Knowledge

Government of Texas

Source πŸ“

889:. The county judge does not have authority to veto a decision of the commissioners court; the judge votes along with the commissioners (being the tie-breaker in close calls). In smaller counties, the county judge actually does perform judicial duties, but in larger counties the judge's role is limited to serving on the commissioners court and certifying elections. Certain officials, such as the sheriff and tax collector, are elected separately by the voters, but the commissioners court determines their office budgets, and sets overall county policy. All county elections are partisan. The Commissioners Courts in Texas are served and provided continued education by the County Judges and Commissioners Association events and the official association publication County Progress. 514: 904: 535: 493: 946:". A city may elect home rule status (i.e., draft an independent city charter) once it exceeds 5,000 population and the voters agree to home rule. Otherwise, it is classified as general law and has very limited powers. Larger cities (those exceeding 225,000) have a unique authority: that of "limited annexation", whereby an adjoining area may be annexed for purposes of imposing city ordinances related to safety and building codes. The residents can vote for mayor and council races but cannot vote in bond elections (and, consequently, the city cannot directly collect city 451: 556: 472: 745:
sessions are known as called or special sessions and are reserved for legislation that the Governor deems critically important in the conduct of state affairs. Called sessions are limited to a period of 30 days, during which the legislature is permitted to pass laws only on subjects submitted by the governor in calling for the session. Unlike other states, only the Governor may call the Legislature into special sessions (and may do so as often as desired); the Legislature lacks the power to call itself into special session.
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Unlike other states, Texas does not allow for consolidated city-county governments. Cities and counties (as well as other political entities) are permitted to enter "interlocal agreements" to share services (for instance, a city and a school district may enter into agreements with the county whereby
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than the governor. The governor commands the state militia and can veto bills passed by the Legislature and call special sessions of the Legislature (this power is exclusive to the governor and can be exercised as often as desired). The governor also appoints members of various executive boards and
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system which limits the power of the Governor. Except for the Secretary of State, all executive officers are elected independently, making them directly answerable to the public, not the Governor. Although elected statewide, the executive department does not include Railroad Commissioners nor the
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The executive branch also includes several boards and commissions that are constituted through a mixture of elections and gubernatorial appointments confirmed by the Senate. Even with the Governor appointing several members of boards and commissions, the overall effect is a sprawling network of
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administrative bodies that neither the Governor nor the Legislature are able to coordinate or completely control. The Governor appoints the directors of a handful of state agencies, and the Governor exercises direct authority over these offices. Most state agencies are headquartered in Austin.
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Texas does not have townships; areas within a county are either incorporated or unincorporated. Incorporated areas are part of a city, though the city may contract with the county for needed services. Unincorporated areas are not part of a city; in these areas the county has authority for law
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The legislature convenes its regular sessions at noon on the second Tuesday in January of odd-numbered years. The maximum duration of a regular session is 140 days. The Governor is given authority under the state constitution to convene the legislature at other times during the biennium. Such
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in the sense that candidates do not appear on the ballot on party lines, and do not run as party tickets. However, a candidate's party affiliation is usually known or can be discerned with minimal effort (as the candidate most likely has supported other candidates on partisan tickets).
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Partly because of many elected officials, the governor's powers are quite limited in comparison to other state governors or the U.S. President. In popular lore and belief the lieutenant governor, who heads the Senate and appoints its committees, has more
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The Municipal Courts are the most active courts, with the County and District Courts handling most other cases and often sharing the same buildings. Administration is the responsibility of the Supreme Court, which is aided by the
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Other special districts include Groundwater Conservation Districts (regulatory agencies), river authorities, water supply districts (for irrigation or municipal supply), public hospitals, road districts and community colleges.
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have zoning power (except for limited instances). However, counties can collect a small portion of property tax and spend it to provide residents with needed services or to employ the power of
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to control and direct the activities of state government and the strong constitutional connections between it and the Lieutenant Governor, but also due to Texas's plural executive.
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contains proposed rules, notices, executive orders, and other information of general use to the public and is published weekly by the Secretary of State.
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fills judicial vacancies between elections. All members of the executive branch are elected statewide except for the Secretary of State (appointed).
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The judicial system of Texas has a reputation as one of the most complex in the United States, with many layers and many overlapping jurisdictions.
