Amintore Fanfani - Knowledge

2361: 2122: 2538: 7624: 7012: 8208: 5760: 8250: 8001: 1753:. As Minister of Labour, he developed the so-called "Fanfani house" program for government-built workers' homes and put 200,000 of Italy's unemployed to work on a reforestation program. As Minister of Agriculture, he set in motion much of the Christian Democrats' land reform program. On 28 February 1949, Fanfani launched a seven-year plan for popular housing to increase the stock of economic housing by means of construction or purchase of economic accommodation. The law also established a special housing fund, the so-called "INA-Casa", within the National Institute for Insurance ( 8180: 7976: 8264: 2584: 8029: 8524: 7934: 8896: 8222: 5947: 8482: 5676: 8415: 7962: 8921: 8015: 2160:, while general improvements to cash benefits were carried out: all pensions were to be adjusted every third year to the minimum contractual wage in the respective industrial sector, while earnings-replacement rates were raised to correspond to contractual disability rates. In February 1963, improved health benefits for agricultural workers, with the introduction of free pharmaceutical assistance and the flat-rate sickness indemnity replaced by an earnings-related indemnity equal to 50% of minimum contractual pay (in each 5767: 8675: 9114: 8963: 7920: 8798: 2501: 8141: 8868: 8057: 2687: 2216: 8566: 8633: 8812: 8113: 8784: 1833: 3419: 8552: 8387: 8882: 8401: 8580: 8331: 8278: 7948: 8703: 8647: 2255:, the Christian Democrats lost almost one million votes, gaining nearly 38%, while the PCI arrived second with 25%. However the liberals surged to 7%, their best results ever, receiving many votes from former Christian Democratic supporters, who were against Fanfani's centre-left policies. With the decline of electoral support, on 22 June 1963, the majority of DC members decided to replace Fanfani with a provisional government led by impartial 9086: 9019: 8689: 8443: 8429: 8194: 8099: 8770: 9100: 9047: 9033: 8854: 8717: 8594: 8496: 8359: 8292: 8166: 8991: 8745: 8731: 8373: 8127: 9072: 8949: 8661: 9711: 9496: 9291: 8977: 8510: 8317: 7631: 7018: 8826: 8935: 8619: 8085: 8071: 8468: 9005: 8840: 8345: 8236: 8538: 8043: 2614:, Cossiga was elected as president with 752 votes out of 977. His candidacy was endorsed by the DC, but supported also by communists, socialists, social democrats, liberals and republicans. This was the first time an Italian presidential candidate had won the election on the first ballot, where a two-thirds majority is necessary. On 9 July 1985, Fanfani was re-elected President of the Senate, for a third term. 6187: 2426:, which was approved by the parliament in 1970. Those voting "yes" wanted to outlaw divorce as had been the case before the law came into effect, and those voting "no" wanted to retain the law and their newly gained right to divorce. The voting method caused significant confusion with many people not understanding that they had to vote "no" to be able to divorce or vote "yes" to outlaw divorce. 3015: 2973: 2933: 2893: 2853: 2812: 1726:, which would remain his political stronghold for all his career. As a constituent, he was appointed in the Commission that drafted the text of the new Republican Constitution. The first article of the new constitution reflected Fanfani's philosophy. He proposed an article, which read: "Italy is a democratic republic founded on labor." After two years, in the 4346: 1955: 2059:(PLI) withdrew its support to Segni's government, Fanfani cooperated with Moro, attempting to establish a new centre-left government, with a case-by-case socialist support. However, this pact was strongly opposed by ecclesiastical hierarchies as well as the usual opposition of the DC's right-wing. After Fanfani's failure, 49: 2082:, had to refuse any relationship with fascist and monarchist forces, seen as anti-constitutional groups. Strikes and revolts causing some casualties erupted through the country, and Tambroni had to resign within few months. On 26 July 1960, Fanfani returned to the premiership, this time with an openly 2579:

of forming a new government and sworn in on 1 December 1982. The cabinet was composed by members of DC, PSI, PSDI, and PLI. Fanfani resigned on 29 April 1983, when, after months of tense relations in the majority, the central committee of the Socialist Party, meeting on 22 April, decided the withdrew

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During this term as prime minister, Fanfani carried out a number of reforms in areas such as health, education, and social security. On 8 April 1962 the cabinet introduced broad provisions covering building areas. Local governments were obliged to provide plans of areas suitable for economic housing,

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style, as well as his reputation as an economic reformer, ensured that the moderate and the right-wingers within the DC, who opposed the state's intrusion into the country's economic life, regarded him with distrust. His indefatigable energy and his passion for efficiency carried him far in politics,

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but which gradually lost its appeal. "Capitalism requires such a dread of loss," he once wrote, "such a forgetfulness of human brotherhood, such a certainty that a man's neighbour is merely a customer to be gained or a rival to be overthrown, and all these are inconceivable in the Catholic conception

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ideas of the regime promoting collaboration between the classes, which he defended in many articles. "Some day", he once wrote, "the European continent will be organized into a vast supranational area guided by Italy and Germany. Those areas will take authoritarian governments and synchronize their

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In March 1978, the political crisis was overcome by the intervention of Aldo Moro, who proposed a new cabinet, again formed only by Christian Democratic politicians, but with positive confidence votes from the other parties, including Berlinguer's PCI. This cabinet was formed on 16 March 1978, the

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During the kidnapping of his long-time friend but also rival, despite Andreotti and Cossiga's positions, Fanfani did not refuse every possibility of negotiations with the terrorists. Moro was killed by the Red Brigades in May 1978. Fanfani was the only Christian Democratic leader to be allowed by

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On 5 July 1976, Fanfani was elected President of the Senate for a second term, a position that he held until 1 December 1982. In that new political phase he had to significantly reduce his ambitions of holding an active political role, acting like sober and low-profile statesman. Meanwhile, on 30

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Fanfani held all positions and offices that a politician could possibly aspire to, except the one he craved most, the presidency of the Republic. His authoritarian nature and factionalism within the Christian Democracy turned out to be the biggest obstacles to the emergence of "Fanfanism", the

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The unprecedented concentration of power that he had achieved was also the main reason of his second government's decline. The outraged conservative opposition resulted in a progressive breakdown of the internal majority faction, "Democratic Initiative". In January 1959, a conspicuous group of

1643:. They formed a group known as the "little professors" who lived ascetically in monastery cells and walked barefoot. They formed the nucleus of Democratic Initiative, an intensely Catholic but economically reformist wing of the post-war Christian Democratic Party, holding meetings to discuss 2152:

to the age of 14 and introduced a single unified curriculum, lasting for a 3-year period after primary education. On 12 August 1962, Fanfani introduced a supplementary pension payment, equal to one-twelfth of the annual amount of pension minima, while also introducing child supplements for

2621:. This caused the immediate fall of the cabinet and the formation of a new government led again by Fanfani. Even though he was a close friend of Craxi, the socialist leader did not participate in the swearing in ceremony, sending the Undersecretary to the Presidency of the Council 2025:. However, he failed to leave a mark in domestic politics, despite his ambitious proposal of a 10-year plan for the development of public school, which was approved by the Parliament but not implemented. His economic policy was characterized by an increasing public spending. 4084: 1766:

magazine. Once, when someone proposed Fanfani for yet another ministry, De Gasperi refused. "If I keep on appointing Fanfani to various ministries," he said, "I am sure that one of these days I will open the door to my study and find Fanfani sitting at my desk."

2633:, that were excluded from the government, while the Christian Democrats abstained. Fanfani presented his resignation after only 11 days as head of government, causing the early dissolution of the houses. He would remain in office until 29 July 1987, when after 2383:, President Saragat gave Fanfani the task of forming a new center-left government, but his proposal to bring in the cabinet, all the parties' secretaries was not accepted, because was seen as an excessive way to strengthen the government, in contrast to the 4434: 1864:

but he was rarely able to exploit fully the opportunities that he created. As an anonymous Christian Democrat bigwig once remarked: "Fanfani has colleagues, associates, acquaintances and subordinates, but I have never heard much about his friends."

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In 1992, Fanfani was elected to the prestigious office of chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Senate and held the role until 1994. In January 1994, he supported the dissolution of the Christian Democracy, which had been overwhelmed by

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of Aldo Moro. In December 1965, he was forced to resign after the publication of an unauthorized interview, in which he harshly criticised the government and the United States. However, after only two months, he returned to the office in Moro's

1970:, Fanfani run as secretary of the Christian Democrats and main candidate to become the next prime minister. The electoral result was similar to the one of five years before. The Christian Democrats gained 42.4% of votes, nearly doubling 1815:

However, the cabinet lasted only 23 days when it failed to win approval in the Parliament, being rejected by the Chamber of Deputies with 260 votes in favor, 303 votes against and 12 abstentions out of 563 present. On 10 February 1954,

3113: 2440:; while most left-wing political forces, including PCI and PSI, supported the "no" faction. Fanfani thought that a "no" victory could have given him the control of in his own party again; in fact other key figures like Moro, Rumor, 1993:. However, a government between DC and PSI was probably too premature due to the strong opposition of DC's right-wing, so, on 2 July 1958, Fanfani was sworn in as new prime minister at the head of a coalition government with the 1702:, the undisputed leader of the party for the following decade. Fanfani represented a particular ideological position, that of conservative Catholics who favoured socio-economic interventionism, which was very influential in the 3431: 2183:, influenced Western politics in favor of reformism, as the best alternative to defeat communism. During his premiership, Fanfani built up a good relation with President Kennedy. The two leaders met the first time during 2114:, who served respectively as ministers of Defence, Budget Interior and Justice. The cabinet was externally supported by PSDI, PRI and PLI. With Fanfani as prime minister and Moro as secretary of the party, the so-called 2394:, Fanfani was proposed as Christian Democracy's candidate for the Presidency of the Republic. Once again the move failed, being weakened by the divisions within his own party and the candidacy of the socialist 2508:

In January 1978, Andreotti's government fell due to the withdrawal of support from the PCI, which wanted to be directly involved in the government, an hypothesis however rejected by the Christian Democracy.

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He then decided not to resign immediately as secretary of the DC, wanting to bring the party behind him, at least until a new congress. He started an active foreign policy, along the lines of the so-called

1824:. Since De Gasperi's retirement in 1953 Fanfani emerged as the most probable successor, a role confirmed by his appointment as party secretary in June 1954, a position that he would held until March 1959. 1389:, Fanfani achieved cabinet rank at a young age and occupied all the major offices of state over the course of a forty-year political career. In foreign policy, he was one of the most vocal supporters of 4527: 4705: 3953: 2455:

of 87.7%, thus allowing the divorce laws to remain in force. The soundly defeat in the divorce referendum forced his resignation as party secretary in July 1975. The new secretary of the party was

9742: 1662:", in which he proposed a bold interpretation of the phenomena of capitalism, with particular reference to the conditioning of the religious factors and fundamentally disagree with the thesis of 1974:'s Communist Party, which came second. However, the poor results of the other small centrist and secular parties meant the continuation of the same problems of political instability within the 4649: 2704:

Fanfani is still a controversial figure in Italian politics. Admirers emphasize his reformist agenda and his ambition to cooperate with socialists, laying the groundwork for the birth of the

2629:, composed only of DC ministers with some independent ministers, did not gain the confidence in the Chamber of Deputies, following a surreal vote: it gained the confidence from PSI, PSDI and 10046: 4445: 3175: 2276: 4347:

I Presidenti Leone e Pertini di fronte alla Costituzione e alla crisi del Governo Andreotti IV: fra sequestro Moro, apogeo della solidarietà nazionale ed evoluzione del ruolo presidenziale

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There is an unbridgeable gulf between the Catholic and the capitalist conception of life." Private economic initiative, in his view, was justifiable only if harnessed to the common good.

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In party's congress in October 1959, Moro was slightly confirmed secretary, after a thought battle with Fanfani, who was defeated thanks to the decisive vote of the right-wing faction of

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while he was working at the presidential palace; he only partially recovered and decided to resign. Fanfani tried to be elected president, running against DC's official candidate,

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and the urban reform remained uncompleted, due to a strong internal opposition within the DC. Moreover, the new international balance of power marked by the presidency of

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policy produced a significant mistrust of the Italian industrial class and the right-wing of the Christian Democracy; multinational potentates opposed the opening to the

7317: 2599:. The Christian Democrats in fact lost more than five percentage points from the previous election, while the PSI gained ground. On 4 August 1983, the socialist leader 10026: 9640: 9440: 1867:

In May 1955, Einaudi's term as president of the Italian Republic came to an end, and Parliament had to choose his successor. Fanfani was promoting for the office the

6445: 2956: 2916: 2876: 2836: 2793: 2560:, a member of the Republican Party, was appointed prime minister, becoming the first non-Christian Democrat to hold the office since the foundation of the republic. 2486:

composed only by Christian Democrats but with the abstention of the PCI. The cabinet, who was led by Andreotti, was nicknamed "Government of the non-no-confidence".

