33:
246:. The 9 set out to sea at night, with only a cheap compass and a map torn from an atlas, intending to escape to Crete. On the second day at sea, rough winds took the sail out of control and tore through its canvas. The men had to take turns to row, right through the night, until they managed to repair the sail. On the third day, they spotted a ship in the distance. They managed to attract the attention of the crew of what turned out to be the British destroyer,
2058:
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Bizos was appointed by
President Mandela to the Judicial Services Commission in 1994. It was responsible for recommending candidates for appointment as judges, as well as proposing post-apartheid reforms to the judicial system. Bizos was the leader of the team for the South African Government to
469:
argue that the death penalty was unconstitutional, and counsel for the
National Assembly in the Certification of the Constitution by the Constitutional Court. He later served as a legal advisor to Mandela in 2005, during a bitter legal dispute with the latter's former lawyer,
387:. The accused were sentenced to life imprisonment, but spared the death penalty. Although it is sometimes said that he claims to have drafted Mandela's famous speech spoken at the trial, he says that his main contribution was to advise the use of the words "
391:" before Mandela said that he was prepared to die. Bizos believed that this may have contributed to the avoidance of the death penalty, by having Mandela not appear to seek martyrdom. This trial saw the arrival of a group of human rights lawyers –
1577:
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and lawyer Bally Chuene as directors of two of
Mandela's firms. Bizos said that the daughters were trying to "get their hands on things that should not be sold". The case was delayed after the daughters' lawyer
425:
Bizos subsequently became a senior member of the
Johannesburg Bar in 1978. He was a member of the National Council of Lawyers for Human Rights, which he helped found in 1979. He was senior counsel at the
1731:
1126:
231:. He was born on 14 November 1927, although this was erroneously recorded on his South African identity documents as 1928, owing to his father's declaration to the authorities upon arrival in Egypt.
1850:
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Bizos was married to Arethe Daflos, known as "Rita", who he met in 1948 when she was an art student. The couple had three sons. Rita died in 2017, shortly before her husband's 90th birthday.
886:
1419:
1075:
517:, which tells the story of the trial. The title reflects Goldberg's words to his mother at the end of the trial on hearing that he and his comrades had been spared the death sentence.
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450:(CODESA) he served as advisor to the negotiating teams and participated in drawing up the Interim Constitution. He was involved in the drafting of legislation, and particularly the
1753:
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1607:
1965:
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hearings, he was the leader of the team that opposed applications for amnesty on behalf of the Biko, Hani, Goniwe, Calata, Mkonto, Mhlauli, Slovo and Schoon families.
1939:
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612:
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1044:
622:
1004:. The memoirs of George Bizos, with emphasis on his legal career, as related to Thomas Karis and Gail Gerhart in New York, October 1989. Aluka.
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506:
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Bizos was council for the accused in at least 26 other prominent anti-apartheid trials and inquests. In 1969 he acted for the defence of
1207:
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1599:
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458:, to bring it into line with Chapter 3 of the constitution, guaranteeing fundamental human rights to all citizens of South Africa.
447:
419:
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647:, yet was non-exclusionist, even during the heart of apartheid. It was here that people like Chris Hani's children were educated.
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1127:"EXPLAINER: The Treason Trial, Rivonia, Madikizela-Mandela: This is why George Bizos was the premier anti-apartheid lawyer"
1935:
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soldiers (Don
Gladding, Mick Karup, Peter Martin, John Lewis and three others) who were hiding in the hills to escape the
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332:
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and 21 others on charges of contravening the
Suppression of Communism Act and Unlawful Organisations Act. Together with
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2014:
1538:
998:
1201:
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George Bizos, a pre-eminent human rights lawyer who was part of the defence team in the
Rivonia treason trial
698:
688:
1991:
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2027:
Pal
Ahluwalia; Stephen Atkinson; Peter Bishop; Pam Christie; Robert Hattam; Julie Matthews, eds. (2012).
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1239:
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Five who were charged with furthering the aims of the
African National Congress and communism in 1975.
