25:
124:
66:
500:. He insisted that he was an authentic Holocaust survivor who had been secretly switched as a young boy with Bruno Grosjean upon his arrival in Switzerland. His supporters condemned Ganzfried, who nonetheless presented further evidence to support his theory. Wilkomirski could not verify his claims, but Ganzfried was also unable to prove his arguments conclusively.
585:
pseudomemoir, the merits of the work still remain. "Those merits reside in a ferocious vision, a powerful narrative, an accumulation of indelible images, and the unforgettable way in which a small child's voice is deployed in an unfeeling adult world, during the war and thereafter" (Zeitlin, 2003, p. 177, see also
Suleiman, 2006, p. 170).
560:(or "earning children") — in other words, that they had been part of the old Swiss institution of orphaned children working for families, with overtones of child slavery. Eskin's interest in Wilkomirski had its origins in genealogy: his family had ancestors in Riga and, initially, they believed that the author of
546:
episode 82, "Haunted". The writer Elena Lappin published an extensive report in May 1999. She had become acquainted with
Wilkomirski two years before, when the Jewish Quarterly awarded him its prize for nonfiction. At the time, she was editor of that English magazine. In the course of her research,
523:
It remained unclear to
Maechler whether Grosjean-Wilkomirski had done this deliberately or if the writer actually believed what he had written, but he was skeptical that the writer was a "cold, calculating crook", as Ganzfried assumed. (Maechler, 2001b, pp. 67–69) Amongst other things, Maechler
519:
Maechler described in detail in his report how
Grosjean-Wilkomirski had developed his fictional life story step-by-step and over decades. He discovered that Wilkomirski's alleged experiences in German-occupied Poland closely corresponded with real events in his childhood in Switzerland, to the point
588:
The
Wilkomirski case was heatedly debated in Germany and Switzerland as a textbook example of the contemporary treatment of the Holocaust and of the perils of using it for one's own causes. However, the affair transcends the specific context of the Holocaust (see e.g. Chambers, 2002; Gabriel, 2004;
421:
Wilkomirski was invited to participate in radio and television programs as a witness and expert, and was interviewed and videotaped by reputable archives. In his oral statements
Wilkomirski elaborated on many aspects which remained unclear or unexplained. For example, he provided the names of the
200:
539:
which had been withdrawn by the publisher after
Maechler's report. Subsequently, the historian published two essays with additional findings and analysis, while Ganzfried (2002) published his own controversial version of the case. Journalist Blake Eskin covered the affair. Prior to the exposure,
584:
no longer had any literary value. "Once the professed interrelationship between the first-person narrator, the death-camp story he narrates, and historical reality are proved palpably false, what was a masterpiece becomes kitsch" (Maechler, 2000, p. 281). But for a few scholars, even as a
360:
child. His first memory is of a man being crushed by uniformed men against the wall of a house; the narrator is seemingly too young for a more precise recollection, but the reader is led to infer that this is his father. Later on, the narrator and his brother hide out in a farmhouse in
292:
later wrote, "Once the professed interrelationship between the first-person narrator, the death-camp story he narrates, and historical reality are proved palpably false, what was a masterpiece becomes kitsch." The debates led to the creation of the term
617:
1020:
Kassner, David (2002). "Das
Wilkomirski-Syndrom. Eingebildete Erinnerungen, Oder: Von Der Sehnsucht, Opfer Sein Zu Wollen (Internationale Konferenz Des Moses Mendelssohn Zentrums Für Europäischjüdische Studien in Potsdam v. 23.-25.5.2001)".
459:. Ganzfried argued that Wilkomirski knew the concentration camps "only as a tourist", and that, far from being born in Latvia, he was actually born Bruno Grosjean, an illegitimate child of an unmarried mother named Yvonne Grosjean from
1010:. In considering the question "Is Wilkomirski simply a liar?" Schachter feels there is a possibility that some of his Wilkomirski's detailed recollections may have been a case of suggestion.
540:
Eskin wrote and told the story of
Wilkomirski's trip to the US to become reunited with people he claimed to be distant family, of which Eskin was a part. This story was aired in act two of
622:
520:
that he suggested the author rewrote and reframed his own experience in a complex manner, turning the occurrences of his real life into that of a child surviving the
Holocaust.
