454:
617:
540:
36:
1356:
by an imperial mint, perhaps that of
Ephesus or Perinthus (both cities in western Asia Minor). Olympias, mother of Alexander the Great, is depicted here in profile. The back shows a "nereid" (sea nymph), perhaps Thetis, the mother of Achilles, riding on a hippocamp, a mythical sea-creature. Thus, the medallion forms part of a double comparison: Caracalla is compared to Alexander, the conqueror of the East; Alexander is compared to Achilles, a hero of the Trojan War.
1355:
Together with 59.1 and 59.3, this piece is part of a series of large gold medallions that was commissioned to honor
Emperor Caracalla, representing him as the descendant of Alexander the Great. These medallions, found at Aboukir in Upper Egypt, demonstrate the artistry and technical prowess achieved
612:
and one of the terms of the capitulation had been that
Olympias's life would be saved, but Cassander had decided to execute her, sparing only temporarily the lives of Roxana and Alexander IV (they were executed a few years later in 309 BC). When the fortress of Pydna fell, Cassander ordered Olympias
592:
and her son
Alexander IV with him, who had previously been left in the care of Olympias. At the beginning, Olympias had not been involved in this conflict, but she soon realized that in the case of Cassander's rule, her grandson would lose the crown, so she allied with Polyperchon in 317 BC. The
429:
describes, the night before the consummation of their marriage, Olympias dreamed that a thunderbolt fell upon her womb and a great fire was kindled, its flames dispersed all about and then were extinguished. After the marriage Philip dreamed that he put a seal upon his wife's womb, the device of
474:, who was given the name Eurydice by Philip. At a gathering after the marriage, Philip failed to defend Alexander's claim to the Macedonian throne when Attalus threatened his legitimacy, causing great tensions between Philip, Olympias, and Alexander. Olympias went into voluntary exile in
465:
According to primary sources, their marriage was very stormy due to Philip's volatility and
Olympias' ambition and jealousy, which led to their growing estrangement. Things got more tumultuous in 337 BC when Philip married a noble Macedonian woman,
613:
killed, but the soldiers refused to harm the mother of
Alexander the Great. In the end, the families of her many victims stoned her to death with the approval of Cassander, who is also said to have denied to her body the rites of burial.
507:
After the death of Philip II, which
Olympias was believed to have either ordered or been an accessory to according to some ancient historical accounts, Olympias was allegedly also involved in overseeing the execution of
649:
mounted on a fantastic sea creature. It had been suggested that the
Olympias depicted on the medal was Queen Olympias, but this theory has been challenged. The name ΟΛΥΜΠΙΑΔΟΣ is thought to refer to the
608:, to side with her own, Olympias captured and executed the two in October 317 BC. She also captured Cassander's brother and a hundred of his partisans. Cassander soon blockaded and besieged Olympias in
512:
and her child in order to secure
Alexander's position as the rightful king of Macedonia. During Alexander's campaigns, she regularly corresponded with him and may have confirmed her son's claim in
354:
of 356 BC, the news of which coincided with
Alexander's birth (Plut. Alexander 3.8). She was finally named Stratonice, which was probably an epithet attached to Olympias following her victory over
574:. At the same time, Olympias offered Perdiccas the hand of her and Philip's daughter, Cleopatra. Perdiccas chose Cleopatra, which angered Antipater, who allied himself with several other
520:. The relationship between Olympias and Alexander was cordial, but her son tried to keep her away from politics. However, she wielded great influence in Macedonia and caused troubles to
914:
1585:
1590:
1104:
499:, his personal bodyguard, while attending the wedding, and Olympias, who returned to Macedonia, was suspected of having countenanced his assassination.
1233:
1181:
489:
in marriage, a fact that led Olympias to further isolation as she could no longer count on her brother's support. However, Philip was murdered by
453:
434:'s interpretation was that Olympias was pregnant of a son whose nature would be bold and lion-like. Philip and Olympias also had a daughter,
309:, mythologically the most beautiful woman in the world. Although unknown, some scholars have theorized that Olympias' mother may have been a
242:, his armies refused to execute her, and he finally had to summon family members of those Olympias had previously killed to end her life.