195:, which is credited with sparing him from a sentence of death. Bizos also represented the families of
1036:
461:
Bizos was retained as counsel at various inquests into the deaths of people in detention. During the
632:
473:. He also represented the Chinese Association of South Africa in a case that ended in 2008 in which
443:
411:
239:
1702:
211:
Bizos was the son of
Antonios "Antoni" Bizos, the mayor of the small village of Vasilitsi, south of
360:
in 1954. During the 1950s and 1960s he was counsel to a wide range of well-known people including
228:
61:
311:
Bizos did not go to school for his first two years in the country as he spoke neither English nor
694:
2001: International Trial Lawyer Prize of the Year by the International Academy of Trial Lawyers.
714:
Arethe Daflos-Bizos Arts Scholarship (announced on Bizos' 90th birthday to honour his late wife)
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The Routledge Companion to Museum Ethics: Redefining Ethics for the Twenty-First Century Museum
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305:
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2004:
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Two of Mandela's daughters brought court action in 2013 to oust Bizos, ex-Housing Minister
602:
549:
192:
98:
670:
Bizos died of natural causes at home on 9 September 2020 at the age of 92. He was given a
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sympathies, were demonstrating against the arrival of refugees. The Ossewabrandwag blamed
8:
172:
118:
1071:
804:
800:"George Bizos, Anti-Apartheid Lawyer Who Defended Mandela, Dies at 92 (Published 2020)"
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2010:
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in Johannesburg in the Constitutional Litigation Unit. He also served as a judge on
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254:
1600:"'Life is Wonderful' screening reinforces call for such histories in curriculum"
331:. It was during this time that he first became politically active, joining the
171:; 14 November 1927 – 9 September 2020) was a Greek-South African
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1570:"Apartheid history: Overlooked Rivonia triallists feted in Life is Wonderful"
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In 2017 Bizos appeared along with surviving defendants at the Rivonia Trial,
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1673:"George Bizos, Nelson Mandela's lawyer and anti-apartheid icon, dies at 92"
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In the 1970s Bizos helped start a Greek school, called SAHETI. It embraced
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were granted 'previously disadvantaged' status, thus qualifying them for
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1962:"IBA announces George Bizos as winner of Bernard Simons Memorial Award"
1906:"George Bizos: Anti-apartheid lawyer who defended Mandela dies aged 92"
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191:. He instructed Mandela to add the qualification "if needs be" to his
1240:"George Bizos, Anti-Apartheid Lawyer Who Defended Mandela, Dies at 92"
701:(IBA) named Bizos the winner of the 2004 Bernard Simons Memorial Award
234:
In May 1941 at the age of thirteen, Bizos and his father helped seven
2006:
The Worlds Cause Lawyers Make: Structure and Agency in Legal Practice
1964:(Press release). The International Bar Association. 22 October 2004.
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activists killed by the government, throughout the hearings of the
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1992:"Still fighting for his friend: An interview with George Bizos"
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94:
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1371:"Bizos behind vicious campaign to discredit, defame me — Ayob"
1068:"'Legendary': Prominent human rights lawyer George Bizos dies"
2002:
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243:
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from 1963 to 1964, Bizos was part of the team that defended
2069:
1754:"Nelson Mandela's children turn on his lawyer George Bizos"
1389:"Mandela can still look after his own affairs : Bizos"
446:' (ANC) Legal and Constitutional Committee in 1990, and at
328:
1814:"Nelson Mandela court case delayed after Ayob withdraws"
1784:"Nelson Mandela family feud deepens as Mandla hits back"
567:
in the Rivonia Trial in 1963–64, and afterwards his wife
1724:"Mandela Fades Amid Battles Over Who Will Claim Legacy"
727:
No One to Blame?: In Pursuit of Justice in South Africa
840:"How two teachers helped George Bizos become a lawyer"
615:
hearing where Hani's assassins had applied for amnesty
525:
Bizos represented the following people, among others:
1539:"Unsung heroes: the men who stood trial with Mandela"
1311:"Renowned human rights lawyer George Bizos has died"
1679:. London. Agence France-Presse. 10 September 2020.
