76:, an apocryphal apocalyptic text composed in Greek (and subsequently translated in Latin) between the second and fourth century. It exists in two versions, the second, longer one treating fifth-century events as contemporary. The first version includes a list of seven signs announcing the end of the world. The longer version, however, has an appended section which brings the list of signs up to fifteen. This version was taken up and reshaped by the Irish, after which it became a source for many European visions of the "end of days".
148:
are organized in three general types: the
Voragine type, the Pseudo-Bede type, and the Comestor type. The Welsh prose versions edited by William Heist are each based on any of the three; the
981:
54:
and is found in many post-millennial manuscripts in Latin and in the vernacular. References to it occur in a great multitude and variety of literary works, and via the
925:
278:
References to the fifteen signs are ubiquitous in medieval
Western literature. In the fifteenth century, prints detailing the life of the
723:
153:
50:, of the events that are supposed to occur in the fortnight before the end of the world. It may find an origin in the apocryphal
934:
168:
The fifteen signs are shown over fifteen days, though in many different varieties. According to the Welsh prose version:
762:
900:
851:
678:
475:
Die
Kildare-gedichte; die ältesten mittelenglischen denkmäler in anglo-irischer überlieferung von Dr. W. Heuser ...
123:
1047:
1037:
109:
262:
The four elements will cry in strong voice: "Mercy, Jesus, son of Mary, as you are God and King of heaven!" (
581:
306:
282:
usually included the fifteen signs. An Anglo-Norman version was included in the fourteenth-century
838:
Giliberto, Concetta (2007). "The
Fifteen Signs of Doomsday of the First Riustring Manuscript". In
1042:
966:
Marchand, James W. (1976). "Early
Scandinavian Variants of the Fifteen Signs Before Doomsday".
366:
643:
327:
717:
Emmerson, Richard
Kenneth; Herzman, Ronald B. (1980). "Antichrist, Simon Magus, and Dante's
300:
73:
51:
208:
The stars and constellations fall out of the sky (in the
Comestor variant only stars fall)
8:
345:
289:
61:
1016:
979:
Nolle, Georg (1879). "Die
Legende von den Funfzehn Zeichen vor dem JĂĽngsten Gerichte".
954:
919:
826:
818:
801:
799:
Heist, William W. (1944). "Welsh Prose
Versions of the Fifteen Signs before Doomsday".
787:
779:
748:
740:
705:
660:
629:
621:
590:
311:
1020:
1008:
958:
896:
847:
830:
791:
752:
641:
Conley, C. H. (1915). "An
Instance of the Fifteen Signs of Judgment in Shakespeare".
633:
292:
used a reading knowledge of that poem or one like it for various details in Act 1 of
259:
Four winds will rise and then the rain bow will fall, driving the demons back to Hell
250:
The sea will draw together to stand upright like a wall, and then return to its place
244:
The mountains will fall and fill up the valleys, castles, towers and trees will fall
1003:
998:
990:
946:
810:
771:
732:
700:
695:
687:
652:
613:
604:
115:
760:
Gatch, Milton McCormick (1964). "Two Uses of Apocrypha in Old English Homilies".
602:
Clopper, Lawrence M. (1978). "The History and Development of the Chester Cycle".
89:
132:
47:
32:
994:
935:"Le thème des "Quinze signes du jugement dernier" dans la tradition française"
736:
473:
310:. Harry Morris contends that those details could have come to Shakespeare via
1031:
1012:
454:
339:
319:
222:
205:
Men come out from their hiding places but can no longer understand each other
128:
60:
it may have found its way even into the early modern period, in the works of
950:
839:
284:
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Trees will grow upside down, with their roots above ground; they will bleed
56:
149:
85:
97:
43:
744:
594:
822:
783:
664:
279:
112:
MS 36 (fragment, 125 verses in French in octosyllabic rhyming couplets)
709:
625:
496:
968:
Acta philologica Scandinavica. Tidsskrift for nordisk sprogforskning
878:
de Vasconcellas, Michaelis (1870). "Quindecim Signa ante Judicium".
814:
775:
656:
270:
The poem breaks off at this point, leaving the final signs unknown.
