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in a minority government under the Earl of Derby. Later in the year, another problem facing the Earl of
Aberdeen in the formation of his own new government in December 1852 was Lord John Russell himself. Russell was the leader of the Whig Party, the largest group in the coalition government. Consequently, Lord Aberdeen, was required to appoint Russell as the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, which he had done on 29 December 1852. However, Russell sometimes liked to use this position to speak for the whole government, as if he were the prime minister. In 1832, Russell had been nicknamed "Finality John" because of his statement that the 1832 Reform Act had just been approved by both the House of Commons and the House of Lords would be the "final" expansion of the vote in Britain. There would be no further extension of the ballot to the common people of Britain. However, as political pressure in favour of further reform had risen over the twenty years since 1832, Russell had changed his mind. Russell had said, in January 1852, that he intended to introduce a new reform bill into the House of Commons which would equalise the populations of the districts from which members of Parliament were elected. Probably as a result of their continuing feud, Palmerston declared himself against this Reform Bill of 1852. As a result, support for the bill dwindled and Russell was forced to change his mind again and not introduce any Reform Bill in 1852.
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discussed future possibilities & agreed that nothing remained to be done, but to offer the Govt to Ld Derby,...". The Queen continued to criticise Lord John
Russell for his behaviour for the rest of his life; on his death in 1878 her journal records that he was "A man of much talent, who leaves a name behind him, kind, & good, with a great knowledge of the constitution, who behaved very well, on many trying occasions; but he was impulsive, very selfish (as shown on many occasions, especially during Ld Aberdeen's administration) vain, & often reckless & imprudent".
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1090:, who had become dictator and then Emperor of France from 1804 until 1814. The younger Bonaparte had been elected to a three-year term as President of the Second Republic of France on 20 December 1848. The Constitution of the Second Republic limited the President to a single term in office. Thus, Louis Bonaparte would be unable to succeed himself and after 20 December 1851 would no longer be president. Consequently, on 2 December 1851, shortly before the end of his single three-year term in office was to expire,
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1094:, disbanded the elected Constituent Assembly, arrested some of the Republican leaders, and declared himself Emperor Napoleon III of France. This coup upset many democrats in England as well as in France. Some British government officials felt that Louis Bonaparte was seeking foreign adventure in the spirit of his uncle, Napoleon I. Consequently, these officials felt that any close association with Bonaparte would eventually lead Britain into another series of wars, like the
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1265:, as they had during the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774. Almost immediately, the Russian troops deployed along the northern banks of the Danube River, implying that they might cross the river. Aberdeen ordered the British Fleet to Constantinople and later into the Black Sea. On 23 October 1853, the Ottoman Empire declared war on Russia. A Russian naval raid on Sinope, on 30 November 1853, resulted in the destruction of the Turkish fleet in the
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2852:, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 1910, pg. 16; of Wakefield, Yorkshire; according to local traditions recited in at least two books on Lord Aberdeen, Oswald Hanson was a blacksmith and his daughter a cook at the Strafford Arms, Wakefield; the third Earl was visiting Hatfield Hall near the town and ate at the pub; being so impressed by the food prepared there for him, he asked to meet the cook and she would become his wife (see M.E. Chamberlain,
1079:, but much later, when justifying to the Queen his own new appointments, Gladstone told her: "For instance, even in Ld Aberdeen's Govt, in 52, Sir William Molesworth had been selected, at that time, a very advanced Radical, but who was perfectly harmless, & took little, or no part.... He said these people generally became very moderate, when they were in office", which she admitted had been the case.
1117:. Without informing the rest of the cabinet or Queen Victoria, Palmerston had sent a private note to the French ambassador endorsing Louis Bonaparte's coup and congratulating Louis Bonaparte himself on the coup. Queen Victoria and members of the Russell government demanded that Palmerston be dismissed as Foreign Minister. Russell requested Palmerston's resignation and Palmerston reluctantly provided it.
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670:'s impulsive acceptance of the Canningite resignations" led to his becoming Foreign Secretary for Prime Minister Wellington in 1828 despite "an almost ludicrous lack of official experience"; he had been a minister for less than six months. After holding the position for two years, followed by another cabinet role, by 1841 his experience led to his appointment as Foreign Secretary again under
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career, Aberdeen scored numerous diplomatic triumphs, starting in 1813-14 when as ambassador to the
Austrian Empire he negotiated the alliances and financing that led to the defeat of Napoleon. In Paris, he normalized relations with the newly restored Bourbon government and convinced London it could be trusted. He worked well with top European diplomats such as his friends
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1224:, to the Black Sea as a show of force. In light of the French show of force, the Turks, again, reversed themselves and recognised the French right to protect the Christian sites. Lord Stratford de Redcliffe was advising the Ottomans during this time, and later it was alleged that he had been instrumental in persuading the Turks to reject the Russian arguments.
2049:. In the House of Lords, in 1840 and 1843, he raised two Compromise Bills to allow presbyteries but not congregations the right of veto. The first failed to pass (and was voted against by the General Assembly) but the latter, raised post-schism, became law for Scotland and remained in force until patronage of Scots livings was abolished in 1874.
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arguments at face value because he sympathised with
Russian interests against French pressure and was not in favour of the Crimean War. However, he was unable to resist the pressure that was being exerted on him by Palmerston's faction. In the end, the Crimean War proved to be the downfall of his government.
919:). It was during his second stint as Foreign Secretary that he had the harbor settlement of 'Little Hong Kong', on the south side of Hong Kong Island, named after him. It was probably the most productive period of his career; he settled two disagreements with the US: the northeast boundary dispute by the
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Aberdeen was generally successful as a hard-working diplomat, but his reputation has suffered greatly because of the lack of military success in the
Crimean War and from the ridicule of enemies such as Disraeli who regarded him as weak, inefficient, and cold. Before the Crimean debacle that ended his
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to resign, he told the Queen: "Nothing could have been better, he said than the feeling of the members towards each other. Had it not been for the incessant attempts of Ld John
Russell to keep up party differences, it must be acknowledged that the experiment of a coalition had succeeded admirably. We
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by means of cheaper wheat and bread prices for the poor and middle classes in
Ireland. Currently, however, the Free Traders and the Irish Brigade had disagreements with the Whigs that prevented them from joining with the Whigs to form a government. Accordingly, the Tory/Conservative Party leader the
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Born into a wealthy family with the largest estates in
Scotland, his personal life was marked by the loss of both parents by the time he was eleven, and of his first wife after only seven years of a happy marriage. His daughters died young, and his relations with his sons were difficult. He travelled
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of 1842 solved most of the problems amicably. Thus Maine got most of the disputed land, but Canada obtained a vital, strategic strip of land connecting it to a warm water port. Aberdeen helped solve the Oregon dispute amicably in 1846. However, as prime minister, Aberdeen had trouble with the United
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on the north bank of the Danube River, and he reminded them that pursuant to the Treaty of Küçük
Kaynarca, the Russians had returned these "Danubian provinces" to Ottoman control in exchange for the right to protect the Christian sites in the Holy Land. Accordingly, the Turks reversed themselves and
1134:
In
February 1852, Palmerston took revenge on Russell by voting with the Conservatives in a "no confidence" vote against the Russell government. This brought an end to the Russell Whig government and set the stage for a general election in July 1852 which eventually brought the Conservatives to power
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wrote, "It is a powerful team, but it will require good driving", which Aberdeen was unable to provide. During the administration, much trouble was caused by the rivalry between Palmerston and Russell, and over the course of it Palmerston managed to out-manoeuvre Russell to emerge as the Whig heir
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When in December 1852 Disraeli submitted his budget to Parliament on behalf of the minority government, the Peelites, the Free Traders, and the Irish Brigade were all alienated by the proposed budget. Accordingly, those groups suddenly forgot their differences with the Whig Party and voted with the
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Given the differences of opinion within the Lord Aberdeen cabinet over the direction of foreign policy with regard to relations between Britain and France under Napoleon III, it is not surprising that debate raged within the government as Louis Bonaparte, now assuming the title of Emperor Napoleon
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The abstract justice of the cause, although indisputable, is but a poor consolation for the inevitable calamities of all war, or for a decision which I am not without fear may prove to have been impolitic and unwise. My conscience upbraids me the more, because seeing, as I did from the first, all
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The Eastern Question flared up on 2 December 1852, with the Napoleon's coup against the Second Republic. As Napoleon III was forming his new imperial government, he sent an ambassador to the Ottoman Empire with instructions to assert France's right to protect Christian sites in Jerusalem and the
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The cabinet was bitterly divided. Palmerston stirred up anti-reform feeling in Parliament and pro-war public opinion to out-maneuver Russell. The result was that the weak Aberdeen government went to war with Russia as the result of internal British political rivalries. Aberdeen accepted Russian
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Following the downfall of the Tory/Conservative minority government under Lord Derby in December 1852, Lord Aberdeen formed a new government from the coalition of Free Traders, Peelites, and Whigs that had voted no confidence in the minority government. Lord Aberdeen was able to put together a
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The near approach of war and its effects are horrible beyond what you can conceive. The whole road from Prague to was covered with waggons full of wounded, dead, and dying. The shock and disgust and pity produced by such scenes are beyond what I could have supposed possible...the scenes of
1070:, "In the present cabinet are five or six first-rate men of equal, or nearly equal, pretensions, none of them likely to acknowledge the superiority or defer to the opinions of any other, and every one of these five or six considering himself abler and more important than their premier"; and
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in Paris. He brought Britain into the center of Continental diplomacy on critical issues, such as the local wars in Greece, Portugal, and Belgium. Simmering troubles on numerous issues with the United States were ended by friendly compromises. He played a central role in winning the
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from 1818 to 1828 and exercised his existing rights to present ministers to parishes on his Scottish estates through a time when the right of churches to veto the appointment or 'call' of a minister became so contentious as to lead in 1843 to the schism known as
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for a longer term. His diplomatic successes include organizing the coalition against Napoleon in 1812–1814, normalizing relations with post-Napoleonic France, settling the old border dispute between Canada and the United States, and ending the
979:
had been held which resulted in the election of 325 Tory/Conservative party members to Parliament. This represented 42.7% of the seats in Parliament. The main opposition to the Tory/Conservative Party was the Whig Party, which had 292 seats.
