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354:(a French general assisting the Continental Army) at General Washington's direction. Through 1780 they greatly expanded the fort, probably with considerable help from Patriot forces. French activities presumably included the hilltop redoubt, detached batteries, a new 30-gun water battery, new barracks, hospital, and subsequent cemetery (still visible today).
933:
2000 – Debated over responsibility and ownership heat up between Town of Hull and
Commonwealth of Massachusetts DCR. DCR maintains, and cleans graffiti from forts, mows lawns, and leads/supervises historic walking tours of the fort and its areas. DCR holds free movies during the summer on the parade
548:
The fort's main armament was the two 12-inch guns of
Battery Ripley, with a range of 18,400 yards (16,800 m). Battery Sanders was originally a six-gun battery, but two guns were administratively reassigned as Battery Pope in 1906, and in 1909 the guns were further reassigned with three guns in
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2010 – Town of Hull orders no more tours for summer in the tower. Park is still a viable recreational space for tourists and towns people alike. The officer's quarters still stands in the back and is a museum, with artillery outside, and interactive exhibits inside, open when staffing is possible.
768:
Later this year construction began on the 77 acre Fort Revere
Reservation as it is known today. The site included two 6-inch batteries atop Telegraph Hill, added after the 12- and 5-inch batteries near the shoreline. The detached military post included a variety of barracks, quarters, storehouses
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to further strengthen the Hull defenses. The French arguably remained on the site in some shape or form through 1780. Smallpox caused the interment of over 200 released French prisoners of war and garrison members in the cantonment's cemetery. A notable survivor and commander at this site at this
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and were removed in late 1917. The 5-inch guns were apparently sent to France to arm the 69th Coast
Artillery Regiment, but a source indicates that ammunition for these guns was never received. After the war all 5-inch guns were withdrawn from Coast Artillery service and apparently scrapped. The
741:" of seacoast defense included outer harbor defenses at Telegraph Hill with a channel-side water battery secured by expanded fortifications atop the hill, which in turn were supported by additional works on Little Hog Island, and Point Allerton. These works were never built.
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1775 – National
Register Nomination notes "Fort Independence was built on top of Telegraph Hill just prior to the Revolution." Citation is lacking, and documentation for pre-war construction by Crown, Province or rebels aside from the register is currently unavailable.
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1840s – Telegraph Hill was extensively used as a semaphore/flag/electric telegraphy (and eventually radio) station to notify Boston of approaching merchant vessels. An observation tower was built within the old earthworks. (This is not the water tower seen today.)
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After the transfer of the fort's name in 1797 it was known locally as "the French fort". With no recorded activity in the War of 1812, the fort probably fell out of use after 1815. New fortifications were proposed for the
Telegraph Hill area in the 1830s under the
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crippled fleet. French activities presumably included the hilltop redoubt, detached batteries, a new 30-gun water battery, new barracks, hospital, and subsequent cemetery (still visible today). A month later, in
September, Washington assigned Chief Engineer
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in early 1917, the fort was expanded to include temporary structures such as quarters and additional storehouses. The three 6-inch guns of
Battery Pope and the two 5-inch guns of Battery Field were earmarked for potential use on field carriages on the
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forces shortly after the conclusion of
Washington's siege of Boston. Sources suggest that an earthwork battery fired on the blockading British fleet in June 1776. This work later saluted American Independence on 17 July 1776.
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1777 – January of this year, Committee on
Fortifications reports note that a ditched pentagonal fort with 15 embrasures stood at Hull. Supported by two detached water batteries, the fort still needed a
339:. By January 1777 the fort had embrasures for 15 guns, plus two detached batteries with an unknown number of guns and a military hospital nearby. By early 1778 the fort mounted 22 guns.
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celebration in 1976 resulted in the fort's restoration and the installation of amphitheaters within the walls of the disused fortification. A small monument dedicated July 14, 1976 (
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three 6-inch guns removed from Fort Revere were never returned to it; typically this type of weapon was stored after the war and re-used on new long-range mountings in World War II.
