584:
across an old
Spanish rider telling the story of Grumbach and his legendary three cursed bullets, and remembers his identity. At this moment, the novel shifts to its main body, the actual story of Grumbach as narrated by the Spanish rider until the point of Grumbach chasing Cortés to shoot him with the last bullet. At this moment the rider is apparently interrupted by Melchior, who kills him. The novel shifts back into its frame narrative, whose narrator has realized he is Grumbach, but his memory quickly fades and he sinks back into forgetfulness because Melchior has shot the rider with what is suggested to have been the third bullet before he was able to finish Grumbach's story, which would have fully restored Grumbach's memory.
377:
prepares for his test to become a forester. However, from the day of their engagement, Wilhelm is cursed, and begins to miss almost every shot. Wilhelm meets an old soldier with a wooden leg, who gives him a handful of magic bullets that always hit, but when the bullets run out, Wilhelm cannot find the old soldier to get more. After hearing
Bertram tell the story of Georg Schmid, Wilhelm casts his own magic bullets on the night before the test, sixty of which will always hit, and three that belong to the devil. Wilhelm passes the test flawlessly, except for the final shot, which hits Käthchen, killing her, and driving Wilhelm insane.
462:
magic bullets – six of which will always hit, with the seventh guided by the devil. Max completes the trial, using all except one of his bullets, but when the sovereign prince, who is overseeing the trial, commands Max to shoot at a dove, the bullet instead hits Agathe. However, a wreath blessed by a hermit deflects the bullet, which kills Kaspar instead. The prince threatens to banish Max, until the hermit intercedes, and Max is granted a probationary year, after which he will be allowed to remain and marry Agathe.
503:, his pack, and wild beasts chasing after him, and lightning strikes Wilhelm's horse. A mysterious voice commands Wilhelm to follow and leads him to a cavern, where Wilhelm sees many skeletons, one of which is that of Catherine. Catherine's skeleton waltzes with Wilhelm back to a forest clearing, and other skeletons join the dance until daybreak. The following morning Wilhelm is found dead with white rose leaves strewn around him, and his horse nearby being eaten by wolves.
1117:
311:. During this time, many phantoms tried to distract them, but when they finished, a rider on a black horse appeared and demanded the bullets. The hunter refused, so the rider threw something onto the fire, which caused a stench that made them lose consciousness. When the hunter recovered, he took the bullets, went to the nearest village and told them Schmid was at the crossroads, then left for the
579:
himself. The curse comes true when
Grumbach uses the first bullet to shoot Moctezuman in order to enrage the Aztec to kill the Spanish in a mass uprising, and when his servant Melchior accidentally shoots Grumbach's lover Dalila with the second bullet during an attempt to assassinate Cortés' right hand man. The fate of the third bullet remains unclear: The first person narrator of the novel's
499:", but continues the story after the death of Wilhelm's fiancée Catherine. Wilhelm marries another woman the following year, despite having sworn an oath to remain unmarried for the rest of his life. Driven by remorse, Wilhelm takes a solitary excursion through hills, dales, plains, and forests. As he rides, he hears the
583:
appears to be an old, mentally unwell
Grumbach, still accompagnied by the now-mute Melchior, serving his former enemies back in Germany as a mercenary and apparently suffering from amnesia due to the traumatic events of which he can only grasp fleeting memories. During the novel's prelude, he comes
376:
In Apel's version of the story, a forester, Bertram, is the last male descendant of the hunter Kuno. He wants his daughter, Käthchen, to marry a hunter and continue his line. Käthchen loves a clerk called
Wilhelm, who convinces Bertram of his skill as a huntsman; the couple get engaged and Wilhelm
578:
in a game of dice from a
Spanish soldier because the Aztec side is unable to compete with the Spanish firearms. However, the gun's former owner curses its remaining three bullets when facing execution for losing it: one is to hit Grumbach's king, one to hit his lover, and the last to hit Grumbach
461:
In this version, an assistant forester, Max, fears failing a shooting trial which would allow him to marry the forester Kuno's daughter Agathe, and become the new forester. Kaspar, another assistant forester, who was rejected by Agathe, seeks revenge by convincing Max to join him in casting seven
164:
having a sense of magic or enchantment, or that the bullet is destined by fate or the devil. It could even mean the acquisition of secret knowledge or skill, similarly to masters of other "free mathematical arts", such as stonemasons, painters, carvers, goldsmiths, and architects.