1547:
1500:
1580:
1430:
305:. The Aeacidae were perhaps the only Epirotes who were universally recognised as Greek. Olympias herself claimed direct descent from
394:
of Macedonia, and Philip the king. Philip had allegedly fallen in love with Olympias when both were initiated into the mysteries of
390:. The alliance was cemented with a diplomatic marriage between Arybbas' niece, Olympias, and Philip in 357 BC. It made Olympias the
1100:
924:
1595:
1570:
1565:
1516:
588:
established Philip II's son Philip III (Arrhidaeus) as king and forced Polyperchon out of Macedonia. He fled to Epirus, taking
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1600:
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1279:
1149:
1124:
1305:
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882:
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was the third of four names by which she was known. She probably took it as a recognition of Philip's victory in the
1334:
1139:
485:
In 336 BC, Philip cemented his ties to Alexander I of Epirus by offering him the hand of his and Olympias' daughter
406:, though their marriage was largely political in nature in order to seal the alliance between Macedonia and Epirus.
1645:
669:
1003:
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Arrhidaeus, the half brother of Alexander the Great who may have been disabled, were subject to the regency of
593:
Macedonian soldiers supported her return and the united armies of Polyperchon and Olympias, with the house of
1096:
509:
467:
313:
princess, based on the rumour that Olympias used to say that she was also a descendant of the Trojan prince,
1339:
Part of three browsing collections. Creator: Roman. Medium: Coins & Medals. Location: Ancient Treasury
1630:
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443:
375:
202:
88:
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20:
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524:, the regent of the kingdom. In 330 BC, she returned to Epirus and served as a regent to her cousin
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succeeded him on the Molossian throne. In 358 BC, Arybbas made a treaty with the new king of
351:
267:
194:
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1048:
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leader of Macedon during Alexander's conquests. According to the 1st century AD biographer,
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1399:, Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, Vol. 24, No. 1 (1st Qtr., 1975), pp. 1-16
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1451:
Who's who in the age of Alexander the Great: prosopography of Alexander's empire
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863:
Olympias (called Myrtale, her earlier name) appears in Jeanne Reames's duology
779:
674:
533:
495:
422:
413:; for this victory, his wife, who was known then as Myrtale, received the name
259:
182:
172:
92:
76:
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people believed that the birth of a great man was accompanied by portents. As
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685:
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609:
513:
391:
235:
1397:
Alexandre le Grand en Macédoine dans la Ière moitié du IIIe siècle ap. J.-C.
783:
733:
718:
642:
641:
that dates back to AD 225–250, and belongs to the Archaeological Museum of
578:, deposed Perdiccas, and was declared regent, only to die within the year.
302:
35:
1392:
417:. In the summer of the same year, Olympias gave birth to her first child,
209:. She was extremely influential in Alexander's life and was recognized as
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797:
431:
403:
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322:
255:
186:
140:
1027:
1973:26 and note p. 504; Fox suggests that the snake-handling was the
270:. She also had a sister named Troas, who married their paternal uncle
748:(1981). Olympias is frequently referenced in the second novel of the
585:
567:
521:
310:
239:
478:
along with Alexander, staying at the Molossian court of her brother
230:
After her son's death, Olympias fought on behalf of Alexander's son
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1016:
871:
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594:
575:
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333:
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216:
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Olympias is also the name of the queen of Macedonia in the manga "
457:
Olympias presenting the young Alexander the Great to Aristotle by
1335:"Medallion with Olympias · The Walters Art Museum · Works of Art"
749:
634:
551:
502:
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371:
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as part of her initiation into an unknown mystery cult. The name
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135:
1540:
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589:
555:
475:
326:
298:
294:
282:
1109:. Vol. 1. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. p. 22.
