42:
619:(Compilation on Western internal medicine) in 1832. Western influence also introduced the Japanese to the geographical nomenclature of Europe, which included the idea of Asia as a continent. There were some Japanese intellectuals that opposed adopting the Western notion of Asia, and instead advocated retaining East Asian geographical terminology. One example is
434:
of the Great Ming dynasty." He may have used the term to ingratiate himself with his
Chinese hosts by identifying Europe as a region on the western fringes of the known
2110:
430:, Matteo Ricci introduces himself by saying, "I, Matteo, from the Far West, have sailed across the seas and entered China with respect for learned virtue of the
346:, which positioned Europe as a region on the fringes of a Sinocentric world. The term Far West was also used in Japan and appears in many Japanese publications.
2100:
297:
2206:
2201:
1975:
2115:
2140:
1485:
246:
2055:
258:
1329:
290:
969:
1417:
1995:
920:
901:
855:
836:
2186:
283:
827:(2009). "Europaeology? On the Difficulty of Assembling a Knowledge of Europe in China". In M. Antoni J. Üçerler (ed.).
2160:
2196:
1990:
1351:
2090:
2025:
1070:
1281:
555:
537:
519:
497:
468:
439:
57:
1434:
210:
71:
930:
Tsai, Mon-Han (September 2011). ""This
Culture of Ours" Politics, Confucianism, and East Asian Identities".
2045:
2030:
1925:
532:'Far West') were alternative Chinese names for Europe. The Chinese referred to European people as
1451:
962:
623:(1781–1863), who claimed that calling Japan an Asian country was an insulting name for the "divine land"
2191:
1322:
1045:
599:, which literally means "Dutch Learning", was an intellectual tradition that came to prominence in the
579:(Record of the First Diplomatic Mission to the Far West) during the 1868 Burlingame Mission, a Chinese
323:
1970:
1930:
1371:
2211:
2070:
1798:
1560:
1520:
1510:
1458:
481:'Western learning'). Zhou Bingmo gave Western learning a more elaborate name by calling it
169:
1848:
1756:
1055:
1050:
2020:
2010:
1599:
1530:
1515:
996:
955:
607:
appears in many sources about
Western learning published during that era. Examples include the
493:(The Ten Paradoxes). The term taixi was still used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
438:
world. In 1601, an editor revised the essay by replacing the term Far West with
Extreme West (
2216:
2130:
2105:
2035:
1718:
1446:
1219:
1177:
1147:
2125:
1880:
1793:
1771:
1694:
1690:
1619:
1535:
1480:
1475:
1298:
1142:
1031:
8:
2150:
2015:
1885:
1675:
1604:
1361:
1334:
1317:
1305:
1127:
1083:
1870:
1786:
1776:
1609:
1572:
1502:
1441:
1424:
1378:
1288:
1202:
1016:
881:
580:
19:
This article is about the term for the
Western world. For the township in Taiwan, see
2000:
1902:
1890:
1875:
1855:
1766:
1713:
1685:
1667:
1470:
1346:
1339:
1152:
1100:
1078:
1006:
935:
916:
897:
889:
851:
832:
2145:
1761:
1751:
1577:
1525:
1429:
1293:
1182:
1132:
1110:
1105:
1036:
877:
620:
406:
388:
270:
102:
868:(1978). "The Chinese Language Sources Bibliography Project:Preliminary Findings".
