2144:
2168:
2156:
2132:
2192:
1243:. The plan called for a smaller air force with a streamlined organizational structure and fewer bases. As a medium term solution, the ETAF's air and ground assets were to be upgraded with modern systems, and completion of the maintenance and overhaul centers started under the Derg. However, lack of finance delayed the implementation of most projects. The political leadership felt there was no threat to speak of facing the country to justify large expenditures, particularly pertaining to the extensive (and expensive) upgrade project for the MIG-21/23 fighter fleet.
4084:
1374:
2204:
51:
2180:
334:
322:
1413:
491:
1445:
1381:
1397:
4072:
1429:
85:
1175:
1146:
was prohibitive for the air force already financially stretched supporting the ground forces in the raging civil war. The
Soviets relented and agreed to set up a depot-level maintenance, repair, and overhaul center after the Derg regime took up the matter with the Soviet leadership. However, lack of finance hindered the progress and only minimal work was done by 1991. The project was restarted in 1995 and formally inaugurated in 2004.
1073:
4096:
957:, dominated by junior officers and NCOs. Shortly after, it executed 60 top civilian and distinguished military officials and imprisoned many others. In addition, the Derg forced out many career military officers it was suspicious of and killed others. The army was in shambles and the country was engulfed in political turmoil. It was during this moment the Somalis believed it was their best chance to launch the
1228:
reorganizing the air force soon after taking power. Shortly after taking complete control of the country, it selected about 50 officers and NCOs from the rehabilitation camps to reactivate a transport wing. In addition, more pilots and ground crew were returned to bring back the assets that were flown to neighboring countries by fleeing pilots in the final days of the Derg.
1157:, in which the ETAF's top leaders participated, its high command was decimated with arrests and executions. As a result, the ETAF was suffering from low morale and serious internal rifts. Pilots were defecting in increasing numbers to neighboring countries. The situation on the ground was also becoming hopeless. Eventually, the forces of the
999:(died 5 October 2016), credited with six (or 7) Somali MiG kills, making him the most successful F-5 pilot ever. His F-5E was shot down while overflying an area thought to be in control by Ethiopian forces. He was captured by the local Somali population and was turned over to then Somali army commander of the region, Colonel
1145:
This period witnessed the decline of the ETAF's maintenance and engineering centers. Unlike the
Americans, the Soviets were unwilling to transfer technical know-how. They insisted that every major repair work be undertaken by them in the Soviet Union. In addition to the logistical nightmare, the cost
834:
studying
Ethiopian Armed Forces comprehensively. The IEAF was to be reorganized and adopt US-style operating procedures. Emphasis was given to building up training institutions. Numerous Ethiopian personnel was sent to the US for training, including 25 Ethiopian pilots for jet training, and many more
1137:
The Soviet influence had a major impact on the ETAF. The
Soviets offered to train all pilots at a joint training center for all their satellite states leaving the ETAF responsible only for operational training. They also offered to train engineers at their schools. Expecting to realize enormous cost
1285:
fighters during the war. One of the experienced pilots, Colonel
Bezabih Petros, was one of the lead fighters and was captured by Eritrean forces for the second time, where his whereabouts are unknown. Lessons learned from the war were incorporated throughout which increased the effectiveness of the
1235:
In August 1992, the flying school was reopened and training of cadets was resumed. As a result, many of the instructor pilots under the Derg regime were allowed to return. In addition, senior EPRDF commanders assigned to the high command were sent abroad for staff training. The first batch of pilot
1231:
The EPRDF government was cognizant of the critical role of airpower, having experienced it first hand during its long war with Derg. It set up a new high command which included senior EPRDF military commanders and former members of the ETAF who have previously joined the EPRDF. Its primary task was
1227:
The change of events that followed had a tremendous impact on the ETAF. In 1991, the Soviet-backed Derg regime was deposed by EPRDF rebel forces. The EPRDF ordered all members of the military, including those of the ETAF, to report to detention camps set up throughout the country. The EPRDF started
994:
The ETAF lost three F-5Es to ground fire and one C-47 transport plane to a MIG-17 while one
Canberra was flown by a defecting pilot to Somalia. Another Canberra was lost due to a mechanical problem deep inside Ethiopia after it suffered hits from a ground attack. Two F-5E pilots as well as the C-47
870:
jet fighters in 1965 to counter this new threat. However, it was careful not to escalate the situation further. The US delivered the F-5As without providing major weapon systems for the aircraft, the ability to use air-to-air missiles. Nevertheless, the delivery of F-5As had serious implications in
1020:
cut off all military aid to
Ethiopia. Desperate, the Derg regime turned to the Soviets for help. The Soviet Union, which was providing assistance to Somalia, switched sides and agreed to provide substantial economic and military aid that proved to be decisive. As a result, the Air Force received a
1290:
jets with precision strike capability were acquired along with sophisticated electronic warfare systems. Its members undertook dangerous missions deep inside
Eritrean territory from interdicting supply lines, reconnaissance, and destruction of air defense systems. This in turn greatly raised the
922:
After its independence in 1960, Somalia started making claims to all of its precolonial territories that were occupied by France, British and disputed lands with
Ethiopia. However, the majority of the land claimed was in Ethiopia which made it Somalia's main target. After failing to get support
1141:
Dissatisfied with the Soviet-provided training, the ETAF re-activated both its flight training school and Air
Academy in 1984. SF260TP propeller aircraft for primary screening and L-39 jets for jet-transition training was acquired from Italy and Czechoslovakia respectively. The Air Academy was
1294:
After the war, the ETAF was reorganized to better prepare it for future conflicts based on lessons learned during the 1998–2000 war. Changes were made to better reflect in its doctrine the effects of the newer equipments acquired ability to deploy precision guided munitions. The long running
1133:
While its performance during the war with Somalia saved the ETAF from the purges inflicted on the army and nearly every other institution in the country, the Derg was determined to keep a close eye on it. To increase its control, the Derg created a three-man committee constituting the force
521:, proclaiming that it was "very fitting that he, as regent of Abyssinia should be the first Abyssinian to take flight in an aeroplane." As a result of this experience, he advocated the development of the Imperial Ethiopian Air Force. This small air arm began with the delivery of a
1319:(TPLF) and the ENDF. The ETAF would almost immediately start carrying out airstrikes on TPLF targets bombing arms depots, military bases, and other targets. Airstrikes have continued throughout the course of the war and caused civilian casualties. On 16 November 2020, a series of
847:
were acquired for advanced training. This influx of equipment and training made the IEAF, in the opinion of historian Bahru Zewde, "the most prestigious show-piece of American aid in Ethiopia. It was also reputedly the most modern and efficient unit of the armed forces."
1153:. The ETAF played a critical role in the Derg's war effort in the north. It was the main stumbling block the rebels faced from achieving total victory. However, in the late 1980s, many in the air force began questioning the prosecution of the war. Following a
1011:
While the ETAF's role was critical in stopping the advance of the Somali forces, the ground forces were not ready for offensive operations to expel the Somalis from the area they controlled. The army was short in equipment of all sorts, and after the
1236:
trainees graduated in June 1995 which continued yearly afterward. However, the early period was fraught with much friction and mistrust between the retained personnel from the former Derg regime and the EPRDF military commanders assigned to ETAF.