409:
38:
1092:
Yiannis Gabriel: "The Voice of Experience and the Voice of the Expert – Can they Speak to each Other?" In: Brian Hurwitz, Trisha Greenhalgh, Vieda Skultans (eds.):
284:
in August 1998. The subsequent disclosure of Wilkomirski's fabrications sparked heated debate in the German- and English-speaking world. Many critics argued that
404:. The book earned widespread critical admiration, most particularly in Switzerland and in the English-speaking countries, and won several awards, including the
554:
In addition, she reported that Wilkomirski's uncle, Max Grosjean, said that as children he and his sister Yvonne (Wilkomirski's biological mother) had been
535:
Maechler's first report was published in German in March 2000; the English edition appeared one year later and included the original English translation of
439:
274:
516:
in the autumn of that year. Maechler concluded that Ganzfried's allegations were correct, and that Wilkomirski's alleged autobiography was a fraud.
44:
605:, and the like. The case is discussed in great detail by psychologists Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson as an interesting case of self-inflicted
1164:
1140:
Maechler, Stefan (2002), "Aufregung um Wilkomirski. Genese eines Skandals und seine Bedeutung", in Irene Diekmann; Julius H Schoeps (eds.),
589:
Langer, 2006; Maechler, 2001b; Oels, 2004; Suleiman, 2006; Wickman, 2007). Wilkomirski's case raises questions about the literary genre of
1388:
1383:
651:
1325:
1220:. Translated from the German by Carol Brown Janeway. New York: Schocken Books, 1996 (reprinted in Maechler, 2001a, pp. 375–496)
1053:
Ross Chambers: "Orphaned Memories, Foster-Writing, Phantom Pain: The Fragments Affair", in: Nancy K. Miller and Jason Tougaw (eds.)
372:, where he meets his dying mother for the last time. After his liberation from the death camps, he is brought to an orphanage in
356:
are presented in a fractured manner and using simple language from the point of view of the narrator, an overwhelmed, very young
1264:
Maechler, Stefan (Fall–Winter 2001b), "Wilkomirski the Victim: Individual Remembering as Social Interaction and Public Event",
1211:
1197:
1101:
1252:
876:
1223:
Froma Zeitlin: "New Soundings in Holocaust Literature: A Surplus of Memory". In: Moishe Postone and Eric Santer (eds.):
1373:
1232:
1183:
1149:
1131:
1116:
1087:
1070:
1007:
256:
177:
159:
105:
52:
141:
839:
528:, had been earlier unearthed as a fraud, and had previously used the name Lauren Stratford to write about alleged
76:
512:
to investigate the accusations. The historian presented his findings to his client and to the nine publishers of
1299:
Oels, David (2004), "A real-life Grimm's fairy tale. Korrekturen, Nachträge, Ergänzungen zum Fall Wilkomirski",
1023:
418:
literary prize in Britain. The book sold well, but in contradiction to common belief it was not a bestseller.
376:
and, finally, to Switzerland where he lives for decades before being able to reconstruct his fragmented past.
1291:
Timothy Neale (2010): ". . . the credentials that would rescue me': Trauma and the Fraudulent Survivor". In:
602:
1368:
1393:
405:
269:
is a 1995 book, whose author used the pseudonym Binjamin Wilkomirski, which purports to be a memoir of
580:
The disclosure of Wilkomirski's fabrications altered the status of his book. Many critics argued that
1339:
744:
134:
972:
769:
83:
1190:
Mistakes Were Made (but not by me): Why we justify foolish beliefs, bad decisions and hurtful acts
524:
revealed that a Holocaust survivor Wilkomirski claimed to have known in the camps, a woman named
467:, Switzerland, from which he was taken in by the Dössekkers, a wealthy and childless couple in
564:
could perhaps be a long-lost relative. In the same year (2002) the public prosecutor of the
348:. In the book, he described what he claimed were his experiences as a child survivor of the
1171:
792:
613:
529:
294:
547:
she identified a number of contradictions in Wilkomirski's story and came to believe that
8:
1378:
1352:
658:
525:
444:
393:
369:
279:
1204:
The Ruins of Experience. Scotland's "Romantik" Highlands and the Birth of Modern Witness
1142:
Das Wilkomirski-Syndrom: Eingebildete Erinnerungen oder Von der Sehnsucht, Opfer zu sein
565:
384:
First published in German in 1995 by the JĂĽdischer Verlag (part of the highly respected
1308:
1032:
995:
968:
693:
542:
475:
1281:
1228:
1207:
1193:
1179:
1158:
1145:
1127:
1112:
1097:
1083:
1066:
1003:
251:
1273:
1078:
Daniel Ganzfried: "Die Holocaust-Travestie. Erzählung". In: Sebastian Hefti (ed.):
688:
414:
572:
she had ordered had confirmed that Wilkomirski and Grosjean were the same person.