342:. Ricci invented the phrase as an Asian parallel to the Eurocentric notion of the
46:
A satellite image of Europe, historically referred to as the Far West in East Asia
2135:
2075:
1960:
1808:
1803:
1781:
1701:
1655:
1412:
1366:
1264:
1241:
1224:
1197:
982:
372:
252:
201:
2165:
2085:
2040:
1980:
1945:
1737:
1650:
1555:
1463:
1254:
1088:
1011:
2180:
2120:
2005:
1920:
1865:
1725:
1645:
1540:
1390:
1383:
1276:
1229:
1122:
978:
939:
824:
572:
431:
367:. The meaning of the term was changed to encompass Europe during the Chinese
319:
20:
947:
2155:
1955:
1860:
1706:
1680:
1589:
1271:
1259:
1207:
1167:
1162:
1026:
1021:
865:
640:
639:. He favored the continued use of traditional terms such as "Far West" or "
435:
380:
376:
368:
339:
109:
2095:
1843:
1838:
1830:
1815:
1640:
1545:
1356:
1192:
1157:
1137:
1117:
1095:
1060:
41:
1626:
1614:
1584:
1550:
1490:
1172:
360:
327:
264:
2060:
1897:
1632:
1594:
1187:
1001:
789:
2050:
1746:
1567:
1395:
1310:
1249:
1212:
486:
405:) and identified their homeland as the Far West or the Great West (
384:
343:
240:
1965:
1820:
1732:
596:
1985:
600:
505:
447:
414:
396:
335:
315:
222:
1950:
1940:
1935:
1407:
1402:
915:. Translated by Timothy Billings. Columbia University Press.
364:
331:
228:
216:
132:
359:
It was originally used in China as a name denoting parts of
2080:
831:. Institutum historicum Societatis Iesu. pp. 261–285.
146:
829:
Christianity and
Cultures: Japan & China in Comparison
379:, who used the Far West as the Asian counterpart to the
2065:
876:(2). UCLA Asian American Studies Center Press: 95–107.
678:
676:
550:'Western people') and European missionaries as
913:
On
Friendship: One Hundred Maxims for a Chinese Prince
174:
695:
693:
691:
338:
for the West was coined by the
Italian Jesuit priest
114:
894:
The Great
Encounter of China and the West, 1500–1800
753:
673:
571:
The term Far West was later expanded to include the
777:
741:
705:
729:
717:
688:
611:(Complete book on Western ophthalmology) in 1799,
428:An Essay on Friendship in Answer to Prince Jian’an
801:
765:
2178:
652:
632:
646:
626:
463:European knowledge was designated in China as
151:
137:
977:
963:
575:. The official Zhi Gang wrote a diary titled
291:
76:
62:
387:. The Jesuits called India the Little West (
563:
545:
527:
476:
970:
956:
932:Journal of Political Science and Sociology
298:
284:
2207:History of the foreign relations of Japan
2202:History of the foreign relations of China
375:is credited to the Italian Jesuit priest
888:
759:
682:
896:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
845:
795:
783:
489:for the 1628 edition of Matteo Ricci's
2179:
951:
910:
823:
747:
735:
723:
711:
699:
929:
807:
16:Chinese and Japanese term for Europe
864:
771:
322:as a cultural region comparable to
314:is a Chinese and Japanese term for
13:
882:10.17953/amer.5.2.f7v650035j8t575g
615:(Botany of the West) in 1829, and
456:), possibly because he considered
318:, or more broadly, for the entire
14:
2228:
2161:Western European and Others Group
334:, the term Far West as a Chinese
326:. Originally a name for parts of
40:
559:
541:
523:
510:
501:
472:
452:
443:
419:
401:
175:
115:
77:
63:
1:
934:(15). Keio University: 1–20.
848:Japan and the Dutch 1600–1853
798:, pp. 136, 163, and 161.
662:
568:'Western scholars').
667:
485:, which first appeared in a
7:
653:
633:
595:("the Far West") in Japan.
10:
2233:
2187:Historical Chinese exonyms
846:Goodman, Grant K. (2000).
816:
460:an awkward-sounding name.
349:
324:East Asian cultural sphere
18:
1931:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance
1911:
1829:
1666:
1501:
1372:Standard Average European
1240:
1069:
989:
647:
627:
410:
392:
186:
168:
163:
159:
152:
145:
138:
131:
126:
108:
101:
96:
92:
84:
70:
56:
51:
39:
35:
30:
2071:Lancaster House Treaties
1561:Christian existentialism
1521:Ancient Roman philosophy
1511:Ancient Greek philosophy
586:
354:
58:Traditional Chinese
2197:Alternative place names
1849:Equality before the law
1056:Romano-Germanic culture
591:Europe was also called
583:to Europe and America.