947:
The brief conflict provided the IEAF with valuable experience. Lessons learned included the need for heavy bombers, an air defense complex, a secure and reliable communication system, and better coordination with ground forces. As a result,
899:
In 1977, Nos 1 and 2 Squadrons of the Ethiopian Air Force converted from the F-86 to the MiG-21, and No. 33 Operational Conversion Unit from the T-33A to the MiG-21UM and MiG-21MF; a year later, No. 3 Squadron converted from the F-86 to the
939:
at the time had killed most of the nation's most-able generals and its army was hampered down with civil wars across Ethiopia and the province of Eritrea, and therefore was no match to the air forces of Somalia well-equipped by the
952:
bombers and air defense radars were acquired from Great Britain and the US respectively. In 1974, popular unrest against Emperor Haile Selassie led to a military coup. The military then formed a committee from within, known as the
1138:
savings, the ETAF accepted the offer. As a result, both the flying school and Air Academy were closed in 1980 and all recruits were sent to the Soviet Union after passing aptitude test examination and medical screening.
1134:
commander, political commissar, and representative from the security service to oversee the air force. In addition, adhering to Soviet advice, the ETAF's organization was replaced by a Soviet-style regimental structure.
1258:
and had decided to leave the border security in the hands of the local militia and police forces. The case with the ETAF was no different which never had replaced its northern command base it lost when Eritrea seceded.
875:
because no neighboring country had anything similar to this new jet fighter. The Somalis were furious and described the F-5A transfer as a grave threat to the security of the Somali people and the rest of the
1021:
large number of aircraft for fighter, helicopter, transport roles. The Cubans provided 17,000 troops to support the Ethiopian forces. Included were Cuban pilots who flew the newly Soviet-supplied MiG-21s.
1291:
morale of the Ethiopian army which enabled them to break the highly fortified Eritrean front line in an amazingly short period of time. Hence, changing the tide of the war back in the Eritrean heartland.
540:
On 31 March 1930, three of the biplanes from Ethiopia's air arm played a dramatic role in a battle between Haile Selassie (not yet crowned Emperor) and conservative forces seeking to oust him. During the
830:
The Ethiopian Air Force benefited immensely from the program. The US Air Force sent a team of officers and NCOs led by a colonel to assess the force and provide recommendations as part of the
800:
transport aircraft from the United States to equip the flight training, bomber, and transport squadrons, respectively. In 1951, the IEAF formed its first fighter/attack squadron by acquiring
3148:
1051:
983:. Throughout the war, it also conducted strikes against several targets deep inside Somalia, including the repeated bombings of the Somali Air Force's northern main operating base at
1003:, and held prisoner for over 10 years. Colonel Abdullahi Yusuf later became President of Somalia. The other captured F-5E pilot, Afework Kidanu, died while in captivity in Somalia.
3223:
A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts, University of Florida, 2012.
4668:
3122:
2578:
717:
5334:
2634:
517:. Having never seen an airplane before, he was captivated by this demonstration of their power and abilities, and spontaneously asked if he could go up in one of the
2708:
2552:
638:
770:; and the school had some 75 students by 1946. As neither the United States nor the United Kingdom was interested in providing assistance, Ethiopia turned to
2795:
1254:
were located in the south and southeast. The EPRDF government considered the northern borders to be the most secure due to its then close relationship with
2523:"Briefing Memorandum From the Acting Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Mulcahy) to Secretary of State Kissinger, Washington, June 27, 1975"
1158:
2089:
military aircraft operating as flight 808 (ET-AIU), carrying 15 members of the defense force and 3 civilians, crashed twenty minutes away from landing at
2604:
972:
in Arizona for conversion and tactical fighter training in August 1976. However, further training of pilots and delivery of aircraft was stopped after
904:
BN "Flogger." In 1980, No. 5 Squadron converted from F-86s to the MiG-21bis. Years later, all four squadrons, and 33 OCU, were reported to be based at
534:
1262:
In the two years that followed from 1998 to 2000 and despite the many constraints, the ETAF was able to provide crucial support to the ground forces.
671:
4738:
4434:
4205:
3091:
996:
477:. The ETAF is tasked with protecting the national air space, providing support to ground forces, as well as assisting civil operations during war.
2764:
1490:
1250:
in June 1998 led to a significant change in the ETAF. The entire Ethiopian National Defense Force was ill-prepared for the conflict. Most of the
3063:
1142:
reopened using civilian instructors with degree programs in aeronautical engineering, aeronautical administration, and electrical engineering.
3144:
4748:
3441:
3569:
3173:
3035:
2960:
2884:
586:
2663:
2428:
4908:
3468:
2526:
2320:
2143:
928:
4598:
4943:
3791:
3275:
1029:
4350:
892:
fighters to Somalia. The F-5E aircraft destined for Ethiopia was never delivered and was stored at Williams AFB, Arizona during the
4190:
4014:
885:
3114:
2988:
2341:
1154:
3951:
3655:
2574:
2191:
4128:
3451:
1373:
827:
sent a team to undertake a comprehensive study of Ethiopian capabilities, requirements, and probable threats facing Ethiopia.
5283:
4983:
4723:
4210:
3672:
2461:
979:
Using the eight F-5Es as interceptors, F-5As for close air support, and Canberra for heavy bombing, the ETAF overwhelmed the
824:
1040:
in two batches to replace the aging Safirs, and two L-100 Hercules transport aircraft, the civilian version of the military
4550:
3411:
3384:
2626:
2479:
2079:
2003:
1728:
1192:
1094:
819:
297:
284:
2705:
2167:
2155:
2131:
1277:; the first on 25 February 1999, and the second on 26 February 1999. In return, Eritrean MiG-29s shot down a total of two
5148:
2854:
2824:
2548:
1316:
738:
After the liberation of Ethiopia, the country started reorganizing the embryonic air force that had existed prior to the
4883:
4708:
4040:
3288:
1460:
831:
2738:
995:
crew were captured by the Somalis while one F-5E pilot was rescued by helicopter. One of the F-5E pilots captured was
548:
A few transport aircraft were also acquired during 1934–35 for ambulance work. The air force was commanded by Colonel
5133:
5053:
3485:
3235:
3206:
2203:
1214:
1120:
269:
254:
2273:
1102:
3705:
3456:
2220:
1240:
474:
178:
163:
128:
3421:
2787:
5138:
4673:
3662:
3536:
964:
Already alarmed at the increasing noise the Somalis were making, the Derg government had managed to convince the
5263:
4460:
3811:
3667:
3643:
3463:
2179:
1919:
1196:
1098:
242:
2600:
5293:
4653:
4225:
3921:
3902:
3776:
3682:
3621:
3531:
3516:
3268:
2039:
924:
862:
777:
5329:
4988:
4913:
4593:
4507:
4503:
3840:
3725:
3720:
3334:
2023:
1933:
158:
1807:
1716:
1327:
would inflict 14 civilian deaths. On 22 June 2021, an Ethiopian fighter plane bombed a market in the town
5208:
5173:
5163:
5058:
5038:
5033:
4628:
3946:
3931:
3897:
2019:
1650:
836:
3087:
3010:
2055:
5218:
4813:
4613:
4516:
4121:
4062:
3857:
3650:
3586:
3541:
3521:
3446:
3394:
3248:
2760:
2059:
739:
315:
232:
153:
5063:
4973:
4923:
4918:
4728:
4693:
4265:
3872:
3801:
3763:
3626:
3576:
3526:
3389:
2031:
1547:
949:
840:
613:
1 × Fokker F.VIIb/3m (used as Hailé Sélassié's personal transport, and for missions by the Red Cross)
148:
5013:
4703:
4633:
4543:
4499:
4375:
4365:
4170:
3909:
3862:
3852:
3821:
3556:
3480:
3339:
3261:
1083:
1055:
552:(African-American, took command May 1935), recruited by Haile Selassie, and who remained until the
968:
administration to provide Ethiopia with F-5Es in 1975. The first batch of six pilots were sent to
785:
was appointed as the chief instructor of the newly re-formed Imperial Ethiopian Air Force (IEAF).