1471:
Dividing the Spoils: The War for Alexander the Great's Empire
1369:"The Gold of Macedon | ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM OF THESSALONIKI"
1064:
638:
584:
succeeded Antipater in 319 BC as regent, but Antipater's son
318:
220:
176:
1281:
Classical Bearings: Interpreting Ancient History and Culture
761:
Olympias is the subject of Michael A. Dimitri's 1993 novel
532:, as her brother Alexander I had died during a campaign in
517:
342:, and changed her name to Myrtale prior to her marriage to
409:
One year later, in 356 BC, Philip's race horse won in the
1473:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 273 pages.
839:
Olympias appears in the fictional biography of Alexander
633:
A medal bearing the name "Olympias" was found in 1902 at
227:, and he suggests that she slept with snakes in her bed.
1106:
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology
597:, invaded Macedonia to drive Cassander out from power.
40:
Roman medallion with Olympias, Museum of Thessaloniki
19:
For other people and entities known as Olympias, see
915:"Olympias, the Mighty Mother of Alexander the Great"
819:The Virtues of War: A Novel of Alexander the Great
728:Olympias is a major character in two of the three
600:After winning in battle by convincing the army of
332:Apparently, she was originally named Polyxena, as
1468:
1557:
1065:Encyclopædia Britannica staff (2013). "Epirus".
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1586:Executed royalty of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)
809:Empire of Ashes: A Novel of Alexander the Great
1591:People who died under the regency of Cassander
503:Alexander's reign and the Wars of the Diadochi
293:. They took their name from the mythical king
1034:
16:Mother of Alexander the Great (c. 375–316 BC)
1060:
1058:
620:Cassander ordering the death of Olympias by
850:Olympias also appears in the Indian series
834:Bring Down the Sun (Alexander the Great #2)
1341:. Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Archived from
1329:
34:
1055:
663:Olympias was portrayed by French actress
1501:Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition
1015:"The nonsense about the snakes" is from
959:
957:
955:
825:, told in the first person by Alexander.
615:
538:
452:
1323:
1141:Olympias: Mother of Alexander the Great
996:Olympias: Mother of Alexander the Great
967:Olympias, Mother of Alexander the Great
1558:
1447:
1164:
1137:
1277:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1125:Fragmente der griechischen Historiker
1095:
952:
657:
550:After Alexander the Great's death in
442:, to further diplomatic ties between
361:
1023:(2.6), according to Robin Lane Fox,
885:in a skit named "Made in Macedonia".
543:Statue of Alexander and Olympias at
250:Olympias was the eldest daughter of
238:. After she was finally defeated by
1521:Livius. Articles on Ancient History
1049:"Olympias | Macedonian leader"
516:that his father was not Philip but
13:
1284:. University of California Press.
1238:
673:, a historical epic which starred
14:
1657:
1581:Ancient Macedonian queens consort
1488:
923:. 3 December 2019. Archived from
219:, she was a devout member of the
1138:Carney, Elizabeth (2006-09-27).
881:Olympias appears a character in
736:'s acclaimed Alexander Trilogy,
482:, who was the king at the time.
430:which was the figure of a lion.
1405:
1386:
1361:
1298:
1271:
1256:
1222:
1198:
1186:
1170:
1158:
1131:
438:, who later married her uncle,
1496:"Olympias (Macedonian leader)"
1306:"Olympias Mother of Alexander"
1206:"Olympias | Macedonian leader"
1113:
1089:
1009:
985:
965:"Review of Elizabeth Carney's
931:
907:
628:
558:gave birth to their son named
189:, the eldest daughter of king
1:
1596:Wives of Philip II of Macedon
1571:Executed ancient Greek people
1566:Family of Alexander the Great
939:"Olympias Queen of Macedonia"
901:
697:The Young Alexander the Great
562:. Alexander IV and his uncle
297:, who ruled in the island of
285:, which claimed descent from
281:, a well-respected family of
54:
1626:4th-century BC women regents
1601:Women in Hellenistic warfare
370:died in 360 BC, his brother
321:(the last king of Troy) and
7:
1616:4th-century BC Greek people
1278:Green, Peter (1998-06-25).