72:Simplified Chinese
2011:Eastern European Group
1600:Continental philosophy
1531:Judeo-Christian ethics
1516:Hellenistic philosophy
997:Cradle of civilization
911:Ricci, Matteo (2009).
243:(Eastern Roman Empire)
2131:Three Seas Initiative
2106:Pacific Islands Forum
1971:British–Irish Council
1719:Greek Orthodox Church
1178:Industrial Revolution
1148:Scientific Revolution
2126:Special Relationship
1536:Christian philosophy
1481:Western Christianity
1143:Age of Enlightenment
1017:Hellenistic Kingdoms
2151:West Nordic Council
2016:Eastern Partnership
1605:Analytic philosophy
1306:Classical tradition
1128:Early modern period
1084:Classical antiquity
1079:European Bronze Age
850:. RoutledgeCurzon.
617:Taisei naika shusei
496:The "Western Sea" (
195:Part of a series on
1610:Post-structuralism
1573:Christian humanism
1203:Universal suffrage
890:Mungello, David E.
641:Southern barbarian
609:Taisei gankazensho
581:diplomatic mission
2192:Regions of Europe
2174:
2173:
2001:Council of Europe
1903:International law
1856:Constitutionalism
1714:Eastern Orthodoxy
1220:Post–Cold War era
1153:Age of Revolution
1007:Greco-Roman world
922:978-0-231-14924-2
903:978-0-7425-5799-4
857:978-1-136-83173-7
838:978-88-7041-368-7
613:Taisei honzomeiso
603:period. The term
566:
548:
530:
479:
308:
307:
213:(Parthian Empire)
190:
189:
182:
181:
122:
121:
103:Standard Mandarin
2224:
2046:EU Customs Union
1578:Secular humanism
1526:Christian ethics
1476:East–West Schism
1459:Physical culture
1183:Great Divergence
1133:Age of Discovery
972:
965:
958:
949:
948:
943:
926:
907:
885:
870:Amerasia Journal
861:
842:
811:
805:
799:
793:
787:
781:
775:
769:
763:
757:
751:
745:
739:
733:
727:
721:
715:
709:
703:
697:
686:
680:
658:
656:
650:
649:
638:
636:
630:
629:
621:Aizawa Seishisai
567:
564:
561:
549:
546:
543:
531:
528:
525:
512:
503:
480:
477:
474:
454:
445:
421:
412:
403:
394:
300:
293:
286:
273:(Southeast Asia)
192:
191:
178:
177:
161:
160:
155:
154:
141:
140:
118:
117:
94:
93:
80:
79:
66:
65:
44:
28:
27:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2212:Western culture
2177:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2136:UKUSA Agreement
2076:Lublin Triangle
1961:Baltic Assembly
1913:
1907:
1825:
1662:
1497:
1367:Eurolinguistics
1236:
1225:Information age
1198:Interwar period
1065:
985:
976:
946:
923:
904:
858:
839:
819:
814:
806:
802:
794:
790:
782:
778:
770:
766:
758:
754:
746:
742:
734:
730:
722:
718:
710:
706:
698:
689:
681:
674:
670:
665:
644:
624:
589:
577:Chushi Taixi Ji
383:concept of the
373:semantic change
357:
352:
304:
202:Chinese exonyms
85:Literal meaning
47:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2230:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2166:Westernization
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2146:Visegrád Group
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2086:Nordic Council
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1981:Bucharest Nine
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1946:Arctic Council
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1917:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1841:
1835:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1672:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1556:Existentialism
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1507:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1456:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1291:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1274:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1246:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1227:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1089:Late antiquity
1081:
1075:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1004:
999:
993:
991:
987:
986:
975:
974:
967:
960:
952:
945:
944:
927:
921:
908:
902:
886:
862:
856:
843:
837:
825:Brook, Timothy
820:
818:
815:
813:
812:
800:
788:
776:
774:, p. 102.
764:
752:
750:, p. 262.
740:
728:
716:
714:, p. 264.