691:
617:
893:
The Red Jews: Antisemitism in an Apocalyptic Age, 1200–1600
294:
181:
All sea animals gather on the surface and bellow unintelligibly
520:
982:
Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur
880:
Archiv fĂĽr das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Literaturen
895:. Studies in Medieval and Reformation Traditions. BRILL.
264:
Merci Iesus, fiČť Mari, As Ăľou ert god and king of heuene
420:
384:
322:(14th century). The signs also occur in the shearmen's
556:
486:
484:
253:
A voice will speak from the sky, begging God for mercy
131:(British Library Harley MS 913) contains a version in
532:
508:
481:
408:
579:Baker, A. T. (1897). "Fifteen Signs of Doomsday".
544:
432:
396:
256:The angels will tremble and the demons will lament
175:The waters sink so low they cannot be seen anymore
1029:
202:All mountains and valleys are leveled to a plain
877:
716:
526:
211:The bones of the dead come out of their graves
84:One of its many versions can be found in the
178:The waters return to their original position
96:(PL XCIV.555) written in the 8th century by
241:Every beast will tremble and look to heaven
232:The dead will rise and sit upon their tombs
172:The earth's waters rise above the mountains
924:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1002:
837:
699:
672:Dunn, Charles W. (1958). "Rev. of Heist,
571:
502:
426:
390:
122:, with miniatures of all fifteen signs):
965:
846:. Rige Estrikken. Vol. 80. Rodopi.
842:; Laker, Stephen; Vries, Oebele (eds.).
187:Plants and trees fill with dew and blood
939:Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire
601:
562:
229:The stars shall be thrown down to earth
214:All men die, the earth burns with water
88:. Another version can be found in the
1030:
932:
860:
640:
550:
538:
471:
455:"Anglo-Irish poems of the Middle Ages"
449:
447:
364:
978:
909:
798:
759:
578:
514:
490:
438:
414:
367:"15 Vorzeichen des JĂĽngsten Gerichts"
221:In the Middle English version of the
79:
671:
402:
304:, details he couldn't have found in
890:
444:
365:Palmer, Nigel F. (1 January 2002).
92:. One of the earliest versions is
72:The Fifteen Signs derives from the
40:15 Vorzeichen des JĂĽngsten Gerichts
13:
871:
472:Heuser, Wilhelm (March 31, 2006).
14:
1059:
912:The Fifteen Signs before Doomsday
844:Advances in Old Frisian Philology
674:The Fifteen Signs before Doomsday
184:The waters burn from east to west
152:is based on both Pseudo-Bede and
120:Livre de la Vigne nostre Seigneur
16:Beliefs of events before doomsday
865:. Tallahassee: Florida State UP.
679:The Journal of American Folklore
326:, part of the fifteenth-century
288:, and C. H. Conley argued that
190:Earth is divided into two parts
465:
358:
110:Corpus Christi College, Oxford
103:
29:Fifteen Signs before Judgement
1:
910:Heist, William Watts (1952).
352:
36:Quindecim Signa ante Judicium
21:Fifteen Signs before Doomsday
273:
42:) is a list, popular in the
23:(alternatively known as the
7:
527:Emmerson & Herzman 1980
333:
196:The stones fight each other
193:All buildings are destroyed
10:
1064:
891:Gow, Andrew Colin (1995).
863:Last Things in Shakespeare
316:A Book of Christian Prayer
995:10.1515/bgsl.1879.6.3.413
737:10.1017/S0362152900009296
582:Modern Language Quarterly
67:
25:Fifteen Signs of Doomsday
505:, p. 130–131.
163:
139:
116:Bodleian Library, Oxford
1004:2027/hvd.32044089055511
701:2027/mdp.39015010721762
235:The sun will turn black
199:Great earthquakes occur
1048:Religion-related lists
951:10.3406/rbph.1967.2693
933:Mantou, Reine (1967).
861:Morris, Harry (1985).
572:Reference bibliography
324:Prophets of Antichrist
307:Holinshed's Chronicles
1038:8th-century documents
840:Bremmer, Rolf Hendrik
644:Modern Language Notes
328:Chester Mystery Plays
238:The sun will turn red
158:Historia scholastica
74:Apocalypse of Thomas
52:Apocalypse of Thomas
346:Prick of Conscience
290:William Shakespeare
94:De quindecim signis
62:William Shakespeare
80:Remaining versions
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38:, and in German
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914:. East Lansing.
