40:
856:
330:
Emulation of the cultural hero, the religious martyr Saint
Euphemia, may have had a more contemporary association and reason for selection as the royal name for the empress, especially given the religious changes taking place in Constantinople at the time and the apparent interest of the empress in
205:
of this published work, being most laudatory of the new dynasty. Critics of
Procopius (whose secret history reveals a man seriously disillusioned with his rulers) have dismissed his posthumously published work as a severely biased source, being vitriolic and pornographic, but without other sources,
536:
of her prospective niece-in-law. Procopius clarifies that only following her death was
Justinian able to arrange his betrothal and marriage to Theodora. The widowed Justin proceeded to pass a law allowing intermarriage between social classes, presumably for the sake of his heir. Vasiliev estimated
459:
to the throne. His election is described as the result of a combination of commanding the only effective troops within the capital and buying the support of the other officials. Supposedly
Amantius had given a substantial sum of money to Justin in order to buy his support, however, Justin used the
410:. The daughter of Olybrius and Irene was named Proba. She married Probus and was mother to a younger Juliana. This younger Juliana married another Anastasius and was mother of Areobindus, Placidia, and a younger Proba. Another nephew of Anastasius was
467:
As Justin I, he was proclaimed emperor in the
Hippodrome in accordance with tradition. Lupicina became his empress consort under the name Euphemia. The name was probably chosen for reasons of respectability. The original
206:
critics have been unable to discredit some of the assertions in the publication. Although its motives are suspect and it can not be verified, its titillating nature has kept it as a popular reference.
492:
in her name. An alleged miracle in her grave had supposedly confirmed the decisions taken. The selection of this name is suspected to be an early indication of both Justin and
Lupicina being fervent
537:
the death of
Euphemia to have occurred in 523 or 524. The marriage of Justinian and Theodora has been estimated to 525. She became an equal ruler with her husband and was greatly admired by many.
237:(modern Niš, South Serbia). As a teenager, he fled from a barbaric invasion, took refuge in Constantinople, and rose in the ranks of the army of the Eastern Roman Empire.
521:
Procopius also claims that both members of the imperial couple attained the throne in the closing years of their lives. Being childless, their heir was
423:
512:
that
Euphemia was unacquainted with affairs of state and thus unable to take part in government, an official church source which dates to 540, the
460:
sum to buy support for himself. Both
Amantius and Theocritus were executed nine days after the election. On 1 August 518, Justin sent a letter to
696:
1836:
1678:
933:
1846:
738:
795:
778:
1754:
1720:
1562:
380:
942:
893:
592:
565:
225:
Originally named Istok, the man who would become Justin I was a
Thracian or Illyrian peasant from the Latinophone region of
1683:
402:
in 496. A sister-in-law, known as Magna, was mother to Irene and mother-in-law to Olybrius. This Olybrius was the son of
1628:
1425:
1207:
407:
857:
Continuité des élites à Byzance durante les siècles obscurs. Les princes caucasiens et l'Empire du VIe au IXe siècle
427:
1455:
456:
169:, where she was buried following her death, probably in either 523 or 524. Justin was buried by her side in 527.
832:
673:
1430:
1359:
384:
245:
1511:
1450:
926:
248:
theorised that the original name of his wife may indicate a linguistic association in another language, with
818:
1638:
1567:
1552:
1420:
1252:
1237:
388:
256:
word "Lupae" (she-wolves). While the word in its singular Latin form "Lupa" could literally mean a female
1826:
1500:
1093:
356:
349:", the imperial bodyguard). On the night hours of 8 July 518 – 9 July 518, Anastasius died and his
54:
201:
was published posthumously. The seven volumes of histories that were published in his lifetime were the
1841:
700:
443:
230:
1673:
1557:
1495:
1461:
1174:
312:
45:
1505:
919:
477:
1591:
1580:
1440:
1212:
1197:
580:
186:
426:, Roman consul in 518 also was a great-nephew of Anastasius. His daughter Juliana later married
1775:
1304:
1114:
903:
529:
210:
870:
1648:
1586:
1517:
1374:
986:
582:
555:
419:
415:
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265:
1805:
indicates a consort to an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper, and
684:
1831:
1749:
1668:
1527:
1435:
1262:
1068:
1031:
685:
Judy Grahn, "Blood, Bread, and Roses: How Menstruation Created the World" (1994), Chapter 9
485:
279:
in Pompeii. Many of these denigrating uses may have origins in derisive comments about the
414:, consul in 502. Caesaria, sister of Anastasius, married Secundinus. They were parents to
295:), which would imply a quite different derivation and make greater sense of the choice of
8:
1727:
1710:
1690:
1653:
1633:
1485:
1119:
514:
411:
395:
361:
30:
742:
1700:
1658:
1618:
1573:
1480:
1026:
1001:
627:
376:
807:
581:
Jelena Bogdanović; Ida Sinkević; Marina Mihaljević; Cedomila Marinkovic, eds. (2023).