1361:, and Britain not only complained but sent a naval force to make the point. Negotiations for reciprocal trade agreement between the United States and Canada dragged on for eight years until a reciprocity treaty was reached in 1854.
1202:, one their premier statesmen, to negotiate a settlement of the issue. Prince Menshikov called the attention of the Turks to the fact that during the Russo-Turkish War, the Russians had occupied the Turkish-controlled provinces of
2059:
He is said in the last few months of his life, after the Crimean War, to have declined to contribute to building a church on his Scotland estates because of a sense of guilt in having "shed much blood", citing biblically King
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1159:, but throughout the foreign policy negotiations surrounding the dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire, which would continue throughout the middle and end of nineteenth century, the problem would be referred to as the "
1155:
III. As Prime Minister of the Peelite/Whig coalition government, Aberdeen eventually led Britain into war on the side of the French and Ottomans against the Russian Empire. This war would eventually be called the
1308:. However, this attempt failed. Dissatisfaction as to the course of the war grew in England. As reports returned detailing the mismanagement of the conflict, Parliament began to investigate. On 29 January 1855,
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Although united on international trade issues and on questions of domestic reform, his cabinet also contained Lord Palmerston and Lord John Russell, who were certain to differ on questions of foreign policy.
1269:. When Russia ignored an Anglo-French ultimatum to abandon the Danubian provinces, Britain and France declared war on Russia on 28 March 1854. In September 1854, British and French troops landed on the
1138:
In order to form the coalition government, the Earl of Aberdeen had been required to appoint both Palmerston and Russell to his cabinet. Because of the controversy surrounding Palmerston's removal as
1035:, the defeat of the Disraeli budget was a "vote of no confidence" in the minority government and meant its downfall. Lord Aberdeen was asked to form a new government; Gladstone became his Chancellor.
983:
While the Peelites agreed with the Whigs on issues dealing with international trade, there were other issues on which the Peelites disagreed with the Whigs. Indeed, Lord Aberdeen's own dislike of the
1031:
Whigs against the proposed budget. The vote was 286 in favour of the budget and 305 votes against the budget. Because the leadership of the minority government had made the vote on the budget vote a
1179:, following his predecessor's commission in 1838 of the first European Consul in Jerusalem on Britain's behalf, which lead to series of successive appointments by other nations. Both resulted from
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dating from 1793 until 1815. British relations with France had scarcely improved since 1815. As prime minister, the Earl of Aberdeen was one of these officials who feared France and Bonaparte.
1190:, a diplomat with vast experience in Turkey, as a special envoy to the Ottoman Empire to guard British interests. Russia protested the Turkish agreement with the French as a violation of the
1175:. The Ottoman Empire agreed to this condition to avoid conflict or even war with France. Aberdeen, as Foreign Secretary in 1845, had himself tacitly authorised the construction of the first
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1315:
Treating this as a vote of no confidence in his government, Aberdeen resigned, and retired from active politics, speaking for the last time in the House of Lords in 1858. In visiting
1332:, the American Secretary of State who was himself an Anglophile. In 1842, Aberdeen sent Lord Ashburton to Washington to settle all disputes, especially the border between Canada and
1312:
introduced a motion for the appointment of a select committee to enquire into the conduct of the war. This motion was carried by the large majority of 305 in favour and 148 against.
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politician and specialist in foreign affairs. He served as Prime Minister from 1852 until 1855 in a coalition between the Whigs and Peelites, with Radical and Irish support. The
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and their archaeology. His Scottish estates having been neglected by his father, he devoted himself (when he came of age) to modernising them according to the latest standards.
1142:, Palmerston could not now be appointed Foreign Minister again so soon after his removal from that position. Accordingly, on 28 December 1852, Aberdeen appointed Palmerston as
639:
was filled with powerful and talented politicians, whom Aberdeen was largely unable to control and direct. Despite his trying to avoid this happening, it took Britain into the
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1198:. Under the treaty, the Russians had been granted the exclusive right to protect the Christian sites in the Holy Land. Accordingly, on 7 May 1853, the Russians sent Prince
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One of the foreign policy issues on which Palmerston and Russell disagreed was the type of relationship that Britain should have with France and especially France's ruler,
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2917:, 1815, vol. ii, pg. 1232; neither Debrett nor the ODNB article for Sir David Baird give a name for Alicia Johnstone's father; both do state that he was from Hiltown.
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Karl Marx, "Turkey and Russia—the Connivance of the Aberdeen Ministry with Russia—The Budget—Tax on Newspaper Supplements—Parliamentary Corruption" contained in the
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on his grandfather's death in 1801, and had travelled all over Europe. On his return to Britain, he founded the Society of Athenian Travellers. In 1805, he married
1058:
coalition that held 53.8% of the seats of Parliament. Thus Lord Aberdeen, a Peelite, became Prime Minister and headed a coalition ministry of Whigs and Peelites.
723:. His mother was Charlotte, youngest daughter of William Baird of Newbyth. He lost his father on 18 October 1791 and his mother in 1795, and he was brought up by
806:
in his earlier travels. He became one of the central diplomatic figures in European diplomacy at this time, and he was one of the British representatives at the
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2876:, vol. 1 (Bingley: T. Harrison, 1888), pp. 162–163. George Roberts also states that Elizabeth Hanson's mother was a daughter of "Ralph Collett, of Oulton" in
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that was to be apprehended, it is possible that by a little more energy and vigour, not on the Danube, but in Downing Street, it might have been prevented.
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at the time of Louis Bonaparte's 2 December 1851 coup was serving as the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs in the Whig government of Prime Minister
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Queen Victoria's Journals, Wednesday 28 April 1880, Windsor Castle, from Princess Beatrice's copies, Volume72 (1 January 1880 – 18 August 1880), p.167,
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Queen Victoria's Journals, Tuesday 30 January 1855, Windsor Castle, Princess Beatrice's copies, Volume:39 (1 January 1855 – 30 June 1855), pp. 47–48,
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Queen Victoria's Journals, Wednesday 29 May 1878, Balmoral Castle, Princess Beatrice's copies, Vol 68 (1 January 1878 – 24 June 1878), pp. 268–69,
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Reverend Hon. Douglas Hamilton-Gordon (13 March 1824 – 6 December 1901). He married Lady Ellen Douglas (maternal first cousin) on 15 July 1851.
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841:; the marriage was much less happy than his first. During the ensuing thirteen years Aberdeen took a less prominent part in public affairs.
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947:. They helped stabilize Spain's internal and external relations. He sought better relations with France, relying on his friendship with
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Martin, B. K., "The Resignation of Lord Palmerston in 1853: Extracts from Unpublished Letters of Queen Victoria and Lord Aberdeen",
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British-American relations had been troublesome under Palmerston, but Aberdeen proved much more conciliatory, and worked well with
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1304:. On 5 November 1854, Russian forces tried to relieve the siege at Sevastopol and defeat the Allied armies in the field in the
412:
2021:"; as early as 1840 he told Gladstone he preferred what Aberdeen called "the sister church " and when in London worshipped at
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In response this latest change of mind by the Ottomans, the Russians on 2 July 1853 occupied the Turkish satellite states of
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summarises, "Religion never came easy to him". In his Scots landowning capacity "North of the border, he considered himself
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Butcher, Samuel J. "Lord Aberdeen and Conservative Foreign Policy, 1841-1846" (PhD Diss. University of East Anglia, 2015)
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1475:(26 November 1829 – 30 January 1912). He married Rachel Emily Shaw-Lefevre on 20 September 1865. They had two children.
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in retaliation for an insult; Britain protested. Later in 1846, the United States announced its intention of annexing
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However, other British government officials were beginning to worry more about the rising political dominance of the
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David F. Krein. "War and Reform: Russell, Palmerston and the Struggle for Power in the Aberdeen Cabinet, 1853–54".
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Nevertheless, Britain became increasingly worried about the situation in Turkey, and Prime Minister Aberdeen sent
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Topography and Natural History of Lofthouse and its Neighbourhood, with the Diary of a Naturalist and Rural Notes
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Guymer, Laurence. "The Wedding Planners: Lord Aberdeen, Henry Bulwer, and the Spanish Marriages, 1841–1846."
