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1065:
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1197:
1229:
364:
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Todd introduced modest reforms aimed at improving the education of the black majority by taking tax-money paid by
Rhodesian property owners and appropriations from the British colonial authorities, and directing it toward black schools. His government introduced a plan to give elementary education to
502:
After helping to co-ordinate the isolation and embargo of
Rhodesia, and especially after his support for legitimising guerrilla activity by black nationalists, Todd was widely condemned as a traitor by white Rhodesians. When the Smith Government was ultimately forced to give up power and the nation
468:
Todd pushed a bill through the
Legislative Assembly, allowing for multiracial trade unions, thereby undercutting the growing white nationalist influence in the unions. Lastly, in a bid to increase the number of blacks eligible to vote from 2% to 16% of the electorate, he moved to lower property and
2150:
464:
He also introduced the appellation "Mr" for blacks instead of "AM" ("African Male") and ended the prohibition on the sale of alcohol to black residents of the reserves, who were allowed to drink
European beer and wine, though not spirits.
480:
In a farewell statement, he said "We must make it possible for every individual to lead the good life, to win a place in the sun. We are in danger of becoming a race of fear-ridden neurotics – we who live in the finest country on Earth."
1770:
519:
on 8 April 1980, where Todd served until his retirement in 1985. After years of supporting Mugabe, Todd became disillusioned with the new regime due to its blatant violence against political opponents. He was appointed a
472:
In response, Todd's ministers resigned en bloc, and following the appointment of a new cabinet, his party forced him out of power; three months later he was replaced as party leader and Prime
Minister by
2157:
1504:
1420:
643:
1945:
303:. Though he had no formal medical training, Todd and his wife, Grace, set up a clinic where he delivered hundreds of babies and treated minor injuries. His ranch, Hokonui, was named after the
2715:
2780:
1706:
2909:
2676:
461:
every
African of school age. He doubled the number of primary schools and gave grants to missionary-run schools to introduce secondary school and pre-university courses for blacks.
41:
1777:
2661:
1969:
1330:
1320:
988:
954:
1716:
1455:
1984:
1440:
1405:
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1385:
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2143:
2095:
1435:
1415:
1360:
1010:
2944:
2731:
1699:
1470:
1450:
1335:
1286:
854:
2437:
2121:
2090:
2642:
2447:
2387:
2352:
2217:
1847:
1842:
1603:
1556:
1523:
1175:
2824:
2397:
2382:
2337:
2332:
1460:
1430:
839:
654:
2750:
2586:
2527:
2508:
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1692:
1613:
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2432:
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1867:
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726:
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2007:
1803:
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2746:
2705:
2701:
2571:
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2535:
2407:
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2242:
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2000:
1974:
1902:
1892:
1887:
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1350:
84:
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2616:
2591:
2237:
2110:
2105:
1988:
879:
2929:
2869:
2725:
2257:
1994:
1963:
1935:
1798:
324:
2576:
1940:
1872:
1279:
2924:
2914:
2939:
320:
2889:
912:
752:
2894:
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1272:
1090:
347:
2934:
1480:
1295:
1147:
1040:
812:
106:
428:
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1495:
1133:
332:
400:
331:
and Prime
Minister of Southern Rhodesia in 1953 when Huggins became the inaugural Prime Minister of the newly established
529:
53:
2761:
2519:
2018:
299:
and ran the Dadaya New
Zealand Churches of Christ Mission school. One of the primary-school teachers in his charge was
2864:
539:
During retirement, Todd donated 3,000 acres (12 km) of his ranch to former guerillas who had been maimed in the
447:
407:
968:
586:
508:
507:
in 1980, Todd was immediately considered for appointment to the new black government for his "collaborating" role.