294:
day, sixty of which would always hit their target, but three, indistinguishable from the rest, would always miss. On the evening of St. Abdon's day, they went to a crossroads; the hunter drew a circle with strange characters around the edge using his
315:
mountains. Schmid was found and carried to the nearest town, where he was interrogated. He made a full confession, and was sentenced to death by sword, then burning, but as he was only about eighteen years old this was commuted to six years'
895:
The Fatal
Marksman is not a Gothic tale as such, but a reworking of the folk legend that underlies Weber's opera.... Magic bullets, magic guns, and the idea that the Devil cannot be shot are well-known folklore motifs, but there is more
258:. However, whoever uses these bullets is shunned, and cannot enter churches. They generally meet an unpleasant end, sometimes with a bullet turned on them by the devil, and risk returning as a ghost cursed to hunt for eternity.
558:) (1915) revolves around a variation of the Freischütz motif in which all of the supernatural bullets serve the devil's revenge: The German Duke Grumbach, who has been forced into Mexican exile during the
246:. The bullets can not only be guided at will, but can hit a named target miles away, even the devil himself. Some stories attribute other powers to the bullets, such as in one case transforming a
290:
in 1710 tell the story of Georg Schmid. Schmid, a young clerk who enjoyed target shooting, asked a hunter for advice. The hunter convinced Schmid to join him in casting bullets on the night of
1225:
238:, sometimes using lead stolen from a church, poured through the eyes of the skull of a woman who died during childbirth, or using powders made from unpleasant recipes. This often happens on
1198:
428:), who he says often try to kill him but are unable to due to his faith. When the gamekeeper's apprentice, Franz, fails to shoot what he thinks is the devil (actually the wild
193:, which he had shot with the belief that he would get four arrows, three of which he could guide at will. In 1529, Landsknecht Melchior Hauser is said to have found a monk in
267:
866:
1132:
42:, has obtained a certain number of bullets destined to hit without fail whatever object he wishes. As the legend is usually told, six of the
1137:
1205:
800:"Der Freischütz: Thoughts and reminiscences suggested by a performance of that opera at the Théâtre National de L'Opera, in Paris"
173:
The
Freischütz folktales can be traced back to similar stories of magical arrows. The first known historical account is found in
981:
776:
671:
307:. They began to cast the bullets at eleven o'clock, and had to complete the task by midnight, or their souls would belong to
860:
563:
1050:
54:) are thus subservient to the marksman's will, but the seventh is at the absolute disposal of the devil himself.
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1332:
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408:
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Medardus), a rumour begins that the devil had approached Franz and offered him magic bullets.
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2008:
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8:
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1731:
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186:
180:
39:
2106:
2022:
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1924:
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874:. London: W. Simpkin, R. Marshall, and J. H. Bohte. 1823. pp. 141–198 – via
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332:
243:
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20:
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908:
629:. The Standard Lyric Drama. Vol. 5. London: T. Boosey and Co. p. xxvii.
385:
174:
47:
27:
2036:
1710:
1703:
1402:
1339:
2240:
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1248:
1152:
354:
338:
298:
210:
of Hans Cröpelin and
Cersten Sasse, two hunters accused of attempting to forge
373:
theorised that he brought the story of Georg Schmid to the attention of Apel.
2256:
2057:
2015:
1514:
1500:
1128:
1123:
500:
190:
68:
2064:
2127:
2113:
2001:
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1141:. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 95–96.
733:
567:
317:
143:
1290:
1994:
1738:
1668:
1640:
1584:
1521:
1430:
1381:
580:
458:, who had suggested Apel's story as an excellent theme for the composer.
1661:
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1875:
1833:
1682:
1647:
1598:
1591:
1563:
1472:
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is used. One is that it has a military origin, perhaps from terms like
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1409:
1959:
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122:
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
412:(1815–1816) includes a gamekeeper who claims to have a feud with "
222:
are generally either made by shooting at a holy target (such as a
1861:
1626:
1605:
1556:
1542:
1486:
1395:
1269:
848:(in German). Leipzig: Samuel Benjamin Walthern. pp. 609–613.
662:
Abbate, Carolyn; Parker, Roger (2015) . "7. The German
Problem".
304:
287:
251:
207:
194:
831:. New York & London: Novello, Ewer & Co. pp. 10–11.
2208:
2120:
2050:
1980:
1868:
1777:
1675:
1535:
1465:
1416:
113:). There are several theories that try to explain why the word
1819:
1696:
1353:
943:. Glasgow: Blackie, Fullarton and Co. 1829. pp. 365–391.