1031:referred to by Justin9.5.9.
941:. www.american-pictures.com
920:National Geographic Society
889:
828:Olympias is the subject of
817:Olympias is a character in
774:Alexander: Child of a Dream
768:Olympias is a character in
763:The Daughter of Neoptolemus
717:Olympias is a character in
695:Olympias is a character in
400:Sanctuary of the Great Gods
277:Her family belonged to the
10:
1662:
1469:Waterfield, Robin (2011).
177:
18:
1611:4th-century BC executions
1448:Heckel, Waldemar (2006).
245:
234:, successfully defeating
156:
146:
134:
124:
108:
98:
82:
65:
61:
50:
45:
33:
28:
21:Olympias (disambiguation)
770:Valerio Massimo Manfredi
1548:Encyclopædia Britannica
1210:Encyclopedia Britannica
1074:Encyclopædia Britannica
782:starred as Olympias in
493:, a member of Philip's
191:Neoptolemus I of Epirus
181:; c. 375–316 BC) was a
151:Neoptolemus I of Epirus
1646:4th-century BC regents
1551:(11th ed.). 1911.
645:. The reverse shows a
625:
622:Jean-Joseph Taillasson
547:
462:
161:Ancient Greek religion
865:Dancing with the Lion
723:A Conspiracy of Women
619:
542:
456:
440:Alexander I of Epirus
386:became allies of the
336:mentions in his work
268:Alexander I of Epirus
197:, the fourth wife of
195:Alexander I of Epirus
998:, p. 23. Routledge.
969:by Michael D. Dixon"
927:on December 5, 2019.
807:Olympias appears in
706:Olympias appears in
684:Olympias appears in
554:in 323 BC, his wife
344:Philip II of Macedon
119:Cleopatra of Macedon
103:Philip II of Macedon
1454:. Wiley-Blackwell.
1375:. 14 September 2015
1345:on 25 November 2013
1025:Alexander the Great
974:. Classical Journal
896:Alkimachos of Pydna
792:, which co-starred
670:Alexander the Great
402:, on the island of
207:Alexander the Great
115:Alexander the Great
1631:Ancient Molossians
883:Horrible Histories
658:In popular culture
626:
548:
463:
362:Queen of Macedonia
205:and the mother of
1442:Secondary sources
1291:978-0-520-20811-7
1151:978-1-134-31818-6
1021:Life of Alexander
992:Carney, Elizabeth
845:Christian Cameron
823:Steven Pressfield
813:Nicholas Nicastro
796:as Alexander and
690:Alexander the God
677:as Alexander and
667:in the 1956 film
665:Danielle Darrieux
545:Schönbrunn Palace
272:Arrybas of Epirus
223:snake-worshiping
166:
165:
1653:
1641:Executed royalty
1576:Ancient Epirotes
1552:
1544:
1542:"Olympias"
1536:
1534:
1532:
1527:on July 18, 2006
1523:. Archived from
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1308:. Archived from
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266:, and sister of
225:cult of Dionysus
193:, the sister of
185:princess of the
180:
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86:316 BC (aged 59)
56:
46:Queen of Macedon
38:
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755:The Persian Boy
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701:Naomi Mitchison
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470:, the niece of
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307:Helen of Sparta
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1426:Parallel Lives
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772:'s 2001 novel
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688:'s 1960 novel
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681:as his father.