287:
that predated the Roman, in which the deity was represented as a she-wolf (similar to
209:
The marriage of Euphemia and Justin is estimated to have happened during the reign of
1782:
1611:
1410:
1344:
1227:
1202:
1191:
1129:
1083:
886:
631:
609:
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561:
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341:
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128:
1537:
226:
1787:
1732:
1643:
1623:
1606:
1542:
1522:
1393:
1364:
1314:
1159:
1103:
1061:
1051:
1041:
976:
617:
557:
Age of Spirituality: Late Antique and Early Christian Art, Third to Seventh Century
148:
1737:
1695:
1663:
1596:
1547:
1467:
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1016:
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1006:
991:
966:
292:
911:
766:(by G.W. Bowersock, Oleg Grabar). Harvard University Press, 1999. Pages 300-301.
659:
437:
Nonetheless, Justin was elected as the new emperor by the council. According to
434:. The extensive family may well have included viable candidates for the throne.
387:
for the election of the new emperor. Meanwhile, the people were gathered in the
1742:
1601:
1532:
1475:
1282:
1134:
1078:
1073:
1046:
996:
971:
461:
403:
372:
214:
166:
159:
86:
1820:
1770:
1715:
1705:
1405:
1369:
1329:
1324:
1222:
1139:
497:
324:
39:
1109:
1021:
726:
493:
452:
438:
399:
351:
249:
1056:
522:
489:
316:
194:
622:
518:, attributes the ecclesiastical policies of Justin to Empress Euphemia.
394:
Anastasius died childless, but had several known relatives. His brother
1277:
951:
346:
268:
202:
140:
464:
where he claimed he was an unwilling participant in his own election.
271:
for the lowest class of Roman prostitutes. The derivative Latin word "
242:
Justin, the First: An Introduction to the Epoch of Justinian the Great
1334:
1179:
981:
697:"W. C. Firebaugh, "Terms for Ancient Roman Prostitutes and Brothels""
584:
Type and Archetype in Late Antique and Byzantine Art and Architecture
528:
Procopius states that Euphemia opposed the marriage of her nephew to
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431:
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257:
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1232:
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1036:
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276:
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234:
123:
1339:
1185:
610:"A marble statue from Nis of an early Byzantine imperial woman"
280:
95:
1242:
961:
253:
213:(reigned 491–518) when Justin had a prosperous career in the
533:
304:
500:
and his succession marked a change in religious policies.
375:. The high officials, including the recently appointed
327:
is another name for the wolf or the deity represented.
871:
Her listing in Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire
303:, as an alternative name for the empress. The wolf,
808:
Rodolphe Guilland, "Eunuchs in the Byzantine Empire"
371:. By morning the event had been announced through
791:
789:
787:
774:
772:
764:Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World
941:
424:Anastasius Paulus Probus Moschianus Probus Magnus
1818:
525:. He was the nephew and adoptive son of Justin.
819:"The Miracle of Saint Euphemia the All-Praised"
784:
769:
660:Geoffrey Greatrex, "Euphemia, Wife of Justin I"
451:, commander of an elite guard unit of the late
391:and awaited the proclamation of a new emperor.
828:
826:
927:
669:
667:
365:and commander of the palace regiments of the
1801:indicates a consort to a junior co-emperor,
727:James Allan Evans, "Justin I (518–527 A.D.)"
