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with an infant on her back, mewling and puking and making a mess of everything... It is perfectly obvious to anyone that the system we have in
Southern Rhodesia at the present time is the most satisfactory to both sides and it is certainly impossible to alter it until the hon. leaders of the African
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when it introduced a measure to cut civil service salaries by 10%; a cut that was especially unpopular in
Huggins's constituency which had a large number of civil servants. Huggins could not vote against the government without precipitating an early general election, something he did not wish to do
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government was then installing in South Africa. He compared it to "the partnership of rider and horse." The following quotation, from a speech he made to the
Federal Assembly on 28 July 1954, against a motion to enforce equal treatment of the races, illustrates Huggins's attitude towards black
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refused a dissolution on the grounds that the
Assembly had many years left, and the government had not been defeated. Huggins persuaded the majority of the Executive of the Reform Party to suspend the party's constitution to allow a National Government on 17 September, and then formed the
847:. The biggest political issue of his tenure as federal prime minister was the question of race relations. Huggins and other proponents of Federation claimed to stand for a policy of partnership, which was claimed to be much more enlightened than the
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Promoted to the rank of captain in March 1916, Doctors only had to serve for a year at that point in the war, and so in 1916 Huggins went out again to
Southern Rhodesia but returned to the UK within a few months. This time he was posted to the
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election resulted in a landslide for
Huggins' United Party, which won 24 out of 30 seats, while the Reform Party returned only one seat in the new legislature. Huggins himself switched electoral districts and ran and defeated Reform Party MP
562:, which was to remain his home for the rest of his life. He began again as a surgeon, quickly becoming the best known, albeit in a small field, in Southern Rhodesia. He married in 1921 to Blanche Slatter of
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708:. The Reform Party was believed by many in Rhodesia to be a left-wing party but Huggins presented a cautiously conservative Cabinet after winning power in 1933. In particular, Finance Minister
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Huggins became an advocate of federating
Southern Rhodesia with some of the neighbouring British colonies in the region so that they would become an independent state within the
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Collection of the
National Portrait Gallery : Godfrey Martin Huggins, 1st Viscount Malvern of Rhodesia and Bexley (1883–1971), Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia.
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Dexter, a lion guardant Gules grasping in the exterior forepaw a rod of
Aesculapius proper. Sinister, a Sable antelope guardant Proper.
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with Fynn, asking a second time for a dissolution on the basis of a changed party alignment. This time the Acting
Governor acceded.
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He suffered a severe infection of the left middle ear at the age of 11, which left him deaf on that side and delayed his move to
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716:. The course of government led eventually to a confrontation in August 1934 with the left-wing of the party over reform to the
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Lord Malvern lived out the remainder of his life in Southern Rhodesia, continuing his quiet retirement under the territory's
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899:). Lord Malvern's successor, Welensky, spent his time in office trying to prevent an inevitable break-up of the Federation.
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with only a small number of educated blacks having the vote in addition to white settlers. As a result of his efforts, the
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of Great Britain and Ireland. He is the only prime minister in British Commonwealth history to serve under four monarchs (
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and various economic, credit and monetary reforms designed to provide support for the white working class during the
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Having served 23 years as prime minister, Lord Malvern, as he now was, became the longest-serving prime minister in
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After practising medicine and training as a surgeon in London, spending some time as a Resident Superintendent at
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in Brighton. In 1917, he finally got to go to France with the 5th Cavalry Field Ambulance, attached to the
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in 1898, a school from which he later took part of his title. From there he moved on to study medicine at
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as an election was already scheduled for the next year. Instead, Huggins voted for the bill and then
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with the rank of lieutenant from October 1914. Huggins was first stationed at Colchester Hospital in
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who had been one of the Reform Party's founders. In addition to prime ministership, Huggins was the
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510:, which had become a casualty clearing station. Although he wanted to go to France, he was sent to
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Lord Malvern, Chairman of the Council of University College, Rhodesia, receiving the Queen Mother.
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Gelfand, M. (1971). "Godfrey Martin Huggins, Viscount Malvern 1883–1971, His Life and Work".
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456:, a town 27 miles from London. He was educated at Brunswick House, a preparatory school in
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people have cleaned up their brother Africans a bit; and then we can perhaps consider it.
