423:
3097:
1460:
1440:
2966:
1608:
1383:, who chairs the formation talks, after consulting the parliamentary leaders of all parties represented in the lower house of the States General. Because this advice was a matter of public record, the monarch could not easily take a direction that was contrary to the advice of a majority in parliament. On the other hand, what was actually talked about behind the closed doors of the palace was not known. Upon the conclusion of formation talks, the monarch appoints the cabinet. Upon the fall of a government, the Prime Minister has to request the monarch to dismiss the cabinet.
52:
3009:. Representatives are chosen on personal title, so when a member no longer agrees with his or her party, the member can decide to stay in the chamber, either as an independent representative, or as a member of another parliamentary party. If a member decides to resign, the empty seat falls to the original party collecting the votes, and is offered to the highest placed candidate on the party's electoral list who was not elected. Coalition governments may fall before their term expires, which usually results in early dissolution of the House and new elections.
1494:
1510:
1478:
1592:
648:
617:
1560:
1544:
1528:
1053:
896:
3036:
1576:
4209:, the VVD became the biggest party with 31 seats, followed closely by the PvdA with 30 seats. The right-wing PVV went from 9 to 24 seats, while the CDA lost half of their support and was left with 21 seats. The SP lost 10 of its 25 seats, and both D66 and GroenLinks got 10 seats. The Christian Union, the smallest coalition party, lost 1 of its 6 seats. Both the SGP and the PvdD kept their 2 seats. The
3951:
3923:. Society was separated into several segments (pillars) which lived separately from each other and there was only contact at the top levels, in government. These pillars had their own organisations, most importantly the political parties. There were four pillars, which provided the five most important parties, the socialist
4232:
The three parties that lost most were the PVV, sinking from 24 to 15 seats, the CDA, continuing their 2010 loss and winning only 13 seats, and GroenLinks, sinking from 10 to only 4 seats. The SP (15 seats), Christian Union (5 seats) and PvdD (2 seats) were stable, whereas D66 (10 to 12 seats) and SGP
4224:
In April 2012, the PVV withdrew its support for the Rutte cabinet after failed negotiations about the government budget for 2013. A political crisis followed, in which the parliamentary fractions of the VVD, CDA, D66, GroenLinks and the
Christian Union, together disposing of a parliamentary majority,
3839:
According to a mid-June 2013 report by Dutch broadcasting station NOS, nineteen Dutch prisons will be closed due to a declining crime rate and budgetary cuts. As a result of the closures, a higher number of prisoners will be required to share cells and electronic tagging will become a favoured option
1208:
and the
Statute of the Kingdom, however, overrule Dutch law and the Constitution, and judges are allowed to review laws against these in a particular court case. Furthermore, all legislation that is not a law in the strict sense of the word (such as policy guidelines or laws proposed by provincial or
3461:
The Court of Audit investigates whether public funds are collected and spent legitimately and effectively. The
National Ombudsman investigates complaints about the functioning and practices of government. As with the advice of the Council of State, the reports from these organisations are not easily
3001:
and discuss proposed legislation and review the actions of the cabinet. Only the House of
Representatives has the right to propose or amend legislation while the Senate discusses its value regarding the Dutch law since the Netherlands has no constitutional court. Currently there are 150 members of
1232:
Major political institutions are the monarchy, the cabinet, the States
General and the judicial system. There are three other High Colleges of State, which stand on an equal footing with parliament but have a less political role, of which the Council of State is the most important. Other levels of
1428:
The government consists of ministries, the implementing organizations that fall under the responsibility of ministries, inspectorates, and High
Councils of State, and is involved in the preparation and implementation of the plans of the government and parliament. In 2010, all ministries' websites
4017:
rose to 10.7% of the national income. The centre-right and centre-left coalitions of CDA–VVD and CDA–PvdA reformed the Dutch welfare state to bring the budget deficit under control and to create jobs. Social benefits were reduced, taxes lowered and businesses deregulated. Gradually the economy
3418:
The
Council of State is an advisory body of cabinet on constitutional and judicial aspects of legislation and policy. All proposed legislation is sent to the Council of State for advice. Although the advice is not binding, the cabinet is required to respond to the advice and it often plays a
3691:, consisting of the mayor and a number of aldermen. The mayor is appointed by the national government and responsible to the Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations. The aldermen are appointed by, and responsible to the municipal council. The major cities of
4181:
saw a major advance of the SP, which almost tripled in size and became the third largest party with 17% of the seats, while the moderate PvdA lost a quarter of its seats. At the other end of the spectrum, LPF lost all its seats, while the new anti-immigrant
3337:(FvD), a right-wing, nationalist conservative party. In favour of lower taxes, promoting environmental sustainability (while questioning mankind's influence on climate change), military investment and expansion, electoral reform, offering a referendum on
3016:. Nowadays, the Senate is mainly considered to be a body of elder statesmen reconsidering legislation at ease, away from the pressure of daily political and media hypes. The position of senator is a part-time job as the institution meets once a week.
1706:
3124:
The system of proportional representation, combined with the historical social division between
Catholics, Protestants, socialists and liberals, has resulted in a multiparty system. The parties currently represented in the
651:
5016:
3745:. These boards are ruled by representatives of companies, farmers and nature conservation organisations and representatives who are elected by citizens in the area. They have the power to tax their residents.
3983:
meant that there had been a demographic shift to lower ages. On top of that, the voting age was lowered, first from 23 to 21 years in 1963 and then to 18 years in 1972. The most successful new party was the
4041:
was formed between PvdA, D66 and VVD. The colour purple symbolised the mixing of socialist red with liberal blue. During the purple years, which lasted until 2002, the government introduced legislation on
3496:
As part of the Dutch tradition of depoliticised consensus-based decision making, the government often makes use of advisory councils composed of academic specialists or representatives of stakeholders.
1405:) constitutionally consists of the monarch and the ministers. The monarch only plays a role in the appointment of ministers, and is not involved in decision-making. The ministers collectively form the
4986:
2771:
3998:(CDA), which became a major force in Dutch politics, participating in governments uninterruptedly from 1977 until 1994. Meanwhile, the conservative liberal VVD and D66 made large electoral gains.
656:
3516:, along with government-appointed specialists. It is consulted at an early stage in financial, economic and social policy-making. It advises government and its advice, like the advice of the
874:
3327:
party, that is often considered a one issue-party, although it claims not to be. The focus of the party is on animal welfare, protecting the environment and conservation. The party also has
4259:
who consider that "green policies" are a threat to their livelihood due to nitrogen consumption being limited and other policies which impose additional burdens on the ability to farm. (→
3481:
2849:
2488:
1711:
5011:
4996:
663:
1371:. Although King Willem-Alexander takes these functions seriously, he refrains from exerting his power in these positions. Until 2012, the monarch also played a central role in the
620:
4692:
5026:
3572:
The remaining third of the members of the council are appointed by the government. These include professors of economics and related fields, as well as representatives of the
996:
1233:
government are the municipalities, the water boards and the provinces. Although not mentioned in the
Constitution, political parties and the social partners organised in the
3243:
progress. D66 is also a strong supporter of
European integration. The party supports secularism, EU integration, and is relatively supportive of civil liberties and privacy.
3153:, formerly of the VVD. Its philosophy is based on maintaining the integrity of Dutch culture, and opposing immigration and European integration. Mostly economically liberal.
1439:
4951:
2859:
1256:
is reserved for the government. The Social and Economic Council also has the special right to make and enforce legislation in specific sectors, mostly in agriculture. The
879:
2071:
5021:
5001:
4981:
3477:
3316:, a small political party mainly focusing on and promoting multiculturalism and social integration. The party also supports environmentalism and international justice.
4991:
3849:
1819:
1430:
3943:(ARP). Since no party ever won an absolute majority, these political parties had to work together in coalition governments. These alternated between a centre-left "
3012:
Members of the Senate are elected indirectly by provincial councilors, again every four years, just after the elections of the provincial councils, via a system of
4936:
3804:. The Dutch economy is very open and heavily reliant on international trade. One of the more controversial international issues surrounding the Netherlands is its
3607:
3279:
party. It holds to the principle that government activity should supplement but not supplant communal action by citizens. The CDA puts its philosophy between the "
2615:
2260:
4725:
4037:, the CDA lost nearly half its seats, while D66 doubled in size. For the first time in eighty years, a coalition was formed without the Christian democrats. The
1902:
3196:
and economic freedom compared to other parties. The VVD has supported prioritising security over civil liberties. While VVD is more market liberal, split party
3430:
chaired by the monarch. The probable heir to the throne becomes a member of the Council when reaching legal adulthood. The monarch leaves daily affairs to the
2794:
2603:
2317:
487:
4497:
4431:
4119:. It proved short-lived: after only 87 days in power, the coalition fell apart as a result of consecutive conflicts within the LPF and between LPF ministers.
1459:
1081:
637:
625:
182:
3431:
3399:, a conservative liberal party that emerged after internal conflicts in Forum for Democracy. The party is influenced by the ideas of right-wing politician
2134:
1815:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
4635:
5006:
2938:
4201:
In February 2010, the PvdA withdrew its support for the fourth Balkenende cabinet. The PvdA disagreed with prolonging the Dutch military involvement in
3710:
is formed by three public bodies sometimes called "special municipalities" which are not part of a province. They are governed by a Lieutenant-general (
3352:. Only in 2006 and after heavy political pressure were women allowed to be members of this party. Reliably earns 2 or 3 out of 150 seats in parliament.
2585:
2711:
2128:
3450:, which are explicitly regarded as independent by the Constitution. Apart from the two Houses of Parliament and the Council of State, these are the
5579:
2407:
4353:
McGarry, John; O'Leary, Brendan (1993). "Introduction: The 4-political regulation of ethnic conflict". In McGarry, John; O'Leary, Brendan (eds.).
