Freedom of speech - Knowledge

2590:. Because it would necessarily affect the Internet itself, the CDA would necessarily reduce the speech available for adults on the medium. This is a constitutionally intolerable result. Some of the dialogue on the Internet surely tests the limits of conventional discourse. Speech on the Internet can be unfiltered, unpolished, and unconventional, even emotionally charged, sexually explicit, and vulgar – in a word, "indecent" in many communities. But we should expect such speech to occur in a medium in which citizens from all walks of life have a voice. We should also protect the autonomy that such a medium confers to ordinary people as well as media magnates. My analysis does not deprive the Government of all means of protecting children from the dangers of Internet communication. The Government can continue to protect children from pornography on the Internet through vigorous enforcement of existing laws criminalising obscenity and 2367:

probably a necessary means to that end". Hence Feinberg argues that the harm principle sets the bar too high and that some forms of expression can be legitimately prohibited by law because they are very offensive. Nevertheless, as offending someone is less serious than harming someone, the penalties imposed should be higher for causing harm. In contrast, Mill does not support legal penalties unless they are based on the harm principle. Because the degree to which people may take offence varies, or may be the result of unjustified prejudice, Feinberg suggests that several factors need to be taken into account when applying the offence principle, including: the extent, duration and social value of the speech, the ease with which it can be avoided, the motives of the speaker, the number of people offended, the intensity of the offence, and the general interest of the community at large.

2594:. As we learned at the hearing, there is also a compelling need for public educations about the benefits and dangers of this new medium, and the Government can fill that role as well. In my view, our action today should only mean that Government's permissible supervision of Internet contents stops at the traditional line of unprotected speech. The absence of governmental regulation of Internet content has unquestionably produced a kind of chaos, but as one of the plaintiff's experts put it with such resonance at the hearing: "What achieved success was the very chaos that the Internet is. The strength of the Internet is chaos." Just as the strength of the Internet is chaos, so that strength of our liberty depends upon the chaos and cacophony of the unfettered speech the 12132: 2515: 3342:

also argued that free discussion is necessary to prevent the "deep slumber of a decided opinion". Discussion would drive the march of truth, and by considering false views, the basis of true views could be re-affirmed. Furthermore, Mill argued that an opinion only carries intrinsic value to the owner of that opinion, thus silencing the expression of that opinion is an injustice to a basic human right. It is generally held that for Mill, the only instance in which speech can be justifiably suppressed is to prevent harm from a clear and direct threat. Neither economic or moral implications nor the speaker's own well-being would justify suppression of speech. However Mill in

60: 3400: 2216:. He has argued that the concept of democracy is that of self-government by the people. For such a system to work, an informed electorate is necessary. In order to be appropriately knowledgeable, there must be no constraints on the free flow of information and ideas. According to Meiklejohn, democracy will not be true to its essential ideal if those in power can manipulate the electorate by withholding information and stifling criticism. Meiklejohn acknowledges that the desire to manipulate opinion can stem from the motive of seeking to benefit society. However, he argues, choosing manipulation negates, in its means, the democratic ideal. 3268: 2823:) have argued that the traditional issues of free speech—that "the main threat to free speech" is the censorship of "suppressive states", and that "ill-informed or malevolent speech" can and should be overcome by "more and better speech" rather than censorship—assumes scarcity of information. This scarcity prevailed during the 20th century, but with the arrival of the internet, information became plentiful, "but the attention of listeners" scarce. Furthermore, in the words of Wu, this "cheap speech" made possible by the internet " ... may be used to attack, harass, and silence as much as it is used to illuminate or debate". The 2834:...targets listeners or it undermines speakers indirectly. More precisely, emerging techniques of speech control depend on (1) a range of new punishments, like unleashing "troll armies" to abuse the press and other critics, and (2) "flooding" tactics (sometimes called "reverse censorship") that distort or drown out disfavored speech through the creation and dissemination of fake news, the payment of fake commentators, and the deployment of propaganda robots. As journalist Peter Pomerantsev writes, these techniques employ "information ... in weaponized terms, as a tool to confuse, blackmail, demoralize, subvert and paralyze." 3140: 45: 12144: 3538: 2913: 2506:). Funeral Protests are a complex issue in the United States. It is a right to Americans to be able to hold a peaceful protest against various policies they deem unreasonable. It is a question of whether or not it is appropriate through the time, place and manner outlook to protest funeral proceedings. Because of recent flare ups of this occurring, legislation has been put to action to limit this. Now, funeral protests are governed and prohibited by law on a state-to-state basis inside the United States. 12156: 2289: 6764:

society that saw fit to ban books such as Lady Chatterley's Lover because it was likely to "deprave and corrupt" its readers. Although only half a century separates us from Harold Macmillan's Britain, the world of 1960 can easily seem like ancient history. In a Britain when men still wore heavy grey suits, working women were still relatively rare and the Empire was still, just, a going concern, D H Lawrence's book was merely one of many banned because of its threat to public morality.

12204: 2855: 12168: 1710: 3077: 1698: 92: 12192: 2196: 2962: 12180: 2234:. He argues that "The principle of open discussion is a method of achieving a more adaptable and at the same time more stable community, of maintaining the precarious balance between healthy cleavage and necessary consensus". Emerson furthermore maintains that "Opposition serves a vital social function in offsetting or ameliorating (the) normal process of bureaucratic decay". 6295:

together". It is a hideous idea that must be resisted. The last time this happened was under the Licensing Order of 1643, which was allowed to expire in 1695 after the introduction of the 1688 Bill of Rights shortly after the Glorious Revolution. As I wrote in my Daily Telegraph column yesterday, it's amazing that so many Tory MPs should want to turn the clock back 300 years.

2179:. This means that the government is legally obliged to take no action against the speaker based on the speaker's views, but that no one is obliged to help any speakers publish their views, and no one is required to listen to, agree with, or acknowledge the speaker or the speaker's views. These concepts correspond to earlier traditions of 2614:

We reaffirm, as an essential foundation of the Information society, and as outlined in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, that everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; that this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive

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Richard Moon has developed the argument that the value of freedom of speech and freedom of expression lies with social interactions. Moon writes that "by communicating an individual forms relationships and associations with others – family, friends, co-workers, church congregation, and countrymen. By

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Freedom of information is also explicitly protected by acts such as the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act of Ontario, in Canada. The Access to Information Act gives Canadian citizens, permanent residents, and any person or corporation present in Canada a right to access records of

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wrote of the collapse of the harm principle: "Today the debate is characterized by a cacophony of competing harm arguments without any way to resolve them. There is no longer an argument within the structure of the debate to resolve the competing claims of harm. The original harm principle was never

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Taking photographs and video of things that are plainly visible in public spaces is a constitutional right—and that includes transportation facilities, the outside of federal buildings, and police and other government officials carrying out their duties. Unfortunately, law enforcement officers have

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Though few then could have realised it, a tiny but unmistakeable line runs from the novel Lawrence wrote in the late 1920s to an international pornography industry today worth more than £26 billion a year. Now that public obscenity has become commonplace, it is hard to recapture the atmosphere of a

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drives out falsity, therefore the free expression of ideas, true or false, should not be feared. Truth is not stable or fixed but evolves with time. Mill argued that much of what we once considered true has turned out false. Therefore, views should not be prohibited for their apparent falsity. Mill

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and the pursuit of happiness. However, Locke's ideas evolved primarily around the concept of the right to seek salvation for one's soul. He was thus primarily concerned with theological matters. Locke neither supported a universal toleration of peoples nor freedom of speech; according to his ideas,

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Jeremy Paxman famously said he went into journalism after hearing that the relationship between a journalist and a politician was akin to that of a dog and a lamppost. Several MPs now want to replace this with a principle whereby MPs define the parameters under which the press operates – and "work

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Society can and does execute its own mandates ... it practises a social tyranny more formidable than many kinds of political oppression, since, though not usually upheld by such extreme penalties, it leaves fewer means of escape, penetrating much more deeply into the details of life, and enslaving

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Comparison may be made between Mill's 'tyrannical majority' and the employer who dismisses an employee for expression that it dislikes on moral grounds. The protection of employer action in these circumstances evokes Mill's concern about state tolerance of coercive means to ensure conformity with

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may occur through legal sanction, and others may occur through social disapprobation. In Saudi Arabia, journalists are forbidden to write with disrespect or disapproval of the royal family, religion, or the government. Journalists are also not given any legal protection for their writing in Saudi

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of all people. Nevertheless, Milton also articulated the main strands of future discussions about freedom of expression. By defining the scope of freedom of expression and "harmful" speech, Milton argued against the principle of pre-censorship and in favor of tolerance for a wide range of views.

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argued that "...there ought to exist the fullest liberty of professing and discussing, as a matter of ethical conviction, any doctrine, however immoral it may be considered". Mill argues that the fullest liberty of expression is required to push arguments to their logical limits, rather than the

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TODAY is the 50th anniversary of the court ruling that overturned America's obscenity laws, setting off an explosion of free speech — and also, in retrospect, splashing cold water on the idea, much discussed during Sonia Sotomayor's Supreme Court confirmation hearings, that judges are "umpires"

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The idea of the "offense principle" is also used to justify speech limitations, describing the restriction on forms of expression deemed offensive to society, considering factors such as extent, duration, motives of the speaker, and ease with which it could be avoided. With the evolution of the

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Article 19 of the UDHR states that "everyone shall have the right to hold opinions without interference" and "everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either

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introduced what is known as the "offence principle". Feinberg wrote, "It is always a good reason in support of a proposed criminal prohibition that it would probably be an effective way of preventing serious offence (as opposed to injury or harm) to persons other than the actor, and that it is

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would not have sufficient information for the drafting of good laws, and those dispensing justice would not be monitored, nor would the subjects know the requirements of the law, the limits of the rights of government, and their responsibilities. Education and ethical conduct would be crushed;

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has outlined conditions in which freedom of the press may constrain freedom of speech. For example, if all the people who control the various mediums of publication suppress information or stifle the diversity of voices inherent in freedom of speech. This limitation was famously summarised as

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argues that "the free speech principle involves a special act of carving out one area of social interaction for extraordinary self-restraint, the purpose of which is to develop and demonstrate a social capacity to control feelings evoked by a host of social encounters". Bollinger argues that

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Freedom of speech is understood to be fundamental in a democracy. The norms on limiting freedom of expression mean that public debate may not be completely suppressed even in times of emergency. One of the most notable proponents of the link between freedom of speech and

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was arrested in the U.S. due to complaints again about his use of various obscenities. A three-judge panel presided over his widely publicized six-month trial. He was found guilty of obscenity in November 1964. He was sentenced on 21 December 1964, to four months in a

2265:" is one of the six dimensions of governance that the Worldwide Governance Indicators measure for more than 200 countries. Against this backdrop it is important that development agencies create grounds for effective support for a free press in developing countries. 3219:

was chartered to curtail the "greate enormities and abuses" of "dyvers contentyous and disorderlye persons professinge the arte or mystere of pryntinge or selling of books". The right to print was restricted to two universities and the 21 existing printers in the

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In contrast to Anglophone nations, France was a haven for literary freedom. The innate French regard for the mind meant that France was disinclined to punish literary figures for their writing, and prosecutions were rare. While it was prohibited everywhere else,

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Jasper Doomen argued that harm should be defined from the point of view of the individual citizen, not limiting harm to physical harm since nonphysical harm may also be involved; Feinberg's distinction between harm and offence is criticized as largely trivial.

55:(1948)—Article 19 states that "Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers." 6997: 2448:

decisions have fashioned the principle that the constitutional guarantees of free speech and free press do not allow a State to forbid or proscribe advocacy of the use of force or law violation except where such advocacy is directed to inciting or producing

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later amends this by stating that the exercise of these rights carries "special duties and responsibilities" and may "therefore be subject to certain restrictions" when necessary "or respect of the rights or reputation of others" or "or the protection of

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developed ideas encompassing a more universal aspect freedom of speech and toleration than the early English philosophers. By the 18th century the idea of freedom of speech was being discussed by thinkers all over the Western world, especially by French

2789:'s government had been intensifying the scrutiny of social media accounts, under which they were detaining several activists, critics and even normal social media users over few critical tweets. A law professor, Awad Al-Qarni became a victim of Saudi's 4876:

In respect to all persons but those whose pecuniary circumstances make them independent of the good will of other people, opinion, on this subject, is as efficacious as law; men might as well be imprisoned, as excluded from the means of earning their

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met with Stalin in 1934 and was hopeful of reform in the Soviet Union. However, during their meeting in Moscow, Wells said, "the free expression of opinion—even of opposition opinion, I do not know if you are prepared yet for that much freedom here".

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discarded the previous test of "clear and present danger" and made the right to freedom of (political) speech protections in the United States almost absolute. Hate speech is also protected by the First Amendment in the United States, as decided in

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and court proceeding which may limit access to the search for information, or determine the opportunity and means in which freedom of expression is manifested within court proceedings. As a general principle freedom of expression may not limit the

2827:(EFF) has argued that "censorship cannot be the only answer to disinformation online" and that tech companies "have a history of overcorrecting and censoring accurate, useful speech—or, even worse, reinforcing misinformation with their policies." 2062:

The free communication of ideas and opinions is one of the most precious of the rights of man. Every citizen may, accordingly, speak, write, and print with freedom, but shall be responsible for such abuses of this freedom as shall be defined by

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been known to ask people to stop taking photographs of public places. Those who fail to comply have sometimes been harassed, detained, and arrested. Other people have ended up in FBI databases for taking innocuous photographs of public places.

3870:. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights; adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by UN General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16 December 1966, entry into force 23 March 1976. Archived from 4077: 1989:

claims meaning Parliamentarians are free to speak up in the House without fear of legal action. This protection extends to written proceedings: for example, written and oral questions, motions and amendments tabled to bills and motions.

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is the most famous and long-lasting example of "bad books" catalogues issued by the Roman Catholic Church, which presumed to be in authority over private thoughts and opinions, and suppressed views that went against its doctrines. The

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Freedom of speech is not regarded as absolute by some, with most legal systems generally setting limits on the freedom of speech, particularly when freedom of speech conflicts with other rights and protections, such as in the cases of

3228:. As the British crown took control of type founding in 1637, printers fled to the Netherlands. Confrontation with authority made printers radical and rebellious, with 800 authors, printers, and book dealers being incarcerated in the 3072:

and government information, works of dissent and criticism could also circulate rapidly. Consequently, governments established controls over printers across Europe, requiring them to have official licenses to trade and produce books.

