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Holkham Bible

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or ‘speech scroll’ extending from each man’s mouth. The scrolls show the friar saying “Ore feres bien e nettement car mustre serra a riche gent” (‘Now do well and thoroughly for it will be shown to important people’), to which the artisan replies “Si frai voyre e Deux me doynt vivere Nonkes ne
313:: a symbolic representation of a manuscript’s patron or donor being presented with the finished book in which the miniature appears, or, as here, in the act of commissioning the book. Such miniatures are not unusual in medieval illuminated manuscripts. 305:
veyses un autretel Liuere” (‘I will do so truly, if God grants me to live; never will you see another such book’). The nature of the exchange, together with the miniature’s placement at the opening of the codex—i.e., at f. 1r, functioning as a
332:”. According to Roscoe’s letter, the auctioneer Winstanley “bought from a Catholic priest 
 for ÂŁ28”, and Roscoe could purchase it on Coke’s behalf for ÂŁ30. Apparently Coke agreed: a note added on a 203:, sometimes in verse, typically appear above each miniature, though some captions are situated below or incorporated into the miniature itself (e.g., f. 11r–11v). After opening with a 321: 40: 710: 715: 677: 445: 328:
speculated that it may have “been taken abroad in the sixteenth century by some Catholic family 
 leaving England under the stress of the
720: 690: 725: 237: 139: 344:) states that he obtained the codex from "Mr Roscoe" in 1816. As MS 666, it remained part of the library of 584: 270:
background with vine and oak leaves, fleur-de-lis, and floral motifs, and the captions open with enlarged decorative
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friar. Its illustrations depict the stories in contemporary English settings, making it a visual source on medieval
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A digital surrogate of the manuscript can be viewed online via the British Library's Digitised Manuscripts site.
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friar. Occupying the manuscript’s opening leaf is a miniature depicting a friar standing next to a seated
324:, of Holkham, reported that it had just returned to England from the Continent; over a century later, 172:. The picture book was produced in England during the decades before 1350 for use by an unidentified 512: 349: 473: 199:
consisting of pigments of reds, blues, browns, yellows, and greens. Short explanatory captions in
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Internal evidence suggests that Holkham Bible was likely commissioned by or for an unidentified
553:(1922–1923). "An English Bible-Picture Book of the Fourteenth Century (Holkham MS. 666)". 310: 204: 168:, Additional MS 47682) is an illustrated collection of biblical and apocryphal stories in 412: 200: 89: 510:
Burnett, T.A.J. (1962). "The Undeciphered Inscriptions in the Holkham Bible Picture Book".
687: 275: 8: 329: 274:
in red or blue with penwork decoration—details not included elsewhere in the manuscript.
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bearing 231 pen-and-ink drawings, usually two per page. Each drawing is tinted with
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Although of English origin, the manuscript was in continental Europe by 1816 when
694: 681: 400: 216: 192: 177: 165: 365: 373: 317: 93: 348:, Norfolk, until 1952 when it entered the collections of the British Library ( 704: 256: 252: 223: 208: 169: 20: 345: 241: 266:
In the Genesis section (ff. 2r–9r), the miniatures include a red ink
600:
James, C.W. (1922). "Some Notes Upon the Manuscript Library at Holkham".
211:(f. 1v), the miniatures turn to their primary subject. They cover, 376:. The British Library published an updated facsimile edition, edited by 19:
For the other illuminated Bible formerly of the Holkham collection, see
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Understanding Illuminated Manuscripts: A Guide to Technical Terms
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14th-century Norman French illustrated Bible produced in England
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heightened by a stroke of red ink appear throughout the codex.