4057:
Since 2000, the Netherlands has largely supported the European Union and taken marked steps to integrate itself with it and improve its ties with
5733:
5051:
4941:
3652:, within the bounds prescribed by the national government. Furthermore, they oversee the policy and finances of municipalities and water boards.
2721:
2418:
2145:
2092:
1991:
1980:
5708:
4886:
4697:
3665:
2504:
1736:
970:
966:
1429:
were merged into a new website, and the various logos of the ministries were replaced by a single national Dutch government logo. Some of the
5663:
5467:
4155:
4151:
3600:
1029:
17:
3096:
6228:
5888:
5377:
4159:
3057:
1975:
1150:
of the Dutch citizens and it describes the position and function of the institutions that have executive, legislative and judiciary power.
889:
4916:
4718:
3928:
3185:
2270:
2249:
869:
3438:, and the other councillors, who are mainly legal specialists, former ministers, members of parliament and judges or professors of law.
5611:
4911:
2925:
2920:
2783:
2776:
2685:
2155:
1691:
1417:, and initiates laws and policy. While most of the ministers head government ministries, since 1939 it has been permissible to appoint
541:
443:
6070:
6060:
5678:
5046:
4931:
4891:
3539:
2514:
1827:
1799:
1186:
1074:
952:
3994:
Pillarisation declined, with the three Christian democratic parties losing almost half of their votes. In 1977 they merged into the
3181:
ideals. It focuses on issues such as climate change, employment, social security and healthcare with traditional left-wing elements.
4946:
4802:
3614:
3545:
2806:
1696:
554:
510:
321:
4384:
3979:
In the 1960s, new parties appeared, which were mostly popular with young voters, who felt less bound to the pillars. The post-war
6100:
5606:
3239:
party. The party supports liberal policies on social issues such as abortion, drugs, euthanasia and stands for human rights and
5673:
4711:
4105:
3909:
3904:(per the Constitution of 1814), in which only property-owning adult males had the right to vote. Under influence of the rising
3859:
3631:
3521:
3359:, a Christian democratic and conservative party made up by mostly orthodox Protestant Christians, with conservative stances on
3126:
3006:
2978:
1345:
917:
632:
492:
168:
505:
5959:
4926:
3635:
3527:
The following organisations are represented in the Social and Economic Council, accounting for two thirds of its membership:
3310:, rejecting the privatisation of public services and advocating increased social welfare and socialised education and safety.
2426:
2219:
927:
606:
151:
1493:
6643:
5824:
5728:
5636:
5616:
5116:
3825:
3759:
3025:
1349:
1067:
986:
945:
4531:
4138:
was formed by the CDA, the VVD, and the D66. Against popular sentiment, the right-wing coalition initiated a programme of
3488:. All judicial appointments are made by the Government. Judges are appointed for life until they retire at the age of 70.
6356:
5992:
5131:
5111:
4970:
3588:
3573:
3517:
3447:
2695:
2229:
2061:
1891:
1341:
1289:
688:
480:
216:
4165:
In June 2006, D66 withdrew its support for the coalition in the aftermath of the upheaval about the asylum procedure of
1509:
6286:
6120:
5851:
5713:
5703:
5693:
5594:
4784:
4260:
4202:
3562:
3403:, who was assassinated in 2002, promoting stricter immigration policies, entrepreneurship and more individual freedoms.
2304:
2029:
1406:
293:
3788:. While historically the Netherlands used to be a neutral state, it has joined many international organisations since
3100:
Several members of the House of Representatives campaigning for their respective parties in 2010. From left to right:
6002:
5997:
5893:
5883:
5868:
5774:
5723:
5718:
5584:
5061:
4921:
4896:
4798:
4472:
4368:
4275:
4187:
4113:
4070:
3671:
Local government in the Netherlands is formed by 342 municipalities (as of 2023). Municipalities are responsible for
3334:
3083:
2960:
2329:
1912:
1724:
1591:
1422:
1396:
1330:
1213:
594:
537:
500:
249:
100:
4439:
3580:. In addition, representatives of environmental and consumers' organisations are represented in SER working groups.
3065:
6221:
6162:
5878:
5698:
5683:
5658:
5529:
5370:
5056:
4906:
4901:
4820:
4794:
4776:
4409:
4267:
4097:
3653:
3532:
3485:
2700:
2102:
1999:
1625:
1265:
1034:
991:
683:
373:
6145:
6115:
6028:
5969:
5898:
5829:
5819:
5789:
5779:
5031:
4313:
The Netherlands were in 2023 considered the 17th most electoral democratic country in the world according to the
3821:
3684:
2351:
1137:
786:
781:
776:
771:
455:
436:
83:
56:
4021:
When the far-left parties lost much electoral support in the 1986 elections, they decided to merge into the new
1359:
and has a role in the legislative process, as he has to co-sign every law to make it valid. The monarch is also
6622:
6493:
6306:
6110:
5841:
5834:
5794:
5176:
3817:
3805:
3722:, which is elected by direct suffrage. Their activities are similar to but wider than those of municipalities.
3413:
3061:
2553:
2493:
2076:
2051:
1970:
1607:
1364:
860:
813:
808:
803:
798:
226:
3476:
The judiciary comprises eleven district courts, four courts of appeal, three administrative courts of appeal (
6581:
6331:
6075:
5814:
5809:
5784:
4870:
4824:
4816:
4790:
4772:
4195:
4127:
3863:
3833:
3356:
3291:
2452:
2081:
1477:
1244:; according to the Constitution, the States General and the government (the monarch and the ministers) share
1014:
581:
349:
1252:) for advice and the Social and Economic Council advises the government on most socio-economic legislation.
6503:
6080:
5979:
5873:
5856:
5804:
5799:
5646:
5599:
5186:
4210:
4009:
system in the world by the early eighties, but it came into crisis when spending rose due to dramatic high
3867:
3855:
3719:
3471:
3451:
2965:
2747:
2641:
2025:
1376:
1221:
718:
676:
366:
4278:, securing 35 out of 150 seats. The second biggest party was the centre to centre-left D66 with 24 seats.
4237:, a pensioners' party, gaining 2 seats. In November 2012, after a relatively short cabinet formation, the
6596:
6548:
6418:
6214:
6125:
6065:
6038:
5954:
5863:
5764:
5631:
5589:
5574:
5462:
5363:
5106:
4881:
4768:
4295:
4249:
4226:
4206:
4186:(PVV) went from nothing to 6% of the seats, becoming the fifth largest party. This polarisation made the
4178:
4123:
4085:
4034:
3995:
3829:
3501:
3303:
3261:
3246:
3219:
3013:
2580:
2392:
1648:
1285:
1234:
1220:) twice. The first time around, this requires a majority vote. After parliament has been dissolved and a
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
475:
468:
206:
6181:
6135:
6016:
5987:
5964:
5917:
5405:
5397:
5036:
4810:
4256:
3936:
3932:
3924:
3913:
3552:
3513:
3164:
2645:
2300:
1788:
1499:
1418:
1392:
1154:
899:
698:
530:
289:
6553:
6378:
6043:
5939:
5903:
5418:
5306:
5296:
5241:
4191:
4135:
4014:
3781:
2760:
2239:
2055:
1859:
1559:
1543:
1527:
1125:
922:
3683:, within the bounds prescribed by the national and provincial government. Like provincial councils,
6558:
6520:
6130:
6095:
6090:
5301:
5291:
5236:
5166:
4174:
4126:, the LPF dropped to only five percent of the seats in the House of Representatives. The left-wing
4109:
3940:
3692:
3668:. Members of the provincial executive are appointed by, and responsible to the provincial council.
3345:
3046:
2679:
2224:
1334:
1102:
1321:
was proclaimed Sovereign Prince of the Netherlands. The new monarchy was confirmed in 1815 at the
1224:
has been held, both Houses must approve the proposed amendments again with a two-thirds majority.
6478:
6150:
5431:
5171:
5161:
5041:
4847:
4314:
3878:
3773:
3050:
1445:
1372:
1106:
1039:
449:
73:
3348:(SGP), an explicitly religious, radically conservative and theocratic Protestant party. It is a
1329:. The House of Orange-Nassau was given the present-day Netherlands and Belgium to govern as the
6448:
6408:
6388:
6368:
6271:
5846:
5519:
5271:
5256:
5156:
5101:
4078:
3657:
3594:
3313:
2977:
The Dutch Parliament, officially known as the States General of the Netherlands, consists of a
2402:
2387:
2382:
2244:
1299:
1024:
693:
189:
4360:
4354:
3656:
are directly elected by inhabitants every four years. Executive authority is exercised by the
3524:, self-regulating organisations that contribute to making laws for specific economic sectors.
3419:
significant role in the ensuing debate in Parliament. In addition, the Council is the highest
1425:
presides over the cabinet and is the most important political figure of the Dutch government.
6586:
6383:
5934:
5276:
5266:
5261:
5251:
5146:
5136:
5126:
5076:
5066:
4229:, in which both the VVD and the PvdA won considerably, gaining 41 and 38 seats respectively.
4013:
rates and poor economic growth. The early eighties saw unemployment rise to over 11% and the
3947:" coalition of PvdA, KVP, ARP and CHU and a centre-right coalition of VVD, KVP, ARP and CHU.
3742:
3707:
3577:
3320:
3269:
3138:
2465:
1770:
1641:
1158:
1019:
976:
6606:
6591:
6538:
6508:
6463:
6458:
6433:
6291:
6190:
5626:
5544:
5524:
5326:
5316:
5196:
5151:
5141:
5121:
4842:
4291:
4238:
4225:
came to a temporary agreement for the 2013 budget. What followed in September 2012 was the
4116:
3882:
3777:
3661:
3618:
3420:
3307:
3233:
3189:
3168:
2986:
2906:
2296:
2038:
1597:
1575:
1241:
1197:
1099:
601:
279:
137:
70:
6576:
1153:
The constitution applies to the Netherlands, one of the four constituent countries of the
8:
6498:
6488:
6438:
6398:
6351:
6346:
6336:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6296:
6281:
6276:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6155:
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5688:
5559:
5539:
5534:
5321:
5311:
5206:
5201:
5191:
4299:
4287:
4245:
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4214:
4074:
4038:
3970:
have arisen that are shown at the extreme top. Vertical lines indicate general elections.