5273:
5158:
5068:
4848:
4380:
4270:
4200:
3914:
3796:
3786:
3758:
3710:
3687:
3401:
3376:
2105:
2027:
1999:
1902:
1701:
1343:
1335:
1251:
1185:
1087:
969:
901:
889:
743:
703:
573:
549:
456:
423:
3169:
2876:
494:
Potez 25 biplane typical of aircraft available during the beginnings of the Ethiopian Air Force.
4868:
4763:
4683:
4623:
4439:
4360:
4325:
4310:
4295:
4250:
4185:
3892:
3633:
3361:
2655:
2421:
2035:
1504:
1247:
561:
183:
4490:
2522:
2316:
5308:
5228:
5168:
5123:
5103:
5008:
4648:
4315:
4114:
3926:
3867:
3826:
3677:
3638:
3581:
3495:
2113:
1880:
782:
726:
217:
5288:
5223:
5128:
5098:
5088:
5078:
5043:
5018:
4963:
4878:
4843:
4788:
4778:
4643:
4638:
4415:
4390:
4240:
4235:
4215:
4180:
4165:
4004:
3989:
3941:
3806:
3697:
3609:
3546:
3416:
3304:
259:
823:). It aimed to provide Ethiopia with a capable military force for defensive purposes. The
716:
in Addis Ababa and personal pilot of Hailé Sélassié), supervised the construction of the
8:
5278:
5258:
5178:
5003:
4863:
4773:
4733:
4688:
4678:
4603:
4573:
4536:
4486:
4477:
4468:
4400:
4370:
4355:
4340:
4330:
4320:
4285:
4280:
4230:
4175:
4150:
4033:
3966:
3877:
3816:
3746:
3564:
3508:
3431:
3406:
3329:
3296:
1338:
was shot down by the TPLF leading to the capture of the pilot. On 20 April 2021, an ETAF
1150:
851:
In 1964, the Somalis began receiving large quantities of weaponry, ground equipment, and
755:
579:
553:
168:
1358:
1 transport squadron: An-12, An-32, B-757, C-130B/E, L-100-30, Mi-8, Mi-24, Alouette III
788:
The Swedish contingent played a critical role in setting up a solid foundation. It sent
5238:
5188:
5183:
5108:
5083:
5073:
5048:
5028:
4998:
4968:
4953:
4858:
4838:
4823:
4818:
4798:
4793:
4783:
4768:
4753:
4743:
4698:
4663:
4618:
4608:
4588:
4583:
4559:
4410:
4405:
4345:
4300:
4260:
4155:
4137:
3887:
3781:
3319:
3227:
2984:
2345:
2090:
1953:
1836:
1829:
1795:
1474:
1271:
1045:
1025:
927:, Somalia declared war on Ethiopia in 1964. The Somali forces launched their attack at
399:
390:
289:
227:
212:
5303:
5248:
5243:
5193:
5118:
5113:
5023:
4993:
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4903:
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4808:
4718:
4713:
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4385:
4335:
4290:
4275:
4255:
4245:
4220:
4160:
4049:
4009:
3999:
3994:
3979:
3956:
3591:
3346:
3231:
3202:
2457:
2270:"Ethiopia Ups Use of Drone Strikes in Conflict Prompting Worries About Civilian Toll"
2043:
1485:
302:
5298:
5253:
5203:
5153:
5143:
5093:
4978:
4958:
4938:
4933:
4873:
4828:
4578:
4395:
4305:
4195:
3882:
3366:
3356:
3324:
3314:
3145:"Ethiopia: 18 dead in military aircraft crash, expert says weather could be blamed"
1711:
1328:
1320:
1033:
980:
747:
542:
447:
395:
366:
220:
2082:
on landing at Mogadishu airport in Somalia, killing four of the six crew members.
835:
were trained locally by US Defense personnel. In 1957, the first three of several
5268:
5233:
5213:
5198:
4928:
4893:
4888:
4853:
4833:
4758:
4658:
4100:
4076:
3371:
2934:
2734:
2712:
2483:
2245:
1000:
545:, biplanes were effectively used to give Haile Selassie's forces the upper hand.
510:
470:
346:
2476:
3983:
3768:
3730:
2225:
1975:
1841:
1564:
1274:
1041:
877:
872:
801:
767:
507:
503:
467:
410:
277:
193:
110:
2846:
2816:
1770:
5323:
4088:
3974:
3351:
3226:
Tom Cooper, African MiGs: MiGs and Sukhois in Service in Sub-Saharan Africa,
2877:"ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed L-100-30 Hercules registration unknown Gijet"
2063:
1909:
1706:
1679:
1657:
1334:
Several ETAF aircraft have also been shot down. On 29 November 2020, an ETAF
1312:
813:
797:
789:
763:
686:
617:
419:
415:
247:
198:
50:
1342:
was shot down near Guya killing three crew members. On 23 June 2021 an ETAF
976:
cut off all arms supplies in protest of the Derg's human rights violations.
2938:
1858:
1637:
1624:
1601:
1583:
1578:
1559:
1499:
1287:
1266:
air superiority fighters were acquired along with advanced versions of the
1017:
973:
941:
856:
751:
607:
593:
530:
403:
333:
262:
321:
2269:
1750:
1161:(EPRDF) overran the Derg's army and took control of the country in 1991.
965:
844:
759:
658:
648:
624:
610:(Named "Abba Dagnew" and "Abba Kagnew". The latter was used as ambulance)
567:
526:
499:
2735:"Ethiopia's Tigray crisis: How a soldier survived an 11-hour gun battle"
3936:
3473:
3436:
2549:""Carter in Ethiopia: Revisiting one of the Nobelist's missed chances""
2117:
1508:
1308:
1199: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
958:
917:
905:
893:
235:
188:
173:
2120:
that started in November 2020 between Ethiopia and the Tigray Region.
