893:, brother of Alexander's former nanny, Hellanike. Alexander fights with great bravery, and interacts personally with the soldiers, earning their admiration. After the fall of the fort, he rescues a woman whose baby has been murdered, and whom Kassandros was attempting to rape. In an ensuing fight, the woman nearly kills Kassandros, and he is packed off home in disgrace. Alexander visits his boyhood friend, the former Thracian hostage Lambaros, on the return trip.
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son, Alexander. Alexander goes along with the wedding until
Attalos prays that his niece will produce a "lawful, true-born heir" which Alexander takes as an insult and threat. He hurls a cup at Attalos' head, a huge offence against a host, then goes with his mother into exile in her native Epirus. Along the route of their flight, they take refuge at the house of Pausanias' wife. In Epirus, Alexander consults the oracle of
223:
408:– Macedon's neighbour to the west. Epiros is presented as a well-run, prosperous region in alliance with Macedon. It is the homeland of Olympias, who is daughter and sister of two of its successive kings. The marriage of Olympias to Philip as his chief wife ensures that Epiros remains friendly to Macedon, so that Philip can concentrate his army on northern, southern, and eastern expansion.
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feel frustration at how little control over her life she has in comparison to
Alexander. Queen Olympias is more active, a power player at the Macedonian court and in Alexander's life, but a markedly unsympathetic character: an affectionate mother to Alexander, but manipulative, unstable, and - through her enthusiastic participation in Dionysiac ritual as imagined by Renault - homicidal.
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Philip has brought up mention of his former rape again, although he had promised never to do so. The internal divisions of the family begin to spread out into the network of diplomats and spies working against Philip in occupied lands. Olympias hints at a new intrigue she has developed to bolster her position, but, fearful of Philip's retribution, Alexander refuses to hear it.
1024:, the chief of Philip's bodyguard. Alexander is shocked that his father is insulting Pausanias by making him stay the night at the home of his former rapist, but Ptolemy points out that the king has much else to think about and has probably put the event long out of mind. Pausanias does not eat or drink the entire time they are lodged at the home of Attalos.
420:– though it is never visited in the novel, Phocis serves as the pretext for Philip to become involved in the military disputes of southern Greece. Phocis' sacrilegious cultivation of fields meant to be reserved as holy land (and the resulting wealth which threatens their neighbours) is the impetus for the
414:– though it is never visited in the novel, Persia is a looming presence affecting everything that happens in Macedon and its neighbors. It is the eventual goal of both Alexander and Philip to conquer Persia and its Great King. Persia is the old enemy invader of Greece and a land of fabled, opulent wealth.
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Daniel
Mendelsohn praises Mary Renault's transliteration of proper Greek names with 'k' rather than 'c' - Kleopatra, Boukephalas - as a stylistic choice which makes her writing more closely resemble ancient Greek script. He writes that it 'gives her pages just the right, spiky Greek look. As a result
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is typical. The two major female characters are
Kleopatra (Alexander's sister) and Queen Olympias (Alexander's mother). Kleopatra's role is largely passive: Alexander has affection for her, but is not influenced by her, and Kleopatra has little control over her future - although Renault has Kleopatra
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Alexander and
Hephaestion both look ahead to the planned invasion of Asia, reasoning that if Alexander fights well for Philip, he will get back in his good graces. And if Philip dies in battle, then the best center of power will be with the mass of the army. Alexander plans to murder Attalos in Asia.