678:
646:
509:
385:
289:
82:
The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of
1326:"Why One Would Pretend to be a Victim of the Holocaust: The Wilkomirski Memoir"
840:
http://www.wolfgang-heuer.com/wp-content/uploads/heuer_wolfgang_wilkomirski.pdf
700:
508:
In April 1999, Wilkomirski's literary agency commissioned the ZĂĽrich historian
496:
401:
226:
87:
884:
1362:
1335:
1277:
590:
556:
270:
430:), and added that he had been the victim of unbearable medical experiments.
288:
no longer had any literary value. Swiss historian and anti-Semitism expert
1285:
606:
594:
353:
1057:, Urbanan and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2002, pp. 92–111
668:
568:
announced that she found no evidence of criminal fraud. She added that a
337:
317:
1312:
1036:
480:
199:
464:
455:
427:
349:
321:
468:
373:
569:
423:
392:
was soon translated into nine languages; an English translation by
333:
532:— a story which itself had been debunked nearly a decade earlier.
1348:
1063:
A Life in Pieces: The Making and Unmaking of Binjamin Wilkomirski
634:
1225:
Catastrophe and Meaning. The Holocaust and the Twentieth Century
598:
490:
422:
concentration camps in which he claimed to have been interned (
366:
362:
1227:. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2003,
1000:
How the Mind Forgets and Remembers: The Seven Sins of Memory
844:
797:
460:
336:
and instrument maker living in the German-speaking part of
1249:
66 (1999), pp. 7–65; published in abridged form as:
1126:, translated by John E. Woods, New York: Schocken Books,
821:
786:
770:"National Jewish Book Award | Book awards | LibraryThing"
618:
Moses Mendelssohn Zentrum für europäisch-jüdische Studien
485:
463:
in Switzerland. The boy had been sent to an orphanage in
357:
1206:, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007,
856:
1082:
Jüdische Verlagsanstalt, Berlin 2002, pp. 17–154,
928:
926:
1124:
The Wilkomirski Affair: A Study in Biographical Truth
911:
899:
874:
809:
923:
438:
In August 1998, a Swiss journalist and writer named
877:"Satan's Sideshow: The True Lauren Stratford Story"
875:Passantino, Bob; Passantino, Gretchen; Trott, Jon.
616:which has been applied to several other cases. The
1178:, Cambridge etc.: Harvard University Press, 2006,
950:
593:, the aesthetics of a literary work's reception,
273:. It was debunked by Swiss journalist and writer
1360:
938:
453:in an article published in the Swiss newsweekly
320:), is a musician and writer who claimed to be a
1111:, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2006,
1080:... alias Wilkomirski. Die Holocaust-Travestie.
683:Hannah: From Dachau to the Olympics and Beyond
1055:Extremities: Trauma, Testimony, and Community
628:
478:in the English-speaking world, appearing on
738:
736:
734:
732:
730:
612:The debate led to the creation of the term
609:(Tavris and Aronson, 2007, pp. 82ff.)
346:Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood)
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1218:Fragments. Memories of a Wartime Childhood
1163:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
365:before being arrested and interned in two
342:Bruchstücke. Aus einer Kindheit 1939–1948
266:Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood
198:
192:Fragments: Memories of a Wartime Childhood
1263:
1176:Crises of Memory and the Second World War
1121:
917:
905:
850:
827:
803:
178:Learn how and when to remove this message
160:Learn how and when to remove this message
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1245:Elena Lappin: 'The Man with Two Heads,'
1139:
1094:Narrative Research in Health and Illness
932:
727:
16:1995 faux memoir by Binjamin Wilkomirski
1250:
1019:
652:Misha: A MĂ©moire of the Holocaust Years
1361:
1144:, Zürich and Munich, pp. 86–131,
1096:, Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2004,
433:
1060:
956:
862:
332:In 1995, Wilkomirski, a professional
1355:, with 3 library catalog records
1298:
944:
815:
742:
379:
117:
59:
18:
1239:
13:
1389:National Jewish Book Award winners
14:
1405:
1384:Written fiction presented as fact
1319:
1295:, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 431–48
1188:Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson:
743:Moss, Stephen (15 October 1999).
34:This article has multiple issues.
1301:Zeitschrift fĂĽr Germanistik, N.F
1293:Holocaust & Genocide Studies
122:
64:
23:
1109:Using and Abusing the Holocaust
1065:, New York and London: Norton,
1047:
1013:
989:
977:
962:
868:
400:appeared in 1996, published by
344:(later published in English as
42:or discuss these issues on the
1328:by Renata Salecl published in
1251:Lapppin, Elana (6 June 1999).
833:
762:
718:
340:, published a memoir entitled
131:This article needs editing to
1:
1307:(2), Peter Lang AG: 373–390,
711:
1192:, New York: Harcourt, 2007,
575:
7:
1253:"The Boy Who had Two Lives"
1024:Zeitschrift fĂĽr Germanistik
973:Radio archives: episode 82.
640:
551:was fiction. (Lappin 1999)
503:
449:questioned the veracity of
352:. The supposed memories of
327:
10:
1410:
1122:Maechler, Stefan (2001a),
793:Holocaust Denial: A Sequel
408:in the United States, the
406:National Jewish Book Award
1336:"Truth, Lies and Fiction"
1002:, Houghton Mifflin 2001,
663:Read On, My Dear, Read On
474:Wilkomirski had become a
471:who finally adopted him.
300:
250:
242:
232:
222:
214:
206:
197:
1374:Holocaust-related hoaxes
1278:10.2979/his.2001.13.2.59
627:held a conference named
410:Prix MĂ©moire de la Shoah
133:comply with Knowledge's
630:Das Wilkomirski-Syndrom
1216:Binjamin Wilkomirski:
745:"Fragments of a fraud"
724:Maechler 2000, p. 281.
629:
316:; 12 February 1941 in
1345:podcast, 15 July 1999
1061:Eskin, Blake (2002),
673:Memorias del infierno
597:, witness testimony,
308:, whose real name is
1349:Binjamin Wilkomirski
1266:History & Memory
1172:Susan Rubin Suleiman
1107:Lawrence L. Langer:
984:Neue ZĂĽrcher Zeitung
774:www.librarything.com
614:Wilkomirski syndrome
530:satanic ritual abuse
306:Binjamin Wilkomirski
295:Wilkomirski syndrome
210:Binjamin Wilkomirski
1353:Library of Congress
986:, 13 December 2002.
865:, pp. 104–153.
806:, pp. 111–128.
659:Marie Sophie Hingst
434:Ganzfried's article
412:in France, and the
394:Carol Brown Janeway
388:publishing house),
370:concentration camps
297:for similar cases.
218:Carol Brown Janeway
194:
142:improve the content
1369:Literary forgeries
1235:, pp. 173–208
1104:, pp. 168–186
996:Daniel L. Schacter
969:This American Life
887:on October 2, 2003
881:cornerstonemag.com
853:, p. 129–164.
694:Angel at the Fence
543:This American Life
238:September 23, 1997
190:
1394:Holocaust diaries
1212:978-0-8122-3971-3
1202:Matthew Wickman:
1198:978-1-905177-21-9
1102:978-0-7279-1792-8
830:, pp. 22–83.
818:, p. 376–79.