585:'s family, regarding his death in detention in 1982
579:'s family, regarding his death in detention in 1977
573:'s family, regarding his death in detention in 1971
750:. South Africa: Penguin & Random House. 2011.
591:in a trial for involvement in ANC activities, 1982
1707:"Hellenic ideals inspired anti apartheid fighter"
1099:. Befordview and Edendale News. 6 December 2019.
2076:
711:George Bizos Saheti Scholarship and Bursary Fund
909:"Media Challenge: Who and Where Are the Seven?"
304:(rubbish) of Europe to South Africa. The local
2003:Austin Sarat; Stuart Scheingold, eds. (2005).
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1876:"Human rights advocate George Bizos has died"
936:
934:
520:
2110:White South African anti-apartheid activists
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2021:...leading human rights lawyer George Bizos
1450:"Friday Khutbar – Ummah.com – Muslim Forum"
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770:. Penguin Random House South Africa. 2017.
691:Class II medal from then President Mandela.
1418:Moya, Fikile-Notsikelelo (5 August 2005).
931:
662:
31:
2009:. Stanford University Press. p. 60.
1537:Stadlen, Nick (Nicholas) (22 July 2018).
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992:
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418:and Dennis Kuny, he also represented the
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1125:de Villiers, James (10 September 2020).
1023:
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978:
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448:Convention for a Democratic South Africa
1936:"In memory of George Bizos (1928-2020)"
1844:"George Bizos honorary degree citation"
1640:
1536:
1097:"Friends, family celebrate Bizos' 90th"
1078:from the original on 10 September 2020.
1034:
143: 1948; died 2017)
2100:University of the Witwatersrand alumni
2077:
1968:from the original on 11 September 2014
1916:from the original on 10 September 2020
1886:from the original on 10 September 2020
1856:from the original on 10 September 2020
1683:from the original on 10 September 2020
1653:from the original on 29 September 2019
1456:from the original on 27 September 2007
1368:
1321:from the original on 10 September 2020
1290:from the original on 10 September 2020
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1210:from the original on 10 September 2020
1155:
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1151:
1149:
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1103:from the original on 30 September 2019
1047:from the original on 30 September 2019
1035:Johnson, Angella (26 September 1997).
1011:from the original on 30 September 2019
953:from the original on 30 September 2019
940:
919:from the original on 11 September 2014
889:from the original on 10 September 2020
837:
434:'s Court of Appeal from 1985 to 1993.
16:Greek-South African lawyer (1927–2020)
1942:from the original on 9 September 2020
1641:Gerhart, Gail M. (30 December 1990).
1567:
1308:
1250:from the original on 9 September 2020
1120:
1118:
1065:
996:
965:
941:Alcock, Sello S. (16 November 2008).
875:. Penguin Random House South Africa.
868:
850:from the original on 24 February 2019
831:
764:
744:
724:
681:
484:
1610:from the original on 20 October 2018
1417:
1190:Marstine, Janet, ed. (23 May 2012).
1171:from the original on 23 January 2019
501:, along with fellow defence lawyers
268:As a refugee, Bizos was sent to the
1824:from the original on 9 January 2016
1794:from the original on 16 August 2019
1734:from the original on 22 August 2013
1486:from the original on 9 January 2016
1144:
638:
613:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
463:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
308:helped integrate him into society.
201:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
13:
2125:20th-century South African lawyers
2120:21st-century South African lawyers
1984:
1622:
1580:from the original on 23 April 2019
1549:from the original on 23 April 2019
1276:Austin, Andrew (7 November 2004).
1115:
838:Isaacs, Doron (14 November 2017).
812:from the original on 20 June 2023.
674:on 17 September and was buried at
284:railway station. At the time, the
261:dropped him and his father off at
14:
2136:
2051:
1849:. University of Cape Town. 2008.
1764:from the original on 1 March 2017
1350:from the original on 29 July 2020
1238:Cowell, Alan (9 September 2020).
1037:"Greek patriarch of the struggle"
509:, in a documentary film entitled
437:
327:degree, followed by a three-year
276:. From there he went by train to
183:. He was noted for representing
2056:
1346:. South African History Online.