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on December 2, 1766, passed the adoption of a freedom of the press regulation that stopped censorship and introduced the principle of public access to official records in Sweden. Excluded were defamation of the king's majesty and the

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In the United States, the right to freedom of expression has been interpreted to include the right to take and publish photographs of strangers in public areas without their permission or knowledge. This is not the case worldwide.

3325:. However Struensee himself imposed some minor limitations to this edict on 7 October 1771, and it was even further limited after the fall of Struensee with legislation introduced in 1773, although censorship was not reintroduced. 3358:

coined the following sentence to illustrate Voltaire's beliefs: "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it". Hall's quote is frequently cited to describe the principle of freedom of speech.

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suggests the speech of pimps — instigating clients and sex workers to have sex — should be restricted. This suggests he may be willing to restrict some speech that, while not harming others, undermines their decisional autonomy.

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in several countries, including the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Canada, and India. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, it was the subject of landmark court rulings that saw the ban for obscenity overturned.

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has emerged in response to state sponsored censorship, monitoring and surveillance of the internet. Internet censorship includes the control or suppression of the publishing or accessing of information on the Internet. The

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is conducted under a wide variety of laws and administrative regulations, including more than sixty regulations directed at the Internet. Censorship systems are vigorously implemented by provincial branches of state-owned

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central argument for freedom of speech in On Liberty is that in order to maximize the benefits a society can gain ... it must permanently commit to restraining dominant groups from their natural inclination to demand

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Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of

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and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. Communication is a fundamental social process, a basic human need and the foundation of all social organisation. It is central to the

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are used interchangeably in political discourse. However, in a legal sense, the freedom of expression includes any activity of seeking, receiving, and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used.

2395:. These include Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Switzerland and Romania. 2382:

Interpretations of both the harm and offense limitations to freedom of speech are culturally and politically relative. For instance, in Russia, the harm and offense principles have been used to justify the

9351: 5037: 3317:. The idea began to be incorporated in political theory both in theory as well as practice; the first state edict in history proclaiming complete freedom of speech was the one issued 4 December 1770 in 5068: 6264:

Mr Rusbridger said: "When people talk about licensing journalists or newspapers the instinct should be to refer them to history. Read about how licensing of the press in Britain was abolished in 1695.

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of their own homes. An otherwise identical activity might be permitted if it happened at a different time (e.g., during the day), at a different place (e.g., at a government building or in another

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Europe's highest human rights court ruled on Friday that disparagement of religious doctrines such as insulting the Prophet Muhammad isn't protected by freedom of expression and can be prosecuted.

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Limitations based on time, place, and manner apply to all speech, regardless of the view expressed. They are generally restrictions that are intended to balance other rights or a legitimate

2104:'s arguments, freedom of speech is understood as a multi-faceted right that includes not only the right to express, or disseminate, information and ideas but three further distinct aspects: 9437: 6933: 3371:, were in favor of freedom of speech for views they liked only. If you're in favor of freedom of speech, that means you're in favor of freedom of speech precisely for views you despise". 2118:

International, regional and national standards also recognise that freedom of speech, as the freedom of expression, includes any medium, whether orally, in writing, in print, through the

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as much as for free speech". International, national and regional standards recognise that freedom of speech, as one form of freedom of expression, applies to any medium, including the

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Some views are illegal to express because they are perceived by some to be harmful to others. This category often includes speech that is both false and potentially dangerous, such as

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which is an offence against the dignity of a reigning sovereign or against a state. Doing so constitutes an offence. For example, Saudi Arabia is responsible for executing journalist

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has called this defence of free speech on the grounds of democracy "probably the most attractive and certainly the most fashionable free speech theory in modern Western democracies".

9452: 5136: 6741: 10852: 1928: 10044: 9690: 7029: 7367: 1915:, which suggests that "the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others". 5561: 4210: 4259: 3331:(1806–1873) argued that without human freedom, there could be no progress in science, law, or politics, which according to Mill, required free discussion of opinion. Mill's 9447: 4969: 4694: 4733: 4639: 4600: 4561: 2934:, a written work, once created, could only be physically multiplied by highly laborious and error-prone manual copying. No elaborate system of censorship and control over 2469: 9765: 6153:"13. John Milton (1608–1674). Areopagitica; A Speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty of Unlicenc'd Printing, to the Parlament of England. London: [s.n.], 1644" 4661: 5831: 1938:

The Human Rights Measurement Initiative measures the right to opinion and expression for countries around the world, using a survey of in-country human rights experts.

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of information" as information with previously little or no economic value has acquired independent economic value in the information age. This includes factual data,

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No evidence should be needed that a certain freedom of writing and printing is one of the strongest bulwarks of a free organization of the state, as, without it, the

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An Austrian woman's conviction for calling the Prophet Muhammad a pedophile did not violate her freedom of speech, the European Court of Human Rights ruled Thursday.

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when particular sites are requested. The government does not appear to be systematically examining Internet content, as this appears to be technically impractical.

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moved to impose censorship. Printing allowed for multiple exact copies of a work, leading to a more rapid and widespread circulation of ideas and information (see

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for spreading "fake news" about Russia's military operation in Ukraine. As of December 2022, more than 4,000 Russians were prosecuted under "fake news" laws. The

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routinely and automatically eliminates what it perceives as hate speech, even if such words are used ironically or poetically with no intent to insult others.

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in the UK wrote, "Now that public obscenity has become commonplace, it is hard to recapture the atmosphere of a society that saw fit to ban books such as

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Freedom of speech and expression, therefore, may not be recognized as being absolute, and common limitations or boundaries to freedom of speech relate to

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is a desirable value, if not essential. However, critics argue that society should be concerned by those who directly deny or advocate, for example,

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The notion that the expression of dissent or subversive views should be tolerated, not censured or punished by law, developed alongside the rise of

2619:. Everyone, everywhere should have the opportunity to participate and no one should be excluded from the benefits of the Information Society offers. 5935: 5881: 2938:

existed, who until the 14th century were restricted to religious institutions, and their works rarely caused wider controversy. In response to the

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Arabia. Journalist Jamal Khashoggi was a critic of the Saudi Arabian government. He was killed in 2018 by Saudi Arabian officials for his writing.

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The right to freedom of speech and expression is closely related to other rights. It may be limited when conflicting with other rights (see

11429: 9377: 5128: 2606:(WSIS) Declaration of Principles adopted in 2003 makes specific reference to the importance of the right to freedom of expression for the " 1740: 1117: 9579: 9507: 9427: 7051: 6963: 10288: 5744: 5571: 5303: 3991: 2269:

entering into discussion with others an individual participates in the development of knowledge and in the direction of the community".

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in most European countries lie in efforts by the Roman Catholic Church and governments to regulate and control the output of printers.

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What is considered a human right is in some cases controversial; not all the topics listed are universally accepted as human rights

4902: 4147: 3196:(1711) are credited for creating a 'bourgeois public sphere' in England that allowed for a free exchange of ideas and information. 2245:, indicates that freedom of speech, and the process of accountability that follows it, have a significant impact on the quality of 1460: 10255: 9705: 5115:

The freedom of speech does not extend to include defaming the prophet of Islam, the European Court of Human rights ruled Thursday.

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in 1789, specifically affirmed freedom of speech as an inalienable right. Adopted in 1791, freedom of speech is a feature of the

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coarseness in thought, speech, and manners would prevail, and dimness would darken the entire sky of our freedom in a few years.

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ceased being regulated in England in 1695 when the Licensing Order of 1643 was allowed to expire after the introduction of the

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or art forms. This means that the protection of freedom of speech as a right includes the content and the means of expression.

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orally, in writing or print, in the form of art, or through any other media of his choice". The version of Article 19 in the

1777: 1584: 1378: 1157: 52: 10204: 10184: 10164: 10139: 10104: 9412: 7448:– a research project of the Dahrendorf Programme for the Study of Freedom at St Antony's College in the University of Oxford 6576: 6190: 4507: 2468:, (1992) in which the Supreme Court ruled that hate speech is permissible, except in the case of imminent violence. See the 8910: 8103: 7285: 6277: 5657: 4891:"Speech, Truth, and Freedom: An Examination of John Stuart Mill's and Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes's Free Speech Defenses" 3573: 3363:

stated, "If you believe in freedom of speech, you believe in freedom of speech for views you don't like. Dictators such as

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A succession of English thinkers was at the forefront of early discussion on a right to freedom of expression, among them

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legally established the constitutional right of freedom of speech in Parliament, which is still in effect. This so-called

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at a politician's home during the middle of the night, as that impinges upon the rights of the politician's neighbors to

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According to Wu, in the 21st century, the danger is not "suppressive states" that target "speakers directly", but that:

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stated the overturning of the obscenity laws "set off an explosion of free speech" in the U.S. The 1960s also saw the

2724:(RWB) "internet enemy list" the following states engage in pervasive internet censorship: Mainland China, Cuba, Iran, 12104: 10734: 10029: 9988: 9196: 8962: 8836: 7868: 7491: 7298: 7158: 6873: 6665: 6455: 6422: 5495: 5401: 4324: 2899: 1870: 1455: 1080: 835: 10144: 9933: 9635: 4928:

Wragg, Paul (2015). "Free Speech Rights at Work: Resolving the Differences between Practice and Liberal Principle".

11934: 11295: 10443: 10433: 10240: 9943: 9873: 9838: 8801: 5007: 3565: 1998: 1733: 1490: 10332: 10199: 9512: 6220: 6160: 6043: 4358: 2720:

claims to remove blocks to the "free flow of information" for what they term "closed societies". According to the

12034: 11969: 11014: 10766: 10281: 9973: 9918: 9888: 9750: 6066: 5257:"ABA Division for Public Education: Students: Debating the "Mighty Constitutional Opposites": Hate Speech Debate" 2523: 2487: 2392: 2238: 1517: 422: 9878: 3553:

in 2018. As he entered the Saudi embassy in Turkey, a team of Saudi assassins killed him. Another Saudi writer,

2801:

posts, but dissidents considered him as an important intellectual who maintained strong social media influence.

2226:

expanded on this defence when he argued that freedom of speech helps to provide a balance between stability and

12239: 11225: 10174: 10114: 10089: 10079: 10069: 10034: 9993: 9898: 9609: 9532: 8267: 8164: 7920: 7355: 7210: 7182: 7139: 6709: 5859: 5594: 4166: 4022: 2824: 2706: 1781: 885: 454: 10422: 9670: 4285: 2514: 12249: 11378: 10802: 10754: 10749: 10495: 10214: 10179: 10084: 10039: 9818: 9665: 9522: 8462: 4188: 4125: 3508:

process and died before the appeal was decided. On 23 December 2003, thirty-seven years after Bruce's death,

1363: 1343: 5357: 3068:. While governments and church encouraged printing in many ways because it allowed for the dissemination of 3032:, but enforced by local government authorities, and went through 300 editions. Amongst others, it banned or 1398: 11989: 11974: 11869: 10124: 9978: 9958: 9913: 9863: 9843: 9828: 9735: 9457: 9341: 8204: 4863: 4826: 3714: 2767: 2278: 9833: 9808: 3177: 2150:, which play a special role as the bearer of the general right to freedom of expression for all. However, 12224: 11395: 10906: 10797: 9853: 9685: 8994: 8877: 8298: 8030: 7940: 7663: 3740: 3733: 3643: 3601: 3399: 3155: 2918: 2567: 2441: 2384: 1726: 1388: 965: 432: 326: 9848: 3135:

Give me the liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely according to conscience, above all liberties.

1969:

claimed freedom of speech as "an ancient custom of Parliament" in the 1590s, and it was affirmed in the

855: 12244: 12234: 12122: 11266: 10989: 10438: 10274: 7907: 7346: 3770: 3628: 3488:

were published in France decades before they were available in the respective authors' home countries.

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and was facing death sentence. Saudi-controlled media portrayed him as a dangerous preacher due to his

2681:

and freedom of information acts as an extension to this right. Freedom of information may also concern

2545: 2464: 2249:

of a country. "Voice and Accountability" within a country, defined as "the extent to which a country's

1974: 1440: 1105: 890: 572: 417: 9675: 9467: 7127:

Free Speech, "The People's Darling Privilege": Struggles for Freedom of Expression in American History

6820: 3897: 3337:, published in 1859, became a classic defence of the right to freedom of expression. Mill argued that 3314: 59: 11914: 11874: 11315: 10860: 10468: 9273: 9208: 9069: 8548: 8252: 8194: 7804: 7524: 7202: 5792: 5485: 4388:

Andrew Puddephatt, Freedom of Expression, The essentials of Human Rights, Hodder Arnold, 2005, p. 128

3669: 3613: 3159:

of 1707, which listed the specific passages of books already in circulation that required censorship.

2977:'s printing press had resulted in a world infected by "pernicious lies"—so van Cuyck singled out the 2961: 2780: 2721: 2230:. Freedom of speech acts as a "safety valve" to let off steam when people might otherwise be bent on 2200: 1874: 1551: 1445: 1055: 845: 525: 511: 2413:

Certain public institutions may also enact policies restricting the freedom of speech, for example,

2080:

Today, freedom of speech, or the freedom of expression, is recognised in international and regional

1760:

of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation,

12136: 12014: 11742: 11504: 11464: 11454: 11402: 9079: 8903: 8209: 8174: 8119: 8005: 7688: 4050: 3699: 3480: 3443: 3233: 2881: 2396: 1338: 1323: 1189: 1085: 336: 143: 9362: 6157:

Early Censorship in England, "Heresy and Error": The Ecclesiastical Censorship of Books, 1400–1800

3267: 2665:

Freedom of information is an extension of freedom of speech where the medium of expression is the

940: 825: 11792: 11700: 10999: 10994: 10739: 9953: 9803: 9787: 8758: 8707: 8568: 8563: 7915: 7377: 3271: 3091: 2744: 2491: 2450: 1643: 1522: 1465: 1353: 1318: 1177: 1132: 1045: 880: 270: 235: 111: 6217:

The Index of Expurgations, "Heresy and Error": The Ecclesiastical Censorship of Books, 1400–1800

6040:

Ecclesiastical Censorship, "Heresy and Error": The Ecclesiastical Censorship of Books, 1400–1800

722: 12259: 11964: 11954: 11543: 11474: 11459: 10940: 10899: 10382: 10129: 9268: 9244: 9166: 8419: 8291: 7945: 7930: 7693: 7628: 6955: 6742:"Lady Chatterley trial - 50 years on. The filthy book that set us free and fettered us forever" 6447: 3212: 3168: 2877: 2712: 2674: 2660: 2549: 2481: 2258: 2018: 1858: 1556: 1532: 1500: 1470: 1435: 1430: 1405: 1266: 1184: 1060: 1030: 255: 6657: 6651: 6414: 5748: 5287: 4840:

the soul itself. Protection, therefore, against the tyranny of the magistrate is not enough...