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Laurence Guymer, "The Wedding Planners: Lord Aberdeen, Henry Bulwer, and the Spanish Marriages, 1841–1846."
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1010:", who voted with the Peelites and the Whigs for the repeal of the Corn Laws because they sought an end the
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Apart from his political career, Aberdeen was also a scholar of the classical civilisations, who published
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Lady Charlotte Catherine Hamilton-Gordon (28 March 1808 – 24 July 1818) died at the age of ten years old.
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955:, the right to search slave ships, the French desire to control Belgium, disputes in the Pacific and the
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After 1812 he became a diplomat, and in 1813, at age 29, was given the critically important embassy to
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Aberdeen was greatly affected by the aftermath of war which he witnessed at first hand. He wrote home:
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Karl Marx. "Affairs in Holland—Denmark—Conversion of the British Debt—India, Turkey and Russia". In
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Lady Frances Hamilton-Gordon (4 December 1818 – 20 April 1834) died at the age of fifteen years old.
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Lady Jane Hamilton-Gordon (11 February 1807 – 18 August 1824) died at the age of seventeen years old
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In July 1815, he married his former sister-in-law Harriet, daughter of John Douglas, and widow of
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The Origins of Christian Zionism: Lord Shaftesbury And Evangelical Support for a Jewish Homeland
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Lady Alice Hamilton-Gordon (12 July 1809 – 21 April 1829) died at the age of nineteen years old.
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2118:. Vol. I: A–ak Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, IL: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. pp.
19:"Lord Aberdeen" and "The Earl of Aberdeen" redirect here. For other holders of the title, see
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The triumph of Lord Palmerston: a study of public opinion in England before the Crimean War
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Lord Aberdeen: a Biography of the Fourth Earl of Aberdeen, KG, KT, Prime Minister 1852–1855
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Lord Aberdeen: a biography of the fourth Earl of Aberdeen, KG, KT, Prime Minister 1852–1855
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1520:(1809) as "the travell'd thane, Athenian Aberdeen." He was appointed Chancellor of the
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911:(December 1834 - April 1835), and again Foreign Secretary between 1841 and 1846 under
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Jonathan Philip Parry, "The impact of Napoleon III on British politics, 1851–1880."
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1448:(28 September 1816 – 22 March 1864). He married Lady Mary Baillie (younger sister of
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distress and misery have sunk deeper in my mind. I have been quite haunted by them.
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1160:
1139:
623:
from 1791 to 1801, was a British statesman, diplomat and landowner, successively a
20:
2795:, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 1910, pg. 16 ; sister of General Sir David Baird, Baronet.
2530:
The British Consulate in Jerusalem in Relation to the Jews of Palestine, 1838–1914
991:
in that year. Additionally, 113 of the members of Parliament elected in 1847 were
5393:
5051:
4957:
4745:
4705:
4184:
4107:
4093:
4079:
3813:
3485:
2014:
1496:
1341:
1281:. The Allied troops then moved across the Alma River on 20 September 1854 at the
1110:
1095:
897:
859:
676:
967:
Aberdeen again followed his leader and resigned with Peel over the issue of the
5337:
5023:
5015:
4906:
4818:
4775:
4765:
4563:
4413:
4393:
4319:
4128:
4044:
3855:
3797:
3681:
3038:
1484:
1329:
1316:
1282:
1143:
1106:
1102:
932:
849:
771:
684:
663:
107:
2657:
Wilbur Devereux Jones, "Lord Ashburton and the Maine Boundary Negotiations."
687:. He exhibited a "dour, awkward, occasionally sarcastic exterior". His friend
647:
extensively in Europe, including Greece, and he had a serious interest in the
5476:
5277:
5229:
5213:
4823:
4780:
4770:
4730:
4233:
4219:
4177:
4163:
4058:
3049:
Bailey, Frank E. (1940). "The Economics of British Foreign Policy, 1825-50".
3043:
A liberal state at war: English politics and economics during the Crimean War
3025:
3015:
1460:
1402:
1241:
928:
732:
683:
was obtained. Aberdeen was a poor speaker, but this scarcely mattered in the
390:
3313:
Portraits of Catherine Elizabeth Gordon (née Hamilton), Countess of Aberdeen
3288:"Archival material relating to George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen"
3150:
The Aberdeen Coalition 1852–1855: A study in mid-19th-century party politics
1459:(11 December 1817 – 19 May 1890). He married Caroline Herschel (daughter of
935:, which was still important for a Foreign Secretary. He worked closely with
691:, said of him that he was "the man in public life of all others whom I have
5224:
4808:
4790:
4740:
4638:
4628:
4618:
4613:
4603:
4254:
4212:
4170:
4142:
3695:
3282:
contributions in Parliament by George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
3222:
Foundations of British Foreign Policy: From Pitt (1792) to Salisbury (1902)
1480:
1083:
1006:
Furthermore, 36 members of Parliament elected in 1847 were members of the "
779:
3034:. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 46–47.
971:. After Peel's death in July 1850 he became the recognised leader of the
5290:
4938:
4909:
4901:
4828:
4785:
4725:
4247:
4226:
3911:
3897:
3111:
British foreign secretaries, 1807-1916: studies in personality and policy
2018:
1345:
1156:
830:, of Aberdeen in the County of Aberdeen (1814), and made a member of the
671:
640:
161:
2645:
2413:
Stuart, "The Formation of the Coalition Cabinet of 1852." (1954): 45–68.
1353:
States. In 1854 an American naval vessel bombarded the mosquito port of
951:, but Britain was annoyed with France on a series of issues, especially
4755:
4750:
4735:
4715:
4648:
4205:
4198:
3195:
3075:
2662:
1511:
1386:
1278:
1274:
662:
His rise in politics was equally rapid and lucky, and "two accidents —
547:
366:
3194:, Vol. 1, No. 1 (1923), pp. 107–112, Cambridge University Press,
3140:
4813:
4240:
4072:
2333:
2030:
1293:
1258:
1203:
1172:
996:
968:
712:
680:
394:
362:
2056:
began, though they did not obtain their potential power until 1859.
1479:
The Countess of Aberdeen died in August 1833. Lord Aberdeen died at
1023:
as the Chancellor of the Exchequer for the minority government. The
3062:
2026:
1262:
1207:
972:
803:
370:
3014:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2562:
Karl Marx. "Mazzini—Switzerland and Austria—Turkish Question". In
2181:
The Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage of Great Britain and Ireland
3276:
632:
422:
398:
5182:
3658:
2640:
Charles M. Wiltse, "Daniel Webster and the British Experience."
2505:. Vol. 1. Charleston SC USA: Forgotten Books. p. 418.
2400:
C. H. Stuart, "The Formation of the Coalition Cabinet of 1852."
1508:
An Inquiry into the Principles of Beauty in Grecian Architecture
1429:
unnamed Gordon, Lord Haddo (23 November 1810 – 23 November 1810)
784:
Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Austria
1499:
used George Gordon's life as the basis for a historical novel,
1488:
1337:
995:. These members agreed with the Peelites on the repeal of the "
948:
791:
655:
4948:
826:
Returning home he was created a peer of the United Kingdom as
798:, he was an observer at the decisive Coalition victory of the
3620:
2355:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: volume 11,
2061:
1491:, on 14 December 1860, and was buried in the family vault at
1333:
1092:
Bonaparte staged a coup against the Second Republic in France
758:
2926:
No information is available about Alicia Johnstone's mother.
2882:(London: David Bogue; Leeds: Richard Jackson, 1882), pg. 42.
2835:
B. Carnduff, "Baird, Sir David, first baronet (1757–1829)",
2605:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 13
2603:
Karl Marx, "Fall of the Aberdeen Ministry" contained in the
2592:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 12
2564:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 12
2551:
Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 12
2052:
It was under his prime ministership that the revival of the
2025:. He was ultimately buried in the Anglican parish church at
1389:
against China, gaining control of Hong Kong in the process.
619:(28 January 1784 – 14 December 1860), styled
2826:, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 1910, pp. 15–16; of Newbyth, Haddington.
1019:
was asked to form a "minority government". Derby appointed
810:
in February 1814, and at the negotiations which led to the
939:, his ambassador to Madrid, to help arrange marriages for
3304:
Portraits of George Hamilton Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
2353:
Karl Marx, "The Defeat of the Ministry" contained in the
1540:
Ancestors of George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
3202:
Britain in Europe, 1789–1914: A survey of foreign policy
3167:(2000), Wide-ranging scholarly survey of the entire era.
2805:
2803:
2801:
2774:
2772:
2422:
1433:
He remarried Harriet Douglas (paternal granddaughter of
782:
in 1812 he joined the Foreign Service. He was appointed
2261:. London: Sampson Low, Marston and Company. p. 31.
2220:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
1446:
George John James Hamilton-Gordon, 5th Earl of Aberdeen
1371:
International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)
1348:
of 1841 involving a slave revolt on the high seas. The
1105:
in eastern Europe and the corresponding decline of the
5633:
Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
2480:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 380.