380:First publication
262:
261:
243:Publication place
188:
187:
180:
170:
169:
162:
116:
115:
108:
57:
1401:
1315:
1288:
1260:
1240:Journal articles
1168:
1162:
1154:
1136:
1075:
1041:
1040:
1017:
1011:
993:
987:
981:
975:
971:, Haunted 1997,
966:
960:
954:
948:
942:
936:
930:
921:
915:
909:
903:
897:
896:
894:
892:
883:. Archived from
872:
866:
860:
854:
848:
842:
837:
831:
825:
819:
813:
807:
801:
795:
790:
784:
783:
781:
780:
766:
760:
759:
757:
755:
740:
725:
722:
689:Herman Rosenblat
632:
626:
603:trauma therapies
566:canton of ZĂĽrich
448:
440:Daniel Ganzfried
415:Jewish Quarterly
283:
275:Daniel Ganzfried
234:Publication date
202:
195:
189:
183:
176:
165:
158:
154:
151:
145:
126:
125:
118:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
68:
67:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1359:
1358:
1332:, v.1 n.3, 2000
1322:
1257:The Independent
1242:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1134:
1073:
1050:
1045:
1044:
1018:
1014:
994:
990:
982:
978:
967:
963:
955:
951:
943:
939:
931:
924:
916:
912:
904:
900:
890:
888:
873:
869:
861:
857:
849:
845:
838:
834:
826:
822:
814:
810:
802:
798:
791:
787:
778:
776:
768:
767:
763:
753:
751:
741:
728:
723:
719:
714:
679:Rosemarie Pence
647:Misha Defonseca
643:
620:
578:
526:Laura Grabowski
510:Stefan Maechler
506:
442:
436:
396:with the title
386:Suhrkamp Verlag
382:
330:
310:Bruno Dössekker
303:
290:Stefan Maechler
277:
235:
184:
173:
172:
171:
166:
155:
149:
146:
139:
135:Manual of Style
127:
123:
112:
101:
95:
92:
81:
75:has an unclear
69:
65:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1407:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1357:
1356:
1346:
1333:
1321:
1320:External links
1318:
1317:
1316:
1296:
1289:
1261:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1221:
1214:
1200:
1186:
1169:
1150:
1137:
1132:
1119:
1105:
1090:
1076:
1071:
1058:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1031:(3): 634–636.
1012:
988:
976:
961:
949:
937:
922:
918:Maechler 2001b
910:
906:Maechler 2001a
898:
867:
855:
851:Maechler 2001a
843:
832:
828:Maechler 2001a
820:
808:
804:Maechler 2001a
796:
785:
761:
726:
716:
715:
713:
710:
709:
708:
701:Donald J. Watt
698:
686:
676:
666:
656:
642:
639:
607:false memories
577:
574:
505:
502:
497:The New Yorker
435:
432:
381:
378:
329:
326:
314:Bruno Grosjean
302:
299:
260:
259:
254:
248:
247:
244:
240:
239:
236:
233:
230:
229:
224:
220:
219:
216:
212:
211:
208:
204:
203:
186:
185:
168:
167:
130:
128:
121:
114:
113:
77:citation style
72:
70:
63:
58:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1406:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1303:(in German),
1302:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1234:
1233:0-226-67611-0
1230:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1185:
1184:0-674-02206-8
1181:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1160:
1153:
1151:3-85842-472-2
1147:
1143:
1138:
1135:
1133:0-8052-1135-7
1129:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1117:0-253-34745-9
1114:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1089:
1088:3-934658-29-6
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1072:0-393-04871-3
1068:
1064:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1027:(in German).