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With the outbreak of World War II in September 1939 Fort Revere was again built up with temporary structures to accommodate the 1940–1941 mobilization. With new defenses completed
681:, powder magazine, guardhouse, and several barracks. A military hospital was located near the fort. In July, 575 troops and local militia were stationed at Hull's defenses.
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Many of the residents of the park, live in former military housing, and frequent the common space during the seasons with dogs, children and other recreational activities.
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etc. Installation of artillery fire control facilities were extensive as they most likely included slighting the channel bearing flank of the Revolutionary War earthworks.
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1920s – Anti-aircraft emplacements are installed within the earthwork compound. Historic earthworks were leveled, and the area was eventually placed in caretaker status.
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that allowed the gun to be dropped down out of sight when not in use. The disappearing carriages of the 6-inch guns had to be lowered to reload the guns for each shot.
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1917 – World War I finds Fort Revere an active Coast Artillery garrison, although the fort is stripped of its lighter weapons for potential field service in Europe.
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1898 – The US Government purchased Fort Revere officially from the town, and the Massachusetts Militia were stationed there during the Spanish–American War.
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and one that served 1898–1947. There are also a water tower with an observation deck, a military history museum and picnic facilities. It is operated as
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1976 – Town of Hull/Metropolitan District Commission (now the Department of Conservation and Recreation) dedicated Fort Independence/Fort Revere Park.
367:, but none were built. The remains of the fort were demolished or covered over during Fort Revere's World War I-era buildup. Telegraph Hill became a
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defense systems of Boston. Municipal and private development commences at the site and several of the structures were recycled for private usage.
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1850s – Telegraph Hill saw little use during the Civil War other than its important and ongoing role as a surveillance and communications point.
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1903 – A water tower, with provisions for a military searchlight, was erected at Telegraph Hill within the old earthworks.
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1778 – The winter season brought reports from the Commander that the works mounted 22 pieces ranging from 42-pdr to 3-pdr
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1990s – Massachusetts Historical Commission grants award to re-roof and keep the water tower open for supervised tours.
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1975 – Contract awarded to repair the water tower as part of a Bicentennial Celebration, plaque was placed in memory.
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1940s – World War II established the 90mm AMTB Battery 941 at Fort Revere. Fort re-activated until end of war.
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each battery. The two 5-inch guns of Battery Field were on "balanced pillar" carriages, a type of
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van Aaram, Amy (July 5, 2007). "Fort Revere offers families movies and more". The Boston Globe.
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Artillerists and Engineers: The Beginnings of American Seacoast Fortifications, 1794-1815
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included the Telegraph Hill site in official plans for Boston Harbor's defense system.
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In 1947 Fort Revere was disarmed and turned over to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
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In 1927 the 12-inch guns at Fort Revere were rendered effectively obsolete by the two
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in Hull Village and contains the remains of two seacoast fortifications, one from the
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1632 – The Hull peninsula, most likely at Telegraph Hill, was first considered by
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station in the 1840s, later a telegraph station, and still later a radio station.
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is an 8-acre (3.2 ha) historic site situated on a small peninsula located in
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1704 – Hull, and most notably Telegraph Hill, are used as a rendezvous camp for
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to forewarn against French revenge for the New England's raids into Canada.
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Following the decommissioning of the fort in 1947, efforts begun during the
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In 1782 the fortification was deactivated, and in 1783 the war was over.
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and called Fort Independence. In 1797 that name was transferred to the
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688:. In August of that month, works at Telegraph Hill were upgraded by
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as an outer harbor defense for Boston. Deferred in favor of the
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Telegraph Hill, the site of Fort Revere, was first fortified by
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fleet were stationed at the fort, supervised by Chief Engineer
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1970 – Two of the batteries were buried. (Ripley and Field)
720:, however that it was a viable backup in case of emergency.
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in San Francisco, similar to the 6-inch guns at Fort Revere.
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Buildings and structures in Plymouth County, Massachusetts
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1696 – Nantasket/Telegraph Hill beacon is erected during
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1776 establishments in the Province of Massachusetts Bay
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Maximum effective range of cannon ca. 1775 = 1,500 yards
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1867 – The state militia sets up an encampment at Hull.
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Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation
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1776 – Telegraph Hill was probably first fortified by
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Battery 941 (AMTB 941) was built in the area in 1943.