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presides over the House, and the Lieutenant Governor presides over the Senate. It is a powerful arm of the Texas government not only because of its
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enforcement and road maintenance. Their local ordinances, rules, and police regulations are usually codified in a "code of ordinances".
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contains the compiled and indexed regulations of Texas state agencies and is published yearly by the Secretary of State. The
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Kraemer, Richard (2009). "Texas Politics, 10th edition". chapter 2, page 48. HEINLE Cengage.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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Texas has a total of 254 counties, by far the largest number of counties of any state.
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Counties in Texas have limited regulatory (ordinance) authority. Counties in Texas do
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the county bills for and collects property taxes for the city and school district).
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The William B. Travis State Office Building in Downtown Austin
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Rathjen, Frederick (April 1957). "The Texas State House".
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In addition to cities and counties, Texas has numerous
1010: 1285: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1044:United States congressional delegations from Texas 942:Cities are classified as either "general law" or " 2879: 1413:Quarles, Brandon D.; Cordon, Matthew C. (2003). 1224: 1156: 881:consisting of four commissioners elected from 2525: 2172: 1515: 1439: 1412: 1212: 1200: 714:The House of Representatives Chamber in the 1375:County Judges and Commissioners Association 758:; most, but not all, of these statutes are 2532: 2518: 2179: 2165: 1650:National Register of Historic Places Sites 1522: 1508: 1261: 1416:Legal Research for the Texas Practitioner 1269:State of Texas v. West Publishing Company 1106: 813:Texas has two courts of last resort: the 620:The executive department consists of the 956: 902: 855: 797: 709: 671: 406: 1419:. Wm. S. Hein Publishing. p. 225. 1340: 1067: 638:Commissioner of the General Land Office 2893:State governments of the United States 2880: 2188:State governments of the United States 1232:Guide to Texas Legislative Information 1061: 2513: 2160: 1503: 1317:"Texas Politics - the Justice System" 1297:from the original on 14 December 2015 420:The statewide elected officials are: 16:Government of the U.S. state of Texas 1471:Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts 975: 877:Each county is run by a five-member 827:Texas Office of Court Administration 18: 999:governs public education in Texas. 987:The most common is the independent 840: 817:, which hears civil cases, and the 400:" holding aloft a five-point Texas 13: 1529: 1078:(4). American Heritage Publishing. 396:and is topped by a statue of the " 14: 2904: 2540:Statewide political officials of 1655:Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks 1449: 1071:Southwestern Historical Quarterly 967:Municipal elections in Texas are 847:Administrative divisions of Texas 661: 2571: 2140: 1402:from the original on 2017-07-09. 1382:from the original on 2017-08-12. 1257:from the original on 2013-11-18. 1013: 596: 575: 554: 533: 512: 491: 470: 449: 428: 366:, as well as governments at the 67: 23: 1406: 1386: 1366: 1309: 819:Texas Court of Criminal Appeals 1395:Texas County Progress Magazine 1279: 1218: 1082: 780:(sometimes referred to as the 752:are published in the official 727:Texas House of Representatives 699: 634:Comptroller of Public Accounts 1: 1176:University of Texas at Austin 1118:University of Texas at Austin 1054: 392:, but is faced in Texas pink 380:is the capital of Texas. The 919: 787: 668:List of Texas state agencies 415: 7: 1645:National Historic Landmarks 1490:Texas Government Newsletter 1291:"Historical Texas Statutes" 1006: 729:has 150 members, while the 10: 2909: 1094:statutes.capitol.texas.gov 923: 867: 844: 791: 777:Code of Criminal Procedure 703: 665: 649:Agriculture Commissioner. 