Folk Orthodoxy - Knowledge

1432: 975: 1036: 1120: 470:, believed that, in Russia, "there has been a long, centuries-long, coexistence of Byzantine Christianity with Slavic paganism: at first as separate faith systems functioning in parallel, and then—up to the present—as two components of a single Christian religious-celebrity complex, called Russian Orthodoxy." According to Gordienko, dual faith (first explicit and then hidden) was formally overcome by Russian Orthodoxy through accommodation: "Byzantine Christianity did not eliminate Slavic paganism from the consciousness and everyday life of the peoples of our country, but rather assimilated it by including pagan beliefs and rituals in its belief-cultural complex." The non-canonical culture of the Balkans and Byzantium (which came to Russia with Christianity) was also an influence, as were the Finno-Ugric, Scandinavian, Baltic and Iranian peoples bordering the 586: 2570: 2567: 506:(and those as dates of the agricultural calendar), are found in the birch bark charters. Even accusations of "witchcraft," which is not necessarily synonymous to "paganism," are found in no more than two of more than four-hundred and fifty deciphered documents. In contrast, the use of the orthodox calendar to describe the agricultural cycle of work appears in the 13th century and points to the spread of Christianity at that time. By the end of the 14th century, peasants generally refer to themselves as "Christians," which emphasizes their assimilation of Christian identity. Urban dwellers begin to identify themselves as Christians no later than the 12th century. 582:. In oral poetry, the trinity was perceived as the Mother of God, which is reflected, in particular, in some Green week songs with the famous opening "Bless, Trinity-Mother of God...," sung as early as the second half of the 19th century. This image of the Holy Trinity found expression in iconography as well. This is an example of everyday folk myth-making, which filtered the Christian dogma through the prism of pagan concepts. A. N. Veselovsky wrote: "Thus a whole new world of fantastic images had to be created, in which Christianity participated only in materials and names, while the content and the very construction came out pagan." 1889:"Paganism," the spread of which some orthodox authors point to in modern society, is not a further development of the ancient religious beliefs of the Eastern Slavs, but a consequence of the primitivization of the mass consciousness, the dissociation of the scientific picture of the world into separate elements, no longer united by any philosophical idea. To such "paganism" orthodox authors refer a variety of phenomena incompatible with the canons of Abrahamic religions—horoscopes and magic practices, ufology, worship of famous brands, etc. These beliefs and perceptions are a product of 515: 611: 1780:(containing, in particular, canonical prayers), where each prayer has a strictly defined use, in popular culture, canonical Christian prayers usually have no such fixation but are used as universal apotrophes for all occasions. The main reason for this is that the circle of canonical prayers known in traditional culture is extremely narrow. These include such common prayers containing apotropaic semantics as "Let God arise, and His enemies are made waste..." (in the East Slavic folk tradition usually referred to as the "Sunday Prayer") and the 90th 890: 20: 1769:(that is, having noncanonical application), and noncanonical prayers proper. The functioning and consolidation of folk prayers in tradition as apotropei (amulet rituals) is largely determined not by their own semantics, but by their high-sacred status. These texts themselves do not possess apotropaic semantics, and their use as amulets is determined by their ability, as it is believed, to prevent potential danger. The main part of the corpus of such texts is of bookish origin and penetrated into the folk tradition with 1398:, Saint Blasius hid in the wilderness and lived on Mount Argeos in a cave, to which wild beasts meekly approached, submitting in all things to Blasius and receiving from him blessings and healing from illnesses. The motif of the patronage of cattle is reflected in the iconography of Saint Blaise. He was sometimes depicted on a white horse surrounded by horses, cows, and sheep, or only cattle. In Slavic folk tradition, St. Blasius was called "the cow god," and the day of his memory was "the cow holiday." In Novgorod on 1154:

fieldwork. Thus, in folk legends and religious verses, the feats of the holy warrior Egorii (St. George), who withstood the tortures and promises of the "Tsar of Demianish (Diocletianish)" and struck "the fierce serpent, the fierce fiery one," are glorified. The motif of Saint George's victory is known in the oral poetry of the Eastern and Western Slavs. The Poles have St. Jerzy fighting the "Wawel smok" (the serpent of Krakow Castle). The Russian ecclesiastical verse, also following the iconographic canon, lists

683: 1805:, "false prayers") are prayers modeled after those of the church, but contain a large number of insertions from folk beliefs, incantations, incantations, and in some cases reworkings or extracts from apocrypha. Apocryphal prayers and hagiographies adapted for "protective" purposes are much more common in the folk tradition than canonical church texts. Apocryphal prayers are mostly texts of bookish origin. Some of their versions may retain the genre form of a prayer, while others take on the features of 1832:. Exceptional in its prevalence is the apocryphal Prayer of the Dream of the Virgin Mary, which contains the account of Our Lady of the tortures of Christ on the cross. The text is known in both Catholic and Orthodox traditions in numerous variations. In Eastern Slavic folklore, it dominates and is revered along with the Lord's Prayer and Psalm 90. It was most often recited before going to bed as a general apotheosis text. The text of the "Dream of the Virgin Mary" was worn as a talisman in the 1371: 933:

deliveries; on the day of the Nativity of the Virgin, pregnant women prayed for the easy release from the childbirth. The Virgin Mary was also perceived not only as the Mother of God, but also as the birth mother for all people. In this sense, she correlated, in peasant consciousness, with the Mother of the raw earth. This relationship is also found in the traditional notions of swearing: in the popular environment it was believed that it offends the three mothers of man—the Mother of God,

1660:). Peter is the younger brother and the kinder. He allows the farmers to work on their feast day. Paul is the elder. He is formidable and severely punishes those who violate holiday customs by sending thunder and lightning from the sky, burning sheaves. According to Serbian legend, "the division of faiths into Orthodox and Catholic occurred after a quarrel of the apostles: Peter declared himself Orthodox (Serbian), and Paul said that he was Catholic ( 730:. A. E. Musin, an academic and deacon of the Russian Orthodox Church, published an article about the "problem of double belief" as recently as 1991. In this article, he divides scholars between those who say that Russian Orthodoxy adapted to entrenched indigenous faith, continuing the Soviet idea of an "undefeated paganism," and those who say that Russian Orthodoxy is an out-and-out syncretic religion. Bernshtam challenges dualistic notions of 1882:(urbanization, internal migration, the development of education, anti-religious propaganda, etc.), folk orthodoxy rapidly disappeared along with relics of the pre-Christian picture of the world. The accessible Soviet educational system formed a scientific picture of the world that left no room for traditional myths, which previously existed in the form of various superstitions, omens, and bylaws. 1788:" and "Virgin Mary, Rejoice..." (in the Catholic tradition, "Zdrowiaś, Maria..."). The Lord's Prayer is a universal apotheosis, which is explained by its unique status as the only "nonvirtuous" prayer, that is, given to people by God himself, Christ. At the same time, this prayer is a declaration of man's belonging to the Christian world and his stay under the protection of heavenly powers. 1104:

spilled blood of the prophet will burn the earth (Carpathian). According to a legend from Galicia, the end of the world will come when Ilya "will fall with thunders so much that the earth will be rosipitsi i spalitsi"; cf. the Russian spiritual verse "On the Last Judgement," in variants of which the saint appears as the executor of the will of God, punishing the sinful human race.

1599:, was given to the people after a man once hid the holy Week from the dogs that pursued it; before that there were only weekdays. The Ukrainians of Volhynia said that God gave Saint Nedelya a whole day, but told her herself to see to it that people did not work on that day. According to Croatian beliefs, Saint Nedelya has no hands, so it is especially sinful to work on this day. 1402:, they brought cow's oil to his image. The Belarusians had a special meal and rode young horses on St. Blaise's Day ("horse's holy day"). According to the northern Ukrainian beliefs, Blaise "envied the horned cattle. In Siberia, the feast of St. Blaise was celebrated as the patron of cattle. In eastern Serbia (Bujak), Blaise day was considered the feast of oxen and cattle ( 1705:

believed that, among Old Russian icons, one could distinguish those that reflected folk ideals and that the folk idea of saints was especially clearly manifested in icons depicting patrons of cattle (George, Vlasius, Florus, and Laurus) and in icons of Elijah the Prophet, a kind of "successor" to the

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recorded in the 18th century: "In Little Russia, in the Starodubsky regiment on a feast day a plain woman named Pyatnitsa is led through the church and during the church, her people honor her with gifts and with the hope of some benefit." In the stories, Paraskeva Pyatnitsa spins the yarn left by her

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According to Ivanits, nineteenth- and twentieth-century Slavic folk religion's central concern was fertility, propitiated with rites celebrating death and resurrection. Scholars of Slavic religion who focused on nineteenth-century folk religion were often led to mistakes such as the interpretation of

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he people's view of the trinity of the persons of God is not complete and sometimes seems somewhat hesitant and confused, but nevertheless the people distinguish the persons of God: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. The Russian people recognize one God, although along with this, without being

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Popular religiosity differed from, and even opposed, official Christianity. At the same time, the church accepted some folk worship and cults and adjusted its teachings. For example, the popular cult of the Virgin Mary was, by the 12th century, supported by the church. Under the influence of popular

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The people's ideas about God and the Trinity generally coincided with the Christian doctrine: God is the Creator, Provider, and Judge of the world; God is one and in three persons. Already the more specific question of the essence of the trinity put the peasantry in a stalemate. Thus, the conception

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We do not have many methods for determining the antiquity of certain phenomena of mass (especially oral) culture. 'Archaism' of many cultural forms investigated by domestic ethnologists and folklorists is a scientific illusion. What was considered a 'legacy of paganism' is often a comparatively late

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In Eastern Slavs, in addition to the disintegration of the peasant way of life, the interruption of the folk-Christian tradition was facilitated by the radical transformation of the traditional way of life that took place during the Soviet period of Russian history. In the course of the large-scale

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is the mother or sister of Saint Nedelya (cf. the successive days of St. Paraskeva Friday – 28.X/10.XI and St. Anastasia – 29.X/11.XI). According to the Hutsul people, "Week is the Mother of God" (the Mother of God asked for protection on all the days of the week, agreed week, i.e., Sunday; cf. the

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Before the end of the world, Elijah will descend to the earth and travel around the world three times, warning of the Last Judgment (Orlov.). He will come to earth to die or accept martyrdom by beheading on the skin of a huge ox, which grazes on seven mountains and drinks seven rivers of water; the

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According to Slavic folk beliefs, Nikola is the "elder" among the saints. He is part of the Holy Trinity and can even succeed God on the throne. A legend from Belarusian Polesie says that "Svyaty Mikola is not only the oldest of all the saints, but he is also the oldest of them ... Svyaty Mikola is

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is still used to this day in scholarly works to define Slavic folk religion, which is seen by certain scholars as having preserved much of pre-Christian Slavic religion, "poorly and transparently" covered by a Christianity that may be easily "stripped away" to reveal more or less "pure" patterns of

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Since both the sermons against pagans and the Russian Primary Chronicle—the Tale of Bygone Years (PVL) were the result of the 'reception' of Byzantine samples—the works of the church fathers (primarily, Gregory the Theologian and John Chrysostom) and Byzantine chronicles (primarily, John Malala and

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is the patron saint of cattle, "washing milk from cows" at the end of winter. Traditional representations of St. Blaise go back to the image of the Slavic cattle god Volos. The combination of the images of a pagan deity and a Christian saint in the popular consciousness was probably facilitated by

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The saint rides through the sky on a fiery (stone) chariot. According to Slavic beliefs, the sun is a wheel from the chariot of Elijah the Prophet, harnessed by fiery (white, winged) horses (V.-Slav.), or he rides on a white horse (Bulgarian), which causes the thunder. The Milky Way is the road on

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noted the more pagan nature of society, especially the peasantry in Russia up to the 14th and 15th centuries, an analysis that relies primarily on the B. A. Rybakov's hypotheses, as well as the nature of warfare, the tradition of drunken feasts before the prince, and other indirect signs. However,

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Another folk image of the saint is associated with the beginning of spring, agriculture, and cattle breeding, with the first cattle drive, which in the eastern and part of the southern Slavs, as well as in eastern Poland often occurs on St. George's Day. In Russian (Kostroma, Tver.) circumambient

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With the spread of Christianity in Russia, the former beliefs of the Slavs did not disappear without a trace. The interaction of pagan and Christian cultures led to the transformation of the images of Christian saints in popular culture. They turned out to be "substitutes" for pagan gods and some

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Radisavljević-Ćiparizović, D., 2011. Pilgrimage in empirical perspective: pilgrim's attitudes towards church and folk religiosity and superstition in Serbia. Orthodoxy from an empirical perspective (M. Blagojević, D. Todorović, eds.), Niš: Jugoslovensko udruženje za naučno istraživanje religije,