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The DC and the neo-fascist MSI intensely campaigned for a yes vote to abolish the law and make divorce illegal again. Their main themes were the safeguarding of the

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Christian Democrats started voting against their own government, forcing Fanfani to resign on 26 January 1959, after only six months in power. On 16 February 1959,

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succeeded Fanfani at the head of the government. De Mita accused Fanfani for the electoral defeat and did not candidate him as President of the Senate, preferring

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In February 1962, after the national congress of the Christian Democracy, Fanfani reorganised his cabinet and gained the benign abstention of the socialist leader

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still hold the record as the only statesmen to have served as prime minister of Italy in five non-consecutive periods of office. He was sometimes nicknamed

4422: 2737: 4718: 3443: 9180: 7883: 7417: 7397: 7372: 3114:"La politica mediterranea dell'Italia. Il governo italiano e la Democrazia Cristiana di fronte al mondo arabo negli anni del centro-sinistra (1963–1972)" 9680: 9275: 9270: 9250: 5922: 3964: 3524: 3917: 2360: 6724: 5707: 4939: 4320: 3988: 9901: 9779: 9650: 9375: 7899: 6470: 5487: 9170: 7310: 3705: 3124: 1840:

As secretary, he reorganized and rejuvenated the national party organization of the Christian Democrats, decreasing its strong dependence on the

4804: 3766: 2267:, secretary of the DC and leader of the more leftist wing of the party, became the new prime minister and ruled Italy for more than four years. 2263:; however in autumn, when the congress of the Socialist Party authorized a full engagement of the party into the government, Leone resigned and 10011: 9986: 7876: 4929: 3976: 1738: 1425: 839: 4609: 10006: 9981: 9956: 9280: 9245: 6438: 5592: 5567: 3835: 3738: 3576: 3536: 3363: 2398:, who received votes from PCI, PSI and some PSDI members. Fanfani retired after several unsuccessful ballots and, at the twenty-third round, 4202: 3851: 2402:, who was Fanfani's rival in the 1964 election, was finally elected with a centre-right majority. On 10 March 1972, Leone appointed Fanfani 10001: 9991: 9976: 9961: 9951: 9149: 6717: 4273: 3619: 4410: 9996: 9971: 9946: 9936: 9891: 317: 3777: 3228: 9916: 7303: 4308: 2463:

who was initially supported by Fanfani, but after his ideas of starting a cooperation with the Communist Party, Fanfani, Andreotti and

1559:. He was the author of a number of important works on economic history dealing with religion and the development of capitalism in the 10056: 9966: 9529: 4503: 2563:

In November 1982, Spadolini was forced to resign due to the so-called "godmothers' quarrel", a political conflict between ministers

6454: 6431: 5315: 5230: 5203: 2351: 3157: 9931: 9324: 6846: 1698:(DC), of which his friend Dossetti was serving as deputy secretary. He was as one of the youngest party leaders and a protégé of 7472: 7407: 6861: 6054: 6039: 3788: 2664:. However, tensions between Christian Democrats and Socialists continued growing and De Mita was forced to resign in July 1989. 1545: 1313: 9906: 5915: 3342: 1754: 1617:

of any position in the government, university or professions which many previously had. Fanfani also became a professor at the

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The Christian Democracy resulted even more polarized between Fanfani's leftist faction and the opposite one which urged for a

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and the national government which had typified the De Gasperi period. During his tenure, he built a close relation with

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In June 1973 Fanfani was elected secretary of the Christian Democracy for a second term, replacing his former protégé

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On 26 September 1968, Fanfani lost his wife, Biancarosa, who died of cerebral venous thrombosis, at only 54-year-old.

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family. His father, Giuseppe Fanfani (1878–1943), was a carpenter's son who succeeded in studying and graduating in

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and established closer relations with the Arab world. In domestic policy, he was known for his cooperation with the

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succeeded in gaining the majority of votes. Fanfani's reckless action against Leone caused him even more enmities.

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On 22 April 1939, Fanfani married Biancarosa Provasoli, a 25-year-old lady who grew up in a bourgeois family from

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for the sake of what was called "national solidarity", despite its refusal to accept several previous requests.

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On 19 January 1963, the government proposed a bill that extended the insurance against occupational diseases to

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sworn in as new prime minister. Fanfani's first government was the shortest-lived cabinet in the history of the

10016: 6756: 6500: 5954: 5597: 2992: 2708:, of which he is widely considered one of the main founding fathers. Critics condemn his centralized and often 2347: 1784: was forced to resign, after a strong confrontation with many members of DC, regarding the appointment of 1023: 8134: 4902: 2514: 1737:

Under De Gasperi, Fanfani took on a succession of ministries. From June 1947 until January 1950, he served as

1397:, which brought to an alliance that radically changed the country, by such measures as the nationalization of 9522: 9210: 7249: 4538: 4050: 3042: 2986: 2946: 2906: 2866: 2826: 2787: 2782: 2705: 2634: 2592: 2343: 2252: 2227: 1967: 1949: 1727: 1715: 1106: 4550: 3319: 3135: 2474:, a widow and strong-willed woman engaged in multiple voluntary activities, nationally and internationally. 8875: 8394: 6951: 6570: 5744: 5553: 4296: 3261: 1990: 1933: 1760:"He can keep going for 36 hours on catnaps, apples and a few sips of water," according to a news report in 1719: 1674:

armed forces on 8 September 1943, the group disbanded. Until the Liberation in April 1945, Fanfani fled to

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pensioners. Moreover, on 5 March 1963, he introduced a voluntary pension insurance scheme for housewives.

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Growth to Limits: The Western European Welfare States Since World War II Volume 4 edited by Peter Flora

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In his three years rule, thanks to the key support of the PSI, Fanfani approved the nationalization of

2074:(MSI). The MSI had been banned by any type of political power since its birth under the theory of the " 1475:("Purebred Horse"), thanks to his innate political ability; however, his detractors simply called him " 1433: 1032: 496: 36: 9026: 8271: 2195:. Some analysts reported that Kennedy considered Fanfani an example of Catholic reformism. During the 2009:", implementing a more autonomous foreign policy from the United States, presenting Italy as the main 9896: 9876: 9635: 9107: 7623: 7542: 7011: 6886: 6124: 3390: 2319:. During his ministry, he implemented a strong pro-European politics, advocating a strengthen of the 1903: 1449: 7868: 9570: 9515: 9360: 8998: 8545: 8187: 8064: 7792: 4435:

L'VIII Legislatura al capolinea: il Governo Fanfani V e la crisi dei partiti nei primi anni Ottanta

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reflected that Fanfani's commitment to public service inspired the values of the state broadcaster

1998: 8201: 8682: 7547: 6891: 6801: 6796: 6786: 6776: 6129: 5994: 5342: 5288: 5091: 5037: 5010: 4168: 4132: 2495: 2365: 2350:, being elected in the constituency of Arezzo, with 41,070 votes. On 5 June 1968, he was elected 2071: 1986: 1917:

front, on 29 April 1955 Gronchi was elected President of the Republic with 658 votes out of 883.

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which dominated Italian politics. On 27 March 1970, Rumor was sworn in as prime minister again.

9435: 9310: 9225: 9040: 8847: 8078: 1671: 1579: 1564: 1217: 8461: 5759: 4756: 3102: 3054: 2575:. Fanfani, who was still serving as President of the Senate, received the task from President 2033:

sworn in as new prime minister. In March 1959, Fanfani resigned as party's secretary too, and

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was formed only by DC ministers, and included also members of the party's right-wing, like

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was appointed new prime minister. Tambroni, a right-wing conservative, received a decisive

1921: 1809: 1402: 1390: 585: 8422: 4515: 3941: 3455: 2583: 8: 9720: 8587: 8215: 7492: 7432: 7194: 6069: 5749: 5480: 3420:«Fondata sul lavoro»: l'articolo 1 e il compromesso alla base della Costituzione italiana 2691: 2564: 2451:

Despite Fanfani's activism, the "no" front was defeated by margin of 59.3% to 40.7% on a

2288: 2115: 2095: 2075: 2014: 1555: 1488: 1379: 1279: 1175: 8257: 4144: 3079: 2448:, who believed in the defeat at the referendum, kept a low profile during the campaign. 9829: 9660: 9565: 9550: 9455: 9240: 9158: 8050: 8008: 7797: 7787: 7259: 7239: 7179: 6986: 6791: 6709: 6663: 6658: 6623: 6515: 6358: 6298: 5969: 5870: 5847: 5739: 5685: 5660: 5576: 5465: 5281: 5257: 5223: 5213: 2654: 2626: 2557: 2456: 2145:

while strict price controls for building areas were introduced to prevent speculation.

2064: 1925: 1492: 1453: 953: 474: 429: 141: 8531: 4814: 4003:"Technicians, technical government and non-partisan ministers. The Italian experience" 9849: 9794: 9769: 9670: 9605: 9585: 9555: 9465: 9400: 9385: 9350: 9093: 8956: 8710: 8517: 8436: 8022: 7994: 7857: 7852: 7742: 7682: 7647: 7597: 7552: 7532: 7517: 7507: 7497: 7487: 7462: 7457: 7447: 7437: 7427: 7422: 7224: 7049: 7034: 7001: 6941: 6881: 6851: 6841: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6811: 6771: 6653: 6643: 6638: 6598: 6540: 6535: 6510: 6505: 6378: 6368: 6343: 6288: 6233: 6193: 6169: 6134: 6109: 6094: 6084: 6074: 6044: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 5882: 5841: 5786: 5665: 5645: 5507: 5421: 5325: 5308: 5084: 4872: 4827: 4762: 4636: 4234: 3552: 3060: 2604: 2479: 2445: 2418:, who was now a supporter of centrist policies. As such, he led the campaign for the 2328: 2295:. However, neither Fanfani nor Leone succeeded in being elected, in fact, during the 2060: 1971: 1797: 1785: 1699: 1636: 1606: 1541: 1468: 1386: 976: 862: 810: 620: 406: 394: 200: 84: 7295: 5946: 1985:

policy; Fanfani relaunched his reformist agenda, advocating for a dialogue with the

1666:. This work brought him to the forefront among US Catholics. After the surrender of 1370:

for five separate terms. He was one of the best-known Italian politicians after the

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During his secretariat, he built good relations both with United States President

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dodging military service, and organized university courses for Italian refugees.