3959:
3688:
3390:
3341:
membership, reinstating border controls and ending what it perceives as mass immigration.
3272:
3211:
3207:
3156:
3142:
2562:
2478:
2234:
2066:
1864:
1784:
610:
147:
4688:, detailed information about politicians elections, cabinets, parties, etc., since 1814.
4608:
422:
51:
6601:
6543:
6483:
6473:
6453:
6443:
6428:
6423:
6403:
6373:
6341:
6326:
6301:
6237:
6195:
5569:
5492:
5286:
5181:
5096:
4356:
The Politics of Ethnic Conflict Regulation: Case Studies of Protracted Ethnic Conflicts
4147:
3455:
3371:. In other areas the party is considered centre-left, for instance on immigration, the
3328:
3193:
2469:
2397:
1886:
1794:
1701:
1368:
1322:
1307:
1269:
703:
233:
6513:
6468:
6393:
6363:
5564:
5514:
5496:
5281:
4532:"Trump and Le Pen backed these Dutch farmers -- now they've sprung an election shock"
4505:
4478:
4468:
4364:
4183:
3985:
3785:
3664:. The commissioner is appointed by the national government and is responsible to the
3368:
3349:
3254:
3236:
3201:
3134:
2751:
2690:
2570:
2372:
2359:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2042:
1964:
1851:
1685:
1633:
1367:, which advises the cabinet on every piece of legislation and is the final court for
1245:
1121:
405:
4343:
edited by A. J. G. M. Bekke, Frits M. Meer, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2000, Chapter 7
1128:
on important issues, within both of the political community and society as a whole.
6085:
5554:
5505:
5440:
5413:
5226:
5216:
4089:
3963:
3897:
3676:
3641:
3378:
3178:
3171:
2836:
2654:
2590:
2548:
2460:
2412:
2376:
2363:
2209:
1955:
1809:
1779:
1515:
1318:
1110:
5081:
5738:
5621:
5500:
5472:
5346:
5246:
5231:
5211:
5086:
4582:
4556:
4166:
4131:
4006:
3967:
3955:
3901:
3680:
3386:
3101:
2766:
2671:
2557:
2368:
2355:
2139:
2033:
1938:
1934:
1896:
1762:
1317:
The present monarchy was founded in 1813. After the expulsion of the French, the
1253:
1201:
1124:. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by a common striving for broad
1057:
958:
383:
4703:
4654:
4294:
failed to reach a compromise on asylum policy and fell in July 2024, triggering
5549:
5487:
5482:
5331:
5091:
5071:
4307:
4283:
4198:. This cabinet was oriented at solidarity, durability, and "norms and values".
4054:. The purple coalition also marked a period of remarkable economic prosperity.
3801:
3793:
3765:
3711:
3338:
3215:
3175:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
2914:
2869:
2832:
2814:
2788:
2729:
2649:
2623:
2597:
2522:
2434:
2335:
2311:
2278:
2254:
2161:
2110:
2086:
2007:
1951:
1918:
1868:
1855:
1833:
1744:
1654:
1483:
1257:
1166:
981:
569:
564:
303:
41:
6637:
6048:
5453:
4509:
4303:
4279:
4139:
4104:). Fortuyn was shot dead nine days before the elections. The LPF entered the
4062:
4018:
recovered and the budget deficit and unemployment were reduced considerably.
4002:
3954:
The seat distribution in the House of Representatives from 1946 to 2021. The
3920:
3435:
3372:
3324:
3280:
3150:
2932:
2675:
2540:
2456:
1942:
1766:
1672:
1465:
1356:
1170:
1147:
1113:
196:
67:
4482:
4190:
very difficult. The talks resulted in the formation of the social-Christian
3640:
The Netherlands is divided into twelve provinces, which are responsible for
6105:
5949:
5221:
4636:"Geert Wilders is in coalition talks but far from forming Dutch government"
4498:"Nitrogen wars: the Dutch farmers' revolt that turned a nation upside-down"
4170:
4051:
4010:
3988:
3908:
movement the requirements were gradually reduced until in 1917 the present
3789:
3276:
3225:
3197:
3146:
2843:
2755:
2574:
2204:
1985:
1565:
1549:
1533:
1311:
1261:
1182:
1143:
641:
574:
178:
110:
4158:
by a majority of 61.54%, three days after 57.67% of the French voters had
3687:
are directly elected every four years. Municipalities are governed by the
1157:. The Netherlands comprises all of the European territory, as well as the
5668:
5435:
5386:
4462:
4093:
3769:
3730:
3726:
3509:
3400:
3382:
3381:, the Dutch branch of the pan-European socially and economically liberal
3250:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2705:
2566:
2498:
1804:
1718:
1681:
1303:
1117:
1095:
932:
559:
547:
264:
158:
127:
90:
1052:
6053:
5355:
4432:"The Netherlands is closing prisons due to a serious prisoner shortage"
4271:
4143:
4047:
4022:
3889:
from 1581 to 1806, and a kingdom between 1806 and 1810 (it was part of
3649:
3364:
3160:
2970:
2662:
2544:
1960:
1947:
1613:
4464:
A Short History of the Netherlands: From Prehistory to the Present Day
3610:, which advises the government on environmental and health issues, and
1212:
Amendments to the Constitution must be approved by both Houses of the
1178:
6206:
6140:
6033:
5929:
3944:
3905:
3700:
3696:
3672:
3295:
2998:
2994:
2047:
1414:
393:
356:
339:
120:
3035:
5944:
5509:
5458:
5449:
4108:
with one-sixth of the seats, while the PvdA lost half its seats. A
4066:
4043:
3991:(D66), which proposed democratisation to break down pillarisation.
3980:
3886:
3360:
3331:
positions regarding education, privacy, healthcare and the economy.
3265:
3229:
2910:
2658:
1880:
1775:
1676:
1326:
1295:
1248:. All legislation has to pass through the Council of State (Dutch:
1190:
4266:
On 15 January 2021, the Rutte cabinet resigned in the face of the
3950:
3617:, which advises the government on long-term social, political and
3249:(BBB) is a centre-right to right-wing party that has its roots in
5477:
5427:
4557:"Dutch Rutte government resigns over child welfare fraud scandal"
3734:
3555:
3284:
3005:
Members of the House are elected directly every four years using
2901:
2473:
2213:
1876:
1581:
1162:
4306:, won the largest number of seats, and it formed the right-wing
3597:, which studies and reports on social and economic developments,
3462:
put aside and often play a role in public and political debate.
5445:
5423:
4234:
3890:
3645:
3299:
2196:
1205:
4583:"Dutch election: PM Mark Rutte claims victory and fourth term"
4096:. He campaigned on an anti-immigration programme and spoke of
4092:(LPF), the new political party led by the flamboyant populist
3840:
during sentencing procedures for people convicted of crime/s.
1333:. Between 1815 and 1890, the King of the Netherlands was also
1260:
is divided into two separate systems of courts. For civil and
1209:
municipal government) can be tested on its constitutionality.
997:
Visa policy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean
3738:
2482:
2200:
1174:
4685:
4677:
4352:
4221:
formed by VVD and CDA, supported in parliament by the PVV.
4058:
3797:
3396:
3240:
1872:
4134:
became the fourth strongest party there. The centre-right
3729:
which are responsible for the country's inland waterways,
1707:
Review Committee on the Intelligence and Security Services
1325:
as part of the re-arrangement of Europe after the fall of
3850:
History of the Netherlands: modern history (1900-present)
3718:) and "eilandgedeputeerden" which are responsible to the
2667:
4467:(4th ed.). Amersfoort: Bekking. pp. 148, 156.
3608:
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
3520:, cannot easily be set aside. The SER heads a system of
3935:(KVP) and the two conservative Protestant parties, the
3568:
the employers' organisation for farmers LTO Nederland.
2072:
National Coordinator for Security and Counterterrorism
3603:, which studies long-term social and cultural trends,
3294:(SP), in its first years was a radical-socialist and
2235:
Department of Nuclear Safety, Security and Safeguards
1379:
or a cabinet crisis. The monarch used to appoint the
1173:. The Kingdom as a whole (the Netherlands along with
4270:. In March 2021, centre-right VVD of Prime Minister
3703:), which have their own (limited) responsibilities.
1298:
since 1813, but has been governed by members of the
1272:
the Council of State is the highest court, which is
3916:was instituted, expanded in 1919 to include women.
1409:. This executive council meets every Friday in the
4257:protests commenced with thousands of Dutch farmers
4150:. On 1 June 2005, the Dutch electorate voted in a
4733:
1310:was appointed stadtholder and led the successful
6635:
4952:Agriculture, Fisheries, Food Security and Nature
3919:Until 1966, Dutch politics was characterised by
3508:, SER), which is composed of representatives of
4700:& Instituut voor Publiek en Politiek (2008)
4652:
2489:Institute for Public Health and the Environment
1204:laws on their constitutionality. International
4698:Netherlands Institute for Multiparty Democracy
4282:' radical-right party lost a few seats, while
4084:The purple coalition lost its majority in the
3666:Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations
3446:The Dutch political system has five so-called
3002:the House of Representatives and 75 Senators.
1237:are important political institutions as well.
6222:
5371:
4719:
4244:The second Rutte cabinet was followed by the
3601:The Netherlands Institute for Social Research
1075:
4646:
4252:. It consisted of the VVD, CDA, D66 and CU.
4081:and other factors have contributed to that.