1075:
apparent. The cabinet also included a single Radical,
2798:
2769:
2757:
1227:
As war became inevitable, Aberdeen wrote to Russell:
3235:
2205:
2642:
Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society
2045:" when a third of ministers broke away to form the
1323:
1149:
763:In December 1805, Lord Aberdeen took his seat as a
5628:Presidents of the Society of Antiquaries of London
5598:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
5518:19th-century prime ministers of the United Kingdom
3452:19 December 1852 – 30 January 1855
2990:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 22
2976:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 22
2962:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 22
2937:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 22
2688:Biographical dictionary of British prime ministers
2607:(International Publishers: New York, 1980) p. 631.
2195:"Gordon, George Hamilton (Lord Haddo) (GRDN800GH)"
2109:
2017:". In England "he privately considered himself an
1495:. In 1994 the novelist, columnist, and politician
888:between January and June 1828 and subsequently as
5623:Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
3262:"Aberdeen, George Hamilton Gordon, Earl of"
1510:(London, 1822) and was referred to by his cousin
1412:(10 January 1784 – 29 February 1812; daughter of
5543:British Secretaries of State for Foreign Affairs
5474:
5369:Mathematics, science, technology and engineering
3119:
2673:Bruce W. Jentleson and Thomas G. Paterson, eds.
1450:George Baillie-Hamilton, 10th Earl of Haddington
2904:Debrett gives no name for William Baird's wife.
2111:"Aberdeen, George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of"
1183:'s canvassing with substantial public support.
2939:. Oxford University Press. 2004. p. 902.
2580:. London: Longmans, Green and Co. p. 204.
1292:A Russian attack on the allied supply base at
1124:George Hamilton Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen,
844:
5648:Secretaries of State for War and the Colonies
5198:
4887:
4302:
3644:
3022:Aberdeen, George Hamilton Gordon, 4th Earl of
2686:Robert Eccleshall and Graham S. Walker, eds.
2336:, "Result of the Elections" contained in the
2287:, "Peel, Aberdeen and the Entente cordiale."
1463:) on 9 December 1852. They had nine children.
1300:is noted for its famous (or rather infamous)
743:in 1804. Before this, however, he had become
715:on 28 January 1784, he was the eldest son of
5488:George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
2402:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
2389:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
1757:George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
1452:) on 5 November 1840. They had six children.
1038:
577:George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
5343:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
5070:Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
3394:Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
3092:The life of George, fourth earl of Aberdeen
3082:The life of George, fourth earl of Aberdeen
1416:) on 28 July 1805. They had four children.
1146:and appointed Russell as Foreign Minister.
905:Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
234:Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
99:19 December 1852 – 30 January 1855
5205:
5191:
4894:
4880:
4309:
4295:
3651:
3637:
3296:
2858:The Prime Ministers: Stories and Anecdotes
2716:. St John Church, Stanmore. Archived from
2038:General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
1441:) on 8 July 1815. They had five children:
1336:, the boundary along the Great Lakes, the
759:Political and diplomatic career, 1805–1828
70:
5568:Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
5553:Chancellors of the University of Aberdeen
4325:Foreign Secretaries of the United Kingdom
3621:George Hamilton-Gordon navigational boxes
2578:The Life of Lord John Russell – Volume II
2193:
1401:Bust of Aberdeen in Westminster Abbey by
1086:. Bonaparte was the nephew of the famous
3220:Temperley, Harold and L.M. Penson, eds.
3147:
1396:
1240:
1236:
1119:
1048:
865:
848:
481:
246:20 December 1834 – 8 April 1835
3019:
2837:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2763:
2575:
2519:
2500:
2494:
2224:
2107:
1340:boundary, the African slave trade, the
896:. He resigned with Wellington over the
778:. Following the death of his wife from
753:John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Abercorn
660:sixth coalition that defeated Napoleon.
194:2 June 1828 – 22 November 1830
151:2 September 1841 – 6 July 1846
5538:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
5475:
4332:Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
3165:The Mid-Victorian Generation 1846–1886
3048:
2675:Encyclopedia of U.S. Foreign Relations
2256:
2183:. London: Whitaker and Co. p. 81.
2000:
1882:
1774:
1770:
1760:
1661:
1554:
1550:
1439:Edward Lascelles, 1st Earl of Harewood
1140:Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
658:, where he organised and financed the
510:
413:St John the Evangelist, Great Stanmore
298:26 January 1828 – 2 June 1828
5548:Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster
5186:
4875:
4848:Category:British Secretaries of State
4290:
3660:Prime ministers of the United Kingdom
3632:
3619:
3212:England and the Near East: The Crimea
3139:, 100#396 (1985), pp. 641–644,
2968:
2954:
2929:
2475:
2469:
2103:
2101:
1952:
1942:
1938:
1926:
1923:
1913:
1900:
1890:
1886:
1870:
1867:
1857:
1844:
1834:
1830:
1818:
1815:
1805:
1792:
1782:
1778:
1754:
1744:
1731:
1721:
1717:
1705:
1702:
1692:
1679:
1669:
1665:
1649:
1643:
1633:
1620:
1610:
1606:
1594:
1588:
1578:
1562:
1558:
1296:on 25 October 1854 was rebuffed. The
1214:The French sent one of their premier
1003:consumer products should be removed.
999:", but they felt that the tariffs on
985:Ecclesiastical Titles Assumption Bill
5523:19th-century Scottish businesspeople
4923:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
4802:Commonwealth and Development Affairs
3448:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
3340:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
3133:Lord Aberdeen. A Political Biography
3125:Lord Aberdeen: A Political Biography
2854:Lord Aberdeen: a Political Biography
2659:Mississippi Valley Historical Review
2501:Sokolow, Nahum (27 September 2015).
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
1565:William Gordon, 2nd Earl of Aberdeen
886:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
477:
286:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
87:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
2423:Norman McCord; Bill Purdue (2007).
2178:
2054:Convocations of Canterbury and York
1591:George Gordon, 3rd Earl of Aberdeen
794:in October 1813. In the company of
725:Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville
721:George Gordon, 3rd Earl of Aberdeen
506:
13:
2391:(Sixth Series) 11 (2001): 147–175.
1517:English Bards and Scotch Reviewers
1435:James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton
14:
5659:
5593:Lord-lieutenants of Aberdeenshire
5533:19th-century Scottish politicians
5212:
5128:President of the Board of Control
3317:National Portrait Gallery, London
3308:National Portrait Gallery, London
3231:
3020:Holland, Arthur William (1911). "
2951:Article by Muriel E. Chamberlain.
2338:Collected Works of Karl Marx and
2078:
1524:in 1827 and was President of the
1344:about boundaries in 1837 and the
931:of 1846. He enjoyed the trust of
839:James Hamilton, Viscount Hamilton
5608:People educated at Harrow School
5528:19th-century Scottish landowners
5451:
5450:
4947:
4854:
4843:
4842:
4677:
4318:
4270:
4269:
3533:Lord Lieutenant of Aberdeenshire
3238:
3007:
2813:, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 1910, pg. 15.
2782:, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 1910, pg. 16.
2714:"The Churches of Great Stanmore"
2630:Online from the Bodleian Library
2618:Online from the Bodleian Library
2476:Lewis, Donald (2 January 2014).
2377:online from the Bodleian Library
2237:Chambers Biographical Dictionary
2064:'s being forbidden to build the
1526:Society of Antiquaries of London
1324:Relations with the United States
962:
796:the Austrian Emperor, Francis II
562:
5106:President of the Board of Trade
4800:Secretary of State for Foreign,
3254:More about The Earl of Aberdeen
3000:
2982:
2920:
2907:
2898:
2885:
2872:, in J. Horsfall Turner (ed.),
2863:
2842:
2829:
2816:
2785:
2732:
2706:
2693:
2680:
2667:
2651:
2634:
2622:
2610:
2597:
2584:
2569:
2556:
2543:
2456:
2451:The Eastern Question, 1774–1923
2443:
2416:
2407:
2404:(Fifth Series) 4 (1954): 45–68.
2394:
2381:
2369:
2360:
2347:
2327:
2314:
2294:
2278:
2265:
2250:
1287:siege to the fort of Sevastopol
1200:Alexander Sergeyevich Menshikov
790:between Britain and Austria in
502:
473:
5513:19th-century British diplomats
5352:Economy, society and knowledge
5088:Master-General of the Ordnance
4927:Leader of the House of Commons
4687:Secretary of State for Foreign
3256:on the Downing Street website.
2856:, 1983, pg. 17 and W.D. Home,
2703:(1937) pp 129-48, 223-41, 688.
2230:
2187:
2172:
2163:
2154:
2145:
2136:
2108:Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010).
1473:Arthur Charles Hamilton-Gordon
1461:Sir John Herschel, 1st Baronet
1437:and maternal granddaughter of
977:general election of Parliament
957:French intervention in Morocco
1:
5638:Leaders of the House of Lords
5613:Scottish representative peers
4976:Lord President of the Council
3585:Peerage of the United Kingdom
3501:British Ambassador to Austria
3137:The English Historical Review
2503:History of Zionism, 1600-1918
1703:5. Catherine Elizabeth Hanson
1457:Sir Alexander Hamilton-Gordon
1196:Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
1125:
1096:wars with France and Napoleon
1025:general election in July 1852
871:
706:
703:others, but never like him".