1640: 941: 874: 698: 519: 3146: 9690: 9625: 9620: 9615: 9475: 9430: 9425: 9415: 9405: 9345: 9255: 9200: 9175: 9079: 8724: 8654: 8612: 7927: 7847: 7827: 7822: 7782: 7777: 7717: 7567: 7527: 7522: 7512: 7412: 7362: 7284: 7189: 7169: 7079: 7069: 7054: 6976: 6956: 6931: 6866: 6668: 6560: 6475: 6423: 6413: 6403: 6363: 6333: 6318: 6263: 6253: 6243: 6198: 6104: 6099: 6089: 5999: 5859: 5836: 5824: 5640: 5635: 5524: 5389: 5352: 5271: 5250: 5101: 5074: 5057: 5003: 4966: 2638: 2622: 2576: 2500: 2460: 2441: 2433: 2399: 2323:(EEC). Moreover, he was a vocal opponent of US bombing on civilians during the 2292: 2260: 2103: 2022: 2010: 1937: 1883: 1875: 1781: 1750: 1540:(AC), of which he became a local leader after a few years. After attending the 1524: 1457: 1445: 1048: 573: 531: 364: 352: 298: 212: 129: 108: 9645: 9445: 8942: 2203:, it was Fanfani who proposed the withdrawal of medium-range US missiles from 1954: 9870: 9809: 9789: 9590: 9470: 9380: 9333: 9260: 8777: 8763: 8696: 8626: 8503: 8310: 8120: 7842: 7722: 7707: 7687: 7602: 7557: 7477: 7442: 7392: 7279: 7214: 7199: 7149: 7084: 6996: 6871: 6688: 6678: 6673: 6603: 6588: 6495: 6348: 6308: 6273: 6258: 6228: 6213: 6159: 6139: 6119: 6059: 5876: 5807: 5797: 5625: 5615: 5335: 5298: 5111: 5047: 4949: 4682: 4614: 4226: 2709: 2660:

Ciriaco De Mita became the new prime minister and Fanfani held the office of

2600: 2572: 2550: 2452: 2376: 2368: 2284: 2241: 2111: 2030: 1860: 1845: 1800:

composed only by members of the Christian Democracy. He chose, among others,

1793: 1655: 822: 286: 243: 178: 153: 96: 9507: 9127: 4713: 2686: 2037:

became the new leader. After few weeks, he founded a new faction, known as "

9675: 9600: 9580: 9485: 9410: 9365: 9235: 9205: 8914: 8861: 8833: 8805: 8640: 8573: 8559: 8408: 8380: 8285: 8106: 7767: 7697: 7677: 7662: 7652: 7129: 7044: 7039: 6946: 6408: 6393: 6388: 6373: 6353: 6208: 5900: 5379: 5020: 4976: 4864: 2568: 2518: 2215: 2138: 2107: 2045: 2018: 1817: 1614: 1500: 597: 310: 9302: 7941: 2275: 1632:. The couple had two sons and five daughters, born between 1940 and 1955. 1544:

of Arezzo, he graduated in political and economic sciences in 1930 at the

1533:; Fanfani's siblings were similarly named with eclectic or unusual names. 8489: 7955: 7807: 7562: 7254: 6966: 6383: 6144: 4858: 3930:

Scrutini per l'elezione di Giuseppe Saragat a presidente della Repubblica

2716: 2670: 2324: 2192: 2130: 2083: 2068: 1907: 1675: 1651: 1644: 1603: 1560: 4192:

Divorzio, 40 anni fa la "retorica" di Fanfani per fare abrogare la legge

3852:

Il feeling di JFK con Fanfani. 'Gli piaceva, ma non in modo incredibile'

1832: 1686: 48: 8970: 8668: 8324: 8173: 7592: 6218: 5030: 2384: 1879: 1868: 1805: 1659: 1519:. Fanfani, who was the first of nine children, grew up in an observant 1406: 1359: 1326: 1308: 255: 5545: 4743:

Composizione della Commissione permanente Affari esteri ed emigrazione

3608: 1567:

in Europe. His thesis was published in Italian and then in English as

9804: 8889: 8819: 8791: 7898: 7737: 7732: 7144: 7134: 7114: 7104: 6278: 6248: 5438: 5163: 5142: 4654: 3180: 2732: 2712:

political style, which was probably the main reason for his decline.

2430: 2264: 2233: 2034: 2006: 1663: 1516: 1331: 988: 686: 674: 4574:

Il senso del "governo neutrale" in un sistema istituzionale bloccato

2521:(BR). The dramatic situation which followed brought PCI to vote for 1890:, organized an internal coup in order to get the Christian Democrat 1590:

He also wrote for the official magazine of racism in Fascist Italy,

5532: 3204:

Mondo democristiano, mondo cattolico nel secondo Novecento italiano

2724: 2546: 2327:. Fanfani also continued implementing his pro-Arab policies in the 1982: 1914: 1520: 1363: 9710: 9495: 9290: 7630: 7017: 4899: 4823:

The Puzzle of Strikes: Class and State Strategies in Postwar Italy

4203:

Il "no" che cambiò l'Italia: la storia del referendum sul divorzio

1913: (MSI). After a bitter battle and the final crumbling of the 4181:

Referendum divorzio, 45 anni fa il No all'abrogazione della legge

2423: 2188: 2157: 2148:

On 31 December 1962, the Parliament approved a law that extended

2078:", which stated that any government or party which had voted the 1943: 1894:

elected instead. The move received the surprising support of the

1780:

On 12 January 1954, after only 5 months in power, Prime Minister

1496: 1179: 6186: 4562:

Quando Bettino disertò il passaggio di consegne mandandoci Amato

2478:

July 1976, Moro reached an agreement with the Communist leader,

2219:

Amintore Fanfani during a Christian Democracy rally in the late

1989:(PSI), which had stopped its ties with the communists after the 3178:[An indomitable horse of the type Christian Democrat]. 2998: 2204: 1512: 1508: 1069: 4000: 3874:

Fanfani a ruota libera: "Kennedy e Roosevelt li ho ispirati io

2467:, tried to forced Zaccagnini to resignation, but they failed. 1804:, another protégé of De Gasperi, as Minister of the Interior, 7639: 7026: 6580: 6179: 4334:, Italian Chamber of Deputies, ed. M.L. Righi, 2001, p. 183. 3565:

Il nuovo ministero Scelba ha prestato giuramento al Quirinale

2332: 2220: 1707: 1703: 1667: 1629: 1622: 1549: 1207: 1203: 4528:

Quirinale: 1985, ecco il "sardomuto" Cossiga, il picconatore

4274:

Elezione del Presidente del Senato della Repubblica del 1976

4062:

Fanfani: dalla Costituente all'ONU, una vita per la politica

4805:

Estendere l'azione contro il regime autoritario di Fanfani.

2698: 2237: 2210: 2168: 1476: 1398: 1199: 10047:

Academic staff of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore

9750: 4411:

ll divorzio tra Tesoro e Bankitalia e la lite delle comari

2580:

its support to the government, calling for new elections.

2207:, which than resulted in a peaceful ending of the crisis. 2175:

taxation. Only the implementation of the ordinary statute

1378:. He is also considered one of the founders of the modern 2748: 2245: 1849: 1770: 1504: 10037:

Permanent Representatives of Italy to the United Nations

6739: 5715: 2335:. From 1965 to 1966, he also served as President of the 1440:

for three terms between 1968 and 1987. He was appointed

5514: 3954:

Quirinale: 1964, via crucis per Leone, ce la fa Saragat

2617:

In April 1987, De Mita decided to drop his support for

2542: 2270: 1827: 4678:"Misuriamoci sui problemi tutti insieme in Parlamento" 4157:

Scheda di attività di Amintore Fanfani – V Legislatura

3514:

Cattolico e risorgimentale, Pella e il caso di Trieste

2571:

about the separation between Ministry of Treasury and

2339:, becoming the only Italian to have held this office. 1694:

Upon his return to Italy, he joined the newly founded

7325: 3136:"Ebbe tutte le cariche, gli sfuggì solo il Quirinale" 2595:

resulted in a big loss for DC and its new secretary,

1358:; 6 February 1908 – 20 November 1999) was an Italian 4396:"Comunicato concernente la formazione del Governo". 4321:

Berlinguer, teoria e tecnica del compromesso storico

4309:

Head of Small-Italian Party Is Asked to Form Cabinet

3432:

Elezioni del 1948, Collegio di Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto

3309:

Amintore Fanfani – Dizionario Bibliografico Treccani

1374:

and a historical figure of the left-wing faction of

2625:, to protest against De Mita's decision. Fanfani's 2470:On 3 August 1975, Fanfani married his second wife, 1444:in 1972. Six years later, after the resignation of 4493:Francesco Cossiga – Dizionario biografico Treccani 3125:"Il primo governo di centrosinistra: Fanfani 1962" 1745:, and from July 1953 to January 1954 he served as 1602:). In 1938, he was among the 330 that signed the 10027:Presidents of the United Nations General Assembly 7900:Presidents of the United Nations General Assembly 1978:that had characterised the previous legislature. 9868: 6453: 4754: 4133:Corsa al Quirinale: l'elezione di Giovanni Leone 3863:Fanfani a colloquio con Kennedy alla Casa Bianca 3801:III Legislatura: 12 giugno 1958 - 15 maggio 1963 3567:, in "La Nuova Stampa", 11 February 1954, page 1 2657:nuclear power plant, decided by the government. 1796:as new head of the government. Fanfani formed a 1515:; while his mother Annita Leo (1884–1968) was a 4551:Craxi e De Mita, quando la staffetta era guerra 4286:1976: nasce il governo di solidarietà nazionale 2532: 2232:Despite a good approval in public opinion, his 4400:(in Italian). 7 July 1981. pp. 4318–4319. 4001:Luca Verzichelli; Maurizio Cotta (July 2012). 3706:Amintore Fanfani e la politica estera italiana 3299:, Quotidiano della Basilicata, 6 February 2008 3176:"Un indomabile cavallo di razza democristiano" 3052: 2089: 1944:General election in 1958 and second government 1536:In 1920, at only 12 years old, Fanfani joined 9736: 9537: 9523: 9318: 9157: 9143: 7884: 7311: 6725: 6439: 5916: 5893:Acting heads of state are denoted by italics. 5701: 5561: 3359: 3357: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3250: 2751:, which matured during his political career. 2674:corruption scandal, and the formation of the 2529:Moro's family to participate to the funeral. 1405:, and the introduction of a more progressive 9942:Members of the Constituent Assembly of Italy 5930: 4782:È morto Fanfani. Fu padre del centrosinistra 4748: 4250:Benigno Zaccagnini nel futuro della politica 3717:Il Fanfani II: un governo breve, ma intenso! 3403: 3401: 3399: 3056:Encyclopedia of Contemporary Italian Culture 2331:, and tried to build a closer relation with 1741:; while from July 1951 to July 1953, he was 1635:During the years he spent in Milan, he knew 1448:, he provisionally assumed the functions of 10042:Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore alumni 9332: 4051:La politica araba dell'Italia democristiana 2409: 2354:and remained in office until 26 June 1973. 278:19 January 1954 – 10 February 1954 9743: 9729: 9530: 9516: 9325: 9311: 9150: 9136: 7891: 7877: 7318: 7304: 6732: 6718: 6446: 6432: 5923: 5909: 5708: 5694: 5568: 5554: 4855:Catholicism, Protestantism, and Capitalism 4650:"De Mita: ecco i piani per il mio governo" 4332:Discorsi parlamentari di Enrico Berlinguer 4109:Una crisi improvvida nella vita di Fanfani 3829: 3778:VII Congresso – Firenze, Teatro La Pergola 3732: 3586: 3570: 3530: 3354: 3336: 3320:Amintore Fanfani: quaresime e resurrezioni 3247: 3173: 3091: 2727:, and one by one he lost all his offices. 2690:A portrait of Fanfani as President of the 2649:In Goria's cabinet, Fanfani was appointed 2517:by the left wing terrorist group known as 2489: 2191:, and in 1963, Fanfani was invited at the 1997:(PSDI), and a case-by-case support of the 1932:in August 1956. The brutal suppression of 1852:. They remained key allies until Mattei's 1792:. Fanfani was then appointed by President 1613:) – culminating in laws that stripped the 1554:Economic Repercussions and Effects of the 47: 9912:Italian People's Party (1994) politicians 4297:Il governo della "non sfiducia", nel 1976 3660:Amintore Fanfani e la crisi del comunismo 3625: 3396: 3280: 2086:program supported by the PSI abstention. 1681: 1569:Catholicism, Capitalism and Protestantism 1467:Fanfani and the long-time liberal leader 1038:10 March 1972 – 20 November 1999 4041:, in "Stampa Sera", 23 July 1964, page 1 4039:Giuramento a Segni dei ventisei ministri 3488: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3476: 3174:Ceccarelli, Filippo (21 November 1999). 2685: 2662:Minister of Budget and Economic Planning 2644: 2582: 2536: 2499: 2359: 2274: 2214: 2211:General election in 1963 and resignation 2120: 1953: 1831: 1685: 1587:constitutions with Fascist principles." 1527:, who composed the socialist anthem the 1434:Minister of Budget and Economic Planning 711:5 March 1965 – 30 December 1965 664:24 February 1966 – 25 June 1968 372:President of the Senate of the Republic 121:1 December 1982 – 4 August 1983 27:Italian politician statesman (1908–1999) 9902:Christian Democracy (Italy) politicians 5575: 1314:Catholic University of the Sacred Heart 1269: 1939; died 1968) 1119:25 June 1946 – 31 January 1948 966:16 July 1954 – 31 January 1959 752:2 July 1958 – 16 February 1959 610:16 July 1953 – 19 January 1954 225:2 July 1958 – 16 February 1959 14: 9869: 4586:I Governi privi della fiducia iniziale 4085:Elezioni del 1968 – Collegio di Arezzo 3884:Giovagnoli - Tosi, 2010, pages 477–480 1771:Leader of the party and prime minister 1755:Istituto Nazionale delle Assicurazioni 1452:as chairman of the upper house of the 852:1 June 1947 – 27 January 1950 419:5 July 1976 – 1 December 1982 10012:Senators of Legislature XIII of Italy 9987:Senators of Legislature VIII of Italy 9724: 9511: 9306: 9131: 7872: 7299: 6713: 6427: 5904: 5689: 5549: 5536: 3609:Il neo-atlantismo di Fanfani e Mattei 3473: 3169: 3167: 2306:In March 1965, Fanfani was appointed 1353: 563:29 July 1987 – 13 April 1988 509:13 April 1988 – 23 July 1989 76:18 April 1987 – 29 July 1987 10007:Senators of Legislature XII of Italy 9982:Senators of Legislature VII of Italy 9957:Deputies of Legislature III of Italy 6741:Italian Ministers of Foreign Affairs 5717:Heads of state of Italy (since 1861) 5537: 5488:President of the UN General Assembly 4886:, Soveria Manelli, Rubbettino, 2005. 4384:Aldo Moro: l'ultimo viaggio nel buio 4357: 4262:E' morta a 97 anni Maria Pia Fanfani 4231:Elections in Europe: A data handbook 2770: 2754: 2701:on 20 November 1999, at the age 91. 2271:Minister and president of the Senate 2257:President of the Chamber of Deputies 1859:However, his activist and sometimes 1828:Secretary of the Christian Democracy 931:17 June 1973 – 25 July 1975 919:Secretary of the Christian Democracy 800:26 July 1951 – 16 July 1953 384:9 July 1985 – 17 April 1987 166:27 July 1960 – 22 June 1963 10002:Senators of Legislature XI of Italy 9992:Senators of Legislature IX of Italy 9977:Senators of Legislature VI of Italy 9962:Deputies of Legislature IV of Italy 9952:Deputies of Legislature II of Italy 4481:La biografia del Presidente Cossiga 3977:Guarda chi c'è in casa del ministro 3159:Gli uomini che fecero la Repubblica 2681: 2637:, a new government was formed with 2185:1956 Democratic National Convention 1775: 1061:5 June 1968 – 9 March 1972 452:5 June 1968 – 26 June 1973 330:15 June 1978 – 9 July 1978 24: 9997:Senators of Legislature X of Italy 9972:Senators of Legislature V of Italy 9947:Deputies of Legislature I of Italy 9937:Ministers of the interior of Italy 9892:People from the Province of Arezzo 9494: 9289: 6185: 5945: 4837: 4539:Biografia di un "cavallo di razza" 4220: 4121:Composizione del Governo Rumor III 4073:Il politico che divorava il potere 3683:Ungheria, la rottura tra PCI e PSI 3164: 2017:, trying to avoid the increase of 1995:Italian Democratic Socialist Party 25: 10073: 9917:Candidates for President of Italy 7327:Italian Ministers of the Interior 4890: 4817:, Encyclopedia of World Biography 4610:"Goria, un addio da protagonista" 4516:L'elezione del Presidente Cossiga 3942:L'elezione del Presidente Saragat 2504:Fanfani and Moro during the 1970s 2375:In March 1970, after the fall of 1928:, culminated to a state visit to 1658:in the historical development of 1241:1.63 m (5 ft 4 in) 1090:8 May 1948 – 4 June 1968 10057:Burials at the Cimitero Flaminio 9967:Presidents of the Italian Senate 9709: 9112: 9098: 9084: 9070: 9045: 9031: 9017: 9003: 8989: 8975: 8961: 8947: 8933: 8919: 8894: 8880: 8866: 8852: 8838: 8824: 8810: 8796: 8782: 8768: 8743: 8729: 8715: 8701: 8687: 8673: 8659: 8645: 8631: 8617: 8592: 8578: 8564: 8550: 8536: 8522: 8508: 8494: 8480: 8466: 8441: 8427: 8413: 8399: 8385: 8371: 8357: 8343: 8329: 8315: 8290: 8276: 8262: 8248: 8234: 8220: 8206: 8192: 8178: 8164: 8139: 8125: 8111: 8097: 8083: 8069: 8055: 8041: 8027: 8013: 7999: 7974: 7960: 7946: 7932: 7918: 7629: 7622: 7016: 7010: 5765: 5758: 5674: 5456:Secretary of Christian Democracy 5429:Secretary of Christian Democracy 4798: 4787: 4775: 4761:. Alpha Test. pp. 177–178. 4736: 4698: 4670: 4642: 4630: 4602: 4590: 4579: 4567: 4555: 4544: 4532: 4521: 4509: 4497: 4486: 4474: 4462: 4450: 4439: 4428: 4416: 4404: 4389: 4169:Legge n. 898 del 1 dicembre 1970 4097:I Presidenti del Senato dal 1948 3767:Si sfalda la corrente fanfaniana 3620:Fanfani, una leadership spuntata 3410:, The Guardian, 22 November 1999 3229:""Amintore Fanfani" – Biografie" 3013: 2971: 2931: 2891: 2851: 2810: 2541:Amintore Fanfani with the other 2472:Maria Pia Vecchi (née Tavazzani) 2240:countries led by Fanfani's ally 2021:'s sphere of influence over the 1936:, saw him coordinating a strong 1874:, who was then President of the 1523:family. Fanfani was named after 5316:President of the Italian Senate 5231:President of the Italian Senate 5204:President of the Italian Senate 4446:Il Governo Fanfani si è dimesso 4377: 4351: 4340: 4325: 4314: 4302: 4290: 4279: 4267: 4255: 4243: 4208: 4196: 4185: 4174: 4162: 4150: 4145:L'elezione del Presidente Leone 4138: 4126: 4114: 4102: 4090: 4078: 4066: 4055: 4044: 4031: 3994: 3982: 3970: 3958: 3947: 3935: 3923: 3911: 3899: 3887: 3878: 3867: 3856: 3845: 3817: 3805: 3794: 3782: 3771: 3760: 3748: 3728:1958 – 1963, II governo Fanfani 3721: 3710: 3699: 3687: 3676: 3664: 3653: 3641: 3613: 3602: 3558: 3546: 3518: 3507: 3495: 3461: 3449: 3437: 3425: 3413: 3384: 3373: 3324: 3313: 3302: 3221: 3209: 3196: 3002: 2960: 2920: 2880: 2840: 2798: 2337:United Nations General Assembly 2299:, the social-democratic leader 1749:in the caretaker government of 1734:, with more than 35,000 votes. 1438:President of the Italian Senate 1288: 1266: 9932:Agriculture ministers of Italy 5598:Presidential standard of Italy 4826:, Cambridge University Press, 4597:Composizione del Governo Goria 4469:Craxi, storia di un riformista 3151: 3147:"Amintore Fanfani" – Biografia 3140: 3129: 3118: 3107: 3073: 3046: 3036: 2715:He had always believed in the 2422:on repealing the law allowing 1836:Fanfani during a rally in 1954 13: 1: 9907:European integration pioneers 4884:La Dc da De Gasperi a Fanfani 4717:. 20 May 1989. Archived from 3029: 2228:1963 Italian general election 2164:) for a maximum of 180 days. 1950:1958 Italian general election 1507:, starting the profession of 1482: 6455:Presidents of Italian Senate 2533:Last terms as prime minister 1355:[aˈmintorefaɱˈfaːni] 7: 5177:Minister of Foreign Affairs 5154:Minister of Foreign Affairs 5119:Minister of Foreign Affairs 5065:Minister of Foreign Affairs 4900:Fondazione Amintore Fanfani 4758:Storia d'Italia (1861–2001) 4360:"Il Memoriale di Aldo Moro" 4229:& Philip Stöver (2010) 3380:Quaderni Svizzeri 1943–1945 3290:Fanfani il "modernizzatore" 3262:"Italy: Moving to the Left" 2321:European Economic Community 2308:Minister of Foreign Affairs 2090:Third and fourth government 1940:propaganda in the country. 