2811:
869:
485:
282:
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1303:
915:
414:
385:
381:
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609:
2166:
742:
568:
1080:
396:
1684:
1727:
1264:
1049:
819:
250:
2919:
1239:
1033:
1955:
1950:
230:
89:
1018:
374:
94:
691:
2194:
2041:
533:
308:
336:
328:
173:
671:
2859:
2854:
1638:
1584:
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1537:
1509:
1410:
1026:
421:
340:
177:
8:
2487:
2222:
1207:
1085:
591:
544:
258:
226:
2502:
2457:
2377:
2357:
1786:
1648:
1618:
1380:
1365:
1340:
1325:
696:
676:
543:. Nonetheless, Todd's criticism of Mugabe intensified and, in 2002, he was stripped of
540:
516:
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1852:
1668:
1658:
1575:
1552:
1311:
1253:
1202:
1138:
1070:
254:
234:
2776:
2596:
2531:
2422:
2232:
1959:
1837:
1608:
978:
925:
735:
494:
in
October 1958, for having served more than three years on the executive council.
278:
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2347:
1927:
1912:
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1623:
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1400:
1390:
1375:
1370:
1355:
1345:
1105:
1095:
829:
627:
573:
521:
474:
118:
2681:
2541:
2497:
2392:
2183:
2100:
1979:
1814:
490:
28:
2848:
2829:
2402:
2367:
2282:
1732:
1532:
1485:
1248:
1216:
1110:
715:
Sir
Garfield Todd – Liberal Rhodesian premier brought down over black reforms
610:
Sir Garfield Todd – Liberal Rhodesian premier brought down over black reforms
512:
304:
300:
2796:
2626:
2611:
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2482:
2372:
2297:
2049:
2026:
1877:
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1628:
1542:
1152:
719:
614:
525:
285:. In 1932 he married Jean Grace Wilson, with whom he had three daughters.
274:
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74:
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2209:
2198:
2187:
1829:
1818:
1807:
1736:
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1653:
730:
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143:
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1897:
789:
296:
293:
221:
2771:
1743:
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1115:
488:
and several other portfolios. He was granted retention of the title
363:
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1594:
1519:
1299:
1234:
1170:
1053:
1048:
504:
262:
163:
159:
25:
2565:
733:
discussing her political activities in Zimbabwe and her father,
40:
1074:(1923–1965, the internationally accepted legal name until 1980)
767:
641:
346:
From 1955 to 1960 Todd served as first vice-president of the
644:"Holders of Administrative and Ministerial Office 1894-1964"
635:
2910:
Members of the Legislative Assembly of Southern Rhodesia
511:, following the recommendation of Prime Minister-elect
547:. He died, aged 94, on 13 October 2002, in Bulawayo.
524:, for services to Africa and New Zealand, by Queen
469:education qualifications, but this was rejected.
388:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
257:from 1953 to 1958 and later became an opponent of
2846:
632:, Patrick Keatley, Penguin Books, 1963, page 250
700:(2nd supplement). 31 December 1985. p. 29.
249:(13 July 1908 – 13 October 2002) was a liberal
2151:
1771:
1700:
1280:
1034:
846:Minister of Trade and Industrial Development
484:In addition to prime ministership, Todd was
66:7 September 1953 – 17 February 1958
2945:Zimbabwe African People's Union politicians
932:as Minister of Justice and Internal Affairs
564:
562:
560:
277:, New Zealand, in 1908. He was educated at
2158:
2144:
1778:
1764:
1707:
1693:
1287:
1273:
1041:
1027:
605:
603:
601:
281:, Glen Leith Theological College, and the
39:
448:Learn how and when to remove this message
288:Todd emigrated to Southern Rhodesia from
16:Southern Rhodesian politician (1908–2002)
690:
670:
557:
314:
753:Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly
598:
2875:University of the Witwatersrand alumni
2847:
1002:Minister of Labour and Social Welfare
348:World Convention of Churches of Christ
2165:
2139:
1759:
1688:
1268:
1022:
642:F. M. G. Willson and G. C. Passmore.