5573:Fellows of the Royal Society
5364:Economy, industry, and trade
4998:Leader of the House of Lords
3459:Leader of the House of Lords
3192:Cambridge Historical Journal
3131:MacIntyre, Angus, review of
2839:, 2004; of Hiltown, Berwick.
2701:Britain in Europe: 1789-1914
2453:(London, 1966), pp. 110–149.
2429:. Oxford UP. p. 269ff.
2305:Britain in Europe: 1789-1914
1249:of 1854 after a painting by
1177:Anglican church in Jerusalem
802:in October 1813; he had met
774:. In 1808, he was created a
768:Scottish representative peer
739:, where he graduated with a
737:St John's College, Cambridge
679:with China in 1842, whereby
553:St John's College, Cambridge
7:
5034:First Lord of the Admiralty
4931:Chancellor of the Exchequer
2848:G.E. Cokayne and V. Gibbs,
2822:G.E. Cokayne and V. Gibbs,
2809:G.E. Cokayne and V. Gibbs,
2791:G.E. Cokayne and V. Gibbs,
2778:G.E. Cokayne and V. Gibbs,
2199:A Cambridge Alumni Database
1531:
1302:Charge of the Light Brigade
1188:Lord Stratford de Redcliffe
943:and her younger sister the
845:Political career, 1828–1852
10:
5664:
5508:Politicians from Edinburgh
4945:
3268:Collier's New Encyclopedia
3158:Diplomacy & Statecraft
3135:by Muriel E. Chamberlain,
2644:Vol. 85. (1973) pp 58-77.
2273:Diplomacy & Statecraft
2201:. University of Cambridge.
1876:
1772:
1655:
1552:
1368:
1211:agreed with the Russians.
1042:
76:Lord Aberdeen in July 1860
18:
5441:
5351:
5326:The Marquess of Salisbury
5238:
5220:
5162:
5144:
5126:
5104:
5086:
5068:
5050:
5032:
5014:
4992:
4974:
4956:
4921:
4837:
4799:
4686:
4675:
4331:
4264:
3796:
3671:
3626:
3604:
3595:
3590:
3583:
3573:
3564:
3556:
3549:
3539:
3530:
3522:
3517:
3507:
3498:
3480:
3475:
3465:
3456:
3445:
3437:
3427:
3418:
3410:
3400:
3391:
3383:
3373:
3364:
3356:
3346:
3337:
3329:
3324:
3051:Journal of Modern History
2915:The Baronetage of England
2895:, 1815, vol. ii, pg. 1232
2893:The Baronetage of England
2874:The Yorkshire Genealogist
2576:Walpole, Spencer (1889).
2426:British History 1815–1914
1940:
1932:
1907:
1888:
1884:
1851:
1832:
1824:
1799:
1780:
1776:
1738:
1719:
1711:
1686:
1667:
1663:
1646:George Gordon, Lord Haddo
1627:
1608:
1600:
1572:
1556:
1392:
1364:
1194:of 1778, which ended the
1039:Prime Minister, 1852–1855
855:Portrait of Lord Aberdeen
717:George Gordon, Lord Haddo
570:
558:
546:
539:George Gordon, Lord Haddo
534:
523:
452:
429:
418:
408:
380:
345:
340:
336:
324:
312:
302:
291:
284:
272:
260:
250:
239:
232:
222:
210:
198:
187:
177:
167:
155:
144:
137:
125:
113:
103:
92:
85:
81:
69:
30:
5136:The Earl of Ellenborough
4689:and Commonwealth Affairs
3745:Chatham (Pitt the Elder)
3224:(1938), primary sources
3210:Temperley, Harold W. V.
3148:Conacher, J. B. (1968).
2071:
1410:Lady Catherine Elizabeth
1350:Webster–Ashburton Treaty
1192:Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
1084:Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte
953:French colonial policies
921:Webster-Ashburton Treaty
884:Lord Aberdeen served as
749:Lady Catherine Elizabeth
729:William Pitt the Younger
5503:Nobility from Edinburgh
5321:William Ewart Gladstone
5311:The Viscount Palmerston
5146:Paymaster of the Forces
3989:Disraeli (Beaconsfield)
3431:The Viscount Palmerston
3414:The Viscount Palmerston
3377:The Viscount Palmerston
3031:Encyclopædia Britannica
2257:Gordon, Arthur (1893).
2179:Dod, Robert P. (1860).
2116:Encyclopædia Britannica
2047:Free Church of Scotland
2036:He was a member of the
689:William Ewart Gladstone
649:classical civilisations
462:Lady Catherine Hamilton
228:The Viscount Palmerston
183:The Viscount Palmerston
173:The Viscount Palmerston
132:The Viscount Palmerston
5583:Knights of the Thistle
5286:The Viscount Melbourne
5240:Politics and diplomacy
5006:The Duke of Wellington
3608:George Hamilton-Gordon
3577:George Hamilton-Gordon
3543:The Marquess of Huntly
2661:40.3 (1953): 477-490.
2291:30.82 (1957): 189-206.
2169:MacIntyre, 643, quoted
2005:Aberdeen's biographer
1522:University of Aberdeen
1408:Lord Aberdeen married
1405:
1378:Klemens von Metternich
1254:
1234:
1150:The "Eastern Question"
1131:
1077:Sir William Molesworth
1054:
945:Infanta Luisa Fernanda
881:
863:
824:
308:The Duke of Wellington
205:The Duke of Wellington
5603:Scottish antiquarians
5588:Knights of the Garter
5154:Sir Edward Knatchbull
4860:Portal:United Kingdom
3176:online free to borrow
3163:Hoppen, K. Theodore.
3160:21.4 (2010): 549–573.
2466:(1976) 7#2 pp. 67–84.
2275:21.4 (2010): 549-573.
2023:St James's Piccadilly
1400:
1369:Further information:
1244:
1237:Crimean War 1853–1856
1229:
1123:
1053:Aberdeen in the 1850s
1052:
1043:Further information:
1027:had no clear winner.
892:until 1830 under the
869:
852:
819:
814:in May of that year.
808:Congress of Châtillon
776:Knight of the Thistle
731:. He was educated at
695:. I say emphatically
5331:The Earl of Rosebery
5306:The Earl of Aberdeen
5172:John Charles Herries
5078:The Earl of Aberdeen
5060:The Lord Wharncliffe
3292:UK National Archives
3200:Seton-Watson, R. W.
3184:(Hutchinson, 1963).
3170:Iremonger, Lucille.
2540:, cited in Lewis, D.
2259:The Earl of Aberdeen
2160:MacIntyre, 642, 644.
1901:14. ? Johnstone
1621:9. Lady Susan Murray
975:. In August 1847, a
917:second Peel ministry
509:; died
480:; died
37:The Earl of Aberdeen
33:The Right Honourable
5374:Society and culture
4984:The Earl of Rosslyn
3551:Peerage of Scotland
3204:(1937) pp 223–40.
3113:(1927). pp 89–130.
2978:. pp. 902–903.
2699:R.W. Seton-Watson,
2320:Lucille Iremonger,
2307:(1937) pp 223-41. (
2301:Robert Seton-Watson
2289:Historical Research
2066:Temple in Jerusalem
2001:Religious interests
1924:7. Alicia Johnstone
1355:Greytown, Nicaragua
1310:John Arthur Roebuck
1298:Battle of Balaclava
909:first Peel ministry
898:Reform Bill of 1832
5643:People from Tarves
5110:Master of the Mint
4966:The Lord Lyndhurst
4052:Campbell-Bannerman
3526:The Earl of Erroll
3490:Title last held by
3469:The Earl Granville
3387:Thomas Spring Rice
3360:The Earl of Dudley
3344:January–June 1828
3325:Political offices
3180:Martin, Kingsley.
3090:Balfour, Frances.
3080:Balfour, Frances.
2690:(1998) pp. 167-74.
2526:Hyamson, Albert M.
2464:Maryland Historian
2007:Muriel Chamberlain
1868:3. Charlotte Baird
1406:
1306:Battle of Inkerman
1255:
1132:
1088:Napoleon Bonaparte
1055:
1033:vote of confidence
1012:Great Irish Famine
894:Duke of Wellington
882:
864:
267:Thomas Spring Rice
217:The Earl of Dudley
16:British politician
5563:Earls of Aberdeen
5470:
5469:
5464:
5463:
5316:Benjamin Disraeli
5301:The Earl of Derby
5296:Lord John Russell
5180:
5179:
5096:Sir George Murray
4994:Foreign Secretary
4869:
4868:
4284:
4283:
3614:
3613:
3605:Succeeded by
3574:Succeeded by
3540:Succeeded by
3508:Succeeded by
3476:Diplomatic posts
3466:Succeeded by
3441:The Earl of Derby
3428:Succeeded by
3421:Foreign Secretary
3401:Succeeded by
3374:Succeeded by
3367:Foreign Secretary
3350:Charles Arbuthnot
3347:Succeeded by
3109:Cecil, Algernon.
2946:978-0-19-861372-5
2870:"Hanson Pedigree"
2860:, 1987, pg. 133).
2744:www.goodreads.com
2677:(4 vol 1997) 1:1.