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The Church could convert the pagans to the veneration of the Christian God and saints but was unable to solve all the pressing problems and explain in detail from the Christian perspective how the world around them was arranged, due to the lack of a sufficiently developed and extensive system of

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appears as a woman or girl in white, gold, or silver clothing in Belarusian tradition, with a wounded body. She complains that she is poked with spindles, her hair is spun (while pointing to her torn scythe, according to Ukrainies), chopped, cut, etc. In the Ukrainian legend, a man meets a young

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Two images of the saint coexist in folk consciousness: one of them is close to the Church cult of St. George—the serpent-slayer and Christ-loving warrior—the other, quite different from the first, to the cult of the cattleman and farmer, master of the land, patron of cattle, who opens the spring

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were borrowed from Catholic countries. In Russia, they were officially banned because they contradicted the canon. Such icons did not reflect Russian folk beliefs but were a subject of folk religion. Popular orthodoxy is a social and cultural phenomenon. It developed gradually with the spread of

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The connection of the cults of the Mother of God and the Mother of the raw earth was recorded in the 1920s in Pereslavl-Zalessky Uyezd, Vladimir Province. Here, during a strong drought, the men in despair began beating dry lumps of earth in the fields with beater hammers. In response, the women

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Ivanits attributes the tenacity of synthetic Slavic folk religion to an exceptional quality of Slavs and of Russia in particular, compared to other European countries; "the Russian case is extreme," she says, because Russia—especially the vastness of rural Russia—neither lived the intellectual

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After the collapse of the Soviet Union, with the support of the authorities, Orthodox Christianity regained its importance in public life. While orthodoxy has preserved its norms and traditions, which can be brought back up to date, folk-Christian beliefs and ritual practices have been almost

1506:), and punishes the woman who dared, in spite of the Friday ban, to spin, wind thread, and sew. She tangles the threads and she may skin the offending woman, take away her sight, turn her into a frog, or throw forty spindles into the window with orders to strain them until morning, etc. 666:

According to some researchers, folk religious ideas should not be understood as two-faith— "layering and parallel existence of the old and the new," not as a haphazard formation consisting of the pagan cultural layer proper and the later ecclesiastical overlays—and as "people's monotheism," a

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The Mother of God's patronage of women in childbirth is due to the traditional perception of the maternal beginning in her image, which is emphasized by the etymological connection of her name with the word "birth." The Virgin Mary was usually approached with a request for help in difficult

3150: 815:. The switching of seasonal spirits is celebrated through the interaction of effigies of these spirits and the elements which symbolize the coming season, such as by burning, drowning, or setting the effigies onto water, and the "rolling of burning wheels of straw down into rivers." 1164: 598:

The peculiar intertwining of superstition with Christian doctrine is explained by the fact that peasants were attracted to Christianity not for its dogma (many peasants did not understand Christian dogmas), but for its purely external, ceremonial qualities. According to Archbishop

758:("Damp Mother Earth") is another feature that has persisted into modern Slavic folk religion; up to the twentieth century, Russian peasants practiced a variety of rituals devoted to her and confessed their sins to her in the absence of a priest. Ivanits also reports that in the 941:

demanded them to stop, saying that by doing so they were beating "the Mother of the Most Holy Mother of God herself." The connection of the Virgin with agriculture is evidenced by the timing in some places in Russian rituals relating to the ceremonial beginning of sowing on

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In modern times there has been a disintegration of the peasant environment, which retained "pagan relics" (folk Christianity) in which important functions has been performed. Under the new conditions, these cultural elements lost their functions and ceased to be necessary.

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God's heir, when God dies, then Sv. Mikalai the miracle-worker will be god, and not anyone else." The stories and folk legends testify about how St. Nicholas became a "lord": he prayed so devoutly in church that the golden crown itself fell on his head (Ukr. Carpathian).

1861:(explanatory) function of myth. The Christian religion clarified what should be believed and established a system of behavior and values in relations between people and with the nascent state, while folk myths and representations (above all the basic layer constituting 1848:. The account of Christ's tortures on the cross for the salvation of mankind projects the idea of universal salvation into a specific situation, so it is believed that in some cases a reference to events from the life of Christ is sufficient for salvation from danger. 2172: 3761: 1611:). In the West-Belarusian legend, Saint Nedelya appears paired with the dressy and beautiful '' (that is, the Sabbath, revered by Jews) and complains that the Jews revere their "week" and that "you do everything in the week, then my body was purely paabrava." 2176: 3587: 912:

as the patroness of women, women's work, and women in childbirth; the protector from trouble, evil forces, misfortune, and suffering; and the heavenly intercessor, responsive, merciful, and compassionate. Therefore, she is often referred to in

354:(1948-2021) writes, "Since the nineteenth century, we have been quite convinced that it is worth stripping off the pagan rites superimposed, in a thin layer, the Christian colors, so that the features of ancient pagan beliefs are revealed." 146:

and elements of pre-Christian pagan beliefs. According to historian and ethnologist Sergei Anatolievich Shtyrkov, the boundary between canonical and folk orthodoxy is not clear or constant; it is drawn by religious institutions such as the

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together with the body cross. Among the texts of bookish origin in both Orthodox and Catholics, a significant proportion are apocryphal prayers that contain an account of the life and crucifixion of Christ or other significant events of

797:, characterized by the element of fire, processions and ritual drama, and offerings of food and drink to the ancestors. Spring and summer rites are characterized by fire- and water-related imagery spinning around the figures of the gods 1281:

The motif of shoeing a horse and going around the fields is characteristic of Bulgarian and Eastern Serbian Yuri songs: "Sveti Giorgi kone kove se from srebro and from zlato..." (St. George horseshoes the horse with silver and gold...)

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Among the Eastern and Western Slavs, the image of St. Nicholas in some of its functions ("chief" of the paradise, holding the keys to heaven, transports souls to "the other world," protects warriors) may be combined with the image of

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beliefs, Friday walks stabbed with needles and spindles of negligent hosts who have not honored the saint and her days. Until the 19th century, the custom of "leading Friday"—a woman with her hair loose—was preserved in Ukraine.

2168: 5058: 4205:. Nikita Tolstoĭ, T. A. Agapkina, S. M. Tolstai︠a︡, Никита Толстой, Т. А. Агапкина, С. М. Толстая, Institut slavi︠a︡novedenii︠a︡ i balkanistiki, Институт славяноведения и балканистики. Moskva: Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenii︠a︡. 4162:. Nikita Tolstoĭ, T. A. Agapkina, S. M. Tolstai︠a︡, Никита Толстой, Т. А. Агапкина, С. М. Толстая, Institut slavi︠a︡novedenii︠a︡ i balkanistiki, Институт славяноведения и балканистики. Moskva: Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenii︠a︡. 3819: 3463:

Paraskeva Pyatnitsa / Levkievskaya E. E., Tolstaya S. M. // Slavic Antiquities : Ethnolinguistic Dictionary: in 5 volumes / under the general ed. N. I. Tolstoy ; Institute of Slavic Studies RAS . -

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Paraskeva Pyatnitsa / Levkievskaya E. E., Tolstaya S. M. // Slavic Antiquities : Ethnolinguistic Dictionary: in 5 volumes / under the general ed. N. I. Tolstoy ; Institute of Slavic Studies RAS . -

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Nicholas' main functions (patron of cattle and wild animals, farming, beekeeping, connection with the afterlife, and correlation with the relics of the bear cult), the opposition of "merciful" Nicholas to the "terrible"

641:, could not penetrate the depths Russian village life and, having taken the form of agrarian and domestic beliefs, domestic orthodoxy was the source and the foundation of the appearance of superstitious representations, 3753: 1474:. Folk imagination endowed her with demonic features: tall stature, long and loose hair, large breasts that she throws behind her back, and others, which brings her closer to female mythological characters such as 1614:

The veneration of Saint Nedelya is closely related to the veneration of the other personified days of the week, Wednesday and Friday, which, in popular beliefs, are related by kinship ties. The Serbs believe that

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examines the rites of slumping and girding the temple, rites of invocation of rain, rites connected with protection from thunder and hail, and some others as a symbiosis of Christian and pre-Christian customs.

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Die Wissenschaft des Slawischen Mythus im weitesten, den altpreußisch-lithauischen Mythus mitumfaßenden Sinne. Nach Quellen bearbeitet, sammt der Literatur der slawisch-preußisch-lithauischen Archäologie und

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By the 19th century, Russian peasants had not yet mastered the basic dogma of Christianity about the trinity. In explaining this fact, church authors referred to the peasants' lack of Christian education.

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pan-Slavonic notions of the Virgin Mary, Saint Paraskeva Friday, Saint Anastasia as patronesses of women and women's work, and similar prohibitions associated with the Virgin feasts, Friday and Sunday).

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phenomenon that emerged in the context of Christian culture ... I think the pursuit of the archaic is another way of constructing the 'alien' – that 'obscure object of desire' of colonial anthropology.

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Russian people understand nothing in their religion ... they mix God with St. Nicholas and are ready even to give the latter an advantage ... The tenets of Christianity are completely unknown to them

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Folk culture in Balkanjiit. Scientific ethnographic conference / Presenter and editor: St.n. With. Dr. Angel Goev. - Gabrovo: Architectural and ethnographic complex "Etar", 1996. - T. II. — 308 p.

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Peter and Pavel / O. V. Belova // Slavic Antiquities : Ethnolinguistic Dictionary: in 5 volumes / under the general. ed. N. I. Tolstoy ; Institute of Slavic Studies RAS . -

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Dmitry St. day / TA Agapkina // Slavic Antiquities : Ethnolinguistic Dictionary: in 5 volumes / under the general. ed. N.I. Tolstoy ; Institute of Slavic Studies RAS . -M

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Froianov, I. Ia.; Dvornichenko, A. Iu.; Krivosheev, Iu. V. (1992). "The Introduction of Christianity in Russia and the Pagan Traditions". In Balzer Marjorie Mandelstam; Radzai Ronald (eds.).

2922: 466:, preserving these traditions. Russia's original Slavic beliefs, woven into folk orthodoxy, differed in a number of ways from the official religion. Nikolai Semyonovich Gordienko, following 1747: 405: 2772:

Preobrazhensky N. S. (N. Pr-sky). Bath, games, listening and 6th January. (Ethnographic essays of the Kadnikovsky district) // Sovremennik : journal. - 1864. - T. 10 . - S. 499-522 .

835:, some of them sometimes organically perform the function of good helpers, and others even play the role of pests in relation to the peasant. This was especially strong in the images of 1950: 1534: 4492: 4229: 3395: 1791:

Fragments of a church service, which are in no way connected in meaning with the apotropaic situation in which they are used, also function as amulets. For example, the beginning from

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Saint Nedelya comes to those who violate the prohibition of work on Sunday (spinning, weaving, treading flax, digging the ground, going to the forest, working in the fields, etc.).

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Petrov's Day / T. A. Agapkina // Slavic Antiquities : Ethnolinguistic Dictionary: in 5 volumes / ed. ed. N. I. Tolstoy ; Institute of Slavic Studies RAS . -

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The theological-dogmatic category of the trinity was found to be reinterpreted on a domestic level. In the research literature, this phenomenon is associated with the coincidence

1938: 1417:, then they used to say: "On the day of Blaise, the butter kayushom" (Belarusian.) – On Vlas take with a ladle of oil," and on Onisimus the Hornless, "winter becomes hornless." 1146:, it divides the year into two half-years – "Dmitrovsky" and "Yurievsky." According to Tatyana Zuyeva, the image of Yegoriy the Brave in the folk tradition merged with the pagan 3811: 1455:, were transferred to Paraskeva Friday: connection with female works (spinning, sewing, etc.), marriage and childbearing, and the earthly moisture. She was also correlated with 701:

Ethnography in late-nineteenth-century Ukraine documented a "thorough synthesis of pagan and Christian elements" in Slavic folk religion, a system often called "double belief" (

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With God the Father, the peasants connected more the idea of the paternal relationship of God to men, rather than the personal characteristic of the first person of the Trinity.

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and spiritual verses, Paraskeva Friday complains that she is not honored by not observing the prohibition on Fridays—they prick her with spindles, spin her hair, clog her eyes

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In the traditional worldview of the Russian people, the Apostle Peter was among the most revered saints. In tales and bylichkas he appears under the name of the apostle-king.

945:. To have a good harvest, the grain for sowing was consecrated on this day, an icon of the Virgin Mary was placed in the vessel with the grain, and a sentence was pronounced: 1470:

The image of Paraskeva Friday, according to folk representations, is markedly different from the iconographic one, where she is depicted as an ascetic-looking woman in a red

738:("multifaith") continuum, in which a higher layer of Orthodox Christian officialdom is alternated with a variety of "Old Beliefs" among the various strata of the population. 4555: 2563: 478:" in relation to "non-canonical" beliefs. However, some authors, relying on already outdated studies, point to the "leading" role of Slavic paganism in "folk orthodoxy." 1664:). In the Slavs' representation, Peter and Paul occupy a special place, acting as guardians of the keys to paradise (cf. the Belarusian name of the constellation Swan – 4893: 4290: 4477:

Stark, L., 2016. Peasants; Pilgrims; and Sacred Promises: Ritual and the Supernatural in Orthodox Karelian Folk Religion (p. 229). Finnish Literature Society/SKS.