704:
687:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
588:
585:
356:
353:
351:
348:
306:
305:
303:
302:
295:
288:
280:
277:
276:
275:
274:
268:
262:
256:
250:
244:
238:
232:
226:
220:
219:(Roman Empire)
214:
205:
204:
197:
196:
188:
187:
184:
183:
180:
179:
172:
166:
165:
164:Transcriptions
157:
156:
149:
143:
142:
135:
129:
128:
124:
123:
120:
119:
112:
106:
105:
99:
98:
97:Transcriptions
90:
89:
86:
82:
81:
74:
68:
67:
60:
54:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2229:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2111:PROSUR/PROSUL
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2006:Craiova Group
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1921:ABCANZ Armies
1919:
1918:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1727:
1726:Protestantism
1724:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1646:Sovereigntism
1644:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1541:Scholasticism
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1231:
1230:War on terror
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1123:Modern period
1121:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
992:
988:
984:
980:
979:Western world
973:
968:
966:
961:
959:
954:
953:
950:
941:
937:
933:
928:
924:
918:
914:
909:
905:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
853:
849:
844:
840:
834:
830:
826:
822:
821:
809:
804:
797:
792:
785:
780:
773:
768:
761:
760:Mungello 2009
756:
749:
744:
738:, p. 19.
737:
732:
726:, p. 87.
725:
720:
713:
708:
702:, p. 71.
701:
696:
694:
692:
684:
683:Mungello 2009
679:
677:
672:
660:
655:
642:
635:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
584:
582:
578:
574:
573:United States
569:
557:
553:
539:
535:
521:
517:
513:
507:
499:
494:
492:
491:Jiren shipian
488:
484:
470:
466:
461:
459:
455:
449:
441:
437:
433:
432:Son of Heaven
429:
426:In his essay
424:
422:
416:
408:
404:
398:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:Western world
317:
313:
301:
296:
294:
289:
287:
282:
281:
279:
278:
272:
269:
266:
263:
261:(Mesopotamia)
260:
257:
254:
251:
248:
245:
242:
239:
236:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
209:
208:
207:
206:
203:
199:
198:
194:
193:
185:
173:
171:
167:
162:
158:
150:
148:
144:
136:
134:
130:
127:Japanese name
125:
113:
111:
107:
104:
100:
95:
91:
87:
83:
75:
73:
69:
61:
59:
55:
50:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
21:Taixi, Yunlin
2217:Asiacentrism
2156:Western Bloc
1956:AUSCANNZUKUS
1912:Contemporary
1861:Human rights
1707:Latin Church
1681:Christianity
1631:
1590:Conservatism
1435:contemporary
1272:Architecture
1208:World War II
1168:Emancipation
1163:Abolitionism
1051:Romanization
1046:Roman legacy
1027:Roman Empire
931:
912:
893:
873:
869:
866:Lai, H. Mark
847:
828:
810:, p. 5.
803:
796:Goodman 2000
791:
786:, p. 5.
784:Goodman 2000
779:
767:
762:, p. 9.
755:
743:
731:
719:
707:
685:, p. 8.
616:
612:
608:
604:
592:
590:
576:
570:
551:
533:
515:
509:
495:
490:
483:taixi zhixue
482:
464:
462:
457:
451:
427:
425:
418:
400:
377:Matteo Ricci
369:Ming dynasty
358:
340:Matteo Ricci
311:
309:
234:
170:Romanization
110:Hanyu Pinyin
52:Chinese name
25:
2096:Open Balkan
1914:integration
1844:Rule of law
1839:Natural law
1816:Agnosticism
1794:Hellenistic
1772:Anglo-Saxon
1702:Catholicism
1641:Atlanticism
1546:Rationalism
1352:Immigration
1335:Esotericism
1193:World War I
1158:Romanticism
1138:Reformation
1118:Renaissance
1096:Middle Ages
1061:Christendom
990:Foundations
436:Sinocentric
381:Eurocentric
200:Historical
2181:Categories
2116:Rio Treaty
1627:Relativism
1585:Liberalism
1551:Empiricism
1503:Philosophy
1491:Secularism
1442:Philosophy
1379:Literature
1173:Capitalism
748:Brook 2009
736:Ricci 2009
724:Ricci 2009
712:Brook 2009
700:Ricci 2009
663:References
361:Inner Asia
328:Inner Asia
249:(Khwarezm)
225:(Ferghana)
2061:Five Eyes
2056:EU–UK TCA
1898:Democracy
1787:Old Norse
1676:Abrahamic
1633:Peritrope
1615:Tolerance
1595:Socialism
1425:Mythology
1413:Classical
1362:Languages
1340:Astrology
1188:Modernism
1002:Old World
940:1884-9350
892:(2009) .