303:, and told Schmid to remove his clothes and deny God and the
133:
744:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 210–211.
574:, out of desparation makes a deal with the devil to win an
255:
331:
The Freischütz tale became widely circulated in 1810 when
1066:
Copeland, F. S. (1934). "Lampret, the Warlock Marksman".
694:. London: Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper. 1826. p. 66.
515:, where the marksman, named Lampret, is sometimes called
335:
included it as the first tale in the first volume of the
247:
955:
The Original Legend of Der Freischütz, or the Free Shot
1095:"Kresnik: An Attempt at a Mythological Reconstruction"
976:. Richmond: Oneworld Classics. pp. 95, 101, 107.
627:
Der Freischütz: (The Free-Shooter), a Lyric Folk-Drama
601:
599:
597:
1179:. London: Hurst, Robinson & Co. pp. 128–166.
921:. London: Hurst, Robinson & Co. pp. 128–166.
841:
768:
The Freischütz Phenomenon: Opera As Cultural Mirror
594:
185:(1487), of an archer found standing paralysed near
970:"Part 1, Chapter 3: The Adventures of the Journey"
867:Popular Tales and Romances of the Northern Nations
395:
158:). Another suggests a supernatural element, with
2254:
1064:Fran Kocbek 1863–1930, Jakob Kelemina 1882–1957
829:Review of the New York Musical Season 1885–1886
664:A History of Opera: The Last Four Hundred Years
234:), or casting the bullets at night, often at a
1158:on "the Witchcraft of Archers", translated by
1030:(in French). Paris: Lavigne. pp. 195–216.
728:
726:
724:
380:Apel's version was translated into English by
1199:
516:
197:who used three or four such arrows each day.
1008:(in French) (4). Paris: Schola Cantorum: 43.
825:"Tuesday, Thirteenth [October 1885]"
661:
543:
494:
484:
474:
413:
364:
358:
336:
296:
271:
217:
216:bullets by arcane means. In early accounts,
211:
201:
159:
141:
120:
114:
88:
72:
62:
32:
961:
815:
813:
721:
649:Der Freischütz: Volks-Oper in drei Aufzügen
178:
1206:
1192:
888:
996:
764:
704:
465:
1127:
1065:
845:Unterredungen Von dem Reiche der Geister
819:
810:
790:
788:
633:
623:"An Account of Weber's 'Der Freischütz'"
605:
732:
493:, begins with a translation of Apel's "
286:) (1731), court records from a town in
2255:
1092:
1040:
1018:
967:
794:
651:. Leipzig: G. J. Göschen. p. 215.
366:Unterredung Von dem Reiche der Geister
273:Unterredung Von dem Reiche der Geister
1187:
1171:"Der Freischütz, or, the Magic Balls"
1068:The Slavonic and East European Review
913:"Der Freischütz, or, the Magic Balls"
785:
617:
1165:
907:
639:
611:
564:Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
323:
1213:
1176:Tales of the Wild and the Wonderful
918:Tales of the Wild and the Wonderful
842:vom Graben zum Stein, Otto (1731).
281:Conversations from the Spirit-World
200:The earliest known use of the term
13:
1046:"Hoffman and Fantastic Literature"
511:Similar tales are also known from
506:
440:Apel's tale formed the subject of
168:
14:
2289:
1146:
1925:Johann Peter Petri (Black Peter)
1115:
435:
392:(1829), and anonymously (1833).
1086:
1058:
1034:
1012:
990:
947:
925:
901:
882:
852:
835:
261:
891:De Quincey's Gothic Masquerade
758:
698:
680:
655:
1:
1054:. No. 1031. p. 813.
939:. Vol. 2. Translated by
870:. Vol. 3. Translated by
765:Henderson, Donald G. (2011).
587:
534:
318:imprisonment with hard labour
1333:Companions of Saint Nicholas
1102:Studia Mythologica Slavica I
1028:Contes nocturnes de Hoffmann
1002:"Historique du 'Freischütz'"
937:Foreign Tales and Traditions
889:Bridgwater, Patrick (2004).
57:
19:For the romantic opera, see
7:
2195:Hirschsprung (Black Forest)
418:" (sometimes translated as
371:Johann Georg Theodor Grässe
16:Marksman in German folklore
10:
2294:
2167:Volksmärchen der Deutschen
2002:Peter Nikoll (Black Peter)
1006:Les Tablettes de la Schola
941:Cunningham, George Godfrey
861:"The Fatal Marksman"
804:The Monthly Musical Record
771:. Xlibris US. p. 48.