2818:Court of Criminal Appeals 2816: 2757: 2717: 2674: 2580: 2569: 2548: 2469: 2455: 2194: 2136: 2129:List of counties in Texas 2119: 1907: 1759: 1693: 1553: 1541: 1440:Quarles & Cordon 2003 1276: (5th Cir. 1989). 1240:Texas Legislative Council 1227:Texas Legislative Council 1225:Research Division of the 1213:Quarles & Cordon 2003 1201:Quarles & Cordon 2003 1049:Women in Texas government 930:Government of San Antonio 870:List of counties in Texas 851: 721:The Texas Legislature is 687:Texas Administrative Code 322: 312: 305: 295: 285: 278: 268: 258: 248: 241: 231: 221: 211: 200: 193: 182: 172: 165: 154: 144: 137: 127: 117: 107: 100: 90: 80: 66: 57: 32:This article needs to be 2649:Agriculture Commissioner 2489:Northern Mariana Islands 1168:"The Executive Branch". 950:from businesses or city 755:General and Special Laws 547:Agriculture Commissioner 177:House of Representatives 85:United States of America 1485:Texas Politics Textbook 1287:Texas State Law Library 911:Administration Building 883:single-member districts 2666:Railroad Commissioners 1354:Cite journal requires 1144:Cite journal requires 1120:. 2005. Archived from 1114:"The Plural Executive" 997:Texas Education Agency 964: 912: 865: 831:Texas Judicial Council 807: 765:Revised Civil Statutes 718: 677: 412: 307:Supreme Court of Texas 2748:Trey Martinez Fischer 2738:, Speaker pro tempore 2697:President pro tempore 1478:recipient profile on 960: 926:Government of Houston 906: 859: 801: 713: 675: 666:Further information: 644:. Texas has a plural 610:Railroad Commissioner 589:Railroad Commissioner 568:Railroad Commissioner 410: 386:United States Capitol 343:Constitution of Texas 95:Constitution of Texas 1462:Texas State Statutes 1274:882 F.2d 171 934:Government of Dallas 879:Commissioners' Court 735:Speaker of the House 2888:Government of Texas 2603:Lieutenant Governor 2499:U.S. Virgin Islands 1680:Tourist attractions 1215:, pp. 302–304. 815:Texas Supreme Court 716:Texas State Capitol 626:Lieutenant Governor 463:Lieutenant Governor 411:Texas State Capitol 360:presidential system 341:operates under the 273:Texas State Capitol 263:Lieutenant Governor 132:Texas State Capitol 60:Government of Texas 2862:Michelle Slaughter 2693:Charles Schwertner 2612:Secretary of State 1784:Blackland Prairies 1034:Elections in Texas 965: 913: 866: 835:State Bar of Texas 808: 794:Judiciary of Texas 739:power of the purse 719: 678: 630:Secretary of State 413: 398:Goddess of Liberty 358:operating under a 345:and consists of a 290:Judiciary of Texas 102:Legislative branch 2875: 2874: 2828:, Presiding Judge 2750:, Minority Leader 2744:, Majority Leader 2710:, Minority Leader 2704:, Majority Leader 2640:Land Commissioner 2507: 2506: 2154: 2153: 1869:Rio Grande Valley 1495:Handbook of Texas 1124:on April 18, 2008 1029:Politics of Texas 982:special districts 976:Special districts 837:(the Texas Bar). 706:Texas Legislature 526:Land Commissioner 332: 331: 183:Presiding officer 155:Presiding officer 53: 52: 2900: 2658:Christi Craddick 2622:Attorney General 2582:State government 2575: 2574: 2534: 2527: 2520: 2511: 2510: 2463:Washington, D.C. 2457:Federal district 2181: 2174: 2167: 2158: 2157: 2147:Texas portal 2145: 2144: 2143: 1524: 1517: 1510: 1501: 1500: 1458:official website 1443: 1437: 1431: 1430: 1410: 1404: 1403: 1390: 1384: 1383: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1357: 1352: 1350: 1342: 1338: 1332: 1331: 1329: 1328: 1319:. Archived from 1313: 1307: 1306: 1304: 1302: 1283: 1277: 1271: 1265: 1259: 1258: 1256: 1237: 1222: 1216: 1210: 1204: 1198: 1192: 1191: 1189: 1187: 1178:. Archived from 1165: 1154: 1153: 1147: 1142: 1140: 1132: 1130: 1129: 1110: 1104: 1103: 1101: 1100: 1086: 1080: 1079: 1065: 1023: 1018: 1017: 1016: 962:Dallas City Hall 841:Local government 