2905:Zimbabwean people of English descent
386:adding citations to reliable sources
357:
333:Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
2930:Protestant missionaries in Zimbabwe
2870:New Zealand Protestant missionaries
903:as Minister of Internal Affairs and
820:Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia
743:Interview on New Zealand television
54:Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia
13:
247:Sir Reginald Stephen Garfield Todd
14:
2956:
2925:New Zealand emigrants to Zimbabwe
2915:Members of the Senate of Zimbabwe
888:Minister of Posts and Telegraphs
708:
2940:United Federal Party politicians
1227:
1195:
1163:
1126:
1063:
727:Mugabe was rotten from the start
680:. 24 October 1958. p. 6500.
503:became the independent state of
362:
323:to parliament. He succeeded Sir
373:needs additional citations for
283:University of the Witwatersrand
196:
2890:Interior ministers of Rhodesia
684:
664:
651:University of Zimbabwe Library
621:
580:
335:in 1953. At the same time the
1:
2895:Justice ministers of Rhodesia
2885:Finance ministers of Rhodesia
497:
353:
268:
2935:Rhodesian Congregationalists
969:Minister of Native Education
913:Minister of Internal Affairs
532:, at the instigation of the
7:
2880:Prime ministers of Rhodesia
629:The Politics of Partnership
95:Sir Peveril William-Powlett
10:
2961:
1785:
1717:1st Parliament of Zimbabwe
587:A daughter of Southlanders
2810:
2652:
2518:
2208:
2173:
2135:
2058:
2040:
2017:
1926:
1828:
1793:
1755:
1741:Leader of the Opposition:
1724:
1593:
1574:
1551:
1518:
1494:
1310:
1225:
1193:
1161:
1124:
1061:
1007:
1000:
985:
975:
966:
961:
951:
944:
939:
922:
910:
895:
886:
876:
867:
861:
851:
844:
836:
826:
817:
809:
804:
796:
788:Member of Parliament for
786:
781:
766:Member of Parliament for
764:
758:
751:
240:
220:
206:
183:
169:
149:
133:
128:
124:
112:
100:
80:
70:
59:
51:
47:
38:
23:
2865:People from Invercargill
550:
515:, appointed Todd to the
307:in his home province of
231:Witwatersrand University
776:Constituency abolished
2195:Simbarashe Mumbengegwi
1496:Rhodesia and Nyasaland
1134:Rhodesia and Nyasaland
545:Zimbabwean nationality
534:New Zealand government
325:Godfrey Martin Huggins
2900:Rhodesian politicians
1208:an unrecognised state
1176:an unrecognised state
1137:(1953–1963, of which
995:as Minister of Labour
855:Geoffrey Ellman-Brown
530:1986 New Year Honours
337:United Rhodesia Party
329:United Rhodesia Party
315:Political involvement
174:United Rhodesia Party
1585:David Colville Smith
1566:David Colville Smith
1538:David Colville Smith
1296:Ministers of Finance
1011:Sir George Davenport
382:improve this article
341:United Federal Party
178:United Federal Party
1086:Howard Unwin Moffat
1056:and its antecedents
946:Minister of Labour
905:Minister of Justice
870:Minister of Finance
813:Sir Godfrey Huggins
761:Leslie Thomas Smith
739:, 23 September 2007
592:The Southland Times
486:Minister of Finance
259:white minority rule
227:University of Otago
107:Sir Godfrey Huggins
90:Sir Robert Tredgold
1240:a recognised state
805:Political offices
697:The London Gazette
677:The London Gazette
541:Rhodesian Bush War
2842:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2167:House of Assembly
2131:
2130:
1812:Deputy President:
1682:
1681:
1576:Southern Rhodesia
1553:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
1312:Southern Rhodesia
1262:
1261:
1254:Morgan Tsvangirai
1203:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
1139:Southern Rhodesia
1071:Southern Rhodesia
1017:
1016:
1008:Succeeded by
998:
976:Succeeded by
952:Succeeded by
935:
923:Succeeded by
908:
898:Julius Greenfield
877:Succeeded by
852:Succeeded by
840:William Winterton
827:Succeeded by
797:Succeeded by
745:, 13 January 1980
723:, 14 October 2002
660:on 1 August 2020.
