3422:. Bernstein supported colonialism as he believed it uplifted backward peoples and it worked well for both Britain and Germany. Bernstein supported such policies in an intensely racialized manner, arguing in 1896 that "races who are hostile to or incapable of civilisation cannot claim our sympathy when they revolt against civilisation" and that the "savages be subjugated and made to conform to the rules of higher civilisation". However, he was disturbed by the Kaiser's reckless policies. He wanted strong friendship especially with Britain and France and protection against the Russian threat to Germany. He envisioned a sort of league of nations.
3251:
3355:. Nonetheless, Bernstein remained very much a socialist, albeit an unorthodox one as he believed that socialism would be achieved by the advancement of capitalism to social democracy and so on, not by capitalism's destruction (as rights were gradually won by workers, their cause for grievance would be diminished and consequently, so too would the motivation for revolution). During the intra-party debates about his ideas, Bernstein explained that for him the final goal of socialism was nothing; progress toward that goal was everything.
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3034:. It was soon after his arrival in Switzerland that he began to think of himself as a Marxist. In 1880, he accompanied Bebel to London to clear up a misunderstanding concerning his involvement with an article published by Höchberg that was denounced by Marx and Engels as being "chock-full of bourgeois and petty bourgeois ideas". The visit was a success, and Engels in particular was impressed by Bernstein's zeal and ideas.
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necessity for socialism and give up all hope for a socialist future. The movement would collapse unless revisionism is repudiated. Trade unionists, who could see the successes of capitalism and the improvement of working conditions and who wanted to improve working conditions through parliament, generally followed
Bernstein while those who were more orthodox generally followed Luxemburg.
3026:, a wealthy supporter of social democracy. A warrant subsequently issued for his arrest ruled out any possibility for him to return to Germany, and he was to remain in exile for more than 20 years. In 1888, Bismarck convinced the Swiss government to expel a number of important members of German social democracy and so Bernstein relocated to London, where he associated with
3417:
Bernstein rejected reactionary bourgeois nationalism and called instead for a cosmopolitan-libertarian nationalism. He recognized the historical role of the national factor and said that the proletariat must support their country against external dangers. He called on workers to assimilate themselves
3375:
and therefore lost its predictive force. Since reformists underestimate the anarchy of capitalism and say it has adaptability and viability, by which they mean that the contradictions of capitalism would not of historical necessity drive it to its doom, Luxemburg said they would abandon the objective
3330:
touches on
Bernstein's desire for socialism through peaceful means and incremental legislation. Some say that is Marxism in its mature form after the revisionists claimed many of Marx's theories to be wrong and came up with theories of their own, including socialism coming through democratic means.
3279:
and Marx's consequent laissez-faire policy which opposed ameliorative social interventions before the demise. Bernstein indicated simple facts, which he considered to be evidence that Marx's predictions were not being borne out while he noted that while the centralization of capitalist industry was
3012:
Bismarck's strict anti-socialist legislation was passed on 12 October 1878. For nearly all practical purposes the SPD was outlawed, and it was actively suppressed throughout
Germany. However, it was still possible for Social Democrats to campaign as individuals for election to the Reichstag, which
3051:
as the paper's editor, which he was for 10 years. It was during those years between 1880 and 1890 that
Bernstein established his reputation as a major party theoretician and a Marxist of impeccable orthodoxy. He was helped in that by the close personal and professional relationship he established
3409:
that would result only in conflict between
Germany and the rest of the world. Bernstein wanted to end Germany's protectionism and argued that tariffs did not increase grain production, did not counter British competition, did not increase farm profits and did not promote improvements in farming.
2980:
criticized what he saw as a
Lassallean victory over the Eisenachers, whom he favoured. Bernstein later noted that it was Liebknecht, considered by many to be the strongest Marxist advocate within the Eisenacher faction, who proposed the inclusion of many of the ideas that so thoroughly irritated
3103:
in order that this disgraceful impression may be erased. I shall leave
Liebknecht in no doubt as to what I think about it and the same applies to those who, irrespective of who they may be, gave him this opportunity of perverting my views and, what's more, without so much as a word to me about
3280:
significant, it was not becoming wholescale and that the ownership of capital was becoming more and not less diffuse. Bernstein's analysis of agriculture, according to which
Bernstein believed that land ownership was becoming less concentrated, was largely based on the work of
3418:
within nation-states, which entailed support for colonial policies and imperial projects. Bernstein was sympathetic to the idea of imperial expansions as a positive and civilizing mission, which resulted in a bitter series of polemics with the anti-imperialist
3319:, produced only reactionary successes, which undermined workers' interests. Therefore, he rejected revolution and instead insisted the best strategy to be patiently building up a durable social movement working for continuous nonviolent incremental change.
3021:
The vehemence of
Bernstein's opposition to the government of Bismarck made it desirable for him to leave Germany. Shortly before the Anti-Socialist Laws came into effect, Bernstein went into exile in Zurich, accepting a position as the private secretary of
3000:
a pretext to introduce a law banning all socialist organizations, assemblies and publications. There had been no Social
Democratic involvement in either assassination attempt, but the popular reaction against "enemies of the Reich" induced a compliant
3052:
with Engels. The relationship owed much to the fact that he shared Engels's strategic vision and accepted most of the particular policies that Engels believed the ideas to entail. In 1887, the German government persuaded the Swiss authorities to ban
3310:
Looking especially at the rapid growth in Germany, Bernstein argued that middle-sized firms would flourish, the size and power of the middle class would grow and that capitalism would successfully adjust and not collapse. He warned that a violent
3083:, written by Marx in 1850, had been edited by Bernstein and Kautsky in a manner that left the impression that he had become a proponent of a peaceful road to socialism. On 1 April 1895, four months before his death, Engels wrote to Kautsky:
3220:. He was one of only a few deputies on the committee to admit Germany's responsibility for the outbreak of war, setting himself apart from the majority of Reichstag members in the bourgeois parties. He retired from political life in 1928.
3366:
and revisionism "amounts in practice to the advice that we abandon the social revolution—the goal of Social Democracy—and turn social reform from a means of the class struggle into its final aim". She says revisionism has lost sight of
2917:
parents who were active in the Reform Temple on the Johannistrasse whose services were performed on Sunday. His father was a locomotive driver. From 1866 to 1878, he was employed in banks as a banker's clerk after leaving school.
3236:
Bernstein died on 18 December 1932 in Berlin. A commemorative plaque is placed in his memory at Bozener Straße 18, Berlin-Schöneberg, where he lived from 1918 until his death. His grave in the Eisackstrasse Cemetery became a
3172:
that year and a member of the Reichstag from 1902 to 1918. He voted against the armament tabling in 1913, together with the SPD fraction's left wing. Although he voted for war credits in August 1914, he opposed
3405:(anti-progressive) for its negative effects on the masses. He argued Germany's protectionism was based only on political expediency, isolating Germany from the world (especially from Britain), creating an
2945:
style of German socialism, named after the German town where it was founded. Bernstein soon became known as an activist. His party contested two elections against a rival socialist party, the Lassalleans
3212:
He was a member of the USPD until 1919, when he rejoined the SPD. From 1920 to 1928, Bernstein was again a member of the Reichstag. On 4 March 1920, as an expert on Anglo-German relations under the
3299:
class and so all compromise measures, such as the state regulation of the hours of labour and provisions for old-age pensions should be encouraged. For that reason, Bernstein urged the
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Roger Fletcher, "An English Advocate in Germany. Eduard Bernstein’s Analysis of Anglo-German Relations 1900-1914." Canadian Journal of History 13.2 (1978) pp: 209-236.
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Mcgeever, Brendan, and Satnam Virdee. "Antisemitism and Socialist Strategy in Europe, 1880–1917: An Introduction." Patterns of Prejudice 51.3-4 (2017): 229
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In 1901, Bernstein returned to Germany after the end of the ban that had kept him from entering the country. He became an editor of the newspaper
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As to Marx's belief in the disappearance of the middleman, Bernstein declared that the entrepreneur class was being steadily recruited from the
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they did in spite of severe persecution. The party actually increased its electoral success, gaining 550,000 votes in 1884 and 763,000 in 1887.
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3060:. His relationship with Engels soon developed into friendship. He also communicated with various English socialist organizations, notably the
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Ostrowski, Marius S. "Social Democracy and "positive" foreign policy: The evolution of Eduard Bernstein's international thought, 1914–1920."
2954:), but in both elections neither party was able to win a significant majority of the left-wing vote. Consequently, Bernstein, together with
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Evolutionary Socialism: a Criticism and Affirmation: (Die Voraussetzungen Des Sozialismus und Die Aufgaben Der Sozialdemokratie)
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Fletcher, Roger. "A Revisionist Looks at Imperialism: Eduard Bernstein's Critique of Imperialism and Kolonialpolitik, 1900–14."
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Ostrowski, Marius S. "Eduard Bernstein and the Lessons of the German Revolution." In James Muldoon and Gaard Kets (eds.),
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Bernstein is also noted for being "one of the first socialists to deal sympathetically with the issue of homosexuality".
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to take an active interest in politics. Bernstein also indicated what he considered to be some of the flaws in Marx's
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Fletcher, Roger. "An English Advocate in Germany. Eduard Bernstein’s Analysis of Anglo-German Relations 1900–1914."
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Fletcher, Roger. "World Power without War. Eduard Bernstein's Proposals for an Alternative Weltpolitik, 1900–1914."
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Wolfgang Eichhorn: Über Eduard Bernstein. Gegensatz und Berührungspunkte zu Rosa Luxemburg und W. I. Lenin, in:
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3394:). He advocated policy positions for Germany that were aggressively nationalist, imperialist and expansionist.
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Fletcher, Roger. "Revisionism and Nationalism: Eduard Bernstein's Views on the National Question, 1900–1914."