1355:
7 fighter ground attack squadrons: MiG-21, MiG-23, Su-25, Su-27, su-30
4562:
4528:
4106:
2098:
2051:
1782:
1494:
1339:
600:
359:
355:
100:
3253:
2715:(pdf) The Nordic Africa Institute website (accessed 13 January 2008)
1174:
1072:
3284:
2422:"Policy for Air-to-Air Missile Sales to Africa (Action Memorandum)"
2094:
2047:
2007:
1757:
1478:
984:
762:. The nation acquired a few aircraft through military aid from the
631:
522:
490:
427:
90:
3064:"How armed drones may have helped turn the tide in Ethiopia's war"
723:
which was a highly modified version of the de Havilland DH.60 Moth
533:
followed on 5 September. The Ethiopian Air Force was organized by
2067:
1863:
1684:
1662:
1481:. There are four smaller bases used by the air force, these are:
1255:
988:
796:
light bombers from Sweden, and the Ethiopian government acquired
793:
713:
518:
274:
3309:
498:
The origins of the Ethiopian Air Force has been traced to (then
3221:
Ethiopian Airpower From Inception To Victory in The Ogaden War,
2761:"Ethiopia PM: Airstrikes target TPLF military depots in Tigray"
2112:. Unconfirmed reports indicated the aircraft was downed by the
1914:
1812:
1787:
1762:
1733:
1629:
1606:
1554:
1282:
1278:
932:
852:
771:
375:
371:
3115:"Ethiopia: 18 dead in military helicopter crash (state media)"
1024:
In the 1980s, non-Soviet aircraft were also acquired. Several
807:
666:
Notable pilots of the Imperial Ethiopian Air Force (1929–1936)
2627:"Air Force hero General Tefera Legese dies in Washington, DC"
2109:
2086:
1958:
1885:
1324:
1296:
1270:
helicopter gunships. The Su-27s were used to shoot down four
1267:
1263:
1037:
383:
379:
351:
3426:
2724:
Ethiopian Air Force alumni Association (millennium edition)
1980:
1013:
954:
936:
881:
867:
514:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2451:
866:). In response, the US started delivering the supersonic
537:, the first Ethiopian pilot, who was of Russian descent.
2920:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2018:
Previous notable aircraft operated by Ethiopia were the
1239:
In 1995, the EPRDF government unveiled a plan for a new
2788:"Scores killed in Ethiopian airstrike on Tigray market"
1412:
2411:, second edition (London: James Currey, 2001), pp. 186
812:
In 1953, a military agreement was entered between the
4060:
2899:
461:
37:
2601:"Ethiopia : Hero Air Force General Passes Away"
2237:
754:
African-American veterans set up a flying school at
2575:"Which is Better, the F-5E Tiger II or the MiG-21?"
2244:
5335:Military units and formations established in 1929
3249:A history of the Ethiopian Air Force (dehai-news)
3199:Sukhoi Su-25 Frogfoot: Close Air Support Aircraft
2389:(Addis Ababa: Nigid Printing Press, 2002), p. 100
1159:Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
880:. In 1976, the US agreed to supply more advanced
5321:
888:sidewinder missiles after the Soviets delivered
816:and Ethiopia for a military assistance program (
3036:"Ethiopia acquires Akinci UAVs, Su-30 fighters"
2961:"Ethiopia acquires Akinci UAVs, Su-30 fighters"
1491:Aba Tenna Dejazmach Yilma International Airport
781:). The Swedes agreed to provide assistance and
729:(with the Red Cross, he flew the Heinkel HD.21)
4544:
4122:
3269:
3057:
3055:
2454:African MiGs: Volume I: Angola to Ivory Coast
2359:
2357:
2355:
1149:The Derg years saw the ETAF embroiled in the
30:
1998:In addition to the Air Force inventory, the
1331:killing 64 civilians and wounding 180 more.
1299:, was also sped up and inaugurated in 2004.
1006:
3228:Welcome to the Air Combat Information Group
2297:(Lawrenceville: Red Sea Press, 1996), p. 50
1444:
1232:to restore the ETAF to operational status.
1101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
808:US assistance and transition to the jet age
4551:
4537:
4129:
4115:
3276:
3262:
3052:
2352:
1380:
1032:for jet transition training. In addition,
485:
49:
2456:. Harpia Publishing LLC. pp. 162–3.
1396:
1295:maintenance and overhaul center project,
1215:Learn how and when to remove this message
1121:Learn how and when to remove this message
706:(African-American, took command May 1935)
2477:"Africa: Why Ethiopia is on war footing"
2197:Roundel of Ethiopia (1996-2009?), type 2
1315:of Ethiopia between forces loyal to the
596:converted to F192 by engine change, c/n?
556:when the small air arm ceased to exist.
489:
2977:
2376:Hellstrom, "Imperial Fireflies", pp. 4f
2267:
2149:Roundel of Ethiopia (1946–1974), type 2
1016:acquired power United States President
911:
839:jet trainers were supplied followed by
5322:
4558:
4136:
3112:
3061:
3033:
2958:
2683:"Interview with Legesse Teferra". 1988
2572:
2363:Leif Hellstrom, "Imperial Fireflies",
2295:Haile Sellassie I: The Formative Years
2080:Ethiopian military cargo plane crashed
4532:
4110:
3283:
3257:
2932:
2785:
2741:from the original on 10 December 2020
2398:Hellstrom, "Imperial Fireflies", p. 9
2991:from the original on 22 October 2018
2656:"Jan J. Safarik: Air Aces Home Page"
2452:Cooper, Tom; Weinert, Peter (2010).
1519:
1428:
1286:ETAF in the second year of the war.
1197:adding citations to reliable sources
1168:
1099:adding citations to reliable sources
1066:
733:
3125:from the original on 30 August 2018
2857:from the original on 12 August 2021
2013:
13:
3213:
2847:"Accident Mil Mi-35 , 20 Apr 2021"
2607:from the original on July 24, 2020
2581:from the original on July 24, 2020
2529:from the original on June 12, 2019
2367:, No. 122 (March/April 2006), p. 2
2209:Roundel of Ethiopia (2019–present)
2073:
832:Military Assistance Advisory Group
804:fighters from the United Kingdom.
14:
5346:
3242:
3176:from the original on 29 June 2021
3113:Aregay, Daniel (30 August 2018).
2887:from the original on 29 June 2021
2767:from the original on 12 July 2021
2306:(Insignia Magazine Issue 7, 1998)
1361:1 training squadron: L-39, SF.260
1062:
1052:Czechoslovakia-Ethiopia relations
1044:transport, were acquired through
774:to help create a modern air arm (
55:Emblem of the Ethiopian Air Force
16:Aerial military force of Ethiopia
4435:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
4206:Democratic Republic of the Congo
4094:
4082:
4070:
3094:from the original on 6 July 2015
2827:from the original on 9 July 2021
2221:Ethiopian National Defense Force
2202:
2190:
2185:Roundel of Ethiopia (1996-2009?)