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veneration of "holy poverty" and notions of social justice, by the 12th century the emphasis of veneration shifts from the cult of the formidable God the Father, and

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In itself, "folk orthodoxy" is a dynamic form in which both archetypal mythopoetic ideas and orthodox canons are combined. According to historian Vladimir Petrukhin:

4595: 4487:Žganec, V., 1956. Folklore Elements in the Yugoslav Orthodox and Roman Catholic Liturgical Chant. Journal of the International Folk Music Council, 8, pp. 19–22. 2916: 2781: 2657: 1451:, known in Russian as Pyatnitsa, as a weekday. According to a number of researchers, some signs and functions of the main female deity of the East Slavic pantheon, 985:

is one of the most revered Christian saints among the Slavs. In the East Slavic tradition, the cult of Nicholas is close to the veneration of God (Christ) himself.

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holistic worldview that does not divide into paganism and Christianity, but forms an integral, though fluid, and, in some cases, somewhat contradictory system.

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According to beliefs, Paraskeva Friday controls the observance of other Friday prohibitions as well (washing laundry, bleaching canvases, combing hair, etc.).

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George Amartola)—then the proper Old Russian folklore motives, names of pagan gods, etc. were included in the Byzantine and Biblical 'literary" context'.

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Veletskaya, N. N. (1992). "Forms of Transformation of Pagan Symbolism in the Old Believer Tradition". In Balzer Marjorie Mandelstam and Radzai Ronald (ed.).

1529: 899: 396:; the people perceived themselves as Christians. Customs considered relics of paganism had a literary origin or belonged to the secular culture of the time. 5114: 4749: 3867: 1933: 1886:

completely lost and forgotten under the influence of atheist propaganda and the country's accelerated modernization policy, and have no chance of revival.

1795:"On you rejoice, Graceful, every creature, the angelic assembly and the human race..." may be read by the master during the driving of the cow to pasture. 1729: 894: 431: 5090: 3664: 1119: 791:

Slavic folk religious festivals and rites reflect the times of the ancient pagan calendar. For instance, the Christmas period is marked by the rites of

762:, old people practiced a ritual asking Earth's forgiveness before their death. A number of scholars attributed the Russians' particular devotion to the 5053: 5041: 4981: 4908: 1220: 674:, the question of everyday orthodoxy as a functioning system and as a socio-cultural and socio-historical phenomenon remained insufficiently studied. 5957: 4737: 1945: 1718: 369: 1742: 1225:). In the same Croatian songs on St. George's Day, there is sometimes a motif of snake fighting and the snake kidnapping a maiden. The Slovenes in 1135:

is called Yegoriy the Brave. George is the protector of cattle, the "wolf shepherd," and "on spring he unlocks the Earth and releases the dew." In

400: 344: 937:, and the native mother. The Russians have a well-known saying: when one swears in foul language: "the Mother of God falls face down in the mud." 607:, many of the Christians practically remained pagans: they performed the rites of the holy church but retained their parents' customs and beliefs. 6346: 5681: 5013: 2699: 1475: 491: 312:, whom the ignorant say, the triune sisters consider them goddesses and offer sacrifices to them and cut chickens, they pray to fire, calling it 3381: 329:, the synthesis of pagan and Christian cultural elements is typical of all European cultures; dual faith is not unique to Russian spirituality. 3241: 3168: 2266: 1215: 557:

It is no coincidence, therefore, that the studies of people's perceptions of God undertaken by the church author Alexei Popov concluded that:

6631: 4512: 4233: 3415: 578:. The associative-integrative nature of medieval thinking and the entire folk culture manifested itself in the perception of the trinity as 3764:: В 48 томах (вышло 29 томов). — Санкт-Петербург, Петроград, 1911—1916. – Vol. 26: Maciejewski – Lactic Acid. – 1915. – Stlb. 929–930. 1204: 6389: 531:

Christianity in Russia. At first, "the masses had to at least minimally master the ritual and dogmatic foundations of the new religion."

4442:[Again on tradition: strategic concept of the contemporary studies of traditional Serbian spiritual culture: A brief overview]. 2724: 1209: 652:—rituals that were "rude" and "dirty" and received the church's most serious condemnation. In the early 20th century, it was said that: 4692: 2539: 4484:

Filipovic, M.S., 1954. Folk religion among the Orthodox population in eastern Yugoslavia. Harvard Slavic Studies, 2, pp. 359–374.

5102: 3119: 1833: 1693:

In Serbia, the Apostle Peter was pictured "riding a golden-horned deer across the heavenly field over the sprouting earthly fields."

332:

American researcher Eve Levin believes that a significant part of medieval Russian folk orthodoxy has Christian origins. Levin cites

4986: 4888: 2559: 316:, they deify garlic, and when one has a feast, then they put it in buckets and bowls, and so they drink, rejoicing in their idols". 2782:

http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/didakticheskiy-potentsial-narodnogo-pravoslaviya-v-obuchenii-russkomu-yazyku-kak-inostrannomu#_=_

6325: 4562: 138:

Folk orthodoxy has developed from an interpretation of rituals, sacred texts, and characters from the Bible. In folk orthodoxy,

5330: 1528:. According to beliefs, Paraskeva Friday is depicted on icons with spokes or spindles sticking out of her chest (cf. images of 4440:"Again on tradition: Strategic concept of the contemporary studies of traditional Serbian spiritual culture: A brief overview" 4395: 4374: 4354: 4294: 4146: 4127: 4108: 4089: 4055: 4032: 3986: 3927: 3908: 3861: 3572: 3522: 3477: 3369: 2424: 2093: 2013: 827:

The Slavs' folk representations of Christian saints and their lives sometimes differ greatly from their canonical images. In

2480: 5914: 4643: 414:("triple faith"). The third component of the worldview of the Russian middle ages was the folk, "non-canonical" culture of 123: 3440: 2003: 5421: 3729: 997:. For the southern Slavs, the image of the saint as a snake exterminator and "wolf shepherd" converges with the image of 3918:

Bernshtam, T. A. (1992). "Russian Folk Culture and Folk Religion". In Balzer Marjorie Mandelstam; Radzai Ronald (eds.).

3305: 3207: 1169:) as a serpent-fighter, whom the Eastern and South Slavic traditions also represent as a rider and protector of cattle. 6035: 4137:

Vlasov, V. G. (1992). "The Christianization of Russian Peasants". In Balzer Marjorie Mandelstam; Radzai Ronald (eds.).

2717:"Глава 20. Христианство, церковь и ереси в средние века (Уколова В.И.) [1990 - - История средних веков. Том 1]" 2447: 2406: 2333: 1384: 1728:, this cult of the mother earth, the patroness of crops, which once existed among the Slavs, reflects the icon of the 4531: 4506: 4210: 4167: 3568: 3518: 3473: 3409: 3365: 3337: 3291: 3193: 3104: 2184: 3689: 2160: 1352:, the saint was perceived as the master and "holder" of all waters: he killed the serpent to give the people water. 1085:

The power of Elijah the thunderer is so great that it must be restrained: God placed on Elijah's head a stone of 40

6469: 6272: 6075: 2540:

Formation and development of painting in Western Siberia from the 17th century to the beginning of the 19th century

1676:, guarding the golden tree of paradise, around which the souls of dead children fly in the form of flies and bees. 1229:

used to lead "Zeleni Jurij" or "Vesnik" (Zeleni Jurij, Vésnik, from the Slovenian dialect vésna "spring") and sing

750:

as figures of a merely ancestral cult; however, in medieval documents Rod is equated with the ancient Egyptian god

3535: 3255: 6282: 5512: 2608: 1649: 1607:

woman on the road, who confesses that she is Nedelya, who people "spelt, boiled, fried, scalded, sliced, eaten" (

723: 3841: 3624: 2046:. Edited by J. V. Kormina, Alexander Alexandrovich Panchenko, S. A. Shtyrkov. Saint Petersburg (2006), pp. 7–18. 535:

of the trinity was essentially reduced to the belief of the existence of three separate persons of the Trinity:

4685: 2745: 2968: 2068: 1710:. In addition, he admitted that some ancient Russian icons reflected folk dual beliefs, including the cult of 1672:, which is also perceived as a key to paradise). The Bulgarians also considered St. Peter the guardian of the 292:... So also this so-called "Christian" could not tolerate Christians who double-mindedly live, who believe in 6041: 6003: 5028: 4621: 3382:

http://istoriofil.org.ua/load/knigi_po_istorii/rossii/koldovstvo_i_religija_v_rossii_1700_1740_gg/12-1-0-5962

1893:

and have no connection with the local folk beliefs of the past. They are conflated with such a phenomenon as

4012: 6017: 4897: 2381: 5107: 1838: 1336:, Yegoriy the Brave was honored as the patron saint of horses; they did not work on horses on his day. In 1093:

hid the day of his feast from him, or else he would beat the whole world with lightning for joy (Serbian).

441:(1961- ) and Anna A. Zabiyako to the mixture of Russian folk-beliefs with those of other cultures such as 6023: 6011: 2213: 6375: 6029: 5576: 3946: 648:

As far back as the 19th century, it was noted that Christian holidays were celebrated by the people as

5210: 4002: 2696: 1203:

The Croats and Slovenes have a major figure in the rounding of courtyards with the Saint George Songs

6507: 6113: 5631: 4678: 1802: 1374:

Blaise of Sebastia blessing a herd of cows. A fragment of a 15th century icon from the Russian Museum

1143: 1139: 1067: 942: 66: 4315: 4281: 3665:"Толстой Н. И. Язык и народная культура: Очерки по славянской мифологии и этнолингвистике. М., 1995" 3234: 2996: 2949: 2746:"Скачать Зимний период русского народного земледельческого календаря XVI - XIX веков - Чичеров В.И." 2263: 5842: 5245: 4628: 4499:

The culture of the road in the Russian mythological and ritual tradition of the 19th-20th centuries

4387:

Russian Traditional Culture: Religion, Gender and Customary Law: Religion, Gender and Customary Law

3434:

Zvichaї to our people (Ukrainian) . - Munich: Ukrainian publishing house, 1958. - Vol. 2. - 289 p."

3402:

The culture of the road in the Russian mythological and ritual tradition of the 19th-20th centuries

2473:"Двоеверие (Русь). В. Петрухин. "Проводы Перуна": древнерусский "фольклор" и византийская традиция" 1918: 1637: 1066:

Until he was 33 years old, Elijah sat and was healed and endowed with great power by God and saint

868: 4521: 1761:

Folk Christian prayers include canonical prayers that are common in popular culture, fragments of

6636: 5611: 5482: 4325:"Реминисценции восточнославянского язычества в современной Российской культуре (статья первая) \" 3892: 2658:"Духовная жизнь русского крестьянства на рубеже XIX XX веков (по материалам Пензенской губернии)" 1479: 148: 46: 2227:

Investigations in the History and Prehistory of Russian Culture. M.: Languages of Slavic Culture

1096:

St. Elijah has only his left hand. If he had both hands, he would kill all the devils on earth (

5919: 5507: 5315: 5305: 5240: 4709: 4548: 4023:

Ivakhiv, Adrian (2005). "The Revival of Ukrainian Native Faith". In Michael F. Strmiska (ed.).

2252:

Night before Christmas: folk Christianity and Christmas rituals in the West and among the Slavs

1792: 423: 4344: 3468: : Interd. relations , 2009. - V. 4: P (Crossing the water) - S (Sieve). - S. 631-633. - 3360: : Interd. relations , 2009. - V. 4: P (Crossing the water) - S (Sieve). - S. 631-633. - 1818: 1690:

take them from him. On Peter's day the keys are returned to Peter, and then the autumn comes.