646:executive branch 642:Attorney General 600: 579: 562:Christi Craddick 558: 537: 516: 495: 484:Attorney General 474: 453: 432: 390:Washington, D.C. 195:Executive branch 71: 55: 54: 48: 45: 39: 27: 26: 19: 2908: 2907: 2903: 2902: 2901: 2899: 2898: 2897: 2878: 2877: 2876: 2871: 2837:Bert Richardson 2812: 2798:Jeffrey S. Boyd 2773:Jimmy Blacklock 2769:, Chief Justice 2753: 2713: 2670: 2654:Wayne Christian 2636:Dawn Buckingham 2576: 2572: 2567: 2544: 2538: 2508: 2503: 2465: 2451: 2190: 2185: 2155: 2150: 2141: 2139: 2132: 2115: 2010:Greater Houston 1961:College Station 1910: 1903: 1874:Southeast Texas 1839:Northeast Texas 1824:Golden Triangle 1819:Edwards Plateau 1755: 1689: 1549: 1537: 1528: 1480:USAspending.gov 1469:website of the 1452: 1447: 1446: 1438: 1434: 1427: 1411: 1407: 1392: 1391: 1387: 1372: 1371: 1367: 1355: 1353: 1344: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1326: 1324: 1315: 1314: 1310: 1300: 1298: 1284: 1280: 1267: 1266: 1262: 1254: 1235: 1223: 1219: 1211: 1207: 1199: 1195: 1185: 1183: 1182:on 9 April 2014 1167: 1166: 1157: 1145: 1143: 1134: 1133: 1127: 1125: 1112: 1111: 1107: 1098: 1096: 1088: 1087: 1083: 1066: 1062: 1057: 1019: 1014: 1012: 1009: 989:school district 978: 936: 922: 872: 854: 849: 843: 796: 790: 708: 702: 670: 664: 618: 617: 616: 613: 607: 601: 592: 586: 583:Wayne Christian 580: 571: 565: 559: 550: 544: 538: 529: 523: 520:Dawn Buckingham 517: 508: 502: 496: 487: 481: 475: 466: 460: 454: 445: 439: 433: 418: 300:Courts of Texas 280:Judicial branch 76: 62: 49: 43: 40: 37: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2906: 2896: 2895: 2890: 2873: 2872: 2870: 2869: 2864: 2859: 2857:Barbara Hervey 2854: 2849: 2844: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2822: 2820: 2814: 2813: 2811: 2810: 2805: 2803:J. Brett Busby 2800: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2783:John P. Devine 2780: 2778:Debra Lehrmann 2775: 2770: 2763: 2761: 2755: 2754: 2752: 2751: 2745: 2739: 2733: 2723: 2721: 2715: 2714: 2712: 2711: 2708:Carol Alvarado 2705: 2699: 2690: 2680: 2678: 2672: 2671: 2669: 2668: 2651: 2642: 2633: 2624: 2615: 2605: 2596: 2586: 2584: 2578: 2577: 2570: 2568: 2566: 2565: 2560: 2554: 2552: 2546: 2545: 2537: 2536: 2529: 2522: 2514: 2505: 2504: 2502: 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2479:American Samoa 2475: 2473: 2467: 2466: 2461: 2459: 2453: 2452: 2450: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2399: 2397:South Carolina 2394: 2389: 2384: 2379: 2374: 2369: 2364: 2362:North Carolina 2359: 2354: 2349: 2344: 2339: 2334: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2309: 2304: 2299: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2279: 2274: 2269: 2264: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2219: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2198: 2196: 2192: 2191: 2184: 2183: 2176: 2169: 2161: 2152: 2151: 2137: 2134: 2133: 2125: 2123: 2117: 2116: 2114: 2113: 2108: 2103: 2098: 2093: 2088: 2083: 2074: 2065: 2060: 2055: 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1105: 1081: 1059: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1025: 1024: 1008: 1005: 991:, which (with 977: 974: 954:from owners). 921: 918: 898:eminent domain 853: 850: 845:Main article: 842: 839: 792:Main article: 789: 786: 782:Texas Statutes 704:Main article: 701: 698: 693:Texas Register 663: 662:State agencies 660: 615: 614: 602: 595: 593: 581: 574: 572: 560: 553: 551: 539: 532: 530: 518: 511: 509: 497: 490: 488: 476: 469: 467: 455: 448: 446: 434: 427: 424: 423: 422: 417: 414: 384:resembles the 362:that uses the 336:government of 330: 329: 324: 320: 319: 314: 310: 309: 303: 302: 297: 293: 292: 287: 283: 282: 276: 275: 270: 266: 265: 260: 256: 255: 250: 246: 245: 239: 238: 233: 229: 228: 223: 219: 218: 213: 209: 208: 198: 197: 191: 190: 184: 180: 179: 174: 170: 169: 163: 162: 156: 152: 151: 146: 142: 141: 135: 134: 129: 125: 124: 119: 115: 114: 109: 105: 104: 98: 97: 92: 88: 87: 82: 78: 77: 72: 64: 63: 58: 51: 50: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2905: 2894: 2891: 2889: 