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Attalos gains another enemy in
Olympias when it is announced that Philip will be marrying Attalos' niece. The marriage threatens Olympias even more than Philip's previous marriages because a son born to this wife would be completely Macedonian, and might be considered a better heir than Olympias' own
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Fed up with
Olympias, Philip makes plans to marry her daughter, Kleopatra, off to Olympias' brother, the current king of Epirus. This will allow Philip to divorce Olympias while still retaining a marriage bond to the king of Epirus. About the same time, captain of the bodyguard Pausanias learns that
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on the mountaintop, although it is forbidden, and sees his mother murder Gorgo in her role as priestess of
Dionysos. Sick with shame for having watched something forbidden, Alexander reasons that his mother has the right to wage war in the way of women just as his father does in the way of men, and
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in front of the assembled chiefs at the horse fair. He re-meets
Hephaestion (who he had first met six years previous) and is smitten. Alexander realizes that while talking with Hephaestion, he had forgotten all about running to tell the news of the new horse to his mother, the first time this has
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The novel has been criticised as an overly romanticised and sanitised portrait of
Alexander, who is shown as exceptionally athletic, beautiful, charismatic, and talented, as well as relatively compassionate for his time. Renault's portrayal of Alexander's society, however, has been noted for its
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concerning his invasion of Asia and receives the seemingly positive response, "Wreathed is the bull for the altar, the end fulfilled. And the slayer too is ready." Lavish floats of gods and goddesses are built to parade into the theatre where the wedding celebration will take place, with Philip
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As regent, Alexander practices military skills himself and studiously trains the soldiers left to him, making them ready when he puts down a rebellion in Thrace. He is aided by his childhood friend, Lambaros, who knows the local terrain. Upon driving off the rebels, Alexander founds the city of
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from home. He joins a soldier on leave in a tribal feud in the uplands of Macedon, making his first murder in battle and carrying the head of the victim back to prove his manhood to his father. Alexander refuses to claim the head of a second kill because the face reminds him of his father.
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When he learns that Alexander has gone behind his back, Philip exiles several of the men who helped in the plot, including Ptolemy, whom Philip acknowledges to be his biological son. Hephaestion is not exiled, but is threatened with death if Alexander ever again commits an act seen as
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historical accuracy and sound scholarship in "dealing realistically but unsensationally with the life and mores of the Hellenic world..." Gene Lyons noted in the New York Times Book Review, that, "As a historical novelist writing about the ancient world, Mary Renault has few peers."
463:. She is portrayed as a strong-willed survivor who uses emotional blackmail and a system of spies to protect her interests against her all-powerful husband. Through the novel, Alexander's relationship towards his mother changes from unswerving devotion to a more restrained loyalty.
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As Pausanias helps Philip from his horse, he stabs the king, then is cut down himself by other guardsmen. Everyone in the crowd, except Olympias, panics and flees the theatre. It is hinted that she and Antipatros may have been privy to the assassination. The float holding
969:, and wanting his mother off his back, Alexander has sex with her. The next morning he sends the woman back to his mother with an expensive pin which Olympias had told Alexander to save for his bride someday, and the message that from now on he will choose his own lovers.
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said that both her "contemporary and the Greek novels feature unsettling depictions of bad marriages and, particularly, of nightmarishly passive-aggressive wives and mothers." Renault's unsympathetic mother characters have attracted particular attention. In this respect
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have been given pardons and will be returning from exile in Macedon. Alexander entertains and questions the envoys who have come to bring them back, gaining useful military information because the amused envoys tell a child more than they would an adult. Alexander also
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that Olympias has actually killed far fewer people than Philip. Hephaestion comforts Alexander after the shock, and is relieved that Alexander did not have sex with any of the women returning from the mountain rites, as many of their friends did.
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as a lover, but then had moved on to someone else. Pausanias had insulted the new lover in jealousy, leading the new lover to be foolishly brave in battle to try to prove himself, and resulting in his death. To get back at Pausanias, the general
493:– Athenian political orator, diplomat, and soldier, portrayed as arrogant, selfish, and venal (The strongly negative portrayal of Demosthenes in the novel has been one of the main criticisms leveled against it). Demosthenes is the most visible
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and then joins his father against Perinthos. There, he saves his father's life but Philip, ashamed, pretends to have been unconscious and to not remember it, losing some of the loyalty he had earned from Alexander in their shared battle plans.