675:Richard Burton
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604:, the wife of
534:southern Italy
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496:somatophylakes
423:ancient Greece
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254:, king of the
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1461:1-4051-1210-7
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708:The Conqueror
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602:Adea Eurydice
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392:queen consort
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352:Olympic Games
349:
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261:
260:ancient Greek
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253:
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243:
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236:Adea Eurydice
233:
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126:Ancient Greek
123:
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1406:Bibliography
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1209:
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1072:
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933:
925:the original
918:
909:
864:
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840:
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808:
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784:Oliver Stone
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737:
734:Mary Renault
722:
719:Aubrey Menen
707:
696:
689:
668:
643:Thessaloniki
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599:
580:
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494:
484:
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365:
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337:
331:
303:Saronic Gulf
276:
249:
232:Alexander IV
229:
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168:
167:
1373:www.amth.gr
1165:Heckel 2006
1081:24 December
830:Judith Tarr
821:(2005), by
742:(1969) and
629:Iconography
624:, ca. 1799.
582:Polyperchon
480:Alexander I
459:Gerard Hoet
388:Macedonians
358:in 317 BC.
287:Neoptolemus
1560:Categories
1517:"Olympias"
1379:2018-01-29
1316:2014-09-30
1262:Justinus,
1251:Alexander,
1249:Plutarch,
1228:Plutarch,
1215:2018-01-29
1176:Plutarch,
1120:Theopompus
1101:"Aeacides"
1004:0415333172
978:2022-07-05
945:2009-07-30
902:References
843:(2012) by
841:God of War
811:(2004) by
798:Val Kilmer
710:(1962) by
699:(1960) by
606:Philip III
564:Philip III
432:Aristander
404:Samothrace
384:Molossians
382:, and the
325:, wife of
323:Andromache
256:Molossians
187:Molossians
141:Molossians
71:Molossia,
57:357–316 BC
1421:Alexander
1393:Jean Gagé
1349:20 August
1230:Alexander
1178:Alexander
789:Alexander
654:instead.
652:Olympiads
586:Cassander
568:Perdiccas
522:Antipater
491:Pausanias
487:Cleopatra
468:Cleopatra
444:Macedonia
436:Cleopatra
419:Alexander
380:Philip II
376:Macedonia
289:, son of
262:tribe in
240:Cassander
221:orgiastic
203:Macedonia
199:Philip II
89:Macedonia
1531:July 30,
1507:July 31,
1417:Plutarch
1264:Historia
1195:7, 6, 10
1017:Plutarch
994:(2006).
890:See also
872:Historie
858:Sameksha
595:Aeacides
576:Diadochi
526:Aeacides
510:Eurydice
427:Plutarch
415:Olympias
356:Eurydice
348:Olympias
334:Plutarch
311:Chaonian
291:Achilles
279:Aeacidae
217:Plutarch
212:de facto
178:Ὀλυμπιάς
169:Olympias
157:Religion
130:Ολυμπιάς
29:Olympias
1234:2.2–2.3
1029:stuprum
867:(2019).
758:(1972).
750:trilogy
725:(1965).
635:Abu Qir
552:Babylon
528:in the
472:Attalus
461:, 1733.
398:at the
396:Cabeiri
372:Arybbas
339:Moralia
317:son of
315:Helenus
301:in the
1477:
1458:
1431:online
1288:
1267:9, 5-7
1193:Justin
1148:
1068:Epirus
1002:
802:Philip
730:novels
647:Nereid
590:Roxana
572:Nicaea
556:Roxana
476:Epirus
448:Epirus
327:Hector
299:Aegina
295:Aeacus
283:Epirus
264:Epirus
246:Origin
147:Father
99:Spouse
73:Epirus
69:375 BC
51:Tenure
1076:, Inc
972:(PDF)
874:" by
853:Porus
639:Egypt
610:Pydna
514:Egypt
421:. In
366:When
319:Priam
258:, an
183:Greek
173:Greek
136:House
110:Issue
1533:2006
1509:2006
1475:ISBN
1456:ISBN
1351:2012
1286:ISBN
1146:ISBN
1083:2023
1000:ISBN
518:Zeus
446:and
83:Died
66:Born
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