1047:

is the lord of thunder, heavenly fire, rain, the patron of crops, and fertility. Elijah is a "

768:, the "Mother of God," to this still powerful pre-Christian substratum of devotion to a great 589:

Paraskeva Pyatnitsa from the Pyatnitsky Church in the town of Galich. Early 20th-century photo

365:: "Under the 'pagan' appearance of a rite or belief, there is often a quite Christian basis." 6287: 6277: 5641: 5008: 4858: 4717: 4616: 4501:]. Традиционная духовная культура славян. Современные исследования (in Russian). Индрик. 4385: 4364: 4302: 4268: 3404:]. Традиционная духовная культура славян. Современные исследования (in Russian). Индрик. 2983: 2716: 2085:

Contributions to comparative mythology ; Studies in linguistics and philology, 1972-1982

1784:"Alive in aid..." (usually rearranged by popular etymology as "Living Helpers"), as well as " 442: 4845: 4754: 3563: : Interd. relations , 2009. - V. 4: P (Crossing the water) - S (Sieve). - S. 24-27. - 3513: : Interd. relations , 2009. - V. 4: P (Crossing the water) - S (Sieve). - S. 22-24. - 2448:"Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата искусствоведения Москва 2012" 2334:"Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата искусствоведения Москва 2012" 633:

Domestic orthodoxy is a peculiar "edition" of the Christian religion. It was created by the

514: 6495: 6101: 5993: 5909: 5791: 5451: 5255: 1928: 1444: 1394:

According to the hagiography, during the persecution of Christians under the Roman emperor

1341: 1082:

which the prophet rides. In winter, Elijah rides a sleigh, so there is no thunder (Orlov.).

785: 642: 333: 237: 176: 139: 115: 103: 3116: 1344:), it was believed that St. George was the lord of spring rain and thunder; together with 726:

there has been a new wave of scholarly debate on the subjects of Slavic folk religion and

458:

The spread of Christian teachings in Russia (especially early on) influenced the people's

175:

refers to the conflict between two religious systems: paganism and Christianity. The term

8: 6546: 6408: 6267: 6237: 6152: 5988: 5973: 5691: 5320: 4935: 4065: 1923: 1665: 1569: 1464: 1030: 994: 610: 5235: 4950: 3903:. Symbolik und Mythologie der alten Völker (in German). Vol. 1. Georg Olms Verlag. 5983: 5952: 5942: 5837: 5786: 5726: 5416: 5280: 5225: 5195: 4082:

Contributions to Comparative Mythology: Studies in Linguistics and Philology, 1972–1982

3222: 3162: 2937: 2662:Известия Пензенского государственного педагогического университета им. В. Г. Белинского 1857:

education. The popular religious-mythological system remained in demand because of the

1564:

In Slavic folk representations, Saint Nedelya is a personification of the day of week,

889: 710: 627: 617: 459: 389: 282:

In Russia, this concept appears with the church's opposition to paganism. According to

268: 195: 187: 143: 57: 4366:

Orthodox Paradoxes: Heterogeneities and Complexities in Contemporary Russian Orthodoxy

3942:"The Three-Headed One at the Crossroad: A Comparative Study of the Slavic God Triglav" 2501: 2285:

Petrukhin, Vladimir Yakovlevich. "Ancient Russia : People, Princes, Religion" in

171:, used in sermons directed against Christians who continued to worship pagan deities. 6604: 6459: 6210: 6065: 5857: 5391: 5285: 5270: 5205: 5095: 5070: 4840: 4638: 4633: 4527: 4502: 4391: 4370: 4350: 4216: 4206: 4173: 4163: 4142: 4123: 4104: 4085: 4051: 4028: 3982: 3965: 3923: 3904: 3857: 3564: 3514: 3469: 3405: 3361: 3333: 3297: 3287: 3199: 3189: 3100: 2665: 2420: 2180: 2099: 2089: 2009: 1798: 1762: 1641: 1399: 1348:

he rode a horse across the sky, and this made thunder be heard. In the villages near

1174: 1062:) tradition, Elijah was taken alive into heaven. Legends surrounding Elijah include: 914: 856: 600: 279:, which preserves pre-Christian customs, thus combining pagan and Christian customs. 252: 248: 214: 107: 5200: 2225:

Zhivov, Viktor. "Dvoeverie and the peculiar character of Russian cultural history".

1576:). Prohibitions against various kinds of work are associated with the veneration of 754:, representing a broader concept of natural generativity. Belief in the holiness of 418:, the Balkans, and Europe, which arrived in Russia with Christianity in the form of 6500: 6416: 6106: 5947: 5806: 5492: 5215: 5185: 5167: 5085: 4976: 4815: 4780: 4590: 4466: 4461: 4451: 4429: 4424: 4414: 3997: 3955: 3849: 1913: 1785: 1770: 1766: 1648:. The Bulgarians considered them brothers, sometimes even twins, who had a sister, 1633: 1616: 1460: 1426: 1403: 1345: 864: 811: 702: 191: 183: 111: 91: 77: 37: 5260: 2031: 1214:—a boy covered from head to toe with green branches, representing St. George (cf. 925:. The Virgin Mary is a favorite character in folk legends, often having a bookish 5929: 5893: 5852: 5796: 5741: 5626: 4993: 4805: 4770: 4701: 4659: 3937: 3155:Указатель сюжетов и сюжетных ситуаций заговорных текстов восточных и южных славян 3123: 3099: : Interd. relations , 1999. - T. 2: D (Giving) - K (Crumbs). — P. 93–94. — 2788: 2703: 2612: 2574: 2546: 2472: 2270: 2164: 1957: 1862: 1702: 1503: 1337: 1010: 759: 682: 463: 393: 229: 4670: 4186: 1686:

that St. Peter kept the keys of the land all year round, and only in spring did

190:, the church denounced non-canonical religious practices. In the fourth-century 6587: 6320: 6193: 5937: 5487: 5446: 5230: 4853: 4775: 4077: 3429: 1845: 1673: 1653: 1155: 982: 969: 922: 840: 769: 241: 5046: 4742: 4101:

Popular Religion in Russia: 'Double Belief' and the Making of an Academic Myth

3853: 3725: 562:

aware of his notion, he also recognizes the three Persons of the Holy Trinity.

6625: 6599: 6551: 6490: 6429: 6424: 6341: 6205: 6157: 6096: 5756: 5571: 5265: 5220: 4810: 4571: 4474:

Kononenko, N., 2006. Folk orthodoxy: Popular religion in contemporary Ukraine

4230:"Щепанская Т. Б. Культура дороги в русской мифоритуальной традиции XIX–XX вв" 3969: 2669: 2179:". — С. 706–707. — 752 с. — 39 000 экз. — 2103: 1967: 1962: 1890: 1657: 1608: 1603: 1592: 1577: 1573: 1559: 1370: 1090: 1075: 884: 467: 326: 244:

also denounced some Christians for practicing the remnants of pagan customs.

99: 24: 19: 5731: 4220: 4202:

Slavi︠a︡nskie drevnosti : ėtnolingvisticheskiĭ slovarʹ v pi︠a︡ti tomakh

4177: 4159:

Slavi︠a︡nskie drevnosti : ėtnolingvisticheskiĭ slovarʹ v pi︠a︡ti tomakh

3301: 3203: 2451: 2430: 2337: 1074:), after which he was taken to heaven (eagle), (see also: the epic story of 6558: 6529: 6434: 6232: 6164: 6135: 5888: 5345: 5295: 4526:. Традиционная духовная культура славян. Современные исследования. Индрик. 4047: 3960: 3941: 1687: 1387:

churches of Saint Blasius were often erected on places of pagan worship of

1379: 1361: 1333: 1142:

is the main calendar boundary of the first half of the year, together with

1132: 1114: 998: 860: 852: 848: 671: 546:, not as the second person of the Trinity eternally begotten of the Father. 309: 152: 5651: 5562: 3328:

Culture of the Russian people. Customs, rituals, occupations, folklore. -

2320:"Magic, Demonology and Visions in the Culture of the Trekhrechye Russians" 2083: 410:(1923-1996), noting the primitive nature of dual faith, proposed the term 392:(1950- ), there was no pagan worldview separate from the Christian one in 267:

pagan holiday commemorating ancestors, similar to the Christian feast-day

6575: 6563: 6512: 6360:

historicity of the deity is dubious; functions of the deity are unclear.

6262: 6181: 6169: 6118: 5567: 5467: 5406: 5065: 4940: 4200: 4157: 3281: 3183: 2769: 2157: 1777: 1629: 1388: 1365: 1136: 1048: 1014: 781: 777: 550: 168: 127: 5601: 4456: 4439: 4419: 4406: 2413:

National aspect of the miracle motif in Belarusian and Russian bylichkas

2382:

https://web.archive.org/web/20180128021152/http://vkist.ru/5303/5303.pdf

6570: 6539: 6474: 6299: 6257: 6242: 6176: 6145: 6080: 6047: 5816: 5781: 5656: 5621: 5537: 4998: 4925: 4722: 4600: 4383: 3896: 3726:"Левкиевская Е.Е. Народные молитвы и апокрифические тексты как обереги" 3595: 3539: 3259: 1829: 1711: 1513: 1471: 1414: 1089:(Orlov.), and bound one arm and one leg (Carpathian.); Elijah's sister 1059: 934: 828: 691: 575: 503: 471: 313: 276: 233: 4409:[Christian and pre-Christian dimension of ritual procession]. 3812:"Itsism as the main form of religious representations of modern youth" 2605: 6580: 6304: 6252: 6247: 6186: 5867: 5676: 5497: 5477: 5310: 5036: 4901: 4873: 4863: 4758: 3609: 2568:Демоны и грешники в древнерусской иконографии : Семиотика образа 1976: 1521: 1456: 1268: 1226: 1127:, from the collection of I. Ostroukhov. 15th century, Novgorod school 1086: 926: 909: 880: 836: 764: 579: 571: 419: 415: 358: 256: 232:, which took on characteristics often seen during the pagan festival 6367: 5751: 5716: 5250: 2749: 6464: 6089: 6070: 5811: 5761: 5736: 5701: 5646: 5606: 5532: 5472: 5441: 5401: 5386: 5355: 5350: 5190: 4930: 4868: 3654: : Lenizdat , 1985. - 187 p. («Загадки» христианского культа.) 3140:

Tolstoy Slavic Antiquities : Ethnolinguistic Dictionary Blaise

3086:

Tolstoy Slavic Antiquities : Ethnolinguistic Dictionary George

2964: 2706:// How Russia was baptized. – Moscow, 1990. – P. 304-314. 1858: 1810: 1806: 1499: 1395: 918: 788:, which severely weakened folk spirituality in the rest of Europe. 695: 687: 272: 228:) denounced his Christian contemporaries for practicing grave-site 5666: 5365: 4960: 2116:

Celtic Mythology: Encyclopedia – Moscow: EXMO (2004), p. 447.

2044:

Dreams of the Virgin Mary: Studies in the Anthropology of Religion

1661: 637:, and condemned by the Church. Christian religion, as asserted by 6534: 6522: 6292: 6140: 6128: 5721: 5711: 5686: 5671: 5661: 5596: 5586: 5557: 5542: 5527: 5522: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5396: 5275: 5177: 5131: 5003: 4945: 4913: 4883: 4878: 4835: 4830: 4790: 4727: 1901: 1894: 1683: 1495: 1483: 1349: 1147: 1071: 793: 634: 527: 427: 305: 285:

The word of a certain Christ-lover and zealot for the right faith

210: 5552: 4540: 4342: 3009:

Slavic Antiquities : Ethnolinguistic Dictionary Virgin Mary

2408:НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ МОТИВА ЧУДА В БЕЛОРУССКИХ И РУССКИХ БЫЛИЧКАХ 6517: 6123: 5978: 5862: 5821: 5801: 5706: 5636: 5591: 5581: 5381: 5290: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5080: 4920: 4825: 4800: 4795: 4785: 4732: 4139:

Russian Traditional Culture: Religion, Gender and Customary Law

4120:

Russian Traditional Culture: Religion, Gender and Customary Law

3979:

Russian Traditional Culture: Religion, Gender and Customary Law

3920:

Russian Traditional Culture: Religion, Gender and Customary Law

3136: 3134: 3132: 3082: 3080: 3078: 3076: 3074: 3072: 1979: – Christianized animal sacrifices in some parts of Greece 1814: 1781: 1565: 1525: 1452: 1448: 1044: 1026: 1006: 978:

Nikolas wooden sculpture from the storage of the Vologda Museum

844: 832: 805: 799: 751: 638: 337: 301: 110:

communities. It is a subgroup of folk Christianity, similar to

3976: 16:

Variety of regional or ethnic expressions of Eastern Orthodoxy

6592: 6198: 5847: 5746: 5696: 5616: 5547: 5411: 5360: 5300: 5136: 5126: 5075: 5018: 4955: 4820: 4765: 3117:

Ancient Slavic version of the fairy tale "Wonderful Children"

1970: – Greek goddess of the harvest, grains, and agriculture 1825: 1707: 1097: 1055: 543: 336:, who was considered a Christian replacement for the goddess 297: 293: 264: 119: 4407:"Christian and pre-Christian dimension of ritual procession" 3351: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3129: 3069: 5872: 5517: 5502: 4494:Культура дороги в русской мифоритуальной традиции XIX-XX вв 4025:

Modern Paganism in World Cultures: Comparative Perspectives

3397:Культура дороги в русской мифоритуальной традиции XIX-XX вв 2363: 2301: 2299: 2293:). Moscow: Languages of Russian Culture (2000), pp. 11–410. 1879: 1553: 3842:"Folk Orthodoxy: Popular Religion in Contemporary Ukraine" 3694:Институт славяноведения Российской академии наук (ИСл РАН) 3669:Институт славяноведения Российской академии наук (ИСл РАН) 1904:, folk orthodoxy is seen as having increased in the 2000s 734:

and proposes interpreting broader Slavic religiosity as a

630:, as rulers of the world, to the cult of Christ-Redeemer. 474:. This fact calls into question the adequacy of the term " 3491: 3342: 3027: 2811: 2809: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2583: 430:. The concept of "triple faith" has also been applied by 3059: 3057: 3044: 3042: 3017: 3015: 2862: 2860: 2296: 2190: 1383:

the sonic proximity of their names. In Russia, with the

2845: 2821: 2642:

Slavic legends about Solomon and Kitovras. Sobr. op. —

2351: 1972:

Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets

1054:

According to Slavic folk legends based on the bookish (

1013:, that there are traces of the cult of the pagan deity 179:, on the other hand, implies a set of blended beliefs. 71: 3690:"Толстой Н. И. Очерки славянского язычества. М., 2003" 2965:"Святые Русского Севера. Народная агиография. М.: ОГИ" 2806: 2794: 2618: 2580: 2518: 2386: 2232: 1878:

social, economic, and cultural transformations in the

3779: 3054: 3039: 3012: 2857: 2635: 2633: 51: 2910: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2902: 2872: 3791: 3767: 2833: 2001: 4384:Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer; Ronald Radzai (2016). 3720: 3718: 3716: 3714: 3188:. Elena Madlevskai︠a︡, Елена. Мадлевская. Moskva. 2630: 2049: 2027: 2025: 1039:Icon "Elijah the Thundering Prophet," 19th century 645:, and peculiar interpretations of the real world. 122:) beliefs and observances, including coordinating 4700: 3185:Russkai︠a︡ mifologii︠a︡ : ent︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡ 2899: 2171:. — Москва, 2005. — Т. IX : " 1765:church services, endowed in popular circles with 182:The phenomenon of "dual faith" originated in the 6623: 1824:Most often, there are prayers-consecrations for 4291:"Двоеверие и народная религия в истории России" 3711: 2890: 2032:http://vestnik.yspu.org/releases/2012_3g/46.pdf 2022: 1828:. The text usually mentions Saint Sisinius and 1410:, and on this day the oxen were not harnessed. 490:Another follower of the concept of dual faith, 3901:Geschichte des Heidentums im nördlichen Europa 3748: 3746: 167:("dual faith", двоеверие) appeared during the 28:Miracle of Florus and Laurus, Blaise, Spyridon 6383: 4686: 4556: 4027:. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio. pp. 209–239. 2549:. Dissertation in Art History. Barnaul, 2004. 2002:Blagojević, Mirko; Todorović, Dragan (2011). 85: 6347:Slavic Native Faith's calendars and holidays 2317: 1809:. They were often transcribed and used as a 1009:in folklore legends indicates, according to 963: 462:worldview and folk orthodoxy became part of 4343:Mirko Blagojević; Dragan Todorović (2011). 3954:. Institute of Slovenian Ethnology: 57–82. 3891: 3743: 3589:ru:Народная Русь (Коринфский)/О Петрове дне 3181: 2914: 2264:"Modern trends in anthropological research" 1717:According to Doctor of Historical Sciences 1644:), who may often appear in a single image: 1173:Yur'ev songs refer to St. Yegorius and St. 271:. A number of Christian cultures celebrate 6390: 6376: 4693: 4679: 4563: 4549: 4117: 4064: 3584: 3286:. I︠U︡riĭ. Medvedev. Moskva: ĖKSMO-Press. 3167:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2042:Shtyrkov, S. А. "After folk religiosity". 1623: 824:pre-Christian traits transferred to them. 4465: 4455: 4437: 4428: 4418: 4404: 4247: 3995: 3959: 3917: 3839: 3809: 3393: 2851: 2827: 2450:. 2014-11-11. p. 211. Archived from 2369: 2357: 1355: 247:Elements of dual faith inhere in several 4184: 4076: 2891:Волошина, Т. А.; Астапов, С. Н. (1996). 2800: 2624: 2593: 2081: 1554:Saint Nedelya, personification of Sunday 1430: 1369: 1319:Early in the morning on St. George's Day 1118: 1034: 973: 888: 681: 609: 584: 513: 18: 4346:Orthodoxy from an Empirical Perspective 4227: 4041: 4022: 3279: 3240:CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2878: 2866: 2815: 2404: 2318:Zabiyako, Andrey P.; Zabiyako, Anna A. 2305: 2196: 2036: 2005:Orthodoxy from an Empirical Perspective 1696: 542:God the Son was thought of as the Lord 6624: 4390:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 13–. 4322: 4198: 4155: 4136: 3797: 3785: 3773: 3497: 3063: 3048: 3033: 3021: 6397: 6371: 4674: 4544: 4288: 4010: 3936: 2962: 2524: 2392: 2254:. — Cambridge: Cambridge-Mass., 2003. 2238: 2148: 2055: 1865:) answered other pressing questions. 1773:, a smaller part is authentic texts. 1646:Peter-Paul, Peter-Paulo, Petropavlava 1131:In the popular culture of the Slavs, 1020: 818: 593: 549:Especially vague was the idea of the 357:Strakhov disagrees; according to his 151:(which often consider folk orthodoxy 6632:Eastern Orthodox belief and doctrine 6090:Folk cults (also including Ossetian) 5915:Russian traditions and superstitions 4644:Indigenous Philippine folk religions 4098: 2839: 1897:, a belief in something indefinite. 1108: 448: 3650:"Riddles" of the Christian cult. - 2606:http://www.knigafund.ru/books/20237 2419:. Vydavecki centr BDU. p. 61. 2127:"obo-vsem-ponemnogu-ot-olechki.com" 1447:is based on the personification of 1420: 1125:The Miracle of St. George the Snake 13: 4336: 4070:Essays on the History of Religions 3283:Ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡ russkikh primet 1868: 1739:painted in the late 19th century. 1572:(in Bulgaria, also with the saint 1189:In the woods and beyond the woods, 1187:In the field and beyond the field, 1160:Tale of the Feodor Tirinin's Feats 621:. Late 16th – early 17th centuries 14: 6648: 4570: 3816:Systemic Psychology and Sociology 3332: : Parity, 2004. - 448 p. — 3326:Lavrentieva L. S., Smirnov Yu. I. 3182:Madlevskaya; et al. (2005). 3126:// Russian speech, 3/2000 – P. 95 2915:Madlevskaya; et al. (2007). 2655: 2131:obo-vsem-ponemnogu-ot-olechki.com 1439:in the setting. Ural, around 1800 2173:Владимирская икона Божией Матери 2088:. Stephen Rudy. Berlin: Mouton. 1199:From the beast of the evil one. 661:Missionary Review, 1902, vol. II 574:and the cycle of ancient Slavic 5422:Mistress of the Copper Mountain 3885: 3870:from the original on 2023-03-28 3833: 3822:from the original on 2014-01-19 3803: 3762:Новый энциклопедический словарь 3732:from the original on 2020-02-02 3700:from the original on 2024-08-16 3682: 3657: 3641: 3630:from the original on 2016-12-23 3602: 3578: 3553: 3528: 3503: 3482: 3457: 3446:from the original on 2015-02-24 3422: 3387: 3375: 3319: 3308:from the original on 2024-08-16 3273: 3248: 3210:from the original on 2024-08-16 3175: 3143: 3109: 3089: 3003: 2971:from the original on 2024-08-16 2956: 2925:from the original on 2024-08-16 2884: 2775: 2763: 2738: 2727:from the original on 2023-03-29 2709: 2687: 2676:from the original on 2023-03-29 2649: 2599: 2552: 2530: 2494: 2483:from the original on 2011-07-02 2465: 2440: 2398: 2375: 2326: 2311: 2279: 2257: 2244: 2219: 2202: 2137:from the original on 2021-10-23 1851: 1756: 1595:believed that the day of rest, 1181:Yegorius you are our brave one, 4490: 4444:Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta 4411:Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta 4068:(1967). "West Slav Paganism". 3614:Old Russian icon painting . - 2287:The History of Russian Culture 2119: 2110: 2075: 2061: 1995: 1793:Liturgy of St. Basil the Great 1580:(cf. the origin of the Slavic 1321:To go around the green fields, 957:Oats and rye, barley and wheat 722:the original faith. Since the 677: 526:Mixed-hypostatic icons of the 509: 1: 6273:Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism 4702:Slavic mythology and religion 4622:Northeast China folk religion 4369:. BRILL. 2014. pp. 81–. 4141:. Routledge. pp. 16–33. 4122:. Routledge. pp. 48–60. 3922:. Routledge. pp. 34–47. 3618: : Art , 1978. - 310 p." 2694:Kryanev Yu. V., Pavlova T. P. 2502:"Начало христианства на Руси" 2210:Religion of the Eastern Slavs 1983: 1706:god of thunder and lightning 1682:There was a belief among the 1413:If Blaise day coincided with 1302:Greenies nivi, rosni livadi. 1191:Under the light of the month, 959:And all manner of livestock! 953:Bless us, bless us, bless us, 605:History of the Russian Church 603:, author of the multi-volume 218: 209:) opposed the celebration of 199: 158: 114:. Peasants incorporated many 23:15th-century fragment of the 4523:Очерки славянского язычества 4519: 4018:(in German). J. Millikowski. 3981:. Routledge. pp. 3–15. 3258:. 2012-05-11. Archived from 3256:"Беларускі народны каляндар" 2336:. 2014-11-11. Archived from 1988: 1323:Green fields, dewy meadows. 874: 724:collapse of the Soviet Union 686:Burning the straw effigy of 502:only one or two mentions of 453: 320: 7: 3840:Kononenko, Natalie (2006). 2214:Russian Academy of Sciences 1907: 1688:Saint George the Victorious 1636:are paired characters (cf. 1296:Trjgnal mi e lumini Georgi. 955:Bless us with your harvest. 893:Icon of the Mother of God " 717:). According to Bernshtam, 263:). Halloween is an ancient 133: 72: 52: 10: 6653: 4042:Ivanits, Linda J. (1989). 3947:Studia Mythologica Slavica 3585:Коринфский, А. А. (1901). 3149: 2893:Языческая мифология славян 2748:2013-10-12. Archived from 2577:. М. : Indrik, 2011]. 1771:acceptance of Christianity 1557: 1424: 1378:In Slavic folk tradition, 1359: 1112: 1043:In Slavic folk tradition, 1024: 967: 878: 363:The Night Before Christmas 163:The Russian-language term 6508:Nicholas the Wonderworker 6483: 6452: 6443: 6415: 6403: 6355: 6334: 6313: 6225: 6114:Nicholas the Wonderworker 6056: 6002: 5966: 5928: 5902: 5881: 5830: 5774: 5460: 5374: 5338: 5329: 5176: 5145: 5027: 4969: 4708: 4652: 4609: 4578: 4491:Щепанская, Т. Б. (2003). 4438:Todorović, Ivica (2010). 4405:Todorović, Ivica (2006). 4252:[Baptism of Rus] 4011:Hanuš, Ignác Jan (1842). 3854:10.3138/9781442676640-005 3810:Tkachenko, A. V. (2012). 3594:(in Russian) – via 3394:Щепанская, Т. Б. (2003). 2208:Villo Johannes Mancicca, 2169:Православная энциклопедия 1803:Index of Repudiated Books 1701:The Soviet art historian 1669: 1568:. She is associated with 1407: 1298:Sutrom early on Gergovden 1068:Nicholas the Wonderworker 983:Nicholas the Wonderworker 964:Nicholas the Wonderworker 841:Nicholas the Wonderworker 325:According to philologist 81: 61: 41: 6226:Revivalist organizations 4629:Vietnamese folk religion 4329:Colloquium Heptaplomeres 3996:Gasparini, Evel (2013). 3893:Creuzer, Georg Friedrich 3586: 3536:"Петров день | РЭМ" 2082:Jakobson, Roman (1985). 1919:Interpretatio Christiana 1638:Saints Cosmas and Damian 1541:Softening of Evil Hearts 908:The Slavs perceived the 869:Saints Cosmas and Damian 4467:21.15107/rcub_dais_8743 4430:21.15107/rcub_dais_8826 4349:. IFDT. pp. 127–. 4003:Encyclopædia Britannica 3280:Grushko, Elena (2000). 2656:Ю, Садырова М. (2009). 1817:, which were worn with 1712:Mother of the Raw Earth 1624:Apostles Peter and Paul 1266:Butter and eggs we ask, 1245:Maslo in jajca prosimo, 388:According to historian 149:Russian Orthodox Church 6305:Russian Zoroastrianism 5920:Serbian folk astronomy 5316:Vasilisa the Beautiful 5241:Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv 4520:Толстой, Н.И. (2003). 4310:Cite journal requires 4276:Cite journal requires 3961:10.3986/sms.v17i0.1495 3758:Молитвы апокрифические 2991:Cite journal requires 2963:Moroz, Andrey (2009). 1821:or kept in the house. 1489:There was a ritual of 1440: 1375: 1356:Blaise as a cattle god 1300:Da offend zeleni nivi, 1243:Zelenega Jurja vodimo, 1195:From the wolf of prey, 1183:Macarius the reverend! 1128: 1040: 979: 951:Gabriel the Archangel! 905: 698: 664: 622: 590: 564: 523: 488: 424:Foolishness for Christ 386: 318: 95: 86: 30: 6530:George the Victorious 6288:Vseyasvetnaya Gramota 6278:Slavic-Hill Rodnovery 6136:George the Victorious 5246:Lech, Czech, and Rus' 4718:Chernobog and Belobog 4617:Chinese folk religion 4099:Rock, Stella (2007). 4084:. Walter de Gruyter. 2895:. Ростов н/Д: Феникс. 2276:(2004), No. 1, p. 75. 2274:Anthropological Forum 1628:In Slavic tradition, 1558:Further information: 1494:mistress (similar to 1434: 1373: 1197:From the fierce bear, 1185:Thou save our cattle. 1133:George the Victorious 1122: 1038: 999:Georgy the Victorious 977: 892: 849:George the Victorious 685: 654: 613: 588: 559: 517: 483: 443:Chinese folk religion 381: 290: 22: 6496:Paraskeva of Iconium 6102:Paraskeva of Iconium 5994:Ukrainian fairy tale 5792:Dodola and Perperuna 5256:Mikula Selyaninovich 4188:СОВЕТСКАЯ ЭТНОГРАФИЯ 4066:Pettazzoni, Raffaele 2229:(2002), pp. 306–316. 1929:Religion in Abkhazia 1697:On icons and rituals 1445:Paraskeva of Iconium 1249:Mladoletje trosimo! 1140:Gergiev (Yuriev) Day 786:Age of Enlightenment 520:Trinity of the mixta 334:Paraskevi of Iconium 238:Western Roman Empire 192:Eastern Roman Empire 177:religious syncretism 140:religious syncretism 96:narodno pravoslavlje 87:naradno pravoslavlje 53:narodnoe pravoslavie 42:народное православие 6409:Christian mythology 6268:Peterburgian Vedism 6238:Slavic Native Faith 5989:Serbian epic poetry 5974:Bosniak epic poetry 5831:Mythological places 5331:Legendary creatures 5321:Volga Svyatoslavich 5146:Priesthood and cult 4457:10.2298/GEI1001201T 4420:10.2298/GEI0654271T 4044:Russian Folk Belief 3846:Letters from Heaven 3500:, pp. 391–392. 3036:, pp. 398–399. 2918:Власий — скотий бог 2697:Dvoeverie in Russia 1924:Christian mythology 1767:apotropaic function 1591:The Belarusians of 1530:Seven-Strength Icon 1317:St. George set out. 1273:Spread the spring! 1247:Ježi-babo zganjamo, 1031:Uacilla (mythology) 370:Alexander Panchenko 82:народно православље 73:narodno pravoslavie 62:народно православие 6314:In popular culture 5984:Russian fairy tale 5281:Mustay-Bey of Lika 4248:Gordienko (1986). 3897:Mone, Franz Joseph 3848:. pp. 46–75. 3122:2018-06-19 at the 2787:2024-08-16 at the 2702:2021-10-20 at the 2611:2014-10-19 at the 2573:2022-04-08 at the 2545:2023-03-28 at the 2372:, pp. 99–100. 2269:2024-08-16 at the 2163:2012-07-08 at the 2158:Всех святых Неделя 2155:А . А . Лукашевич. 1934:Russian menologion 1799:Apocryphal Prayers 1730:Conqueror of Bread 1609:Chigirinskiy uyezd 1443:The cult of saint 1441: 1376: 1193:Under the red sun, 1129: 1041: 1021:Elijah the prophet 980: 906: 895:Help in Childbirth 845:Elijah the Prophet 819:Slavic saint cults 760:region of Vladimir 699: 628:Christ-Pantocrator 623: 618:Theodore of Amasea 594:Peasant influences 591: 524: 432:Andrey P. Zabiyako 390:Vladimir Petrukhin 345:Alexander Strakhov 340:in folk religion. 249:Christian cultures 196:Asterius of Amasia 188:early Christianity 144:Christian doctrine 104:syncretic elements 31: 6619: 6618: 6615: 6614: 6460:Apocryphal prayer 6398:Folk Christianity 6365: 6364: 6221: 6220: 6066:Apocryphal prayer 5858:Oponskoye Kingdom 5770: 5769: 5392:Cornflower Wraith 5306:Solovey-Razboynik 5286:Nikita the Tanner 5206:Dobrynya Nikitich 4668: 4667: 4639:Yao folk religion 4634:Tai folk religion 4481:pp. 127–137. 