3909:
Fletcher, R. A. (1983). "Cobden as Educator: The Free-Trade Internationalism of Eduard Bernstein, 1899–1914".
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Instead, it inflated rents, interest rates and prices, hurting everyone involved. In contrast, he argued that
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Fletcher, Richard A. "Cobden as Educator: The Free-Trade Internationalism of Eduard Bernstein, 1899–1914."
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Richard A. Fletcher, "Cobden as Educator: The Free-Trade Internationalism of Eduard Bernstein, 1899-1914."
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Foreign policy was Bernstein's main intellectual interest between 1902 and 1914, with many articles in the
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3579:. Reprint edition of original published in 1989. New York, New York, USA: Arcade Publishing, 2011. P. 251.
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Edith C. Harvey, trans. New York: B.W. Huebsch, 1909. This book has also been translated into English as
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Fletcher, R. A. "In the interest of peace and progress: Eduard Bernstein's socialist foreign policy."
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Roger Fletcher, "In the interest of peace and progress: Eduard Bernstein's socialist foreign policy."
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3076:" was caused by seeing the world "through English spectacles". However, Bernstein denied the charges.
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Berstein, Sozialdemokratische Lehrjahre, p.72; Berstein to Bebel, 20.10.1898, Tudor and Tudor, p.324.
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led to peace, democracy, prosperity and the highest material and moral well-being of all humanity.
3099:(at all costs). Which is all the more reason why I should like it to appear in its entirety in the
3079:
In 1895, Engels was deeply distressed when he discovered that his introduction to a new edition of
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Steger, Manfred. "Historical materialism and ethics: Eduard Bernstein's revisionist perspective."
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3271:(1899) was Bernstein's most significant work. Bernstein was principally concerned with refuting
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Before the Revisionist Controversy: Kautsky, Bernstein, and the Meaning of Marxism, 1895–1898.
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3128:) in 1899. The book was in great contrast to the positions of Bebel, Kautsky and Liebknecht.
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A History of Zionism: From the French Revolution to the Establishment of the State of Israel
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Eduard Bernstein on Social Democracy and International Politics: Essays and Other Writings
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Ostrowski, Marius S. "Bernstein, Eduard." In Mortimer Sellers and Stephan Kirste (eds.),
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and tricked out in such a way as to present me as a peace-loving proponent of legality
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Gustafsson, Bo. "A new look at Bernstein: Some reflections on reformism and history."
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3120:) that resulted in the revisionism debate in the SPD. He also published the book
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Eduard Bernstein on Socialism Past and Present: Essays and Lectures on Ideology
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Cromwell and Communism: Socialism and Democracy in the Great English Revolution
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was also a polemic against Bernstein's position. In 1900, Bernstein published
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4263:
The Quest for Evolutionary Socialism: Eduard Bernstein and Social Democracy.
4210:
Leesch, Klaus "Eduard Bernstein (1850-1932) Leben und Werk." (Campus, 2024).
3601:(12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company.
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Marxism, Revisionism, and Leninism: Explication, Assessment, and Commentary
3559:
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3324:
The Quest for Evolutionary Socialism: Eduard Bernstein and Social Democracy
3289:
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3057:
3056:. Bernstein moved to London, where he resumed publication from premises in
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4154:
The Dilemma of Democratic Socialism: Eduard Bernstein's challenge to Marx.
3434:, but after initially favouring a wholly assimilationist solution to "the
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The Dilemma of Democratic Socialism: Eduard Bernstein's challenge to Marx
3855:
The Dilemma of Democratic Socialism: Eduard Bernstein's challenge to Marx
3842:
The Dilemma of Democratic Socialism: Eduard Bernstein's challenge to Marx
3296:
3174:
3122:
Die Voraussetzungen des Sozialismus und die Aufgaben der Sozialdemokratie
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3517:
Eduard Bernstein on the German Revolution: Selected Historical Writings
3460:
Eleanor Marx Aveling, trans. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co., 1893.
3411:
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3182:
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2885:. He rejected significant parts of Marxist theory that were based upon
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Bernstein's views on Jewish matters evolved. He never identified as a
180:
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and was in its marshalling of facts impressive enough that even his
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Back in Zurich, Bernstein became increasingly active in working for
9208:
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3830:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. pp. 236–237.
2992:(SPD) gained 493,000 votes. However, two assassination attempts on
2921:
2890:
1950:
3112:
and from 1896 to 1898, he published a series of articles entitled
9245:
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5372:
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4442:
3743:"Bernsteins Kampf für die Anerkennung der deutschen Kriegsschuld"
3431:
3406:
3401:(high tariffs on imports) as helping only a selective few, being
3126:
The Prerequisites for Socialism and the Tasks of Social Democracy
2934:
2878:
2211:
1970:
1404:
883:
863:
81:
4195:
Revolutionists in London: A Study of Five Unorthodox Socialists.
3745:[Bernsteins Fight for Recognition of German War Guilt].
3541:
Marxism and Social Democracy: The Revisionist Debate, 1896–1898.
3154:
7994:
7795:
7583:
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2801:
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1820:
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7513:
7448:
5687:
4277:
Marxism & Scientific Socialism: From Engels to Althusser.
3564:
Social Democracy and the Making of Europe's Twentieth Century
2929:
Bernstein's political career began in 1872, when he joined a
1221:
5246:
4247:
Pachter, Henry. "The Ambiguous Legacy of Eduard Bernstein."
3697:
Jahrbuch für Forschungen zur Geschichte der Arbeiterbewegung
3072:. In later years, his opponents routinely claimed that his "
2893:
perspective of an immanent economic necessity to socialism.
8019:
7443:
4202:
Encyclopedia of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy
3671:
Bernstein to Bebel, 20.10.1898, Tudor and Tudor, pp. 325-6.
3275:'s predictions about the imminent and inevitable demise of
3177:
from July 1915 and, in 1917, was among the founders of the
3159:
654:
7588:
7483:
3892:
Roger Fletcher, "Revisionism and Wilhelmine Imperialism"
3989:
Roger Fletcher, "Revisionism ad Wilhelmine Imperialism"
2966:("Unification Party Congress") with the Lassalleans in
4227:: Eduard Bernstein on the 1918–19 German Revolution."
3658:
This influence is particularly evident in Bernstein's
3543:
Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
3481:
H.J. Stenning, trans. London: Allen and Unwin, 1930.
3465:
Evolutionary Socialism: A Criticism and Affirmation.
3263:
3181:(USPD), which united antiwar socialists, including
9342:Members of the 13th Reichstag of the German Empire
9337:Members of the 11th Reichstag of the German Empire
9332:Members of the 10th Reichstag of the German Empire
3957:"E. Belfort Bax: Our German Fabian Convert (1896)"
2858:; 6 January 1850 – 18 December 1932) was a German
4052:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 425.
3685:. New York: International Publishers. p. 86.
3500:Selected Writings of Eduard Bernstein, 1900–1921.
3334:
3108:In 1891, Bernstein was one of the authors of the
9283:
4015:On Socialists and the Jewish Question After Marx
3486:My Years of Exile: Reminiscences of a Socialist.
3254:Grave of Eduard Bernstein in Schöneberg Cemetery
3091:an excerpt from my 'Introduction' that had been
2881:when he investigated and challenged the Marxist
9327:Independent Social Democratic Party politicians
3802:. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 433–435.
3715:
3660:My Years of Exile: Reminiscences of a Socialist
2869:(SPD), Bernstein had held close association to
9322:Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
3566:. Cambridge University Press, 2006. pp. 38–39.
3218:committee investigating the war guilt question
3179:Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
7404:
5262:
4367:
4223:Ostrowski, Marius S. "'Reform or revolution,
3747:Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, digitale Bibliothek
2827:
1874:
7910:
4137:Australian Journal of Politics & History
3493:, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Howe, 1921.
3162:board on 5 December 1919 included Bernstein.
7846:
4045:
3347:as well as the more radical current led by
2939:Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany
107:13 January 1912 – 10 November 1918
7411:
7397:
5269:
5255:
4374:
4360:
4339:Newspaper clippings about Eduard Bernstein
4314:Bernstein on Homosexuality, Articles from
4215:The German Revolution and Political Theory
4018:. New York University Press. p. 193.
4011:
3797:
3719:; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905).
3216:, he became a member of the parliamentary
3140:Zur Geschichte und Theorie des Sozialismus
2834:
2820:
1881:
1867:
152:31 October 1901 – 25 January 1907
42:
27:German politician and theorist (1850–1932)
4334:International Institute of Social History
4130:Canadian Review of Studies in Nationalism
3539:Tudor, Henry Tudor and J. M. Tudor, eds.
7418:
4073:
3908:
3588:
3529:. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021.
3520:. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019.
3511:. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.
3457:Ferdinand Lassalle as a Social Reformer.
3249:
3227:
3203:
3153:
2920:
2895:
9312:People from the Province of Brandenburg
8994:Reflections on the Revolution in France
5724:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Gonzalo Thought
5129:International Trade Union Confederation
4081:"The Eduard Bernstein Internet Archive"
4039:
3787:. Harvard University Press. p. 49.
3766:
3764:
2660:International Trade Union Confederation
14:
9284:
5729:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path
5134:International Union of Socialist Youth
4005:
3945:Fletcher, "Cobden as Educator" 563-69.
3825:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3680:
2665:International Union of Socialist Youth
9362:Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold members
7392:
7254:International socialist organizations
5250:
4355:
4217:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2019): 137–158.