4026: 3983: 3139: 2058:. The French Declaration provides for freedom of expression in Article 11, which states that: 12229: 12074: 12049: 11979: 11662: 11390: 11163: 11121: 11091: 10744: 10699: 9329: 9064: 9016: 8999: 8768: 8257: 8065: 8055: 8020: 7773: 7748: 7703: 7653: 7602: 7484: 7131: 6317: 6311: 5967: 5961: 5682: 5566: 5170: 5061:"Calling Prophet Muhammad a pedophile does not fall within freedom of speech: European court" 3790: 3780: 3116: 3061: 2947: 2748: 2644: 2432: 2318: 2135: 1924: 1886: 1677: 1599: 1574: 1546: 1505: 1485: 1475: 1420: 1358: 1333: 1249: 1244: 1209: 1194: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1127: 1122: 1075: 970: 945: 935: 840: 672: 657: 557: 499: 121: 7454:– an international organisation that promotes and defends the right to freedom of expression 6406: 6213:"52. Jacobus de Voragine (c. 1230–1298). Legenda aurea sanctorum. Madrid: Juan Garcia, 1688" 4014: 3833: 815: 12069: 11824: 11737: 11715: 11638: 11634: 11563: 11479: 11424: 11419: 11242: 11086: 10975: 10761: 10709: 10415: 10392: 9660: 9303: 9293: 9288: 9249: 9234: 9106: 8979: 8950: 8717: 8184: 8144: 8025: 7849: 7829: 7713: 7658: 7648: 7592: 7519: 6777: 3760: 3755: 3596: 3569: 3509: 3453: 3355: 3192: 3172: 3167:

worldview. He thought that the English people had the mission to work out the truth of the

2994: 2873: 2444:

referred to the right even to speak openly of violent action and revolution in broad terms:

2262: 2213: 2160: 2151: 1994: 1970: 1665: 1480: 1425: 1415: 1393: 1373: 1368: 1328: 1313: 1291: 1254: 1204: 1162: 1152: 1112: 632: 597: 506: 459: 304: 178: 173: 168: 106: 5523:

Clarke, Ian; Miller, Scott G.; Hong, Theodore W.; Sandberg, Oskar; Wiley, Brandon (2002).

622: 91: 8: 12254: 12094: 11959: 11829: 11619: 11548: 11305: 11278: 11261: 11249: 11071: 11027: 10628: 10613: 9239: 8957: 8896: 8852: 8538: 8452: 8234: 7955: 7950: 7925: 7839: 7834: 7733: 7708: 7623: 7378:"Freedom of expression and the palladium of British liberties, 1650–2000: A review essay" 5895: 5161: 3689: 3684: 3434: 3199:

More governments attempted to centralize control as the "menace" of printing spread. The

3181: 3144: 3011: 2820: 2790: 2752: 2702: 2636: 2616: 2607: 2532: 2426: 1978: 1862: 1660: 1308: 1281: 1224: 1172: 955: 727: 667: 617: 390: 309: 250: 183: 153: 148: 116: 75: 64: 21: 8664: 4151: 2159:"Freedom of the press is guaranteed only to those who own one". Lichtenberg argues that 11814: 11730: 11720: 11553: 11516: 11446: 11385: 11368: 11322: 11232: 11146: 10960: 10818: 10771: 10704: 10461: 10403: 10397: 10376: 10316: 9283: 9261: 9011: 8831: 8773: 8697: 8609: 8599: 8522: 8436: 8414: 8328: 8272: 8149: 8075: 7970: 7768: 7753: 6629: 6541: 6440: 6244:"Leveson Inquiry: British press freedom is a model for the world, editor tells inquiry" 5718: 5612: 5173: 4890: 3801: 3745: 3659: 3654: 3606: 3448: 3310: 3215:. The right to print was limited to the members of that guild. Thirty years later, the 2974: 2571: 2155: 1951: 1789: 1383: 1286: 1199: 995: 930: 830: 385: 365: 202: 44: 6848:"Dirty books and literary freedom: The Lady Chatterley publisher who beat the censors" 647: 12184: 12160: 11944: 11846: 11834: 11799: 11710: 11657: 11629: 11611: 11414: 11290: 11283: 11096: 11044: 11022: 10950: 10776: 10603: 10369: 10297: 9998: 9903: 9201: 9136: 9121: 9084: 8974: 8629: 8604: 8517: 8404: 8368: 8348: 8333: 8179: 8139: 8092: 8040: 7723: 7638: 7607: 7514: 7428: 7408:

Minorities, Free Speech and the Internet. United Kingdom, Taylor & Francis, 2023.

7397: 7351: 7330: 7304: 7294: 7268: 7260: 7250: 7220: 7206: 7192: 7178: 7154: 7135: 6903: 6705: 6699: 6661: 6633: 6621: 6566: 6545: 6533: 6478: 6451: 6418: 6407: 6321: 6120: 6072: 6003: 5971: 5875: 5619: 5590: 5524: 5491: 5452: 5425: 5397: 5293: 5193: 4723: 4629: 4590: 4551: 4497: 4458: 4410: 4182: 4104: 4030: 4015: 3679: 3546: 3532: 3429: 3388: 3260: 3029: 3002: 2591: 2223: 2051: 2002: 1815: 1702: 975: 732: 662: 637: 627: 607: 427: 245: 207: 48: 12143: 12089: 7322:

Freedom of Expression: Resistance and Repression in the Age of Intellectual Property

7020:"The first 50 lashes: A Saudi activist's wife endures her husband's brutal sentence" 5928:"The Menace of Unreality: How the Kremlin Weaponizes Information, Culture and Money" 5095:"Defaming Muhammad does not fall under purview of free speech, European court rules" 4785: 4314: 4232: 3037: 11705: 11695: 11521: 11469: 11373: 11237: 11126: 11076: 11054: 11049: 10980: 10878: 10543: 10538: 10507: 10355: 9298: 8969: 8857: 8826: 8779: 8722: 8687: 8659: 8634: 8578: 8512: 8358: 8343: 8169: 8085: 8050: 7758: 7728: 7718: 7683: 7597: 7587: 7577: 7541: 7536: 7477: 7389: 7242: 6990:"Opinion | Jamal Khashoggi: What the Arab world needs most is free expression" 6911: 6611: 6523: 5714: 4937: 4531:

Freedom of Expression: The Revolutionary Roots of American and French Legal Thought

3812: 3649: 3638: 3623: 3591: 3586: 3328: 3292:

By the second half of the 17th century philosophers on the European continent like

3256: 3225: 2677:. As with the right to freedom of expression, the right to privacy is a recognised 2670: 2519: 2375: 2355: 2140: 2081: 2040: 2010: 1906: 1878: 1618: 1611: 950: 900: 865: 810: 717: 702: 677: 612: 582: 449: 400: 375: 358: 353: 287: 212: 138: 126: 8472: 870: 12148: 12079: 12019: 11904: 11752: 11747: 11725: 11645: 11599: 11356: 11310: 11208: 11185: 11168: 11141: 10926: 10844: 10678: 10663: 10658: 10638: 10633: 10512: 9229: 9176: 9151: 9141: 9126: 9059: 9049: 8945: 8933: 8867: 8732: 8702: 8654: 8431: 8247: 8199: 8159: 8060: 8010: 7743: 7738: 7678: 7633: 7582: 7326: 7234: 7228: 7024: 6653:

They Never Said It: A Book of Fake Quotes, Misquotes, and Misleading Attributions

6560: 5187: 4862:(4th ed.). London: Longman, Roberts & Green (published 1869). para. 19. 4761: 4491: 4057: 3807: 3704: 3550: 3470: 3045: 2628: 2495: 1890: 1714: 1010: 1000: 985: 905: 895: 875: 767: 747: 707: 682: 592: 486: 474: 464: 405: 265: 260: 131: 7088: 5664: 5610:

Deibert, Robert; Palfrey, John G; Rohozinski, Rafal; Zittrain, Jonathan (2008).

4825:(4th ed.). London: Longman, Roberts & Green (published 1869). para. 5. 2912: 1893:, for example, yelling "Fire!" in a crowded movie theater where no fire exists, 12208: 12196: 12109: 12029: 11984: 11924: 11889: 11681: 11594: 11499: 11407: 11198: 11032: 10955: 10867: 10807: 10668: 10643: 10623: 10568: 10548: 10517: 10490: 10326: 8692: 8674: 8639: 8594: 8573: 8457: 8189: 8114: 8070: 7844: 7778: 7556: 7551: 7316: 7246: 7238: 4346: 3795: 3694: 3633: 3618: 3561: 3545:

In some countries, people are not allowed to talk about certain things such as

3420: 3318: 3293: 3221: 3041: 2939: 2931: 2810: 2503: 2342: 2314: 2176: 2164: 1902: 1850: 1785: 1682: 1655: 1650: 1623: 1579: 925: 860: 712: 687: 652: 602: 542: 469: 370: 331: 321: 195: 163: 6616: 6599: 6528: 6511: 5639: 3537: 3391:, a club which defends freedom of expression and a free press, English author 3184:

shortly after the Glorious Revolution. The emergence of publications like the

2472:

for more detailed information on this decision and its historical background.

915: 737: 12218: 12064: 11949: 11864: 11809: 11669: 11589: 11484: 11334: 11327: 11220: 11173: 11066: 10922: 10826: 10724: 10653: 10618: 10563: 10485: 10311: 9313: 8984: 8763: 8742: 8338: 8314: 8219: 8154: 8035: 7698: 7673: 7668: 7463: 7411: 7401: 7308: 7280: 7272: 7224: 6625: 6537: 3871: 3512: 3372: 3364: 3306: 3279: 3252: 3208: 3204: 3186: 3164: 3149: 2986: 2955: 2951: 2771: 2632: 2624: 2583: 2363: 2288: 2282: 2227: 1894: 1866: 1638: 960: 920: 850: 820: 787: 782: 762: 642: 567: 479: 342: 158: 10891: 5764:"'Equality of Injustice for All': Saudi Arabia Expands Crackdown on Dissent" 4941: 3211:

thought to stem the flow of seditious and heretical books by chartering the

2490:. For example, a time, place, and manner restriction might prohibit a noisy 12203: 12099: 11899: 11804: 11650: 11624: 11533: 11215: 11203: 11151: 11111: 11106: 10970: 10965: 10872: 10729: 10608: 10593: 10588: 10578: 10573: 10553: 10349: 9191: 9146: 9044: 9039: 8872: 8862: 8644: 8553: 8543: 8409: 8383: 8129: 8124: 8015: 7892: 7860: 7643: 7173: 5687: 5487:

The future of the public domain: identifying the commons in information law

4108: 3775: 3475: 3368: 3360: 3297: 3216: 3200: 3107: 3086: 3057: 3006: 2786: 2760: 2733: 2648: 2562: 2499: 2418: 2391:

issues. Many European countries outlaw speech that might be interpreted as

2341:. Justifications for limitations to freedom of speech often reference the " 2219: 2027: 1773: 1672: 1005: 980: 910: 757: 587: 577: 380: 4316: 12039: 11787: 11782: 11774: 11759: 11584: 11489: 11300: 11136: 11101: 11081: 11061: 11039: 11004: 10719: 10683: 10673: 10648: 10598: 10558: 10533: 10428: 10409: 9256: 9181: 9131: 9101: 9094: 9054: 8737: 8558: 8495: 8467: 8388: 7995: 7290: 7168: 5387: 4406:

Limits to tolerance: freedom of expression and the public debate in Chile

3750: 3674: 3554: 3492: 3465: 3392: 3302: 3284: 3240: 3112: 3081: 2990: 2686: 2678: 2579: 2553: 2414: 2306: 2180: 2101: 1966: 1962: 1954:

of free speech may have emerged in the late 6th or early 5th century BC.

1946:

Freedom of speech and expression has a long history that predates modern

1920: 1854: 1838: 990: 792: 777: 752: 547: 532: 439: 292: 240: 7286:

Freedom for the Thought That We Hate: A Biography of the First Amendment

5326: 5001: 4350: 3076: 1709: 12172: 11570: 11558: 11528: 11494: 11434: 11116: 10714: 10583: 10362: 9278: 9213: 9156: 8919: 8816: 8649: 8500: 8373: 8353: 8000: 7393: 7091:. National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities. 25 December 1993. 6726:

Freedom of Speech in Russia: Politics and Media from Gorbachev to Putin

6701:

The Tolerant Society: Freedom of Speech and Extremist Speech in America

3377: 3333: 3248: 3244: 3120: 3102: 3053: 3049: 2970: 2756: 2737: 2682: 2537: 2350: 2302: 2298: 2254: 2246: 2242: 2231: 2184: 2147: 1986: 1911: 1846: 1761: 1628: 1594: 1589: 1259: 772: 562: 537: 444: 297: 277: 83: 4315:

Arthur W. Diamond Law Library at Columbia Law School (26 March 2008).

3927: 12004: 11841: 11576: 11538: 11131: 10945: 10321: 9111: 9089: 8796: 8505: 8378: 8363: 7980: 7819: 7561: 7347:

Beyond the First Amendment: The Politics of Free Speech and Pluralism

6187:"Heresy and Error": The Ecclesiastical Censorship of Books, 1400–1800 4853: 4816: 3765: 3576:

in Article 29 of Chapter 2, Rights and Liberties of Man and Citizen.

3497: 3424: 2982: 2403: 2310: 2209: 1834: 1697: 1495: 697: 217: 12167: 10266: 4203:"The World's First Freedom of Information Act (Sweden/Finland 1766)" 11994: 11690: 11511: 11339: 11254: 11193: 11156: 9392: 8712: 8242: 8080: 7824: 7529: 7451: 7197: 7103:"Top Russian Journalist Defiant in Face of Fake News Investigation" 6907: 6600:"John Stuart Mill's Passage on Pimps and the Limits on Free Speech" 5614:

Access denied: the practice and policy of global Internet filtering

3723: 3664: 3381: 3351: 3229: 3098: 3065: 3033: 2943: 2798: 2764: 2666: 2557: 2541: 2407: 2195: 2119: 1932: 1931:

that filters potentially unfavourable data from foreign countries.

