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582:, as well as an economic crisis within the country, Benin adopted a new constitution in 1990 in order to open up and liberalise the political system and economy. Its chief aims are to enshrine in law accountability, transparency, freedom of religion, freedom of the press, separation of governmental powers, the right to strike, universal suffrage (at age 18) and independence of the
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Additionally, state employees are poorly paid, which makes them susceptible to bribery and corruption. There are unresolved issues with many pre-constitution laws which contradict the constitution. Many of the older laws derive from French legal norms as France was the former colonial power. Critics have also complained that the constitution makes no mention of the
726:
During the 2001 presidential elections, alleged irregularities led to a boycott of the run-off poll by the main opposition candidates. The four top-ranking contenders following the first round of presidential elections were
Mathieu Kérékou (incumbent) 45.4%, Nicephore Soglo (former president) 27.1%,
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principles. The
Revolutionary Party of the People of Benin (PRPB) remained in complete power until the beginning of the 1990s. Kérékou, encouraged by France and other democratic powers, convened a National Conference that introduced a new democratic constitution and held presidential and legislative
588:
These developments have created economic growth in Benin, but some of the bold ideals of the constitution have yet to be fully realised. Lack of accountability and transparency, failure to separate the judiciary from the political system, and high levels of illiteracy are the main stumbling blocks.
755:
in the first round of voting, he won the second round with 65% of the vote. Talon said that he would "first and foremost tackle constitutional reform", discussing his plan to limit presidents to a single term of five years in order to combat "complacency". He also said that he planned to slash the
706:
of Benin - the primary legislative body. Deputies are elected every four years, in contrast to the five-year term of the president. There are 109 available seats. It exercises the legislative power and oversight authority over
Government action. Members of the army are not allowed to stand unless
735:(Minister of State) 8.6%. The second round balloting, originally scheduled for March 18, 2001, was postponed for days because both Soglo and Houngbédji withdrew, alleging electoral fraud. This left Kérékou to run against his own Minister of State, Amoussou, in what was termed a "friendly match".
565:
to a pluralistic political system. In the second round of
National Assembly elections held in March 1995, Soglo's political vehicle, the Parti de la Renaissance du Benin, was the largest single party, but it lacked an overall majority. The success of a party formed by supporters of ex-president
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were the colonial power from 1892 to 1960, when independence was finally achieved. Between 1960 and 1972, a series of military coups in Benin (known until 1975 as the
Republic of Dahomey) brought about many changes of government. The last of these brought Major
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were held in March 2006; with both Kérékou and Soglo constitutionally unable to stand, political newcomer Yayi Boni was elected, defeating Houngbédji in a second round of voting. Yayi Boni and his parliamentary allies also won the elections of 2011.
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Since being written, the constitution has been translated into eight of the national languages of Benin. Broadcasts on local radio stations, in both in urban and rural areas, have publicised the constitution across the country.
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was not constitutionally permitted to run for re-election since he had already served two terms and was over 70 years old. Despite speculation, this was not changed and he stood down after the election of his successor,
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is under the authority of the
President, and serves to advise and help formulate strategies. It also liaises with ministries and other government institutions. The Beninese government's website has a
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The
President of Benin is elected for a five-year term. An individual can serve only two terms, whether successive or separated. Election is by absolute majority, after a second round if necessary.
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This institution guarantees the freedom of the press and access to the media. It is also charged with ensuring all citizens have access to official information.
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size of the government from 28 to 16 members. He was sworn in on 6 April 2016. The composition of his government was announced later in the day.
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Kérékou, who had officially retired from active politics, encouraged him to stand successfully at both the 1996 and 2001 presidential elections.
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has the highest level of jurisdiction in legal matters. It is designed as a check on the executive, and also acts in a consultative role. The
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allows private citizens to challenge the government. This has been used particularly in cases of workplace discrimination. The
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Minister
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is independent of the executive and the legislature. The current political system is derived from the 1990
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Thus, Benin was the first
African country to successfully complete the transition from
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558:. Supporters of Soglo also secured a majority in the National Assembly.
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1053:"Newly-elected Benin president aims to reduce presidential terms"
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Between the ages of 40 and 70 on the date of his or her candidacy
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Beninese by birth, or have had
Beninese nationality for 10 years
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From the 17th century until the colonial period, the Kingdom of
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719:. An overview on elections and election results is included in
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs and African Integration (Benin)
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and the subsequent transition to democracy in 1991. The
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Declared mentally and physically fit by three doctors
545:to power as the head of a regime professing strict
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs and African Integration
59:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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578:and the resultant lack of donor support from the
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747:. Although he finished second to Prime Minister
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743:Talon ran as an independent candidate in the
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1065:"Businessman sworn in as Benin's president"
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707:they resign from their military position.
525:The President of Benin from 2006 to 2016,
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119:Learn how and when to remove this message
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780:Audiovisual and Communication Authority
731:(National Assembly Speaker) 12.6%, and
591:right to an adequate standard of living
574:Spurred in part by the collapse of the
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1969:
1943:
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1017:Democracy Index 2023: Age of Conflict
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57:adding citations to reliable sources
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753:Cowry Forces for an Emerging Benin
717:List of political parties in Benin
659:Resident in Benin during elections
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715:For other political parties, see
459:take place in the framework of a
2270:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
2040:Democratic Republic of the Congo
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745:March 2016 presidential election
489:is exercised by the government.
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737:The next presidential elections
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44:needs additional citations for
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1055:, Reuters, 26 March 2016.
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1067:, Reuters, 6 April 2016.