1976:Fiscal Information and Investigation Service
1433:Prime Ministers of the Netherlands include:
1240:The Netherlands does not have a traditional
3500:The most prominent advisory council is the
3064:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2969:Joint session of the States General in the
6229:
6215:
5612:Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands
5378:
5364:
4726:
4712:
4460:
3699:are subdivided into administrative areas (
3544:the trade union for managerial staff, the
2921:Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority
2408:Military Intelligence and Security Service
1082:
1068:
4746:
4678:The official site of the Dutch government
3836:are among the most liberal in the world.
3625:
3540:Christian National Trade Union Federation
3441:
3306:. It is now a socialist party advocating
3084:Learn how and when to remove this message
1800:General Intelligence and Security Service
1227:
5385:
4693:The Dutch Political System in a Nutshell
4233:(2 to 3 seats) won mildly. Newcomer was
4112:was formed by CDA, VVD, and LPF, led by
3966:parties closer to the top. Occasionally
3949:
3929:People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
3615:Scientific Council for Government Policy
3546:Trade Union Federation for Professionals
3186:People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
3095:
2964:
1697:Scientific Council for Government Policy
1200:and judges do not have the authority to
5607:Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
4341:Civil service systems in Western Europe
4336:
4334:
4320:
4177:was formed by CDA and VVD. The ensuing
3772:is based on four basic commitments: to
3591:, which forecasts economic development,
2772:Driving License and Certificates Agency
1142:The Dutch Constitution lists the basic
183:Speaker of the House of Representatives
14:
6636:
6236:
4633:
4495:
3910:party-list proportional representation
3860:Christian democracy in the Netherlands
3632:Provincial politics in the Netherlands
3432:Vice-President of the Council of State
3007:party-list proportional representation
2135:Immigration and Naturalisation Service
6210:
5359:
4968:
4868:
4745:
4707:
4529:
3636:Municipal politics of the Netherlands
5017:Van Zuylen van Nijevelt–Van Heemstra
4331:
4025:in 1989, with considerable success.
3843:
3760:Foreign relations of the Netherlands
3583:Other prominent advisory bodies are
3491:
3062:adding citations to reliable sources
3029:
3026:Political parties of the Netherlands
3019:
1350:Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange
5052:Heemskerk–Van Lynden van Sandenburg
4942:Infrastructure and Water Management
4169:instigated by immigration minister
3896:Before 1917, the Netherlands had a
3589:Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis
3574:Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis
3482:Trade and Industry Appeals Tribunal
3407:
2993:). Both chambers are housed in the
2230:Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis
1981:Authority for the Financial Markets
1892:Center for the Promotion of Imports
1401:The government of the Netherlands (
1290:List of monarchs of the Netherlands
24:
4454:
4261:Nitrogen crisis in the Netherlands
4079:aftermath of the Orange Revolution
3563:small and medium-sized enterprises
3465:
25:
6655:
4671:
4496:Tullis, Paul (16 November 2023).
4402:
4071:enlargement of the European Union
3927:(PvdA), the conservative liberal
3885:since 1848. Previously, it was a
3806:liberal policy towards soft drugs
3753:
3658:King's (or Queens's) commissioner
2961:States General of the Netherlands
2954:
2441:Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport
1423:Prime Minister of the Netherlands
1397:Prime Minister of the Netherlands
1355:Constitutionally, the monarch is
1331:United Kingdom of the Netherlands
4634:Henley, Jon (21 December 2023).
4461:Rietbergen, P. J. A. N. (2000).
4302:Party for Freedom (PVV), led by
4268:Dutch childcare benefits scandal
4194:supported by CDA, PvdA, and the
3962:parties in the center, with the
3811:
3561:the employers' organisation for
3533:Federation of Dutch Trade Unions
3192:party. It has more sympathy for
3034:
2819:Ministerie van Volkshuisvesting
1606:
1590:
1574:
1558:
1542:
1526:
1508:
1492:
1476:
1458:
1438:
1302:(by chosen and later hereditary
1268:is the highest court, while for
1196:The Netherlands does not have a
1109:, the country is organised as a
1051:
1035:Republicanism in the Netherlands
992:Visa policy of the Schengen Area
895:
894:
647:
646:
616:
615:
421:
50:
4917:Climate Policy and Green Growth
4627:
4601:
4575:
4530:Tanno, Sophie (19 March 2023).
3958:parties are on the bottom, the
3149:party founded and dominated by
2250:Environmental Assessment Agency
1138:Constitution of the Netherlands
1131:
84:Constitution of the Netherlands
57:Coat of arms of the Netherlands
4937:Education, Culture and Science
4887:Interior and Kingdom Relations
4869:
4609:"NOS - Einde kabinet-Rutte IV"
4549:
4523:
4489:
4438:. 25 June 2013. Archived from
4424:
4377:
4359:. London: Routledge. pp.
4346:
4179:November 2006 general election
4005:had become the most extensive
3484:and Council of State) and the
3414:Council of State (Netherlands)
3204:stance and leans more to left.
3127:Dutch House of Representatives
2734:Ministerie van Infrastructuur
2554:Occupational safety and health
1971:Tax and Customs Administration
1692:Government Information Service
13:
1:
5632:Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17
5047:De Vries–Fransen van de Putte
4932:Social Affairs and Employment
4735:Government of the Netherlands
4325:
4173:. As a result, the caretaker
4124:January 2003 general election
4028:
3864:Liberalism in the Netherlands
2527:Ministerie van Sociale Zaken
2245:Central Agency for Statistics
2082:Custodial Institutions Agency
1015:Corruption in the Netherlands
18:Government of the Netherlands
4969:
4947:Housing and Spatial Planning
4241:was formed by VVD and PvdA.
4146:privatisation, and stricter
3974:
3872:
3868:Socialism in the Netherlands
3856:Anarchism in the Netherlands
3472:Judiciary of the Netherlands
3214:party founded in 2023 after
2156:Ministry of Economic Affairs
1751:Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties
1749:Ministerie van Binnenlandse
367:Judiciary of the Netherlands
7:
6644:Politics of the Netherlands
4987:De Kempenaer–Donker Curtius
4821:Ministers without Portfolio
4795:Ministers without Portfolio
4777:Ministers without Portfolio
4410:"Organisatie Rijksoverheid"
4248:in October 2017, after the
4213:eventually resulted in the
4211:following cabinet formation
3996:Christian Democratic Appeal
3877:The Netherlands has been a
3502:Social and Economic Council
3304:Communist Party Netherlands
3262:Christian Democratic Appeal
3014:proportional representation
2876:Visserij, Voedselzekerheid
2722:Ministry of Infrastructure
2581:Social and Economic Council
2515:Ministry of Social Affairs
2166:Ministerie van Economische
1828:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1730:Minister of General Affairs
1649:Ministry of General Affairs
1419:ministers without portfolio
1294:The Netherlands has been a
1286:Monarchy of the Netherlands
1279:
1235:Social and Economic Council
953:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
414:Politics of the Netherlands
33:Politics in the Netherlands
10:
6660:
5398:Kingdom of the Netherlands
3937:Christian Historical Union
3914:universal manhood suffrage
3853:
3847:
3757:
3629:
3469:
3411:
3393:and large civil liberties.
3159:, a political alliance of
3023:
2958:
2701:Equal Treatment Commission
2686:Public Broadcasting Agency
2628:Ministerie van Onderwijs,
2271:Ministry of Climate Policy
2067:Public Prosecution Service
1500:Pieter Cort van der Linden
1393:Cabinet of the Netherlands
1390:
1386:
1283:
1155:Kingdom of the Netherlands
1135:
290:Cabinet of the Netherlands
6615:
6567:
6529:
6244:
6175:
6024:
6015:
5978:
5925:
5916:
5760:
5751:
5724:Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta
5654:
5645:
5468:Development urban centers
5404:
5394:
5344:
5132:Ruijs de Beerenbrouck III
5062:Van Lynden van Sandenburg
4977:
4964:
4927:Health, Welfare and Sport
4877:
4864:
4835:
4809:
4783:
4763:
4756:
4752:
4741:
4192:fourth Balkenende cabinet
4136:second Balkenende cabinet
3782:international development
3748:
2941:Fisheries, Food Security
2939:Minister of Agriculture,
2874:Ministerie van Landbouw,
2862:Fisheries, Food Security
2860:Ministry of Agriculture,
2220:Foreign Investment Agency
1860:International development
1737:Ministry of the Interior
1624:
493:Ministers Plenipotentiary
389:
379:
372:
362:
355:
345:
335:
327:
317:
309:
299:
285:
278:
270:
260:
239:
232:
222:
212:
202:
195:
188:
174:
164:
157:
143:
133:
126:
116:
106:
96:
89:
79:
63:
49:
31:
5117:Ruijs de Beerenbrouck II
5057:Kappeyne van de Coppello
4653:V-Dem Institute (2023).
4615:(in Dutch). 12 July 2023
4175:third Balkenende cabinet
4106:House of Representatives
4067:introduction of the Euro
3941:Anti-Revolutionary Party
3893:between 1810 and 1813).
3706:Local government on the
3514:employers' organisations
3506:Sociaal Economische Raad
3478:Central Appeals Tribunal
3346:Reformed Political Party
3139:nationalist conservative
2979:House of Representatives
2850:Minister of Housing and
2807:Ministry of Housing and
2784:Meteorological Institute
2494:Health Care Inspectorate
1923:Ministerie van Financiën
1816:Minister of the Interior
1335:Grand Duke of Luxembourg
1276:chaired by the monarch.