811:, a friend of the dead man, had got Pausanias drunk and let the stable grooms gang rape him. Philip had promoted Pausanias to captain of the royal bodyguard to try to make it up to him, but had not punished Attalos, who was good general.
557:, and into his mother's room to return it. The relationship between Alexander and Olympias is portrayed as affectionate and intimate, but he is already aware at a young age that she lies to her husband, Alexander's purported father,
523:– One of Phliip's generals. Early in the novel he attacks Pausanias as part of a romantic quarrel of honor. Later in the novel, he makes a bid for power by trying to replace Olympias with his own niece as mother of the next king.
295:, and Alexander's growing prowess as a soldier during his father's conquest of the Greek states. As a novel concerned with Alexander's youth, it does not deal with his conquest of the Persian Empire beyond foreshadowing.
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Renault's portrayal of the demagogue Demosthenes has been observed to be unusually unsympathetic. Typically regarded as one of the great Athenian orators, Renault's Demosthenes is cowardly, self-interested and vengeful.
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son of a minor wife, off to the daughter of a ruler on the edge of the Persian Empire. Convinced that the prestigious marriage is meant as a slight to him, Alexander proposes himself to the foreign ruler as an alternate
449:. A central theme of the novel is whether Philip, who is often portrayed as arrogant, brutish, and crass, deserves the loyalty and love of Alexander. This is often tied to whether or not Philip is also Alexander's
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Returned to the palace, Alexander is given his own retinue of young men-at-arms. At a yearly horse fair, when Alexander is away from them looking at horses, the group gossips that King Philip had taken the guard
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are supposed to appear on stage. In the gossiping crowd afterward, Alexander slashes the leg of a man who he hears insulting his mother. To atone for attacking someone without warning, Alexander sacrifices to
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Alexander learns eagerly from his tutors, and bemoans the fact that he must sleep when there is so much he wants to do. His music teacher, Epikrates, encourages him to perform due to his great skill on the
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at a party, but goes no further than kissing her gently. His mother then has a young woman smuggled into his room at night. Realising that the woman will be punished if she does not prove she has lost her
900:, a friend of Aristotle and loyal ally of Macedon, under arrest in Persia. Aristotle refers to all Persians as barbarians in anger, an insult which Alexander refuses to believe. Meanwhile, Philip deposes
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in Olympias. In retaliation, Olympias appears on stage in a celebratory play, something which is allowed her as a priestess of Dionysos, god of theatre, but is still considered wildly shocking since
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The next spring, Alexander and Hephaestion finally have sex. It is something which Hephaestion has been longing for, but it leaves Alexander distant because, like sleep, it reminds him that he is
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to Heracles at a rite and is told by his great-uncle Leonidas not to be so wasteful of Persian riches until he is master of the lands where they grow, a sentiment which Alexander takes to heart.
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furor surrounding the Dionysia, Alexander flirts with a serving woman, Gorgo, but later comes upon his father having sex with her. On the day of the festival, he watches the secret rites of the
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Alexander, mistaking him for a slave. Alexander is revenged when he reveals himself as Philip's heir just as Demosthenes is about to speak. Demosthenes is also humiliated because his speech is
283:, and closes with the immediate aftermath of his father's assassination at Aegae, the event which led Alexander to assume power. The novel deals with the relationship between Philip and Queen
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Foreign agents convince Pausanias that Alexander agrees to a plot involving the captain of the guard by making a copy of one of Alexander's rings and using it as a token of agreement.
356:– Macedon's neighbor to the northeast. Thrace is presented as a wild, remote region which Philip's soldiers have occupied. Even more so than Macedon, Thrace remains a rough land of
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The novel begins with the memorable opening line, "The child was wakened by the knotting of the snake's coils about his waist." Alexander is four years old and his younger sister
517:– Olympias' uncle and Alexander's great-uncle. Leonidas serves as regent of Macedon during one of Philip's absences and seeks to toughen Alexander into an obedient, hard soldier.