1808:as Minister of Finance and 1732:Italian Chamber of Deputies 1619:School of Fascist Mysticism 1422:Minister of Foreign Affairs 1412:Fanfani served in numerous 652:Minister of Foreign Affairs 10: 10078: 10062:Acting presidents of Italy 9927:Foreign ministers of Italy 4820:Franzosi, Roberto (1995). 4398:Gazzetta Ufficiale, n. 184 3824:Il centrosinistra – Storia 3059:. Routledge. p. 302. 2612:1985 presidential election 2493: 2392:1971 presidential election 2297:1964 presidential election 2283:In August 1964, President 2225: 1958:Fanfani, as member of the 1947: 1385:Beginning as a protégé of 9765: 9707: 9546: 9492: 9341: 9287: 9166: 9058: 8907: 8756: 8605: 8454: 8303: 8152: 7987: 7906: 7638: 7619: 7333: 7025: 7008: 6747: 6579: 6461: 6178: 5938: 5891: 5774: 5756: 5723: 5672: 5606: 5583: 5543: 5521: 5512: 5504: 5494: 5485: 5477: 5472: 5462: 5453: 5445: 5435: 5426: 5418: 5413: 5403: 5394: 5386: 5376: 5367: 5359: 5349: 5340: 5332: 5322: 5313: 5305: 5295: 5286: 5278: 5268: 5255: 5247: 5237: 5228: 5220: 5210: 5201: 5193: 5183: 5174: 5160: 5151: 5139: 5129: 5116: 5108: 5098: 5089: 5081: 5071: 5062: 5054: 5044: 5035: 5027: 5017: 5008: 5000: 4990: 4981: 4973: 4963: 4954: 4946: 4936: 4927: 4919: 4914: 4850:, Milan, Mondadori, 1956. 4848:De Gasperi e il suo tempo 4755:Giuseppe Vottari (2004). 3648:Gli Stati Uniti e Fanfani 3408:Obituary Amintore Fanfani 2776: 2773: 2767: 2764: 2761: 2118:period officially began. 1934:1956 Hungarian Revolution 1904:Monarchist National Party 1650:In Milan, Fanfani wrote " 1479:" due to his small size. 1450:President of the Republic 1340: 1319: 1307: 1299: 1245: 1237: 1213: 1189: 1162: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1123: 1112: 1104: 1094: 1083: 1075: 1065: 1054: 1042: 1029: 1021: 1017: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 982: 970: 959: 947: 935: 924: 917: 913: 906: 902: 898: 894: 880: 868: 856: 845: 838: 828: 816: 804: 793: 786: 776: 766: 756: 745: 735: 725: 715: 704: 692: 680: 668: 657: 650: 638: 628: 614: 603: 591: 579: 567: 556: 549: 537: 525: 513: 502: 495: 491: 484: 480: 468: 456: 445: 435: 423: 412: 400: 388: 377: 370: 358: 346: 334: 323: 318:Acting President of Italy 316: 304: 292: 282: 271: 261: 249: 239: 229: 218: 206: 194: 184: 170: 159: 147: 135: 125: 114: 102: 90: 80: 69: 62: 58: 46: 34: 10022:Politicians from Tuscany 9922:Prime ministers of Italy 5932:Prime Ministers of Italy 5414:Party political offices 5370:Minister of the Interior 4984:Minister of the Interior 4905:18 February 2012 at the 4459:, Ministero dell'Interno 4087:, Ministero dell'Interno 3896:, Ministero dell'Interno 3673:, Ministero dell'Interno 3434:, Ministero dell'Interno 3295:18 February 2012 at the 3216:"Lo spirito del welfare" 2651:Minister of the Interior 2587:Amintore Fanfani in 1983 2410:Second term as secretary 2279:Fanfani during the 1970s 1999:Italian Republican Party 1812:as Minister of Defence. 1747:Minister of the Interior 1730:, he was elected to the 1722:for the constituency of 1718:, he was elected to the 1456:, until the election of 1418:Minister of the Interior 908:Party political offices 551:Minister of the Interior 10052:Italian Roman Catholics 10032:Italian anti-communists 5343:Prime Minister of Italy 5289:Prime Minister of Italy 5092:Prime Minister of Italy 5038:Prime Minister of Italy 5011:Prime Minister of Italy 4957:Minister of Agriculture 3343:"Illness in the Family" 3053:Gino Moliterno (2002). 2515:Aldo Moro was kidnapped 2496:Kidnapping of Aldo Moro 2490:Kidnapping of Aldo Moro 2366:United States President 2352:President of the Senate 2072:Italian Social Movement 1987:Italian Socialist Party 1924:and Secretary of State 1911:Italian Social Movement 1902:(PSI), and also of the 1900:Italian Socialist Party 1896:Italian Communist Party 1790:Minister of Agriculture 1743:Minister of Agriculture 1592:The Defence of the Race 1430:Minister of Agriculture 1395:Italian Socialist Party 1368:prime minister of Italy 788:Minister of Agriculture 64:Prime Minister of Italy 9499: 9294: 8093:Prince Wan Waithayakon 6952:Tommasi della Torretta 6190: 5950: 5593:List by time in office 5397:Minister of the Budget 4871:, Bari, Dedalo, 2002, 4706:"De Mita si è dimesso" 3456:VII Governo De Gasperi 3364:"The Little Professor" 2993:Senate of the Republic 2694: 2676:Italian People's Party 2588: 2553: 2505: 2372: 2348:Senate of the Republic 2346:, Fanfani ran for the 2280: 2223: 2134: 2041:" ("New Chronicles"). 1963: 1837: 1691: 1682:Early political career 1580:National Fascist Party 1351:Italian pronunciation: 1230:Italian People's Party 1218:National Fascist Party 1024:Senate of the Republic 1012:Parliamentary offices 497:Minister of the Budget 10017:Italian life senators 9498: 9293: 6571:Tomasi Della Torretta 6501:Fardella di Torrearsa 6189: 5949: 5515:Chairperson of the G7 5407:Paolo Cirino Pomicino 5197:Ennio Zelioli-Lanzini 4205:, Corriere della Sera 4111:, Corriere della Sera 3593:"Out for the Big Win" 3422:, Corriere della Sera 3099:The Puzzle of Strikes 3085:Enciclopedia Treccani 2957:Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto 2917:Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto 2877:Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto 2837:Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto 2794:Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto 2689: 2645:After the premiership 2593:1983 general election 2586: 2540: 2503: 2363: 2344:1968 general election 2278: 2253:1963 general election 2218: 2124: 2057:Italian Liberal Party 1968:1958 general election 1957: 1882:of the party, led by 1835: 1728:1948 general election 1724:Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto 1689: 1611:Manifesto della razza 1600:La difesa della razza 1582:(PNF) supporting the 1414:ministerial positions 1366:, who served as 32nd 1128:Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto 1099:Siena–Arezzo–Grosseto 544:Paolo Cirino Pomicino 463:Ennio Zelioli-Lanzini 9785:Paolo Emilio Taviani 5866:Carlo Azeglio Ciampi 5854:Oscar Luigi Scalfaro 5656:Carlo Azeglio Ciampi 5651:Oscar Luigi Scalfaro 5498:Abdul Rahman Pazhwak 5363:Oscar Luigi Scalfaro 4504:La caduta di Fanfani 4171:, Gazzetta Ufficiale 3650:, Università di Roma 3632:"Danger on the Left" 3444:Governo De Gasperi V 3235:on 27 September 2013 2788:Constituent Assembly 2396:Francesco De Martino 2197:Cuban Missile Crisis 2150:compulsory education 2080:Italian Constitution 1991:Hungarian Revolution 1922:Dwight D. Eisenhower 1810:Paolo Emilio Taviani 1798:one-party government 1720:Constituent Assembly 1574:Under the regime of 1487:Fanfani was born in 1436:. He served also as 1403:compulsory education 1391:European integration 1256:Biancarosa Provasoli 1107:Constituent Assembly 586:Oscar Luigi Scalfaro 486:Ministerial offices 9758:Christian Democracy 7250:Terzi di Sant'Agata 6664:Scognamiglio Pasini 6481:Alfieri di Sostegno 5745:Victor Emmanuel III 5577:Presidents of Italy 5481:Alex Quaison-Sackey 4358:Moro, Aldo (1978). 3812:Governo Fanfani III 3789:Il governo Tambroni 2952:Chamber of Deputies 2912:Chamber of Deputies 2872:Chamber of Deputies 2832:Chamber of Deputies 2730:In an obituary for 2723:Italian version of 2692:UN General Assembly 2565:Beniamino Andreatta 2523:Andreotti's cabinet 2289:cerebral hemorrhage 2287:suffered a serious 2116:Organic Centre-left 2076:Constitutional Arch 2015:Mediterranean Basin 1960:Chamber of Deputies 1696:Christian Democracy 1546:Catholic University 1489:Pieve Santo Stefano 1401:, the extension of 1380:Italian centre-left 1376:Christian Democracy 1280:Maria Pia Tavazzani 1224:Christian Democracy 1176:Pieve Santo Stefano 1078:Chamber of Deputies 9830:Benigno Zaccagnini 9753:Secretaries of the 9500: 9295: 9159:Fanfani VI Cabinet 6862:Starabba di Rudinì 6191: 5951: 5871:Giorgio Napolitano 5848:Giovanni Spadolini 5735:Victor Emmanuel II 5661:Giorgio Napolitano 5466:Benigno Zaccagnini 5282:Giovanni Spadolini 5258:President of Italy 5224:Giovanni Spagnolli 5214:Giovanni Spagnolli 4930:Minister of Labour 4915:Political offices 4861:: IHS Press, 2003. 4853:Amintore Fanfani, 3842:, 12 January 1962. 3694:Governo Fanfani II 3577:"Young Initiative" 3543:, 8 February 1954. 3370:, 25 January 1954. 3080:"Amintore Fanfani" 2738:Filippo Ceccarelli 2706:modern centre-left 2695: 2655:Montalto di Castro 2635:a general election 2619:Craxi's government 2589: 2558:Giovanni Spadolini 2554: 2506: 2457:Benigno Zaccagnini 2373: 2281: 2224: 2135: 2065:vote of confidence 1976:centrist coalition 1964: 1926:John Foster Dulles 1838: 1739:Minister of Labour 1692: 1552:, with the thesis 1493:province of Arezzo 1454:Italian Parliament 1426:Minister of Labour 954:Benigno Zaccagnini 840:Minister of Labour 475:Giovanni Spagnolli 430:Giovanni Spagnolli 142:Giovanni Spadolini 9864: 9863: 9858: 9857: 9850:Mino Martinazzoli 9795:Alcide De Gasperi 9770:Alcide De Gasperi 9718: 9717: 9505: 9504: 9300: 9299: 9125: 9124: 7866: 7865: 7293: 7292: 6707: 6706: 6421: 6420: 5898: 5897: 5883:Sergio Mattarella 5842:Francesco Cossiga 5787:Alcide De Gasperi 5683: 5682: 5666:Sergio Mattarella 5646:Francesco Cossiga 5531: 5530: 5522:Succeeded by 5508:Yasuhiro Nakasone 5495:Succeeded by 5473:Diplomatic posts 5463:Succeeded by 5436:Succeeded by 5422:Alcide De Gasperi 5404:Succeeded by 5377:Succeeded by 5350:Succeeded by 5326:Giovanni Malagodi 5323:Succeeded by 5309:Francesco Cossiga 5296:Succeeded by 5269:Succeeded by 5238:Succeeded by 5211:Succeeded by 5184:Succeeded by 5161:Succeeded by 5130:Succeeded by 5099:Succeeded by 5085:Fernando Tambroni 5072:Succeeded by 5045:Succeeded by 5018:Succeeded by 4991:Succeeded by 4964:Succeeded by 4937:Succeeded by 4869:Il segno della DC 4832:978-0-521-45287-8 4794:Il centrosinistra 4768:978-88-483-0562-4 4724:on 5 October 2016 4457:Elezioni del 1983 4423:Governo Fanfani V 4239:978-3-8329-5609-7 4019:on 4 January 2014 3894:Elezioni del 1963 3671:Elezioni del 1958 3553:I Governo Fanfani 3525:Governo Fanfani I 3391:Alcide De Gasperi 3351:, 18 January 1954 3331:L'addio a Fanfani 3066:978-1-134-75876-0 3027: 3026: 2755:Electoral history 2605:Francesco Cossiga 2545:leaders in 1983, 2480:Enrico Berlinguer 2461:Christian leftist 2446:Francesco Cossiga 2364:Fanfani with the 2329:Mediterranean Sea 2312:second government 2061:Fernando Tambroni 1972:Palmiro Togliatti 1856:in October 1962. 