:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1782:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1733:
1725:
1719:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1680:
1676:
1673:(62): 21–78.
1672:
1668:
1661:
1653:
1647:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1612:
1604:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1587:(4): 215–33.
1586:
1582:
1578:
1571:
1563:
1557:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1516:
1514:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1482:(3): 335–41.
1481:
1477:
1469:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1412:
1408:
1402:
1400:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1374:(3): 259–77.
1373:
1369:
1365:
1358:
1356:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1253:(12): 760–5.
1252:
1248:
1244:
1237:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1150:(13): 13–14.
1149:
1145:
1141:
1134:
1126:
1120:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1085:
1077:
1071:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1022:
1014:
1008:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
983:
978:
974:
970:
966:
959:
951:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
923:
919:
915:
908:
900:
896:
891:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
851:
847:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
823:
817:
815:
805:
802:
801:remestemcel-L
798:
793:
791:
787:
782:
774:
772:
768:
765:
761:
751:
749:
745:
743:
739:
734:
732:
728:
724:
720:
715:
713:
709:
705:
696:
694:
690:
672:
669:
665:
661:
657:
652:
649:
645:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
628:
622:
620:
616:
607:
604:
601:
597:
596:
595:
587:
585:
575:
573:
568:
563:
559:
555:
546:
544:
541:
537:
533:
529:
523:
513:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
486:immune system
482:
480:
476:
472:
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
417:
413:
409:
405:
402:
398:
395:
391:
390:
389:
382:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:lichen planus
355:
347:
344:
341:
338:
335:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
305:
304:
303:
299:
297:
287:
283:
281:
278:
273:
268:
264:
262:
258:
253:
249:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
169:
167:
163:
153:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
117:
115:
111:
106:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
74:
68:
65:
63:
59:
54:
50:
45:
40:
34:
30:
19:
5241:
5186:Mantoux test
4847:Food allergy
4735:
4723:
4711:
4699:
4687:
4642:
4570:
4558:
4398:Sexual abuse
4386:Maltreatment
4313:Pneumothorax
4172:Acrocyanosis
4162:Aerosol burn
4104:Heat syncope
4099:Hyperthermia
3884:Fikri Alican
3858:Fikri Alican
3568:
3285:
3274:
3250:
3239:
3224:
3209:
3182:
3168:
3143:. Retrieved
3138:
3129:
3117:. Retrieved
3093:. Retrieved
3088:
3079:
3070:
3061:
3024:
3020:
3010:
2998:. Retrieved
2993:
2984:
2975:
2965:
2939:. Retrieved
2892:
2888:
2882:
2837:
2833:
2788:(8): 807–8.
2785:
2781:
2771:
2738:
2734:
2727:
2710:
2706:
2699:
2664:
2660:
2650:
2636:cite journal
2601:
2597:
2587:
2573:cite journal
2546:
2542:
2532:
2499:
2495:
2489:
2475:cite journal
2442:
2438:
2431:
2396:
2392:
2382:
2349:
2345:
2339:
2312:
2308:
2298:
2276:(4): 683–9.
2273:
2269:
2263:
2249:cite journal
2214:
2210:
2200:
2151:
2141:
2106:
2102:
2092:
2059:
2055:
2045:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1961:
1957:
1947:
1912:
1908:
1898:
1863:
1859:
1849:
1835:cite journal
1810:10138/311714
1792:
1788:
1781:
1749:(3): 300–8.
1746:
1742:
1732:
1718:cite journal
1704:(2): 69–75.
1701:
1697:
1687:
1670:
1666:
1660:
1646:cite journal
1624:(1): 22–27.
1621:
1617:
1611:
1584:
1580:
1570:
1556:cite journal
1532:(5): 910–8.
1529:
1525:
1479:
1475:
1468:
1444:(3): 264–8.
1441:
1437:
1427:
1415:. Retrieved
1410:
1371:
1367:
1342:. Retrieved
1338:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1250:
1246:
1236:
1203:
1196:
1182:cite journal
1147:
1143:
1133:
1119:cite journal
1097:(1): 101–7.
1094:
1090:
1084:
1070:cite journal
1035:
1031:
1021:
1007:cite journal
975:(3): 283–7.