618:, 14 October 2002
595:, 31 January 2009
577:, 14 October 2002
569:Sir Garfield Todd
458:
457:
450:
432:
327:as leader of the
319:In 1948 Todd won
273:Todd was born in
255:Southern Rhodesia
244:
243:
235:Butler University
189:Jean Grace Wilson
33:Sir Garfield Todd
2952:
2920:Knights Bachelor
2160:
2153:
2146:
2137:
2136:
1956:Hamilton Ritchie
1780:
1773:
1766:
1757:
1756:
1709:
1702:
1695:
1686:
1685:
1289:
1282:
1275:
1266:
1265:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1132:
1130:
1129:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1020:
1019:
992:
986:Preceded by
979:Rubidge Stumbles
929:
926:Rubidge Stumbles
900:
896:Preceded by
864:Donald MacIntyre
862:Preceded by
837:Preceded by
810:Preceded by
783:New constituency
759:Preceded by
749:
748:
736:The Sunday Times
702:
701:
688:
682:
681:
668:
662:
661:
659:
653:. Archived from
648:
639:
633:
625:
619:
607:
596:
584:
578:
566:
453:
446:
442:
439:
433:
431:
390:
366:
358:
279:Otago University
216:Cynthia Gay Todd
200:
198:
156:
129:Personal details
115:
103:
85:Sir John Kennedy
64:
43:
21:
20:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2834:
2806:
2654:Rhodesian Front
2648:
2514:
2204:
2192:Deputy Speaker:
2169:
2164:
2127:
2054:
2036:
2013:
1928:Rhodesian Front
1922:
1824:
1789:
1784:
1751:
1720:
1715:Members of the
1713:
1683:
1678:
1589:
1570:
1547:
1514:
1490:
1306:
1304:its antecedents
1293:
1263:
1258:
1237:
1228:
1226:
1221:
1205:
1196:
1194:
1189:
1173:
1164:
1162:
1157:
1148:Godfrey Huggins
1136:
1127:
1125:
1120:
1106:Edgar Whitehead
1096:Godfrey Huggins
1091:George Mitchell
1081:Charles Coghlan
1073:
1064:
1062:
1057:
1050:Prime Ministers
1047:
1013:
1004:
991:
981:
972:
957:
948:
928:
919:
904:
899:
890:
882:
873:
865:
857:
848:
842:
832:
830:Edgar Whitehead
823:
815:
800:
799:Ian Birt Dillon
793:
771:
762:
729:Interview with
711:
706:
705:
689:
685:
669:
665:
657:
646:
640:
636:
626:
622:
608:
599:
585:
581:
574:Daily Telegraph
567:
558:
553:
522:Knight Bachelor
500:
475:Edgar Whitehead
454:
443:
437:
434:
397:"Garfield Todd"
391:
389:
379:
367:
356:
317:
271:
233:
229:
215:
213:
202:
199: 1932)
194:
190:
176:
170:Political party
158:
154:
153:13 October 2002
138:
119:Edgar Whitehead
113:
101:
93:
87:
65:
60:
34:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2709:
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2184:Didymus Mutasa
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2034:
2029:
2023:
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2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1992:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1932:
1930:
1924:
1923:
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1920:
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1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
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1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1834:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1815:Kayisa Ndiweni
1794:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1760:
1753:
1752:
1728:Prime Minister
1725:
1722:
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1704:
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1689:
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1676:
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1651:
1646:
1641:
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1600:
1598:
1597:(1980–present)
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1590:
1588:
1587:
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292:in 1934 as a
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2627:Joshua Nkomo
2542:R. Chinamano
2532:J. Chinamano
2218:Bassopo-Moyo
2191:
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2091:Mashayamombe
2031:
1811:
1797:
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1543:Ernest Bulle
1445:
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1174:(1965–1979,
1153:Roy Welensky
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392:
380:Please help
375:verification
372:
345:
318:
287:
275:Invercargill
272:
246:
245:
155:(2002-10-13)
140:Invercargill
137:13 July 1908
114:Succeeded by
88:
75:Elizabeth II
61:
18:
2860:2002 deaths
2855:1908 births
2825:Mundawarara
2672:van der Byl
2488:Ushewokunze
2458:Shamuyarira
2438:Rambanepasi
2378:Mumbengegwi
2223:Chidyausiku
2042:Independent
1843:Chinengundu
1719:(1980–1985)
1649:Mumbengegwi
1578:(1979–1980)
1526:(1965–1979)
1498:(1953–1963)
1314:(1923–1965)
916:and Justice
880:Cyril Hatty
731:Judith Todd
692:"No. 50362"
672:"No. 41531"
509:Lord Soames
339:became the
290:New Zealand
211:Judith Todd
144:New Zealand
102:Preceded by
2849:Categories
2777:Stuttaford
2677:Cartwright
2622:John Nkomo
2612:J. Ngwenya
2607:D. Ngwenya
2453:Sekeramayi
2448:Sanyangare
2383:Munyaradzi
2353:Mombeshora
2122:Charumbira
2096:Msikavanhu
1853:Culverwell
1456:Abrahamson
989:Alan Lloyd
973:1956–1957
955:Alan Lloyd
949:1956–1958
891:1953–1954
874:1953–1954
849:1953–1954
824:1953–1958
794:1948–1958
772:1946–1948
498:Later life
408:newspapers
354:Government
297:missionary
294:Protestant
269:Background
222:Alma mater
2602:E. Ndlovu
2597:C. Ndlovu
2592:A. Ndlovu
2509:Jekanyika
2503:J. Zvobgo
2498:E. Zvobgo
2478:Tavarwisa
2468:Shirihuru
2443:Rutanhire
2418:Nhiwatiwa
2398:Mutumbuka
2388:Murambiwa
2363:Mudzingwa
2358:Mnangagwa
2348:Mazorodze
2333:Mativenga
2308:Mangwende
2298:S. Makoni
2293:C. Makoni
2278:Kaparadza
2268:Kadungure
2228:Chikowore
2008:Rosenfels
1980:Partridge
1893:M. Ndlovu
1888:A. Ndlovu
1799:President
1744:Ian Smith
1669:Chinamasa
1659:Chinamasa
1619:Mnangagwa
1510:Caldicott
1505:MacIntyre
1466:Whitehead
1436:Davenport
1421:MacIntyre
1416:Davenport
1411:Caldicott
1376:Whitehead
1185:Ian Smith
1141:was part)
1116:Ian Smith
963:New title
941:New title
438:June 2019
309:Southland
62:In office
2830:Muzorewa
2820:Mukarati
2772:I. Smith
2762:D. Smith
2751:Chalmers
2697:Elsworth
2686:Berkhout
2662:Andersen
2632:S. Nkomo
2587:Muchachi
2528:Chambati
2473:Taderera
2433:Pswarayi
2423:Nyagumbo
2413:Ndangana
2338:Mavhaire
2327:Malianga