2129:978-1-59339-837-8
1997:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1793:12. William Baird
1680:10. Oswald Hanson
1271:Crimean peninsula
1247:Aberdeen ministry
1216:ships-of-the-line
1115:Lord John Russell
1045:Aberdeen ministry
1021:Benjamin Disraeli
989:Lord John Russell
890:Foreign Secretary
800:Battle of Leipzig
788:Treaty of Töplitz
786:, and signed the
637:Aberdeen ministry
574:
573:
331:Charles Arbuthnot
139:Foreign Secretary
120:The Earl of Derby
5655:
5618:Viscounts Gordon
5558:Diplomatic peers
5454:
5453:
5282:Prime ministers
5207:
5200:
5193:
5184:
5183:
5164:Secretary at War
5118:Alexander Baring
5042:The Earl de Grey
4951:
4896:
4889:
4882:
4873:
4872:
4858:
4846:
4845:
4681:
4323:
4322:
4311:
4304:
4297:
4288:
4287:
4277:
4273:
4272:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4236:
4229:
4222:
4215:
4208:
4201:
4194:
4187:
4180:
4173:
4166:
4159:
4152:
4145:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4117:
4110:
4103:
4096:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3942:
3935:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3907:
3900:
3893:
3886:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3858:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3821:Pitt the Younger
3816:
3809:
3807:Pitt the Younger
3789:
3787:Pitt the Younger
3782:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3691:
3684:
3682:Walpole (Orford)
3653:
3646:
3639:
3630:
3629:
3617:
3616:
3567:Earl of Aberdeen
3557:Preceded by
3523:Preceded by
3518:Honorary titles
3511:The Lord Stewart
3494:Sir Arthur Paget
3438:Preceded by
3411:Preceded by
3404:The Lord Glenelg
3384:Preceded by
3357:Preceded by
3330:Preceded by
3322:
3321:
3300:
3295:
3272:
3264:
3248:
3246:Biography portal
3243:
3242:
3241:
3174:(Collins, 1978)
3153:
3128:
3121:M.E. Chamberlain
3074:
3035:
3013:
3011:
3010:
2994:
2993:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2958:
2952:
2950:
2933:
2927:
2924:
2918:
2911:
2905:
2902:
2896:
2889:
2883:
2867:
2861:
2850:Complete Peerage
2846:
2840:
2833:
2827:
2824:Complete Peerage
2820:
2814:
2811:Complete Peerage
2807:
2796:
2793:Complete Peerage
2789:
2783:
2780:Complete Peerage
2776:
2767:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2710:
2704:
2697:
2691:
2684:
2678:
2671:
2665:
2655:
2649:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2620:
2614:
2608:
2601:
2595:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2573:
2567:
2560:
2554:
2547:
2541:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2473:
2467:
2460:
2454:
2449:M. S. Anderson.
2447:
2441:
2440:
2420:
2414:
2411:
2405:
2398:
2392:
2385:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2364:
2358:
2351:
2345:
2340:Frederick Engels
2331:
2325:
2318:
2312:
2298:
2292:
2282:
2276:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2254:
2248:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2203:
2202:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2176:
2170:
2167:
2161:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2113:
2105:
1816:6. William Baird
1732:11. Mary Collett
1546:
1545:
1537:
1536:
1267:battle of Sinope
1251:Sir John Gilbert
1181:Lord Shaftesbury
1161:Eastern Question
1130:
1129: June 1858
1127:
1072:Sir James Graham
1064:Charles Greville
923:(1842), and the
876:
873:
745:Earl of Aberdeen
618:
613:
606:
599:
592:
585:
566:
514:
512:
508:
504:
485:
483:
479:
475:
387:
384:14 December 1860
359:
357:
341:Personal details
327:
315:
305:
296:
279:The Lord Glenelg
275:
263:
253:
244:
225:
213:
201:
192:
180:
170:
158:
149:
128:
116:
97:
74:
64:
28:
27:
21:Earl of Aberdeen
5663:
5662:
5658:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5653:
5652:
5578:House of Gordon
5473:
5472:
5471:
5466:
5465:
5460:
5437:
5347:
5291:Sir Robert Peel
5234:
5230:Edwardian era →
5216:
5211:
5181:
5176:
5158:
5140:
5122:
5108:
5100:
5082:
5064:
5052:Lord Privy Seal
5046:
5028:
5010:
4996:
4988:
4970:
4958:Lord Chancellor
4952:
4943:
4939:Sir Robert Peel
4929:
4925:
4917:
4910:Sir Robert Peel
4900:
4870:
4865:
4833:
4801:
4795:
4688:
4682:
4673:
4327:
4317:
4315:
4285:
4280:
4268:
4260:
4253:
4246:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4190:
4183:
4176:
4169:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4141:
4134:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4106:
4099:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4050:
4043:
4036:
4029:
4022:
4015:
4008:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3973:
3966:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3792:
3785:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3715:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3667:
3657:
3622:
3610:
3601:
3598:Viscount Gordon
3579:
3570:
3562:
3545:
3536:
3528:
3513:
3504:
3491:
3488:
3486:Napoleonic Wars
3471:
3462:
3451:
3443:
3433:
3424:
3416:
3406:
3397:
3389:
3379:
3370:
3362:
3352:
3343:
3335:
3333:The Lord Bexley
3286:
3259:
3244:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3039:Anderson, Olive
3008:
3006:
3003:
2998:
2997:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2947:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2925:
2921:
2912:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2890:
2886:
2868:
2864:
2847:
2843:
2834:
2830:
2821:
2817:
2808:
2799:
2790:
2786:
2777:
2770:
2762:
2758:
2748:
2746:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2723:
2721:
2720:on 21 July 2015
2712:
2711:
2707:
2698:
2694:
2685:
2681:
2672:
2668:
2656:
2652:
2639:
2635:
2627:
2623:
2615:
2611:
2602:
2598:
2589:
2585:
2574:
2570:
2561:
2557:
2548:
2544:
2524:
2520:
2513:
2499:
2495:
2488:
2474:
2470:
2461:
2457:
2448:
2444:
2437:
2421:
2417:
2412:
2408:
2399:
2395:
2386:
2382:
2374:
2370:
2366:Martin, 110–112
2365:
2361:
2352:
2348:
2332:
2328:
2319:
2315:
2299:
2295:
2285:A.B. Cunningham
2283:
2279:
2270:
2266:
2255:
2251:
2235:
2231:
2223:
2206:
2192:
2188:
2177:
2173:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2130:
2106:
2079:
2074:
2003:
1998:
1534:
1497:Ferdinand Mount
1493:Stanmore church
1395:
1382:François Guizot
1373:
1367:
1342:Caroline affair
1326:
1239:
1152:
1128:
1111:Lord Palmerston
1047:
1041:
965:
913:Sir Robert Peel
874:
860:Thomas Lawrence
847:
828:Viscount Gordon
812:Treaty of Paris
761:
709:
677:First Opium War
611:
604:
597:
590:
583:
579:
542:Charlotte Baird
541:
519:
516:
500:
496:
493:
492:Harriet Douglas
487:
471:
467:
464:
444:
439:
431:
430:Other political
419:Political party
389:
385:
361:
360:28 January 1784
355:
353:
352:
351:
325:
319:The Lord Bexley
313:
303:
297:
292:
273:
261:
256:Sir Robert Peel
251:
245:
240:
223:
211:
199:
193:
188:
178:
168:
162:Sir Robert Peel
156:
150:
145:
126:
114:
98:
93:
77:
65:
40:
38:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5661:
5651:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5468:
5467:
5462:
5461:
5459:
5458:
5448:
5442:
5439:
5438:
5436:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5428:
5427:
5426:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5355:
5353:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5340:
5338:Queen Victoria
5335:
5334:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5280:
5275:
5274:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5255:
5253:British empire
5250:
5244:
5242:
5236:
5235:
5233:
5232:
5227:
5225:← Georgian era
5221:
5218:
5217:
5210:
5209:
5202:
5195:
5187:
5178:
5177:
5175:
5174:
5168:
5166:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5156:
5150:
5148:
5142:
5141:
5139:
5138:
5132:
5130:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5120:
5114:
5112:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5098:
5092:
5090:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5080:
5074:
5072:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5062:
5056:
5054:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5044:
5038:
5036:
5030:
5029:
5027:
5026:
5024:Henry Goulburn
5020:
5018:
5016:Home Secretary
5012:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5002:
5000:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4980:
4978:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4968:
4962:
4960:
4954:
4953:
4946:
4944:
4942:
4941:
4935:
4933:
4919:
4918:
4907:Prime Minister
4899:
4898:
4891:
4884:
4876:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4863:
4851:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4805:
4803:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4692:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4328:
4314:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4291:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4258:
4251:
4244:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4160:
4153:
4146:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4118:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4055:
4048:
4041:
4034:
4027:
4020:
4013:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3828:Lord Grenville
3824:
3817:
3810:
3802:
3800:
3798:United Kingdom
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3677:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3656:
3655:
3648:
3641:
3633:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3612:
3611:
3606:
3603:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3572:
3563:
3558:
3554:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3538:
3529:
3524:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3514:
3509:
3506:
3497:
3489:
3484:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3464:
3454:
3453:
3444:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3429:
3426:
3417:
3412:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3399:
3390:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3372:
3363:
3358:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3345:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3310:
3301:
3284:
3273:
3257:
3250:
3249:
3233:
3232:External links
3230:
3229:
3228:
3218:
3208:
3198:
3188:
3178:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3117:
3107:
3100:
3099:
3098:
3078:
3063:10.1086/236517
3057:(4): 449–484.