3731:(1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
3626:
2853:
1650:International socialist organizations
598:To each according to his contribution
4381:
3828:The Quest for Evolutionary Socialism
3761:
3622:
3620:
3149:
9104:The End of History and the Last Man
9014:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
7335:
3782:
3771:Die Voraussetzungen des Sozialismus
3702:
3605:
3269:Die Voraussetzungen des Sozialismus
3223:
3144:The History and Theory of Socialism
2952:General German Workers' Association
2941:. The party was a proponent of the
2690:Network of Social Democracy in Asia
24:
9397:Critics of dialectical materialism
9357:Members of the Reichstag 1924–1928
9347:Members of the Reichstag 1920–1924
4299:Works by or about Eduard Bernstein
3533:
2996:the next year provided Chancellor
2937:tendencies, known formally as the
2867:Social Democratic Party of Germany
73:7 June 1920 – 20 May 1928
25:
9408:
4428:Internationalist–defencist schism
4283:
3627:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920).
3617:
3582:
3379:
3208:Eduard Bernstein, the revisionist
3087:I was amazed to see today in the
1956:Internationalist–defencist schism
9074:The Open Society and Its Enemies
7371:
7359:
7347:
7334:
7323:
7322:
4493:
3441:
3264:Opposition to violent revolution
2865:and politician. A member of the
2800:
2786:
2772:
1912:
1848:
1836:
1819:
390:
90:Member of the Imperial Reichstag
7881:Family as a model for the state
7178:
6699:
6355:
6316:
6292:
6000:Dictatorship of the proletariat
4465:Reformist–revolutionary dispute
4171:Scandinavian Journal of History
4116:Review of International Studies
3996:
3991:Journal of Contemporary History
3983:
3974:
3954:
3948:
3939:
3902:
3894:Journal of Contemporary History
3886:
3881:Review of International Studies
3873:
3860:
3847:
3834:
3819:
3806:
3791:
3776:
3735:
3689:
1993:Reformist–revolutionary dispute
84:(Teltow-Beeskow-Charlottenburg)
9392:European democratic socialists
9231:Separation of church and state
9129:Collectivism and individualism
9084:The Origins of Totalitarianism
6243:Organizational self-management
3728:New International Encyclopedia
3674:
3665:
3652:
3643:
3612:The Preconditions of Socialism
3569:
3553:
3470:The Preconditions of Socialism
3339:Bernstein was vilified by the
3335:Bernstein's views under attack
2990:German Social Democratic Party
13:
1:
9377:German anti-poverty advocates
9352:Members of the Reichstag 1924
9271:Category:Political philosophy
9144:Critique of political economy
6223:Free association of producers
5980:Critique of political economy
5276:
4719:Socialism of the 21st century
4708:
3547:
3081:The Class Struggles in France
2977:Critique of the Gotha Program
2904:
2883:materialist theory of history
2255:Socialism of the 21st century
2244:
483:Critique of political economy
9169:Institutional discrimination
9164:History of political thought
7896:Negative and positive rights
7310:Socialist calculation debate
7285:Economic calculation problem
6263:Socialist mode of production
5139:Party of European Socialists
4597:Negative and positive rights
4310:at Marxists Internet Archive
4239:History of Political Thought
3589:Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922).
3093:printed without my knowledge
3070:Social Democratic Federation
2855:[ˈeːduaʁtˈbɛʁnʃtaɪn]
2670:Party of European Socialists
2123:Negative and positive rights
1753:Socialist calculation debate
1723:List of socialist economists
1698:Economic calculation problem
583:Socialist mode of production
440:Socialist calculation debate
337:Politics, economy, sociology
7:
9179:Justification for the state
8964:Two Treatises of Government
7378:Organized Labour portal
6117:Socialisation of production
4343:20th Century Press Archives
4144:Canadian Journal of History
3798:Kolakowski, Leszek (2008).
3523:Marius S. Ostrowski (ed.),
3514:Marius S. Ostrowski (ed.),
3505:Marius S. Ostrowski (ed.),
3258:
10:
9413:
7849:Bellum omnium contra omnes
6624:Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin
6449:Victor Prosper Considerant
4106:American Historical Review
4098:
3912:American Historical Review
3814:American Historical Review
3683:Collected Works, Volume 50
3681:Engels, Friedrich (2004).
3577:Socialism: Past and Future
3425:
3387:Sozialistische Monatshefte
9317:Jewish German politicians
9266:
9116:
8885:
8533:
8266:
8146:
8065:
7977:
7968:
7834:
7668:
7597:
7426:
7318:
7267:
7244:
7176:
6697:
6489:William Batchelder Greene
6424:Francisco Largo Caballero
6353:
6314:
6290:
6281:
6160:
5950:
5822:
5777:
5604:
5440:
5299:
5286:
5221:
5188:
5162:
5154:Young European Socialists
5117:
4732:
4689:
4502:
4491:
4391:
4290:Works by Eduard Bernstein
4270:History of European Ideas
3722:"Bernstein, Eduard"
3630:"Bernstein, Eduard"
3592:"Bernstein, Eduard"
2685:Young European Socialists
1748:Socialism and LGBT rights
692:Socialist-oriented market
640:Socialist planned economy
543:Material balance planning
365:
361:
357:
341:
331:
319:
302:
280:
276:
268:
242:
218:
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156:
145:
135:
121:
111:
100:
88:
77:
66:
54:
50:
41:
34:
9387:19th-century German Jews
9054:The Revolt of the Masses
6634:Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz
6127:Socialist market economy
4552:Environmental protection
4308:Eduard Bernstein Archive
4251:28#2 (1981). pp 203–216.
4231:95.268 (2022): 213–239.
4163:28 February 2018 at the
4123:Central European History
3993:(11988) 23#3 pp 347-366.
3896:(1988) 23#3 pp 347-366.
3826:Steger, Manfred (1997).
3800:Main Currents of Marxism
3449:
3292:acknowledged its value.
3232:Eduard Bernstein in 1932
3191:revolutionary socialists
3114:Probleme des Sozialismus
3016:
2900:Eduard Bernstein in 1895
2073:Environmental protection
687:Socialist market economy
612:Workers' self-management
578:Socialism in one country
425:Age of the Enlightenment
9307:Politicians from Berlin
9034:The Communist Manifesto
7960:Tyranny of the majority
7871:Consent of the governed
6345:Étienne-Gabriel Morelly
6335:Gabriel Bonnot de Mably
6015:Equality of opportunity
5970:Criticism of capitalism
5719:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
5476:Left-wing laissez-faire
5149:Socialist International
4624:Revolutionary socialism
4330:Eduard Bernstein Papers
4197:(Clarendon Press, 1970.
4132:11.1 (1984) pp 103–117.
3598:Encyclopædia Britannica
3502:Prometheus Books, 1996.
2680:Socialist International
2150:Revolutionary socialism
1688:Criticism of capitalism
699:Participatory economics
533:Labour-time calculation
295:20th-century philosophy
290:19th-century philosophy
56:Member of the Reichstag
9302:People from Schöneberg
7911:
7861:Clash of civilizations
7847:
7003:José Carlos Mariátegui
6948:E. M. S. Namboodiripad
6933:Martin Luther King Jr.
6614:Luis Emilio Recabarren
6609:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
6544:Alexandre Ledru-Rollin
6233:Labor-time calculation
6198:Decentralized planning
6102:Proletarian revolution
6057:State-owned enterprise
5975:Criticism of socialism
4709:Evolutionary socialism
4241:42.3 (2021): 520–564.
4173:3#1-4 (1978): 275–296.
4108:88.3 (1983): 561–578.
3636:Encyclopedia Americana
3358:Luxemburg argued that
3313:proletarian revolution
3305:labour theory of value
3255:
3242:
3233:
3209:
3163:
3106:
3047:) and later succeeded
3005:to approve Bismarck's
2926:
2909:Bernstein was born in
2901:
2245:Evolutionary socialism
1693:Criticism of socialism
645:Decentralized planning
548:Peer‑to‑peer economics
18:Evolutionary socialism
7876:Divine right of kings
7341:Socialism WikiProject
7103:Léopold Sédar Senghor
6808:Cornelius Castoriadis
6674:Alfred Russel Wallace
6439:Nikolay Chernyshevsky
6404:Louis Auguste Blanqui
6364:Stephen Pearl Andrews
6193:Cooperative ownership
5714:Maoism–Third Worldism
4644:Social market economy
4582:Left-wing nationalism
4408:Frankfurt Declaration
4272:14.5 (1992): 647–663.
4265:(Cambridge UP, 1997).
4176:Hamilton, Richard F.
4146:13.2 (1978): 209–236.
4139:25.2 (1979): 228–236.
4125:12.3 (1979): 237–271.
3955:Bax, Ernest Belfort.
3403:fortschrittsfeindlich
3397:Bernstein considered
3253:
3231:
3207:
3157:
3135:Reform or Revolution?
3118:Problems of Socialism
3085:
2924:
2899:
2170:Social market economy
2108:Left-wing nationalism
1936:Frankfurt Declaration
233:Free State of Prussia
129:Reichstag dissolution
9024:Democracy in America
8403:political philosophy
8386:political philosophy
8201:political philosophy
8030:political philosophy
7940:Separation of powers
7901:Night-watchman state
7886:Monopoly on violence
7420:Political philosophy
7366:Communism portal
7354:Socialism portal
7305:Socialism by country
6913:Pablo Iglesias Posse
6619:Henri de Saint-Simon
6574:Nikolay Mikhaylovsky
6228:Industrial democracy
6035:History of socialism
6030:History of communism
6025:History of anarchism
5144:Progressive Alliance
4699:Democratic socialism
4403:Age of Enlightenment
4254:Rogers, H. Kendall.
4187:16 July 2018 at the
4156:(Columbia UP, 1952.
4046:Laqueur, W. (2009).
3816:88.3 (1983): 563-68.
3575:Michael Harrington.