2178:
2166:
2154:
2142:
2130:
1443:
1427:
1411:
1395:
1379:
1372:
1317:Tigray People's Liberation Front
1241:Ethiopian National Defense Force
1173:
1071:
820:Ethiopia–United States relations
475:Ethiopian National Defence Force
332:
320:
179:1982 Ethiopian-Somali Border War
164:1964 Ethiopian-Somali Border War
129:Ethiopian National Defense Force
83:
3191:
3162:
3151:from the original on 2018-12-09
3137:
3106:
3080:
3027:
3003:
2952:
2869:
2839:
2817:"Incident MiG-23 , 29 Nov 2020"
2809:
2798:from the original on 2021-06-25
2779:
2753:
2727:
2718:
2699:
2686:
2677:
2666:from the original on 2020-07-06
2648:
2637:from the original on 2021-10-07
2619:
2593:
2566:
2555:from the original on 2009-03-29
2541:
2515:
2502:
2489:
2470:
2445:
2434:from the original on 2017-02-11
2414:
2401:
2392:
2323:from the original on 2021-06-24
2276:from the original on 2022-04-29
2173:Roundel of Ethiopia (1985–1996)
2161:Roundel of Ethiopia (1974–1985)
2137:Roundel of Ethiopia (1946–1974)
1420:Dire Dawa International Airport
1349:
1184:needs additional citations for
3197:Gordon, Yefim and Alan Dawes.
3088:"World Air Forces 1987 pg. 52"
2573:Cooper, Tom (August 8, 2016).
2379:
2370:
2334:
2309:
2300:
2287:
2261:
2101:. No survivors were reported.
554:Italian occupation of Ethiopia
1:
2365:The Historic Aviation Journal
2268:Solomon, Salem (2022-02-02).
2231:
1302:
1164:
987:and long range attack on the
925:Organization of African Unity
691:Mishka Babitcheff (Ethiopian)
298:Deputy Chief of the Air Force
270:Deputy Chief of General Staff
3170:"Lockheed L-100-30 Hercules"
2409:A History of Modern Ethiopia
2249:. Flightglobal Insight. 2023
1466:Ethiopian Air Force airbases
1365:
1036:trainers were acquired from
159:Eritrean War of Independence
7:
3442:Federal Democratic Republic
2786:Burke, Jason (2021-06-24).
2763:. Al-Jazeera. 2 July 2021.
2706:"Local History in Ethiopia"
2214:
2123:
1514:
1246:The unexpected outbreak of
843:fighters in 1960. In 1961,
837:Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star
727:Count Carl Gustaf von Rosen
462:
38:
10:
5351:
3230:, SHI Publications, 2004,
3034:Martin, Guy (2024-01-17).
2959:Martin, Guy (2024-01-17).
2711:February 27, 2008, at the
1596:Used as training aircraft
1346:was shot down near Gijet.
915:
718:Weber Meindl van Nes A.VII
480:
154:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
4569:
4448:
4423:
4144:
4027:
3965:
3848:
3839:
3754:
3745:
3696:
3617:
3608:
3555:
3507:
3503:
3494:
3295:
3201:. London: Airlife, 2004.
1901:
1828:
1749:
1649:
1546:
1307:In early November 2020 a
1007:Shift to the Eastern bloc
863:Ethiopia–Russia relations
841:North American F-86 Sabre
778:Ethiopia–Sweden relations
506:witnessing a show of the
451:
409:
389:
365:
345:
340:
328:
314:
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283:
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226:
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142:
134:
124:
116:
106:
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78:
60:
48:
31:
26:
21:
4709:Central African Republic
4191:Central African Republic
3464:War in Somalia (2006–09)
3011:"Ethiopia displays UAVs"
2319:. Nevington War Museum.
2116:during an ongoing armed
1056:Ethiopia-Italy relations
1028:jets were acquired from
931:, a border town east of
680:Baron von Engel (German)
2935:"World Air Forces 2024"
2881:Aviation Safety Network
2851:Aviation Safety Network
2821:Aviation Safety Network
2317:"Abyssinia 1935 - 1936"
2246:"World Air Forces 2023"
2106:Lockheed L-100 Hercules
1903:Unmanned aerial vehicle
1473:The primary base is at
1344:Lockheed L-100 Hercules
1252:Ethiopian Ground Forces
970:Williams Air Force Base
902:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23
890:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21
750:). In 1944, a group of
742:, commanded by Colonel
712:Ludwig Weber (Agent of
603:, lost in accident 1930
574:de Havilland DH.60 Moth
486:Early years (1929–1935)
424:Lockheed C-130 Hercules
39:Ye-Ītyōṗṗyā āyer ḫayili
4669:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3792:Industrial development
3706:National Defense Force
3447:Eritrean–Ethiopian War
3238:, Softbound, 158 Pages
2097:after taking off from
1505:Alula Aba Nega Airport
694:Bahru Kaba (Ethiopian)
562:Beechcraft Staggerwing
495:
463:Ye-Ītyōṗṗyā āyer ḫayil
285:Chief of the Air Force
255:Chief of General Staff
184:Ethiopian-Eritrean War
149:Gugsa Wale's Rebellion
66:; 95 years ago
4351:São Tomé and Príncipe
4211:Republic of the Congo
3486:Territorial evolution
3381:Italo-Ethiopian wars
2933:Hoyle, Craig (2023).
2114:Tigray Defense Forces
2085:On 30 August 2018, a
1881:SIAI-Marchetti SF.260
825:Department of Defense
783:Carl Gustaf von Rosen
697:Asfaw Ali (Ethiopian)
529:on 18 August 1929. A
513:in November 1922, in
493:
260:Field Marshal General
5264:United Arab Emirates
4015:World Heritage Sites
3952:Water and sanitation
3377:Menelik's Expansions
3090:. flightglobal.com.
2737:. BBC. 2 July 2021.
2694:Aviation in Ethiopia
2631:www.geeskaafrika.com
2497:Aviation in Ethiopia
2387:Aviation in Ethiopia
2104:On June 23, 2021, a
1619:6 used for training
1461:class=notpageimage|
1193:improve this article
1095:improve this section
912:Ethiopian-Somali War
639:Meindl van Nes A.VII
5330:Ethiopian Air Force
4599:Antigua and Barbuda
4425:States with limited
4138:Military of Africa
3219:Scott A. Schaefer,
2660:aces.safarikovi.org
2603:. October 5, 2016.
2348:on August 20, 2008.
2060:North American T-28
2056:Aérospatiale SA 330
1155:failed coup in 1989
700:Tesfaye (Ethiopian)
627:(acquired in 1929).
580:de Havilland Dragon
525:-A2 to the capital
440:Ethiopian Air Force
243:Minister of Defense
169:Ethiopian Civil War
64:19 August 1929
22:Ethiopian Air Force
4774:Dominican Republic
3812:Telecommunications
3726:Army of the Empire
3407:Italian occupation
3362:Ethiopian–Adal War
3320:Kingdom of Wolaita
3062:Gatopoulos, Alex.