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of its inhabitants. Thrace is where Alexander first exhibits his military bravery and leadership, and where he and Hephaestion are hardened to the gruesome realities of
1109:, goddess of love, is toppled in the panic. Alexander takes control of the guard, setting himself in position to claim the throne by the next novel in the series,
878:, whom Alexander does not like, but he must be included because he is the heir of the loyal regent Antipatros. At one point, they watch a play about Achilles and
835:. When they are hiding out together on a rooftop, Alexander convinces Hephaestion to climb to a dangerously high pinnacle. Hephaestion, who has become completely
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Meanwhile, Philip invites dignitaries from all over Greece for the lavish wedding of his daughter Kleopatra to Alexandros of Epirus. He sends for an oracle from
392:– site of a massive battle which decides whether Philip's military hegemony will be able to spread into the more culturally advanced states of southern Greece.
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On his return to the capital, Alexander is pressured by his mother, who is jealous of Hephaestion's influence, to engage in heterosexuality. He is kind to a
398:– a former Macedonian ally to the east which wavers in its support and is invaded by Philip. It is here that Alexander and Philip bond over a shared love of
1614:
529:– Loyal regent during one of Philip's absences, Antipatros helps train Alexander in the civic demands of state administration. He is also the father of
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Alexander befriends a young Thracian, Lambaros, living at the court as a hostage, despite the snobbery which the other Macedonians display toward him.
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when he's old enough, but the guard warns that it would be a sin, and tells Alexander that being abused will toughen him up for the aristocratic male
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1197:
1659:
1048:, Alexander and Olympias return to Macedon, but there is now a clear faction which supports them, and a second faction which supports Attalos.
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in charge as regent, and entrusts him with finding tutors for Alexander, who is now seven years old and considered ready to begin training for
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of this minute attention to stylistic detail, the novels can give the impression of having been translated from some lost Greek original.'
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is recognised. Alexander represents Philip in Athens, where he is insulted when someone tries to offer him service from an enslaved
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that Ptolemy is also the son of Philip, but Ptolemy explains to Alexander why this should not be repeated, as Ptolemy's mother is
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346:– site of a school for Alexander and the other sons of important Macedonian military leaders. Mieza is presented as a sort of
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The final sequence of Chapter One ends with Alexander allowed to join his mother in a women's rite dedicated to the god
199:" of 1970, "a contest delayed by 40 years because a reshuffling of the fledgeling competition's rules", but lost out to
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258:
147:
20:
989:, he questions his mother as to who is his biological father, but the novel leaves the answer a secret. Athens and
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Alexander's family is further revealed when, three years later, he goes on a horse ride with a soldier he admires,
382:. It still, however, retains an aura of great respect for both Alexander and Philip as the birthplace of Greece's
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near a waterfall, and is presented as the site of many important character shifts, such as loss of virginity,
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328:– the closing scene of the novel, the old capital of Macedon, located higher in the mountains. It features a
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Renault is sometimes criticised for writing female characters who are either helpless or ruthless, or both.
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of Philip, later elevated to captain of the bodyguards as compensation for a humiliating attack by a rival.
1634:
1619:
793:, but Philip publicly humiliates Alexander for being too good a musician. Epikrates resigns, and Alexander
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311:
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After some time at the school at Mieza, Alexander and his closest comrades are called to join Philip in
866:. Among the comrades are Hephaestion, who is now accepted as Alexander's "shadow" by everyone, Ptolemy,
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1452:
1207:
761:, because they are afraid of his increasing power spreading into southern Greece. Chief among them is
435:– The central character of the novel, followed from the age of 4 until his taking power over Macedon.