339:By 518, Justin had risen to the position of
233:. He was born in a hamlet near Bederiana in
823:
934:
920:
664:
655:
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
560:. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 32.
38:
833:Procopius, "Secret History", Chapter 9.47
674:Procopius, "Secret History", Chapter 6.17
621:
553:
334:
607:
796:Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire
779:Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire
722:
720:
718:
638:
197:of her owner. The information from the
55:Empress consort of the Byzantine Empire
1819:
165:of Justin and she founded a Church of
158:Empress Euphemia is credited with the
915:
496:Christians. Anastasius had supported
488:(451) had taken place in a cathedral
252:. Vasiliev connected the name to the
715:
447:, Amantius, had intended to elect a
193:. He asserted that she had been the
532:as she was opposed to the supposed
503:
229:, which is part of the province of
13:
1837:Imperial Roman slaves and freedmen
220:
143:: Εὐφημία, died 523 or 524), born
14:
1858:
864:
508:Although Procopius states in his
1847:6th-century Byzantine empresses
837:
812:
801:
757:
359:to his deathbed. Celer was the
44:Possible portrait of Euphemia,
731:
689:
678:
601:
574:
547:
385:Great Palace of Constantinople
1:
1809:incidates an empress regnant.
540:
331:the veneration of the saint.
315:of this wolf-goddess and the
172:
1639:Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera
389:Hippodrome of Constantinople
7:
480:. She was a local saint of
381:Patriarch of Constantinople
10:
1863:
444:praepositus sacri cubiculi
323:that preceded the Roman.
1796:
1763:
1674:Elena Asenina of Bulgaria
1392:
1313:
1261:
1175:Flavia Maximiana Theodora
1148:
1092:
950:
900:
894:Byzantine Empress consort
891:
883:
878:
122:
112:
102:
80:
72:
68:
60:
53:
46:National Museum of Serbia
37:
28:
23:
554:Weitzmann, Kurt (1979).
478:Diocletianic Persecution
147:, was an Empress of the
107:Church of Saint Euphemia
1592:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
1198:Flavia Julia Constantia
608:Rakocija, Misa (2022).
383:, were summoned to the
1115:Marcia Otacilia Severa
335:Succession of Justin I
185:, Lupicina was both a
1679:Theodora Palaiologina
1649:Anna Komnene Angelina
1587:Catherine of Bulgaria
1518:Eudokia Dekapolitissa
987:Agrippina the Younger
739:""The Consular List""
587:. BRILL. p. 33.
321:Etruscan civilization
1750:Sophia of Montferrat
1669:Anna of Hohenstaufen
1528:Theophano Martinakia
1436:Theodora of Khazaria
1069:Julia Cornelia Paula
1032:Faustina the Younger
486:Council of Chalcedon
355:summoned Justin and
275:" was the name of a
149:Eastern Roman Empire
1728:Keratsa of Bulgaria
1711:Helena Kantakouzene
1691:Irene of Montferrat
1654:Philippa of Armenia
1634:Margaret of Hungary
1486:Theophano of Athens
1305:Julius Nepos's wife
1120:Herennia Etruscilla
943:Roman and Byzantine
623:10.2298/STA2272253R
515:Chronicle of Edessa
362:magister officiorum
345:("Commander of the
1827:5th-century births
1755:Maria of Trebizond
1721:Irene Palaiologina
1701:Irene of Brunswick
1659:Maria of Courtenay
1619:Bertha of Sulzbach
1027:Faustina the Elder
1002:Statilia Messalina
449:comes domesticorum
377:John of Cappadocia
311:is related to the
260:, it also was the
246:Alexander Vasiliev
64:10 July 518 – 524?