2499:, pp. 136–137
2482:2007-12-24 at the
2091:Harar Meda Airport
1712:tactical airlifter
1588:Close air support
1475:Harar Meda Airport
1388:Harar Meda Airport
1309:conflict broke out
1272:Eritrean Air Force
1046:Ethiopian Airlines
959:a massive invasion
855:fighters from the
496:
400:Aero L-39 Albatros
290:Lieutenant General
228:Commander-in-chief
5317:
5316:
4526:
4525:
4452:other territories
4226:Equatorial Guinea
4058:
4057:
4023:
4022:
3922:Human trafficking
3835:
3834:
3741:
3740:
3683:Foreign relations
3673:Political parties
3604:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3457:2018 peace summit
3347:Solomonic dynasty
2987:. Grob Aircraft.
2985:"Fleet Customers"
2463:978-0-9825539-5-4
2044:de Havilland Dove
2032:Electric Canberra
1996:
1995:
1520:Current inventory
1486:Bahir Dar Airport
1453:
1437:
1421:
1405:
1404:Bahir Dar Airport
1389:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1131:
1130:
1123:
734:Post-World War II
460:
433:
432:
303:Brigadier General
213:Supreme Commander
5342:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4530:
4529:
4513:
4512:(United Kingdom)
4508:Tristan da Cunha
4504:Ascension Island
4496:
4483:
4474:
4450:Dependencies and
4145:Sovereign states
4131:
4124:
4117:
4108:
4107:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4075:
4074:
4073:
4066:
4043:
4036:
3846:
3845:
3772:
3752:
3751:
3721:Military history
3615:
3614:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3422:1974 coup d'état
3367:Gondarine period
3357:Kingdom of Kaffa
3325:Ethiopian Empire
3315:Kingdom of Aksum
3278:
3271:
3264:
3255:
3254:
3186:
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3183:
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2412:
2405:
2399:
2396:
2390:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2368:
2361:
2350:
2349:
2344:. Archived from
2342:"Abyssinia02_FR"
2338:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2298:
2291:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2281:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2248:
2241:
2206:
2194:
2182:
2170:
2158:
2146:
2134:
2014:Retired aircraft
1934:Bayraktar Akıncı
1830:Trainer Aircraft
1729:DHC-6 Twin Otter
1645:4 more on order
1524:
1523:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1376:
1248:war with Eritrea
1220:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1200:
1177:
1169:
1126:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1106:
1075:
1067:
981:Somali Air Force
974:President Carter
748:African-American
740:Italian invasion
683:Comte Schatzberg
543:Battle of Anchem
535:Mishka Babitchef
465:
455:
453:
396:Aermacchi SF-260
336:
324:
221:Sahle-Work Zewde
89:
87:
86:
74:
72:
67:
53:
41:
34:
33:
19:
18:
5350:
5349:
5345:
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5343:
5341:
5340:
5339:
5320:
5319:
5318:
5313:
5059:North Macedonia
4565:
4557:
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4522:
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4511:
4494:
4481:
4472:
4453:
4451:
4444:
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4135:
4105:
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4081:
4071:
4069:
4061:
4059:
4054:
4046:
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4032:
4019:
3961:
3947:Public holidays
3932:Law enforcement
3831:
3770:
3737:
3692:
3596:
3551:
3490:
3452:Border conflict
3372:Zemene Mesafint
3310:Kingdom of Dʿmt
3291:
3282:
3245:
3216:
3214:Further reading
3194:
3189:
3179:
3177:
3168:
3167:
3163:
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3142:
3138:
3128:
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2815:
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2801:
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2784:
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2768:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2744:
2742:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2723:
2719:
2713:Wayback Machine
2704:
2700:
2692:Mekonnen Beri,
2691:
2687:
2682:
2678:
2669:
2667:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2640:
2638:
2625:
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2571:
2567:
2558:
2556:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2532:
2530:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2512:, pp. 237f
2507:
2503:
2495:Mekonnen Beri,
2494:
2490:
2484:Wayback Machine
2475:
2471:
2464:
2450:
2446:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2424:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2393:
2385:Mekonnen Beri,
2384:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2362:
2353:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2326:
2324:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2293:Harold Marcus,
2292:
2288:
2279:
2277:
2266:
2262:
2252:
2250:
2243:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2217:
2210:
2207:
2198:
2195:
2186:
2183:
2174:
2171:
2162:
2159:
2150:
2147:
2138:
2135:
2126:
2110:Gijet, Ethiopia
2076:
2074:Major Incidents
2040:Fairchild C-119
2016:
1548:Combat Aircraft
1522:
1517:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1454:
1452:Mek'ele Airport
1448:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1432:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1416:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1400:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1384:
1368:
1352:
1323:on the city of
1305:
1221:
1210:
1204:
1201:
1190:
1178:
1167:
1127:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1092:
1076:
1065:
1009:
1001:Abdullahi Yusuf
920:
914:
810:
736:
709:Thierry Maignal
511:Royal Air Force
488:
483:
436:
305:Tesfaye Legesse
120:5,000 personnel
84:
82:
70:
68:
65:
56:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5348:
5338:
5337:
5332:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
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5281:
5276:
5271:
5269:United Kingdom
5266:
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3207:1-84037-353-9
3204:
3200:
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2508:Bahru Zewde,
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2407:Bahru Zewde,
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2111:
2108:crashed near
2107:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2083:
2081:
2071:
2069:
2065:
2064:Saab 91 Safir
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2020:Lockheed T-33
2011:
2010:helicopters.