2238:Chivaura
2081:Mukarati
2076:Dakamela
2071:Chitanga
2066:Chingoma
1913:Tangwena
1908:Takawira
1848:Chivende
1838:Chidzero
1639:Kuruneri
1614:Chambati
1609:Chidzero
1595:Zimbabwe
1520:Rhodesia
1486:Wrathall
1441:Fletcher
1406:Fletcher
1396:Fletcher
1386:Fletcher
1351:Danziger
1300:Zimbabwe
1235:Zimbabwe
1171:Rhodesia
1054:Zimbabwe
505:Zimbabwe
321:election
263:Rhodesia
207:Children
164:Zimbabwe
160:Bulawayo
81:Governor
52:5th
26:Reverend
2801:Cumming
2766:Probert
2757:Shields
2747:Moseley
2742:Micklem
2722:Holland
2712:Goddard
2692:Divaris
2566:Mutanga
2562:Mangena
2557:Malunga
2493:Ziyenge
2428:Nyazika
2403:Muzenda
2323:Masango
2313:Manyika
2303:Mamutse
2288:Makombe
2283:Mahachi
2233:Chitepo
2210:ZANU–PF
2199:ZANU–PF
2188:ZANU–PF
2179:Speaker
2101:Ndiweni
1975:Mussett
1970:Hartley
1951:Fleming
1918:Ziyambi
1903:Shoniwa
1883:Munyati
1868:Makunde
1863:Makanda
1830:ZANU–PF
1819:ZANU–PF
1808:ZANU–PF
1737:ZANU–PF
1644:Murerwa
1634:Murerwa
1624:Murerwa
1401:Huggins
1391:Huggins
1371:Huggins
1361:Fereday
1356:Huggins
1346:Huggins
1206:(1979,
790:Shabani
528:in the
422:scholar
201:
193:
71:Monarch
2797:Walker
2787:Tapson
2737:Landau
2732:Irvine
2706:Thrush
2682:Cronjé
2667:Butler
2552:Lesabe
2483:Tekere
2408:Mvenge
2393:Mutasa
2373:Mujuru
2368:Mugabe
2343:Mawema
2318:Marere
2273:Kangai
2263:Kabasa
2059:Chiefs
2050:Norman
1995:Whaley
1985:Savage
1960:Wilson
1936:Ankers
1878:Mubako
1858:Hungwe
1787:Senate
1664:Chombo
1629:Makoni
1604:Masaya
1559:(1979)
1555:under
1522:under
1481:Harper
1336:Senior
1232:
1200:
1168:
1131:
1068:
768:Insiza
517:Senate
424:
417:
410:
403:
395:
184:Spouse
2781:Nixon
2716:Field
2702:Gaunt
2643:Mpofu
2637:Ntuta
2617:Njini
2582:Msipa
2572:Mguni
2463:Shava
2258:Hunda
2243:Dhube
2116:Whata
2111:Ncube
2106:Nyati
2086:Gwebu
2027:Msika
1989:Grubb
1964:Scott
1946:Clark
1941:Blunt
1898:Nkala
1674:Ncube
1476:Smith
1471:Brown
1461:Hatty
1451:Brown
1431:Hatty
1381:Guest
1366:Guest
1341:Guest
1005:1958
920:1954
658:(PDF)
647:(PDF)
551:Notes
429:JSTOR
415:books
305:hills
195:(
191:
2812:UANC
2726:York
2577:Moyo
2547:Kona
2536:Mano
2520:ZAPU
2253:Hove
2248:Dube
2032:Todd
2019:ZAPU
2001:Oatt
1873:Moyo
1654:Biti
1446:Todd
1426:Todd
1331:Fynn
1326:Smit
1321:Fynn
1302:and
401:news
150:Died
134:Born
2791:Kay
2190:);
1810:);
1739:);
1557:UDI
1524:UDI
1298:of
1052:of
384:by
261:in
253:of
2851::
2534:;
1962:;
1748:RF
717:,
694:.
674:.
649:.
612:,
600:^
589:,
571:,
559:^
536:.
477:.
350:.
343:.
311:.
265:.
197:m.
162:,
142:,
2803:)
2799:(
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2507:(
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2325:(
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2197:(
2186:(
2181::
2159:e
2152:t
2145:v
2124:)
2120:(
2010:)
2006:(
2003:)
1999:(
1991:)
1987:(
1966:)
1958:(
1821:)
1817:(
1806:(
1801::
1779:e
1772:t
1765:v
1750:)
1746:(
1735:(
1730::
1708:e
1701:t
1694:v
1288:e
1281:t
1274:v
1242:)
1210:)
1178:)
1042:e
1035:t
1028:v
451:)
445:(
440:)
436:(
426:·
419:·
412:·
405:·
378:.
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