1103:representative democracy
664:Parliamentary committees
633:House of Representatives
169:House of Representatives
5112:Ruijs de Beerenbrouck I
5032:Van Zuylen van Nijevelt
4997:Van Hall-Donker Curtius
4848:Dutch cabinet formation
4315:V-Dem Democracy indices
4286:'s radical-right party
4088:due to the rise of the
3933:Catholic People's Party
3883:parliamentary democracy
3879:constitutional monarchy
3792:, most prominently the
3774:Transatlantic relations
3725:Furthermore, there are
3660:and the College of the
3553:employers' organisation
3247:Farmer–Citizen Movement
2712:Minister of Education,
2616:Ministry of Education,
2340:Ministerie van Defensie
2305:Renewable energy policy
2285:Klimaat en Groene Groei
1446:Johan Rudolph Thorbecke
1340:The current monarch is
1107:constitutional monarchy
1040:Social Economic Council
450:Wet Algemene Bepalingen
152:President of the Senate
74:constitutional monarchy
6287:Bosnia and Herzegovina
6071:Decorations and medals
5520:Burgundian Netherlands
4803:Deputy Prime Ministers
4296:November snap election
4274:was the winner of the
4188:formation negotiations
3971:
3715:
3626:Subnational government
3595:Statistics Netherlands
3518:High Councils of State
3448:High Councils of State
3442:High Councils of State
3283:" of the VVD and the "
3121:
2974:
2873:
2821:en Ruimtelijk Ordening
2818:
2733:
2627:
2526:
2438:
2339:
2282:
2165:
2114:
2014:Justitie en Veiligheid
2011:
1922:
1837:
1748:
1658:
1373:formation of a cabinet
1300:House of Orange-Nassau
1228:Political institutions
1120:can be described as a
1025:Law of the Netherlands
967:Diplomatic missions of
689:High Councils of State
555:Deputy Prime Ministers
6066:Customs and etiquette
5012:Van Hall–Van Heemstra
4747:Structure and process
4250:2017 general election
4227:2012 general election
4207:2010 general election
4156:European Constitution
4154:against the proposed
4086:2002 general election
4035:1994 general election
3953:
3708:Caribbean Netherlands
3578:De Nederlandsche Bank
3321:Party for the Animals
3167:. The party combines
3099:
2968:
2630:Cultuur en Wetenschap
2466:Pharmaceutical policy
2301:Climate change policy
2062:National Police Corps
1820:and Kingdom Relations
1771:Public administration
1739:and Kingdom Relations
1638:Independent Agencies
1020:De Nederlandsche Bank
322:Deputy Prime Minister
217:King Willem-Alexander
38:Politiek in Nederland
6101:Orders of knighthood
5734:World Heritage Sites
5637:Coronavirus pandemic
5627:European debt crisis
5600:Dutch Liberation Day
5525:Habsburg Netherlands
5027:Fransen van de Putte
4907:Asylum and Migration
4902:Justice and Security
4843:Demissionary cabinet
4785:Council of Ministers
4321:Notes and references
4292:fourth Rutte cabinet
4239:second Rutte cabinet
4148:immigration policies
4117:Jan Peter Balkenende
3960:Christian democratic
3778:European integration
3662:provincial executive
3421:administrative court
3385:movement advocating
3375:and the environment.
3308:democratic socialism
3273:Christian democratic
3212:christian democratic
3190:conservative liberal
3058:improve this section
2907:Natural conservation
2724:and Water Management
2505:Minister of Health,
2427:Ministry of Health,
2297:Environmental policy
2105:Asylum and Migration
2093:Minister of Justice
2039:Emergency management
2002:Justice and Security
1598:Jan Peter Balkenende
1431:most highly regarded
1407:Council of Ministers
1242:separation of powers
1198:constitutional court
1122:consociational state
657:Historic composition
626:Historic composition
488:Council of Ministers
294:Council of Ministers
6530:States with limited
6238:Politics of Europe
5709:Mountains and hills
5560:Batavian Revolution
5540:Spanish Netherlands
5535:Seventeen Provinces
5107:Cort van der Linden
4655:"The V-Dem Dataset"
4385:"Taken informateur"
4300:right-wing populist
4288:Forum for Democracy
4246:third Rutte cabinet
4219:minority government
4215:first Rutte cabinet
4205:. In the following
4160:rejected the treaty
4102:Puinhopen van Paars
4075:enlargement of NATO
3986:progressive liberal
3912:voting system with
3689:municipal executive
3654:Provincial councils
3391:European federalism
3335:Forum for Democracy
3208:New Social Contract
2890:Agricultural policy
2797:Infrastructure and
2714:Culture and Science
2618:Culture and Science
2563:Consumer protection
2479:Biomedical sciences
2419:Minister of Defence
2330:Ministry of Defence
2146:Minister of Asylum
1992:Minister of Finance
1913:Ministry of Finance
1865:International trade
1306:) since 1556, when
1193:political system.
1058:Politics portal
918:Provincial politics
611:Jan Anthonie Bruijn
148:Jan Anthonie Bruijn
5960:Telecommunications
5570:Kingdom of Holland
5177:Schermerhorn–Drees
4412:. Rijksoverheid.nl
4290:grew. The ensuing
4098:the "Purple Chaos"
3972:
3818:recreational drugs
3816:Dutch policies on
3685:municipal councils
3565:MKB-Nederland, and
3456:National Ombudsman
3222:two years earlier.
3194:private enterprise
3122:
2975:
2571:Trade associations
2529:en Werkgelegenheid
2470:Vaccination policy
2129:Immigration policy
2077:Forensic Institute
1887:Diplomatic Service
1840:Buitenlandse Zaken
1369:administrative law
1323:Congress of Vienna
1308:William the Silent
1270:administrative law
971:in the Netherlands
928:Municipal politics
704:National Ombudsman
652:Current membership
621:Current membership
234:Head of government
91:Legislative branch
6631:
6630:
6204:
6203:
6171:
6170:
6011:
6010:
5912:
5911:
5889:Political parties
5825:Foreign relations
5747:
5746:
5617:Same-sex marriage
5565:Batavian Republic
5545:Eighty Years' War
5515:Holy Roman Empire
5353:
5352:
5340:
5339:
4960:
4959:
4860:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4831:
4830:
4825:State Secretaries
4797:, chaired by the
4563:. 15 January 2021
4184:Party for Freedom
3968:one-issue parties
3881:since 1813 and a
3844:Political history
3826:same-sex marriage
3786:international law
3492:Advisory councils
3369:same-sex marriage
3350:testimonial party
3255:rural development
3172:social democratic
3135:Party for Freedom
3094:
3093:
3086:
3020:Political parties
2949:
2948:
2945:
2881:
2854:
2824:
2801:
2739:
2716:
2691:National Archives
2633:
2610:
2532:
2509:
2507:Welfare and Sport
2444:
2429:Welfare and Sport
2421:
2373:Defence diplomacy
2360:National security
2343:
2324:
2288:
2265:
2193:Technology policy
2188:Investment policy
2184:Industrial policy
2180:Commercial policy
2171:
2150:
2120:
2117:Asiel en Migratie
2097:
2043:Counter-terrorism
2017:
1994:
1965:Government budget
1926:
1907:
1852:Foreign relations
1843:
1822:
1789:Kingdom Relations
1780:Local governments
1754:
1731:
1686:Dutch royal house
1673:Government policy
1664:
1630:Responsibilities
1246:legislative power
1189:, describing its
1159:Caribbean islands
1092:
1091:
987:Visa requirements
946:Foreign relations
890:Political parties
725:Recent elections
399:
398:
175:Presiding officer
144:Presiding officer
16:(Redirected from
6651:
6568:Dependencies and
6504:Northern Ireland
6245:Sovereign states
6231:
6224:
6217:
6208:
6207:
6184:
6022:
6021:
5993:Public transport
5923:
5922:
5758:
5757:
5652:
5651:
5478:Frankish Kingdom
5441:Migration Period
5380:
5373:
5366:
5357:
5356:
5187:Drees–Van Schaik
5002:Van der Brugghen
4982:Schimmelpenninck
4966:
4965:
4912:Economic Affairs
4866:
4865:
4801:and one or more
4761:
4760:
4754:
4753:
4743:
4742:
4728:
4721:
4714:
4705:
4704:
4684:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4661:
4650:
4644:
4643:
4631:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4620:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4594:
4579:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4553:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4542:
4527:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4516:
4493:
4487:
4486:
4458:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4428:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4406:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4395:
4381:
4375:
4374:
4350:
4344:
4338:
4090:Pim Fortuyn List
4039:purple coalition
3898:two-round system
3677:spatial planning
3642:spatial planning
3408:Council of State
3379:Volt Netherlands
3179:environmentalist
3089:
3082:
3078:
3075:
3069:
3038:
3030:
2936:
2929:
2867:
2852:Spatial Planning
2847:
2837:Spatial planning
2812:
2809:Spatial Planning
2799:Water Management
2792:
2780:
2761:Water Management
2727:
2709:
2696:National Library
2655:Knowledge policy