3046:
3036:
3026:Chisholm, Hugh
3002:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2992:. p. 907.
2981:
2967:
2964:. p. 903.
2953:
2945:
2928:
2919:
2906:
2897:
2884:
2862:
2841:
2828:
2815:
2797:
2784:
2768:
2756:
2731:
2705:
2692:
2679:
2666:
2650:
2633:
2621:
2609:
2596:
2583:
2568:
2555:
2542:
2538:978-0404562786
2518:
2511:
2493:
2486:
2468:
2455:
2442:
2435:
2415:
2406:
2393:
2380:
2368:
2359:
2346:
2326:
2313:
2293:
2277:
2264:
2249:
2229:
2204:
2186:
2171:
2162:
2153:
2151:MacIntyre, 641
2144:
2142:MacIntyre, 644
2135:
2128:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2043:the Disruption
2002:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1850:
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1840:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1831:
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1826:
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1823:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
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1794:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
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1773:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1753:
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1749:
1746:
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1737:
1734:
1733:
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1727:
1726:
1723:
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1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1698:
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1691:
1688:
1687:
1685:
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1678:
1675:
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1668:
1666:
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1660:
1657:
1656:
1654:
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1642:
1639:
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1634:
1632:
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1622:
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1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1542:
1541:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1477:
1476:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1453:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1394:
1391:
1380:in Vienna and
1366:
1363:
1330:Daniel Webster
1325:
1322:
1317:Windsor Castle
1283:battle of Alma
1245:The coalition
1238:
1235:
1151:
1148:
1144:Home Secretary
1107:Ottoman Empire
1103:Russian Empire
1040:
1037:
964:
961:
941:Queen Isabella
933:Queen Victoria
925:Oregon dispute
879:John Partridge
870:Lord Aberdeen
846:
843:
772:House of Lords
760:
757:
751:, daughter of
741:Master of Arts
708:
705:
685:House of Lords
572:
571:
568:
567:
560:
556:
555:
550:
544:
543:
536:
532:
531:
525:
521:
520:
518:
517:
498:
494:
491:
490:
488:
469:
465:
460:
459:
456:
454:
450:
449:
433:
427:
426:
420:
416:
415:
410:
406:
405:
403:United Kingdom
388:(aged 76)
382:
378:
377:
349:
347:
343:
342:
338:
337:
334:
333:
328:
322:
321:
316:
310:
309:
306:
304:Prime Minister
300:
299:
289:
288:
282:
281:
276:
270:
269:
264:
258:
257:
254:
252:Prime Minister
248:
247:
237:
236:
230:
229:
226:
220:
219:
214:
208:
207:
202:
200:Prime Minister
196:
195:
185:
184:
181:
175:
174:
171:
165:
164:
159:
157:Prime Minister
153:
152:
142:
141:
135:
134:
129:
123:
122:
117:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
90:
89:
83:
82:
79:
78:
75:
67:
66:
39:
36:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5660:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5483:Victorian era
5481:
5480:
5478:
5457:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5443:
5440:
5432:
5429:
5425:
5422:
5421:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5376:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5350:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5278:Pax Britannia
5276:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5245:
5243:
5241:
5237:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5219:
5215:
5214:Victorian era
5208:
5203:
5201:
5196:
5194:
5189:
5188:
5185:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5155:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5147:
5143:
5137:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5129:
5125:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5097:
5094:
5093:
5091:
5089:
5085:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5071:
5067:
5061:
5058:
5057:
5055:
5053:
5049:
5043:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5035:
5031:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5017:
5013:
5007:
5004:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4973:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4961:
4959:
4955:
4950:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4920:
4915:
4911:
4908:
4904:
4897:
4892:
4890:
4885:
4883:
4878:
4877:
4874:
4862:
4861:
4857:
4852:
4850:
4849:
4840:
4839:
4836:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4798:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4685:
4680:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4654:Gordon Walker
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4321:
4312:
4307:
4305:
4300:
4298:
4293:
4292:
4289:
4276:
4267:
4266:
4263:
4256:
4252:
4249:
4245:
4242:
4238:
4235:
4231:
4228:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4210:
4207:
4203:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4186:
4182:
4179:
4175:
4172:
4168:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4154:
4151:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4126:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4091:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4070:
4067:
4063:
4060:
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4049:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4035:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4021:
4018:
4014:
4011:
4007:
4004:
4000:
3997:
3993:
3990:
3986:
3983:
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3962:
3958:
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3909:
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3892:
3888:
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3878:
3874:
3871:
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3864:
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3857:
3853:
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3846:
3843:
3839:
3836:
3832:
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3825:
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3808:
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3799:
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3707:
3704:
3700:
3697:
3693:
3690:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3673:Great Britain
3670:
3665:
3661:
3654:
3649:
3647:
3642:
3640:
3635:
3634:
3631:
3625:
3618:
3609:
3600:
3599:
3593:
3589:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3569:
3568:
3561:
3560:George Gordon
3555:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3535:
3534:
3527:
3521:
3516:
3512:
3503:
3502:
3496:
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3405:
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3351:
3342:
3341:
3334:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3283:
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3269:
3263:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3247:
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3223:
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3217:
3213:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3197:
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3189:
3187:
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3179:
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3173:
3169:
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3159:
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3138:
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3130:
3129:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3094:(vol 2 1922)
3093:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3084:(vol 1 1922)
3083:
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3064:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3047:
3044:
3040:
3037:
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3032:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3016:public domain
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2806:
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2802:
2794:
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2781:
2775:
2773:
2766:, p. 47.
2765:
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2527:
2522:
2514:
2512:9781330331842
2508:
2504:
2497:
2489:
2487:9781107631960
2483:
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2436:9780199261642
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2245:0-550-18022-2
2242:
2238:
2233:
2227:, p. 46.
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1989:
1987:
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1414:Lord Abercorn
1411:
1404:
1403:Matthew Noble
1399:
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1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1321:
1318:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1252:
1248:
1243:
1233:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1168:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1066:wrote in his
1065:
1059:
1051:
1046:
1036:
1034:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:Earl of Derby
1013:
1009:
1008:Irish Brigade
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
981:
978:
974:
970:
963:In opposition
960:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
929:Oregon Treaty
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
901:
899:
895:
891:
887:
880:
868:
861:
857:
856:
851:
842:
840:
835:
833:
832:Privy Council
829:
823:
818:
815:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
766:
756:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
704:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
652:
650:
644:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
617:
610:
603:
596:
589:
582:
578:
569:
565:
561:
557:
554:
551:
549:
545:
540:
537:
533:
530:
527:9, including
526:
522:
489:
463:
458:
457:
455:
451:
448:(before 1834)
447:
442:
437:
434:
428:
424:
421:
417:
414:
411:
409:Resting place
407:
404:
400:
396:
392:
383:
379:
376:
375:Great Britain
372:
368:
364:
350:George Gordon
348:
344:
339:
335:
332:
329:
323:
320:
317:
311:
307:
301:
295:
290:
287:
283:
280:
277:
271:
268:
265:
259:
255:
249:
243:
238:
235:
231:
227:
221:
218:
215:
209:
206:
203:
197:
191:
186:
182:
176:
172:
166:
163:
160:
154:
148:
143:
140:
136:
133:
130:
124:
121:
118:
112:
109:
106:
102:
96:
91:
88:
84:
80:
73:
68:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
34:
29:
26:
22:
5446:Bibliography
5359:Demographics
5305:
5257:By location
5248:British Army
5077:
4853:
4841:
4701:Douglas-Home
4644:Douglas-Home
4443:
4423:
4157:Douglas-Home
4066:Lloyd George
3932:
3731:G. Grenville
3596:
3592:New creation
3591:
3565:
3531:
3499:
3492:
3481:
3457:
3446:
3419:
3392:
3365:
3338:
3275:
3266:
3221:
3211:
3201:
3191:
3181:
3171:
3164:
3157:
3149:
3136:
3132:
3124:
3110:
3091:
3081:
3054:
3050:
3042:
3029:
3001:Bibliography
2989:
2984:
2975:
2970:
2961:
2956:
2936:
2931:
2922:
2914:
2913:J. Debrett,
2909:
2900:
2892:
2891:J. Debrett,
2887:
2878:
2873:
2865:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2844:
2836:
2831:
2823:
2818:
2810:
2792:
2787:
2779:
2764:Holland 1911
2759:
2747:. Retrieved
2743:
2734:
2722:. Retrieved
2718:the original
2708:
2700:
2695:
2687:
2682:
2674:
2669:
2658:
2653:
2641:
2636:
2624:
2612:
2604:
2599:
2591:
2586:
2577:
2571:
2563:
2558:
2550:
2545:
2529:
2521:
2502:
2496:
2477:
2471:
2463:
2458:
2450:
2445:
2425:
2418:
2409:
2401:
2396:
2388:
2383:
2371:
2362:
2354:
2349:
2342:: Volume 11,
2337:
2329:
2321:
2316:
2304:
2296:
2288:
2280:
2272:
2267:
2258:
2252:
2232:
2225:Holland 1911
2198:
2189:
2180:
2174:
2165:
2156:
2147:
2138:
2115:
2058:
2051:
2035:
2015:Presbyterian
2010:
2004:
1756:
1515:
1507:
1505:
1500:
1481:Argyll House
1478:
1432:
1407:
1374:
1327:
1314:
1291:
1256:
1230:
1226:
1219:
1213:
1185:
1169:
1165:
1153:
1137:
1133:
1100:
1081:
1067:
1060:
1056:
1029:
1005:
1000:
993:Free Traders
982:
966:
937:Henry Bulwer
902:
883:
853:
836:
827:
825:
820:
816:
780:tuberculosis
762:
710:
700:
696:
692:
653:
645:
629:Conservative
620:
576:
575:
441:Conservative
432:affiliations
386:(1860-12-14)
326:Succeeded by
293:
274:Succeeded by
241:
224:Succeeded by
189:
179:Succeeded by
146:
127:Succeeded by
94:
25:
5498:1860 deaths
5493:1784 births
5404:Masculinity
4579:Chamberlain
4409:Castlereagh
4115:Chamberlain
3280:1803–2005:
2749:23 December
1485:St. James's
1346:Creole case
1277:, north of
1221:Charlemagne
1157:Crimean War
875: 1847
672:Robert Peel
641:Crimean War
443:(1834–1846)
438:(1859–1860)
425:(1846–1859)
314:Preceded by
262:Preceded by
212:Preceded by
169:Preceded by
115:Preceded by
5477:Categories
4721:Carrington
4529:Iddesleigh
4474:Malmesbury
4459:Malmesbury
4449:Palmerston
4439:Palmerston
4434:Wellington
4429:Palmerston
4369:Hawkesbury
3954:Palmerston
3940:Palmerston
3891:Wellington
3870:Wellington
3766:Rockingham
3738:Rockingham
3710:Devonshire
3689:Wilmington
3602:1814–1860
3571:1801–1860
3537:1846–1860
3505:1813–1814
3463:1852–1855
3425:1841–1846
3398:1834–1835
3371:1828–1830
2740:"Umbrella"
2011:ex officio
1953:15. ?