1026:
1025:
1016:
1009:
1008:0-285-63683-9
1005:
1001:
997:
992:
985:
980:
974:
970:
965:
958:
953:
946:
941:
934:
933:Maechler 2002
929:
927:
919:
914:
907:
902:
891:September 13,
886:
882:
878:
871:
864:
859:
852:
847:
841:
836:
829:
824:
817:
812:
805:
800:
794:
789:
775:
771:
765:
750:
746:
739:
737:
735:
733:
731:
721:
717:
706:
702:
699:
696:
695:
690:
687:
684:
680:
677:
674:
670:
667:
664:
660:
657:
654:
653:
648:
645:
644:
638:
636:
631:
624:
619:
615:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
591:autobiography
586:
583:
573:
571:
567:
563:
559:
558:
557:Verdingkinder
552:
550:
545:
544:
538:
533:
531:
527:
521:
517:
515:
511:
501:
499:
498:
493:
492:
487:
483:
482:
477:
476:cause célèbre
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
457:
452:
446:
441:
431:
429:
425:
419:
417:
416:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
377:
375:
371:
368:
364:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
298:
296:
291:
287:
281:
276:
272:
271:the Holocaust
268:
267:
258:
257:9780805210897
255:
253:
249:
246:United States
245:
241:
237:
231:
228:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
196:
193:
182:
179:
164:
161:
153:
150:February 2016
143:
138:
136:
129:
120:
119:
110:
107:
99:
89:
85:
79:
78:
73:This article
71:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
1341:
1340:BBC Radio 4
1330:Other Voices
1329:
1304:
1300:
1292:
1272:(2): 59–95,
1269:
1265:
1256:
1246:
1224:
1217:
1203:
1189:
1175:
1141:
1123:
1108:
1093:
1079:
1062:
1054:
1048:Bibliography
1028:
1022:
1015:
999:
991:
983:
979:
964:
952:
940:
913:
901:
889:. Retrieved
885:the original
880:
870:
858:
846:
835:
823:
811:
799:
788:
777:. Retrieved
773:
764:
752:. Retrieved
749:The Guardian
748:
720:
704:
692:
682:
672:
662:
650:
611:
595:oral history
587:
581:
579:
561:
555:
553:
548:
541:
536:
534:
522:
518:
513:
507:
495:
489:
479:
473:
454:
450:
437:
420:
413:
397:
389:
383:
354:World War II
345:
341:
334:clarinettist
331:
313:
309:
305:
304:
285:
265:
264:
263:
191:
174:
156:
147:
140:Please help
132:
102:
93:
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
1342:In Our Time
754:20 February
669:Enric Marco
621: [
443: [
390:BruchstĂĽcke
338:Switzerland
318:Biel/Bienne
278: [
96:August 2017
1379:1995 books
1363:Categories
957:Eskin 2002
863:Eskin 2002
779:2020-01-18
712:References
601:research,
481:60 Minutes
324:survivor.
215:Translator
88:footnoting
39:improve it
945:Oels 2004
816:Oels 2004
637:in 2001.
582:Fragments
576:Aftermath
562:Fragments
549:Fragments
537:Fragments
514:Fragments
465:Adelboden
456:Weltwoche
451:Fragments
428:Auschwitz
398:Fragments
350:Holocaust
322:Holocaust
286:Fragments
223:Publisher
45:talk page
1313:23978028
1286:20034155
1159:citation
1037:23976367
641:See also
570:DNA test
504:Exposure
484:and the
424:Majdanek
402:Schocken
328:The book
227:Schocken
84:citation
707:, 1995)
685:, 2005)
675:, 1978)
655:, 1997)
635:Potsdam
488:and in
1311:
1284:
1247:Granta
1231:
1210:
1196:
1182:
1148:
1130:
1115:
1100:
1086:
1069:
1035:
1006:
705:Stoker
599:memory
491:Granta
469:ZĂĽrich
374:KrakĂłw
363:Poland
358:Jewish
312:(born
301:Author
207:Author
1309:JSTOR
1033:JSTOR
625:]
447:]
282:]
1282:PMID
1229:ISBN
1208:ISBN
1194:ISBN
1180:ISBN
1165:link
1146:ISBN
1128:ISBN
1113:ISBN
1098:ISBN
1084:ISBN
1067:ISBN
1004:ISBN
893:2016
756:2023
494:and
461:Biel
426:and
367:Nazi
252:ISBN
86:and
1351:at
1274:doi
633:in
486:BBC
1365::
1338:,
1305:14
1280:,
1270:13
1268:,
1255:.
1174::
1161:}}
1157:{{
1029:12
998:,
925:^
879:.
772:.
747:.
729:^
623:de
445:de
280:de
48:.
1276::
1259:.
1167:)
1039:.
959:.
947:.
935:.
920:.
908:.
895:.
782:.
758:.
703:(
697:)
691:(
681:(
671:(
665:)
661:(
649:(
181:)
175:(
163:)
157:(
152:)
148:(
144:.
137:.
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
90:.
80:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