2642:Education policy
2621:
2601:
2594:
2586:Inspectorate SZW
2549:Labour economics
2520:
2502:
2461:Health insurance
2432:
2416:
2413:Ruben Brekelmans
2377:Humanitarian aid
2364:Veterans Affairs
2333:
2322:and Green Growth
2315:
2276:
2273:and Green Growth
2263:Economic Affairs
2258:
2210:Natural resource
2159:
2143:
2108:
2090:
2005:
1989:
1956:Financial market
1916:
1900:
1831:
1813:
1810:Judith Uitermark
1742:
1722:
1715:
1652:
1622:
1621:
1610:
1594:
1578:
1562:
1546:
1530:
1516:Hendrikus Colijn
1512:
1496:
1480:
1462:
1442:
1377:general election
1365:Council of State
1342:Willem-Alexander
1319:Prince of Orange
1264:the independent
1222:general election
1084:
1077:
1070:
1056:
1055:
912:Local government
898:
897:
694:Council of State
650:
649:
619:
618:
481:Willem-Alexander
425:
401:
400:
190:Executive branch
54:
29:
28:
21:
6659:
6658:
6654:
6653:
6652:
6650:
6649:
6648:
6634:
6633:
6632:
6627:
6611:
6569:
6563:
6549:Northern Cyprus
6531:
6525:
6419:North Macedonia
6240:
6235:
6205:
6200:
6187:
6180:
6167:
6121:Public holidays
6007:
5974:
5908:
5743:
5739:Zuiderzee Works
5641:
5622:Great Recession
5501:Frisian Freedom
5473:Frisian Kingdom
5414:Germanic tribes
5400:
5390:
5384:
5354:
5349:
5347:Portal:Politics
5336:
4973:
4956:
4892:Foreign Affairs
4882:General Affairs
4873:
4852:
4827:
4805:
4779:
4748:
4737:
4732:
4682:
4674:
4669:
4659:
4657:
4651:
4647:
4632:
4628:
4618:
4616:
4607:
4606:
4602:
4592:
4590:
4589:. 18 March 2021
4581:
4580:
4576:
4566:
4564:
4555:
4554:
4550:
4540:
4538:
4528:
4524:
4514:
4512:
4494:
4490:
4475:
4459:
4455:
4445:
4443:
4442:on 28 June 2013
4430:
4429:
4425:
4415:
4413:
4408:
4407:
4403:
4393:
4391:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4371:
4351:
4347:
4339:
4332:
4328:
4323:
4196:Christian Union
4167:Ayaan Hirsi Ali
4132:Jan Marijnissen
4128:Socialist Party
4122:In the ensuing
4031:
4007:social security
3977:
3902:census suffrage
3875:
3870:
3852:
3846:
3814:
3762:
3756:
3751:
3681:social security
3638:
3630:Main articles:
3628:
3619:economic trends
3494:
3474:
3468:
3466:Judicial system
3444:
3426:The Council is
3416:
3410:
3387:pro-Europeanism
3357:Christian Union
3302:split from the
3292:Socialist Party
3275:and moderately
3218:split from the
3157:GroenLinks–PvdA
3102:Sander de Rouwe
3090:
3079:
3073:
3070:
3055:
3039:
3028:
3022:
2963:
2957:
2951:
2942:
2940:
2935:
2923:
2905:
2877:
2875:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2851:
2846:
2820:
2811:
2808:
2798:
2796:
2791:
2781:
2774:
2769:
2767:Rijkswaterstaat
2759:
2735:
2726:
2723:
2713:
2708:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2672:Gender equality
2666:
2653:
2646:Cultural policy
2629:
2620:
2617:
2607:
2606:Social Affairs
2605:
2600:
2588:
2583:
2561:
2558:Social security
2552:
2528:
2519:
2516:
2506:
2501:
2491:
2477:
2464:
2440:
2439:Ministerie van
2431:
2428:
2415:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2369:Military police
2367:
2356:Military policy
2332:
2321:
2320:Climate Policy
2319:
2314:
2284:
2275:
2272:
2262:
2257:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2208:
2191:
2167:
2158:
2147:
2142:
2140:Marjolein Faber
2116:
2115:Ministerie van
2107:
2104:
2094:
2089:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2046:
2037:
2034:Public security
2030:Law enforcement
2013:
2012:Ministerie van
2004:
2001:
1988:
1978:
1973:
1959:
1946:
1939:Monetary policy
1935:Economic policy
1915:
1905:Foreign Affairs
1904:
1899:
1897:Caspar Veldkamp
1889:
1863:
1839:
1838:Ministerie van
1830:
1818:
1812:
1802:
1797:
1783:
1774:
1763:Domestic policy
1750:
1741:
1738:
1729:
1727:
1721:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1680:
1660:
1659:Ministerie van
1651:
1637:
1618:
1616:
1611:
1602:
1600:
1595:
1586:
1584:
1579:
1570:
1568:
1563:
1554:
1552:
1547:
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1531:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1513:
1504:
1502:
1497:
1488:
1486:
1481:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1463:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1443:
1399:
1391:Main articles:
1389:
1314:against Spain.
1292:
1284:Main articles:
1282:
1254:Executive power
1230:
1218:Staten-Generaal
1140:
1134:
1088:
1050:
1045:
1044:
1010:
1002:
1001:
977:Nationality law
973:
961:
959:Caspar Veldkamp
948:
938:
937:
913:
905:
904:
884:
855:
818:
791:
764:
721:
711:
710:
679:
669:
668:
597:
587:
586:
533:
523:
522:
515:
471:
461:
460:
439:
416:
406:Politics series
384:Dineke de Groot
357:Judicial branch
300:Current cabinet
292:
248:
243:King or Queen (
59:
45:
35:
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6657:
6647:
6646:
6629:
6628:
6626:
6625:
6623:European Union
6619:
6617:
6616:Other entities
6613:
6612:
6610:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6573:
6571:
6570:other entities
6565:
6564:
6562:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6535:
6533:
6527:
6526:
6524:
6523:
6518:
6517:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6494:United Kingdom
6491:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6359:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6307:Czech Republic
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6248:
6246:
6242:
6241:
6234:
6233:
6226:
6219:
6211:
6202:
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6199:
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6193:
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6169:
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6166:
6165:
6160:
6159:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6061:Cultural icons
6058:
6057:
6056:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6025:
6019:
6013:
6012:
6009:
6008:
6006:
6005:
6003:Road transport
6000:
5998:Rail transport
5995:
5990:
5984:
5982:
5976:
5975:
5973:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5926:
5920:
5914:
5913:
5910:
5909:
5907:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5894:Prime Minister
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5869:Municipalities
5866:
5861:
5860:
5859:
5854:
5844:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5775:Climate change
5772:
5767:
5761:
5755:
5749:
5748:
5745:
5744:
5742:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5679:Extreme points
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5655:
5649:
5643:
5642:
5640:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5603:
5602:
5597:
5587:
5585:United Kingdom
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5550:Dutch Republic
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5503:
5490:
5488:Lower Lorraine
5485:
5483:Middle Francia
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5456:
5443:
5438:
5421:
5416:
5410:
5408:
5402:
5401:
5395:
5392:
5391:
5389: articles
5383:
5382:
5375:
5368:
5360:
5351:
5350:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5302:Balkenende III
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
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5224:
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5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5037:Van Bosse–Fock
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4962:
4961:
4958:
4957:
4955:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4850:
4845:
4839:
4837:
4833:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4815:
4813:
4807:
4806:
4799:Prime Minister
4789:
4787:
4781:
4780:
4767:
4765:
4758:
4750:
4749:
4739:
4738:
4731:
4730:
4723:
4716:
4708:
4702:
4701:
4689:
4680:
4673:
4672:External links
4670:
4668:
4667:
4645:
4626:
4600:
4574:
4548:
4522:
4488:
4473:
4453:
4423:
4401:
4389:Tweedekamer.nl
4376:
4369:
4345:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4308:Schoof cabinet
4284:Thierry Baudet
4114:Prime Minister
4030:
4027:
4015:budget deficit
3976:
3973:
3939:(CHU) and the
3874:
3871:
3848:Main article:
3845:
3842:
3813:
3810:
3802:European Union
3794:United Nations
3766:foreign policy
3758:Main article:
3755:
3754:Foreign policy
3752:
3750:
3747:
3720:island council
3627:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3611:
3604:
3598:
3592:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3559:
3549:
3542:
3536:
3531:the left-wing
3493:
3490:
3470:Main article:
3467:
3464:
3452:Court of Audit
3443:
3440:
3412:Main article:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3394:
3376:
3353:
3342:
3339:European Union
3332:
3317:
3311:
3288:
3287:" of the PvdA.