1842: 1819: 1633: 1606: 1510: 1301: 552: 395: 12191: 7457: 7264: 4755:

Church members enter Canada, aiming to picket bus victim's funeral

3541:

A map of countries which have lèse-majesté laws as of January 2023

2685:

in an information technology context, i.e., the ability to access

2424:

In the U.S., the standing landmark opinion on political speech is

2035: 11909: 11764: 11676: 10501: 9308: 9116: 8821: 8727: 8682: 8045: 7990: 7975: 7960: 7500: 5853:

Gebhart, Jillian C. York, David Greene, and Gennie (1 May 2019).

3719: 3005:

issued a Bill against the unlicensed printing of books. In 1559,

2935: 2844: 2794: 2725: 2250: 2146:

The right to freedom of expression is particularly important for

2031: 1958: 1898: 1882: 1830: 1757: 742: 348: 282: 10853:

Make Love, Not War: The Sexual Revolution: An Unfettered History

8283: 7071:"In Russia, critiquing the Ukraine war could land you in prison" 5996:

MacQueen, Hector L; Waelde, Charlotte; Laurie, Graeme T (2007).

5609: 2969:(1596), Henric van Cuyck, a Dutch Bishop, defended the need for 2759:

from being routed through and consists of standard firewall and

11929: 10812: 7546: 4857: 4820: 4167:"FECL 15 (May 1993): The Swedish Tradition of Freedom of Press" 3785: 3516: 3505: 2978: 2816: 1765: 412: 7445: 5855:"Censorship Can't Be The Only Answer to Disinformation Online" 5663:. Paris: Reporters Without Borders. March 2011. Archived from 5562:"Industry rejects Australian gov't sanitized Internet measure" 5129:"Europe Court Upholds Ruling Against Woman Who Insulted Islam" 4164: 3456:, a massive long-lasting student protest on the campus of the 2190: 20:"Free speech" redirects here. For the Eddie Harris album, see 11894: 11884: 11879: 11351: 11346: 9161: 8888: 6512:"J.S. Mill's Boundaries of Freedom of Expression: A Critique" 4754: 3952: 3442:

because it was likely to 'deprave and corrupt' its readers".

3338: 3069: 2729: 2643:. The commodification of information is taking place through 2134:). The right to freedom of expression is also related to the 1826: 5030:"Italian Parliament introduces holocaust denial legislation" 3163:

Milton's defense of freedom of expression was grounded in a

12024: 10838: 10833: 7439: 6812: 3501: 3119:

re-introduction of government licensing of printers, hence

2864:

deal primarily with Western culture and do not represent a

2743:

A widely publicized example of internet censorship is the "

2640: 2587: 2388: 7469: 7458:

Media Freedom Navigator: Media Freedom Indices at a Glance

7052:"Russia Jails Anti-War Journalist 6 Years for 'Fake News'" 3123:. Church authorities had previously ensured that Milton's 2332: 4947:

orthodox moral viewpoints and so nullify unorthodox ones.

3275: 2379:

equipped to determine the relative importance of harms".

2339:

falsely shouting "Fire!" in a theatre and causing a panic

5522: 2578:

The Internet is a far more speech-enhancing medium than

12009: 6305: 6303: 6278:"David Blunkert warns MPs against regulating the Press" 5955: 5953: 5797:

Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University

5292:. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business. pp. 153–154. 3953:"Right to opinion and expression - HRMI Rights Tracker" 2509: 1818:

or public order (ordre public), or of public health or

7174:

Cyber Rights: Defending Free Speech in the Digital Age

6813:"Berkeley FSM | Free Speech Movement 50th Anniversary" 6068:

Banned Books: Censorship in Eighteenth-Century England

5393:

Cyber Rights: Defending Free Speech in the Digital Age

4013:

Raaflaub, Kurt; Ober, Josiah; Wallace, Robert (2007).

3729:

Legal status of fictional pornography depicting minors

3264:

some groups, such as atheists, should not be allowed.

2651:, as well as broadcasting and telecommunications law. 2623:

According to Bernt Hugenholtz and Lucie Guibault, the

2536:, states that "the Internet has been a revolution for 12120: 5715:"II. How Censorship Works in China: A Brief Overview" 4317:"Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen" 2776:

Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China

2693:

government institutions that are subject to the Act.

6300: 6219:. Bridwell Library. 17 December 2000. Archived from 6189:. Bridwell Library. 17 December 2000. Archived from 6159:. Bridwell Library. 17 December 2000. Archived from 6042:. Bridwell Library. 17 December 2000. Archived from 5995: 5950: 5237: 5092: 4398: 4396: 4394: 3868:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

2526:

as "a symbol to show support for personal freedoms".

2086:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

5991: 5989: 5987: 5815: 5318: 4012: 2804: 2556:material on the Internet. In 1997, in the landmark 2048:

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

1041:

Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party

8253:Freedom from involuntary female genital mutilation 7151:Freedom and Equality in a Liberal Democratic State 6740: 6738: 6649: 6439: 6108: 6106: 6104: 6102: 6100: 5999:Contemporary Intellectual Property: Law and Policy 5611: 5483: 4148:""The Freedom of the Press Act", Sveriges Riksdag" 3977: 3975: 3973: 6684:Manufacturing Consent: Noam Chomsky and the Media 6394:. Oxford University Press. pp. 155ff, 781ff. 6339: 6337: 5745:"Chinese Laws and Regulations Regarding Internet" 4662:"A Decade of Measuring the Quality of Governance" 4391: 4384: 4382: 4380: 4378: 4376: 3251:as the unit of value and the bearer of rights to 2548:(CDA) of 1996 was the first major attempt by the 2470:First Amendment to the United States Constitution 2167:summed up by the principle "no money, no voice". 2056:First Amendment to the United States Constitution 12216: 6842: 6840: 6838: 6442:Scandinavia in the Revolutionary Era – 1760–1815 6437: 5984: 5525:"Protecting Free Expression Online with Freenet" 9394:Internet censorship and surveillance by country 6404: 6389: 6343: 6250:. Telegraph Media Group Limited. Archived from 6097: 5824:"Is Russian Meddling as Dangerous as We Think?" 5680: 5126: 4999: 3970: 3484:(banned in the U.S. until 1963) and Lawrence's 2838: 2669:. Freedom of information may also refer to the 2154:does not necessarily enable freedom of speech. 2125: 6914:, 23 December 2003. Retrieved 8 September 2019 6728:. Taylor & Francis, 25. 2016. p. 142. 6656:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 6334: 6275: 6241: 5786: 5784: 5516: 4845: 4373: 4345: 4103:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 26–29. 4101:The Eighteenth-Century Constitution. 1688–1815 2406:is a crime. For example, in Austria, defaming 2084:. The right is enshrined in Article 19 of the 2026:Under the leadership of Anders Chydenius, the 10921: 10907: 10282: 9378: 8904: 8299: 7876: 7485: 6835: 6645: 6643: 6509: 4882: 4808: 4528: 3710:Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy 3207:was burned at the stake in 1546. In 1557 the 2862:The examples and perspective in this article 2453:and is likely to incite or cause such action. 1734: 1066:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties 1036:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 16:Right to communicate one's opinions and ideas 7890: 7464:Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression 6775: 6309: 5959: 5880:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5058: 4493:Dare to Speak: Defending Free Speech for All 4169:. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016 4126:"MPs' Guide to Procedure: Freedom of speech" 4120: 4118: 3090:, in which he argued forcefully against the 2098:African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights 7921:Freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention 7329:(foreword). University of Minnesota Press. 6348:. Oxford University Press. pp. 265–67. 5781: 5444: 4351:"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights" 4260:"Helsingin Sanomat – International Edition" 2755:). The system blocks content by preventing 2387:restricting speech (and action) concerning 2253:are able to participate in selecting their 2191:Democracy in relation to social interaction 2111:the right to receive information and ideas; 2013:. In a report published in 1776, he wrote: 1973:. Restating what is written in the English 10914: 10900: 10289: 10275: 9385: 9371: 8911: 8897: 8306: 8292: 7883: 7869: 7810:Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness 7492: 7478: 6650:Boller, Paul F. Jr.; George, John (1989). 6640: 6446:. University of Minnesota Press. pp. 5650: 5584: 5484:Guibault, Lucy; Hugenholtz, Bernt (2006). 5415: 5413: 5000:Kenneth Einar Himma. "Philosophy of Law". 4921: 4854:"Of the Liberty of Thought and Discussion" 4687:"Freedom of expression promotes democracy" 4533:. Cambridge University Press. p. 225. 3891: 3889: 3127:was refused a license for publication. In 1741: 1727: 6923: 6697: 6615: 6558: 6527: 5589:. McGill-Queen's Press. pp. 232–34. 5355: 5289:Emanuel Crunchtime for Constitutional Law 5189:The Law of Speech and the First Amendment 4780: 4778: 4776: 4774: 4115: 2900:Learn how and when to remove this message 2783:, business companies, and organizations. 2770:. The system also selectively engages in 2654: 2475: 2114:the right to impart information and ideas 1071:International Federation of Liberal Youth 7364: 7191: 7089:"Constitution of the Russian Federation" 6681:Mark Achbar and Peter Wintonick (1992). 6358: 6064: 5585:Martin, Robert; Adam, G. Stuart (1994). 5424:. Routledge-Cavendish. pp. 463–65. 5324: 5093:Lucia I. Suarez Sang (26 October 2018). 4895:Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities 4888: 4685:Matschke, Alexander (25 December 2014). 4684: 4098: 3895: 3536: 3398: 3266: 3138: 3075: 2960: 2911: 2513: 2287: 2194: 2108:the right to seek information and ideas; 1927:, an initiative by Chinese government's 58: 43: 8135:Right to an adequate standard of living 6470: 6112: 6002:. Oxford University Press. p. 34. 5852: 5646:from the original on 27 September 2017. 5490:. Kluwer Law International. p. 1. 5445:Klang, Mathias; Murray, Andrew (2005). 5419: 5410: 5285: 4957: 4955: 4719:Propaganda and the Ethics of Persuasion 4625:Propaganda and the Ethics of Persuasion 4586:Propaganda and the Ethics of Persuasion 4547:Propaganda and the Ethics of Persuasion 4450: 3902:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 3886: 3834:"Universal Declaration of Human Rights" 2604:World Summit on the Information Society 2333:Content viewed as harmful and offensive 2175:Freedom of speech is usually seen as a 1997:acts was introduced in Sweden in 1766 ( 1051:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats 12217: 7936:Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment 7350:. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 7343: 7315: 7167: 7148: 7123: 6739:Sandbrook, Dominic (16 October 2010). 6597: 6562:Free Speech: A Very Short Introduction 6510:Cohen-Almagor, Raphael (6 June 2017). 6413:. Princeton University Press. p. 5803:from the original on 21 September 2020 5761: 5642:. Global Internet Freedom Consortium. 5386: 5185: 5010:from the original on 14 September 2008 4905:from the original on 24 September 2016 4771: 4715: 4621: 4582: 4543: 4489: 4017:Origins of democracy in ancient Greece 2747:" (in reference both to its role as a 2696: 2689:, without censorship or restrictions. 2170: 1948:international human rights instruments 1901:. Justifications for such include the 1792:that protects free speech. Terms like 36:Freedom of expression (disambiguation) 10895: 10296: 10270: 9366: 8892: 8287: 7864: 7815:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 7473: 7442:– global campaign for free expression 7279: 7032:from the original on 30 December 2021 6854:from the original on 17 November 2021 6491:from the original on 15 February 2022 6371:from the original on 14 December 2019 6133:from the original on 15 February 2022 6016:from the original on 15 February 2022 5908:from the original on 27 November 2020 5834:from the original on 14 February 2021 5821: 5695:from the original on 15 February 2022 5559: 5504:from the original on 15 February 2022 5306:from the original on 15 February 2022 5243: 4927: 4866:from the original on 14 November 2019 4829:from the original on 14 November 2019 4510:from the original on 15 February 2022 4471:from the original on 15 February 2022 4402: 4251: 4213:from the original on 15 December 2013 3981: 3153:(1260) was censored according to the 2502:), or in a different manner (e.g., a 2069:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1941: 1778:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 53:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 7375: 7219: 7068: 7000:from the original on 20 October 2018 6884:from the original on 25 January 2021 6799:rather than agents of social change. 6753:from the original on 11 January 2022 6359:Jennings, Martin (7 November 2017). 6316:. Harvard University Press. p. 6284:from the original on 19 October 2017 5966:. Harvard University Press. p. 5681:Watts, Jonathan (20 February 2006). 5541:from the original on 11 October 2017 5368:from the original on 28 January 2013 5358:"The big business of net censorship" 5286:Emanuel, Steven L. (25 March 2020). 5139:from the original on 26 October 2018 5105:from the original on 26 October 2018 5071:from the original on 27 October 2018 4961: 4952: 4851: 4814: 4628:. Broadview Press. pp. 228–29. 4550:. Broadview Press. pp. 226–27. 4165:Fortress Europe? – Circular Letter. 3984:"Timeline: a history of free speech" 3460:, during the 1964–65 academic year. 2848: 2732:, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Syria, 2570:partially overturned the law. Judge 2510:The Internet and information society 2257:, as well as freedom of expression, 1957:Freedom of speech was vindicated by 7434:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 6926:"Photography & First Amendment" 6874:"Lenny Bruce Gets 4 Months In Jail" 6579:from the original on 15 August 2021 6276:Nelson, Fraser (24 November 2012). 6085:from the original on 15 August 2021 5762:Nereim, Vivian (21 February 2023). 5465:from the original on 15 August 2021 5192:. Oceana Publications. p. 32. 5127:Bojan Pancevski (26 October 2018). 5003:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4790:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4736:from the original on 15 August 2021 4642:from the original on 15 August 2021 4603:from the original on 15 August 2021 4564:from the original on 15 August 2021 4409:. Human Rights Watch. p. xxv. 3994:from the original on 29 August 2013 3844:from the original on 2 October 2019 3564:signed into law a bill introducing 3560:On 4 March 2022, Russian President 3557:, was arrested in 2012 and lashed. 3247:(1632–1704). Locke established the 3203:repressed printing and the printer 2673:in the context of the Internet and 2399:is also illegal in some countries. 2277:For specific country examples, see 2094:American Convention on Human Rights 2090:European Convention on Human Rights 1091:Liberal South East European Network 13: 7230:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism 7117: 6962:. American Civil Liberties Union. 6823:from the original on 8 August 2017 5934:. 22 November 2014. Archived from 5822:Yaffa, Joshua (7 September 2020). 5793:"Is the First Amendment Obsolete?" 5790: 5725:from the original on 22 April 2015 5587:A Sourcebook of Canadian Media Law 5356:Glanville, Jo (17 November 2008). 5040:from the original on 15 March 2020 4965:The Collapse of the Harm Principle 4936:(1). Oxford University Press: 11. 4796:from the original on 23 March 2019 4080:from the original on 12 March 2017 3908:from the original on 18 March 2019 3896:van Mill, David (1 January 2016). 3566:prison sentences of up to 15 years 3458:University of California, Berkeley 2718:Global Internet Freedom Consortium 32:Freedom of speech (disambiguation) 14: 12271: 12105:Western European and Others Group 8313: 8056:Right to refuse medical treatment 7466:, Organization of American States 7422: 6788:from the original on 13 June 2018 6242:Rayner, Gordon (7 October 2011). 5560:Pauli, Darren (14 January 2008). 4972:from the original on 4 March 2016 4697:from the original on 2 April 2015 4296:from the original on 9 March 2020 4257: 4239:from the original on 6 April 2019 4063:Summer 2017 / Volume I, Number 2. 1950:. It is thought that the ancient 1756:is a principle that supports the 1081:Liberal Network for Latin America 514:(contributions to liberal theory) 12202: 12190: 12178: 12166: 12154: 12142: 12130: 10434:Pornography in the United States 8802:Concentration of media ownership 7431:entry by Jeffrey Howard in the 7376:Shaw, Caroline (November 2020). 7223:(2008). "Freedom of Speech". In 7095: 7081: 7062: 7044: 7012: 6982: 6948: 6936:from the original on 2 July 2019 6917: 6896: 6866: 5059:Chase Winter (26 October 2018). 4722:. Broadview Press. p. 229. 4589:. Broadview Press. p. 226. 4490:Nossel, Suzanne (28 July 2020). 4423:from the original on 9 July 2021 4361:from the original on 3 July 2017 4327:from the original on 6 June 2013 3982:Smith, David (5 February 2006). 3474:was published in Paris in 1922. 3387:As chairman of the London-based 2853: 2805:Relationship with disinformation 2359:limits of social embarrassment. 2326:limitations to freedom of speech 2132:limitations on freedom of speech 2131: 2071:, adopted in 1948, states that: 1999:Swedish Freedom of the Press Act 1708: 1696: 90: 10767:New Andy Warhol Garrick Theatre 6966:from the original on 9 May 2018 6804: 6769: 6732: 6718: 6691: 6674: 6598:Tunick, Mark (22 August 2022). 6591: 6552: 6503: 6464: 6431: 6398: 6383: 6352: 6269: 6235: 6205: 6175: 6145: 6058: 6028: 5920: 5888: 5846: 5755: 5737: 5707: 5674: 5632: 5603: 5578: 5553: 5477: 5448:Human Rights in the Digital Age 5438: 5380: 5349: 5337:from the original on 4 May 2007 5279: 5249: 5225: 5213: 5179: 5154: 5120: 5086: 5052: 5022: 4993: 4984: 4748: 4709: 4691:D+C Development and Cooperation 4678: 4654: 4615: 4576: 4537: 4522: 4483: 4444: 4441:New Yorker, 14 May 1960, p. 109 4435: 4339: 4308: 4278: 4225: 4195: 4158: 4140: 4092: 2524:AACS encryption key controversy 2239:Worldwide Governance Indicators 8918: 8268:Sexual and reproductive health 8165:Right to a healthy environment 7800:Liberty, equality, brotherhood 7069:Weir, Fred (5 December 2022). 6924:Kenworthy, Bill (April 2012). 6778:"The Day Obscenity Became Art" 5860:Electronic Frontier Foundation 5396:. MIT Press. pp. 349–52. 4529:Tourkochoriti, Ioanna (2021). 4066: 4049:Ofir Haivry and Yoram Hazony: 4043: 4023:University of California Press 4006: 3945: 3920: 3856: 3826: 3519:for his obscenity conviction. 2825:Electronic Frontier Foundation 2707:Internet censorship by country 2345:" or the "offence principle". 2272: 2199:Permanent Free Speech Wall in 1782:international human rights law 455:Separation of church and state 1: 10803:Feminist views of pornography 10496:Masters and Johnson Institute 10333:Die Sexualität im Kulturkampf 8185:Right to public participation 7124:Curtis, Michael Kent (2000). 6776:Kaplan, Fred (20 July 2009). 6310:de Sola Pool, Ithiel (1983). 5960:de Sola Pool, Ithiel (1983). 5896:"What things regulate speech" 5325:Marcotte, John (1 May 2007). 4496:. HarperCollins. p. 10. 3900:. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). 3819: 3403:An "unexpurgated" edition of 3125:essay on the right to divorce 2815:Some legal scholars (such as 2430:(1969), expressly overruling 2292:Laws of holocaust denial 2022 1952:Athenian democratic principle 8205:Right to science and culture 6065:Castillo, Anastasia (2010). 5791:Wu, Tim (1 September 2017). 5186:Jasper, Margaret C. (1999). 4667:. World Bank. Archived from 3715:Legality of Holocaust denial 2967:Panegyricae orationes septem 2930:Before the invention of the 2839:History of dissent and truth 2627:is under pressure from the " 2530:Jo Glanville, editor of the 2279:Freedom of speech by country 2126:Relationship to other rights 7: 10798:Counterculture of the 1960s 8031:Right to keep and bear arms 7941:Freedom from discrimination 7664:Freedom from discrimination 7499: 6704:. Oxford University Press. 6183:"The index of expurgations" 6071:. GRIN Verlag. p. 12. 4889:Ten Cate, Irene M. (2010). 3741:Market for loyalties theory 3734:Simulated child pornography 3644:Everybody Draw Mohammed Day 3602:Strafgesetzbuch section 86a 3579: 3526: 3274:at the headquarters of the 3156:Index Librorum Expurgatorum 2919:Index Librorum Prohibitorum 2876:, discuss the issue on the 2385:Russian LGBT propaganda law 2237:Research undertaken by the 1929:Ministry of Public Security 10: 12276: 7525:Personification of Liberty 7416:La république des censeurs 7344:Nelson, Samuel P. (2005). 7247:10.4135/9781412965811.n112 6698:Bollinger, Lee C. (1986). 