1786:Salvatore Aldisio 1700:Alcide De Gasperi 1637:Giuseppe Dossetti 1607:Manifesto of Race 1542:scientific lyceum 1469:Giovanni Giolitti 1387:Alcide De Gasperi 1344: 1343: 1133: 1132: 994: 993: 977:Alcide De Gasperi 890: 889: 863:Alcide De Gasperi 811:Alcide De Gasperi 621:Alcide De Gasperi 407:Giovanni Malagodi 395:Francesco Cossiga 201:Fernando Tambroni 85:Francesco Cossiga 16:(Redirected from 10069: 9897:Italian fascists 9877:Amintore Fanfani 9835:Flaminio Piccoli 9825:Amintore Fanfani 9815:Flaminio Piccoli 9800:Amintore Fanfani 9775:Attilio Piccioni 9759: 9754: 9745: 9738: 9731: 9722: 9721: 9713: 9532: 9525: 9518: 9509: 9508: 9327: 9320: 9313: 9304: 9303: 9152: 9145: 9138: 9129: 9128: 9117: 9116: 9115: 9103: 9102: 9101: 9089: 9088: 9087: 9075: 9074: 9073: 9050: 9049: 9048: 9036: 9035: 9034: 9022: 9021: 9020: 9008: 9007: 9006: 8994: 8993: 8992: 8980: 8979: 8978: 8966: 8965: 8964: 8952: 8951: 8950: 8938: 8937: 8936: 8924: 8923: 8922: 8899: 8898: 8897: 8885: 8884: 8883: 8871: 8870: 8869: 8857: 8856: 8855: 8843: 8842: 8841: 8829: 8828: 8827: 8815: 8814: 8813: 8801: 8800: 8799: 8787: 8786: 8785: 8773: 8772: 8771: 8748: 8747: 8746: 8734: 8733: 8732: 8720: 8719: 8718: 8706: 8705: 8704: 8692: 8691: 8690: 8678: 8677: 8676: 8664: 8663: 8662: 8650: 8649: 8648: 8636: 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Milanesi 7027:Italian Republic 7020: 7014: 6927:Paternò Castello 6907:Paternò Castello 6892:Visconti-Venosta 6802:Visconti-Venosta 6787:Visconti-Venosta 6777:Visconti-Venosta 6749:Kingdom of Italy 6734: 6727: 6720: 6711: 6710: 6581:Italian Republic 6463:Kingdom of Italy 6448: 6441: 6434: 6425: 6424: 6180:Italian Republic 5940:Kingdom of Italy 5925: 5918: 5911: 5902: 5901: 5831:Amintore Fanfani 5820:Giuseppe Saragat 5814:Cesare Merzagora 5803:Giovanni Gronchi 5793:Enrico De Nicola 5776:Italian Republic 5769: 5762: 5725:Kingdom of Italy 5710: 5703: 5696: 5687: 5686: 5678: 5631:Giuseppe Saragat 5621:Giovanni Gronchi 5611:Enrico De Nicola 5570: 5563: 5556: 5547: 5546: 5538:Amintore Fanfani 5534: 5533: 5505:Preceded by 5492:1965–1966 5478:Preceded by 5460:1973–1975 5446:Preceded by 5433:1954–1959 5419:Preceded by 5401:1988–1989 5387:Preceded by 5374:1987–1988 5360:Preceded by 5333:Preceded by 5320:1985–1987 5306:Preceded by 5293:1982–1983 5279:Preceded by 5263: 5248:Preceded by 5235:1976–1982 5221:Preceded by 5208:1968–1973 5194:Preceded by 5181:1966–1968 5169: 5148: 5140:Preceded by 5133:Attilio Piccioni 5124: 5109:Preceded by 5096:1960–1963 5082:Preceded by 5069:1958–1959 5055:Preceded by 5042:1958–1959 5028:Preceded by 5001:Preceded by 4994:Giulio Andreotti 4988:1953–1954 4974:Preceded by 4961:1951–1953 4947:Preceded by 4934:1947–1950 4920:Preceded by 4912: 4911: 4898: 4844:Giulio Andreotti 4815:Amintore Fanfani 4807: 4802: 4796: 4791: 4785: 4779: 4773: 4772: 4752: 4746: 4740: 4734: 4733: 4731: 4729: 4723: 4710: 4702: 4696: 4695: 4693: 4691: 4674: 4668: 4667: 4665: 4663: 4646: 4640: 4634: 4628: 4627: 4625: 4623: 4606: 4600: 4594: 4588: 4583: 4577: 4571: 4565: 4559: 4553: 4548: 4542: 4536: 4530: 4525: 4519: 4513: 4507: 4501: 4495: 4490: 4484: 4478: 4472: 4466: 4460: 4454: 4448: 4443: 4437: 4432: 4426: 4420: 4414: 4413:, Il Sole 24 Ore 4408: 4402: 4401: 4393: 4387: 4381: 4375: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4364: 4355: 4349: 4344: 4338: 4337: 4329: 4323: 4318: 4312: 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Archived from 4007: 3998: 3992: 3989:Governo Moro III 3986: 3980: 3974: 3968: 3962: 3956: 3951: 3945: 3939: 3933: 3927: 3921: 3915: 3909: 3903: 3897: 3891: 3885: 3882: 3876: 3871: 3865: 3860: 3854: 3849: 3843: 3833: 3827: 3821: 3815: 3809: 3803: 3798: 3792: 3786: 3780: 3775: 3769: 3764: 3758: 3752: 3746: 3739:"Italy's Fanfan" 3736: 3730: 3725: 3719: 3714: 3708: 3703: 3697: 3691: 3685: 3680: 3674: 3668: 3662: 3657: 3651: 3645: 3639: 3629: 3623: 3622:, Il Sole 24 Ore 3617: 3611: 3606: 3600: 3590: 3584: 3574: 3568: 3562: 3556: 3550: 3544: 3534: 3528: 3522: 3516: 3511: 3505: 3499: 3493: 3490: 3471: 3465: 3459: 3453: 3447: 3441: 3435: 3429: 3423: 3417: 3411: 3405: 3394: 3393:, britannica.com 3388: 3382: 3377: 3371: 3361: 3352: 3340: 3334: 3328: 3322: 3317: 3311: 3306: 3300: 3288: 3284: 3278: 3277: 3275: 3273: 3258: 3245: 3244: 3242: 3240: 3231:. Archived from 3225: 3219: 3213: 3207: 3200: 3194: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3171: 3162: 3155: 3149: 3144: 3138: 3133: 3127: 3122: 3116: 3111: 3105: 3095: 3089: 3077: 3071: 3070: 3050: 3044: 3040: 3020: 3017: 3016: 2995: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2938: 2935: 2934: 2898: 2895: 2894: 2858: 2855: 2854: 2821: 2817: 2814: 2813: 2796: 2759: 2758: 2746: 2697:Fanfani died in 2682:Death and legacy 2627:sixth government 2465:Flaminio Piccoli 2404:Senator for life 2301:Giuseppe Saragat 2100:Giulio Andreotti 2096:third government 2050:Giulio Andreotti 1892:Giovanni Gronchi 1888:Giulio Andreotti 1872:Cesare Merzagora 1822:Italian Republic 1802:Giulio Andreotti 1776:First government 1578:, he joined the 1576:Benito Mussolini 1473:Cavallo di Razza 1442:senator for life 1372:Second World War 1357: 1352: 1347:Amintore Fanfani 1292: 1290: 1270: 1268: 1196: 1193:20 November 1999 1184:Kingdom of Italy 1172: 1170: 1158:Personal details 1117: 1088: 1059: 1045: 1036: 1008: 1007: 985: 973: 964: 950: 938: 929: 904: 903: 883: 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1988 4608: 4607: 4603: 4595: 4591: 4584: 4580: 4572: 4568: 4560: 4556: 4549: 4545: 4541:, la Repubblica 4537: 4533: 4526: 4522: 4514: 4510: 4506:, la Repubblica 4502: 4498: 4491: 4487: 4479: 4475: 4467: 4463: 4455: 4451: 4444: 4440: 4433: 4429: 4421: 4417: 4409: 4405: 4395: 4394: 4390: 4386:, la Repubblica 4382: 4378: 4368: 4366: 4362: 4356: 4352: 4345: 4341: 4335: 4330: 4326: 4319: 4315: 4307: 4303: 4295: 4291: 4284: 4280: 4272: 4268: 4264:, la Repubblica 4260: 4256: 4248: 4244: 4225: 4221: 4213: 4209: 4201: 4197: 4190: 4186: 4179: 4175: 4167: 4163: 4155: 4151: 4143: 4139: 4131: 4127: 4119: 4115: 4107: 4103: 4095: 4091: 4083: 4079: 4075:, la Repubblica 4071: 4067: 4060: 4056: 4049: 4045: 4036: 4032: 4022: 4020: 4016: 4005: 3999: 3995: 3987: 3983: 3979:, la Repubblica 3975: 3971: 3965:Governo Moro II 3963: 3959: 3952: 3948: 3940: 3936: 3928: 3924: 3916: 3912: 3906:I Governo Leone 3904: 3900: 3892: 3888: 3883: 3879: 3872: 3868: 3861: 3857: 3850: 3846: 3834: 3830: 3822: 3818: 3810: 3806: 3799: 3795: 3787: 3783: 3776: 3772: 3765: 3761: 3755:Governo Segni I 3753: 3749: 3745:, 16 June 1961. 3737: 3733: 3726: 3722: 3715: 3711: 3704: 3700: 3692: 3688: 3681: 3677: 3669: 3665: 3658: 3654: 3646: 3642: 3630: 3626: 3618: 3614: 3607: 3603: 3591: 3587: 3583:, 12 July 1954. 3575: 3571: 3563: 3559: 3551: 3547: 3535: 3531: 3523: 3519: 3512: 3508: 3500: 3496: 3491: 3474: 3466: 3462: 3454: 3450: 3442: 3438: 3430: 3426: 3418: 3414: 3406: 3397: 3389: 3385: 3378: 3374: 3362: 3355: 3341: 3337: 3333:, la Repubblica 3329: 3325: 3318: 3314: 3307: 3303: 3297:Wayback Machine 3286: 3285: 3281: 3271: 3269: 3260: 3259: 3248: 3238: 3236: 3227: 3226: 3222: 3214: 3210: 3201: 3197: 3187: 3185: 3172: 3165: 3156: 3152: 3145: 3141: 3134: 3130: 3123: 3119: 3112: 3108: 3096: 3092: 3078: 3074: 3067: 3051: 3047: 3041: 3037: 3032: 3018: 3014: 2991: 2976: 2972: 2936: 2932: 2896: 2892: 2856: 2852: 2815: 2811: 2809: 2792: 2757: 2740: 2717:corporate state 2684: 2647: 2597:Ciriaco De Mita 2535: 2498: 2492: 2438:Roman Catechism 2416:Arnaldo Forlani 2412: 2273: 2230: 2213: 2201:Ettore Bernabei 2199:, according to 2181:John F. Kennedy 2127:John F. Kennedy 2092: 1952: 1946: 1930:Washington D.C. 1842:Catholic Church 1830: 1778: 1773: 1690:Fanfani in 1948 1684: 1641:Giorgio La Pira 1538:Catholic Action 1485: 1350: 1336: 1295: 1294: 1291: 1975) 1286: 1282: 1272: 1264: 1260: 1257: 1232: 1228: 1226: 1222: 1220: 1214:Political party 1198: 1194: 1174: 1173:6 February 1908 1168: 1166: 1118: 1113: 1089: 1084: 1060: 1055: 1043: 1037: 1030: 1013: 983: 971: 965: 960: 948: 942:Arnaldo Forlani 936: 930: 925: 909: 886:Achille Marazza 881: 875:Giuseppe Romita 869: 857: 851: 846: 829: 817: 805: 799: 794: 777: 767: 757: 751: 746: 736: 726: 716: 710: 705: 699:Giuseppe Medici 693: 681: 669: 663: 658: 639: 629: 623: 615: 609: 604: 592: 580: 568: 562: 557: 538: 526: 520:Ciriaco De Mita 514: 508: 503: 487: 469: 457: 451: 446: 441:Tommaso Morlino 436: 424: 418: 413: 401: 389: 383: 378: 359: 347: 335: 329: 324: 305: 293: 277: 272: 262: 250: 224: 219: 207: 195: 177: 165: 160: 148: 136: 120: 115: 103: 91: 75: 70: 54: 53:Fanfani in 1965 42: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10075: 10065: 10064: 10059: 10054: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9919: 9914: 9909: 9904: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9879: 9862: 9861: 9856: 9855: 9853: 9852: 9847: 9842: 9837: 9832: 9827: 9822: 9817: 9812: 9807: 9802: 9797: 9792: 9787: 9782: 9780:Giuseppe Cappi 9777: 9772: 9766: 9763: 9762: 9748: 9747: 9740: 9733: 9725: 9716: 9715: 9708: 9706: 9704: 9703: 9698: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9663: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9643: 9638: 9633: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9568: 9566:Vito Lattanzio 9563: 9558: 9553: 9547: 9544: 9543: 9535: 9534: 9527: 9520: 9512: 9503: 9502: 9493: 9491: 9489: 9488: 9483: 9478: 9473: 9468: 9463: 9458: 9453: 9448: 9443: 9438: 9433: 9428: 9423: 9418: 9413: 9408: 9403: 9398: 9393: 9388: 9383: 9378: 9373: 9368: 9363: 9358: 9353: 9348: 9342: 9339: 9338: 9330: 9329: 9322: 9315: 9307: 9298: 9297: 9288: 9286: 9284: 9283: 9278: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9258: 9253: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9167: 9164: 9163: 9155: 9154: 9147: 9140: 9132: 9123: 9122: 9120: 9119: 9105: 9091: 9077: 9062: 9060: 9056: 9055: 9053: 9052: 9041:Muhammad-Bande 9038: 9024: 9010: 8996: 8982: 8968: 8954: 8940: 8926: 8911: 8909: 8905: 8904: 8902: 8901: 8887: 8873: 8859: 8845: 8831: 8817: 8803: 8789: 8775: 8760: 8758: 8754: 8753: 8751: 8750: 8736: 8722: 8708: 8694: 8680: 8666: 8652: 8638: 8624: 8609: 8607: 8603: 8602: 8600: 8599: 8585: 8571: 8557: 8543: 8529: 8515: 8501: 8487: 8473: 8458: 8456: 8452: 8451: 8449: 8448: 8434: 8420: 8406: 8392: 8378: 8364: 8350: 8336: 8322: 8307: 8305: 8301: 8300: 8298: 8297: 8283: 8269: 8255: 8241: 8227: 8216:Quaison-Sackey 8213: 8199: 8185: 8171: 8156: 8154: 8150: 8149: 8147: 8146: 8132: 8118: 8104: 8090: 8076: 8062: 8048: 8034: 8020: 8006: 7991: 7989: 7985: 7984: 7982: 7981: 7967: 7953: 7939: 7925: 7910: 7908: 7904: 7903: 7896: 7895: 7888: 7881: 7873: 7864: 7863: 7861: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7700: 7695: 7690: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7644: 7642: 7636: 7635: 7620: 7618: 7616: 7615: 7610: 7605: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7570: 7565: 7560: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7535: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7515: 7510: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7490: 7485: 7480: 7475: 7470: 7465: 7460: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7390: 7385: 7380: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7350: 7345: 7339: 7337: 7331: 7330: 7323: 7322: 7315: 7308: 7300: 7291: 7290: 7288: 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7227: 7222: 7217: 7212: 7207: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7031: 7029: 7023: 7022: 7009: 7007: 7005: 7004: 6999: 6994: 6989: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6939: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6859: 6854: 6849: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6753: 