3369:scientific socialism
3066:Henry Mayers Hyndman
2887:Hegelian metaphysics
2807:Socialism portal
2779:Economics portal
2675:Progressive Alliance
2235:Democratic socialism
1931:Age of Enlightenment
1843:Communism portal
1826:Socialism portal
518:Industrial democracy
468:Collective ownership
9214:Right-wing politics
9094:A Theory of Justice
9064:The Road to Serfdom
8984:The Social Contract
7691:Christian democracy
7108:George Bernard Shaw
7023:François Mitterrand
6938:Alexandra Kollontai
6918:Jayaprakash Narayan
6599:Constantin Pecqueur
6419:Philippe Buonarroti
6374:John Goodwyn Barmby
6273:Workplace democracy
6183:Calculation in kind
6173:Anarchist economics
6122:Socialist economics
6020:Equality of outcome
5960:Anarchist economics
5672:Ho Chi Minh Thought
5589:Orthodox Trotskyism
5545:Libertarian Marxism
5540:Left-libertarianism
4999:Liebknecht (father)
4475:Revolutions of 1848
4261:Steger, Manfred B.
4229:Historical Research
4012:Jacobs, J. (1992).
3007:Anti-Socialist Laws
2793:Politics portal
2540:Liebknecht (father)
2197:Structural violence
2088:Institutional abuse
2003:Revolutions of 1848
1728:Market abolitionism
1713:Left-libertarianism
650:Inclusive Democracy
617:Workplace democracy
463:Calculation in kind
445:Socialist economics
435:Revolutions of 1848
9226:Political violence
9221:Political theology
9204:Left-wing politics
9199:Political spectrum
7290:Marxist philosophy
7207:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
7033:Gamal Abdel Nasser
6988:Alasdair MacIntyre
6763:Simone de Beauvoir
6534:Ferdinand Lassalle
6301:Tommaso Campanella
6248:Production for use
6208:Economic democracy
6077:Mode of production
6067:Left-wing politics
6046:The Internationale
5734:Xi Jinping Thought
5213:Types of socialism
5202:The Internationale
4634:Social corporatism
4485:Welfare capitalism
4279:(Routledge, 2008).
4258:(Routledge, 2015).
4180:(Greenwood, 2000)
4118:9.2 (1983): 79–93.
3883:9.2 (1983): 79-93.
3420:Ernest Belfort Bax
3256:
3234:
3210:
3164:
3054:Der Sozialdemokrat
3040:Der Sozialdemokrat
2964:Einigungsparteitag
2960:Wilhelm Liebknecht
2948:Ferdinand Lassalle
2927:
2902:
2758:Types of socialism
2747:The Internationale
2160:Social corporatism
2013:Welfare capitalism
1733:Marxist philosophy
553:Production for use
523:Input–output model
488:Economic democracy
307:Western philosophy
213:Kingdom of Prussia
9382:Jewish socialists
9372:Marxist theorists
9279:
9278:
9189:Philosophy of law
9134:Conflict theories
8974:The Spirit of Law
8881:
8880:
7930:Original position
7386:
7385:
7259:Socialist parties
7240:
7239:
7143:Ram Manohar Lohia
7083:Gaetano Salvemini
6878:Mikhail Gorbachev
6589:Antonie Pannekoek
6218:Equal opportunity
6213:Economic planning
5946:
5945:
5835:African-Caribbean
5823:Regional variants
5555:Council communism
5423:Saint-Simonianism
5244:
5243:
4714:Liberal socialism
4704:Ethical socialism
4480:Utopian socialism
4418:Godesberg Program
4413:French Revolution
4294:Project Gutenberg
4204:(Springer, 2021)
3783:Service, Robert.
3392:Socialist Monthly
3364:social revolution
3341:orthodox Marxists
3301:labouring classes
3189:like Kautsky and
3150:Return to Germany
3049:Georg von Vollmar
2998:Otto von Bismarck
2889:and rejected the
2860:social democratic
2844:
2843:
2250:Liberal socialism
2240:Ethical socialism
2008:Utopian socialism
1946:Godesberg Program
1941:French Revolution
1891:
1890:
1683:Communist society
1655:Socialist parties
914:Saint-Simonianism
503:Equal opportunity
493:Economic planning
430:French Revolution
369:
368:
312:German philosophy
285:Modern philosophy
271:Philosophy career
16:(Redirected from
9404:
9194:Political ethics
9184:Machiavellianism
9124:Authoritarianism
9109:
9099:
9089:
9079:
9069:
9059:
9049:
9039:
9029:
9019:
9009:
8999:
8989:
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8949:
8939:
8929:
8919:
8909:
8899:
7975:
7974:
7916:
7852:
7842:Balance of power
7816:Social democracy
7811:Social Darwinism
7786:Multiculturalism
7731:Environmentalism
7706:Communitarianism
7413:
7406:
7399:
7390:
7389:
7376:
7375:
7364:
7363:
7362:
7352:
7351:
7338:
7337:
7326:
7325:
7227:Yanis Varoufakis
7180:
7093:Jean-Paul Sartre
7078:Bertrand Russell
7053:Sylvia Pankhurst
7038:Jawaharlal Nehru
6908:Dolores Ibárruri
6873:Einar Gerhardsen
6853:Alexander Dubček
6803:Nikolai Bukharin
6713:Salvador Allende
6701:
6684:Wilhelm Weitling
6669:Suzanne Voilquin
6654:William Thompson
6644:Lysander Spooner
6604:Georgi Plekhanov
6594:Giovanni Pascoli
6559:Errico Malatesta
6554:Helen Macfarlane
6499:Alexander Herzen
6474:Friedrich Engels
6469:Prosper Enfantin
6464:W. E. B. Du Bois
6434:Edward Carpenter
6394:Eduard Bernstein
6357:
6340:Sylvain Maréchal
6318:
6294:
6288:
6287:
6253:Public ownership
6203:Direct democracy
6188:Common ownership
6152:Workers' council
6137:State capitalism
6052:Internationalism
5985:Critique of work
5965:Anti-revisionism
5647:Marxism–Leninism
5481:Left-wing market
5438:
5437:
5398:Social democracy
5281:
5271:
5264:
5257:
5248:
5247:
5236:Socialism portal
5226:Economics portal
5122:
5004:Liebknecht (son)
4769:Batlle y Ordóñez
4737:
4692:
4567:Internationalism
4547:Environmentalism
4497:
4396:
4386:
4384:Social democracy
4376:
4369:
4362:
4353:
4352:
4303:Internet Archive
4193:Hulse, James W.
4093:
4092:
4090:
4088:
4077:
4071:
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4068:
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4009:
4003:
4000:
3994:
3987:
3981:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3961:www.marxists.org
3952:
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3906:
3900:
3890:
3884:
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3693:
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3678:
3672:
3669:
3663:
3656:
3650:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3632:
3624:
3615:
3614:Eduard Bernstein
3609:
3603:
3602:
3594:
3586:
3580:
3573:
3567:
3557:
3371:and reverted to
3286:Orthodox Marxist
3224:Death and legacy
3185:like Bernstein,
3028:Friedrich Engels
2994:Kaiser Wilhelm I
2925:Eduard Bernstein
2911:Berlin-Kreuzberg
2875:Friedrich Engels
2863:Marxist theorist
2857:
2852:
2847:Eduard Bernstein
2836:
2829:
2822:
2805:
2804:
2791:
2790:
2777:
2776:
2545:Liebknecht (son)
2305:Batlle y Ordóñez
2192:Structural abuse
2093:Internationalism
2068:Environmentalism
1916:
1906:Social democracy
1893:
1892:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1855:Organized Labour
1853:
1852:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1824:
1823:
1768:Workers' council
1405:Gracchi Brothers
929:Social democracy
672:Market socialism
660:Project Cybersyn
588:Soviet democracy
573:Social ownership
528:Internationalism
508:Free association
478:Common ownership
394:
371:
370:
348:Social democracy
225:
222:18 December 1932
209:Berlin-Kreuzberg
205:
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191:Personal details
169:
159:
150:
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114:
105:
71:
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36:Eduard Bernstein
32:
31:
21:
9412:
9411:
9407:
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9405:
9403:
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9401:
9367:German Marxists
9282:
9281:
9280:
9275:
9262:
9251:Totalitarianism
9112:
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9097:
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8927:
8924:Treatise on Law
8917:
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8897:
8877:
8535:
8529:
8268:
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8061:
7964:
7950:State of nature
7945:Social contract
7925:Ordered liberty
7913:Noblesse oblige
7830:
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7593:
7422:
7417:
7387:
7382:
7370:
7360:
7358:
7346:
7314:
7263:
7236:
7172:
7098:Arthur Scargill
7068:Pierre Renaudel
6888:Antonio Gramsci
6868:Muammar Gaddafi
6863:Faiz Ahmad Faiz
6858:Albert Einstein
6798:Aristide Briand
6788:Murray Bookchin
6783:Grace Lee Boggs
6768:Walter Benjamin
6738:Chiang Kai-shek
6718:Inejirō Asanuma
6693:
6664:Benjamin Tucker
6524:Peter Kropotkin
6504:Thomas Hodgskin
6479:Charles Fourier
6459:Théodore Dézamy
6409:Philippe Buchez
6369:Mikhail Bakunin
6349:
6325:Gracchus Babeuf
6310:
6277:
6258:Social dividend
6156:
6132:Socialist state
6097:Post-capitalism
6092:Planned economy
6087:Nationalization
5952:
5942:
5818:
5773:
5608:
5600:
5498:Insurrectionary
5444:
5436:
5302:
5295:
5282:
5277:
5275:
5245:
5240:
5231:Politics portal
5217:
5184:
5158:
5118:
5113:
4733:
4728:
4690:
4685:
4649:Socialist state
4592:Nationalization
4510:Civil liberties
4498:
4489:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4380:
4318:, 1895 and 1898
4286:
4189:Wayback Machine
4165:Wayback Machine
4101:
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3997:
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3940:
3925:10.2307/1864587
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3662:(London, 1921).