808:Tsai 2011
668:Citations
465:tàixī xué
231:(Bactria)
2121:Schengen
2051:Eurozone
1891:Property
1886:Religion
1777:Frankish
1767:Germanic
1747:Paganism
1668:Religion
1656:European
1568:Humanism
1471:Religion
1430:Painting
1396:Internet
1347:Folklore
1318:Clothing
1289:Calendar
1265:Cyrillic
1250:Alphabet
1213:Cold War
772:Lai 1978
634:shinshuu
487:postface
385:Far East
344:Far East
312:Far West
247:Huanqian
237:(Europe)
235:Far West
88:Far West
31:Far West
1966:Benelux
1871:Thought
1821:Atheism
1762:Finnish
1738:Culture
1733:Judaism
1695:Eastern
1691:Western
1686:Culture
1620:Paradox
1486:Decline
1447:Science
1323:History
1311:Studies
1294:Cuisine
1282:Periods
1242:Culture
1071:History
1037:Eastern
1032:Western
983:culture
817:Sources
597:Rangaku
556:Chinese
538:Chinese
520:Chinese
514:) and
498:Chinese
469:Chinese
440:Chinese
407:Chinese
389:Chinese
371:. This
350:History
271:Nanyang
267:(Japan)
259:Tiaozhi
255:(India)
253:Tianzhu
1986:CANZUK
1876:Speech
1804:Slavic
1782:Gothic
1757:Celtic
1752:Baltic
1651:Values
1452:Values
1012:Greece
938:
919:
900:
854:
835:
654:Nanban
605:taisei
601:Sakoku
593:taisei
558::
540::
522::
516:yuanxi
511:xī hǎi
508::
506:pinyin
500::
471::
450::
448:pinyin
442::
417::
415:pinyin
409::
402:xiǎoxī
399::
397:pinyin
391::
336:exonym
316:Europe
223:Dayuan
176:taisei
2141:USMCA
1996:CEFTA
1951:AUKUS
1941:ANZUS
1936:ANZUK
1881:Press
1799:Roman
1464:Sport
1408:Chant
1403:Music
1391:Media
1384:Canon
1330:Dance
1260:Latin
1255:Greek
1101:early
587:Japan
534:xiren
458:taixi
453:zuìxī
365:India
355:China
332:India
241:Fulin
229:Daxia
217:Daqin
133:Kanji
116:tàixī
2101:OSCE
2081:NATO
2026:EFTA
1991:CBSS
1976:BSEC
1866:Life
1418:Folk
1299:Diet
1111:late
1106:high
1022:Rome
981:and
936:ISSN
917:ISBN
898:ISBN
852:ISBN
833:ISBN
565:lit.
552:xiru
547:lit.
529:lit.
478:lit.
420:dàxī
363:and
330:and
310:The
211:Anxi
153:たいせい
147:Kana
2091:OAS
2036:ESA
2031:EPC
2021:EEA
1926:AER
1831:Law
1809:Neo
1357:Law
1277:Art
878:doi
473:泰西學
423:).
2183::
2066:G7
2041:EU
872:.
690:^
675:^
659:.
651:,
648:南蠻
631:,
628:神州
562:;
560:西儒
544:;
542:西人
526:;
524:遠西
504:;
502:西海
475:;
446:;
444:最西
413:;
411:大西
395:;
393:小西
265:Wa
139:泰西
78:泰西
64:泰西
1693:/
971:e
964:t
957:v
942:.
925:.
906:.
884:.
880::
874:5
860:.
841:.
657:)
645:(
643:"
637:)
625:(
554:(
536:(
518:(
467:(
299:e
292:t
285:v
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