1309:Wicks, Jeff (9 September 2020).
1278:"Bizos' fight against apartheid"
1066:Swart, Mia (10 September 2020).
347:
333:students' representative council
2095:Greek emigrants to South Africa
1954:
1928:
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1716:
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1395:. 11 April 2005. Archived from
1369:Mabuza, Ernest (18 July 2005).
1362:
1302:
1183:
342:
317:University of the Witwatersrand
140:
109:University of the Witwatersrand
1373:. Business Day. Archived from
1317:. Johannesburg, South Africa.
1059:
997:Bizos, George (October 1989).
901:
862:
816:
792:
623:Movement for Democratic Change
240:German-occupied Greek mainland
1:
1568:Green, Pippa (13 June 2018).
913:International Bar Association
824:Ατλας της Ελληνικης διασπορας
785:
699:International Bar Association
689:Order for Meritorious Service
452:Truth and Reconciliation Bill
442:Bizos became a member of the
206:
2115:Burials at Westpark Cemetery
1713: (archived 14 July 2011)
1165:South African History Online
7:
2030:Reconciliation and Pedagogy
828:, Alexandros, 2001, p. 428.
10:
2141:
2033:. Routledge. p. 191.
1424:Mail & Guardian Online
1196:. Routledge. p. 175.
730:. New Africa Books. 1998.
521:Notable people represented
479:Black Economic Empowerment
315:. He gained entry to the
2105:Lawyers from Johannesburg
1604:Nelson Mandela University
1521:Life is Wonderful trailer
1505:Life is Wonderful Q&A
1476:"Chinese qualify for BEE"
999:"Memoirs of George Bizos"
943:"Birthday tea with Bizos"
705:
633:Winnie Madikizela-Mandela
444:African National Congress
412:Winnie Madikizela-Mandela
168:
150:
124:
114:
104:
90:
68:
42:
30:
23:
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659:withdrew from the case.
597:(known as "Terror") and
335:under the leadership of
257:. After the battle, the
62:Second Hellenic Republic
678:next to his wife Rita.
663:Personal life and death
456:Criminal Procedures Act
323:and undertook a 3-year
175:who campaigned against
1760:. AFP. 10 April 2013.
1283:The New Zealand Herald
872:65 Years of Friendship
869:Bizos, George (2017).
767:65 Years of Friendship
475:Chinese South Africans
454:and amendments to the
428:Legal Resources Centre
319:in 1949, where he met
280:, disembarking at the
2065:at Wikimedia Commons
672:special state funeral
270:Union of South Africa
1912:. 9 September 2020.
1882:. 9 September 2020.
1377:on 21 December 2008.
1167:. 17 February 2011.
611:'s family, during a
603:Delmas Treason Trial
550:Little Rivonia Trial
253:, on its way to the
1041:Mail & Guardian
947:Mail & Guardian
915:. 22 October 2004.
173:human rights lawyer
119:Human rights lawyer
1938:. Daily Maverick.
1728:The New York Times
1701:Vithoulkas, Jeana
1647:The New York Times
1420:"Poor Ismail Ayob"
1244:The New York Times
805:The New York Times
747:Odyssey to Freedom
682:Honours and awards
513:, directed by Sir
485:Film about Rivonia
2061:Media related to
757:978-1-4152-0307-1
737:978-0-86486-319-5
676:Westpark Cemetery
619:Morgan Tsvangirai
536:Trevor Huddleston
532:, since the 1950s
511:Life is Wonderful
416:Arthur Chaskalson
401:Arthur Chaskalson
362:Trevor Huddleston
352:Bizos joined the
300:for bringing the
223:peninsula of the
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1430:on 28 April 2006
1426:. Archived from
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1399:on 11 April 2005
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639:Other activities
621:, leader of the
515:Nicholas Stadlen
325:Bachelor of Arts
236:New Zealand Army
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72:9 September 2020
53:14 November 1927
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1985:Further reading
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389:if needs be
381:Govan Mbeki
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561:in 1963–64
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