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80:. In 1908, its goals were reported as "freedom of peaceable assembly, of discussion and of propaganda; an uncensored press, telegraph and telephone; an uninspected express; an inviolable mail." To achieve its goals, the League worked through the press, public speaking and the courts and felt that "the education of brains and quickening of consciences are first in order of time and effect." Its Secretary at the time was A. C. Pleydell of 175
154:, a federal law prohibiting mailing of any material deemed to be obscene or related to sex in any way. Many states also passed similar state laws, which were collectively known as the "Comstock Laws" and sometimes extended the federal law by outlawing the use and the distribution of contraceptives. Comstock was proud of being personally responsible for thousands of arrests and the destruction of hundreds of tons of books and pamphlets.
95:. Its charter included the goal "by all lawful means to oppose every form of government censorship over any method for the expression, communication or transmission of ideas... and to promote such legislative enactments and constitutional amendments, state and national, as will secure these ends."
181:. She had returned to anarchist activism, but it was taking its toll on her. "I never felt so weighed down," she wrote to Berkman. "I fear I am forever doomed to remain public property and to have my life worn out through the care for the lives of others."
389:
The new encyclopedia of social reform, including all social-reform movements and activities, and the economic, industrial, and sociological facts and statistics of all countries and all social subjects;
165:, was arrested under the Anarchist Exclusion Act and threatened with deportation, Emma Goldman joined forces with the Free Speech League to champion his cause. The League enlisted the aid of
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in 1914, she did so with the express goal of provoking a legal challenge to the
Comstock Laws banning dissemination of information about contraception. In
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The struggle for free speech in the United States, 1872-1915: Edward Bliss Foote, Edward Bond Foote, and anti-Comstock operations
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The struggle for free speech in the United States, 1872–1915: Edward Bliss Foote, Edward Bond Foote, and anti-Comstock operations
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was admired. During the early years of her activism, Sanger viewed birth control primarily as a free speech issue, rather than a
147:
391:
William Dwight Porter Bliss 1856-1926; Rudolph
Michael Binder 1865- ; eds. New York, Funk and Wagnalls Company 1908 p.511
544:
497:
359:
Kennedy, Kathleen (January 2000). "In the Shadow of
Gompers: Lucy Robins and the Politics of Amnesty, 1918-1922".
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76:. The League was formed in 1902. Two other members involved in the League's creation were Bob Robins and
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supported the cause of free speech throughout her career with a zeal comparable to her support for
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Constitutional free speech defined and defended in an unfinished argument in a case of blasphemy
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36:, particularly relating to political speech and sexual material. It was a predecessor of the
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177:. Although Turner and the League lost, Goldman considered the Casablanca to be a victory of
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Around 1917 to 1919, the League gradually disbanded. Many of its members later joined the
219:, and the League later provided funding and advice to help Sanger with her legal battles.
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McCann, Carole Ruth (2010), "Women as
Leaders in the Contraceptive Movement", in
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Administrative
Process of the Postal Department: A Letter to the President
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Transforming Free Speech: The
Ambiguous Legacy of Civil Libertarianism
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The
Scientific Aspect of Due Process Law and Constructive Crimes
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Goldman, Emma, Candace Falk, Barry
Pateman, Jessica M. Moran,
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The League was officially incorporated on April 7, 1911, in
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Freedom of the Press and 'Obscene' Literature: Three Essays
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Flower, Benjamin Orange; Schroeder, Theodore; Post, Louse,
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in the early 20th century. The League focused on combating
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In
Defense of Free Speech: Five Essays from the Arena
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who successfully lobbied for the passage of the 1873
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554:, (Anthology), University of California Press, 2004
490:
Gender and Women's
Leadership: A Reference Handbook
537:A History of the Birth Control Movement in America
278:The Conflict Between Religious and Ethical Science
60:. Other free speech advocates of the era included
604:Legal advocacy organizations in the United States
98:One of the primary targets of the League was the
48:The Free Speech League's main advocates included
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399:
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245:, Press Bulletins No. 1 and No 2. December 1903.
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191:. Sanger had grown up in a home in which the
126:moral reformers and middle-class women, the
110:grew in strength and wasbaimed at outlawing
552:Emma Goldman: Making speech free, 1902-1909
475:"The Child Who Was Mother to a Woman" from
331:Birth control movement in the United States
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404:The Twentieth century magazine, Volume 4
138:practice that promoted prostitution and
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203:issue, and when she started publishing
581:
561:, University of California Press, 1992
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142:. A leader of the purity movement was
122:in particular. Composed primarily of
513:, Psychology Press, 2008, pp 100–102
594:Freedom of expression organizations
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13:
568:, Cambridge University Press, 1999
566:Free speech in its forgotten years
264:Our Vanishing Liberty of the Press
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599:Organizations established in 1902
243:Free Speech and the New Alien Law
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173:, who took Turner's case to the
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492:, Karen O'Connor (Ed), SAGE,
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224:American Civil Liberties Union
38:American Civil Liberties Union
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52:, his son Edward Bond Foote,
283:Schroeder, Theodore, (Ed.),
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535:Engelman, Peter C. (2011),
308:
287:, Free Speech League, 1909.
10:
620:
509:Wood, Janice Ruth (2008),
479:, April 11, 1925, page 11.
466:Quoted in Chalberg, p. 87.
294:, Free Speech League, 1919
43:
134:, which was viewed as an
575:, Psychology Press, 2008
336:
323:Freedom of speech portal
195:and iconoclastic orator
378:(subscription required)
373:10.1111/0149-0508.00140
130:campaign also attacked
28:that fought to support
257:Constructive Obscenity
108:social purity movement
290:Schroeder, Theodore,
276:Schroeder, Theodore,
269:Schroeder, Theodore,
262:Schroeder, Theodore,
255:Schroeder, Theodore,
248:Schroeder, Theodore,
34:government censorship
457:Chalberg, pp. 84–87.
285:Free Press Anthology
24:organization in the
571:Wood, Janice Ruth,
435:Engelman, pp 15–16.
426:Engelman, pp 13–14.
417:Engelman, pp 13–14.
564:Rabban, David M.,
446:Making Speech Free
361:Peace & Change
217:Theodore Schroeder
213:Edward Bliss Foote
104:American Civil War
58:Theodore Schroeder
50:Edward Bliss Foote
18:Free Speech League
589:Freedom of speech
545:978-0-313-36509-6
498:978-1-4129-6083-0
298:Wakeman, Thaddeus
171:Edgar Lee Masters
30:freedom of speech
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557:Graber, Mark A,
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230:Works by members
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175:US Supreme Court
148:postal inspector
144:Anthony Comstock
140:venereal disease
93:Albany, New York
78:Lucy Robins Lang
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102:. After the
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70:Moses Harman
62:Ezra Heywood
54:Emma Goldman
47:
17:
15:
415:Tone, p 17.
163:John Turner
161:anarchist,
66:Ben Reitman
22:progressive
583:Categories
530:References
349:Wood, p 76
179:propaganda
124:Protestant
448:, p. 557.
367:(1): 25.
120:obscenity
309:See also
201:feminist
193:agnostic
82:Broadway
406:, p 274
304:, 1906.
280:, 1909.
273:, 1908.
159:British
157:When a
136:immoral
44:History
543:
496:
444:Falk,
266:, 1907
259:, 1907
252:. 1906
239:, 1908
72:, and
56:, and
20:was a
337:Notes
541:ISBN
494:ISBN
215:and
169:and
146:, a
118:and
112:vice
106:, a
16:The
369:doi
84:in
585::
396:^
365:25
363:.
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547:.
375:.
371::
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