4397:978-1-315-28843-7 4376:978-90-04-26955-2 4356:978-86-82417-29-3 4250:""Крещение Руси"" 4185:Tultseva (1978). 4148:978-1-56324-039-3 4129:978-1-56324-039-3 4110:978-1-134-36978-2 4091:978-3-11-085546-3 4057:978-0-7656-3088-9 4034:978-1-85109-608-4 3998:"Slavic religion" 3988:978-1-56324-039-3 3929:978-1-56324-039-3 3910:978-3-487-40274-1 3863:978-1-4426-7664-0 3573:978-5-7133-1312-8 3523:978-5-7133-1312-8 3478:978-5-7133-1312-8 3370:978-5-7133-1312-8 2640:Veselovsky A. Ya. 2527:, pp. 57–58. 2426:978-985-476-946-2 2395:, pp. 20–21. 2308:, pp. 12–13. 2241:, pp. 11–37. 2177:Второе пришествие 2095:978-3-11-085546-3 2015:978-86-82417-29-3 1763:Christian Worship 1491:driving Pyatnitsa 1385:Baptism of Russia 1330: 1329: 1279: 1278: 1264:Green Yuri drive, 1109:Yegoriy the Brave 995:Archangel Michael 915:Apocryphal Prayer 857:Florus and Laurus 776:upheavals of the 601:Macarius Bulgakov 576:Green week feasts 449:Slavic traditions 379:(1971- ) writes: 259:(better known as 251:. One example is 128:agricultural life 70: 50: 6644: 6518:Ilya the Prophet 6501:Paraskeva Friday 6450: 6449: 6417:Folk Catholicism 6392: 6385: 6378: 6369: 6368: 6124:Ilya the Prophet 6107:Paraskeva Friday 6087: 6086: 6004:Christianization 5336: 5335: 5236:Jugović brothers 5216:Hrnjica Brothers 5211:Dragon of Bosnia 5186:Alyosha Popovich 5178:Legendary heroes 5123: 5111: 5099: 5062: 5050: 4990: 4982:Karna and Zhelya 4970:Personifications 4917: 4905: 4849: 4762: 4746: 4695: 4688: 4681: 4672: 4671: 4653:General concepts 4610:Asian traditions 4591:Folk Catholicism 4565: 4558: 4551: 4542: 4541: 4537: 4516: 4511:. Archived from 4471: 4469: 4459: 4434: 4432: 4422: 4401: 4380: 4360: 4332: 4319: 4313: 4308: 4306: 4298: 4293:. Archived from 4285: 4279: 4274: 4272: 4264: 4262: 4256:. Archived from 4255: 4244: 4242: 4241: 4232:. Archived from 4228:Tolstoy (2003). 4224: 4195: 4193: 4181: 4152: 4133: 4114: 4095: 4073: 4072:. Brill Archive. 4061: 4038: 4019: 4007: 3992: 3973: 3963: 3933: 3914: 3879: 3878: 3876: 3875: 3837: 3831: 3830: 3828: 3827: 3807: 3801: 3795: 3789: 3783: 3777: 3771: 3765: 3750: 3741: 3740: 3738: 3737: 3722: 3709: 3708: 3706: 3705: 3686: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3676: 3661: 3655: 3653: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3635: 3629: 3622: 3617: 3606: 3600: 3599: 3593: 3582: 3576: 3562: 3557: 3551: 3550: 3548: 3547: 3538:. Archived from 3532: 3526: 3512: 3507: 3501: 3495: 3489: 3486: 3480: 3467: 3461: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3451: 3445: 3438: 3426: 3420: 3419: 3414:. 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Archived from 2418: 2405:Zhegalo (2011). 2402: 2396: 2390: 2384: 2379: 2373: 2367: 2361: 2355: 2349: 2348: 2346: 2345: 2330: 2324: 2323: 2315: 2309: 2303: 2294: 2283: 2277: 2261: 2255: 2248: 2242: 2236: 2230: 2223: 2217: 2206: 2200: 2199:, p. 12-13. 2194: 2188: 2152: 2146: 2145: 2143: 2142: 2123: 2117: 2114: 2108: 2107: 2079: 2073: 2072: 2065: 2059: 2053: 2047: 2040: 2034: 2029: 2020: 2019: 1999: 1973: 1954: 1942: 1914:Folk Catholicism 1842: 1751: 1738: 1727: 1671: 1670:Pyatrovaya stick 1617:Paraskeva Friday 1549: 1538: 1437:Paraskeva Friday 1427:Paraskeva Friday 1421:Paraskeva Friday 1409: 1315: 1294: 1285: 1284: 1262: 1241: 1232: 1231: 1224: 1213: 1168: 1045:Ilya the Prophet 1007:Ilya the prophet 943:Blagoveshcheniye 903: 865:Paraskeva Friday 662: 500: 440: 409: 378: 353: 257:All Hallow's Eve 227: 223: 220: 213:in his sermons. 208: 204: 201: 184:Christian Church 112:Folk Catholicism 108:Eastern Orthodox 98:) refers to the 89: 83: 75: 65: 63: 55: 45: 43: 6652: 6651: 6647: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6642: 6641: 6622: 6621: 6620: 6611: 6547:Saint Anastasia 6479: 6439: 6411: 6399: 6396: 6366: 6361: 6351: 6330: 6309: 6217: 6153:Saint Anastasia 6085: 6052: 5998: 5962: 5924: 5898: 5894:Sword Kladenets 5877: 5853:Faraway Tsardom 5826: 5766: 5456: 5370: 5325: 5172: 5141: 5117: 5105: 5093: 5056: 5044: 5023: 4984: 4965: 4911: 4891: 4843: 4752: 4740: 4704: 4699: 4669: 4664: 4660:Lower mythology 4648: 4605: 4574: 4569: 4534: 4509: 4413:(54): 271–287. 4398: 4377: 4363: 4357: 4339: 4337:Further reading 4323:Beskov (2015). 4311: 4309: 4300: 4299: 4277: 4275: 4266: 4265: 4260: 4253: 4239: 4237: 4213: 4199:Belova (1999). 4191: 4170: 4156:Belova (2004). 4149: 4130: 4111: 4092: 4078:Jakobson, Roman 4058: 4035: 3989: 3930: 3911: 3888: 3883: 3882: 3873: 3871: 3864: 3838: 3834: 3825: 3823: 3808: 3804: 3796: 3792: 3788:, pp. 8–9. 3784: 3780: 3772: 3768: 3751: 3744: 3735: 3733: 3724: 3723: 3712: 3703: 3701: 3688: 3687: 3683: 3674: 3672: 3663: 3662: 3658: 3651: 3646: 3642: 3633: 3631: 3627: 3620: 3615: 3608: 3607: 3603: 3583: 3579: 3560: 3558: 3554: 3545: 3543: 3534: 3533: 3529: 3510: 3508: 3504: 3496: 3492: 3487: 3483: 3465: 3462: 3458: 3449: 3447: 3443: 3436: 3428: 3427: 3423: 3412: 3392: 3388: 3380: 3376: 3357: 3354: 3343: 3330:St. Petersburg. 3329: 3324: 3320: 3311: 3309: 3294: 3278: 3274: 3265: 3263: 3254: 3253: 3249: 3239: 3230: 3229: 3220: 3219: 3213: 3211: 3196: 3180: 3176: 3160: 3159: 3148: 3144: 3139: 3130: 3124:Wayback Machine 3114: 3110: 3096: 3094: 3090: 3085: 3070: 3062: 3055: 3047: 3040: 3032: 3028: 3020: 3013: 3008: 3004: 2992: 2990: 2981: 2980: 2974: 2972: 2961: 2957: 2945: 2944: 2935: 2934: 2928: 2926: 2913: 2900: 2889: 2885: 2877: 2873: 2865: 2858: 2850: 2846: 2838: 2834: 2826: 2822: 2814: 2807: 2799: 2795: 2789:Wayback Machine 2780: 2776: 2768: 2764: 2755: 2753: 2744: 2743: 2739: 2730: 2728: 2715: 2714: 2710: 2704:Wayback Machine 2692: 2688: 2679: 2677: 2654: 2650: 2646:, 1921. - T. 8. 2643: 2638: 2631: 2623: 2619: 2613:Wayback Machine 2604: 2600: 2592: 2581: 2575:Wayback Machine 2557: 2553: 2547:Wayback Machine 2537:Sofronova M. N. 2535: 2531: 2523: 2519: 2510: 2508: 2500: 2499: 2495: 2486: 2484: 2471: 2470: 2466: 2457: 2455: 2446: 2445: 2441: 2433: 2427: 2416: 2403: 2399: 2391: 2387: 2380: 2376: 2368: 2364: 2356: 2352: 2343: 2341: 2332: 2331: 2327: 2316: 2312: 2304: 2297: 2284: 2280: 2271:Wayback Machine 2262: 2258: 2250:Strakhov, A. B. 2249: 2245: 2237: 2233: 2224: 2220: 2216:(2005), p. 137. 2207: 2203: 2195: 2191: 2165:Wayback Machine 2153: 2149: 2140: 2138: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2115: 2111: 2096: 2080: 2076: 2067: 2066: 2062: 2054: 2050: 2041: 2037: 2030: 2023: 2016: 2000: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1971: 1958:Lower mythology 1948: 1946:Friday calendar 1936: 1910: 1871: 1869:In modern times 1863:lower mythology 1854: 1836: 1776:In contrast to 1759: 1745: 1732: 1721: 1719:Lyubov Emelyakh 1703:Mikhail Alpatov 1699: 1642:Flor and Laurus 1626: 1593:Grodno province 1570:saint Anastasia 1562: 1556: 1543: 1532: 1465:Saint Anastasia 1429: 1423: 1368: 1358: 1338:Pirin Macedonia 1325: 1322: 1320: 1318: 1316: 1310: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1297: 1295: 1290: 1275: 1272: 1267: 1265: 1263: 1257: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1242: 1237: 1218: 1207: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1194: 1192: 1190: 1188: 1186: 1184: 1182: 1162: 1117: 1111: 1033: 1025:Main articles: 1023: 1011:Boris Uspenskij 972: 966: 961: 958: 956: 954: 952: 950: 904:," 19th century 897: 887: 879:Main articles: 877: 821: 756:Mat Syra Zemlya 680: 663: 660: 616:Miracle of St. 596: 522:, Tobolsk, 1729 512: 494: 464:Russian culture 456: 451: 434: 403: 394:medieval Russia 372: 347: 323: 269:All Saints' Day 225: 221: 215:Basil the Great 206: 202: 161: 136: 106:present in the 17: 12: 11: 5: 6650: 6640: 6639: 6637:Folk Orthodoxy 6634: 6617: 6616: 6613: 6612: 6610: 6609: 6608: 6607: 6597: 6596: 6595: 6588:Saint Theodore 6585: 6584: 6583: 6573: 6568: 6567: 6566: 6556: 6555: 6554: 6544: 6543: 6542: 6537: 6527: 6526: 6525: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6504: 6503: 6493: 6487: 6485: 6481: 6480: 6478: 6477: 6472: 6470:Egg decoration 6467: 6462: 6456: 6454: 6447: 6445:Folk Orthodoxy 6441: 6440: 6438: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6421: 6419: 6413: 6412: 6407: 6405: 6401: 6400: 6395: 6394: 6387: 6380: 6372: 6363: 6362: 6356: 6353: 6352: 6350: 6349: 6344: 6338: 6336: 6335:Related topics 6332: 6331: 6329: 6328: 6323: 6317: 6315: 6311: 6310: 6308: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6296: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6235: 6229: 6227: 6223: 6222: 6219: 6218: 6216: 6215: 6214: 6213: 6203: 6202: 6201: 6194:Saint Theodore 6191: 6190: 6189: 6179: 6174: 6173: 6172: 6162: 6161: 6160: 6150: 6149: 6148: 6143: 6133: 6132: 6131: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6110: 6109: 6099: 6093: 6091: 6084: 6083: 6078: 6076:Egg decoration 6073: 6068: 6062: 6060: 6058:Folk practices 6054: 6053: 6051: 6050: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6027: 6021: 6015: 6008: 6006: 6000: 5999: 5997: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5970: 5968: 5964: 5963: 5961: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5934: 5932: 5926: 5925: 5923: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5906: 5904: 5900: 5899: 5897: 5896: 5891: 5885: 5883: 5879: 5878: 5876: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5834: 5832: 5828: 5827: 5825: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5778: 5776: 5775:Ritual figures 5772: 5771: 5768: 5767: 5765: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5689: 5684: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5664: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5464: 5462: 5458: 5457: 5455: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5378: 5376: 5372: 5371: 5369: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5342: 5340: 5333: 5327: 5326: 5324: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5231:Ivan Tsarevich 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5201:Đerzelez Alija 5198: 5193: 5188: 5182: 5180: 5174: 5173: 5171: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5149: 5147: 5143: 5142: 5140: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5112: 5100: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5051: 5039: 5033: 5031: 5029:Pseudo-deities 5025: 5024: 5022: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4979: 4973: 4971: 4967: 4966: 4964: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4906: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4783: 4778: 4776:Lada mythology 4773: 4768: 4763: 4747: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4714: 4712: 4706: 4705: 4698: 4697: 4690: 4683: 4675: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4662: 4656: 4654: 4650: 4649: 4647: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4625: 4624: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4606: 4604: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4586:Folk Orthodoxy 4582: 4580: 4576: 4575: 4568: 4567: 4560: 4553: 4545: 4539: 4538: 4532: 4517: 4515:on 2016-05-01. 4507: 4488: 4485: 4482: 4478: 4475: 4472: 4435: 4402: 4396: 4381: 4375: 4361: 4355: 4338: 4335: 4334: 4333: 4320: 4312:|journal= 4297:on 2013-08-16. 4289:Levin (2004). 4286: 4278:|journal= 4263:on 2014-05-25. 4245: 4225: 4211: 4196: 4182: 4168: 4153: 4147: 4134: 4128: 4115: 4109: 4096: 4090: 4074: 4062: 4056: 4039: 4033: 4020: 4008: 3993: 3987: 3974: 3934: 3928: 3915: 3909: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3880: 3862: 3832: 3818:(6): 112–120. 3802: 3790: 3778: 3766: 3742: 3710: 3696:. 2011-05-10. 3681: 3656: 3648:Emelyakh L. I. 3640: 3601: 3577: 3552: 3527: 3502: 3490: 3481: 3456: 3421: 3418:on 2016-05-01. 3410: 3386: 3374: 3341: 3318: 3292: 3272: 3247: 3194: 3174: 3142: 3128: 3108: 3088: 3068: 3066:, p. 405. 3053: 3051:, p. 399. 3038: 3026: 3024:, p. 398. 3011: 3002: 2993:|journal= 2955: 2946:|website= 2898: 2883: 2871: 2856: 2852:Bernshtam 1992 2844: 2842:, p. 110. 2832: 2828:Bernshtam 1992 2820: 2818:, p. 212. 2805: 2793: 2774: 2762: 2737: 2708: 2686: 2648: 2629: 2617: 2598: 2579: 2551: 2529: 2517: 2493: 2464: 2439: 2436:on 2015-01-01. 2425: 2397: 2385: 2374: 2370:Gordienko 1986 2362: 2358:Gordienko 1986 2350: 2325: 2310: 2295: 2278: 2256: 2243: 2231: 2218: 2201: 2189: 2147: 2118: 2109: 2094: 2074: 2060: 2048: 2035: 2021: 2014: 1993: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1981: 1980: 1974: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1943: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1909: 1906: 1870: 1867: 1853: 1850: 1846:Sacred History 1819:national cross 1758: 1755: 1743:Nikita Tolstoy 1698: 1695: 1674:Garden of Eden 1625: 1622: 1555: 1552: 1425:Main article: 1422: 1419: 1357: 1354: 1346:prophet Elijah 1328: 1327: 1308: 1306: 1288: 1277: 1276: 1255: 1253: 1235: 1179: 1156:Theodore Tiron 1137:Southern Slavs 1113:Main article: 1110: 1107: 1106: 1105: 1101: 1094: 1083: 1079: 1022: 1019: 970:Saint Nicholas 968:Main article: 965: 962: 949:Mother of God! 947: 876: 873: 820: 817: 770:mother goddess 679: 676: 658: 595: 592: 555: 554: 547: 540: 511: 508: 455: 452: 450: 447: 401:Nikita Tolstoy 322: 319: 253:All Souls' Day 242:Church Fathers 160: 157: 155:or paganism). 