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Maximum effective range of 12-inch guns 18,400 yards
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1259:Former military forts, reservations, and camps in
201:some batteries buried, remainder in good condition
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1167:(Third ed.). McLean, Virginia: CDSG Press.
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1052:Fort Independence (1) at NorthAmericanForts.com
984:List of military installations in Massachusetts
48:Fort Revere Park overlooking Allerton and Hull.
1210:at the Coast Defense Study Group, Inc. website
391:, which initially included seven forts in the
1244:
1214:FortWiki, lists most CONUS and Canadian forts
1165:American Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide
737:1830s – Proposals by the Corps of Engineers "
395:. The fort's batteries were built 1898–1906.
1184:Seacoast Fortifications of the United States
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1219:NorthAmericanForts.com, lists most US forts
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1761:Military installations established in 1776
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1208:List of all US coastal forts and batteries
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723:1813 – Telegraph Hill was used to observe
308:Metropolitan Park System of Greater Boston
1751:History of Plymouth County, Massachusetts
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264:Panorama of Fort Revere's fortifications.
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934:ground and concerts in the batteries.
772:Fort Revere's batteries consisted of:
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1080:Fort Revere at NorthAmericanForts.com
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974:Seacoast defense in the United States
969:241st Coast Artillery (United States)
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1186:. Annapolis: Leeward Publications.
1112:69th Coast Artillery in World War I
964:9th Coast Artillery (United States)
385:Nantasket Head Military Reservation
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398:Fort Revere's batteries included:
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1146:. South Shore Chamber of Commerce
365:Third System of US fortifications
1741:American Revolutionary War forts
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557:World War I through World War II
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1429:(East Boston & Long Island)
1182:Lewis, Emanuel Raymond (1979).
563:American entry into World War I
379:Fort Revere, named in honor of
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113:Fort Revere (the United States)
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387:in 1897 under the large-scale
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1591:(Bartlett, McGuinness, Dewey)
1163:Berhow, Mark A., ed. (2015).
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725:the defeat of Lawrence's USS
704:Louis Antoine de Bougainville
520:Unknown, possibly AA pedestal
116:Show map of the United States
595:elsewhere in the Boston area
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1013:Fort Revere at FortWiki.com
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657:northern expedition during
638:1634 works at Castle Island
590:battery was built in 1936.
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1028:. CDSG Press. p. 11.
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80:Location in Massachusetts
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1024:Wade, Arthur P. (2011).
1144:"Places to visit: Hull"
1736:Forts in Massachusetts
508:Antiaircraft Battery 1
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551:disappearing carriage
333:fort on Castle Island
277:disappearing carriage
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147:42.30472°N 70.90583°W
956:United States portal
873:Mexican–American War
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294:. It is situated on
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1746:Hull, Massachusetts
1422:Standish (Plymouth)
1122:Berhow, pp. 104–105
1067:Berhow, pp. 205–206
628:Military chronology
582:on Hog Island (now
539:2 fixed M3, 2 towed
329:American Revolution
319:American Revolution
300:American Revolution
292:Hull, Massachusetts
152:42.30472; -70.90583
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612:Postwar to present
603:Motor Torpedo Boat
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383:, was acquired as