3258:
3244:
3237:social liberal
3223:
3216:Pieter Omtzigt
3205:
3202:social liberal
3200:profiles more
3182:
3154:
3143:right populist
3118:Farshad Bashir
3114:Kees Verhoeven
3110:Han ten Broeke
3106:Ineke van Gent
3092:
3091:
3042:
3040:
3033:
3024:Main article:
3021:
3018:
2959:Main article:
2956:
2955:States General
2953:
2947:
2946:
2930:
2917:
2915:Animal welfare
2887:
2882:
2856:
2855:
2841:
2839:
2833:Housing policy
2830:
2825:
2803:
2802:
2789:Barry Madlener
2786:
2763:
2745:
2740:
2718:
2717:
2703:
2682:
2650:Science policy
2639:
2634:
2612:
2611:
2608:and Employment
2598:Eddy van Hijum
2595:
2577:
2538:
2533:
2517:and Employment
2511:
2510:
2496:
2485:
2450:
2445:
2423:
2422:
2410:
2379:
2349:
2344:
2326:
2325:
2312:Sophie Hermans
2309:
2307:
2294:
2289:
2283:Ministerie van
2267:
2266:
2255:Dirk Beljaarts
2252:
2216:
2177:
2172:
2152:
2151:
2137:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2099:
2098:
2087:David van Weel
2084:
2058:
2056:Incarcerations
2026:Justice system
2023:
2018:
1996:
1995:
1983:
1967:
1952:Incomes policy
1932:
1927:
1909:
1908:
1894:
1883:
1869:European Union
1856:Foreign policy
1849:
1844:
1824:
1823:
1807:
1791:
1760:
1755:
1733:
1732:
1725:Prime Minister
1716:
1702:Cabinet Office
1688:
1670:
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1661:Algemene Zaken
1645:
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1507:
1505:
1498:
1491:
1489:
1484:Abraham Kuyper
1482:
1475:
1473:
1464:
1457:
1455:
1444:
1437:
1388:
1385:
1281:
1278:
1258:judicial power
1250:Raad van State
1229:
1226:
1214:States General
1185:) has its own
1167:Sint Eustatius
1136:Main article:
1133:
1130:
1090:
1089:
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1030:Modern history
1027:
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1011:
1009:Related topics
1008:
1007:
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872:
865:
858:
857:
856:
854:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
821:
819:
817:
816:
811:
806:
801:
794:
792:
790:
789:
784:
779:
774:
767:
765:
763:
762:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
728:
722:
717:
716:
713:
712:
709:
708:
707:
706:
701:
699:Court of Audit
696:
686:
680:
675:
674:
671:
670:
667:
666:
661:
660:
659:
654:
644:
630:
629:
628:
623:
613:
598:
595:States General
593:
592:
589:
588:
585:
584:
579:
578:
577:
572:
570:Eddy van Hijum
567:
565:Sophie Hermans
562:
552:
551:
550:
538:Prime Minister
534:
529:
528:
525:
524:
521:
520:
519:
518:
517:
516:
514:
513:
508:
503:
497:
485:
484:
483:
472:
467:
466:
463:
462:
459:
458:
453:
446:
440:
435:
434:
431:
430:
427:
426:
418:
417:
412:
409:
408:
397:
396:
391:
387:
386:
381:
377:
376:
370:
369:
364:
360:
359:
353:
352:
347:
343:
342:
337:
333:
332:
329:
325:
324:
319:
315:
314:
313:Prime Minister
311:
307:
306:
304:Schoof cabinet
301:
297:
296:
287:
283:
282:
276:
275:
272:
268:
267:
262:
258:
257:
250:Prime Minister
241:
237:
236:
230:
229:
224:
220:
219:
214:
210:
209:
204:
200:
199:
193:
192:
186:
185:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
155:
154:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
101:States General
98:
94:
93:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
65:
61:
60:
55:
47:
46:
36:
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6656:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6624:
6621:
6620:
6618:
6614:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6582:Faroe Islands
6580:
6578:
6575:
6574:
6572:
6566:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6554:South Ossetia
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6528:
6522:
6519:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6496:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6379:Liechtenstein
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6249:
6247:
6243:
6239:
6232:
6227:
6225:
6220:
6218:
6213:
6212:
6209:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6188:
6183:
6179:
6178:
6174:
6164:
6161:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6055:
6052:
6051:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6026:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6014:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5985:
5983:
5981:
5977:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5915:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5879:Republicanism
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5849:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5762:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5750:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5684:Flood control
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5656:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5644:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5595:Nazi invasion
5593:
5592:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5575:Incorporation
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5498:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5411:
5409:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5393:
5388:
5381:
5376:
5374:
5369:
5367:
5362:
5361:
5358:
5348:
5343:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5307:Balkenende IV
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5297:Balkenende II
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5242:Biesheuvel II
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5172:Gerbrandy III
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5077:Van Tienhoven
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5042:Thorbecke III
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4979:
4976:
4972:
4967:
4963:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4876:
4872:
4867:
4863:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4834:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4812:
4808:
4804:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4759:
4755:
4751:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4729:
4724:
4722:
4717:
4715:
4710:
4709:
4706:
4699:
4695:
4694:
4690:
4687:
4686:Parlement.com
4681:
4679:
4676:
4675:
4656:
4649:
4641:
4637:
4630:
4614:
4610:
4604:
4588:
4584:
4578:
4562:
4558:
4552:
4537:
4533:
4526:
4511:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4492:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4474:90-6109-440-2
4470:
4466:
4465:
4457:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4427:
4411:
4405:
4390:
4386:
4380:
4372:
4370:0-415-07522-X
4366:
4362:
4358:
4357:
4349:
4342:
4337:
4335:
4330:
4318:
4316:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4304:Geert Wilders
4301:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4280:Geert Wilders
4277:
4273:
4269:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4242:
4240:
4236:
4230:
4228:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4153:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4140:welfare state
4137:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4099:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4082:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4063:Globalization
4060:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4040:
4036:
4026:
4024:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4004:
4003:welfare state
3999:
3997:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3982:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3952:
3948:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3921:pillarisation
3917:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3851:
3841:
3837:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3812:Policy issues
3809:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3761:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3637:
3633:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3575:
3567:
3564:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3498:
3489:
3487:
3486:Supreme Court
3483:
3479:
3473:
3463:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3439:
3437:
3436:Thom de Graaf
3433:
3429:
3424:
3422:
3415:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3373:welfare state
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3326:
3325:animal rights
3322:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3282:
3281:individualism
3278:
3274:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3238:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3174:politics and
3173:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3151:Geert Wilders
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3098:
3088:
3085:
3077:
3074:December 2017
3067:
3063:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3043:This section
3041:
3037:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3017:
3015:
3010:
3008:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2952:
2944:
2934:
2933:Femke Wiersma
2931:
2927:
2922:
2918:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2871:
2865:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2810:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2764:
2762:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2737:
2736:en Waterstaat
2731:
2725:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2676:Communication
2673:
2669:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2599:
2596:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2541:Social policy
2539:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2490:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2462:
2458:
2457:Health policy
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2430:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2240:Patent Office
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2148:and Migration
2141:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2003:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1944:
1943:Fiscal policy
1940:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1767:Civil service
1764:
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1466:Jan Heemskerk
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1362:
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1357:head of state
1353:
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1346:heir apparent
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1119:
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1114:unitary state
1112:
1111:decentralised
1108:
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1100:parliamentary
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868:Referendums:
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684:Supreme Court
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374:Supreme Court
371:
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320:
318:Deputy leader
316:
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205:
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197:Head of state
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71:parliamentary
69:
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58:
53:
48:
43:
39:
30:
27:
19:
6559:Transnistria
6521:Vatican City
6413:
6146:Coat of arms
6116:Prostitution
6029:Architecture
5970:Trade unions
5950:Polder model
5935:Central bank
5904:Water boards
5830:Human rights
5820:Homelessness
5790:Demographics
5780:Constitution
5752:
5590:World War II
5580:Principality
5396:Part of the
5292:Balkenende I
5237:Biesheuvel I
5167:Gerbrandy II
5102:T. Heemskerk
5067:J. Heemskerk
5022:Thorbecke II
4819:, including
4793:, including
4775:, including
4734:
4691:
4658:. Retrieved
4648:
4640:The Guardian
4639:
4629:
4617:. Retrieved
4612:
4603:
4591:. Retrieved
4586:
4577:
4565:. Retrieved
4560:
4551:
4539:. Retrieved
4535:
4525:
4513:. Retrieved
4502:The Guardian
4501:
4491:
4463:
4456:
4444:. Retrieved
4440:the original
4435:
4426:
4414:. Retrieved
4404:
4392:. Retrieved
4388:
4379:
4355:
4348:
4340:
4312:
4265:
4254:
4243:
4231:
4223:
4200:
4171:Rita Verdonk
4164:
4130:(SP) led by
4121:
4101:
4083:
4056:
4052:gay marriage
4032:
4020:
4011:unemployment
4000:
3993:
3989:Democrats 66
3978:
3925:Labour Party
3918:
3895:
3876:
3838:
3822:prostitution
3815:
3790:World War II
3763:
3727:water boards
3724:
3705:
3670:
3639:
3582:
3571:
3526:
3510:trade unions
3505:
3499:
3495:
3475:
3460:
3445:
3434:, currently
3427:
3425:
3417:
3277:conservative
3270:centre-right
3226:Democrats 66
3165:Labour Party
3123:
3080:
3071:
3056:Please help
3044:
3011:
3004:
2991:Eerste Kamer
2990:
2983:Tweede Kamer
2982:
2976:
2950:
2884:
2844:Mona Keijzer
2827:
2795:Minister of
2756:Public works
2742:
2636:
2604:Minister of
2575:Emancipation
2567:Trade unions
2535:
2447:
2398:Marechaussee
2352:Armed forces
2346:
2318:Minister of
2291:
2261:Minister of
2225:Space Office
2205:Space policy
2174:
2123:
2103:Ministry of
2095:and Security
2020:
2000:Ministry of
1986:Eelco Heinen
1929:
1903:Minister of
1846:
1795:Safety Board
1785:Intelligence
1757:
1667:
1585:(1994–2002)
1566:Ruud Lubbers
1550:Piet de Jong
1534:Willem Drees
1427:
1410:
1402:
1400:
1380:
1360:
1354:
1344:, while the
1339:
1316:
1312:Dutch Revolt
1304:stadtholders
1293:
1273:
1262:criminal law
1249:
1239:
1231:
1217:
1211:
1195:
1183:Sint Maarten
1152:
1141:
1132:Constitution
1093:
923:Water boards
770:Provincial:
758:
642:Martin Bosma
575:Mona Keijzer
456:Human rights
448:
437:Constitution
413:
404:Part of the
336:Headquarters
253:
244:
179:Martin Bosma
80:Constitution
37:
26:
6597:Isle of Man
6532:recognition
6479:Switzerland
6414:Netherlands
6163:Terminology
6111:Pornography
5852:Enforcement
5842:Immigration
5815:Health care
5795:Drug policy
5674:Earthquakes
5669:Delta Works
5530:Renaissance
5436:Cananefates
5387:Netherlands
5277:Lubbers III
5262:Van Agt III
5162:Gerbrandy I
4992:Thorbecke I
4541:19 December
4515:19 December
4203:Afghanistan
4094:Pim Fortuyn
3931:(VVD), the
3770:Netherlands
3731:groundwater
3716:gezaghebber
3648:policy and
3401:Pim Fortuyn
3383:Volt Europa
3251:agrarianism
3234:centre-left
3169:centre-left
2924: [
2898:Food safety
2894:Food policy
2775: [
2706:Eppo Bruins
2589: [
2499:Fleur Agema
2453:Health care
2052:Drug policy
1961:Regulations
1805:PKIoverheid
1719:Dick Schoof
1710: [
1682:Information
1617:(2010–2024)
1601:(2002–2010)
1569:(1982–1994)
1553:(1967–1971)
1537:(1948–1958)
1519:(1925–1926;
1503:(1913–1918)
1487:(1901–1905)
1469:(1874–1877;
1449:(1849–1853;
1381:informateur
1118:Netherlands
1096:Netherlands
933:BES islands
900:Politicians
861:Referendums
797:Municipal:
560:Fleur Agema
548:Dick Schoof
511:St. Maarten
380:Chief judge
340:Inner Court
265:Dick Schoof
159:Lower house
128:Upper house
121:Inner Court
64:Polity type
6449:San Marino
6409:Montenegro
6389:Luxembourg
6369:Kazakhstan
6272:Azerbaijan
6086:Literature
6076:Irreligion
5884:Parliament
5810:Euthanasia
5785:Corruption
5555:Golden Age
5272:Lubbers II
5257:Van Agt II
5157:De Geer II
5142:Colijn III
5097:De Meester
4871:Ministries
4764:Government
4683:(in Dutch)
4660:14 October
4326:References
4272:Mark Rutte
4152:referendum
4144:healthcare
4048:euthanasia
4029:Since 1994
4023:GroenLinks
4001:The Dutch
3964:right-wing
3854:See also:
3834:euthanasia
3743:waterworks
3741:and other
3701:stadsdelen
3650:recreation
3428:ex officio
3365:euthanasia
3161:GroenLinks
3147:anti-Islam
3116:(D66) and
2971:Ridderzaal
2943:and Nature
2864:and Nature
2663:Innovation
2545:Employment
2403:Coastguard
1948:Tax policy
1626:Ministries
1614:Mark Rutte
1521:1933–1939)
1471:1883–1888)
1453:1871–1872)
1451:1862–1866,
1411:Trêveszaal
1361:ex officio
1274:ex officio
957:Minister:
824:European:
582:Ministries
346:Ministries
227:Hereditary
6587:Gibraltar
6384:Lithuania
6081:Languages
5980:Transport
5930:AEX index
5874:Provinces
5857:Law Firms
5805:Elections
5800:Education
5729:Volcanoes
5689:Gas field
5647:Geography
5419:Roman Era
5322:Rutte III
5267:Lubbers I
5252:Van Agt I
5202:Drees III
5147:Colijn IV
5137:Colijn II
5127:De Geer I
5007:Rochussen
4817:Ministers
4791:Ministers
4773:Ministers
4757:Structure
4696:' by the
4510:0261-3077
4276:elections
4255:In 2019,
4142:reforms,
3975:1966–1994
3956:left-wing
3945:Roman/Red
3906:socialist
3873:1800–1966
3697:Rotterdam
3693:Amsterdam
3673:education
3329:left-wing
3298:party, a
3296:communist
3264:(CDA), a
3228:(D66), a
3210:(NSC), a
3188:(VVD), a
3137:(PVV), a
3045:does not
2999:The Hague
2995:Binnenhof
2902:Fisheries
2878:en Natuur
2748:Transport
2393:Air Force
2048:Legal aid
1776:Elections
1415:Binnenhof
1126:consensus
731:General:
719:Elections
677:Judiciary
607:President
394:The Hague
328:Appointer
271:Appointer
261:Currently
223:Appointer
213:Currently
111:Bicameral
6638:Category
6607:Svalbard
6592:Guernsey
6539:Abkhazia
6509:Scotland
6464:Slovenia
6459:Slovakia
6434:Portugal
6292:Bulgaria
6191:Category
6126:Religion
6039:Cannabis
5955:Taxation
5945:Euronext
5899:Military
5765:Abortion
5753:Politics
5510:Guelders
5493:Flanders
5459:Dorestad
5450:Frisians
5327:Rutte IV
5317:Rutte II
5227:Zijlstra
5217:Marijnen
5197:Drees II
5152:Colijn V
5122:Colijn I
4971:Cabinets
4771:and the
4587:BBC News
4561:BBC News
4483:52849131
4100:(Dutch:
4044:abortion
3981:babyboom
3887:republic
3830:abortion
3800:and the
3733:levels,
3454:and the
3361:abortion
3163:and the
2985:) and a
2911:Forestry
2752:Aviation
2659:Research
1881:Diaspora
1677:Planning
1642:Minister
1634:Agencies
1403:regering
1375:after a
1327:Napoleon
1296:monarchy
1280:Monarchy
1206:treaties
1191:federate
982:Passport
469:Monarchy
254:de facto
6499:England
6489:Ukraine
6439:Romania
6399:Moldova
6357:Ireland
6352:Iceland
6347:Hungary
6337:Germany
6332:Georgia
6322:Finland
6317:Estonia
6312:Denmark
6297:Croatia
6282:Belgium
6277:Belarus
6267:Austria
6262:Armenia
6257:Andorra
6252:Albania
6182:Outline
6136:Symbols
6049:Cuisine
6017:Culture
5988:Cycling
5965:Tourism
5918:Economy
5864:Monarch
5770:Cabinet
5714:Regions
5704:Mammals
5694:Islands
5506:Brabant
5497:Holland
5463:Utrecht
5428:Chamavi
5406:History
5312:Rutte I
5247:Den Uyl
5232:De Jong
5212:De Quay
5207:Beel II
5192:Drees I
5087:Pierson
4922:Defence
4897:Finance
4836:Process
4811:Cabinet
4769:Monarch
4619:27 July
4446:27 June
4436:MSN Now
4110:cabinet
4033:In the
3768:of the
3735:polders
3556:VNO-NCW
3285:statism
3112:(VVD),
3104:(CDA),
3066:removed
3051:sources
2743:I&W
2474:Welfare
2214:Tourism
2124:A&M
2021:J&V
1877:Benelux
1582:Wim Kok
1413:at the
1387:Cabinet
1187:Statute
1179:Curaçao
1163:Bonaire
638:Speaker
531:Cabinet
506:Curaçao
444:Charter
331:Monarch
280:Cabinet
274:Monarch
245:de jure
68:Unitary
6602:Jersey
6544:Kosovo
6484:Turkey
6474:Sweden
6454:Serbia
6444:Russia
6429:Poland
6424:Norway
6404:Monaco
6374:Latvia
6342:Greece
6327:France
6302:Cyprus
6196:Portal
6141:Anthem
6106:People
6044:Cinema
5940:Energy
5719:Rivers
5664:Cities
5454:Franks
5446:Saxons
5432:Batavi
5424:Frisii
5332:Schoof
5287:Kok II
5182:Beel I
5092:Kuyper
5072:Mackay
4613:nos.nl
4593:18 May
4567:4 June
4508:
4481:
4471:
4416:3 July
4367:
4298:. The
4235:50PLUS
4077:, the
4073:, the
4069:, the
4065:, the
4050:, and
3891:France
3866:, and
3749:Policy
3646:health
3323:is an
3300:maoist
3266:centre
3230:centre
3145:, and
3108:(GL),
2987:Senate
2973:, 2013
2197:Mining
1421:. The
1202:review
1116:. The
602:Senate
310:Leader
138:Senate
6577:Åland
6514:Wales
6469:Spain
6394:Malta
6364:Italy
6131:Sport
6096:Music
6091:Media
5699:Lakes
5659:Birds
5282:Kok I
5082:Röell
4394:7 May
3900:with
3739:dikes
3712:Dutch
3176:green
3129:are:
2928:]
2870:Dutch
2815:Dutch
2779:]
2730:Dutch
2680:Media
2624:Dutch
2593:]
2523:Dutch
2483:Sport
2435:Dutch
2336:Dutch
2279:Dutch
2201:Trade
2168:Zaken
2162:Dutch
2111:Dutch
2008:Dutch
1919:Dutch
1834:Dutch
1745:Dutch
1714:]
1655:Dutch
1175:Aruba
1144:civil
1098:is a
501:Aruba
240:Title
203:Title
42:Dutch
6156:Lion
6151:Flag
6054:Wine
5835:LGBT
5222:Cals
4823:and
4662:2023
4621:2023
4595:2021
4569:2021
4543:2023
4517:2023
4506:ISSN
4479:OCLC
4469:ISBN
4448:2013
4418:2021
4396:2018
4365:ISBN
4361:1–40
4217:, a
4059:NATO
3832:and
3798:NATO
3784:and
3764:The
3695:and
3679:and
3634:and
3613:the
3606:the
3587:the
3576:and
3551:the
3538:the
3522:PBOs
3512:and
3397:JA21
3389:and
3367:and
3355:The
3344:The
3319:The
3314:DENK
3290:The
3260:The
3253:and
3241:LGBT
3184:The
3133:The
3120:(SP)
3049:any
3047:cite
2885:LVVN
2388:Navy
2383:Army
1873:NATO
1728:and
1395:and
1288:and
1181:and
1171:Saba
1169:and
1146:and
1105:. A
1094:The
880:2018
875:2016
870:2005
851:2024
846:2019
841:2014
836:2009
831:2004
826:1999
814:2022
809:2018
804:2014
799:2010
787:2023
782:2019
777:2015
772:2011
759:Next
753:2023
748:2021
743:2017
738:2012
733:2010
542:list
476:King
390:Seat
363:Name
286:Name
165:Name
134:Name
107:Type
97:Name
6034:Art
5847:Law
4536:CNN
3268:to
3232:to
3220:CDA
3198:D66
3060:by
2997:in
2937:as
2848:as
2828:VRO
2793:as
2710:as
2668:Art
2637:OCW
2602:as
2536:SZW
2503:as
2448:VWS
2417:as
2347:DEF
2316:as
2292:KGG
2259:as
2144:as
2091:as
1990:as
1930:FIN
1901:as
1814:as
1758:BZK
1723:as
1348:is
1161:of
6640::
5508:,
5499:,
5495:,
5461:,
5452:,
5448:,
5434:,
5430:,
5426:,
4638:.
4611:.
4585:.
4559:.
4534:.
4504:.
4500:.
4477:.
4434:.
4387:.
4363:.
4333:^
4317:.
4310:.
4263:)
4162:.
4061:.
4046:,
3862:,
3858:,
3828:,
3824:,
3820:,
3808:.
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3780:,
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3675:,
3644:,
3480:,
3458:.
3423:.
3363:,
3141:,
2926:nl
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2913:•
2909:•
2904:•
2900:•
2896:•
2892:•
2872::
2835:•
2817::
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