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in March 1955, over a year and a half before his retirement. He was succeeded as federal
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Edited by Michael Gelfand and Joseph Ritchken. Central African Journal of Medicine in
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Huggins returned to the UK in late 1914 following the outbreak of war and joined the
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You cannot expect Europeans to form in a queue with dirty people, possibly an old
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which his Reform Party won by a one-seat majority with 16 out of 30 seats in the
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member and was elected, unopposed, in the Salisbury North constituency, to the
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Argent on a Fess Sable between three Hearts Gules a Lion passant guardant Or.
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700:. The Reform Party's platform included measures such as the creation of a
593:, he accepted the Southern Rhodesian decision to 'go it alone' and accept
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A lion sejant rampant guardant Or the sinister paw resting on a fountain.
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831:. Huggins remained in office until October 1956 and was elevated to the
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Godfrey Martin Huggins, Viscount Malvern, 1883–1971: his life and work.
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until October 1956, becoming the longest serving prime minister in
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was a strong believer in conventional economics and opponent of
2095:(1923–1965, the internationally accepted legal name until 1980)
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621:. In 1932, he broke with the Rhodesia Party government led by
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1261:"Holders of Administrative and Ministerial Office 1894-1964"
538:. His surgical work at this time led to his writing a book,
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wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
558:, and bought Craig Farm on the outskirts of Salisbury, now
494:
to some doctors there, but eventually deciding to stay on.
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333:
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Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
1905:
Prime Minister of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
1252:
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prime minister of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
150:
Prime Minister of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
1539:
MAKER OF MODERN RHODESIA THE RT. HON. SIR GODFREY HUGGINS
1535:
British Medical Journal, 20 November 1971, pp. 497.
3343:
Members of the Legislative Assembly of Southern Rhodesia
1333:
Royal Collection: Seating plan for the Ball Supper Room
932:
Malvern, of Rhodesia and of Bexley in the County of Kent
460:
and then moved to Sutherland House, a similar school in
784:
570:. He and his wife had two sons, born in 1922 and 1928.
3348:
Members of the Rhodesia and Nyasaland Federal Assembly
791:
Government of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
424:
from 1933 to 1953 and remained in office as the first
554:
at the end of the war, just in time to deal with the
2317:
Ministers of Foreign Affairs and International Trade
1350:, Andrew C. Ross, Kachere Books, Zomba, 2009, p. 76.
3353:
Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
1490:
contributions in Parliament by the Viscount Malvern
1172:
British Medical Journal, 20 November 1971, pp. 497.
906:(UDI) administration. He died in May 1971 aged 87.
3383:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
420:politician and physician. He served as the fourth
540:Amputation Stumps: Their Care and After Treatment
514:where he dealt with incoming casualties from the
3378:Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour
3279:
1203:(1st supplement). 13 October 1914. p. 8221.
545:
440:Huggins was born at 'Dane Cottage', Knoll Road,
1223:(1st supplement). 29 August 1916. p. 8580.
1184:. The Malvern Register 1865–1904, 1905. p. 414.
542:(Frowde, Hodder & Stoughton, London 1918).
3433:Viscounts in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
1300:(1st supplement). 31 December 1940. p. 5.
3438:Politicians from the London Borough of Bexley
2968:
2548:
2301:
2055:
1525:Rhodesian Prime Minister Godfrey Huggins ALS.
213:12 September 1933 – 7 September 1953
1613:Member of Parliament for Salisbury District
1323:(2nd supplement). 6 June 1947. p. 2571.
585:. Although he was on the side of union with
393:Godfrey Martin Huggins, 1st Viscount Malvern
3338:Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland people
3328:Rhodesian military personnel of World War I
1548:Written in 1951 by Cyril Allen, O.B.E., J.P
1438:
944:His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council
755:Huggins was made a Knight Commander of the
435:
162:7 September 1953 – 2 November 1956
2975:
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2062:
2048:
1527:www.worthpoint.com. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
1639:Member of Parliament for Salisbury North
1581:Member of Parliament for Salisbury North
1552:Newspaper clippings about Godfrey Huggins
819:, with Huggins as the federation's first
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
1399:
1379:
1359:
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1290:
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645:
573:Having become a spokesman for the local
43:This article includes a list of general
1864:Rhodesia and Nyasaland Federal Assembly
1569:Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly
1451:
1309:
1307:
615:Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly
14:
3318:British emigrants to Southern Rhodesia
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1286:
1284:
904:Unilateral Declaration of Independence
630:the next day to join the newly formed
3323:British Army personnel of World War I
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2536:
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1259:F. M. G. Willson and G. C. Passmore.