2009:
2005:
2002:operates two
2001:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1954:Wing Loong II
1952:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1910:Bayraktar TB2
1908:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1897:
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1892:
1889:
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1707:United States
1705:
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1700:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1680:Antonov An-32
1678:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1658:Antonov An-12
1656:
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1353:
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1337:
1332:
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1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1313:Tigray Region
1310:
1300:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1284:
1280:
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1242:
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1216:
1208:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1182:This section
1180:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1125:
1122:
1114:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1080:This section
1078:
1074:
1069:
1068:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
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990:
986:
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962:
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945:
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926:
919:
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907:
903:
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891:
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883:
879:
874:
869:
865:
864:
858:
854:
849:
846:
842:
838:
833:
828:
826:
822:
821:
815:
814:United States
805:
803:
799:
798:C-47 Skytrain
795:
791:
786:
784:
780:
779:
773:
769:
765:
764:United States
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
744:John Robinson
741:
728:
725:
722:
719:
715:
711:
708:
705:
704:John Robinson
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
688:
687:Hubert Julian
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
672:André Maillet
670:
669:
668:
667:
660:
656:
653:
650:
646:
643:
640:
636:
633:
629:
626:
622:
619:
618:Heinkel HD.21
615:
612:
609:
608:Fokker F.VIIa
605:
602:
598:
595:
591:
588:
584:
581:
577:
575:
571:
569:
565:
563:
559:
558:
557:
555:
551:
550:John Robinson
546:
544:
538:
536:
532:
531:Junkers W 33c
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
509:
505:
501:
492:
478:
476:
472:
469:
464:
458:
449:
445:
441:
435:Military unit
429:
425:
421:
420:Antonov An-26
417:
416:Antonov An-12
414:
412:
408:
405:
401:
397:
394:
392:
388:
385:
381:
377:
373:
370:
368:
364:
361:
357:
353:
350:
348:
344:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
317:
313:
308:
304:
301:
299:
295:
292:Yilma Merdasa
291:
288:
286:
282:
279:
276:
273:
271:
267:
264:
261:
258:
256:
252:
249:
248:Abraham Belay
246:
244:
240:
237:
234:
231:
229:
225:
222:
219:
216:
214:
210:
205:
200:
199:War in Amhara
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
146:
145:
141:
138:112+ aircraft
137:
133:
130:
127:
123:
119:
115:
112:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
92:
81:
77:
63:
59:
52:
47:
40:
36:
29:
28:
25:
20:
5249:Turkmenistan
5159:South Africa
5124:Saudi Arabia
4803:
4500:Saint Helena
4471:
4376:South Africa
4366:Sierra Leone
4171:Burkina Faso
3910:Human rights
3863:Demographics
3853:Architecture
3822:Trade unions
3715:
3622:Constitution
3412:World War II
3340:regnal lists
3220:
3198:
3192:Bibliography
3178:. Retrieved
3164:
3153:. Retrieved
3139:
3127:. Retrieved
3118:
3108:
3096:. Retrieved
3082:
3071:. Retrieved
3067:
3043:. Retrieved
3039:
3029:
3018:. Retrieved
3014:
3005:
2993:. Retrieved
2979:
2968:. Retrieved
2964:
2954:
2942:. Retrieved
2939:FlightGlobal
2889:. Retrieved
2880:
2871:
2859:. Retrieved
2850:
2841:
2829:. Retrieved
2820:
2811:
2800:. Retrieved
2792:The Guardian
2791:
2781:
2769:. Retrieved
2755:
2743:. Retrieved
2729:
2720:
2701:
2693:
2688:
2679:
2668:. Retrieved
2659:
2650:
2639:. Retrieved
2630:
2621:
2609:. Retrieved
2595:
2583:. Retrieved
2568:
2557:. Retrieved
2543:
2531:. Retrieved
2517:
2509:
2504:
2496:
2491:
2472:
2453:
2447:
2436:. Retrieved
2416:
2408:
2403:
2394:
2386:
2381:
2372:
2364:
2346:the original
2336:
2325:. Retrieved
2311:
2302:
2294:
2289:
2278:. Retrieved
2263:
2251:. Retrieved
2239:
2103:
2084:
2078:In 2013, an
2077:
2036:Douglas C-54
2024:Northrop F-5
2017:
2006:, and eight
1997:
1859:Grob G 120TP
1846:jet trainer
1808:Alouette III
1625:Sukhoi Su-30
1602:Sukhoi Su-27
1584:Soviet Union
1579:Sukhoi Su-25
1560:Soviet Union
1500:Gode Airport
1472:
1465:
1436:Gode Airport
1350:Organisation
1333:
1306:
1293:
1261:
1245:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1211:
1202:
1191:Please help
1186:verification
1183:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1117:
1108:
1093:Please help
1081:
1049:
1023:
1018:Jimmy Carter
1010:
993:
978:
963:
946:
942:Soviet Union
921:
898:
860:
857:Soviet Union
850:
845:T-28 Trojans
829:
817:
811:
787:
775:
752:World War II
737:
720:
677:Gaston Vedel
665:
664:
641:
625:Junkers W33c
594:Farman F.190
547:
539:
497:
443:
439:
437:
404:Grob G 120TP
263:Birhanu Jula
125:Part of
5199:Switzerland
5169:South Sudan
5164:South Korea
5089:Philippines
5054:North Korea
5039:New Zealand
5034:Netherlands
4909:Ivory Coast
4789:El Salvador
4579:Afghanistan
4427:recognition
4381:South Sudan
4271:Ivory Coast
3797:Land reform
3787:Foreign aid
3759:Agriculture
3688:Foreign aid
3537:Earthquakes
3402:World War I
3305:Prehistoric
3119:Africa News
1751:Helicopters
1539:In service
923:within the
896:1977–1978.
884:along with
760:Addis Ababa
659:Breguet XIX
649:Breda Ba.25
620:(Red Cross)
582:(Red Cross)
568:Breda Ba.15
527:Addis Ababa
143:Engagements
5324:Categories
5284:Uzbekistan
5214:Tajikistan
5019:Mozambique
5009:Montenegro
4989:Mauritania
4969:Madagascar
4939:Kyrgyzstan
4924:Kazakhstan
4639:Bangladesh
4624:Azerbaijan
4563:air forces
4482:(Portugal)
4440:Somaliland
4361:Seychelles
4326:Mozambique
4311:Mauritania
4296:Madagascar
4251:The Gambia
4186:Cape Verde
3990:Literature
3893:Healthcare
3771:(currency)
3668:Parliament
3634:Government
3474:Tigray War
3437:Ogaden War
3417:Revolution
3155:2018-12-08
3073:2024-01-18
3068:Al Jazeera
3045:2024-01-18
3040:defenceWeb
3020:2024-01-18
2970:2024-01-17
2965:defenceWeb
2802:2021-12-29
2670:2020-07-24
2641:2022-05-02
2559:2008-01-02
2438:2017-06-24
2327:2021-06-20
2280:2022-04-29
2253:7 December
2232:References
1738:transport
1689:transport
1667:transport
1634:multirole
1611:multirole
1321:airstrikes
1303:Tigray War
1165:After 1991
935:, but the
918:Ogaden War
906:Debre Zeit
894:Ogaden War
721:Ethiopia 1
642:Ethiopia 1
587:Farman 192
236:Abiy Ahmed
207:Commanders
189:Tigray War
174:Ogaden War
71:1929-08-19
5289:Venezuela
5179:Sri Lanka
5139:Singapore
5044:Nicaragua
4964:Lithuania
4879:Indonesia
4844:Guatemala
4614:Australia
4604:Argentina
4316:Mauritius
3927:Languages
3868:Education
3827:Transport
3777:Companies
3716:Air Force
3678:Elections
3639:President
3570:Governors
3532:Volcanoes
3517:Mountains
3496:Geography
3432:Civil War
3129:30 August
3015:Janes.com
2510:A History
2099:Dire Dawa
2052:Mil Mi-14
1837:Aero L-39
1783:Mil Mi-24
1651:Transport
1527:Aircraft
1495:Dire Dawa
1366:Air bases
1340:Mil Mi-35
1151:civil war
1082:does not
961:in 1977.
