108:
139:
1383:
471:
27:
122:
1825:
747:
419:
1813:
394:
884:. Cuba, in contrast with Santo Domingo, had ceased to be considered a marginal colony after the brief, yet consequential, British occupation of 1763. Spain had since been pouring resources into developing the Cuban economy, and so, while Santo Domingo was experiencing a loss of its white planter and landowning class, Cuba was welcoming a growing and enterprising
944:, slaves and free blacks conspired to end slavery and to join the region to Haiti. The conspiracy was discovered and many were sentenced to lashes and jail terms. The four principal leaders, Pedro Seda, José Leocadio, Pedro Henríquez and a person simply known as Marcos were executed. Their heads were
956:
As the
Spanish authorities showed little interest in their restored colony, the great ranching families such as the Santanas came to be the leaders in the south east, and the law of the "machete" ruled for a time. Then on 9 November 1821 the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo was toppled by a group led
931:
Four French sergeants, who had remained after
Spanish rule was restored attempted to organize a coup d'état to return Santo Domingo to French rule. Their effort failed and they were executed. Also executed were the leaders of an attempted slave and free black revolt. When the authorities refused to
840:
and other
Spanish areas. France, nevertheless, maintained only nominal control over the acquired area, with most of the colony's administration staffed by Dominicans and Spaniards and Spanish laws and traditions maintained. The situation turned worse when the declaration of an independent Haiti in
895:
and did not recover. The ruling elite of the time lamented that they had been abandoned by Spain—little economic aid was invested in the island, the only money the royal government sent to the island was the salaries of royal employees. But while the growth of the sugar economy in Cuba created an
1014:
wrote to Núñez de Cáceres expressing the importance that the island be united. Núñez de Cáceres subsequently saw no other option than to place Santo
Domingo under Haitian rule. Nine weeks later on 9 February 1822, Boyer took formal possession of Santo Domingo and
879:
However, during the second decade of the 19th century the colonial neglect acquired epic proportions. In fact, for all practical purposes, the colony in Santo
Domingo during these years (1809–1821) was governed as an afterthought through the more significant
977:
In
November 1821 a new conspiracy emerged in the mountainous region bordering Haiti to join Santo Domingo to Haiti. The conspiracy was popular among the middle and lower classes, small shop keepers, a few key
912:, during the years 1809-1812. Some of these conspiracies attempted to create an independent state, while others sought to join the area to Haiti. An early attempt took place in 1809 under the leadership of a
1448:
848:, tried to claim the allegiance of Spaniards everywhere. Exiled Dominicans who were opposed to the French began returning to the island and organized small expeditionary forces in Puerto Rico under
1341:
957:
by
Spanish lieutenant governor Núñez de Cáceres, the colony's former administrator, and the rebels proclaimed independence from Spain on 30 November 1821. The new nation was known as
683:
775:
733:
925:
1687:
1555:
1232:
1002:. Realizing that the pro-Haiti movement was gaining ground, he and his followers deposed Governor Pascual Real on 30 November 1821, and established the
921:
1073:
1776:
1438:
1433:
1875:
1845:
1521:
768:
852:, which received British naval aid. Britain had never accepted the cessation of Santo Domingo to France, which it considered a violation of the
844:
The start of the
Peninsular War changed the political situation. Spain was now once again at war with France, although a French-appointed king,
737:
928:. Del Monte was discovered, arrested and indicted and sent to Spain, where he was acquitted, possibly due to the influence of his relative.