6751: 6745: 6744: 6737: 6736: 6729: 6722: 6714: 6705: 6704: 6702: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6611: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6585: 6583: 6577: 6576: 6574: 6573: 6568: 6566:Thaon di Revel 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6467: 6465: 6459: 6458: 6451: 6450: 6443: 6436: 6428: 6419: 6418: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6184: 6182: 6176: 6175: 6173: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5957: 5944: 5942: 5936: 5935: 5928: 5927: 5920: 5913: 5905: 5896: 5895: 5892: 5889: 5888: 5886: 5885: 5880: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5860:Nicola Mancino 5856: 5851: 5844: 5839: 5837:Sandro Pertini 5834: 5827: 5825:Giovanni Leone 5822: 5817: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5782: 5780: 5779:(1946–present) 5772: 5771: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5731: 5729: 5721: 5720: 5713: 5712: 5705: 5698: 5690: 5681: 5680: 5673: 5671: 5669: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5641:Sandro Pertini 5638: 5636:Giovanni Leone 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5607: 5604: 5603: 5601: 5600: 5595: 5590: 5584: 5581: 5580: 5573: 5572: 5565: 5558: 5550: 5544: 5541: 5540: 5529: 5528: 5525:Brian Mulroney 5523: 5520: 5511: 5506: 5502: 5501: 5496: 5493: 5484: 5479: 5475: 5474: 5470: 5469: 5464: 5461: 5452: 5447: 5443: 5442: 5437: 5434: 5425: 5420: 5416: 5415: 5411: 5410: 5405: 5402: 5393: 5390:Emilio Colombo 5388: 5384: 5383: 5378: 5375: 5366: 5361: 5357: 5356: 5353:Giovanni Goria 5351: 5348: 5339: 5334: 5330: 5329: 5324: 5321: 5312: 5307: 5303: 5302: 5297: 5294: 5285: 5280: 5276: 5275: 5272:Sandro Pertini 5270: 5267: 5254: 5251:Giovanni Leone 5249: 5245: 5244: 5239: 5236: 5227: 5222: 5218: 5217: 5212: 5209: 5200: 5195: 5191: 5190: 5185: 5182: 5172: 5171: 5162: 5159: 5150: 5141: 5137: 5136: 5131: 5128: 5115: 5110: 5106: 5105: 5102:Giovanni Leone 5100: 5097: 5088: 5083: 5079: 5078: 5075:Giuseppe Pella 5073: 5070: 5061: 5058:Giuseppe Pella 5056: 5052: 5051: 5046: 5043: 5034: 5029: 5025: 5024: 5019: 5016: 5007: 5004:Giuseppe Pella 5002: 4998: 4997: 4992: 4989: 4980: 4975: 4971: 4970: 4967:Rocco Salomone 4965: 4962: 4953: 4948: 4944: 4943: 4938: 4935: 4926: 4921: 4917: 4916: 4910: 4909: 4892: 4891:External links 4889: 4888: 4887: 4882:Luciano Radi, 4880: 4862: 4851: 4839: 4836: 4835: 4834: 4818: 4809: 4808: 4797: 4786: 4774: 4767: 4747: 4735: 4697: 4669: 4641: 4629: 4601: 4589: 4578: 4566: 4554: 4543: 4531: 4520: 4518:, quirinale.it 4508: 4496: 4485: 4473: 4461: 4449: 4438: 4427: 4415: 4403: 4388: 4376: 4350: 4339: 4324: 4313: 4301: 4289: 4278: 4266: 4254: 4252:, Romano Prodi 4242: 4219: 4207: 4195: 4184: 4173: 4161: 4149: 4147:, quirinale.it 4137: 4125: 4113: 4101: 4089: 4077: 4065: 4054: 4043: 4030: 3993: 3981: 3969: 3957: 3946: 3944:, quirinale.it 3934: 3922: 3918:I Governo Moro 3910: 3898: 3886: 3877: 3866: 3855: 3844: 3828: 3816: 3804: 3793: 3791:, raiscuola.it 3781: 3770: 3759: 3747: 3731: 3720: 3709: 3698: 3686: 3675: 3663: 3652: 3640: 3624: 3612: 3601: 3599:, 26 May 1958. 3585: 3569: 3557: 3545: 3537:"Roman Circus" 3529: 3517: 3506: 3494: 3472: 3460: 3448: 3436: 3424: 3412: 3395: 3383: 3372: 3353: 3335: 3323: 3312: 3301: 3279: 3268:. 14 July 1958 3246: 3220: 3218:, Andrea Bassi 3208: 3195: 3163: 3150: 3139: 3128: 3117: 3106: 3090: 3072: 3065: 3045: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3024: 3011: 3008: 3003: 3001: 2996: 2989: 2983: 2982: 2969: 2966: 2961: 2959: 2954: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2929: 2926: 2921: 2919: 2914: 2909: 2903: 2902: 2889: 2886: 2881: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2863: 2862: 2849: 2846: 2841: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2823: 2822: 2807: 2804: 2799: 2797: 2790: 2785: 2779: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2756: 2753: 2683: 2680: 2646: 2643: 2639:Giovanni Goria 2623:Giuliano Amato 2577:Sandro Pertini 2556:In June 1981, 2534: 2531: 2494:Main article: 2491: 2488: 2442:Emilio Colombo 2436:model and the 2434:nuclear family 2411: 2408: 2400:Giovanni Leone 2381:second cabinet 2293:Giovanni Leone 2272: 2269: 2261:Giovanni Leone 2226:Main article: 2212: 2209: 2104:Giuseppe Pella 2091: 2088: 2039:Nuove Cronache 2023:Arab countries 2011:regional power 1948:Main article: 1945: 1942: 1938:anti-communist 1906:(PNM) and the 1884:Giuseppe Pella 1878:. However the 1829: 1826: 1782:Giuseppe Pella 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1751:Giuseppe Pella 1683: 1680: 1556:English Schism 1525:Amintore Galli 1484: 1481: 1458:Sandro Pertini 1446:Giovanni Leone 1342: 1341: 1338: 1337: 1335: 1334: 1329: 1323: 1321: 1317: 1316: 1311: 1305: 1304: 1301: 1297: 1296: 1284: 1278: 1277: 1276: 1275: 1262: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1253: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1243: 1242: 1239: 1235: 1234: 1215: 1211: 1210: 1197:(aged 91) 1191: 1187: 1186: 1164: 1160: 1159: 1155: 1154: 1151: 1150: 1147: 1146: 1143: 1142: 1139: 1138: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1125: 1121: 1120: 1110: 1109: 1105:Member of the 1102: 1101: 1096: 1092: 1091: 1081: 1080: 1076:Member of the 1073: 1072: 1067: 1063: 1062: 1052: 1051: 1049:Giovanni Leone 1046: 1040: 1039: 1027: 1026: 1022:Member of the 1019: 1018: 1015: 1014: 1011: 1004: 1003: 1000: 999: 996: 995: 992: 991: 986: 980: 979: 974: 968: 967: 957: 956: 951: 945: 944: 939: 933: 932: 922: 921: 915: 914: 911: 910: 907: 900: 899: 896: 895: 892: 891: 888: 887: 884: 878: 877: 872: 866: 865: 860: 858:Prime Minister 854: 853: 843: 842: 836: 835: 834:Rocco Salomone 832: 826: 825: 820: 814: 813: 808: 806:Prime Minister 802: 801: 791: 790: 784: 783: 782:Giuseppe Pella 780: 774: 773: 772:Giuseppe Pella 770: 764: 763: 760: 758:Prime Minister 754: 753: 743: 742: 739: 733: 732: 729: 723: 722: 719: 717:Prime Minister 713: 712: 702: 701: 696: 690: 689: 684: 678: 677: 672: 670:Prime Minister 666: 665: 655: 654: 648: 647: 642: 636: 635: 632: 626: 625: 624:Giuseppe Pella 618: 616:Prime Minister 612: 611: 601: 600: 595: 589: 588: 583: 577: 576: 574:Giovanni Goria 571: 569:Prime Minister 565: 564: 554: 553: 547: 546: 541: 535: 534: 532:Emilio Colombo 529: 523: 522: 517: 515:Prime Minister 511: 510: 500: 499: 493: 492: 489: 488: 485: 478: 477: 472: 466: 465: 460: 454: 453: 443: 442: 439: 433: 432: 427: 421: 420: 410: 409: 404: 398: 397: 392: 386: 385: 375: 374: 368: 367: 365:Sandro Pertini 362: 356: 355: 353:Giovanni Leone 350: 344: 343: 338: 336:Prime Minister 332: 331: 321: 320: 314: 313: 308: 302: 301: 299:Giuseppe Pella 296: 290: 289: 284: 280: 279: 269: 268: 265: 259: 258: 253: 247: 246: 241: 237: 236: 231: 227: 226: 216: 215: 213:Giovanni Leone 210: 204: 203: 198: 192: 191: 186: 182: 181: 172: 168: 167: 157: 156: 151: 145: 144: 139: 133: 132: 130:Sandro Pertini 127: 123: 122: 112: 111: 109:Giovanni Goria 106: 100: 99: 94: 88: 87: 82: 78: 77: 67: 66: 60: 59: 56: 55: 52: 44: 43: 40: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10074: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9878: 9875: 9874: 9872: 9851: 9848: 9846: 9843: 9841: 9838: 9836: 9833: 9831: 9828: 9826: 9823: 9821: 9818: 9816: 9813: 9811: 9810:Mariano Rumor 9808: 9806: 9803: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9791: 9790:Guido Gonella 9788: 9786: 9783: 9781: 9778: 9776: 9773: 9771: 9768: 9767: 9764: 9760: 9755: 9746: 9741: 9739: 9734: 9732: 9727: 9726: 9723: 9712: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9548: 9545: 9540: 9533: 9528: 9526: 9521: 9519: 9514: 9513: 9510: 9497: 9487: 9484: 9482: 9479: 9477: 9474: 9472: 9469: 9467: 9464: 9462: 9459: 9457: 9454: 9452: 9449: 9447: 9444: 9442: 9439: 9437: 9434: 9432: 9429: 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9394: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9382: 9379: 9377: 9374: 9372: 9369: 9367: 9364: 9362: 9359: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9343: 9340: 9335: 9334:Goria Cabinet 9328: 9323: 9321: 9316: 9314: 9309: 9308: 9305: 9292: 9282: 9279: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9264: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9168: 9165: 9160: 9153: 9148: 9146: 9141: 9139: 9134: 9133: 9130: 9109: 9106: 9095: 9092: 9081: 9078: 9067: 9064: 9063: 9061: 9057: 9042: 9039: 9028: 9025: 9014: 9011: 9000: 8997: 8986: 8983: 8972: 8969: 8958: 8955: 8944: 8941: 8930: 8927: 8916: 8913: 8912: 8910: 8906: 8891: 8888: 8877: 8874: 8863: 8860: 8849: 8846: 8835: 8832: 8821: 8818: 8807: 8804: 8793: 8790: 8779: 8776: 8765: 8762: 8761: 8759: 8755: 8740: 8737: 8726: 8723: 8712: 8709: 8698: 8695: 8684: 8681: 8670: 8667: 8656: 8653: 8642: 8639: 8628: 8625: 8614: 8611: 8610: 8608: 8604: 8589: 8586: 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6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6188: 6183: 6181: 6177: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5952: 5948: 5943: 5941: 5937: 5933: 5926: 5921: 5919: 5914: 5912: 5907: 5906: 5903: 5890: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5878: 5877:Pietro Grasso 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5861: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5849: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5832: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5815: 5811: 5809: 5808:Antonio Segni 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5798:Luigi Einaudi 5796: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5788: 5784: 5783: 5781: 5777: 5773: 5768: 5761: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5711: 5706: 5704: 5699: 5697: 5692: 5691: 5688: 5677: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5626:Antonio Segni 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5616:Luigi Einaudi 5614: 5612: 5609: 5608: 5605: 5599: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5585: 5582: 5578: 5571: 5566: 5564: 5559: 5557: 5552: 5551: 5548: 5542: 5535: 5526: 5517: 5516: 5509: 5503: 5499: 5490: 5489: 5482: 5476: 5471: 5467: 5458: 5457: 5450: 5444: 5440: 5431: 5430: 5423: 5417: 5412: 5408: 5399: 5398: 5391: 5385: 5381: 5372: 5371: 5364: 5358: 5354: 5345: 5344: 5337: 5336:Bettino Craxi 5331: 5327: 5318: 5317: 5310: 5304: 5300: 5299:Bettino Craxi 5291: 5290: 5283: 5277: 5273: 5264: 5259: 5252: 5246: 5242: 5233: 5232: 5225: 5219: 5215: 5206: 5205: 5198: 5192: 5188: 5179: 5178: 5173: 5165: 5156: 5155: 5144: 5138: 5134: 5125: 5120: 5113: 5112:Antonio Segni 5107: 5103: 5094: 5093: 5086: 5080: 5076: 5067: 5066: 5059: 5053: 5049: 5048:Antonio Segni 5040: 5039: 5032: 5026: 5022: 5013: 5012: 5005: 4999: 4995: 4986: 4985: 4978: 4972: 4968: 4959: 4958: 4951: 4950:Antonio Segni 4945: 4941: 4932: 4931: 4924: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4904: 4901: 4895: 4894: 4885: 4881: 4878: 4877:88-220-6253-1 4874: 4870: 4866: 4863: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4849: 4845: 4842: 4841: 4833: 4829: 4825: 4824: 4819: 4816: 4813: 4812: 4806: 4801: 4795: 4790: 4783: 4778: 4770: 4764: 4760: 4759: 4751: 4744: 4739: 4720: 4716: 4715: 4707: 4701: 4685: 4684: 4683:La Repubblica 4679: 4673: 4657: 4656: 4651: 4645: 4638: 4633: 4617: 4616: 4615:La Repubblica 4611: 4605: 4598: 4593: 4587: 4582: 4575: 4570: 4563: 4558: 4552: 4547: 4540: 4535: 4529: 4524: 4517: 4512: 4505: 4500: 4494: 4489: 4483:, quirinal.it 4482: 4477: 4470: 4465: 4458: 4453: 4447: 4442: 4436: 4431: 4424: 4419: 4412: 4407: 4399: 4392: 4385: 4380: 4361: 4354: 4348: 4343: 4333: 4328: 4322: 4317: 4310: 4305: 4298: 4293: 4287: 4282: 4275: 4270: 4263: 4258: 4251: 4246: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4227:Dieter Nohlen 4223: 4216: 4211: 4204: 4199: 4193: 4188: 4182: 4177: 4170: 4165: 4158: 4153: 4146: 4141: 4134: 4129: 4122: 4117: 4110: 4105: 4098: 4093: 4086: 4081: 4074: 4069: 4063: 4058: 4052: 4047: 4040: 4034: 4015: 4011: 4004: 3997: 3990: 3985: 3978: 3973: 3966: 3961: 3955: 3950: 3943: 3938: 3931: 3926: 3919: 3914: 3907: 3902: 3895: 3890: 3881: 3875: 3870: 3864: 3859: 3853: 3848: 3841: 3837: 3836:"A Sinistra?" 