206:is from the 1586 trial at
140:regiments), or the French
18:
2225:
2144:
1755:
1233:
1226:German-speaking countries
1221:
705:Schnitger, F. F. (1889).
560:European wars of religion
495:
475:
414:
390:George Godfrey Cunningham
268:Otto von Graben zum Stein
33:
1799:Christman Genipperteinga
968:Taylor, Ronald (2011) .
454:of which was written by
38:is a marksman who, by a
2145:Legends and fairy tales
1953:Kunigunde von Orlamünde
1911:Heinrich von Winkelried
1138:Encyclopædia Britannica
711:Ars Quatuor Coronatorum
40:contract with the devil
2030:Rüdiger von Bechelaren
1813:Eppelein von Gailingen
1093:Šmitek, Zmago (1998).
821:Krehbiel, Henry Edward
707:"'Free and Freemason'"
641:Kind, Johann Friedrich
544:
517:
489:(1846), attributed to
485:
365:
359:
337:
297:
272:
218:
212:
202:
179:
160:
142:
121:
115:
89:
73:
63:
51:
2202:Venusberg (mythology)
2009:Pied Piper of Hamelin
1855:Götz von Berlichingen
1771:Arnold von Winkelried
1156:: Part 2, Chapter XVI
1042:Taylor, William Cooke
1020:Pitois, Jean-Baptiste
456:Johann Friedrich Kind
2093:Walram of Thierstein
1967:Matthias Klostermayr
1848:Giselher of Burgundy
1841:Genevieve of Brabant
1827:Frederick Barbarossa
742:Carl Maria von Weber
562:, is drawn into the
481:Jean-Baptiste Pitois
30:, the figure of the
2153:Grimms' Fairy Tales
2100:Walter of Aquitaine
2072:The Smith of Kochel
1154:Malleus Maleficarum
1024:"Le Spectre Fiancé"
974:The Devil's Elixirs
798:(1 November 1876).
717:. Margate: 141–142.
409:The Devil's Elixirs
398:The Devil's Elixirs
357:, co-author of the
187:Hohenzollern Castle
181:Malleus Maleficarum
2263:Culture of Germany
2107:Werner Stauffacher
2023:Punker of Rohrbach
1939:Knight of the Swan
998:Servières, Georges
872:De Quincey, Thomas
692:Legends of Terror!
645:"V. Erläuterungen"
570:against the cruel
363:, owned a copy of
333:Johann August Apel
2278:Slovene mythology
2250:
2249:
2135:Xaver Hohenleiter
2079:Till Eulenspiegel
1946:Konrad Baumgarten
1932:Klaus Störtebeker
1806:Dietrich von Bern
1424:Feuermann (ghost)
983:978-1-84749-084-1
796:Niecks, Frederick
778:978-1-4628-6790-5
673:978-1-84-614791-3
666:. Penguin Books.
566:and, siding with
491:E. T. A. Hoffmann
476:Le Spectre Fiancé
404:E. T. A. Hoffmann
382:Thomas De Quincey
242:day (30 July) or
2285:
2243:
2236:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2086:Volker von Alzey
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1988:Otto the Younger
1983:
1976:
1969:
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1955:
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1864:
1857:
1850:
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1822:
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1801:
1794:
1787:
1785:Baron Munchausen
1780:
1773:
1766:
1764:Albrecht Gessler
1748:
1741:
1734:
1732:Will-o'-the-wisp
1727:
1720:
1713:
1706:
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1692:
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1678:
1671:
1664:
1657:
1650:
1643:
1636:
1629:
1622:
1615:
1613:Nixie (folklore)
1608:
1601:
1594:
1587:
1580:
1573:
1566:
1559:
1552:
1545:
1538:
1531:
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1503:
1496:
1494:Jack o' the bowl
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1433:
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1361:Dwarf (folklore)
1356:
1349:
1347:Drak (mythology)
1342:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1307:
1300:
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1194:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1167:Dods, Mary Diana
1160:Montague Summers
1142:
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1119:
1118:
1106:
1105:
1099:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1044:(31 July 1847).
1038:
1032:
1031:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1000:(January 1912).