142:coexists with 135: 132: 34:Folk Orthodoxy 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6649: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6629: 6627: 6606: 6603: 6602: 6601: 6600:Saint Eustace 6598: 6594: 6591: 6590: 6589: 6586: 6582: 6579: 6578: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6565: 6562: 6561: 6560: 6559:Saint Vlasius 6557: 6553: 6552:Saint Nedelya 6550: 6549: 6548: 6545: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6532: 6531: 6528: 6524: 6521: 6520: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6502: 6499: 6498: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6491:Ognyena Maria 6489: 6488: 6486: 6482: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6457: 6455: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6442: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6430:Popular piety 6428: 6426: 6425:Haitian Vodou 6423: 6422: 6420: 6418: 6414: 6410: 6406: 6402: 6393: 6388: 6386: 6381: 6379: 6374: 6373: 6370: 6359: 6354: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6342:Book of Veles 6340: 6339: 6337: 6333: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6318: 6316: 6312: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6240: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6230: 6228: 6224: 6212: 6209: 6208: 6207: 6206:Saint Eustace 6204: 6200: 6197: 6196: 6195: 6192: 6188: 6185: 6184: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6171: 6168: 6167: 6166: 6165:Saint Vlasius 6163: 6159: 6158:Saint Nedelya 6156: 6155: 6154: 6151: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6138: 6137: 6134: 6130: 6127: 6126: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6108: 6105: 6104: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6097:Ognyena Maria 6095: 6094: 6092: 6088: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6063: 6061: 6059: 6055: 6049: 6046: 6043: 6040: 6037: 6034: 6031: 6028: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6016: 6013: 6010: 6009: 6007: 6005: 6001: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5971: 5969: 5965: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5935: 5933: 5931: 5927: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5910:Creation myth 5908: 5907: 5905: 5901: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5886: 5884: 5880: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5843:Bald Mountain 5841: 5839: 5836: 5835: 5833: 5829: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5779: 5777: 5773: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5572:Chervona Ruta 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5465: 5463: 5459: 5453: 5452:Water spirits 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5379: 5377: 5375:Place spirits 5373: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5343: 5341: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5328: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5266:Milan Toplica 5264: 5262: 5261:Mila Gojsalić 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5226:Ivan Kosančić 5224: 5222: 5221:Ilya Muromets 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5196:Damned Jerina 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5175: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5144: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5121: 5116: 5113: 5109: 5104: 5101: 5097: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5060: 5055: 5052: 5048: 5043: 5040: 5038: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5030: 5026: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4988: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4974: 4972: 4968: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4915: 4910: 4907: 4903: 4899: 4895: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4811:Lel and Polel 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4777: 4774: 4772: 4769: 4767: 4764: 4760: 4756: 4751: 4748: 4744: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4715: 4713: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4696: 4691: 4689: 4684: 4682: 4677: 4676: 4673: 4661: 4658: 4657: 4655: 4651: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4623: 4620: 4619: 4618: 4615: 4614: 4612: 4608: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4572:Folk religion 4566: 4561: 4559: 4554: 4552: 4547: 4546: 4543: 4535: 4533:5-85759-236-4 4529: 4525: 4524: 4518: 4514: 4510: 4508:5-85759-176-7 4504: 4500: 4496: 4495: 4489: 4486: 4483: 4479: 4476: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4449: 4445: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4412: 4408: 4403: 4399: 4393: 4389: 4388: 4382: 4378: 4372: 4368: 4367: 4362: 4358: 4352: 4348: 4347: 4341: 4340: 4330: 4326: 4321: 4317: 4304: 4296: 4292: 4287: 4283: 4270: 4259: 4251: 4246: 4236:on 2016-05-01 4235: 4231: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4214: 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Routledge. 4102: 4097: 4093: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4059: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4040: 4036: 4030: 4026: 4021: 4017: 4016: 4009: 4005: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3990: 3984: 3980: 3975: 3971: 3967: 3962: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3948: 3943: 3939: 3935: 3931: 3925: 3921: 3916: 3912: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3889: 3869: 3865: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3836: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3806: 3799: 3794: 3787: 3782: 3775: 3770: 3763: 3759: 3756: 3755: 3749: 3747: 3731: 3727: 3721: 3719: 3717: 3715: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3685: 3670: 3666: 3660: 3649: 3644: 3626: 3619: 3613: 3612:Alpatov M. V. 3605: 3597: 3592: 3590: 3581: 3574: 3570: 3569:5-7133-0703-4 3566: 3556: 3542:on 2016-03-04 3541: 3537: 3531: 3524: 3520: 3519:5-7133-0703-4 3516: 3506: 3499: 3494: 3485: 3479: 3475: 3474:5-7133-0703-4 3471: 3460: 3442: 3435: 3433: 3425: 3417: 3413: 3411:5-85759-176-7 3407: 3403: 3399: 3398: 3390: 3383: 3378: 3371: 3367: 3366:5-7133-0703-4 3363: 3352: 3350: 3348: 3346: 3339: 3338:5-93437-117-7 3335: 3327: 3322: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3293:5-04-004217-5 3289: 3285: 3284: 3276: 3262:on 2012-05-11 3261: 3257: 3251: 3243: 3236: 3224: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3195:5-699-13535-9 3191: 3187: 3186: 3178: 3170: 3164: 3156: 3152: 3146: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3125: 3121: 3118: 3112: 3106: 3105:5-7133-0982-7 3102: 3092: 3083: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3075: 3073: 3065: 3060: 3058: 3050: 3045: 3043: 3035: 3030: 3023: 3018: 3016: 3006: 2998: 2985: 2970: 2966: 2959: 2951: 2939: 2924: 2920: 2919: 2911: 2909: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2894: 2887: 2880: 2875: 2869:, p. 15. 2868: 2863: 2861: 2854:, p. 44. 2853: 2848: 2841: 2836: 2830:, p. 35. 2829: 2824: 2817: 2812: 2810: 2803:, p. 31. 2802: 2801:Tultseva 1978 2797: 2790: 2786: 2783: 2778: 2771: 2766: 2752:on 2013-10-12 2751: 2747: 2741: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2712: 2705: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2690: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2652: 2641: 2636: 2634: 2627:, p. 33. 2626: 2625:Tultseva 1978 2621: 2614: 2610: 2607: 2602: 2596:, p. 32. 2595: 2594:Tultseva 1978 2590: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2576: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2565: 2564:Mayzuls M. R. 2561: 2560:Antonov D. 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Л. 3064:Belova 1999 3049:Belova 2004 3034:Belova 2004 3022:Belova 2004 2770:Sovremennik 2721:historic.ru 2664:(15): 128. 2291:Ancient Rus 2069:"Dvoeverie" 1949: [ 1937: [ 1859:etiological 1837: [ 1746: [ 1733: [ 1722: [ 1650:Saint Helen 1544: [ 1533: [ 1366:Veles (god) 1312:Translation 1259:Translation 1219: [ 1208: [ 1163: [ 1070:(see also: 1049:thunderbolt 898: [ 782:Reformation 778:Renaissance 678:Ethnography 510:The Trinity 495: [ 460:mythopoetic 435: [ 404: [ 399:Folklorist 373: [ 368:Folklorist 348: [ 169:Middle Ages 6626:Categories 6571:Maslenitsa 6540:Uastyrdzhi 6475:Martenitsa 6300:Roerichism 6283:Sylenkoism 6258:Kandybaism 6243:Authentism 6177:Maslenitsa 6146:Uastyrdzhi 6081:Martenitsa 6048:Bogomilism 5967:Literature 5817:Maslenitsa 5782:Baba Marta 5732:Tintilinić 5682:Rozhanitsy 5657:Povitrulya 5622:Likhoradka 5538:Chuhaister 5508:Black Arab 5014:Rozhanitsy 4999:Mat Zemlya 4926:Svarozhits 4723:Chernoglav 4601:Folk saint 4331:(2): 6–18. 4240:2023-03-29 4015:Mythologie 3874:2023-03-28 3826:2021-10-20 3736:2023-03-29 3704:2023-03-29 3675:2023-03-29 3634:2023-03-29 3596:Wikisource 3546:2023-03-29 3450:2023-03-29 3432:Voropay O. 3312:2023-03-29 3266:2023-03-29 3214:2023-03-28 2975:2023-03-29 2929:2023-03-28 2756:2023-03-29 2731:2023-03-29 2680:2023-03-29 2525:Levin 2004 2511:2023-03-29 2487:2023-03-29 2458:2023-03-29 2393:Levin 2004 2344:2023-03-29 2289:, vol. 1 ( 2239:Levin 2004 2212:. Moscow: 2141:2021-10-20 2056:Levin 2004 1984:References 1830:Likhoradka 1786:Our Father 1666:Belarusian 1654:Saint Mary 1482:, and the 1472:omophorion 1415:Maslenitsa 1360:See also: 1271:we banish, 1205:Green Yuri 935:Mat Zemlya 927:apocryphal 829:fairy tale 784:, nor the 780:, nor the 748:Rozhanitsy 736:mnogoverie 692:Maslenitsa 472:East Slavs 420:skomorokhs 314:Svarozhich 277:Great Lent 234:Lupercalia 226: 410 224: – c. 222: 350 207: 410 205: – c. 203: 350 159:Dual faith 124:feast days 6581:Donbettyr 6453:Practices 6253:Ivanovism 6248:Bazhovism 6187:Donbettyr 6042:Pomerania 5953:Ukrainian 5868:Lukomorye 5677:Raskovnik 5652:Płanetnik 5563:Dziwożona 5498:Berehynia 5488:Baš Čelik 5478:Baba Yaga 5311:Svyatogor 5168:Shamanism 5037:Chislobog 4874:Perperuna 4864:Rugiaevit 4596:Mormonism 3970:1408-6271 3233:ignored ( 3223:cite book 3163:cite book 2948:ignored ( 2938:cite book 2840:Rock 2007 2670:1999-7116 2506:slavya.ru 2167: // 2104:619443480 1989:Footnotes 1977:Kourbania 1586:not to do 1574:Kiriakiya 1514:Ukrainian 1457:Theotokos 1269:Baba Yaga 1144:Mitrovdan 1123:The icon 1098:Banatgers 1087:dessiatin 881:Theotokos 875:Theotokos 837:Theotokos 765:Theotokos 732:dvoeverie 728:dvoeverie 719:dvoeverie 711:Ukrainian 707:dvoeverie 635:peasantry 572:Pentecost 476:Dvoeverie 454:Formation 416:Byzantium 412:troeverie 359:monograph 321:Criticism 308:, and in 261:Halloween 236:. In the 173:Dvoeverie 165:dvoeverie 67:romanized 58:Bulgarian 47:romanized 6465:Zagovory 6071:Zagovory 6018:Bulgaria 5930:Folklore 5812:Marzanna 5807:Kostroma 5762:Werewolf 5737:Topielec 5702:Shishiga 5692:Samodiva 5647:Nocnitsa 5607:Koshchei 5602:Karzełek 5577:Firebird 5533:Chernava 5513:Błędnica 5473:Alkonost 5461:Entities 5442:Vodyanoy 5402:Dvorovoy 5387:Bolotnik 5356:Kikimora 5351:Drekavac 5191:Burislav 4931:Svetovit 4869:Pereplut 4854:Radegast 4850:or Prone 4221:32988664 4178:32988664 4080:(1985). 3940:(2014). 3899:(1822). 3868:Archived 3820:Archived 3730:Archived 3698:Archived 3625:Archived 3441:Archived 3306:Archived 3302:49570715 3208:Archived 3204:70216827 3153:(1997). 3120:Archived 2969:Archived 2923:Archived 2785:Archived 2725:Archived 2700:Archived 2674:Archived 2615:pp=57–58 2609:Archived 2571:Archived 2543:Archived 2481:Archived 2267:Archived 2175: — 2161:Archived 2135:Archived 1908:See also 1811:talisman 1807:Zagovory 1778:Trebniks 1522:bylichka 1396:Licinius 1292:Original 1239:Original 1175:Macarius 1060:bogomils 1056:biblical 1051:saint." 929:source. 919:Zagovory 812:Marzanna 715:dvovirya 696:Belgorod 688:Marzanna 659:— 273:Carnival 134:Overview 6535:Dazhbog 6523:Uacilla 6404:General 6321:Fantasy 6293:Ynglism 6141:Dazhbog 6129:Uacilla 6024:Bohemia 6012:Moravia 5948:Serbian 5943:Russian 5903:Beliefs 5882:Objects 5797:Koliada 5722:Stricha 5712:Strzyga 5687:Rusalka 5672:Rahmans 5662:Psoglav 5597:Ispolin 5587:Gamayun 5558:Dukljan 5543:Cikavac 5528:Bukavac 5523:Boginki 5437:Polevik 5432:Ovinnik 5427:Moryana 5397:Domovoy 5276:Misizla 5132:Voloska 5103:Pogvizd 5004:Moryana 4994:Koliada 4946:Yarovit 4936:Triglav 4884:Stribog 4879:Simargl 4836:Porevit 4831:Porenut 4791:Pizamar 4771:Kresnik 4728:Dazhbog 4710:Deities 3575:page 25 3525:page 22 1902:Ukraine 1895:itseism 1834:Ladanka 1597:nyadzel 1496:domovyi 1484:Mermaid 1453:Mokoshi 1404:Serbian 1350:Plovdiv 1342:Petrich 1227:Pomurje 1148:Dazhbog 1072:bogatyr 853:Vlasius 794:Koliada 703:Russian 670:In the 528:Trinity 428:koliada 310:fairies 306:Simargl 275:before 211:calends 92:Latvian 78:Serbian 69:: 49:: 38:Russian 6358:Notes: 6038:(980s) 6032:(960s) 6030:Poland 6026:(880s) 6020:(860s) 6014:(830s) 5979:Bylina 5958:Polish 5863:Kitezh 5838:Alatyr 5822:Jarilo 5802:Kupala 5787:German 5752:Zduhać 5727:Sudice 5717:Stuhać 5707:Skrzak 5637:Molfar 5632:Meduza 5612:Krsnik 5592:Indrik 5582:Gagana 5447:Shubin 5417:Boruta 5382:Bannik 5291:Popiel 5251:Libuše 5163:Zhrets 5158:Volkhv 5153:Vedmak 5115:Troyan 5081:Kupala 4921:Svarog 4889:Pogoda 4826:Podaga 4801:Hennil 4796:Yarilo 4786:Mokosh 4781:Morana 4750:Diviya 4733:Devana 4530: 4505: 4394: 4373: 4353: 4219: 4209: 4176: 4166: 4145: 4126: 4107: 4088: 4054: 4031: 3985: 3968: 3926: 3907: 3860: 3591: 3567: 3517: 3472: 3408: 3364: 3336: 3300: 3290: 3202: 3192: 3103: 2668: 2423: 2415:] 2183: 2102: 2092: 2012: 1815:amulet 1684:Gutsul 1566:Sunday 1500:kimora 1463:, and 1449:Friday 1027:Elijah 1015:Velesa 923:spells 921:, and 867:, and 861:Kasian 833:legend 809:, and 806:Kupala 800:Yarilo 752:Osiris 639:clergy 504:Rusali 426:, and 338:Mokosh 302:Mokosh 298:Khorsa 294:Peruna 265:Celtic 6605:Apsat 6593:Tutyr 6564:Veles 6513:Veles 6484:Cults 6211:Apsat 6199:Tutyr 6170:Veles 6119:Veles 5938:Czech 5873:Vyraj 5848:Buyan 5747:Vesna 5697:Sirin 5667:Raróg 5617:Likho 5548:Chort 5483:Babay 5412:Leshy 5366:Upiór 5361:Mavka 5301:Sadko 5137:Yesha 5127:Vesna 5122:] 5110:] 5098:] 5091:Lelya 5076:Krodo 5071:Flins 5061:] 5049:] 5019:Zorya 4989:] 4961:Żywie 4956:Zorya 4951:Zhiva 4941:Veles 4916:] 4904:] 4848:] 4841:Prove 4821:Perun 4766:Khors 4761:] 4745:] 4497:[ 4261:(PDF) 4254:(PDF) 4192:(PDF) 3628:(PDF) 3621:(PDF) 3444:(PDF) 3437:(PDF) 3400:[ 3384:p=168 2434:(PDF) 2417:(PDF) 2411:[ 1953:] 1941:] 1841:] 1826:fever 1782:Psalm 1750:] 1737:] 1726:] 1708:Perun 1662:Šokci 1630:Peter 1584:from 1548:] 1537:] 1480:Death 1435:Icon 1389:Volos 1223:] 1212:] 1167:] 1158:(see 902:] 690:, on 650:kudes 643:magic 614:Icon 518:Icon 499:] 439:] 408:] 377:] 352:] 186:. 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