575:Comrades of the Great War Association
18:Godfrey Huggins, 1st Viscount Malvern
3063:Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
1466:
1304:
1071:Godfrey Huggins School of Medicine,
1065:
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805:Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
785:Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
29:
3303:Rhodesian military medical officers
1670:Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia
1455:Central African Journal of Medicine
1281:
1083:Lord Malvern High School, Salisbury
765:Privy Council of the United Kingdom
690:Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia
600:
422:Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia
201:Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia
24:
3388:People educated at Malvern College
1421:Debrett's Peerage & Baronetage
1111:
1104:
497:
416:(6 July 1883 – 8 May 1971), was a
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
27:Rhodesian politician and physician
25:
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3423:Viscounts created by Elizabeth II
3363:Royal Army Medical Corps officers
1876:Member of Federal Parliament for
1477:
983:Order of St Michael and St George
964:Order of the Companions of Honour
757:Order of St Michael and St George
641:
490:, in 1911, initially to act as a
3418:United Federal Party politicians
3408:20th-century Zambian politicians
2446:
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2362:
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2248:
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1714:Minister of Finance and Commerce
1099:Coat of arms of Godfrey Huggins
1093:
1077:Godfrey Huggins Primary School,
1048:
1032:
1016:
995:
974:
955:
922:
875:history, beating the records of
591:referendum on the matter in 1922
524:Hammersmith Orthopaedic Hospital
132:
34:
3373:Knights of the Order of St John
1431:
1413:
1393:
1373:
1353:
1339:
1146:(Let us all persevere together)
3403:World War II political leaders
1439:Gelfand, M.; Gann, H. (1964).
1389:. 4 August 1944. p. 3629.
1369:. 18 March 1955. p. 1630.
1327:
1268:University of Zimbabwe Library
1227:
1207:
1187:
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13:
1:
3428:Defence ministers of Rhodesia
3298:Foreign ministers of Rhodesia
3293:Finance ministers of Rhodesia
2009:Peerage of the United Kingdom
1347:Colonialism to Cabinet Crisis
1239:Rhodesianheritage.blogspot.ca
1154:
1004:Order of St John of Jerusalem
833:Peerage of the United Kingdom
777:. He was a guest at the 1947
680:, in England just before the
546:Practice in Southern Rhodesia
1950:Minister of External Affairs
1924:Minister of External Affairs
1409:. 1 January 1937. p. 2.
807:was created in 1953 uniting
480:Great Ormond Street Hospital
7:
3288:Prime ministers of Rhodesia
1767:Minister of Native Affairs
1688:Minister of Native Affairs
1556:20th Century Press Archives
10:
3454:
3333:British white supremacists
909:
788:
568:South African Constabulary
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3358:Northern Rhodesia people
1978:Party political offices
1810:Party political offices
1734:Robert Clarkson Tredgold
1697:Robert Clarkson Tredgold
1544:20 December 2013 at the
1235:"Our Rhodesian Heritage"
981:Knight Commander of the
636:Leader of the Opposition
634:which appointed Huggins
504:Royal Army Medical Corps
436:Early life and education
256:Sir Cecil Hunter-Rodwell
1803:George Arthur Davenport
1620:Constituency abolished
1088:Peterhouse Boys' School
763:, and appointed to the
605:He entered politics in
556:1918 influenza epidemic
482:, Huggins travelled to
64:more precise citations.
3398:White Rhodesian people
2764:Rhodesia and Nyasaland
2338:Rhodesia and Nyasaland
2155:Rhodesia and Nyasaland
1786:Sir Ernest Lucas Guest
1532:Statesman and Surgeon.
1169:Statesman and Surgeon.