6565:. Oxford. pp. 24–29. 5422:Information Technology Law 4990:Doomen 2014, pp. 111, 112. 4852:Mill, John Stuart (1859). 4815:Mill, John Stuart (1859). 3932:humanrightsmeasurement.org 3771:Photography Is Not a Crime 3629:Civil and political rights 3530: 3323:Johann Friedrich Struensee 3171:, which would lead to the 2946:it allowed to spread, the 2842: 2808: 2700: 2658: 2546:Communications Decency Act 2479: 2465:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul 2276: 1975:Declaration of Right, 1689 18: 11875:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance 11855: 11773: 11610: 11445: 11316:Standard Average European 11184: 11013: 10933: 10861:The Notorious Bettie Page 10790: 10692: 10526: 10478: 10469:The personal is political 10453: 10342: 10304: 10233: 10007: 9796: 9628: 9400: 9322: 9222: 9032: 8926: 8845: 8789: 8751: 8673: 8622: 8587: 8531: 8488: 8481: 8445: 8397: 8321: 8228: 8195:Right to rest and leisure 8101: 7906: 7899: 7805:All men are created equal 7792: 7616: 7570: 7507: 7460:, Deutsche Welle Akademie 7368:L'esercizio di un diritto 7365:Semeraro, Pietro (2009). 7203:New York University Press 6617:10.1017/S0953820822000280 6559:Warburton, Nigel (2009). 6529:10.1017/s0031819117000213 6438:H. Arnold Barton (1986). 4403:Brett, Sebastian (1999). 4187:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3670:Global Network Initiative 3614:Bans on communist symbols 3570:1993 Russian Constitution 3515:granted him a posthumous 3384:(see limitations above). 3350:In her 1906 biography of 3111:, published in 1644, was 2722:Reporters without Borders 2201:Charlottesville, Virginia 2005:member of parliament and 1993:One of the world's first 1875:non-disclosure agreements 1772:has been recognised as a 1764:, or legal sanction. The 1678:Sexually liberal feminism 1585:Bias in American academia 1056:European Democratic Party 512:List of liberal theorists 12015:Lancaster House Treaties 11505:Christian existentialism 11465:Ancient Roman philosophy 11455:Ancient Greek philosophy 9438:Central African Republic 9080:Content-control software 8878:Society of the Spectacle 8210:Right to social security 8175:Right to Internet access 8120:Equal pay for equal work 8006:Presumption of innocence 6409:A Revolution of the Mind 6405:Jonathan Israel (2010). 6390:Jonathan Israel (2006). 6361:"Orwell statue unveiled" 6344:Jonathan Israel (2002). 5534:. IEEE. pp. 40–49. 5451:. Routledge. p. 1. 4962:Harcourt. "Conclusion". 4760:15 February 2022 at the 4099:Williams, E. N. (1960). 3700:Investigative journalism 3028:was administered by the 3017:List of Prohibited Books 2924:List of Prohibited Books 2397:Armenian genocide denial 337:Labor theory of property 11793:Equality before the law 11000:Romano-Germanic culture 9924:Palestinian territories 9335:Chinese issues overseas 8759:Influence of mass media 8564:Narcotizing dysfunction 8086:right to be a candidate 7916:Equality before the law 7149:Doomen, Jasper (2014). 6956:"Photographers' Rights" 6474:Ethics & Journalism 6471:Sanders, Karen (2003). 6392:Enlightenment Contested 6313:Technologies of freedom 6116:Ethics & Journalism 6113:Sanders, Karen (2003). 5963:Technologies of freedom 5420:Rowland, Diane (2005). 5133:The Wall Street Journal 4716:Marlin, Randal (2002). 4622:Marlin, Randal (2002). 4583:Marlin, Randal (2002). 4544:Marlin, Randal (2002). 4454:Ethics & Journalism 4451:Sanders, Karen (2003). 3486:Lady Chatterley's Lover 3440:Lady Chatterley's Lover 3416:Lady Chatterley's Lover 3406:Lady Chatterley's Lover 3315:Claude Adrien Helvétius 3282:'s proposed preface to 3232:in Paris before it was 3117:Parliament of England's 3092:Licensing Order of 1643 2745:Great Firewall of China 2522:was created during the 2492:political demonstration 2451:imminent lawless action 1983:parliamentary privilege 1046:Arab Liberal Federation 236:Consent of the governed 11955:Eastern European Group 11544:Continental philosophy 11475:Judeo-Christian ethics 11460:Hellenistic philosophy 10941:Cradle of civilization 10383:Divorce law by country 10094:YouTube video blocking 10045:Bosnia and Herzegovina 9309:Suppression of dissent 8420:Freedom of information 7946:Freedom of information 7931:Freedom of association 6904:"Lenny Bruce Pardoned" 6811: 4930:Industrial Law Journal 3904:(Fall 2016 ed.). 3542: 3410: 3321:during the regency of 3289: 3160: 3137: 3094: 2998: 2985:, and the writings of 2942:, and the theological 2927: 2836: 2713:freedom of information 2675:information technology 2661:Freedom of information 2655:Freedom of information 2621: 2600: 2550:United States Congress 2527: 2482:Time, place and manner 2476:Time, place and manner 2455: 2419:state-operated schools 2293: 2259:freedom of association 2204: 2078: 2065: 2024: 1859:classified information 1788:. Many countries have 1061:European Liberal Youth 1031:Africa Liberal Network 256:Economic globalization 68: 56: 12240:Freedom of expression 12075:Three Seas Initiative 12050:Pacific Islands Forum 11915:British–Irish Council 11663:Greek Orthodox Church 11122:Industrial Revolution 11092:Scientific Revolution 10700:55th Street Playhouse 9075:Conspiracy of silence 9065:Collateral censorship 8990:Speech and expression 8807:Exploitation of women 8258:Intersex human rights 8066:Right of self-defense 8021:Right to a fair trial 7233:. Thousand Oaks, CA: 7132:Duke University Press 6346:Radical Enlightenment 5574:on 12 September 2012. 5567:The Industry Standard 4942:10.1093/indlaw/dwu031 4349:(10 September 1948). 4154:on 30 September 2007. 4074:"Bill of Rights 1689" 4051:What Is Conservatism? 3791:Safety of journalists 3781:Political correctness 3540: 3531:Further information: 3500:. He was set free on 3402: 3270: 3143:This 1688 edition of 3142: 3133: 3079: 3062:Jean-Jacques Rousseau 2964: 2948:Roman Catholic Church 2915: 2843:Further information: 2832: 2809:Further information: 2645:intellectual property 2612: 2576: 2517: 2446: 2433:Whitney v. California 2319:intellectual property 2291: 2198: 2136:right to a fair trial 2096:and Article 9 of the 2073: 2060: 2050:, adopted during the 2015: 2001:), mainly due to the 1985:includes no possible 1925:Golden Shield Project 1887:right to be forgotten 1802:freedom of expression 1770:freedom of expression 1703:Liberalism portal 1575:Anti-authoritarianism 1076:Liberal International 62: 47: 12250:Political philosophy 12070:Special Relationship 11480:Christian philosophy 11425:Western Christianity 11087:Age of Enlightenment 10961:Hellenistic Kingdoms 10762:Mineshaft (gay club) 10710:Catacombs (sex club) 10416:Obergefell v. Hodges 10393:Freedom of the press 9984:United Arab Emirates 9352:Muhammad controversy 9289:Naturalistic fallacy 9197:computer and network 8145:Right to development 8026:Right to family life 7976:Freedom from torture 7961:Freedom from slavery 7850:Right-libertarianism 7830:Civil libertarianism 7784:Water and sanitation 7520:Moral responsibility 6880:. 22 December 1964. 6477:. Sage. p. 67. 6119:. Sage. p. 66. 5751:on 20 February 2012. 4457:. Sage. p. 68. 4056:7 April 2021 at the 3761:Paradox of tolerance 3756:Open court principle 3597:Bans on Nazi symbols 3572:expressly prohibits 3454:Free Speech Movement 3356:Evelyn Beatrice Hall 3272:George Orwell statue 3178:Freedom of the press 2995:Erasmus of Rotterdam 2882:create a new article 2874:improve this article 2214:Alexander Meiklejohn 2163:is simply a form of 2161:freedom of the press 2152:freedom of the press 2092:, Article 13 of the 2088:, Article 10 of the 1995:freedom of the press 1971:Protestation of 1621 507:Age of Enlightenment 460:Separation of powers 30:For other uses, see 12095:West Nordic Council 11960:Eastern Partnership 11549:Analytic philosophy 11250:Classical tradition 11072:Early modern period 11028:Classical antiquity 11023:European Bronze Age 10629:Robert Mapplethorpe 9766:Trinidad and Tobago 9347:Internet censorship 8853:Advanced capitalism 8539:Cult of personality 8453:Advanced capitalism 7956:Freedom of religion 7951:Freedom of movement 7926:Freedom of assembly 7908:Civil and political 7840:Left-libertarianism 7835:Drug liberalization 7452:Index on Censorship 7429:"Freedom of Speech" 7241:. pp. 182–85. 7058:. 15 February 2023. 6996:. 17 October 2018. 6994:The Washington Post 6223:on 8 September 2012 6193:on 8 September 2012 6163:on 5 September 2012 6046:on 8 September 2012 5261:www.americanbar.org 5162:Brandenburg v. Ohio 4786:"Freedom of Speech" 4286:"Freedom of Speech" 4266:on 20 November 2007 3898:"Freedom of Speech" 3690:IFEX (organization) 3685:Internet censorship 3213:Stationers' Company 3182:Bill of Rights 1689 3145:Jacobus de Voragine 3115:'s response to the 3084:'s 1644 edition of 3026:Index Expurgatorius 3021:Index Expurgatorius 3012:Index Expurgatorius 2821:Columbia University 2791:internet censorship 2753:Great Wall of China 2703:Internet censorship 2697:Internet censorship 2637:genetic information 2617:Information Society 2608:Information Society 2533:Index on Censorship 2488:government interest 2427:Brandenburg v. Ohio 2402:In some countries, 2171:As a negative right 1979:Bill of Rights 1689 1863:copyright violation 1715:Politics portal 418:Civil and political 391:Popular sovereignty 251:Economic liberalism 12225:Fundamental rights 11554:Post-structuralism 11517:Christian humanism 11147:Universal suffrage 10819:Inside Deep Throat 10705:Caldron (sex club) 10462:Make love, not war 10404:Loving v. Virginia 10398:Golden Age of Porn 10317:Male contraceptive 9691:Dominican Republic 9284:Moralistic fallacy 9022:banned video games 9005:banned televisions 8774:Semiotic democracy 8698:Civil disobedience 8610:Media manipulation 8600:Crowd manipulation 8523:Tabloid journalism 8437:Media transparency 8415:Media independence 8329:24-hour news cycle 8273:Right to sexuality 8150:Right to education 8076:Security of person 7971:Freedom of thought 7446:Free Speech Debate 7394:10.1111/hic3.12629 7221:Kors, Alan Charles 7193:Grossman, Wendy M. 6878:The New York Times 6782:The New York Times 5938:on 12 January 2021 5768:The New York Times 5719:Human Rights Watch 5683:"War of the words" 5658:"Internet Enemies" 5532:Internet Computing 5327:"free speech flag" 5267:on 13 October 2016 4357:. United Nations. 3802:Stanley v. Georgia 3746:Media transparency 3660:Freedom of thought 3655:Free speech fights 3607:Verbotsgesetz 1947 3543: 3449:The New York Times 3411: 3290: 3161: 3095: 2999: 2975:Johannes Gutenberg 2954:). The origins of 2928: 2572:Stewart R. Dalzell 2528: 2442:U.S. Supreme Court 2294: 2205: 2156:Judith Lichtenberg 2067:Article 19 of the 1942:Historical origins 1798:freedom of speech, 1790:constitutional law 386:Permissive society 366:Limited government 69: 57: 12245:Philosophy of law 12235:Freedom of speech 12137:Freedom of speech 12118: 12117: 11945:Council of Europe 11847:International law 11800:Constitutionalism 11658:Eastern Orthodoxy 11164:Post–Cold War era 11097:Age of Revolution 10951:Greco-Roman world 10889: 10888: 10777:Sandstone retreat 10735:Dallas-Fort Worth 10604:Magnus Hirschfeld 10388:Freedom of speech 10370:Myra Breckinridge 10298:Sexual revolution 10264: 10263: 9360: 9359: 9342:Freedom of speech 9187:Strategic lawsuit 9137:National intranet 9085:Damnatio memoriae 8886: 8885: 8812:Freedom of speech 8630:Theodor W. Adorno 8618: 8617: 8605:Managing the news 8425:Freedom of speech 8405:Media development 8369:News broadcasting 8349:Independent media 8334:Alternative media 8281: 8280: 8180:Right to property 8140:Right to clothing 8125:Fair remuneration 8093:Right to homeland 8041:Right to petition 7966:Freedom of speech 7858: 7857: 7515:Cognitive liberty 7371:. Giuffre Milano. 7256:978-1-4129-6580-4 6930:Newseum Institute 6572:978-0-19-923235-2 6484:978-0-7619-6967-9 6327:978-0-674-87233-2 6280:. The Spectator. 6254:on 7 October 2011 6126:978-0-7619-6967-9 6078:978-3-640-71688-3 6009:978-0-19-926339-4 5977:978-0-674-87233-2 5670:on 15 March 2011. 5458:978-1-904385-31-8 5299:978-1-5438-0727-1 5199:978-0-379-11335-8 4792:. 17 April 2008. 4503:978-0-06-296606-3 4464:978-0-7619-6967-9 4416:978-1-56432-192-3 4076:. 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Emerson 2052:French Revolution 2003:classical liberal 1816:national security 1754:Freedom of speech 1751: 1750: 1590:Bias in the media 1106:Regional variants 423:Natural and legal 49:Eleanor Roosevelt 12267: 12207: 12206: 12195: 12194: 12183: 12182: 12181: 12171: 12170: 12159: 12158: 12157: 12147: 12146: 12135: 12134: 12133: 12126: 11990:EU Customs Union 11522:Secular humanism 11470:Christian ethics 11420:East–West Schism 11403:Physical culture 11127:Great Divergence 11077:Age of Discovery 10916: 10909: 10902: 10893: 10892: 10614:Virginia Johnson 10544:Aleister Crowley 10539:Marilyn Chambers 10508:Protests of 1968 10356:Boys in the Sand 10291: 10284: 10277: 10268: 10267: 10256:Papua New Guinea 9540: 9387: 9380: 9373: 9364: 9363: 9299:Propaganda model 8927:Media regulation 8913: 8906: 8899: 8890: 8889: 8858:Culture industry 8827:Social influence 8780:The Lonely Crowd 8723:Political satire 8688:Call-out culture 8665:Jacques Rancière 8660:Marshall McLuhan 8635:Jean Baudrillard 8579:Viral phenomenon 8513:Public relations 8486: 8485: 8359:Mainstream media 8344:Electronic media 8308: 8301: 8294: 8285: 8284: 8170:Right to housing 8104:Economic, social 8051:Right to protest 8046:Right to privacy 7885: 7878: 7871: 7862: 7861: 7542:Positive liberty 7537:Negative liberty 7494: 7487: 7480: 7471: 7470: 7418:, L'Herne, 176p. 7405: 7372: 7361: 7340: 7312: 7276: 7216: 7188: 7164: 7145: 7111: 7110: 7109:. 23 March 2022. 7099: 7093: 7092: 7085: 7079: 7078: 7066: 7060: 7059: 7056:The Moscow Times 7048: 7042: 7041: 7039: 7037: 7016: 7010: 7009: 7007: 7005: 6986: 6980: 6979: 6973: 6971: 6952: 6946: 6945: 6943: 6941: 6921: 6915: 6912:Associated Press 6900: 6894: 6893: 6891: 6889: 6870: 6864: 6863: 6861: 6859: 6844: 6833: 6832: 6830: 6828: 6817:fsm.berkeley.edu 6808: 6802: 6801: 6795: 6793: 6773: 6767: 6766: 6760: 6758: 6744: 6736: 6730: 6729: 6722: 6716: 6715: 6695: 6689: 6688: 6678: 6672: 6671: 6647: 6638: 6637: 6619: 6595: 6589: 6588: 6586: 6584: 6556: 6550: 6549: 6531: 6507: 6501: 6500: 6498: 6496: 6468: 6462: 6461: 6445: 6435: 6429: 6428: 6412: 6402: 6396: 6395: 6387: 6381: 6380: 6378: 6376: 6356: 6350: 6349: 6341: 6332: 6331: 6307: 6298: 6297: 6291: 6289: 6273: 6267: 6266: 6261: 6259: 6239: 6233: 6232: 6230: 6228: 6209: 6203: 6202: 6200: 6198: 6179: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6149: 6143: 6142: 6140: 6138: 6110: 6095: 6094: 6092: 6090: 6062: 6056: 6055: 6053: 6051: 6032: 6026: 6025: 6023: 6021: 5993: 5982: 5981: 5957: 5948: 5947: 5945: 5943: 5924: 5918: 5917: 5915: 5913: 5907: 5900: 5892: 5886: 5885: 5879: 5871: 5869: 5867: 5850: 5844: 5843: 5841: 5839: 5819: 5813: 5812: 5810: 5808: 5788: 5779: 5778: 5776: 5774: 5759: 5753: 5752: 5747:. 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Article 2. 4886: 4880: 4879: 4873: 4871: 4849: 4843: 4842: 4836: 4834: 4812: 4806: 4805: 4803: 4801: 4782: 4769: 4768:, 8 August 2008. 4752: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4713: 4707: 4706: 4704: 4702: 4682: 4676: 4675: 4674:on 8 April 2008. 4673: 4666: 4658: 4652: 4651: 4649: 4647: 4619: 4613: 4612: 4610: 4608: 4580: 4574: 4573: 4571: 4569: 4541: 4535: 4534: 4526: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4515: 4487: 4481: 4480: 4478: 4476: 4448: 4442: 4439: 4433: 4432: 4430: 4428: 4400: 4389: 4386: 4371: 4370: 4368: 4366: 4343: 4337: 4336: 4334: 4332: 4323:. www.hrcr.org. 4312: 4306: 4305: 4303: 4301: 4282: 4276: 4275: 4273: 4271: 4262:. Archived from 4255: 4249: 4248: 4246: 4244: 4229: 4223: 4222: 4220: 4218: 4199: 4193: 4192: 4186: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4162: 4156: 4155: 4150:. 