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3570:
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3550:
3536:
3534:Primary sources
3452:
3444:
3436:Jewish Question
3428:
3382:
3362:has its end in
3337:
3266:
3261:
3239:grave of honour
3226:
3199:Karl Liebknecht
3152:
3045:Social Democrat
3019:
2962:, prepared the
2907:
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2175:Socialist state
2118:Nationalization
2036:Critical theory
2031:Civil liberties
2026:
2018:
2017:
1926:
1887:
1847:
1837:
1835:
1818:
1811:
1810:
1781:
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1763:Socialist state
1758:Socialist Party
1703:Economic system
1668:
1660:
1659:
1645:
1635:
1634:
1400:
1392:
1391:
972:
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963:
779:Democratic road
714:
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703:
630:
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621:
568:Social dividend
558:Sharing economy
458:
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243:Political party
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162:Bruno Schönlank
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9241:Social justice
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9149:Egalitarianism
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7199:
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7189:
7187:Pedro Castillo
7183:
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7128:E. P. Thompson
7125:
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7088:Bernie Sanders
7085:
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7073:B. T. Ranadive
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7008:Adrien Marquet
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6998:Nelson Mandela
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6978:Rosa Luxemburg
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6968:Vladimir Lenin
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6958:Henri Lefebvre
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6720:
6715:
6710:
6704:
6702:
6695:
6694:
6692:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6651:
6649:Fred M. Taylor
6646:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6579:William Morris
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6444:James Connolly
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6389:Edward Bellamy
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6360:
6358:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6330:Victor d'Hupay
6327:
6321:
6319:
6312:
6311:
6309:
6308:
6303:
6297:
6295:
6285:
6279:
6278:
6276:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6238:Labour voucher
6235:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6164:
6162:
6158:
6157:
6155:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6005:Egalitarianism
6002:
5997:
5992:
5990:Class struggle
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5956:
5954:
5948:
5947:
5944:
5943:
5941:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5924:
5923:
5918:
5916:In one country
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5882:
5881:
5871:
5870:
5869:
5868:
5867:
5857:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5826:
5824:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5805:
5804:
5799:
5789:
5783:
5781:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5759:
5758:
5757:
5752:
5751:
5750:
5749:
5748:
5738:
5737:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5644:
5634:
5629:
5628:
5627:
5616:
5614:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5593:
5592:
5591:
5586:
5585:
5584:
5579:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5558:
5557:
5550:Left communism
5542:
5537:
5536:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5484:
5483:
5478:
5468:
5463:
5452:
5450:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5432:
5431:
5430:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5359:
5358:
5353:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5307:
5305:
5297:
5296:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5274:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5251:
5242:
5241:
5239:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5222:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5198:
5192:
5190:
5186:
5185:
5183:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5166:
5164:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5125:
5123:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4740:
4738:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4695:
4693:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4646:
4641:
4639:Social justice
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4620:
4619:
4614:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4530:Representative
4527:
4522:
4512:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4499:
4492:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4440:
4438:Labor movement
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4399:
4397:
4389:
4388:
4379:
4378:
4371:
4364:
4356:
4350:
4349:
4336:
4326:
4325:(Google Books)
4320:
4311:
4305:
4296:
4285:
4284:External links
4282:
4281:
4280:
4275:Thomas, Paul.
4273:
4266:
4259:
4252:
4245:
4235:
4221:
4211:
4208:
4198:
4191:
4174:
4167:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4083:. marxists.org
4072:
4058:
4038:
4024:
4004:
3995:
3982:
3973:
3947:
3938:
3919:(3): 561–578.
3901:
3885:
3872:
3859:
3846:
3844:(1952) p 258ff
3833:
3818:
3805:
3790:
3775:
3760:
3734:
3701:
3688:
3673:
3664:
3651:
3642:
3616:
3604:
3581:
3568:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3521:
3512:
3503:
3497:
3482:
3473:
3461:
3451:
3448:
3443:
3440:
3427:
3424:
3381:
3380:Foreign policy
3378:
3349:Rosa Luxemburg
3336:
3333:
3328:Manfred Steger
3317:France in 1848
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3225:
3222:
3195:Rosa Luxemburg
3151:
3148:
3132:'s 1900 essay
3130:Rosa Luxemburg
3110:Erfurt Program
3062:Fabian Society
3018:
3015:
2986:1877 elections
2906:
2903:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2796:
2782:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2743:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2720:
2718:United Kingdom
2715:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2656:
2651:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
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2287:
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2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2172:
2167:
2165:Social justice
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2056:Representative
2053:
2048:
2038:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1968:
1966:Labor movement
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1909:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1845:
1833:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1718:Libertarianism
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1667:Related topics
1666:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
973:
970:
969:
966:
965:
962:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
715:
710:
709:
706:
705:
702:
701:
696:
695:
694:
689:
684:
679:
669:
668:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
637:
631:
628:
627:
624:
623:
620:
619:
614:
609:
604:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
538:Labour voucher
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
459:
456:
455:
452:
451:
448:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
421:
418:
417:
414:
413:
411:
410:
405:
399:
396:
395:
387:
386:
380:
379:
367:
366:
363:
362:
359:
358:
355:
354:
345:
342:
339:
338:
335:
333:Main interests
332:
329:
328:
323:
317:
316:
315:
314:
304:
300:
299:
298:
297:
292:
282:
278:
277:
274:
273:
266:
265:
244:
240:
239:
226:(aged 82)
220:
216:
215:
206:6 January 1850
197:
193:
192:
188:
187:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
172:Otto Pfundtner
170:
164:
163:
160:
154:
153:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
125:
119:
118:
117:Otto Pfundtner
115:
109:
108:
98:
97:
86:
85:
79:
75:
74:
64:
63:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9409:
9398:
9395:
9393:
9390:
9388:
9385:
9383:
9380:
9378:
9375:
9373:
9370:
9368:
9365:
9363:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9353:
9350:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9340:
9338:
9335:
9333:
9330:
9328:
9325:
9323:
9320:
9318:
9315:
9313:
9310:
9308:
9305:
9303:
9300:
9298:
9295:
9293:
9290:
9289:
9287:
9272:
9269:
9268:
9265:
9259:
9258:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9244:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9215:
9212:
9210:
9207:
9205:
9202:
9201:
9200:
9197:
9195:
9192:
9190:
9187:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9174:Jurisprudence
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9157:
9155:
9152:
9150:
9147:
9145:
9142:
9140:
9137:
9135:
9132:
9130:
9127:
9125:
9122:
9121:
9119:
9115:
9106:
9105:
9101:
9096:
9095:
9091:
9086:
9085:
9081:
9076:
9075:
9071:
9066:
9065:
9061:
9056:
9055:
9051:
9046:
9045:
9041:
9036:
9035:
9031:
9026:
9025:
9021:
9016:
9015:
9011:
9006:
9005:
9004:Rights of Man
9001:
8996:
8995:
8991:
8986:
8985:
8981:
8976:
8975:
8971:
8966:
8965:
8961:
8956:
8955:
8951:
8946:
8945:
8941:
8936:
8935:
8931:
8926:
8925:
8921:
8916:
8915:
8914:De re publica
8911:
8906:
8905:
8901:
8896:
8895:
8891:
8890:
8888:
8884:
8874:
8871:
8869:
8866:
8864:
8861:
8859:
8856:
8854:
8851:
8849:
8846:
8844:
8841:
8839:
8836:
8834:
8831:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8784:
8781:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8759:
8756:
8754:
8751:
8749:
8746:
8744:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8734:
8731:
8729:
8726:
8724:
8721:
8719:
8716:
8714:
8711:
8709:
8706:
8704:
8701:
8699:
8696:
8694:
8691:
8689:
8686:
8684:
8681:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8651:
8649:
8646:
8644:
8641:
8639:
8636:
8634:
8631:
8629:
8626:
8624:
8621:
8619:
8616:
8614:
8611:
8609:
8606:
8604:
8601:
8599:
8596:
8594:
8591:
8589:
8586:
8584:
8581:
8579:
8576:
8574:
8571:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8559:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8546:
8544:
8541:
8540:
8538:
8534:20th and 21st
8532:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8483:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8473:
8471:
8468:
8466:
8463:
8461:
8458:
8456:
8453:
8451:
8448:
8446:
8443:
8441:
8438:
8436:
8433:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8416:
8413:
8411:
8408:
8404:
8401:
8400:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8387:
8384:
8383:
8382:
8379:
8377:
8374:
8372:
8369:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8337:
8334:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8317:
8314:
8312:
8309:
8307:
8304:
8302:
8299:
8297:
8294:
8292:
8289:
8287:
8284:
8282:
8279:
8277:
8274:
8273:
8271:
8267:18th and 19th
8265:
8259:
8256:
8254:
8251:
8249:
8246:
8244:
8241:
8239:
8236:
8234:
8231:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8221:
8219:
8216:
8214:
8211:
8209:
8206:
8202:
8199:
8198:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8189:
8187:
8184:
8182:
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8154:
8153:
8151:
8145:
8139:
8136:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8126:
8124:
8123:Nizam al-Mulk
8121:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8109:
8106:
8104:
8101:
8099:
8096:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8084:
8081:
8079:
8076:
8074:
8071:
8070:
8068:
8064:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8031:
8028:
8027:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8006:
8003:
8001:
7998:
7996:
7993:
7991:
7988:
7986:
7983:
7982:
7980:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7967:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7943:
7941:
7938:
7936:
7933:
7931:
7928:
7926:
7923:
7921:
7918:
7915:
7914:
7909:
7907:
7904:
7902:
7899:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7879:
7877:
7874:
7872:
7869:
7867:
7864:
7862:
7859:
7857:
7854:
7851:
7850:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7839:
7837:
7833:
7827:
7824:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7806:Republicanism
7804:
7802:
7799:
7797:
7794:
7792:
7789:
7787:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7774:
7772:
7769:
7767:
7764:
7762:
7759:
7757:
7754:
7752:
7749:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7739:
7737:
7734:
7732:
7729:
7727:
7724:
7722:
7719:
7717:
7714:
7712:
7709:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7699:
7697:
7694:
7692:
7689:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7673:
7671:
7667:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7651:
7648:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7628:
7626:
7623:
7621:
7618:
7616:
7613:
7611:
7608:
7606:
7603:
7602:
7600:
7596:
7590:
7587:
7585:
7582:
7580:
7577:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7535:
7532:
7530:
7527:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7435:
7432:
7431:
7429:
7425:
7421:
7414:
7409:
7407:
7402:
7400:
7395:
7394:
7391:
7379:
7374:
7369:
7367:
7357:
7355:
7350:
7345:
7343:
7342:
7333:
7331:
7330:
7321:
7320:
7317:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7266:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7251:
7249:
7247:
7246:Organizations
7243:
7233:
7230:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7217:Lula da Silva
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7184:
7182:
7175:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7058:Fred Paterson
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7048:George Orwell
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7018:Salama Moussa
7016:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6994:
6993:Nestor Makhno
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6973:György Lukács
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6963:Claude Lefort
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6898:Eric Hobsbawm
6896:
6894:
6893:Safdar Hashmi
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6828:Jeremy Corbyn
6826:
6824:
6823:G. D. H. Cole
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6743:Deng Xiaoping
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6705:
6703:
6696:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6679:Josiah Warren
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6659:Pyotr Tkachev
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6569:Louise Michel
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6549:Pierre Leroux
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6529:Paul Lafargue
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6429:Étienne Cabet
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6414:Georg Büchner
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6379:Enrico Barone
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6361:
6359:
6352:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6322:
6320:
6313:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6298:
6296:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6280:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6159:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6147:Welfare state
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6082:Nanosocialism
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6072:Mixed economy
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6047:
6043:
6041:
6040:Impossibilism
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6010:Equal liberty
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5955:
5949:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5913:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5880:
5879:Eurocommunism
5877:
5876:
5875:
5872:
5866:
5863:
5862:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5827:
5825:
5821:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5794:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5780:
5776:
5768:
5765:
5764:
5763:
5760:
5756:
5753:
5747:
5746:Neo-Stalinism
5744:
5743:
5742:
5739:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5706:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5699:Khrushchevism
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5689:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5639:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5626:
5623:
5622:
5621:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5607:
5606:Authoritarian
5603:
5597:
5594:
5590:
5587:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5574:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5548:
5547:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5493:Individualist
5491:
5489:
5486:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5473:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5443:
5439:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5405:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5388:Revolutionary
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5348:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5304:
5298:
5294:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5272:
5267:
5265:
5260:
5258:
5253:
5252:
5249:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5203:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5187:
5181:
5180:United States
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5120:Organizations
5116:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4731:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4688:
4682:
4681:Welfare state
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4602:Progressivism
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4587:Mixed economy
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4501:
4496:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4377:
4372:
4370:
4365:
4363:
4358:
4357:
4354:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4317:
4316:Die Neue Zeit
4312:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4267:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4196:
4192:
4190:
4186:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4172:
4168:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4113:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4102:
4082:
4076:
4061:
4059:9780307530851
4055:
4051:
4050:
4042:
4027:
4025:9780814742136
4021:
4017:
4016:
4008:
3999:
3992:
3986:
3977:
3962:
3958:
3951:
3942:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3913:
3905:
3899:
3895:
3889:
3882:
3876:
3869:
3863:
3856:
3850:
3843:
3837:
3829:
3822:
3815:
3809:
3801:
3794:
3786:
3779:
3772:
3767:
3765:
3748:
3744:
3738:
3730:
3729:
3723:
3718:
3717:Gilman, D. C.
3712:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3699:, No. I/2002.
3698:
3692:
3684:
3677:
3668:
3661:
3655:
3646:
3638:
3637:
3631:
3623:
3621:
3613:
3608:
3600:
3599:
3593:
3585:
3578:
3572:
3565:
3561:
3560:Berman, Sheri
3556:
3552:
3542:
3538:
3537:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3491:Bernard Miall
3488:
3487:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3474:
3471:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3454:
3453:
3447:
3442:Homosexuality
3439:
3437:
3433:
3423:
3421:
3415:
3413:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3399:protectionism
3395:
3393:
3389:
3388:
3377:
3374:
3370:
3365:
3361:
3356:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3332:
3329:
3325:
3322:In his work,
3320:
3318:
3314:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3252:
3248:
3247:) in Berlin.
3246:
3245:
3240:
3230:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3214:German Empire
3206:
3202:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3171:
3170:
3161:
3156:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3084:
3082:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3024:Karl Höchberg
3014:
3010:
3008:
3004:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2969:
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2961:
2957:
2953:
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2861:
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2848:
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2832:
2830:
2825:
2823:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2808:
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2797:
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2775:
2769:
2768:
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2766:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2748:
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2742:
2739:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2724:
2723:United States
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2653:Organizations
2649:
2648:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
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2608:
2606:
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2598:
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2578:
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2573:
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2568:
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2551:
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2518:
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2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
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2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2274:
2269:
2268:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2218:
2217:Welfare state
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2128:Progressivism
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2113:Mixed economy
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1872:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1844:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1786:Related lists
1784:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1743:Progressivism
1741:
1739:
1738:Nanosocialism
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
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1686:
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1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1643:Organizations
1639:
1638:
1631:
1630:Ocasio-Cortez
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
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1588:
1586:
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1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1550:van der Lubbe
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
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1513:
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1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
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1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
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1456:
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1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
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1406:
1403:
1402:
1396:
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1383:
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1378:
1375:
1373:
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1365:
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1300:
1298:
1295:
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1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1087:Chernyshevsky
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
974:
971:Intellectuals
968:
967:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
904:Revolutionary
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
839:Laissez-faire
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
744:Authoritarian
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
716:
713:
708:
707:
700:
697:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
674:
673:
670:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
642:
641:
638:
636:
633:
632:
626:
625:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
599:
596:
594:
593:Strike action
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
498:Equal liberty
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
460:
454:
453:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
422:
416:
415:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
398:
397:
393:
389:
388:
385:
382:
381:
377:
373:
372:
364:
360:
356:
353:
349:
346:
343:Notable ideas
340:
336:
330:
327:
324:
322:
318:
313:
310:
309:
308:
305:
301:
296:
293:
291:
288:
287:
286:
283:
279:
275:
272:
267:
263:
258:
253:
248:
245:
241:
238:
234:
230:
221:
217:
214:
210:
198:
194:
189:
185:
182:
179:
175:
171:
165:
161:
155:
149:
144:
141:
138:
134:
131:
130:
126:
120:
116:
110:
104:
99:
96:
91:
87:
83:
80:
76:
70:
65:
62:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
9255:
9154:Elite theory
9102:
9092:
9082:
9072:
9062:
9052:
9042:
9032:
9022:
9012:
9002:
8992:
8982:
8972:
8962:
8952:
8942:
8932:
8922:
8912:
8902:
8892:
8582:
8191:Guicciardini
8147:Early modern
7970:Philosophers
7920:Open society
7856:Body politic
7726:Distributism
7716:Conservatism
7711:Confucianism
7630:Gerontocracy
7620:Dictatorship
7574:Sovereignty
7564:Ruling class
7454:Emancipation
7439:Citizenship
7339:
7327:
7158:Clara Zetkin
7138:Leon Trotsky
7133:Ernst Toller
7123:R. H. Tawney
7063:Karl Polanyi
6943:James Larkin
6813:Noam Chomsky
6539:Pyotr Lavrov
6519:Karl Kautsky
6514:Mother Jones
6494:Charles Hall
6484:Emma Goldman
6454:Claire Démar
6393:
6384:August Bebel
6178:Basic income
5686:
5562:Luxemburgism
5513:Neozapatismo
5461:Collectivist
5311:21st century
4783:
4577:Labor rights
4460:Nordic model
4433:Keynesianism
4315:
4276:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4238:
4228:
4224:
4214:
4201:
4194:
4177:
4170:
4153:
4143:
4136:
4129:
4122:
4115:
4105:
4085:. Retrieved
4075:
4063:. Retrieved
4048:
4041:
4029:. Retrieved
4014:
4007:
3998:
3990:
3985:
3976:
3964:. Retrieved
3960:
3950:
3941:
3916:
3910:
3904:
3893:
3888:
3880:
3875:
3870:(1952) p 260
3867:
3862:
3857:(1952) p 259
3854:
3849:
3841:
3836:
3827:
3821:
3813:
3808:
3799:
3793:
3784:
3778:
3770:
3753:16 September
3751:. Retrieved
3746:
3737:
3726:
3691:
3682:
3676:
3667:
3659:
3654:
3645:
3634:
3611:
3607:
3596:
3584:
3576:
3571:
3563:
3555:
3540:
3525:
3516:
3507:
3499:
3485:
3475:
3469:
3464:
3456:
3445:
3429:
3416:
3402:
3396:
3391:
3385:
3383:
3357:
3345:Karl Kautsky
3338:
3323:
3321:
3309:
3294:
3290:Karl Kautsky
3282:Eduard David
3268:
3267:
3238:
3235:
3211:
3167:
3165:
3143:
3139:
3133:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3107:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3086:
3080:
3078:
3058:Kentish Town
3053:
3044:
3038:
3036:
3032:Karl Kautsky
3020:
3011:
2983:
2975:
2963:
2956:August Bebel
2928:
2908:
2846:
2845:
2798:
2784:
2770:
2319:
2103:Labor rights
1988:Nordic model
1961:Keynesianism
1439:
799:Evolutionary
719:21st-century
513:Freed market
270:
237:German Reich
224:(1932-12-18)
181:Breslau-West
177:Constituency
168:Succeeded by
147:
140:Breslau-West
136:Constituency
127:
123:Succeeded by
102:
78:Constituency
68:
29:
9297:1932 deaths
9292:1850 births
9028:(1835–1840)
8908:(c. 350 BC)
8898:(c. 375 BC)
8515:Tocqueville
8480:Saint-Simon
8445:Montesquieu
8296:Bolingbroke
8228:Machiavelli
8108:Ibn Khaldun
8073:Alpharabius
8066:Middle Ages
7891:Natural law
7866:Common good
7791:Nationalism
7751:Imperialism
7721:Corporatism
7696:Colonialism
7676:Agrarianism
7655:Technocracy
7635:Meritocracy
7615:Bureaucracy
7605:Aristocracy
7222:Evo Morales
7212:Kim Jong Un
7192:Hugo Chávez
7163:Howard Zinn
7153:Cornel West
7148:H. G. Wells
7118:Sun Yat-sen
6953:Jack Layton
6928:Kim Jong-il
6883:Maxim Gorky
6833:Marcel Déat
6748:Jiang Zemin
6689:Oscar Wilde
6629:George Sand
6584:Robert Owen
6509:Jean Jaurès
6399:Louis Blanc
6306:Thomas More
6268:Technocracy
6142:Trade union
6112:Revisionism
6062:Land reform
5933:Third World
5860:Nationalist
5652:Brezhnevism
5625:Nechayevism
5567:Mao-Spontex
5533:Syndicalist
5523:Communalism
5518:Platformism
5471:Free-market
5442:Libertarian
5428:Technocracy
5378:Nationalist
5356:Syndicalism
4671:Tripartisme
4666:Trade union
4572:Land reform
4453:Revisionist
4328:Archive of
4087:12 December
4065:12 December
4031:12 December
3966:19 December
3840:Peter Gay,
3749:(in German)
3495:online free
3353:revisionism
3297:proletariat
3175:World War I
3074:revisionism
2933:party with
2202:Trade union
2098:Land reform
1981:Revisionist
1830:WikiProject
1708:French Left
1500:Spiridonova
1399:Politicians
1312:Castoriadis
992:Saint-Simon
944:Third World
939:Syndicalism
874:Nationalist
849:Libertarian
814:Free-market
677:Lange model
665:Soviet-type
635:Communalism
607:Vanguardism
563:Spontaneism
473:Cooperative
419:Development
352:Revisionism
264:(1918–1932)
259:(1917–1919)
254:(1875–1917)
249:(1872–1875)
158:Preceded by
113:Preceded by
61:Brandenburg
9286:Categories
9236:Separatism
9044:On Liberty
8944:The Prince
8673:Huntington
8176:Campanella
8103:al-Ghazali
8052:Thucydides
8010:Lactantius
7955:Statolatry
7781:Monarchism
7761:Liberalism
7686:Capitalism
7669:Ideologies
7650:Plutocracy
7598:Government
7554:Revolution
7539:Propaganda
7489:Legitimacy
7464:Government
7329:Categories
7232:Xi Jinping
7168:J. Posadas
6848:John Dewey
6838:Guy Debord
6758:Jyoti Basu
6639:Eugène Sue
5953:and issues
5951:Key topics
5928:Sri Lankan
5901:Melanesian
5896:Indonesian
5845:Bolivarian
5767:Lassallism
5755:Tkachevism
5637:Bolshevism
5611:from above
5596:Third camp
5572:Trotskyism
5447:from below
5413:Icarianism
5408:Fourierism
5393:Scientific
5326:Democratic
5301:Schools of
5104:Woodsworth
4929:Hilferding
4789:Betancourt
4779:Ben-Gurion
4654:Capitalism
4629:Secularism
4562:Gradualism
4557:Fair trade
4525:Industrial
4150:Gay, Peter
3548:References
3412:free trade
3277:capitalism
3183:reformists
3097:quand même
2974:'s famous
2943:Eisenacher
2905:Early life
2460:Hilferding
2325:Betancourt
2315:Ben-Gurion
2207:Tripartism
2180:Capitalism
2155:Secularism
2083:Gradualism
2078:Fair trade
2051:Industrial
1801:Socialists
1796:By country
1678:Capitalism
1560:Mitterrand
1525:Gerhardsen
1470:Liebknecht
1455:Markievicz
1382:Varoufakis
1332:Fotopoulos
1002:Saint-Just
997:Buonarroti
982:Campanella
919:Scientific
854:Marhaenism