3832: 3826:, Rai Cultura 3825: 3820: 3813: 3808: 3802: 3797: 3790: 3785: 3779: 3774: 3768: 3763: 3756: 3751: 3744: 3740: 3735: 3729: 3724: 3718: 3713: 3707: 3702: 3695: 3690: 3684: 3679: 3672: 3667: 3661: 3656: 3649: 3644: 3638:, 9 May 1955. 3637: 3633: 3628: 3621: 3616: 3610: 3605: 3598: 3594: 3589: 3582: 3578: 3573: 3566: 3561: 3554: 3549: 3542: 3538: 3533: 3526: 3521: 3515: 3510: 3503: 3502:Governo Pella 3498: 3489: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3469: 3468:Governo Pella 3464: 3457: 3452: 3445: 3440: 3433: 3428: 3421: 3416: 3409: 3404: 3402: 3400: 3392: 3387: 3381: 3376: 3369: 3365: 3360: 3358: 3350: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3332: 3327: 3321: 3316: 3310: 3305: 3298: 3294: 3291: 3283: 3267: 3263: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3234: 3230: 3224: 3217: 3212: 3206: 3205: 3199: 3183: 3182: 3177: 3170: 3168: 3161: 3160: 3154: 3148: 3143: 3137: 3132: 3126: 3121: 3115: 3110: 3104: 3100: 3094: 3087: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3068: 3062: 3058: 3057: 3049: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3023: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3004: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2984: 2981: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2958: 2955: 2953: 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2386: 2382: 2378: 2377:Mariano Rumor 2370: 2369:Richard Nixon 2367: 2362: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2340: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2317:third cabinet 2313: 2310:, during the 2309: 2304: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2285:Antonio Segni 2277: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2249: 2247: 2244:, founder of 2243: 2242:Enrico Mattei 2239: 2235: 2229: 2222: 2217: 2208: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2165: 2163: 2159: 2154: 2151: 2146: 2142: 2140: 2132: 2128: 2125:Fanfani with 2123: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2112:Guido Gonella 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2087: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2053: 2051: 2047: 2042: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2031:Antonio Segni 2026: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2002: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1979: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1941: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1918: 1916: 1912: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1870: 1865: 1862: 1861:authoritarian 1857: 1855: 1851: 1848:, the CEO of 1847: 1846:Enrico Mattei 1843: 1834: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1813: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1794:Luigi Einaudi 1791: 1787: 1783: 1768: 1765: 1764: 1758: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1735: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1716:1946 election 1712: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1688: 1679: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1656:Protestantism 1653: 1648: 1647:and society. 1646: 1642: 1638: 1633: 1631: 1626: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1588: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1557: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1534: 1532: 1531: 1530:Workers' Hymn 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1480: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1465: 1463: 1462:head of state 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1410: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1383: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1356: 1348: 1339: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1324: 1322: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1281: 1274: 1273: 1251: 1250: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 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396: 393: 387: 381: 376: 373: 369: 366: 363: 357: 354: 351: 345: 342: 339: 333: 327: 322: 319: 315: 312: 309: 303: 300: 297: 291: 288: 287:Luigi Einaudi 285: 281: 275: 270: 267:Antonio Segni 266: 260: 257: 254: 248: 245: 244:Antonio Segni 242: 238: 235: 232: 228: 222: 217: 214: 211: 205: 202: 199: 193: 190: 187: 183: 180: 179:Antonio Segni 176: 173: 169: 163: 158: 155: 154:Bettino Craxi 152: 146: 143: 140: 134: 131: 128: 124: 118: 113: 110: 107: 101: 98: 97:Bettino Craxi 95: 89: 86: 83: 79: 73: 68: 65: 61: 57: 50: 45: 38: 33: 30: 19: 9824: 9799: 9686:Bono Parrino 9661:Donat-Cattin 9610: 9456:Donat-Cattin 9395: 9241:Donat-Cattin 8229: 8051:van Kleffens 7762: 7667: 7119: 7109: 7089: 7074: 6922:Guicciardini 6912:Guicciardini 6648: 6628: 6618: 6313: 6303: 6238: 6223: 6203: 5875: 5858: 5846: 5830: 5829: 5812: 5785: 5513: 5486: 5454: 5427: 5395: 5380:Antonio Gava 5368: 5341: 5314: 5287: 5256: 5229: 5202: 5175: 5152: 5117: 5090: 5063: 5036: 5021:Mario Scelba 5009: 4982: 4977:Mario Scelba 4955: 4928: 4897:(in Italian) 4883: 4868: 4865:Nico Perrone 4854: 4847: 4821: 4800: 4789: 4777: 4757: 4750: 4738: 4726:. 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by 747: 737:Succeeded by 706: 694:Succeeded by 659: 640:Succeeded by 634:Mario Scelba 605: 598:Antonio Gava 593:Succeeded by 558: 539:Succeeded by 504: 470:Succeeded by 447: 437:Succeeded by 414: 402:Succeeded by 379: 360:Succeeded by 325: 311:Mario Scelba 306:Succeeded by 273: 263:Succeeded by 220: 208:Succeeded by 161: 149:Succeeded by 116: 104:Succeeded by 71: 29: 9887:1999 deaths 9882:1908 births 9551:De Michelis 9221:Zamberletti 8462:von Wechmar 8395:Amerasinghe 8339:Trepczyński 7833:Cancellieri 7180:De Michelis 5728:(1861–1946) 4857:, reprint, 4745:, senato.it 4639:, camera.it 4599:, senato.it 4576:, Il Foglio 4276:, senato.it 4159:, senato.it 4123:, senato.it 4099:, senato.it 3932:, camera.it 3908:, camera.it 3757:, senato.it 3696:, senato.it 3555:, camera.it 3458:, camera.it 3184:. p. 7 2741: [ 2431:traditional 2325:Vietnam War 2193:White House 2131:White House 2084:centre-left 2069:neo-fascist 1908:neo-fascist 1757:, or INA). 1676:Switzerland 1652:Catholicism 1645:Catholicism 1604:antisemitic 1584:corporatist 1565:Reformation 1561:Renaissance 1233:(1994–1999) 1227:(1943–1994) 1221:(1935–1943) 1033:Life tenure 972:Preceded by 937:Preceded by 870:Preceded by 818:Preceded by 768:Preceded by 727:Preceded by 682:Preceded by 630:Preceded by 581:Preceded by 527:Preceded by 458:Preceded by 425:Preceded by 390:Preceded by 348:Preceded by 294:Preceded by 251:Preceded by 196:Preceded by 137:Preceded by 92:Preceded by 9871:Categories 9681:Fracanzani 9586:Mattarella 9571:La Pergola 9386:Mattarella 9361:La Pergola 9276:Di Lazzaro 9251:Sarcinelli 9231:Travaglini 8848:Al-Khalifa 8367:Bouteflika 7858:Piantedosi 7798:Napolitano 7788:Brancaccio 7648:De Gasperi 7588:Fornaciari 7493:Zanardelli 7433:Zanardelli 7225:Berlusconi 7050:De Gasperi 7035:De Gasperi 7002:De Gasperi 6782:La Marmora 6379:Berlusconi 6369:Berlusconi 6344:Berlusconi 6194:De Gasperi 6170:De Gasperi 6070:Zanardelli 5980:La Marmora 5750:Umberto II 5031:Adone Zoli 4728:26 October 4690:26 October 4662:26 October 4622:26 October 4564:, Il Tempo 4471:, Il Tempo 4369:17 October 4135:, Panorama 3272:2 February 3188:9 February 3097:Franzosi, 3030:References 2484:government 2420:referendum 2385:particracy 1898:(PCI) and 1880:right-wing 1806:Adone Zoli 1660:Capitalism 1609:(Italian: 1483:Early life 1407:tax system 1360:politician 1327:Politician 1320:Occupation 1309:Alma mater 1169:1908-02-06 256:Adone Zoli 9805:Aldo Moro 9656:Battaglia 9596:Andreotti 9561:Iervolino 9556:Maccanico 9541:(1988–89) 9451:Battaglia 9391:Andreotti 9356:Iervolino 9336:(1987–88) 9186:Andreotti 8985:Lykketoft 8655:Insanally 8546:Choudhury 8202:Rodriguez 7853:Lamorgese 7803:Jervolino 7748:Andreotti 7673:Andreotti 7583:Mussolini 7578:Federzoni 7573:Mussolini 7388:Gualtiero 7343:Minghetti 7265:Gentiloni 7260:Mogherini 7195:Andreatta 7175:Andreotti 6987:Guariglia 6982:Mussolini 6972:Mussolini 6962:Mussolini 6694:Casellati 6659:Spadolini 6624:Spagnolli 6609:Merzagora 6594:De Nicola 6556:Federzoni 6399:Gentiloni 6329:Andreotti 6299:Spadolini 6284:Andreotti 6269:Andreotti 6150:Mussolini 6005:Minghetti 5975:Minghetti 5740:Umberto I 5439:Aldo Moro 5164:Aldo Moro 5143:Aldo Moro 4655:La Stampa 4299:, Il Post 4217:, Il Post 4023:4 January 3181:La Stampa 2762:Election 2733:La Stampa 2265:Aldo Moro 2234:reformist 2133:, in 1963 2055:When the 2035:Aldo Moro 2007:atlantism 1664:Max Weber 1571:in 1935. 1517:housewife 1491:, in the 1364:statesman 1332:economist 1115:In office 1086:In office 1057:In office 989:Aldo Moro 962:In office 927:In office 848:In office 796:In office 748:In office 741:Aldo Moro 731:Aldo Moro 721:Aldo Moro 707:In office 687:Aldo Moro 675:Aldo Moro 660:In office 606:In office 559:In office 505:In office 448:In office 415:In office 380:In office 326:In office 283:President 274:In office 230:President 221:In office 171:President 162:In office 126:President 117:In office 81:President 72:In office 9671:Prandini 9666:Ruggiero 9606:Vassalli 9466:Prandini 9461:Ruggiero 9436:Pandolfi 9431:Granelli 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6644:Cossiga 6639:Colombo 6634:Morlino 6629:Fanfani 6619:Fanfani 6551:Tittoni 6531:Saracco 6521:Durando 6516:Tecchio 6506:Ambrois 6491:Sclopis 6486:Settimo 6359:D'Alema 6324:De Mita 6314:Fanfani 6304:Fanfani 6294:Forlani 6289:Cossiga 6264:Colombo 6239:Fanfani 6224:Fanfani 6204:Fanfani 6125:Orlando 6120:Boselli 6100:Sonnino 6090:Sonnino 6080:Tittoni 6065:Saracco 6060:Pelloux 6025:Cairoli 6015:Cairoli 4859:Norfolk 4714:L'Unità 3022:Elected 3010:41,070 2980:Elected 2968:58,791 2940:Elected 2928:45,956 2900:Elected 2888:44,816 2860:Elected 2848:35,515 2819:Elected 2806:15,692 2777:Result 2678:(PPI). 2610:In the 2424:divorce 2390:In the 2342:In the 2251:In the 2189:Chicago 2177:regions 2129:at the 2067:by the 2013:of the 2001:(PRI). 1966:In the 1962:in 1963 1869:liberal 1714:In the 1670:to the 1596:Italian 1499:, in a 1497:Tuscany 1293: 1285: 1271: 1263: 1259: 1246:Spouses 1180:Tuscany 762:Himself 18:Fanfani 9651:Santuz 9626:Zanone 9416:Zanone 9376:Santuz 9261:Darida 9161:(1987) 9094:Kőrösi 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