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592:. Phililp throws Alexander from the room, where he is comforted by a guard. Alexander claims he will
753:, has the kind of looks which Philip appreciates in lovers. Philip is preparing to hear envoys from
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Alexander is ten years old. Going to meet with his father, he notes that his father's newest guard,
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are destroyed, with Alexander's courage and tactical skill making him a hero to the army. Philip's
915:. His mother is jealous that Alexander and Philip have now bonded through their common passion for
703:
706:. In his mind, Alexander equates his father with Achilles' military colleague but personal enemy,
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place of refuge from the wider politics of Macedon, a place of comradeship, learning, and love.
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1077:. Thettalos is brought before Philip in chains, and Alexander is forced to plead for his life.
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with the handsome youth who attends the envoys, and later dreams of riding off with him to see
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374:– Macedon's antagonistic neighbor to the south. Athens is represented in the novel as past its
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1101:. Feeling on top of the world, Philip decides to enter the stadium without his guards.
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514:
1052:, one of the young men in Alexander's circle, is recruited by his father, the general
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killing snakes as a baby, starting a lifelong fascination with Heracles in Alexander.
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1371:
1361:
1308:
1148:
1036:, and is given the answer of "yes" to two questions which the novel leaves a secret.
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Philip decides that southern Greece must be invaded. Alexander is put in charge of a
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1005:. His blood brother and friend Ptolemy, however, takes up with the Athenian hetaira
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Returning to the stables, Alexander sees horses dressed in the dazzling wealth of
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happened when he had big news to tell. Alexander burns a great deal of Persian
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Back at school, the young men are shocked to hear of the torture and death of
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than Philip. To overcome Alexander's great disappointment, Ptolemy becomes a
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329:
206:
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291:, Alexander's sexuality and relationship with his friend and future General
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862:, who sets up a school for Alexander and the sons of Philip's generals at
843:, realizing that a relationship with Alexander will always involve danger.
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ally against Philip. Sparta remains uninvolved. The Athenian army and the
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Orientalism and the Reception of Powerful Women from the Ancient World
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and Alexander's changing loyalties to them, Alexander's tuition under
1134:(1972), dealing with Alexander's conquest of the Persian Empire, and
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1017:
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On the way back to Pella, Philip's entourage stays at the castle of
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882:, which further inspires the bond between Alexander and Hephaestion.
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and Alexander saves Philip's life during an attempted insurrection.
1180:"Author waits to hear if she has won lost Booker prize 40 years on"
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is still in a cradle. The snake which encircles him is a semi-tame
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begins with Alexander as a young child in the court of his father,
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1006:
469:– Teenaged friend of Alexander who becomes his unswervingly loyal
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This article is about the Mary Renault novel. For other uses, see
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through the secret negotiations of Thettalos, an admiring actor.
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Alexander is nearly 15 and is studying the military histories of
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511:, who provides him emotional solace and imaginative inspiration.
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is spent and where most of the central relationships are formed.
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and murdering a man. The guard also tells Alexander the tale of
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1231:"Beyond Renault: Alexander the Great in Fiction: Mary Renault"
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Alexander shows amazing courage and skill in taming the horse
694:. Conditions are somewhat alleviated by an old family friend,
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of Olympias. Olympias responds with mockery of Philip's other
1032:, under the auspices of three priestesses reminiscent of the
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by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise.
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in Thebes, and the insinuation that Alexander is in fact
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as regent of Macedon. Alexander receives his new tutor,
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Philip, who had been heard earlier singing and yelling
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Carlà-Uhink, Filippo; Wieber, Anja (6 February 2020).
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who has escaped from the room of Alexander's mother,
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after murdering a group of impudent Persian envoys.
1416:"A Life-Changing Correspondence with Mary Renault"
1390:"A Life-Changing Correspondence with Mary Renault"
1329:"A Life-Changing Correspondence with Mary Renault"
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1140:(1981), depicting the consequences of his death.
907:Alexander's family is reunited at the springtime
686:lifestyle and the tutors try to tame Alexander's
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985:to make the southern Greeks unprepared. Back at
185:. It reportedly was a major inspiration for the
1016:, the general who had years before planned the
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1360:. London: Chatto & Windus. p. 166.