809:Fourierism
794:Ecological
774:Democratic
202:1850-01-06
8954:Leviathan
8934:Monarchia
8928:(c. 1274)
8763:Oakeshott
8708:Mansfield
8703:Luxemburg
8688:Kropotkin
8583:Bernstein
8536:centuries
8450:Nietzsche
8393:Jefferson
8321:Condorcet
8269:centuries
8248:Pufendorf
8113:Marsilius
8000:Confucius
7985:Aristotle
7978:Antiquity
7906:Noble lie
7826:Third Way
7821:Socialism
7746:Feudalism
7701:Communism
7681:Anarchism
7660:Theocracy
7645:Oligarchy
7625:Democracy
7610:Autocracy
7524:Pluralism
7509:Obedience
7474:Hierarchy
7434:Authority
7280:Communism
7275:Anarchism
7202:Hu Jintao
7028:Imre Nagy
6818:M. N. Roy
6778:Léon Blum
6773:Tony Benn
6708:Tariq Ali
6564:Karl Marx
6168:Adhocracy
6107:Reformism
5995:Democracy
5865:Chiangist
5855:Communist
5802:communism
5797:anarchism
5792:Christian
5779:Religious
5741:Stalinism
5667:Guevarism
5657:Castroism
5632:Blanquism
5508:Mutualism
5466:Communist
5456:Anarchism
5383:Reformist
5351:Labourism
5321:Communist
5279:Socialism
5208:Socialism
5196:Communism
5163:By region
5109:Zhordania
5049:Plekhanov
5014:MacDonald
5009:Luxemburg
4904:Gaitskell
4864:Daszyński
4824:Callaghan
4784:Bernstein
4724:Third Way
4659:Socialism
4617:Socialism
4607:Reformism
4542:Dirigisme
4515:Democracy
4470:Socialism
3785:Comrades!
3489:, trans.
3360:socialism
3288:opponent
3273:Karl Marx
3244:Ehrengrab
3241:(German:
3187:centrists
3101:Neue Zeit
3003:Reichstag
2972:Karl Marx
2970:in 1875.
2931:socialist
2871:Karl Marx
2753:Socialism
2741:Communism
2702:By region
2640:Zhordania
2585:Plekhanov
2555:MacDonald
2550:Luxemburg
2435:Gaitskell
2395:Daszyński
2360:Callaghan
2320:Bernstein
2260:Third Way
2185:Socialism
2143:Socialism
2133:Reformism
2063:Dirigisme
2041:Democracy
1998:Socialism
1673:Anarchism
1595:Gorbachev
1445:Malatesta
1440:Bernstein
1217:Pankhurst
1197:Pannekoek
1187:Luxemburg
1142:Plekhanov
1117:Carpenter
1112:Kropotkin
909:Ricardian
899:Religious
894:Reformism
879:Nkrumaism
869:Municipal
769:Communism
764:Christian
749:Blanquism
739:Anarchism
682:Mutualism
384:Socialism
326:Socialism
148:In office
103:In office
69:In office
9209:Centrism
8904:Politics
8894:Republic
8863:Voegelin
8843:Spengler
8828:Shariati
8803:Rothbard
8758:Nussbaum
8658:Habermas
8633:Fukuyama
8623:Foucault
8548:Ambedkar
8525:Voltaire
8495:de Staël
8470:Rousseau
8351:Franklin
8326:Constant
8286:Beccaria
8118:Muhammad
8098:Gelasius
8083:Averroes
8057:Xenophon
8037:Polybius
7990:Chanakya
7835:Concepts
7801:Populism
7771:Localism
7756:Islamism
7741:Feminism
7640:Monarchy
7544:Property
7534:Progress
7499:Monopoly
7469:Hegemony
7300:Old Left
7295:New Left
7268:See also
7197:Bob Crow
6733:Aung San
6161:Concepts
5938:Yugoslav
5874:European
5787:Buddhist
5694:Kadarism
5682:Husakism
5677:Hoxhaism
5662:Ceaușism
5642:Leninism
5620:Barracks
5582:Posadism
5577:Pabloism
5503:Magonism
5336:Feminist
5316:Agrarian
5074:Stauning
4994:Lévesque
4979:Lassalle
4959:Kerensky
4949:Katayama
4914:González
4849:Crosland
4829:Cárdenas
4814:Branting
4744:Ambedkar
4691:Variants
4520:Economic
4503:Concepts
4448:Orthodox
4423:Humanism
4185:Archived
4161:Archived
3373:idealism
3351:for his
3315:, as in
3259:Opinions
3169:Vorwärts
3089:Vorwärts
2891:Hegelian
2610:Stauning
2535:Lévesque
2520:Lassalle
2500:Kerensky
2490:Katayama
2480:Jumblatt
2445:González
2380:Crosland
2365:Cárdenas
2350:Branting
2280:Ambedkar
2229:Variants
2046:Economic
2025:Concepts
1976:Orthodox
1951:Humanism
1898:a series
1896:Part of
1791:Category
1530:Erlander
1490:Kerensky
1460:Connolly
1317:Thompson
1302:Bookchin
1292:Montseny
1242:Vanzetti
1207:Einstein
1177:Landauer
1082:Saltykov
1077:Lassalle
1037:Proudhon
819:Gandhian
804:Feminist
754:Buddhist
734:Agrarian
712:Variants
376:a series
374:Part of
9246:Statism
9159:Elitism
9117:Related
8918:(51 BC)
8848:Strauss
8823:Scruton
8818:Schmitt
8808:Russell
8728:Michels
8723:Maurras
8718:Marcuse
8678:Kautsky
8648:Gramsci
8643:Gentile
8613:Dworkin
8603:Du Bois
8598:Dmowski
8593:Chomsky
8588:Burnham
8573:Benoist
8543:Agamben
8510:Thoreau
8500:Stirner
8490:Spencer
8435:Mazzini
8425:Maistre
8420:Madison
8415:Le Play
8346:Fourier
8311:Carlyle
8291:Bentham
8281:Bastiat
8276:Bakunin
8253:Spinoza
8243:Müntzer
8213:Leibniz
8186:Grotius
8166:Bossuet
8133:Plethon
8078:Aquinas
8047:Sun Tzu
8015:Mencius
8005:Han Fei
7776:Marxism
7736:Fascism
7569:Society
7494:Liberty
7479:Justice
7459:Freedom
7113:Sukarno
7013:Mao Dun
5906:Mexican
5891:Israeli
5850:Chinese
5830:African
5809:Islamic
5709:Dengism
5418:Owenism
5403:Utopian
5373:Marxian
5363:Liberal
5331:Ethical
5303:thought
5293:Outline
5289:History
5189:Related
5175:Germany
5170:Austria
5094:Whitlam
5084:Den Uyl
5064:Sanders
5059:Russell
5029:Morales
5019:Mandela
4954:Kautsky
4939:Jenkins
4919:Goulart
4874:Douglas
4764:Awolowo
4749:Allende
4676:Welfare
4535:Marxist
4443:Marxism
4394:History
4345:of the
4341:in the
4332:at the
4301:at the
4249:Dissent
4099:Sources
3933:1864587
3432:Zionist
3426:Zionism
3407:autarky
3343:led by
2984:In the
2935:Marxist
2879:Marxism
2851:German:
2735:Related
2713:Germany
2708:Austria
2630:Whitlam
2620:Den Uyl
2600:Sanders
2595:Russell
2560:Mandela
2495:Kautsky
2475:Jenkins
2450:Goulart
2405:Douglas
2300:Awolowo
2285:Allende
2212:Welfare
1971:Marxism
1924:History
1625:Sánchez
1610:Sankara
1570:Mandela
1555:Kreisky
1545:Allende
1540:Senghor
1535:Douglas
1520:Durruti
1485:Trotsky
1377:Graeber
1357:Hampton
1327:Chomsky
1272:Marcuse
1257:Gramsci
1247:Bordiga
1237:Polanyi
1192:Russell
1182:Berkman
1172:Goldman
1162:Du Bois
1132:Kautsky
1127:Bellamy
1092:Tolstoy
1067:Wallace
1052:Bakunin
1042:Greeley
1032:Blanqui
1012:Fourier
959:Zionist
949:Utopian
889:Popular
884:Owenism
864:Marxism
844:Liberal
829:Islamic
789:Ethical
784:Digital
759:Chinese
724:African
408:Outline
403:History
95:Silesia
82:Potsdam
9108:(1992)
9098:(1971)
9088:(1951)
9078:(1945)
9068:(1944)
9058:(1929)
9048:(1859)
9038:(1848)
9018:(1820)
9008:(1791)
8998:(1790)
8988:(1762)
8978:(1748)
8968:(1689)
8958:(1651)
8948:(1532)
8938:(1313)
8868:Walzer
8858:Taylor
8813:Sartre
8778:Popper
8773:Pareto
8768:Ortega
8753:Nozick
8743:Mouffe
8693:Laclau
8653:Guénon
8638:Gandhi
8578:Berlin
8568:Bauman
8563:Badiou
8553:Arendt
8520:Tucker
8410:Le Bon
8371:Herder
8361:Haller
8356:Godwin
8341:Fichte
8336:Engels
8331:Cortés
8301:Bonald
8258:Suárez
8233:Milton
8223:Luther
8196:Hobbes
8181:Filmer
8171:Calvin
8156:Boétie
8149:period
8128:Ockham
7995:Cicero
7796:Nazism
7584:Utopia
7559:Rights
7549:Regime
7519:People
7504:Nation
7043:Ne Win
6983:Lu Xun
6283:People
5911:Soviet
5886:Indian
5814:Jewish
5704:Maoism
5528:Social
5368:Market
5099:Wilson
5079:Thomas
5069:Savage
5034:Myrdal
4984:Layton
4964:Kéthly
4944:Junmai
4934:Jaurès
4924:Hardie
4909:Gandhi
4899:Fraser
4894:Engels
4889:Ecevit
4859:Curtin
4854:Corbyn
4834:Chávez
4809:Brandt
4794:Bhutto
4759:Attlee
4754:Ardern
4735:People
4243:online
4233:online
4219:online
4206:online
4182:online
4158:online
4110:online
4056:
4022:
3931:
3898:online
3773:(1899)
2988:, the
2981:Marx.
2915:Jewish
2635:Wilson
2615:Thomas
2605:Savage
2570:Myrdal
2525:Layton
2505:Kéthly
2485:Junmai
2470:Jaurès
2455:Hardie
2440:Gandhi
2430:Fraser
2425:Engels
2420:Ecevit
2390:Curtin
2385:Corbyn
2345:Brandt
2330:Bhutto
2295:Attlee
2290:Ardern
2273:People
1620:Marcos
1615:Chávez
1605:Corbyn
1580:Manley
1575:Dubček
1565:Nasser
1505:Makhno
1495:Attlee
1480:Martov
1465:Gandhi
1420:Babeuf
1410:Mazdak
1372:Hedges
1352:Öcalan
1337:Newton
1297:Sartre
1287:Guérin
1282:Orwell
1232:Korsch
1227:Lukács
1212:Keller
1202:Rocker
1147:Ferrer
1102:Morris
1097:Michel
1072:Lavrov
1062:Engels
1047:Herzen
1022:Leroux
954:Yellow
859:Market
834:Jewish
629:Models
321:School
303:Region
229:Berlin
9257:Index
8886:Works
8873:Weber
8838:Spann
8833:Sorel
8798:Röpke
8793:Rawls
8748:Negri
8738:Mosca
8733:Mises
8698:Lenin
8668:Hoppe
8663:Hayek
8628:Fromm
8618:Evola
8608:Dugin
8505:Taine
8485:Smith
8465:Renan
8460:Paine
8381:Iqbal
8366:Hegel
8316:Comte
8306:Burke
8218:Locke
8208:James
8161:Bodin
8093:Dante
8088:Bruni
8042:Shang
8025:Plato
7579:State
7529:Power
7514:Peace
7449:Elite
7427:Terms
7177:21st
6698:20th
6354:19th
6315:18th
6291:16th
5762:State
5688:Juche
5488:Green
5346:Guild
5341:Green
5054:Prodi
5044:Palme
5039:Nehru
4989:Lenin
4974:Lagos
4884:Ebert
4879:Drees
4844:Craxi
4839:Clark
4819:Brown
4804:Blanc
4799:Blair
4774:Bebel
4225:redux
3929:JSTOR
3866:Gay,
3853:Gay,
3450:Works
3193:like
3017:Exile
2968:Gotha
2590:Prodi
2580:Palme
2575:Nehru
2530:Lenin
2515:Lagos
2465:İnönü
2415:Ebert
2410:Drees
2375:Craxi
2370:Clark
2355:Brown
2340:Blanc
2335:Blair
2310:Bebel
1806:Songs
1780:Lists
1585:Palme
1435:Bebel
1425:Blanc
1387:Saito
1362:Žižek
1342:Wolff
1277:James
1262:Sacco
1252:Serge
1222:Volin
1167:Gorky
1157:Wells
1152:Dewey
1137:Wilde
1122:Sorel
1107:Jones
1017:Cabet
987:Paine
934:State
924:Sewer
824:Guild
602:needs
457:Ideas
93:from
59:from
8788:Rand
8783:Qutb
8683:Kirk
8558:Aron
8475:Sade
8455:Owen
8440:Mill
8430:Marx
8398:Kant
8376:Hume
8238:More
8138:Wang
8020:Mozi
7444:Duty
5921:Real
5840:Arab
5089:Webb
5024:Marx
4969:Kirk
4869:Debs
4612:Left
4089:2014
4067:2014
4054:ISBN
4033:2014
4020:ISBN
3968:2016
3755:2016
3197:and
3160:USPD
3158:The
3064:and
3030:and
2958:and
2873:and
2625:Webb
2565:Marx
2510:Kirk
2400:Debs
2138:Left
1600:Lula
1515:Nagy
1510:Tito
1475:Blum
1450:Debs
1430:Hong
1415:Roux
1367:West
1322:Ward
1307:Zinn
1057:Marx
1007:Owen
977:More
729:Arab
655:OGAS
257:USPD
247:SDAP
219:Died
196:Born
8853:Sun
8713:Mao
7589:War
7484:Law
4347:ZBW
4292:at
3921:doi
3201:.
3146:).
3104:it.
3068:'s
2950:'s
2913:to
1590:Che
1347:Ali
1267:Day
1027:Sue
281:Era
262:SPD
252:SPD
9288::
7179:c.
6700:c.
6356:c.
6317:c.
6293:c.
5291:-
4152:,
3959:.
3927:.
3917:88
3915:.
3763:^
3725:.
3704:^
3633:.
3619:^
3595:.
3562:.
3326:,
3307:.
3009:.
1900:on
378:on
235:,
231:,
211:,
7412:e
7405:t
7398:v
6048:"
6044:"
5613:)
5609:(
5449:)
5445:(
5270:e
5263:t
5256:v
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5200:"
4375:e
4368:t
4361:v
4091:.
4069:.
4035:.
3970:.
3935:.
3923::
3757:.
3639:.
3479:.
3472:.
3390:(
3142:(
3124:(
3116:(
3043:(
2946:(
2849:(
2835:e
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1832:)
1828:(
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