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2454: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2437:West Virginia 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2383: 2380: 2378: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2350: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2342:New Hampshire 2340: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2320: 2318: 2315: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2302:Massachusetts 2300: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2213: 2210: 2208: 2205: 2203: 2200: 2199: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2182: 2177: 2175: 2170: 2168: 2163: 2162: 2159: 2149: 2148: 2135: 2131: 2130: 2124: 2122: 2118: 2112: 2111:Wichita Falls 2109: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2072:New Braunfels 2069: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2056: 2054: 2051: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2007: 2003: 2002:The Woodlands 1999: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1944: 1941: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1906: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1859:Permian Basin 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1809:Cross Timbers 1807: 1805: 1804:Concho Valley 1802: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1794:Central Texas 1792: 1790: 1789:Brazos Valley 1787: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1764: 1762: 1758: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1698: 1696: 1692: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1661: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1643: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 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909:Harris County 905: 901: 899: 895: 890: 888: 884: 880: 875: 871: 863: 860:A map of the 858: 848: 838: 836: 832: 828: 822: 820: 816: 811: 805: 804:Supreme Court 800: 795: 785: 783: 779: 778: 773: 772: 767: 766: 761: 757: 756: 751: 746: 742: 740: 736: 732: 728: 724: 717: 712: 707: 697: 695: 694: 689: 688: 682: 674: 669: 659: 656: 650: 647: 643: 639: 635: 631: 627: 623: 612: 611: 605: 599: 594: 591: 590: 584: 578: 573: 570: 569: 563: 557: 552: 549: 548: 542: 536: 531: 528: 527: 521: 515: 510: 507: 506: 500: 494: 489: 486: 485: 479: 473: 468: 465: 464: 458: 452: 447: 444: 443: 437: 431: 426: 425: 421: 409: 405: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 382:State Capitol 379: 375: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 354: 351: 348: 344: 340: 339: 328: 325: 321: 318: 315: 311: 308: 304: 301: 298: 294: 291: 288: 284: 281: 277: 274: 271: 267: 264: 261: 259:Deputy leader 257: 254: 251: 247: 244: 240: 237: 234: 230: 227: 224: 220: 217: 214: 210: 207: 203: 202:Head of state 199: 196: 192: 188: 185: 181: 178: 175: 171: 168: 164: 160: 157: 153: 150: 147: 143: 140: 136: 133: 130: 128:Meeting place 126: 123: 120: 116: 113: 110: 106: 103: 99: 96: 93: 89: 86: 83: 79: 75: 74:Seal of Texas 70: 65: 61: 56: 47: 35: 30: 21: 20: 2867:David Newell 2847:Scott Walker 2767:Nathan Hecht 2581: 2494:Puerto Rico 2411: 2402:South Dakota 2392:Rhode Island 2387:Pennsylvania 2367:North Dakota 2138: 2126: 2106:Wagner Creek 1909:Metropolitan 1879:South Plains 1849:Osage Plains 1829:Hill Country 1799:Coastal Bend 1741:Homelessness 1716:Demographics 1592: 1568:Architecture 1543: 1467:Transparency 1435: 1415: 1408: 1394: 1388: 1374: 1368: 1347:cite journal 1336: 1325:. 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Index


Seal of Texas
United States of America
Constitution of Texas
Legislative branch
Legislature
Bicameral
Texas State Capitol
Upper house
Senate
Dan Patrick
Lower house
House of Representatives
Dade Phelan
Executive branch
Head of state
government
Governor
Greg Abbott
Election
Cabinet
Governor
Lieutenant Governor
Texas State Capitol
Judicial branch
Judiciary of Texas
Courts of Texas
Supreme Court of Texas
Nathan Hecht
Austin

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

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