994:
988:
987:
965:
959:
958:
951:
945:
944:
933:"Der Freischutz"
929:
923:
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909:Dods, Mary Diana
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849:
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738:"Der Freischütz"
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688:"Der Freischütz"
684:
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557:
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553:The Third Bullet
551:
547:
545:Die dritte Kugel
530:
527:
526:warlock marksman
524:
520:
513:Slavic mythology
498:
497:
488:
486:Contes nocturnes
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423:devil's marksmen
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71:, consisting of
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2268:German folklore
2253:
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2246:
2239:
2234:German folklore
2232:
2221:
2216:Walpurgis Night
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2179:
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2165:
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1904:Hans von Trotha
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1646:
1639:
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1611:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1571:Mare (folklore)
1569:
1562:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1529:Knecht Ruprecht
1527:
1520:
1513:
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175:Heinrich Kramer
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619:Mould, J. Wrey
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496:Der Freischütz
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360:Gespensterbuch
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348:Book of Ghosts
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41:
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2273:Marksmanship
2187:
2128:Wolfdietrich
2114:William Tell
2037:Schildbürger
1746:Wolpertinger
1711:Wiedergänger
1704:Weiße Frauen
1655:Rhinemaidens
1403:Ewiger Jäger
1368:Easter Bunny
1340:Doppelgänger
1224:Folklore of
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415:Freischützen
407:
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369:(1731), and
330:
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299:Weide-Messer
265:
262:Georg Schmid
199:
172:
144:franc-archer
67:is a German
61:
43:
31:
25:
1995:Peter Klaus
1739:Witte Wiwer
1669:Santa Claus
1641:Poltergeist
1585:Moss people
1522:King Laurin
1431:Feldgeister
1382:Elwetritsch
581:Frame story
518:čarostřelec
396:Hoffmann's
292:St. Abdon's
240:St. Abdon's
153:free-archer
2257:Categories
2188:Freischütz
2065:Tannhäuser
1918:Hildebrand
1876:Gundomar I
1834:Friar Rush
1683:Tatzelwurm
1648:Rasselbock
1599:Nachzehrer
1592:Nachtkrapp
1564:Lutzelfrau
1473:Hinzelmann
1438:Frau Holle
1326:Christkind
1319:Changeling
1284:Belsnickel
1133:Freischütz
876:Wikisource
751:0521213541
588:References
540:Leo Perutz
535:Leo Perutz
326:Freischütz
236:crossroads
219:Freikugeln
213:Freikugeln
203:Freischütz
64:Freischütz
52:Freikugeln
34:Freischütz
1960:Lohengrin
1718:Wild Hunt
1508:Klagmuhme
1291:Bergmönch
1263:Aufhocker
736:(1976) .
309:the devil
123:Freikorps
58:Etymology
2226:See also
1974:Nibelung
1890:Hannikel
1792:Brunhild
1725:Wild man
1662:Rübezahl
1550:Lindworm
1452:Heimchen
1389:Erdhenne
1305:Bogeyman
1298:Bieresel
1277:Beerwolf
1256:Askafroa
1242:Alberich
1022:(1846).
823:(1886).
643:(1843).
576:Arquebus
466:Pitois'
452:libretto
388:(1825),
384:(1823),
313:Salzburg
232:the Host
224:crucifix
108:rifleman
1862:Gunther
1627:Perchta
1606:Nis Puk
1557:Lorelei
1543:Krampus
1487:Irrwurz
1480:Hödekin
1410:Fänggen
1396:Erlking
1270:Bahkauv
1126::
1080:4202953
957:. 1833.
442:Weber's
324:Apel's
305:Trinity
288:Bohemia
254:into a
252:chimney
208:Rostock
195:Hungary
98:shooter
2209:Vineta
2121:Witege
2051:Sigurd
1981:Ortnit
1869:Gudrun
1778:Attila
1756:People
1676:Schrat
1536:Kobold
1466:Hemann
1417:Fasolt
1234:Beings
1162:(1928)
1120:
1104:: 108.
1078:
980:
806:: 165.
775:
748:
670:
444:opera
90:Schütz
87:) and
48:German
1820:Faust
1697:Uhaml
1690:Türst
1445:Gütel
1354:Drude
1098:(PDF)
1076:JSTOR
479:" in
250:in a
230:, or
226:, an
134:corps
132:free-
978:ISBN
773:ISBN
746:ISBN
668:ISBN
256:hare
161:frei
116:frei
82:free
74:frei
1135:".
896:...
531:).
406:'s
353:).
270:'s
248:cat
177:'s
103:or
26:In
2259::
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