1842:Justinian dynasty
1814:
1813:
1783:Byzantine emperor
1612:Dobrodeia of Kiev
1388:
1387:
1192:Valeria Maximilla
1130:Cornelia Salonina
1084:Sallustia Orbiana
910:
909:
901:Succeeded by
594:978-90-04-53778-1
567:978-0-87099-179-0
455:, by the name of
368:Scholae palatinae
342:comes excubitorum
309:Romulus and Remus
285:Etruscan religion
283:of a cult of the
177:According to the
134:
133:
129:Justinian Dynasty
1854:
1733:Irene Gattilusio
1644:Eudokia Angelina
1624:Maria of Antioch
1607:Irene of Hungary
1543:Zoe Karbonopsina
1523:Eudokia Ingerina
1396:Byzantine Empire
1259:
1258:
1104:Caecilia Paulina
1062:Fulvia Plautilla
1052:Manlia Scantilla
1042:Bruttia Crispina
977:Milonia Caesonia
936:
929:
922:
913:
912:
884:Preceded by
876:
875:
848:
841:
835:
830:
821:
816:
810:
805:
799:
793:
782:
776:
767:
761:
755:
754:
752:
750:
745:on 17 April 2008
741:. Archived from
735:
729:
724:
713:
712:
710:
708:
699:. Archived from
693:
687:
682:
676:
671:
662:
657:
636:
635:
625:
605:
599:
598:
578:
572:
571:
551:
504:Empress Euphemia
474:Christian martyr
42:
21:
20:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1792:
1759:
1696:Rita of Armenia
1684:Anna of Hungary
1664:Irene Laskarina
1629:Agnes of France
1597:Maria of Alania
1548:Helena Lekapene
1398:
1395:
1384:
1317:
1309:
1293:Marcia Euphemia
1288:Licinia Eudoxia
1265:
1257:
1248:Aelia Flaccilla
1170:Galeria Valeria
1152:
1144:
1125:Cornelia Supera
1096:
1088:
1017:Pompeia Plotina
1012:Domitia Longina
1007:Galeria Fundana
992:Claudia Octavia
967:Livia Orestilla
954:
946:
940:
906:
897:
889:
867:
852:
851:
842:
838:
831:
824:
817:
813:
806:
802:
794:
785:
777:
770:
762:
758:
748:
746:
737:
736:
732:
725:
716:
706:
704:
703:on 20 July 2011
695:
694:
690:
683:
679:
672:
665:
658:
639:
616:(72): 253–266.
606:
602:
595:
579:
575:
568:
552:
548:
543:
506:
430:, a brother of
337:
293:Greek Mythology
223:
221:New royal names
175:
151:by marriage to
108:
89:
85:
49:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1860:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1812:
1811:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1743:Anna of Moscow
1735:
1730:
1725:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1604:
1602:Irene Doukaina
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1538:Eudokia Baïana
1535:
1533:Zoe Zaoutzaina
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1476:Maria of Amnia
1473:
1465:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
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1321:
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1315:Eastern Empire
1311:
1310:
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1307:
1302:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1283:Galla Placidia
1280:
1275:
1269:
1267:
1263:Western Empire
1256:
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1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1156:
1154:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1135:Ulpia Severina
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1100:
1098:
1090:
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1087:
1086:
1081:
1079:Annia Faustina
1076:
1074:Aquilia Severa
1071:
1066:
1054:
1049:
1047:Flavia Titiana
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
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1019:
1014:
1009:
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997:Poppaea Sabina
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
972:Lollia Paulina
969:
964:
958:
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955:27 BC – AD 235
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398:had served as
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1353:
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1348:
1346:
1343:
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1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1330:Aelia Eudocia
1328:
1326:
1325:Aelia Eudoxia
1323:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1306:
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1234:
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1226:
1224:
1223:Marina Severa
1221:
1219:
1216:
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1211:
1209:
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1201:
1199:
1196:
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1189:
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1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
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1147:
1141:
1140:Magnia Urbica
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
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932:
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925:
923:
918:
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914:
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879:Royal titles
877:
872:
869:
868:
859:
858:
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834:
829:
827:
820:
815:
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723:
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558:
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546:
538:
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531:
526:
524:
519:
517:
516:
511:
501:
499:
498:Monophysitism
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
465:
463:
458:
454:
450:
446:
445:
440:
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364:
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358:
354:
353:
348:
344:
343:
332:
328:
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325:Acca Larentia
322:
318:
314:
310:
307:, who nursed
306:
302:
298:
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67:
63:
59:
56:
52:
47:
41:
36:
33:
32:
27:
22:
16:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1741:
1719:
1682:
1610:
1579:
1572:
1510:
1468:
1460:
1354:
1297:
1190:
1110:Tranquillina
1060:
1022:Vibia Sabina
892:
855:
844:
839:
814:
803:
763:
759:
747:. Retrieved
743:the original
733:
705:. Retrieved
701:the original
691:
680:
613:
603:
583:
576:
556:
549:
527:
520:
513:
509:
507:
494:Chalcedonian
466:
453:Roman Empire
448:
442:
439:John Malalas
436:
400:Roman consul
393:
366:
360:
350:
340:
338:
329:
296:
250:prostitution
241:
239:
224:
211:Anastasius I
208:
198:
178:
176:
157:
144:
136:
135:
90:(modern-day
29:
15:
1832:520s deaths
1803:underlining
1375:Constantina
1057:Julia Domna
898:518–c. 524
523:Justinian I
490:consecrated
476:during the
317:matrilineal
281:priestesses
266:disparaging
76:5th century
1821:Categories
1506:Euphrosyne
1278:Thermantia
1238:Constantia
952:Principate
843:M. Meier,
541:References
457:Theocritus
408:Areobindus
352:silentarii
347:Excubitors
299:, hence a
203:antithesis
173:Early life
1558:Theophano
1496:Theodosia
1471:of Athens
1426:Anastasia
1335:Pulcheria
1180:Minervina
982:Messalina
945:empresses
845:Justinian
632:256725965
482:Chalcedon
432:Justin II
428:Marcellus
301:euphemism
231:Illyricum
195:concubine
191:barbarian
183:Procopius
1788:Augustae
1764:See also
1581:Theodora
1563:Theodora
1553:Theodora
1512:Theodora
1491:Prokopia
1481:Theodote
1416:Gregoria
1399:610–1453
1394:Eastern/
1360:Theodora
1355:Euphemia
1299:Placidia
1208:Faustina
1165:Eutropia
1150:Dominate
904:Theodora
847:, p. 57.
798:, vol. 2
781:, vol. 3
614:Starinar
530:Theodora
484:and the
470:Euphemia
420:Pompeius
416:Hypatius
297:Euphemia
244:(1950),
227:Dardania
163:policies
153:Justin I
145:Lupicina
137:Euphemia
117:Justin I
92:Istanbul
24:Euphemia
1799:Italics
1456:Eudokia
1446:Tzitzak
1431:Eudokia
1411:Martina
1380:Leontia
1350:Zenonis
1345:Ariadne
1318:395–610
1266:395–480
1233:Domnica
1228:Justina
1218:Charito
1203:Eusebia
1153:284–610
1097:235–285
1037:Lucilla
887:Ariadne
749:2 March
707:2 March
289:Artemis
277:brothel
273:Lupanar
262:epithet
235:Naissus
124:Dynasty
84:523/524
31:Augusta
18:Augusta
1568:Helena
1501:Thekla
1421:Fausta
1365:Sophia
1340:Verina
1213:Helena
1186:Fausta
1160:Prisca
1094:Crisis
860:, 2006
630:
591:
564:
472:was a
441:, the
396:Paulus
189:and a
113:Spouse
103:Burial
96:Turkey
61:Tenure
1469:Irene
1451:Maria
1441:Maria
1273:Maria
1253:Galla
1243:Laeta
962:Livia
628:S2CID
357:Celer
254:Latin
187:slave
141:Greek
1807:bold
1776:list
1740:(w.
1718:(w.
1681:(w.
1609:(w.
1462:Anna
1059:(w.
751:2008
709:2008
589:ISBN
562:ISBN
534:vice
418:and
406:and
313:cult
305:Lupa
269:slur
258:wolf
81:Died
73:Born
1574:Zoë
1182:(?)
1106:(?)
618:doi
291:in
264:or
240:In
181:of
1823::
825:^
786:^
771:^
717:^
666:^
640:^
626:.
612:.
422:.
379:,
319:,
217:.
155:.
94:,
1746:)
1724:)
1687:)
1615:)
1065:)
935:e
928:t
921:v
753:.
711:.
634:.
620::
597:.
570:.
139:(
98:)
48:.
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