720:Philip returns from war, bringing crowds of
314:. Pella is presented as a place of constant
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1198:"'Lost Booker' for Irish writer JG Farrell"
839:, likens Alexander to Zeus, and himself to
1615:Cultural depictions of Alexander the Great
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259:Learn how and when to remove this message
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850:, Olympias' brother, as the new king of
724:with him. He also marries a woman from
717:, although it is brief and they argue.
533:, who is a minor villain in the story.
445:. Alexander and Philip have an intense
1660:Cultural depictions of Ptolemy I Soter
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658:because Alexander has not yet reached
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713:Alexander has his first meeting with
16:1969 historical novel by Mary Renault
889:a fort. A military escort is led by
338:transformative religious experiences
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1119:Literary significance and criticism
682:. Leonidas forces Alexander into a
553:. Alexander sneaks past his nanny,
360:warlords. It is noted for the blue
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1277:"Julie Mullard & Mary Renault"
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441:– King of Macedon and Alexander's
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306:– the opening scene of the novel,
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195:. The book was nominated for the "
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1258:"MARY RENAULT, NOVELIST, IS DEAD"
1256:Krebs, Albin (14 December 1983).
728:to seal an alliance, causing mad
615:. Alexander has heard around the
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181:about the childhood and youth of
21:Fire from Heaven (disambiguation)
1650:Novels set in the 4th century BC
1281:Elisa - My reviews and Ramblings
1275:elisa_rolle (4 September 2015).
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674:, he puts Olympias' cold uncle,
670:When Philip goes to war against
459:– Alexander mother and Philip's
234:too long or excessively detailed
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1357:Mary Renault : a biography
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1128:was followed by two sequels,
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1625:Novels set in ancient Greece
1178:Hoyle, Ben (26 March 2010).
230:This article's plot summary
7:
1630:Novels with bisexual themes
590:not Philip's biological son
497:against Philip's drive for
10:
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1208:Independent News and Media
318:. It is where Alexander's
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1307:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
1044:Through the mediation of
846:Philip leaves to install
638:who rebelled against the
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1354:Sweetman, David (1993).
1062:developmentally disabled
621:married to someone other
1587:The Nature of Alexander
696:Lysimachus of Acarnania
1610:Novels by Mary Renault
954:Alexandropolis Maedica
447:love-hate relationship
1528:The Bull from the Sea
1203:The Belfast Telegraph
995:Sacred Band of Thebes
634:. He learns that two
197:Lost Man Booker Prize
1645:Novels about royalty
1640:Pantheon Books books
1512:The Last of the Wine
1477:Contemporary fiction
1229:Reames, Dr. Jeanne.
1022:Pausanias of Orestis
854:, placing the loyal
804:Pausanias of Orestis
751:Pausanias of Orestis
1635:1969 British novels
1620:British LGBT novels
1097:in addition to the
919:. Caught up in the
898:Hermias of Atarneus
586:period as a hostage
316:political struggles
183:Alexander the Great
75:Alexander the Great
40:First edition, 1969
30:
1536:The Mask of Apollo
1504:Historical fiction
1422:. 31 December 2012
1396:. 31 December 2012
1335:. 31 December 2012
1262:The New York Times
773:by another envoy,
765:, who attempts to
676:Leonidas of Epirus
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1655:1960s LGBT novels
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1560:The Praise Singer
1520:The King Must Die
1314:978-1-350-05012-9
1149:Daniel Mendelsohn
594:murder his father
451:biological father
281:Philip of Macedon
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110:Publication place
56:Cover artist
29:Fire from Heaven
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1154:Fire from Heaven
1126:Fire From Heaven
1099:Twelve Olympians
702:and himself as
598:rites of passage
422:Third Sacred War
400:military tactics
277:Fire from Heaven
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1568:Funeral Games
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1040:Chapter Eight
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1470:Mary Renault
1424:. Retrieved
1419:
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1398:. Retrieved
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1337:. Retrieved
1332:
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1284:. Retrieved
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1239:. Retrieved
1235:the original
1224:
1212:. Retrieved
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827:Chapter Five
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578:verbal abuse
572:in the main
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213:Plot summary
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187:Oliver Stone
179:Mary Renault
169:
168:
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50:Mary Renault
25:
1579:Non-fiction
1095:named a god
932:Chapter Six
904:of Thrace.