1845:13. ?
1512:Lord Byron
1387:Opium Wars
1279:Sevastopol
707:Early life
668:Wellington
666:death and
621:Lord Haddo
548:Alma mater
391:St James's
367:Midlothian
356:1784-01-28
5424:Burlesque
5399:Jewellery
5379:Cosmetics
4914:1834–1835
4706:Callaghan
4634:Macmillan
4584:Henderson
4574:MacDonald
4554:Lansdowne
4549:Salisbury
4544:Kimberley
4534:Salisbury
4519:Salisbury
4514:Granville
4509:Salisbury
4499:Granville
4494:Clarendon
4484:Clarendon
4469:Clarendon
4454:Granville
4404:Wellesley
4364:Grenville
4185:Callaghan
4150:Macmillan
4136:Churchill
4122:Churchill
4101:MacDonald
4087:MacDonald
4038:Salisbury
4024:Gladstone
4017:Salisbury
4010:Gladstone
4003:Salisbury
3996:Gladstone
3982:Gladstone
3905:Melbourne
3884:Melbourne
3849:Liverpool
3814:Addington
3773:Shelburne
3717:Newcastle
3703:Newcastle
3071:143965932
2594:, p. 145.
2566:, p. 109.
2553:, p. 105.
2334:Karl Marx
2031:Middlesex
1294:Balaclava
1275:Eupatoria
1259:Wallachia
1204:Wallachia
1173:Holy Land
997:Corn Laws
969:Corn Laws
719:, son of
713:Edinburgh
699:. I have
681:Hong Kong
664:Canning's
559:Signature
535:Parent(s)
395:Middlesex
363:Edinburgh
294:In office
242:In office
190:In office
147:In office
95:In office
5456:Category
5414:Painting
5409:Morality
5271:Scotland
4819:Cleverly
4766:Miliband
4711:Crosland
4624:Morrison
4539:Rosebery
4524:Rosebery
4444:Aberdeen
4424:Aberdeen
4399:Bathurst
4379:Mulgrave
4374:Harrowby
4344:Grantham
4275:Category
4192:Thatcher
4031:Rosebery
3975:Disraeli
3933:Aberdeen
3863:Goderich
3842:Perceval
3835:Portland
3780:Portland
3123:(1983).
2724:2 August
2247:, page 4
2027:Stanmore
2019:Anglican
1532:Ancestry
1501:Umbrella
1455:General
1285:and set
1263:Moldavia
1208:Moldavia
973:Peelites
804:Napoleon
711:Born in
616:FSA Scot
524:Children
371:Scotland
108:Victoria
62:FSA Scot
5419:Theatre
5389:Fashion
5384:Erotica
5261:Ireland
4903:Cabinet
4824:Cameron
4781:Johnson
4776:Hammond
4761:Beckett
4746:Rifkind
4696:Stewart
4669:Stewart
4659:Stewart
4609:Halifax
4589:Reading
4564:Balfour
4489:Stanley
4479:Russell
4464:Russell
4414:Canning
4394:Canning
4255:Starmer
4234:Johnson
4220:Cameron
4108:Baldwin
4094:Baldwin
4080:Baldwin
4059:Asquith
4045:Balfour
3961:Russell
3919:Russell
3856:Canning
3752:Grafton
3315:at the
3306:at the
3277:Hansard
3271:. 1921.
3214:(1936)
3045:(1967).
3028:(ed.).
3018::
2357:p. 466.
2344:p. 352.
2324:(1978).
1514:in his
1068:Memoirs
927:by the
907:in the
903:He was
770:in the
633:Peelite
515:
499:
495:
486:
470:
466:
453:Spouses
436:Liberal
423:Peelite
399:England
104:Monarch
5394:Houses
5266:London
4649:Butler
4569:Curzon
4419:Dudley
4389:Howick
4354:Temple
4178:Wilson
4164:Wilson
4129:Attlee
3696:Pelham
3482:Vacant
3226:online
3216:online
3206:online
3186:Online
3115:online
3104:online
3096:online
3086:online
3076:online
3069:
3024:". In
3012:
2943:
2663:online
2646:online
2536:
2509:
2484:
2433:
2309:online
2243:
2126:
1489:London
1393:Family
1365:Legacy
1359:Hawaii
1338:Oregon
1253:, 1855
1218:, the
949:Guizot
862:, 1830
792:Vienna
735:, and
733:Harrow
727:, and
656:Vienna
529:George
505:
476:
5431:Women
4829:Lammy
4814:Truss
4771:Hague
4756:Straw
4736:Major
4664:Brown
4639:Lloyd
4619:Bevin
4599:Hoare
4594:Simon
4504:Derby
4359:Leeds
4248:Sunak
4241:Truss
4213:Brown
4206:Blair
4199:Major
4171:Heath
3968:Derby
3947:Derby
3926:Derby
3759:North
3196:JSTOR
3141:JSTOR
3067:S2CID
2072:Notes
2062:David
1334:Maine
701:loved
697:loved
693:loved
614:
612:,
607:
605:,
600:
598:,
593:
591:,
586:
584:,
513:)
501:(
497:
484:)
472:(
468:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
4809:Raab
4791:Raab
4786:Hunt
4751:Cook
4741:Hurd
4731:Howe
4716:Owen
4629:Eden
4614:Eden
4604:Eden
4559:Grey
4143:Eden
3912:Peel
3898:Peel
3877:Grey
3724:Bute
3664:list
2941:ISBN
2751:2021
2726:2015
2534:ISBN
2507:ISBN
2482:ISBN
2431:ISBN
2241:ISBN
2124:ISBN
1261:and
1206:and
765:Tory
631:and
625:Tory
609:FRSE
511:1833
507:1815
482:1812
478:1805
446:Tory
381:Died
346:Born
58:FRSE
4905:of
4726:Pym
4384:Fox
4349:Fox
4339:Fox
4227:May
4073:Law
3059:doi
1755:1.
1644:2.
1589:4.
1563:8.
1273:at
1163:".
1001:all
877:by
858:by
602:FRS
54:FRS
5479::
3290:.
3265:.
3065:.
3055:12
3053:.
3041:.
2800:^
2771:^
2742:.
2532:,
2528:,
2303:,
2239:,
2207:^
2197:.
2122:.
2120:28
2114:.
2080:^
2068:.
2033:.
2029:,
2013:a
1528:.
1503:.
1487:,
1483:,
1289:.
1126:c.
1109:.
959:.
900:.
872:c.
834:.
755:.
627:,
595:PC
588:KT
581:KG
503:m.
474:m.
401:,
397:,
393:,
373:,
369:,
365:,
50:PC
46:KT
42:KG
5206:e
5199:t
5192:v
4916:)
4912:(
4895:e
4888:t
4881:v
4310:e
4303:t
4296:v
3666:)
3662:(
3652:e
3645:t
3638:v
3294:.
3152:.
3127:.
3106:.
3073:.
3061::
2949:.
2753:.
2728:.
2648:.
2515:.
2490:.
2439:.
2311:)
2132:.
2041:"
915:(
358:)
354:(
23:.
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