31:
267:
about the university's links to slavery notes, "During our research, for example, it was shockingly difficult to find information on Frank
Armstrong Crawford’s stance on the Civil War on the Vanderbilt website or in Vanderbilt archives, yet other sources plainly cited her dedication to the
224:
Crawford was briefly married to John
Elliott, but quickly divorced. In 1869, she married Cornelius Vanderbilt after the death of his first wife, Sophia Johnson (a mutual cousin). He died in 1877, and was her mother's cousin. She signed a
162:, to Robert Leighton Crawford and Martha Eliza Everett. Her parents named her after their best friend, Frank Armstrong, before she was born, not knowing she would be female. Growing up in Mobile, she attended
560:
366:
555:
525:
229:, agreeing to receive $ 500,000 in bonds after his death, a great sum at the time but a fraction of Vanderbilt's fortune. Confederate General
263:
Crawford Hall, one of the ten houses on the Martha Rivers Ingram
Commons at Vanderbilt University, was named in her honor. An article in the
323:
565:
89:
417:
535:
540:
363:
530:
461:
163:
446:
390:
550:
260:
in 1906, was donated by her brother Robert
Leighton Crawford Jr. to Vanderbilt University; it is in Kirkland Hall.
291:
143:
520:
545:
205:. Cornelius saw this gift as a sign of reconciliation to the South, after he had helped defeat the
194:
253:
in the Church of the
Strangers, a church for Southerners in New York that she attended regularly.
206:
327:
450:
257:
210:
198:
36:
515:
510:
226:
202:
190:
147:
110:
138:(January 18, 1839 – May 4, 1885) was an American socialite and philanthropist. During the
8:
438:
414:
178:
170:
139:
30:
77:
421:
370:
159:
54:
173:
of 1861–1865, she was "an unrepentant
Confederate." After the war, she moved to
465:
504:
250:
246:
230:
174:
73:
443:
A Southern Woman of
Letters: The Correspondence of Augusta Jane Evans Wilson
234:
146:. After the war, she lived in New York City and married multi-millionaire
285:
283:
281:
216:
during the Civil War. However, he never visited the university.
278:
324:"Tennessee Portraits: Frank Armstrong Crawford Vanderbilt"
158:
Frank
Armstrong Crawford was born on January 18, 1839, in
561:
Burials at the
Vanderbilt Family Cemetery and Mausoleum
197:, the husband of her cousin, Amelia Townsend, to found
462:"Tennessee Portrait Project: Amelia Townsend McTyeire"
415:
Commodore's 'strange gift' became educational legacy
16:American socialite and philanthropist (1839–1885)
502:
290:Bub, Sydney; Mediratta, Avi (October 5, 2016).
385:
383:
233:and his brother, Confederate Attorney General
289:
380:
318:
316:
314:
312:
29:
434:
432:
430:
409:
407:
405:
403:
358:
356:
354:
352:
350:
348:
346:
344:
309:
189:In 1873 Crawford persuaded her husband,
181:described her as a "zealous Methodist."
126: 1869; died 1877)
503:
427:
400:
556:19th-century American philanthropists
526:Philanthropists from New York (state)
341:
292:"The Legacy of Slavery At Vanderbilt"
136:Frances Armstrong Crawford-Vanderbilt
142:, she was a strong supporter of the
240:
164:St. Francis Street Methodist Church
23:Frank Armstrong Crawford-Vanderbilt
13:
447:University of South Carolina Press
14:
577:
566:Methodists from New York (state)
494:Stiles, The First Tycoon, p. 549
485:Stiles, The First Tycoon, p. 476
219:
193:, to give $ 1 million to Bishop
249:. Her funeral was conducted by
184:
123:
488:
479:
454:
1:
536:Socialites from New York City
271:
237:, both attended the wedding.
153:
144:Confederate States of America
541:Vanderbilt University people
245:She died on May 4, 1885, in
7:
531:People from Mobile, Alabama
296:Vanderbilt Political Review
265:Vanderbilt Political Review
90:Vanderbilt Family Mausoleum
10:
582:
48:Frances Armstrong Crawford
364:The Commodore’s Civil War
256:Her portrait, painted by
104:
96:
85:
62:
43:
28:
21:
195:Holland Nimmons McTyeire
551:Methodists from Alabama
207:Confederate States Army
258:William J. Whittemore
227:pre-nuptial agreement
199:Vanderbilt University
37:William J. Whittemore
268:Confederate cause."