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10052: 10047: 10042: 10037: 10032: 10027: 10022: 10017: 10011: 10009: 10005: 10004: 10002: 10001: 9996: 9991: 9986: 9981: 9976: 9971: 9966: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9936: 9931: 9926: 9921: 9916: 9911: 9906: 9901: 9896: 9891: 9886: 9881: 9876: 9871: 9866: 9861: 9856: 9851: 9846: 9841: 9836: 9831: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9806: 9800: 9798: 9794: 9793: 9791: 9790: 9785: 9780: 9779: 9778: 9768: 9763: 9758: 9753: 9748: 9743: 9738: 9733: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9698: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9663: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9643: 9638: 9632: 9630: 9626: 9625: 9623: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9607: 9602: 9597: 9592: 9587: 9582: 9577: 9572: 9567: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9538:Western Sahara 9530: 9525: 9520: 9515: 9510: 9505: 9500: 9495: 9490: 9485: 9480: 9475: 9470: 9465: 9460: 9455: 9450: 9445: 9440: 9435: 9430: 9425: 9420: 9415: 9410: 9404: 9402: 9398: 9397: 9390: 9389: 9382: 9375: 9367: 9358: 9357: 9355: 9354: 9349: 9344: 9339: 9338: 9337: 9326: 9324: 9320: 9319: 9317: 9316: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9296: 9291: 9286: 9281: 9276: 9271: 9266: 9265: 9264: 9254: 9253: 9252: 9247: 9242: 9232: 9226: 9224: 9220: 9219: 9217: 9216: 9214:Word filtering 9211: 9206: 9205: 9204: 9199: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9154: 9149: 9144: 9139: 9134: 9129: 9124: 9122:Heckler's veto 9119: 9114: 9109: 9104: 9099: 9098: 9097: 9087: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9042: 9036: 9034: 9030: 9029: 9027: 9026: 9025: 9024: 9014: 9009: 9008: 9007: 8997: 8992: 8987: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8966: 8965: 8955: 8954: 8953: 8943: 8942: 8941: 8930: 8928: 8924: 8923: 8916: 8915: 8908: 8901: 8893: 8884: 8883: 8881: 8880: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8855: 8849: 8847: 8843: 8842: 8840: 8839: 8834: 8829: 8824: 8819: 8814: 8809: 8804: 8799: 8793: 8791: 8787: 8786: 8784: 8783: 8776: 8771: 8766: 8761: 8755: 8753: 8749: 8748: 8746: 8745: 8740: 8735: 8730: 8725: 8720: 8715: 8710: 8705: 8700: 8695: 8693:Cancel culture 8690: 8685: 8679: 8677: 8675:Counterculture 8671: 8670: 8668: 8667: 8662: 8657: 8652: 8647: 8642: 8640:Edward Bernays 8637: 8632: 8626: 8624: 8620: 8619: 8616: 8615: 8613: 8612: 8607: 8602: 8597: 8595:Catch and kill 8591: 8589: 8585: 8584: 8582: 8581: 8576: 8574:Sensationalism 8571: 8566: 8561: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8535: 8533: 8529: 8528: 8526: 8525: 8520: 8515: 8510: 8509: 8508: 8498: 8492: 8490: 8483: 8479: 8478: 8476: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8463:Bipartisanship 8460: 8458:American Dream 8455: 8449: 8447: 8443: 8442: 8440: 8439: 8434: 8429: 8428: 8427: 8422: 8412: 8407: 8401: 8399: 8395: 8394: 8392: 8391: 8386: 8381: 8376: 8371: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8346: 8341: 8336: 8331: 8325: 8323: 8319: 8318: 8311: 8310: 8303: 8296: 8288: 8279: 8278: 8276: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8245: 8239: 8237: 8226: 8225: 8223: 8222: 8217: 8215:Right to water 8212: 8207: 8202: 8197: 8192: 8190:Right of reply 8187: 8182: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8162: 8157: 8152: 8147: 8142: 8137: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8117: 8115:Digital rights 8111: 8109: 8102: 8099: 8098: 8096: 8095: 8090: 8089: 8088: 8078: 8073: 8071:Right to truth 8068: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8013: 8008: 8003: 7998: 7993: 7988: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7948: 7943: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7912: 7910: 7904: 7903: 7900: 7897: 7896: 7888: 7887: 7880: 7873: 7865: 7856: 7855: 7853: 7852: 7847: 7845:Libertarianism 7842: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7822: 7817: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7796: 7794: 7790: 7789: 7787: 7786: 7781: 7776: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7756: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7716: 7711: 7706: 7701: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7620: 7618: 7614: 7613: 7611: 7610: 7605: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7574: 7572: 7568: 7567: 7565: 7564: 7559: 7557:Social liberty 7554: 7552:Self-ownership 7549: 7544: 7539: 7534: 7533: 7532: 7522: 7517: 7511: 7509: 7505: 7504: 7497: 7496: 7489: 7482: 7474: 7468: 7467: 7461: 7455: 7449: 7443: 7437: 7424: 7423:External links 7421: 7420: 7419: 7409: 7406: 7373: 7362: 7356: 7341: 7336:978-0816650316 7335: 7313: 7299: 7281:Lewis, Anthony 7277: 7255: 7239:Cato Institute 7225:Hamowy, Ronald 7217: 7211: 7189: 7183: 7165: 7159: 7146: 7140: 7119: 7116: 7113: 7112: 7094: 7080: 7061: 7043: 7011: 6981: 6947: 6916: 6902:Minnis, Glenn 6895: 6865: 6834: 6803: 6768: 6731: 6717: 6710: 6690: 6673: 6666: 6639: 6610:(4): 392–408. 6590: 6571: 6551: 6522:(4): 565–596. 6502: 6483: 6463: 6456: 6430: 6423: 6397: 6382: 6351: 6333: 6326: 6299: 6268: 6234: 6204: 6174: 6144: 6125: 6096: 6077: 6057: 6027: 6008: 5983: 5976: 5949: 5919: 5887: 5845: 5828:The New Yorker 5814: 5780: 5754: 5736: 5706: 5673: 5649: 5631: 5625:978-0262541961 5624: 5602: 5595: 5577: 5552: 5515: 5496: 5476: 5457: 5437: 5431:978-1859417560 5430: 5409: 5402: 5379: 5348: 5317: 5298: 5278: 5248: 5246:, p. 124. 5236: 5224: 5212: 5198: 5178: 5153: 5119: 5085: 5065:Deutsche Welle 5051: 5021: 4992: 4983: 4951: 4920: 4881: 4844: 4817:"Introductory" 4807: 4770: 4747: 4729:978-1551113760 4728: 4708: 4677: 4653: 4635:978-1551113760 4634: 4614: 4596:978-1551113760 4595: 4575: 4557:978-1551113760 4556: 4536: 4521: 4502: 4482: 4463: 4443: 4434: 4415: 4390: 4372: 4347:United Nations 4338: 4307: 4277: 4258:Luoma, Jukka. 4250: 4224: 4194: 4157: 4139: 4114: 4091: 4065: 4042: 4035: 4005: 3969: 3944: 3919: 3885: 3874:on 5 July 2008 3855: 3838:United Nations 3824: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3798: 3796:Social capital 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3748: 3743: 3738: 3737: 3736: 3731: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3702: 3697: 3695:Illegal number 3692: 3687: 3682: 3680:Heckler's veto 3677: 3672: 3667: 3662: 3657: 3652: 3646: 3641: 3636: 3634:Digital rights 3631: 3626: 3621: 3619:Cancel culture 3616: 3611: 3610: 3609: 3604: 3594: 3589: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3562:Vladimir Putin 3528: 3525: 3478:'s 1934 novel 3421:D. H. Lawrence 3319:Denmark-Norway 3294:Baruch Spinoza 3243:(1608–74) and 3222:city of London 3080:First page of 3042:Giordano Bruno 3038:René Descartes 2940:printing press 2932:printing press 2926:(Venice, 1564) 2916:Title page of 2908: 2907: 2868:of the subject 2866:worldwide view 2861: 2859: 2852: 2840: 2837: 2811:Disinformation 2806: 2803: 2698: 2695: 2659:Main article: 2656: 2653: 2610:" in stating: 2511: 2508: 2504:silent protest 2480:Main article: 2477: 2474: 2343:harm principle 2334: 2331: 2315:fighting words 2274: 2271: 2192: 2189: 2177:negative right 2172: 2169: 2165:property right 2127: 2124: 2116: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2041:Swedish Church 1943: 1940: 1905:, proposed by 1903:harm principle 1851:fighting words 1786:United Nations 1749: 1748: 1746: 1745: 1738: 1731: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1718: 1717: 1705: 1690: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1683:Utilitarianism 1680: 1675: 1670: 1669: 1668: 1663: 1656:Libertarianism 1653: 1651:Land value tax 1648: 1647: 1646: 1636: 1631: 1626: 1624:Egalitarianism 1621: 1616: 1615: 1614: 1604: 1603: 1602: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1580:Anti-communism 1577: 1571: 1569:Related topics 1568: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1543: 1542: 1537: 1536: 1535: 1525: 1523:Arizona School 1515: 1514: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1491:United Kingdom 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1402: 1401: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1263: 1262: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1197: 1192: 1187: 1182: 1181: 1180: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1109: 1104: 1103: 1100: 1099: 1094: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1027: 1026: 1025: 1022: 1021: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1003: 998: 993: 988: 983: 978: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 913: 908: 903: 898: 893: 888: 883: 878: 873: 868: 863: 858: 853: 848: 843: 838: 833: 828: 823: 818: 813: 807: 804: 803: 800: 799: 796: 795: 790: 785: 780: 775: 770: 765: 760: 755: 750: 745: 740: 735: 730: 725: 720: 715: 710: 705: 700: 695: 690: 685: 680: 675: 670: 665: 660: 655: 650: 645: 640: 635: 630: 625: 620: 618:Wollstonecraft 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 555: 550: 545: 540: 535: 529: 524: 523: 520: 519: 516: 515: 509: 503: 498: 497: 494: 493: 490: 489: 484: 483: 482: 477: 470:Social justice 467: 462: 457: 452: 447: 442: 437: 436: 435: 430: 425: 420: 410: 409: 408: 403: 393: 388: 383: 378: 373: 371:Market economy 368: 363: 362: 361: 356: 346: 339: 334: 332:Invisible hand 329: 324: 322:Harm principle 319: 318: 317: 312: 307: 302: 301: 300: 295: 280: 275: 274: 273: 268: 258: 253: 248: 243: 238: 232: 229: 228: 225: 224: 221: 220: 215: 210: 205: 200: 199: 198: 193: 188: 187: 186: 171: 166: 161: 156: 151: 146: 141: 136: 135: 134: 124: 119: 114: 109: 103: 100: 99: 96: 95: 87: 86: 80: 79: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12272: 12261: 12260:Four Freedoms 12258: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12238: 12236: 12233: 12231: 12228: 12226: 12223: 12222: 12220: 12210: 12205: 12200: 12198: 12193: 12188: 12186: 12176: 12174: 12169: 12164: 12162: 12152: 12150: 12145: 12140: 12138: 12128: 12127: 12124: 12111: 12108: 12106: 12103: 12101: 12098: 12096: 12093: 12091: 12088: 12086: 12083: 12081: 12078: 12076: 12073: 12071: 12068: 12066: 12063: 12061: 12058: 12056: 12055:PROSUR/PROSUL 12053: 12051: 12048: 12046: 12043: 12041: 12038: 12036: 12033: 12031: 12028: 12026: 12023: 12021: 12018: 12016: 12013: 12011: 12008: 12006: 12003: 12001: 11998: 11996: 11993: 11991: 11988: 11986: 11983: 11981: 11978: 11976: 11973: 11971: 11968: 11966: 11963: 11961: 11958: 11956: 11953: 11951: 11950:Craiova Group 11948: 11946: 11943: 11941: 11938: 11936: 11933: 11931: 11928: 11926: 11923: 11921: 11918: 11916: 11913: 11911: 11908: 11906: 11903: 11901: 11898: 11896: 11893: 11891: 11888: 11886: 11883: 11881: 11878: 11876: 11873: 11871: 11868: 11866: 11865:ABCANZ Armies 11863: 11862: 11860: 11854: 11848: 11845: 11843: 11840: 11836: 11833: 11831: 11828: 11826: 11823: 11821: 11818: 11816: 11813: 11811: 11808: 11807: 11806: 11803: 11801: 11798: 11794: 11791: 11790: 11789: 11786: 11784: 11781: 11780: 11778: 11776: 11772: 11766: 11763: 11761: 11758: 11754: 11751: 11749: 11746: 11744: 11741: 11739: 11736: 11732: 11729: 11727: 11724: 11722: 11719: 11717: 11714: 11713: 11712: 11709: 11707: 11704: 11702: 11699: 11697: 11694: 11693: 11692: 11689: 11683: 11680: 11679: 11678: 11675: 11671: 11670:Protestantism 11668: 11664: 11661: 11660: 11659: 11656: 11652: 11649: 11648: 11647: 11644: 11640: 11636: 11633: 11632: 11631: 11628: 11627: 11626: 11623: 11622: 11621: 11618: 11617: 11615: 11613: 11609: 11601: 11598: 11597: 11596: 11593: 11591: 11590:Sovereigntism 11588: 11586: 11583: 11579: 11578: 11574: 11573: 11572: 11569: 11565: 11562: 11561: 11560: 11557: 11555: 11552: 11550: 11547: 11545: 11542: 11540: 11537: 11535: 11532: 11530: 11527: 11523: 11520: 11518: 11515: 11514: 11513: 11510: 11506: 11503: 11502: 11501: 11498: 11496: 11493: 11491: 11488: 11486: 11485:Scholasticism 11483: 11481: 11478: 11476: 11473: 11471: 11468: 11466: 11463: 11461: 11458: 11456: 11453: 11452: 11450: 11448: 11444: 11436: 11433: 11431: 11428: 11426: 11423: 11421: 11418: 11417: 11416: 11413: 11409: 11406: 11405: 11404: 11401: 11397: 11394: 11392: 11389: 11388: 11387: 11384: 11380: 11377: 11376: 11375: 11372: 11370: 11367: 11363: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11349: 11348: 11345: 11341: 11338: 11337: 11336: 11333: 11329: 11326: 11325: 11324: 11321: 11317: 11314: 11312: 11309: 11308: 11307: 11304: 11302: 11299: 11297: 11294: 11292: 11289: 11285: 11282: 11281: 11280: 11277: 11275: 11272: 11268: 11265: 11264: 11263: 11260: 11256: 11253: 11252: 11251: 11248: 11244: 11241: 11240: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11227: 11224: 11223: 11222: 11219: 11217: 11214: 11210: 11207: 11205: 11202: 11200: 11197: 11196: 11195: 11192: 11191: 11189: 11187: 11183: 11175: 11174:War on terror 11172: 11170: 11167: 11166: 11165: 11162: 11158: 11155: 11153: 11150: 11148: 11145: 11143: 11140: 11138: 11135: 11133: 11130: 11128: 11125: 11123: 11120: 11118: 11115: 11113: 11110: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11080: 11078: 11075: 11073: 11070: 11069: 11068: 11067:Modern period 11065: 11063: 11060: 11056: 11053: 11051: 11048: 11046: 11043: 11042: 11041: 11038: 11034: 11031: 11030: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11021: 11020: 11018: 11016: 11012: 11006: 11003: 11001: 10998: 10996: 10993: 10991: 10988: 10982: 10979: 10977: 10974: 10973: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10962: 10959: 10957: 10954: 10953: 10952: 10949: 10947: 10944: 10942: 10939: 10938: 10936: 10932: 10928: 10924: 10923:Western world 10917: 10912: 10910: 10905: 10903: 10898: 10897: 10894: 10881: 10880: 10876: 10874: 10871: 10869: 10866: 10863: 10862: 10858: 10855: 10854: 10850: 10847: 10846: 10842: 10840: 10837: 10835: 10832: 10829: 10828: 10824: 10821: 10820: 10816: 10814: 10811: 10809: 10806: 10804: 10801: 10799: 10796: 10795: 10793: 10789: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10756: 10755:San Francisco 10753: 10751: 10750:New York City 10748: 10746: 10743: 10741: 10738: 10736: 10733: 10732: 10731: 10728: 10726: 10725:Gay bathhouse 10723: 10721: 10718: 10716: 10713: 10711: 10708: 10706: 10703: 10701: 10698: 10697: 10695: 10691: 10685: 10682: 10680: 10677: 10675: 10672: 10670: 10667: 10665: 10662: 10660: 10657: 10655: 10654:Wilhelm Reich 10652: 10650: 10647: 10645: 10642: 10640: 10637: 10635: 10632: 10630: 10627: 10625: 10622: 10620: 10619:Alfred Kinsey 10617: 10615: 10612: 10610: 10607: 10605: 10602: 10600: 10597: 10595: 10592: 10590: 10587: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10577: 10575: 10572: 10570: 10567: 10565: 10564:Sigmund Freud 10562: 10560: 10557: 10555: 10552: 10550: 10547: 10545: 10542: 10540: 10537: 10535: 10532: 10531: 10529: 10525: 10519: 10516: 10514: 10511: 10509: 10506: 10504: 10503: 10499: 10497: 10494: 10492: 10489: 10487: 10486:AIDS epidemic 10484: 10483: 10481: 10477: 10470: 10466: 10463: 10459: 10458: 10456: 10452: 10445: 10442: 10440: 10437: 10435: 10432: 10430: 10427: 10424: 10420: 10418: 10417: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10405: 10401: 10399: 10396: 10394: 10391: 10389: 10386: 10384: 10381: 10379: 10378: 10374: 10372: 10371: 10367: 10365: 10364: 10360: 10358: 10357: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10347: 10345: 10341: 10335: 10334: 10330: 10328: 10325: 10323: 10320: 10318: 10315: 10313: 10312:Birth control 10310: 10309: 10307: 10303: 10299: 10292: 10287: 10285: 10280: 10278: 10273: 10272: 10269: 10257: 10254: 10252: 10249: 10247: 10244: 10242: 10239: 10238: 10236: 10232: 10226: 10223: 10221: 10218: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10095: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10073: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10031: 10028: 10026: 10023: 10021: 10018: 10016: 10013: 10012: 10010: 10006: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9985: 9982: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9895: 9892: 9890: 9887: 9885: 9882: 9880: 9877: 9875: 9872: 9870: 9867: 9865: 9862: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9840: 9837: 9835: 9832: 9830: 9827: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9801: 9799: 9795: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9777: 9774: 9773: 9772: 9771:United States 9769: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9754: 9752: 9749: 