771:plagiarized
763:Demosthenes
715:Hephaestion
688:imagination
666:Chapter Two
547:house snake
537:Chapter One
491:Demosthenes
467:Hephaestion
293:Hephaistion
249:August 2016
1604:Categories
1426:31 January
1400:31 January
1339:31 January
1286:31 January
1241:16 January
1165:References
1075:treasonous
1067:bridegroom
1003:sex worker
876:Kassandros
856:Antipatros
848:Alexandros
837:infatuated
816:Bucephalus
672:Chalkidike
649:Persepolis
640:Great King
627:with him.
531:Kassandros
527:Antipatros
495:antagonist
461:chief wife
380:demagogues
376:glory days
173:is a 1969
59:Karl Leabo
1468:Works by
1186:. London.
1184:The Times
1107:Aphrodite
1058:Arridaios
1054:Parmenion
1046:Demaratos
1018:gang rape
967:virginity
946:Byzantion
942:Perinthos
887:besieging
880:Patroclus
860:Aristotle
795:runs away
775:Aeschines
708:Agamemnon
602:wild boar
570:drunkenly
555:Hellanike
543:Kleopatra
509:pedagogue
481:Bodyguard
477:Pausanias
433:Alexander
396:Perinthos
390:Chaeronea
320:childhood
289:Aristotle
192:Alexander
127:Paperback
105:June 1969
90:Publisher
1376:27974174
1050:Philotas
999:hegemony
981:against
909:Dionysia
872:Philotas
868:Harpalos
833:Xenophon
734:only men
730:jealousy
700:Achilles
656:Dionysus
617:barracks
606:Heracles
551:Olympias
515:Leonidas
457:Olympias
348:Arcadian
330:fortress
285:Olympias
202:Troubles
123:Hardback
64:Language
1014:Attalos
983:Illyria
962:hetaira
891:Kleitos
821:incense
809:Attalos
791:cithara
704:Phoinix
684:Spartan
680:manhood
660:puberty
613:Ptolemy
563:Macedon
521:Attalos
505:Phoinix
362:tattoos
358:feuding
312:Macedon
239:Please
232:may be
121:Print (
67:English
1590:(1975)
1571:(1981)
1563:(1978)
1555:(1972)
1547:(1969)
1539:(1966)
1531:(1962)
1523:(1958)
1515:(1956)
1496:(1953)
1488:(1948)
1374:
1364:
1311:
1214:20 May
1090:Delphi
1060:, the
1034:Moirai
1030:Dodona
991:Thebes
938:mortal
874:, and
852:Epirus
841:Semele
767:molest
759:Phocis
755:Athens
726:Thrace
722:slaves
645:flirts
632:Persia
584:, his
582:lovers
559:Philip
499:empire
439:Philip
418:Phocis
406:Epiros
372:Athens
354:Thrace
336:, and
334:murder
161:
72:Series
46:Author
1007:Thaïs
987:Pella
979:feint
925:women
913:Aigai
864:Mieza
690:into
485:lover
344:Mieza
304:Pella
189:film
137:375pp
134:Pages
80:Genre
1428:2023
1402:2023
1372:OCLC
1362:ISBN
1341:2023
1309:ISBN
1288:2023
1243:2007
1216:2010
944:and
739:Zeus
574:hall
483:and
326:Aigi
143:ISBN
125:and
1020:of
917:war
366:war
310:of
205:by
177:by
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