203:Nashville, Tennessee
191:Cornelius Vanderbilt
148:Cornelius Vanderbilt
111:Cornelius Vanderbilt
521:American socialites
395:Vanderbilt Magazine
391:Women to the Rescue
375:Vanderbilt Magazine
439:Augusta Jane Evans
420:2013-10-23 at the
369:2015-09-25 at the
179:Augusta Jane Evans
171:American Civil War
140:American Civil War
546:Vanderbilt family
177:with her mother.
133:
132:
573:
495:
492:
486:
483:
477:
476:
474:
473:
464:. Archived from
458:
452:
436:
425:
411:
398:
387:
378:
360:
339:
338:
336:
335:
326:. Archived from
320:
307:
306:
304:
302:
287:
241:Death and legacy
127:
125:
92:, New York, U.S.
69:
51:January 18, 1839
33:
19:
18:
581:
580:
576:
575:
574:
572:
571:
570:
501:
500:
499:
498:
493:
489:
484:
480:
471:
469:
460:
459:
455:
449:, 2002, p. 153
437:
428:
422:Wayback Machine
412:
401:
389:Lyle Lankford,
388:
381:
371:Wayback Machine
361:
342:
333:
331:
322:
321:
310:
300:
298:
288:
279:
274:
243:
222:
187:
160:Mobile, Alabama
156:
129:
121:
117:
114:
113:
81:
71:
67:
58:
55:Mobile, Alabama
52:
50:
49:
39:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
579:
569:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
497:
496:
487:
478:
453:
426:
413:Kara Furlong,
399:
379:
340:
308:
276:
275:
273:
270:
242:
239:
221:
218:
186:
183:
155:
152:
131:
130:
119:
115:
109:
108:
106:
102:
101:
100:Philanthropist
98:
94:
93:
87:
83:
82:
72:
70:(aged 46)
64:
60:
59:
53:
47:
45:
41:
40:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
578:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
508:
506:
491:
482:
468:on 2016-03-04
467:
463:
457:
451:
448:
444:
440:
435:
433:
431:
423:
419:
416:
410:
408:
406:
404:
397:, Summer 2009
396:
392:
386:
384:
377:, Spring 2011
376:
372:
368:
365:
362:T.J. Stiles,
359:
357:
355:
353:
351:
349:
347:
345:
330:on 2016-03-04
329:
325:
319:
317:
315:
313:
297:
293:
286:
284:
282:
277:
269:
266:
261:
259:
254:
252:
251:Charles Deems
248:
247:Staten Island
238:
236:
232:
231:Braxton Bragg
228:
220:Personal life
217:
215:
214:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
182:
180:
176:
175:New York City
172:
167:
165:
161:
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
112:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
88:
84:
79:
75:
74:Staten Island
65:
61:
56:
46:
42:
38:
32:
27:
20:
490:
481:
470:. Retrieved
466:the original
456:
442:
394:
374:
332:. Retrieved
328:the original
299:. Retrieved
295:
264:
262:
255:
244:
235:Thomas Bragg
223:
212:
188:
185:Philanthropy
168:
157:
135:
134:
86:Burial place
68:(1885-05-04)
35:Portrait by
516:1885 deaths
511:1839 births
169:During the
66:May 4, 1885
505:Categories
472:2013-09-03
424:, 03/27/06
334:2013-09-03
301:August 31,
272:References
213:Vanderbilt
154:Early life
97:Occupation
209:with his
418:Archived
367:Archived
78:New York
128:
120:
116:
105:Spouse
80:, U.S.
57:, U.S.
122:(
118:
303:2017
211:USS
63:Died
44:Born
201:in
507::
445:,
441:,
429:^
402:^
393:,
382:^
373:,
343:^
311:^
294:.
280:^
166:.
150:.
124:m.
76:,
475:.
337:.
305:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