9747: 9744: 9742: 9739: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9634: 9633: 9631: 9627: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9576: 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9558: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9539: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9504: 9501: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9489: 9488:Guinea-Bissau 9486: 9484: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9469: 9466: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9454: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9444: 9441: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9405: 9403: 9399: 9395: 9388: 9383: 9381: 9376: 9374: 9369: 9368: 9365: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9345: 9343: 9340: 9336: 9333: 9332: 9331: 9328: 9327: 9325: 9321: 9315: 9314:Systemic bias 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9285: 9282: 9280: 9277: 9275: 9272: 9270: 9267: 9263: 9260: 9259: 9258: 9255: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9238: 9237: 9236: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9227: 9225: 9221: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9203: 9200: 9198: 9195: 9194: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9153: 9150: 9148: 9145: 9143: 9140: 9138: 9135: 9133: 9130: 9128: 9125: 9123: 9120: 9118: 9115: 9113: 9110: 9108: 9105: 9103: 9100: 9096: 9093: 9092: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9037: 9035: 9031: 9023: 9020: 9019: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9006: 9003: 9002: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8995:Student media 8993: 8991: 8988: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8964: 8963:circumvention 8961: 8960: 8959: 8956: 8952: 8949: 8948: 8947: 8944: 8940: 8937: 8936: 8935: 8932: 8931: 8929: 8925: 8921: 8914: 8909: 8907: 8902: 8900: 8895: 8894: 8891: 8879: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8850: 8848: 8844: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8794: 8792: 8788: 8782: 8781: 8777: 8775: 8772: 8770: 8769:Mediatization 8767: 8765: 8764:Media studies 8762: 8760: 8757: 8756: 8754: 8750: 8744: 8743:Strike action 8741: 8739: 8736: 8734: 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8719: 8716: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8708:Demonstration 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8680: 8678: 8676: 8672: 8666: 8663: 8661: 8658: 8656: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8646: 8643: 8641: 8638: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8627: 8625: 8621: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8596: 8593: 8592: 8590: 8586: 8580: 8577: 8575: 8572: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8536: 8534: 8530: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8507: 8504: 8503: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8493: 8491: 8487: 8484: 8480: 8474: 8473:Pensée unique 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8450: 8448: 8444: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8417: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8408: 8406: 8403: 8402: 8400: 8396: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8380: 8377: 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8339:Digital media 8337: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8326: 8324: 8320: 8316: 8315:Media culture 8309: 8304: 8302: 8297: 8295: 8290: 8289: 8286: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8240: 8238: 8236: 8231: 8227: 8221: 8220:Right to work 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8155:Right to food 8153: 8151: 8148: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8121: 8118: 8116: 8113: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8100: 8094: 8091: 8087: 8084: 8083: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8036:Right to life 8034: 8032: 8029: 8027: 8024: 8022: 8019: 8017: 8014: 8012: 8009: 8007: 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7913: 7911: 7909: 7905: 7898: 7894: 7886: 7881: 7879: 7874: 7872: 7867: 7866: 7863: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7843: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7797: 7795: 7791: 7785: 7782: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7715: 7712: 7710: 7707: 7705: 7704:Morphological 7702: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7621: 7619: 7615: 7609: 7606: 7604: 7603:Morphological 7601: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7575: 7573: 7569: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7531: 7528: 7527: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7512: 7510: 7506: 7502: 7495: 7490: 7488: 7483: 7481: 7476: 7475: 7472: 7465: 7462: 7459: 7456: 7453: 7450: 7447: 7444: 7441: 7440:Article19.org 7438: 7436: 7435: 7430: 7427: 7426: 7417: 7413: 7412:Jean Bricmont 7410: 7407: 7403: 7399: 7395: 7391: 7387: 7383: 7379: 7374: 7370: 7369: 7363: 7359: 7353: 7349: 7348: 7342: 7338: 7332: 7328: 7324: 7323: 7318: 7314: 7310: 7306: 7302: 7300:9780465039173 7296: 7292: 7288: 7287: 7282: 7278: 7274: 7270: 7266: 7262: 7258: 7252: 7248: 7244: 7240: 7236: 7232: 7231: 7226: 7222: 7218: 7214: 7208: 7204: 7200: 7199: 7194: 7190: 7186: 7180: 7177:. MIT Press. 7176: 7175: 7170: 7166: 7162: 7160:9782802746232 7156: 7152: 7147: 7143: 7137: 7133: 7129: 7128: 7122: 7121: 7108: 7104: 7098: 7090: 7084: 7076: 7075:CSMonitor.com 7072: 7065: 7057: 7053: 7047: 7031: 7027: 7026: 7021: 7015: 6999: 6995: 6991: 6985: 6978: 6965: 6961: 6957: 6951: 6935: 6931: 6927: 6920: 6913: 6909: 6905: 6899: 6883: 6879: 6875: 6869: 6853: 6849: 6843: 6841: 6839: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6807: 6800: 6787: 6783: 6779: 6772: 6765: 6752: 6748: 6747:The Telegraph 6743: 6735: 6727: 6721: 6713: 6707: 6703: 6702: 6694: 6686: 6685: 6677: 6669: 6667:0-19-505541-1 6663: 6659: 6655: 6654: 6646: 6644: 6635: 6631: 6627: 6623: 6618: 6613: 6609: 6605: 6601: 6594: 6578: 6574: 6568: 6564: 6563: 6555: 6547: 6543: 6539: 6535: 6530: 6525: 6521: 6517: 6513: 6506: 6490: 6486: 6480: 6476: 6475: 6467: 6459: 6457:9780816613922 6453: 6449: 6444: 6443: 6434: 6426: 6424:9780691142005 6420: 6416: 6411: 6410: 6401: 6393: 6386: 6370: 6366: 6362: 6355: 6347: 6340: 6338: 6329: 6323: 6319: 6315: 6314: 6306: 6304: 6296: 6283: 6279: 6272: 6265: 6253: 6249: 6248:The Telegraph 6245: 6238: 6222: 6218: 6214: 6208: 6192: 6188: 6184: 6178: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6148: 6132: 6128: 6122: 6118: 6117: 6109: 6107: 6105: 6103: 6101: 6084: 6080: 6074: 6070: 6069: 6061: 6045: 6041: 6037: 6031: 6015: 6011: 6005: 6001: 6000: 5992: 5990: 5988: 5979: 5973: 5969: 5965: 5964: 5956: 5954: 5937: 5933: 5929: 5923: 5904: 5897: 5891: 5883: 5877: 5862: 5861: 5856: 5849: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5818: 5802: 5798: 5794: 5787: 5785: 5769: 5765: 5758: 5750: 5746: 5740: 5724: 5720: 5716: 5710: 5694: 5690: 5689: 5684: 5677: 5666: 5659: 5653: 5645: 5641: 5640:"Our Mission" 5635: 5627: 5621: 5618:. MIT Press. 5616: 5615: 5606: 5598: 5592: 5588: 5581: 5573: 5569: 5568: 5563: 5556: 5537: 5533: 5526: 5519: 5503: 5499: 5497:9789041124357 5493: 5489: 5488: 5480: 5464: 5460: 5454: 5450: 5449: 5441: 5433: 5427: 5423: 5416: 5414: 5405: 5403:0-262-57168-4 5399: 5395: 5394: 5389: 5383: 5367: 5363: 5359: 5352: 5336: 5332: 5328: 5321: 5305: 5301: 5295: 5291: 5290: 5282: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5252: 5245: 5240: 5233: 5228: 5221: 5216: 5201: 5195: 5191: 5190: 5182: 5175: 5172: 5168: 5164: 5163: 5157: 5150: 5138: 5134: 5130: 5123: 5116: 5104: 5100: 5096: 5089: 5082: 5070: 5066: 5062: 5055: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5025: 5009: 5005: 5004: 4996: 4987: 4971: 4967: 4966: 4958: 4956: 4948: 4943: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4924: 4917: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4885: 4878: 4865: 4861: 4860: 4855: 4848: 4841: 4828: 4824: 4823: 4818: 4811: 4795: 4791: 4787: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4775: 4767: 4763: 4759: 4756: 4751: 4735: 4731: 4725: 4721: 4720: 4712: 4696: 4692: 4688: 4681: 4670: 4663: 4657: 4641: 4637: 4631: 4627: 4626: 4618: 4602: 4598: 4592: 4588: 4587: 4579: 4563: 4559: 4553: 4549: 4548: 4540: 4532: 4525: 4509: 4505: 4499: 4495: 4494: 4486: 4470: 4466: 4460: 4456: 4455: 4447: 4438: 4422: 4418: 4412: 4408: 4407: 4399: 4397: 4395: 4385: 4383: 4381: 4379: 4377: 4360: 4356: 4352: 4348: 4342: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4311: 4295: 4291: 4287: 4281: 4265: 4261: 4254: 4238: 4234: 4228: 4212: 4208: 4204: 4198: 4190: 4184: 4168: 4161: 4153: 4149: 4143: 4127: 4121: 4119: 4110: 4106: 4102: 4095: 4079: 4075: 4069: 4062: 4059: 4055: 4052: 4046: 4038: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4019: 4018: 4009: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3978: 3976: 3974: 3958: 3954: 3948: 3933: 3929: 3923: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3892: 3890: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3859: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3829: 3825: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3803: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3744: 3742: 3739: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3726: 3725: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3651: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3612: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3599: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3584: 3577: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3558: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3539: 3534: 3524: 3520: 3518: 3514: 3513:George Pataki 3511: 3507: 3503: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3487: 3483: 3482: 3477: 3473: 3472: 3467: 3461: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3450: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3436: 3435:The Telegraph 3431: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3417: 3408: 3407: 3401: 3397: 3394: 3390: 3385: 3383: 3379: 3374: 3373:Lee Bollinger 3370: 3366: 3362: 3357: 3353: 3348: 3345: 3340: 3336: 3335: 3330: 3326: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3307:Denis Diderot 3304: 3299: 3295: 3287: 3286: 3281: 3280:George Orwell 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3237: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3218: 3214: 3210: 3209:British Crown 3206: 3205:Etienne Dolet 3202: 3197: 3195: 3194: 3189: 3188: 3183: 3179: 3174: 3173:enlightenment 3170: 3166: 3158: 3157: 3152: 3151: 3150:Golden Legend 3146: 3141: 3136: 3132: 3130: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3109: 3104: 3100: 3093: 3089: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3074: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3013: 3008: 3004: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2987:Martin Luther 2984: 2980: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2959: 2957: 2956:copyright law 2953: 2952:print culture 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2925: 2921: 2920: 2914: 2904: 2901: 2893: 2890:February 2022 2883: 2879: 2875: 2869: 2867: 2860: 2851: 2850: 2846: 2835: 2831: 2828: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2812: 2802: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2782: 2777: 2773: 2772:DNS poisoning 2769: 2766: 2762: 2761:proxy servers 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2741: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2714: 2708: 2704: 2694: 2690: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2662: 2652: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2633:personal data 2630: 2626: 2625:public domain 2620: 2618: 2611: 2609: 2605: 2599: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2584:village green 2581: 2575: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2564: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2534: 2525: 2521: 2516: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2483: 2473: 2471: 2467: 2466: 2460: 2454: 2452: 2445: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2434: 2429: 2428: 2422: 2420: 2416: 2411: 2409: 2405: 2400: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2380: 2377: 2372: 2368: 2365: 2364:Joel Feinberg 2360: 2357: 2353: 2352: 2346: 2344: 2340: 2330: 2327: 2322: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2290: 2284: 2280: 2270: 2266: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2235: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2215: 2211: 2202: 2197: 2188: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2168: 2166: 2162: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2144: 2142: 2137: 2133: 2123: 2121: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2106: 2105: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2077: 2072: 2070: 2064: 2059: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2044: 2042: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2023: 2020: 2014: 2012: 2008: 2007:Ostrobothnian 2004: 2000: 1996: 1991: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1955: 1953: 1949: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1916: 1914: 1913: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1871:food labeling 1868: 1867:trade secrets 1864: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1823: 1821: 1817: 1812: 1806: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1744: 1739: 1737: 1732: 1730: 1725: 1724: 1722: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1693: 1692: 1691: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1658: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1645: 1642: 1641: 1640: 1639:Individualism 1637: 1635: 1632: 1630: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1608: 1605: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1572: 1566: 1565: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1541: 1538: 1534: 1531: 1530: 1529: 1526: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1519: 1518:United States 1516: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1493: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1303: 1300: 1299: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1261: 1258: 1257: 1256: 1253: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1179: 1176: 1175: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1118:Latin America 1116: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1107: 1102: 1101: 1092: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1052: 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G. Wells 3303:philosophes 3285:Animal Farm 3241:John Milton 3169:Reformation 3113:John Milton 3082:John Milton 2991:Jean Calvin 2687:Web content 2679:human right 2459:Brandenburg 2438:Brandenburg 2307:pornography 2273:Limitations 2181:natural law 2102:John Milton 2100:. 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London. 3912:12 October 3820:References 3648:Forced or 3574:censorship 3344:On Liberty 3334:On Liberty 3249:individual 3245:John Locke 3165:Protestant 3121:publishers 3054:John Locke 3050:David Hume 2971:censorship 2738:Uzbekistan 2683:censorship 2538:censorship 2351:On Liberty 2263:free media 2255:government 2247:governance 2243:World Bank 2232:revolution 2185:common law 2076:frontiers. 1987:defamation 1912:On Liberty 1847:incitement 1762:censorship 1629:Empiricism 1600:Democratic 1595:Capitalism 1506:Manchester 1339:Montenegro 1324:Luxembourg 1260:Venizelism 1190:Costa Rica 445:Secularism 278:Federalism 230:Principles 122:Democratic 84:Liberalism 63:Orator at 12005:Five Eyes 12000:EU–UK TCA 11842:Democracy 11731:Old Norse 11620:Abrahamic 11577:Peritrope 11559:Tolerance 11539:Socialism 11369:Mythology 11357:Classical 11306:Languages 11284:Astrology 11132:Modernism 10946:Old World 10322:Free love 10241:Australia 10140:Lithuania 9954:Sri Lanka 9944:Singapore 9849:Indonesia 9839:Hong 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