929:Togochale
601:Fiat AS-1
466:) is the
457:romanized
411:Transport
360:Mil Mi-35
356:Mil Mi-24
218:President
135:Equipment
101:Air force
5309:Zimbabwe
5224:Thailand
5219:Tanzania
5189:Suriname
5149:Slovenia
5144:Slovakia
5099:Portugal
5079:Paraguay
5074:Pakistan
5004:Mongolia
4974:Malaysia
4859:Honduras
4804:Ethiopia
4769:Djibouti
4739:Congo DR
4729:Colombia
4699:Cameroon
4694:Cambodia
4689:Bulgaria
4674:Botswana
4574:Abkhazia
4506: /
4502: /
4495:(France)
4489: /
4467: /
4463: /
4416:Zimbabwe
4391:Tanzania
4241:Ethiopia
4236:Eswatini
4216:Djibouti
4181:Cameroon
4166:Botswana
4101:Aviation
4077:Ethiopia
4050:Category
4005:Religion
3942:Polygamy
3898:Maternal
3807:Taxation
3698:Military
3610:Politics
3289:articles
3285:Ethiopia
3174:Archived
3149:Archived
3123:Archived
3092:Archived
2995:12 March
2989:Archived
2885:Archived
2855:Archived
2825:Archived
2796:Archived
2765:Archived
2739:Archived
2709:Archived
2696:, p. 148
2664:Archived
2635:Archived
2611:July 24,
2605:Archived
2585:July 24,
2579:Archived
2553:Archived
2533:June 24,
2527:Archived
2480:Archived
2429:Archived
2321:Archived
2274:Archived
2215:See also
2124:Roundels
2118:conflict
2095:Bishoftu
2048:Mil Mi-6
2008:Bell 205
1890:trainer
1868:trainer
1817:liaison
1796:Mi-24/35
1767:utility
1758:Mil Mi-8
1717:C-130B/E
1536:Variant
1515:Aircraft
1479:Bishoftu
1281:and one
1034:SF-260TP
985:Hargeisa
950:Canberra
674:(French)
632:Potez 25
523:Potez 25
519:biplanes
428:Mil Mi-8
310:Insignia
91:Ethiopia
5294:Vietnam
5279:Uruguay
5259:Ukraine
5239:Tunisia
5154:Somalia
5129:Senegal
5109:Romania
5049:Nigeria
5029:Namibia
5024:Myanmar
5014:Morocco
4999:Moldova
4954:Lebanon
4894:Ireland
4869:Iceland
4864:Hungary
4829:Germany
4824:Georgia
4809:Finland
4799:Estonia
4794:Eritrea
4779:Ecuador
4764:Denmark
4759:Czechia
4744:Croatia
4664:Bolivia
4649:Belgium
4644:Belarus
4634:Bahrain
4629:Bahamas
4619:Austria
4609:Armenia
4589:Algeria
4584:Albania
4560:List of
4491:Réunion
4487:Mayotte
4478:Madeira
4473:(Spain)
4469:Melilla
4401:Tunisia
4371:Somalia
4356:Senegal
4341:Nigeria
4331:Namibia
4321:Morocco
4286:Liberia
4281:Lesotho
4231:Eritrea
4201:Comoros
4176:Burundi
4151:Algeria
4063:Portals
4034:Outline
3980:Cuisine
3967:Culture
3903:Women's
3878:Famines
3841:Society
3817:Tourism
3747:Economy
3663:Council
3627:history
3582:Woredas
3565:Regions
3509:Geology
3385:1887–89
3330:Emperor
3297:History
3180:29 June
2944:4 April
2272:. VoA.
2068:Saab 17
1938:Turkey
1864:Germany
1792:attack
1771:Mi-8/17
1685:Ukraine
1663:Ukraine
1530:Origin
1509:Mek'ele
1311:in the
1275:MIG-29s
1256:Eritrea
1103:removed
1088:sources
989:Berbera
714:Junkers
508:British
481:History
473:of the
459::
448:Amharic
391:Trainer
367:Fighter
316:Roundel
275:General
79:Country
69: (
61:Founded
5304:Zambia
5254:Uganda
5244:Turkey
5209:Taiwan
5194:Sweden
5134:Serbia
5119:Rwanda
5114:Russia
5094:Poland
5064:Norway
4994:Mexico
4949:Latvia
4934:Kuwait
4919:Jordan
4899:Israel
4839:Greece
4814:France
4754:Cyprus
4704:Canada
4684:Brunei
4679:Brazil
4654:Belize
4594:Angola
4510:
4493:
4480:
4411:Zambia
4406:Uganda
4346:Rwanda
4301:Malawi
4261:Guinea
4156:Angola
4089:Africa
4010:Sports
3937:People
3888:Health
3782:Energy
3592:Kebele
3587:Cities
3522:Rivers
3395:Second
3287:
3234:
3205:
3098:7 June
2891:2 July
2861:2 July
2831:2 July
2771:2 July
2745:2 July
2460:
2066:, and
2028:MiG-17
1915:Turkey
1813:France
1788:Russia
1763:Russia
1734:Canada
1638:Su-30K
1630:Russia
1607:Russia
1555:MiG-23
1542:Notes
1336:Mig-23
1329:Togoga
1288:Su-25T
1283:MiG-23
1279:MiG-21
933:Jijiga
886:AIM-9B
853:MiG-17
772:Sweden
376:MiG-23
372:MiG-21
347:Attack
88:
5299:Yemen
5234:Tonga
5204:Syria
5184:Sudan
5174:Spain
5104:Qatar
4984:Malta
4959:Libya
4929:Kenya
4914:Japan
4904:Italy
4874:India
4854:Haiti
4834:Ghana
4819:Gabon
4784:Egypt
4734:Congo
4724:China
4719:Chile
4659:Benin
4465:Ceuta
4386:Sudan
4336:Niger
4291:Libya
4276:Kenya
4256:Ghana
4246:Gabon
4221:Egypt
4161:Benin
4041:Index
4000:Music
3995:Media
3957:Women
3769:Birr
3764:Banks
3577:Zones
3547:Fauna
3542:Flora
3527:Lakes
3390:First
2486:(BBC)
2432:(PDF)
2425:(PDF)
2087:DHC-6
2004:DHC-6
1985:UCAV
1963:UCAV
1959:China
1941:UCAV
1886:Italy
1533:Type
1477:, in
1325:Wukro
1297:DAVEC
1268:Mi-35
1264:Su-27
1038:Italy
1026:L-39C
882:F-5Es
794:B-17A
384:Su-30
380:Su-27
352:Su-25
5229:Togo
5084:Peru
5069:Oman
4979:Mali
4944:Laos
4889:Iraq
4884:Iran
4749:Cuba
4714:Chad
4396:Togo
4306:Mali
4196:Chad
3984:wine
3915:LGBT
3883:Flag
3731:Navy
3656:list
3644:list
3427:Derg
3335:list
3232:ISBN
3203:ISBN
3182:2021
3131:2018
3100:2015
2997:2020
2946:2024
2893:2021
2863:2021
2833:2021
2773:2021
2747:2021
2613:2020
2587:2020
2535:2017
2458:ISBN
2255:2022
1990:N/A
1981:Iran
1968:N/A
1946:N/A
1920:UCAV
1086:any
1084:cite
1050:see
1014:Derg
966:Ford
955:Derg
937:Derg
878:Horn
871:the
868:F-5A
861:see
818:see
792:and
776:see
766:and
637:1 ×
630:6 ×
623:1 ×
616:1 ×
606:2 ×
599:1 ×
592:1 ×
589:c/n?
585:1 ×
578:1 ×
572:1 ×
566:1 ×
560:2 ×
515:Aden
444:ETAF
438:The
329:Flag
117:Size
107:Role
97:Type
3975:Art
2093:in
1851:10
1775:14
1616:20
1507:in
1493:in
1195:by
1097:by
1059:).
758:in
634:A-2
500:Ras
468:air
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