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1468:Barneys Joy Point
1417:Standish (Boston)
1193:978-0-929521-11-4
1174:978-0-9748167-3-9
1035:978-0-9748167-2-2
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1320:Eastern Point
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1261:Massachusetts
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1128:
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1093:Berhow, p. 61
1090:
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623:
619:
609:
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581:
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572:
569:
568:Western Front
564:
554:
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541:
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439:
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433:
431:
428:
425:
423:
420:
419:
416:Years active
415:
412:
409:
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402:
399:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
372:
370:
366:
355:
353:
349:
345:
340:
338:
337:Boston Harbor
334:
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309:
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297:
293:
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278:
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270:
262:
254:
250:
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219:Built by
217:
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128:
124:
95:
62:
52:
45:
40:
36:
30:
27:
22:
17:
1498:Fourth Cliff
1478:Butler Point
1461:Reservations
1385:
1335:Independence
1183:
1164:
1148:. Retrieved
1138:
1127:
1118:
1107:
1098:
1025:
1019:
936:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
916:Nike missile
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
833:Disappearing
810:Disappearing
771:
767:
764:
753:
750:
747:
743:
739:Third System
736:
730:
726:
722:
715:
712:
683:
675:
667:
663:
652:
645:
642:
631:
622:Bastille Day
615:
607:
592:
588:antiaircraft
576:16-inch guns
573:
560:
547:
459:disappearing
407:No. of guns
397:
384:
378:
361:
358:19th century
341:
322:
287:
286:
253:World War II
245:Battles/wars
206:Site history
188:Open to
1503:Long Island
1483:Calf Island
850:War of 1812
754:1885 – The
718:War of 1812
694:D'Estaing's
586:). A 3-gun
580:Fort Duvall
381:Paul Revere
348:D'Estaing's
288:Fort Revere
249:World War I
237:In use
150: /
126:Coordinates
107:Fort Revere
74:Fort Revere
19:Fort Revere
1730:Categories
1600:Havedoneit
1488:East Point
1438:Washington
1362:(Merrimac)
990:References
888:Shoreline
865:Shoreline
727:Chesapeake
708:James Cook
699:du Portail
599:90 mm guns
578:of nearby
561:After the
542:1943–1946
523:1936–1945
503:1901–1917
481:1903–1917
464:1903–1943
440:1901–1943
352:du Portail
138:70°54′21″W
135:42°18′17″N
1705:Wellfleet
1645:Massasoit
1584:Ellsworth
1381:Pickering
1366:Old Stone
1150:1 January
882:1898–1899
859:1898–1899
842:Hillside
836:1903–1906
827:Civil War
819:Hillside
816:1917/1943
813:1903–1906
804:Civil War
793:Abandoned
702:time was
535:90 mm gun
410:Gun type
369:semaphore
279:M1905 at
198:Condition
1710:Wightman
1700:Washburn
1670:Prescott
1665:Plymouth
1443:Winthrop
1393:(Rodman)
1310:Defiance
1275:Acushnet
942:See also
856:Barbette
796:Located
781:Memoriam
655:Church's
528:AMTB 941
435:barbette
225:forces,
24:Part of
1690:Stanton
1660:Perkins
1640:Lincoln
1630:Ipswich
1625:Houston
1610:Hingham
1579:Edmunds
1564:Candoit
1559:Cameron
1554:Brigham
1397:Ruckman
1376:Phoenix
1360:Nichols
1340:Juniper
1295:Beverly
1285:Andrews
801:Sanders
784:Weapons
778:Battery
758:of the
731:Shannon
729:by HMS
670:Patriot
446:Sanders
325:Patriot
314:History
306:by the
223:Patriot
1695:Sutton
1635:Lander
1620:Hooker
1615:Hobson
1574:Dalton
1544:Andrew
1433:Warren
1427:Strong
1407:Sewall
1386:Revere
1371:Philip
1355:Miller
1325:Glover
1315:Duvall
1300:Dalton
1280:Andrew
1190:
1171:
1032:
879:Pillar
847:Ripley
787:Mounts
679:glacis
422:Ripley
1680:Scott
1650:Meigs
1595:Guild
1569:Chase
1549:Banks
1539:Adams
1532:Camps
1412:Stage
1391:Taber
1330:Heath
1305:Dawes
1290:Banks
1268:Forts
870:Field
853:2×12″
790:Built
692:from
500:M1896
486:Field
461:M1903
437:M1892
404:Name
346:from
211:Built
178:Owner
1715:Wool
1605:Hill
1188:ISBN
1169:ISBN
1152:2010
1030:ISBN
885:1917
876:2×5″
862:1943
839:1917
830:3×6″
824:Pope
807:3×6″
686:guns
469:Pope
163:Type
1345:Lee
275:on
193:yes
1732::
1086:^
1072:^
1058:^
1044:^
997:^
734:.
710:.
661:.
310:.
229:,
1252:e
1245:t
1238:v
1196:.
1177:.
1154:.
1038:.
531:4
511:3
489:2
472:3
450:3
426:2
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