1116:
1109:
1073:University of Rhodesia
869:
829:first general election
767:, granting the title "
752:on several occasions.
685:
595:responsible government
317:Godfrey Martin Huggins
2427:an unrecognised state
2375:an unrecognised state
2341:(1953–1963, of which
2229:an unrecognised state
2197:an unrecognised state
2158:(1953–1963, of which
1846:United Rhodesia Party
1115:
1108:
860:
827:won the federation's
775:1947 Birthday Honours
761:1941 New Year Honours
694:1933 general election
649:
619:self-governing colony
617:of the newly created
473:St. Thomas's Hospital
432:history, until 1961.
378:United Rhodesia Party
2984:Ministers of Defence
2853:David Colville Smith
2834:David Colville Smith
2806:David Colville Smith
2564:Ministers of Finance
2032:John Godfrey Huggins
1521:British Pathé. 1960.
1517:11 June 2011 at the
1469:Welensky's 4000 Days
873:British Commonwealth
825:United Federal Party
770:The Right Honourable
727:However, the acting
698:Legislative Assembly
671:Dwight D. Eisenhower
583:Sir Drummond Chaplin
532:2nd Cavalry Division
430:British Commonwealth
373:United Federal Party
103:The Viscount Malvern
99:The Right Honourable
3413:Zimbabwean surgeons
2990:and its antecedents
2323:and its antecedents
2107:Howard Unwin Moffat
2077:and its antecedents
1984:New political party
1969:Minister of Defence
1839:New political party
1793:Minister of Defence
1751:Frank Ernest Harris
1741:Minister of Defence
1597:Vernon Arthur Lewis
1506:Salisbury, Rhodesia
1460:Salisbury, Rhodesia
1441:Huggins of Rhodesia
1144:Cuncti Perseveramus
1100:
801:white minority rule
750:Minister of Finance
722:National Government
673:and South Africa's
652:(second from right)
623:Howard Unwin Moffat
516:Battle of Gallipoli
3393:People from Bexley
2459:a recognised state
2261:a recognised state
1893:Political offices
1833:Succeeded by
1707:Jacob Hendrik Smit
1655:Political offices
1586:Served alongside:
1471:. London: Collins.
1406:The London Gazette
1386:The London Gazette
1366:The London Gazette
1320:The London Gazette
1297:The London Gazette
1220:The London Gazette
1200:The London Gazette
1117:
1110:
1098:
881:Sir Robert Walpole
799:while maintaining
718:Rhodesian Railways
686:
3275:
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3215:
3194:
3190:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
3138:
3103:
3099:Southern Rhodesia
3067:
3001:
2997:Southern Rhodesia
2950:
2949:
2844:Southern Rhodesia
2821:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
2580:Southern Rhodesia
2530:
2529:
2422:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
2343:Southern Rhodesia
2283:
2282:
2275:Morgan Tsvangirai
2224:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
2160:Southern Rhodesia
2092:Southern Rhodesia
2038:
2037:
2029:Succeeded by
1998:Succeeded by
1957:Succeeded by
1934:Succeeded by
1912:Succeeded by
1885:Succeeded by
1878:Salisbury Suburbs
1853:Succeeded by
1800:Succeeded by
1776:William Winterton
1773:Succeeded by
1748:Succeeded by
1721:Succeeded by
1694:Succeeded by
1677:Succeeded by
1648:Harold Holderness
1645:Succeeded by
1594:Succeeded by
1584:1924–1934
1335:Royal Ball (1947)
1277:on 1 August 2020.