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68:"Politics of Benin"
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58:
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42:This article
40:
36:
31:
30:
27:
19:
2335:Saint Helena
2306:
2210:South Africa
2200:Sierra Leone
2005:Burkina Faso
1994:
1889:Prostitution
1851:Demographics
1748:Trade unions
1638:Human rights
1618:Constitution
1605:
1535:Kérékou coup
1060:
1048:
1037:. Retrieved
1023:
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947:(regional),
791:
783:
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769:
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742:
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697:
677:
665:
648:
645:
595:
587:
576:Soviet Union
573:
570:Constitution
563:dictatorship
560:
531:
481:, and of a
461:presidential
456:
454:
166:Human rights
159:Constitution
135:
115:
109:October 2017
106:
96:
89:
82:
75:
63:
51:Please help
46:verification
43:
26:
2262:recognition
2215:South Sudan
2105:Ivory Coast
1834:Paralympics
1715:Agriculture
1648:LGBT rights
1587:Departments
1401:Referendums
636:Independent
513:" in 2022.
392:Visa policy
262:Departments
2317:(Portugal)
2275:Somaliland
2195:Seychelles
2160:Mozambique
2145:Mauritania
2130:Madagascar
2085:The Gambia
2020:Cape Verde
1804:Literature
1732:(currency)
1730:CFA franc
1633:Government
1525:Soglo coup
1418:1946 (Oct)
1413:1946 (May)
1382:1946 (Nov)
1377:1946 (Jun)
1372:1946 (Feb)
1145:1968 (Jul)
1140:1968 (May)
1039:2024-07-22
1003:References
704:Parliament
580:superpower
495:government
225:Parliament
178:Government
79:newspapers
2150:Mauritius
1879:Languages
1864:Education
1753:Transport
1677:President
1665:Air Force
1623:Elections
1555:Geography
684:full list
673:Yayi Boni
666:In 2006,
626:President
584:judiciary
527:Yayi Boni
499:Judiciary
285:Elections
236:President
184:President
2368:Category
2341: /
2337: /
2330:(France)
2324: /
2302: /
2298: /
2250:Zimbabwe
2225:Tanzania
2075:Ethiopia
2070:Eswatini
2050:Djibouti
2015:Cameroon
2000:Botswana
1929:Category
1894:Religion
1839:Football
1829:Olympics
1660:Military
1643:Abortion
1606:Politics
1582:Communes
1484:articles
1030:Archived
986:See also
881:Interpol
551:Leninist
473:is both
467:republic
382:Passport
374:in Benin
356:Minister
267:Communes
2326:Réunion
2322:Mayotte
2313:Madeira
2308:(Spain)
2304:Melilla
2235:Tunisia
2205:Somalia
2190:Senegal
2175:Nigeria
2165:Namibia
2155:Morocco
2120:Liberia
2115:Lesotho
2065:Eritrea
2035:Comoros
2010:Burundi
1985:Algeria
1913:Outline
1789:Cuisine
1772:Culture
1743:Tourism
1738:Fishing
1703:Economy
1577:Climate
1567:Borders
1492:History
1233:1946–47
897:MIPONUH
809:Entente
751:of the
702:is the
611:Office
547:Marxist
534:Dahomey
93:scholar
2345:
2328:
2315:
2245:Zambia
2240:Uganda
2180:Rwanda
2135:Malawi
2095:Guinea
1990:Angola
1884:People
1874:Health
1784:Cinema
1725:Energy
1572:Cities
1482:
929:UNESCO
925:UNCTAD
805:ECOWAS
686:and a
620:Since
617:Party
538:French
95:
88:
81:
74:
66:
2300:Ceuta
2220:Sudan
2170:Niger
2125:Libya
2110:Kenya
2090:Ghana
2080:Gabon
2055:Egypt
1995:Benin
1920:Index
1859:Crime
1824:Sport
1814:Music
1809:Media
1480:Benin
1033:(PDF)
1020:(PDF)
949:WAEMU
937:UNMEE
933:UNIDO
901:MONUC
865:IFRCS
841:ICFTU
614:Name
100:JSTOR
86:books
2230:Togo
2140:Mali
2030:Chad
1799:Flag
1682:list
1500:Ketu
1438:1990
1433:1968
1428:1964
1423:1958
1408:1945
1392:1956
1387:1951
1367:1945
1349:2020
1344:2015
1339:2008
1334:2002
1318:2023
1313:2019
1308:2015
1303:2011
1298:2007
1293:2003
1288:1999
1283:1995
1278:1991
1273:1989
1268:1984
1263:1979
1258:1964
1253:1960
1248:1959
1243:1957
1238:1952
1228:1936
1223:1934
1218:1932
1213:1930
1208:1928
1203:1925
1185:2021
1180:2016
1175:2011
1170:2006
1165:2001
1160:1996
1155:1991
1150:1970
981:WTrO
977:WToO
969:WIPO
961:WFTU
945:WADB
917:OPCW
857:IFAD
845:ICRM
837:ICCt
833:ICAO
829:IBRD
825:IAEA
821:G-77
797:AfDB
764:The
698:The
678:The
477:and
455:The
321:2023
316:2019
304:2021
299:2016
188:List
72:news
973:WMO
965:WHO
957:WCO
953:WCL
941:UPU
913:OIC
909:OAU
905:NAM
893:ITU
889:IOM
885:IOC
877:IMO
873:IMF
869:ILO
861:IFC
853:IDB
849:IDA
813:FAO
801:ECA
793:ACP
55:by
2370::
1022:.
979:,
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675:.
593:.
485:.
372:/
358::
238::
190:)
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1042:.
723:.
549:-
444:e
437:t
430:v
186:(
122:)
116:(
111:)
107:(
97:·
90:·
83:·
76:·
49:.
20:)
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