972:
968:
958:
921:
917:
907:
864:
860:
850:
811:
794:
783:
780:
764:oral mucosal
757:
746:
735:
716:
704:Cyclosporine
702:
686:
640:Methotrexate
611:
593:
581:
552:
536:heterozygous
525:
483:
468:
438:, including
421:
387:
351:
300:
295:
293:
284:
269:
265:
251:
247:
245:
221:
191:, e.g., the
170:
159:
124:
118:
114:alloimmunity
103:
86:
82:
81:
33:
4837:Anaphylaxis
4833:(Hay fever)
4455:Anaphylaxis
4429:Airsickness
4424:Seasickness
4130:Trench foot
4120:Hypothermia
4080:Temperature
3962:Bruce Reitz
3614:LifeSharers
3592:departments
3553:Organ trade
3395:Bone marrow
3276:MedlinePlus
3165:Burakoff SJ
3145:23 November
3119:22 February
2056:Transfusion
1915:(1): 1–10.
1411:MedlinePlus
1344:1 September
731:alemtuzumab
723:pentostatin
644:cyclosporin
528:transfusion
416:lymphocytes
370:Oral cancer
354:oral cavity
315:Weight loss
205:pneumonitis
193:bone marrow
123:, known as
5386:Categories
5306:Autoimmune
5195:Autoimmune
5125:Autoimmune
4968:Autoimmune
4899:Autoimmune
4653:Skin track
4606:Tennis toe
4534:Pinch mark
4516:Ungrouped
4460:Angioedema
4377:Starvation
4347:Death zone
4293:Barotrauma
4152:Chilblains
3465:islet cell
3435:Heart–lung
3252:DiseasesDB
3027:(8): 546.
2937:. Medscape
842:References
771:xerostomia
748:Axatilimab
727:etanercept
708:tacrolimus
693:prednisone
691:, such as
648:tacrolimus
625:Prevention
558:thymocytes
532:homozygous
506:allogeneic
183:, and the
4976:Cytotoxic
4658:Slap mark
4626:Coral cut
4190:Radiation
4157:Frostbite
3727:Countries
3440:Intestine
3287:eMedicine
3000:15 August
2941:30 August
2856:2732-432X
2186:cite book
2178:219575147
1438:Neoplasma
881:1355-6037
797:Mesoblast
786:Prochymal
742:ibrutinib
740:approved
719:sirolimus
678:Treatment
671:infection
664:bacterial
590:Mechanism
543:haplotype
498:leukemias
496:, mainly
436:cytokines
252:fulminant
141:leukocyte
62:Specialty
5376:Medicine
5265:multiple
5263:Unknown/
5065:Type III
5029:receptor
4878:Tree nut
4713:Glossary
4689:Category
4507:Drowning
4286:Pressure
4272:Asphyxia
4087:Elevated
4005:Eye bank
3908:Pancreas
3692:ORGANIZE
3653:Advocacy
3460:Pancreas
3298:derm/478
3053:39048807
3044:11269426
2951:cite web
2917:22094672
2874:36923700
2865:10009889
2812:27292769
2804:11781637
2763:33732870
2755:16125590
2691:30697701
2628:27662016
2565:11407342
2516:12522002
2459:12010826
2423:25250676
2415:26643713
2366:17653126
2331:28373413
2290:17433850
2241:17284531
2133:24007739
2125:11160231
2037:18539902
1988:29222323
1939:25516409
1890:21727137
1827:73449161
1819:30709437
1765:23893313
1638:30726819
1603:12720215
1548:26748160
1504:25151282
1496:22957989
1460:22296496
1390:11274753
1310:27982319
1269:14677115
1228:39209313
1220:20935546
1174:20371463
1111:26209034
1062:16338616
999:24811357
991:10455367
950:28373870
820:See also
512:effect.