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The Holkham Bible is a biblical picture book consisting of 42
497:
Anglo-Norman Literature: A Guide to Texts and Manuscripts
499:. London: Anglo-Norman Text Society. pp. no. 472. 684:
via the British Library’s Digitised Manuscripts site
439: 437: 435: 433: 431: 429: 251:the ‘Last Things’, fifteen signs which precede the 368:to the Earl of Leicester, edited and introduced a 34:London, British Library, Additional MS 47682 702: 688:Online gallery of the Holkham Bible Picture Book 426: 467: 465: 463: 352:) with several other Holkham Hall manuscripts. 488: 219:, from Creation to the Flood (ff. 2r–9r); 545: 543: 460: 263:(Note that ff. 9v and 38v are blank.) 697:via the British Library’s Sacred Texts site 658:The Holkham Bible Picture Book: A Facsimile 579:. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Publications. 471: 443: 631: 612: 593: 549: 540: 503: 494: 355: 183: 646: 281: 207:(f. 1r) and a representation of the 565: 103:Likely commissioned by a Dominican friar 637: 509: 711:British Library additional manuscripts 703: 675:Digital facsimile of the Holkham Bible 618: 448:. Catalogue of Illuminated Manuscripts 446:"Detailed record for Additional 47682" 233:with their symbols (ff. 10v–11v); 222:genealogies of Mary and Jesus via two 652: 599: 571: 716:14th-century illuminated manuscripts 495:Dean, Ruth; Bolton, Maureen (1999). 13: 322:Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester 154:Norfolk, Holkham Hall, MS 666 14: 737: 721:14th-century biblical manuscripts 668: 39: 726:Bible translations into French 640:The Holkham Bible Picture Book 555:Volumes of the Walpole Society 309:—suggest that it is a type of 1: 619:Vaisey, David (28 Jul 1994). 419: 372:of the Holkham Bible for the 513:The British Museum Quarterly 7: 386: 10: 742: 660:. London: British Library. 61:Holkham Bible Picture Book 18: 642:. London: Dropmore Press. 621:"Obituary: W. O. Hassall" 150: 134: 130:Gothic and Gothic cursive 126: 118: 107: 99: 85: 73: 65: 57: 38: 33: 28: 122:285 × 210 (265 × 200) mm 476:. Digitised Manuscripts 360:In 1954, W.O. Hassall, 356:Editions and facsimiles 350:then the British Museum 248:(ff. 11v–38r); and 229:representations of the 184:Contents and decoration 146:with penwork decoration 638:Hassall, W.O. (1954). 311:presentation miniature 282:History and provenance 205:presentation miniature 114:, ink, coloured washes 413:Velislai biblia picta 474:"Add MS 47682" 259:(ff. 39r–42v). 201:Anglo-Norman French 90:Anglo-Norman French 693:2018-07-22 at the 680:2018-09-12 at the 654:Brown, Michelle P. 573:Brown, Michelle P. 226:(f. 10r–10v); 472:British Library. 444:British Library. 378:Michelle P. Brown 370:facsimile edition 364:staff member and 158: 157: 733: 662: 661: 650: 644: 643: 635: 629: 628: 616: 610: 609: 597: 591: 590: 569: 563: 562: 547: 538: 537: 507: 501: 500: 492: 486: 485: 483: 481: 469: 458: 457: 455: 453: 441: 362:Bodleian Library 231:Four Evangelists 209:Wheel of Fortune 43: 26: 25: 741: 740: 736: 735: 734: 732: 731: 730: 701: 700: 695:Wayback Machine 682:Wayback Machine 671: 666: 665: 651: 647: 636: 632: 625:The Independent 617: 613: 598: 594: 587: 570: 566: 548: 541: 526:10.2307/4422764 508: 504: 493: 489: 479: 477: 470: 461: 451: 449: 442: 427: 422: 401:Biblia pauperum 394:Bible moralisĂ©e 389: 358: 284: 217:Book of Genesis 197:coloured washes 186: 178:English society 166:British Library 151:Previously kept 135:Illumination(s) 77:England, S.E. ( 74:Place of origin 53: 45:Holkham Bible, 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 739: 729: 728: 723: 718: 713: 699: 698: 685: 670: 669:External links 667: 664: 663: 645: 630: 611: 592: 585: 564: 539: 520:(1/2): 26–27. 