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872:Further reading
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854:
815:10.2307/2853480
776:10.2307/3162832
657:10.2307/2916899
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124:fully digitized
118:MS. Douce 134 (
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90:Saltair na Rann
82:
70:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1061:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1043:Millenarianism
1040:
1026:
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989:(3): 413–476.
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945:(3): 827–842.
930:
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873:
870:
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858:
852:
835:
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763:Church History
757:
714:
692:10.2307/537713
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618:10.1086/390788
599:
575:
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570:
568:
567:
565:, p. 230.
555:
543:
531:
529:, p. 376.
519:
517:, p. 424.
507:
503:Giliberto 2007
495:
493:, p. 421.
480:
464:
443:
431:
429:, p. 130.
427:Giliberto 2007
419:
417:, p. 380.
407:
405:, p. 189.
395:
393:, p. 129.
391:Giliberto 2007
383:
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335:
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318:(1578) or the
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133:Middle English
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48:millenarianism
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985:(in German).
984:
983:
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969:
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960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
941:(in French).
940:
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902:9789004102552
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855:
853:9789042021815
849:
845:
841:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
809:(4): 421–32.
808:
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785:
781:
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773:
770:(4): 379–91.
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612:(s): 219–46.
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583:
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541:, p. 41.
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487:
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477:
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441:, p. 63.
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372:
368:
361:
357:
348:
347:
343:
341:
340:Kildare Poems
338:
337:
331:
329:
325:
321:
320:Holkham Bible
317:
313:
309:
308:
303:
302:
301:Julius Caesar
298:and Act 2 of
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223:Kildare Poems
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146:Fifteen Signs
134:
130:
129:Kildare Poems
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686:(280): 189.
683:
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673:
651:(2): 41–44.
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609:
603:
589:(2): 63–64.
586:
580:
563:Clopper 1978
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374:. Retrieved
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285:Cursor Mundi
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217:Judgment Day
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119:
93:
83:
71:
57:Cursor Mundi
55:
39:
35:
28:
24:
20:
18:
551:Morris 1985
539:Conley 1915
459:celt.ucc.ie
104:Manuscripts
98:Pseudo-Bede
46:because of
44:Middle Ages
1032:Categories
974:: 117–132.
731:: 373–98.
515:Heist 1944
491:Heist 1944
439:Baker 1897
415:Gatch 1964
353:References
280:Antichrist
1021:162317404
1013:0005-8076
959:161768644
920:cite book
831:162649268
792:161641954
753:152106902
634:161359966
403:Dunn 1958
312:John Daye
274:Influence
150:Asega-bĂ´k
86:Asega-bĂ´k
886:: 33–60.
802:Speculum
745:27831081
724:Traditio
595:41163389
334:See also
154:Comestor
823:2853480
784:3162832
719:Inferno
665:2916899
376:29 June
371:Katalog
1019:
1011:
957:
899:
850:
829:
821:
790:
782:
751:
743:
721:XIX".
710:537713
708:
663:
632:
626:436982
624:
593:
295:Hamlet
68:Origin
31:, in
1017:S2CID
955:S2CID
827:S2CID
819:JSTOR
788:S2CID
780:JSTOR
749:S2CID
741:JSTOR
706:JSTOR
661:JSTOR
630:S2CID
622:JSTOR
591:JSTOR
164:Signs
140:Types
33:Latin
1009:ISSN
926:link
897:ISBN
848:ISBN
378:2022
144:The
19:The
999:hdl
991:doi
947:doi
811:doi
772:doi
733:doi
696:hdl
688:doi
676:".
653:doi
614:doi
314:'s
156:'s
1034::
1015:.
1007:.
997:.
972:31
970:.
953:.
943:45
937:.
922:}}
918:{{
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768:33
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610:75
608:.
585:.
483:^
457:.
446:^
369:.
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225::
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100:.
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27:,
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993::
987:6
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266:)
135:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.