458:(called
456:proteins
448:antigens
364:to oral
309:Diarrhea
272:GI tract
232:scarring
195:and the
179:(rash),
91:syndrome
89:) is a
5272:Foreign
5174:Foreign
5165:T cells
5156:Type IV
5079:Foreign
4954:Foreign
4925:Type II
4868:Seafood
4814:Foreign
4796:allergy
4725:Outline
4701:Commons
4465:Allergy
4268:Hypoxia
4252:Sunburn
4113:Reduced
3405:Corneal
3295:ped/893
3292:med/926
3246:D006086
2909:1715244
2719:8054913
2682:6353308
2619:5394879
2524:6486524
2467:6859250
2374:7043844
2232:1885498
2084:7462268
2076:9354830
2028:2515132
1979:6142614
1930:4333229
1881:3130422
1773:1585777
1710:7927137
1679:4875305
1165:2895410
1053:4329079
941:5357769
899:9875072
890:1761088
538:for an
432:tissues
424:T cells
352:In the
296:chronic
290:Chronic
166:chronic
131:if the
129:TA-GvHD
5362:Portal
5293:(I+IV)
5025:Type V
4863:Peanut
4792:Type I
4737:Portal
4643:iv use
4412:Travel
4360:(HACE)
4354:(HAPE)
4261:Oxygen
3815:Kidney
3772:People
3624:NOD-Lb
3497:Vagina
3492:Uterus
3487:Thymus
3482:Spleen
3445:Kidney
3281:001309
3235:279.50
3175:
3095:1 July
3051:
3041:
2915:
2907:
2872:
2862:
2854:
2810:
2802:
2761:
2753:
2735:Lancet
2717:
2689:
2679:
2626:
2616:
2563:
2522:
2514:
2465:
2457:
2421:
2413:
2372:
2364:
2329:
2288:
2239:
2229:
2176:
2166:
2131:
2123:
2082:
2074:
2035:
2025:
1986:
1976:
1937:
1927:
1888:
1878:
1825:
1817:
1771:
1763:
1708:
1677:
1636:
1601:
1546:
1502:
1494:
1458:
1388:
1308:
1267:
1226:
1218:
1204:Cornea
1172:
1162:
1109:
1060:
1050:
997:
989:
948:
938:
924:: 79.
897:
887:
879:
767:ulcers
738:US FDA
729:, and
668:fungal
666:, and
494:cancer
471:HLA-DR
376:Causes
224:vagina
209:elafin
197:thymus
181:mucosa
69:
5132:Lupus
4883:Wheat
4800:atopy
4488:Other
3940:Other
3924:Penis
3851:Liver
3779:Heart
3472:Penis
3450:Liver
3430:Heart
3400:Brain
3348:Types
3220:T86.0
2913:S2CID
2840:: 4.
2808:S2CID
2759:S2CID
2520:S2CID
2496:Blood
2463:S2CID
2439:Blood
2419:S2CID
2370:S2CID
2211:Blood
2174:S2CID
2129:S2CID
2080:S2CID
2007:Blood
1823:S2CID
1769:S2CID
1500:S2CID
1417:6 May
1224:S2CID
995:S2CID
861:Heart
660:viral
619:TNF-α
502:tumor
479:HLA-A
475:HLA-B
440:TNF-α
428:graft
248:acute
242:Acute
201:lungs
173:liver
162:acute
147:Types
5333:APS2
5328:APS1
5242:GVHD
4929:ADCC
4858:Milk
4782:and
4370:Food
4094:Burn
3877:Lung
3672:DKMS
3477:Skin
3455:Lung
3425:Head
3420:Hand
3415:Face
3390:Bone
3360:ABOi
3257:5388
3241:MeSH
3230:9-CM
3173:ISBN
3147:2018
3121:2016
3097:2012
3049:PMID
3002:2024
2957:link
2943:2017
2905:PMID
2889:Cell
2870:PMID
2852:ISSN
2800:PMID
2751:PMID
2715:PMID
2687:PMID
2642:link
2624:PMID
2579:link
2561:PMID
2512:PMID
2481:link
2455:PMID
2411:PMID
2362:PMID
2327:PMID
2286:PMID
2255:link
2237:PMID
2192:link
2164:ISBN
2121:PMID
2072:PMID
2033:PMID
1984:PMID
1962:2017
1935:PMID
1886:PMID
1841:link
1815:PMID
1761:PMID
1724:link
1706:PMID
1675:PMID
1652:link
1634:PMID
1599:PMID
1562:link
1544:PMID
1492:PMID
1456:PMID
1419:2019
1386:PMID
1346:2020
1306:PMID
1265:PMID
1216:PMID
1188:link
1170:PMID
1125:link
1107:PMID
1076:link
1058:PMID
1013:link
987:PMID
946:PMID
895:PMID
877:ISSN
710:are
706:and
646:and
617:and
615:IL-1
442:and
294:The
246:The
230:and
228:pain
215:and
177:skin
164:and
97:and
87:GvHD
4942:IgM
4937:IgG
4873:Soy
4853:Egg
4805:IgE
3410:Eye
3226:ICD
3211:ICD
3039:PMC
3029:doi
2976:FDA
2897:doi
2860:PMC
2842:doi
2790:doi
2743:doi
2739:366
2677:PMC
2669:doi
2614:PMC
2606:doi
2602:101
2551:doi
2547:344
2504:doi
2500:101
2447:doi
2401:doi
2354:doi
2317:doi
2278:doi
2227:PMC
2219:doi
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