502: 487: 459: 424: 423: 421: 418: 417: 416: 409: 404: 397: 388: 385: 374:Roxburghe Club 357: 354: 318:William Roscoe 283: 280: 261: 260: 249: 238:Life of Christ 234: 227: 220: 185: 182: 156: 155: 152: 148: 147: 136: 132: 131: 128: 124: 123: 120: 116: 115: 109: 105: 104: 101: 97: 96: 94:Middle English 87: 83: 82: 75: 71: 70: 67: 63: 62: 59: 55: 54: 44: 36: 35: 31: 30: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 738: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 708: 706: 696: 692: 689: 686: 683: 679: 676: 673: 672: 659: 655: 649: 641: 634: 626: 622: 615: 608:(4): 213–237. 607: 603: 596: 588: 586:0-8923-6217-0 582: 578: 574: 568: 560: 556: 552: 546: 544: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 514: 506: 498: 491: 475: 468: 466: 464: 447: 440: 438: 436: 434: 432: 430: 425: 415: 414: 410: 408: 405: 403: 402: 398: 396: 395: 391: 390: 384: 381: 379: 375: 371: 367: 363: 353: 351: 347: 343: 340: i  339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 320:, writing to 319: 314: 312: 308: 303: 302: 297: 293: 289: 279: 277: 273: 269: 264: 258: 257:Last Judgment 254: 253:Second Coming 250: 247: 243: 239: 235: 232: 228: 225: 221: 218: 214: 213: 212: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 191: 181: 179: 175: 171: 170:Norman French 167: 163: 162:Holkham Bible 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 110: 106: 102: 98: 95: 91: 88: 84: 80: 76: 72: 68: 64: 60: 58:Also known as 56: 52: 48: 42: 37: 32: 29:Holkham Bible 27: 22: 21:Clement Bible 657: 648: 639: 633: 624: 614: 605: 601: 595: 576: 567: 558: 554: 517: 511: 505: 496: 490: 478:. Retrieved 450:. Retrieved 411: 399: 392: 382: 380:, in 2007. 359: 346:Holkham Hall 315: 307:frontispiece 299: 285: 265: 262: 242:Annunciation 187: 161: 159: 602:The Library 551:James, M.R. 330:Reformation 240:, from the 224:Jesse Trees 86:Language(s) 69:c.1327–1335 705:Categories 420:References 407:Block book 326:M.R. James 276:Majuscules 268:diaperwork 140:miniatures 92:with some 366:Librarian 301:banderole 288:Dominican 246:Ascension 190:parchment 174:Dominican 164:(London, 112:Parchment 691:Archived 678:Archived 656:(2007). 575:(1994). 387:See also 272:initials 144:initials 108:Material 49: 40 604:. 4th. 561:: 1–27. 534:4422764 334:flyleaf 298:with a 244:to the 583:  532:  480:11 Feb 452:11 Feb 296:limner 292:scribe 193:leaves 127:Script 100:Patron 79:London 530:JSTOR 581:ISBN 482:2022 454:2022 255:and 236:the 215:the 160:The 138:231 119:Size 66:Date 522:doi 294:or 707:: 623:. 559:11 557:. 542:^ 528:. 518:26 516:. 462:^ 428:^ 338:f. 180:. 142:; 81:?) 47:f. 627:. 606:2 589:. 536:. 524:: 484:. 456:. 342:v 336:( 51:r 23:.

Index

Clement Bible
A leaf in the Holkham Bible bearing 2 miniatures, 1 above & 1 below, each with a 1 or 2 line caption in French. Both miniatures are line drawings in brown ink tinted with washes in shades of red, brown, blue, & green. The upper 1—how the peers fight—depicts a chaotic battle scene of armoured men fighting on horseback, in chain mail & plate armour. They wield swords & axes, as fallen men & horses are trampled in the fray. In the lower miniature—how the commoners fight—a smaller group of men battle on foot. Their armour is much lighter; they bear swords, axes, or bows & arrows, & carry small round buckler shields.
f.
r
London
Anglo-Norman French
Middle English
Parchment
miniatures
initials
British Library
Norman French
Dominican
English society
parchment
leaves
coloured washes
Anglo-Norman French
presentation miniature
Wheel of Fortune
Book of Genesis
Jesse Trees
Four Evangelists
Life of Christ
Annunciation
Ascension
Second Coming
Last Judgment
diaperwork
initials

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