1152:
1151:
1066:Honorific eponyms
1063:
1062:
1040:British War Medal
915:Medals and awards
855:Nationalist Party
813:Southern Rhodesia
809:Northern Rhodesia
682:Normandy landings
660:Winston Churchill
628:crossed the floor
589:when there was a
552:Southern Rhodesia
528:Pavilion Hospital
488:Southern Rhodesia
450:borough of London
448:, England (now a
390:
389:
266:Sir Campbell Tait
261:Sir Evelyn Baring
90:
89:
82:
16:(Redirected from
3445:
3214:(1980 – present)
3213:
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3101:
3065:
2999:
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2963:
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2543:
2534:
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2525:*Acting Minister
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2090:
2088:
2087:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2041:
2040:
2022:Viscount Malvern
2001:Sir Roy Welensky
1960:Sir Roy Welensky
1942:Preceded by
1915:Sir Roy Welensky
1818:Robert Gilchrist
1815:Preceded by
1783:Preceded by
1758:Preceded by
1731:Preceded by
1704:Preceded by
1660:Preceded by
1626:Preceded by
1604:Preceded by
1576:New constituency
1565:
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1270:. Archived from
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845:Sir Roy Welensky
837:Viscount Malvern
706:Great Depression
662:, New Zealand's
601:Political career
564:Pietermaritzburg
415:
347:
336:, United Kingdom
326:
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308:Personal details
294:
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271:Sir John Kennedy
211:
193:Sir Roy Welensky
189:
177:Governor General
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60:this article by
51:inline citations
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2127:Edgar Whitehead
2117:Godfrey Huggins
2112:George Mitchell
2102:Charles Coghlan
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1546:Wayback Machine
1519:Wayback Machine
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688:Huggins became
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361:Political party
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138:Huggins in 1936
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1989:Leader of the
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1478:External links
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877:Mackenzie King
841:prime minister
823:after his new
821:prime minister
797:British Empire
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759:(KCMG) in the
692:following the
656:Mackenzie King
654:with Canada's
643:
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2017:
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2010:
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1993:
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1991:Federal Party
1985:
1981:
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1961:
1952:
1951:
1940:
1929:
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1920:
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1887:Sidney Sawyer
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1856:Garfield Todd
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70:February 2014
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2811:Ernest Bulle
2668:
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2373:(1965–1979,
2195:(1965–1979,
2174:Roy Welensky
2116:
2020:
2016:New creation
2015:
1988:
1983:
1967:
1948:
1922:
1903:
1898:
1875:
1870:
1843:
1838:
1826:Reform Party
1823:
1791:
1766:
1761:Harry Bertin
1739:
1724:Max Danziger
1712:
1687:
1668:
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1633:Harry Bertin
1619:
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1242:. Retrieved
1238:
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1168:
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1024:1914–15 Star
901:
897:Elizabeth II
870:
863:
861:
848:
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768:
754:
738:
734:United Party
726:
714:Keynesianism
702:central bank
687:
684:in June 1944
664:Peter Fraser
658:, Britain's
651:
632:Reform Party
604:
587:South Africa
572:
549:
539:
520:
501:
477:
466:
444:in northern
439:
392:
391:
368:Reform Party
346:(1971-05-08)
293:Succeeded by
240:Elizabeth II
208:
188:Succeeded by
171:Elizabeth II
157:
91:
76:
67:
48:
3313:1971 deaths
3308:1883 births
3160:van der Byl
2917:Mumbengegwi
2846:(1979–1980)
2794:(1965–1979)
2766:(1953–1963)
2582:(1923–1965)
2498:Mumbengegwi
2488:Mumbengegwi
2478:Shamuyarira
2404:van der Byl
1927:and Defence
1488:1803–2005:
1401:"No. 34356"
1381:"No. 36641"
1361:"No. 40433"
1315:"No. 37977"
1292:"No. 35029"
1244:16 December
1215:"No. 29729"
1195:"No. 28937"
889:Edward VIII
327:6 July 1883
281:Preceded by
230:Edward VIII
62:introducing
3282:Categories
3267:Muchinguri
3252:Sekeramayi
3242:Sekeramayi
2724:Abrahamson
2026:1955–1971
1995:1953–1956
1973:1953–1956
1954:1953–1956
1909:1953–1956
1882:1953–1956
1850:1934–1953
1830:1932–1934
1797:1948–1953
1770:1944–1949
1745:1943–1944
1691:1933–1942
1674:1933–1953
1642:1939–1954
1616:1934–1939
1443:. London:
1155:References
1134:Supporters
1128:Escutcheon
942:Member of
858:Africans:
789:See also:
773:", in the
710:Jacob Smit
462:Folkestone
344:8 May 1971
323:1883-07-06
45:references
3247:Mnangagwa
3170:Partridge
3084:Caldicott
3053:Davenport
2937:Chinamasa
2927:Chinamasa
2887:Mnangagwa
2778:Caldicott
2773:MacIntyre
2734:Whitehead
2704:Davenport
2689:MacIntyre
2684:Davenport
2679:Caldicott
2644:Whitehead
2473:Mangwende
2345:was part)
2206:Ian Smith
2162:was part)
2137:Ian Smith
1899:New title
1871:New title
1079:Marondera
893:George VI
850:apartheid
817:Nyasaland
678:Jan Smuts
484:Salisbury
454:Sevenoaks
418:Rhodesian
351:Salisbury
235:George VI
209:In office
158:In office
3262:Chiwenga
3211:Zimbabwe
3201:Muzorewa
3180:Kadzviti
3150:Montrose
3130:Rhodesia
3079:Welensky
3023:Tredgold
3013:O'Keeffe
2988:Zimbabwe
2907:Kuruneri
2882:Chambati
2877:Chidzero
2863:Zimbabwe
2788:Rhodesia
2754:Wrathall
2709:Fletcher
2674:Fletcher
2664:Fletcher
2654:Fletcher
2619:Danziger
2568:Zimbabwe
2454:Zimbabwe
2394:Montrose
2370:Rhodesia
2352:Welensky
2321:Zimbabwe
2256:Zimbabwe
2192:Rhodesia
2075:Zimbabwe
1542:Archived
1515:Archived
930:Viscount
885:George V
729:Governor
650:Huggins
355:Rhodesia
249:Governor
225:George V
218:Monarchs
199:4th
148:1st
3237:Mahachi
3175:Hawkins
3074:Huggins
3048:Huggins
3038:Ralston
3028:Huggins
2912:Murerwa
2902:Murerwa
2892:Murerwa
2669:Huggins
2659:Huggins
2639:Huggins
2629:Fereday
2624:Huggins
2614:Huggins
2509:Murwira
2483:Mudenge
2468:Muzenda
2425:(1979,
2227:(1979,
1944:Himself
1936:Himself
1558:of the
1554:in the
1508:, 1971.
1485:Hansard
1423:. 2000.
1010:NY 1937
989:NY 1941
949:KB 1947
910:Honours
668:General
666:, U.S.
167:Monarch
58:improve
3257:Mohadi
3222:Mugabe
3193:(1979)
3165:Cowper
3155:Howman
3132:under
3120:Dupont
3089:Barrow
3033:Harris
3008:Hudson
2932:Chombo
2897:Makoni
2872:Masaya
2827:(1979)
2823:under
2790:under
2749:Harper
2604:Senior
2493:Mzembi
2451:
2436:Mukome
2419:
2399:Howman
2384:Dupont
2367:
2335:
2253:
2221:
2189:
2152:
2089:
1006:(KStJ)
985:(KCMG)
895:, and
560:Harare
536:Amiens
442:Bexley
330:Bexley
47:, but
3227:Nkala
3145:Smith
3115:Smith
3110:Field
3043:Guest
3018:Lewis
2942:Ncube
2744:Smith
2739:Brown
2729:Hatty
2719:Brown
2699:Hatty
2649:Guest
2634:Guest
2609:Guest
2515:Shava
2389:Smith
1931:1953
1718:1942
1275:(PDF)
1264:(PDF)
1140:Motto
1122:Crest
864:mfazi
609:as a
534:near
512:Malta
508:Essex
492:locum
411:
407:
403:
399:
122:
118:
114:
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2922:Biti
2714:Todd
2694:Todd
2599:Fynn
2594:Smit
2589:Fynn
2570:and
2504:Moyo
1589:Fynn
1246:2017
966:(CH)
815:and
739:The
607:1924
458:Hove
446:Kent
413:FRCS
409:KStJ
401:KCMG
341:Died
334:Kent
313:Born
124:FRCS
120:KStJ
112:KCMG
3134:UDI
2986:of
2825:UDI
2792:UDI
2566:of
2319:of
2073:of
1560:ZBW
843:by
835:as
3284::
1458:.
1403:.
1383:.
1363:.
1317:.
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1294:.
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891:,
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811:,
781:.
638:.
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405:PC
397:CH
353:,
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1248:.
325:)
321:(
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