1616:
1611:
1560:
1331:
652:
138:
1606:
1516:
1372:
1270:
1640:
920:
before being sent to Spain. Another conspiracy was headed by Manuel del Monte, a close relative of the royal commissioner sent by the
761:
450:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1705:
1677:
1667:
1423:
1006:. The new state had little support in the other regions of Santo Domingo and Núñez de Cáceres was unable to secure a commitment from
107:
1499:
1458:
1453:
1408:
1594:
1225:
1720:
1657:
1599:
1506:
1382:
729:
127:
1526:
1102:
1047:
909:
807:
873:
673:
279:
868:
During the next twelve years, Santo
Domingo's economy suffered. Most farming was solely for subsistence, there was little
1865:
1662:
1626:
1511:
1443:
1403:
1391:
1299:
823:
802:
was under
Spanish rule, but the Spanish government exercised minimal powers because its resources were attenuated by the
693:
634:
602:
565:
337:
1870:
1682:
1550:
1545:
1489:
1472:
1321:
1265:
1218:
810:. The period ended when Dominican officials declared a short-lived independence on 30 November 1821. In February 1822,
799:
492:
1769:
1697:
1621:
1574:
1484:
1250:
1145:
856:. The Dominican and Puerto Rican forces defeated the smaller but better-armed French army on 7 November 1808, at the
789:
459:
70:
48:
41:
1750:
1745:
1715:
1494:
837:
185:
1133:
1740:
1652:
1428:
1413:
995:
1730:
514:
121:
1735:
1533:
1326:
625:
524:
153:
933:
1077:
1785:
1803:
1725:
1829:
1790:
1538:
1336:
1316:
1311:
1029:
1016:
1003:
958:
908:
As in the other Spanish colonies during the Peninsular War, there were several attempts to establish
849:
833:
751:
664:
588:
539:
412:
247:
891:
The Dominican colonial elite, on the other hand, had suffered substantially from the effects of the
841:
1804 increased hostilities on the island and commerce with the western part of the island was lost.
113:
35:
1259:
478:
961:. On 1 December 1821 a constitutive act was ordered to petition the union of Spanish Haiti with
1277:
857:
519:
52:
1817:
872:
on the island, and, once political stability returned to Spain in 1814, its focus was on the
529:
365:
1282:
8:
1362:
1181:
896:
economically and racially polarized society, in Santo Domingo the material gap among the
705:
509:
470:
1241:
1007:
892:
714:
437:
1351:
1672:
1141:
1011:
853:
798:(Spanish: "Meek Spain") lasted from 9 July 1809 to 1 December 1821, during which the
611:
534:
1287:
1173:
932:
consider freeing the Dominican slaves, as had been hoped, or fully implementing the
504:
1357:
845:
173:
1110:
1347:
917:
881:
1586:
1293:
983:
829:
814:
annexed former Santo Domingo, leading to an occupation that lasted until 1844.
803:
553:
544:
399:
338:
Dominicans declare independence from France and unite with Spain (Vassal State)
324:
1210:
1839:
1710:
999:
966:
962:
219:
200:
163:
897:
149:
1138:
Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience
937:
916:, simply known as "Don Fermín." He was arrested, held for seven years at
888:, which complimented well the increasingly powerful sugar planter class.
885:
1418:
994:
regions. At the same time another conspiracy in the capital, headed by
945:
1019:. This was the beginning of a 22-year occupation by Haitian forces.
941:
828:
Spanish Santo Domingo had been ceded to France as a result of the
987:
180:
1367:
991:
979:
811:
16:
Period of Spanish rule of the Dominican Republic (1809–1821)
869:
1074:"The Conflict Between Haiti and the Dominican Republic"
1207:(3rd edition), UCMM, Santiago de los Caballeros, 1978.
1076:. All Empires Online History Community. Archived from
1801:
1010:
that Gran Colombia would send aid. Haitian President
1131:
1022:
832:in 1795. Many Dominicans chose to go into exile in
922:Supreme Central and Governing Junta of the Kingdom
1837:
951:
1240:
903:
1174:"Dominican Republic – Haiti and Santo Domingo"
1226:
769:
1132:Gates, Henry Louis; Appiah, Anthony (1999).
998:sought to free Santo Domingo and join it to
1233:
1219:
776:
762:
137:
1200:, UCMM, Santiago de los Caballeros, 1977.
1167:Compendio de la historia de Santo Domingo
1065:
972:
71:Learn how and when to remove this message
34:This article includes a list of general
1125:
1876:19th century in the Dominican Republic
1846:History of the Colony of Santo Domingo
1838:
1097:
1095:
1214:
990:. The movement spread in the Sur and
940:to free blacks, if not granting them
808:Spanish American wars of independence
20:
1092:
936:, which would have granted Spanish
824:Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo
566:Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo
13:
1332:Spanish occupation 1861–1865
1071:
1004:Independent State of Spanish Haiti
948:at various points of the capital.
800:Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
493:Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
92:Capitanía General de Santo Domingo
89:Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
40:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
1887:
1205:La dominación haitiana, 1822-1844
790:history of the Dominican Republic
1861:1820s in the Spanish West Indies
1856:1810s in the Spanish West Indies
1851:1800s in the Spanish West Indies
1823:
1811:
1381:
1023:Governors and capitanes generals
745:
469:
417:
392:
120:
106:
25:
1342:U.S. occupation 1916–1924
863:
325:Ceded eastern portion to France
874:more productive island of Cuba
1:
1198:Manual de Historia Dominicana
1134:"Dominican-Haitian Relations"
1059:
952:Independence of Santo Domingo
817:
752:Dominican Republic portal
626:Dominican War of Independence
1048:Sebastián Kindelán y O’Regan
934:Spanish Constitution of 1812
904:Revolts against Spanish rule
280:Sebastián Kindelán y O'Regan
7:
1184:; Federal Research Division
10:
1892:
1866:Political history of Spain
1103:"Haiti - Historical Flags"
821:
1871:19th century in New Spain
1763:
1696:
1648:
1639:
1582:
1573:
1480:
1471:
1399:
1390:
1379:
1317:Unification of Hispaniola
1249:
1042:Carlos de Urrutia y Matos
1017:occupied the whole island
959:Republic of Spanish Haiti
665:Dominican Restoration War
603:Unification of Hispaniola
589:Republic of Spanish Haiti
433:
413:Republic of Spanish Haiti
371:
361:
357:
347:
334:
321:
311:
307:
299:
295:
285:
273:
269:Carlos de Urrutia y Matos
263:
253:
241:
237:
229:
225:
213:
209:
199:
191:
179:
169:
159:
145:
136:
102:
97:
87:
1036:Manuel Caballero y Masot
684:United States occupation
259:Manuel Caballero y Masot
515:Battle of Santo Domingo
55:more precise citations.
1278:Devastations of Osorio
1169:, Santo Domingo, 1894.
1165:García, José Gabriel,
973:Ephemeral independence
858:Battle of Palo Hincado
525:Siege of Santo Domingo
520:Devastations of Osorio
479:Pre-Spanish Hispaniola
462:the Dominican Republic
996:José Núñez de Cáceres
926:Francisco Javier Caro
530:Battle of Sabana Real
170:Common languages
1688:Water and sanitation
1030:Juan Sánchez Ramírez
882:Cuban administration
850:Juan Sánchez Ramírez
554:French Santo Domingo
349:• Independence
248:Juan Sánchez Ramírez
1500:Chamber of Deputies
1363:Dominican Civil War
1327:War of Independence
1182:Library of Congress
900:was not as marked.
706:Dominican Civil War
510:Battle of Vega Real
313:• Established
1830:Dominican Republic
1617:Telecommunications
1300:Spanish reconquest
1271:Colonial governors
1242:Dominican Republic
1203:Moya Pons, Frank.
1196:Moya Pons, Frank,
1107:Flags of the World
946:publicly displayed
893:Haitian Revolution
653:Spanish occupation
540:Treaty of Aranjuez
438:Dominican Republic
366:Santo Domingo real
1799:
1798:
1759:
1758:
1635:
1634:
1569:
1568:
1556:Political parties
1517:Foreign relations
1467:
1466:
1373:COVID-19 pandemic
1072:Lancer, Jalisco.
1012:Jean-Pierre Boyer
942:the right to vote
854:Treaty of Utrecht
786:
785:
719:
698:
688:
678:
657:
639:
616:
612:Republic of Haiti
593:
579:
558:
535:Treaty of Ryswick
497:
483:
443:
442:
429:
428:
425:
424:
405:
404:
275:• 1818–1821
265:• 1813–1818
255:• 1811–1813
243:• 1809–1811
215:• 1813–1821
81:
80:
73:
1883:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1807:
1779:
1772:
1646:
1645:
1590:
1580:
1579:
1478:
1477:
1397:
1396:
1385:
1358:Parsley massacre
1235:
1228:
1221:
1212:
1211:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1109:. Archived from
1099:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1080:on 13 April 2018
1069:
846:Joseph Bonaparte
806:and the various
792:, the period of
778:
771:
764:
750:
749:
748:
717:
696:
686:
676:
655:
637:
614:
591:
577:
556:
495:
481:
473:
463:
445:
444:
421:
420:
409:
408:
396:
395:
389:
388:
373:
372:
141:
124:
110:
85:
84:
76:
69:
65:
62:
56:
51:this article by
42:inline citations
29:
28:
21:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1824:
1822:
1812:
1810:
1802:
1800:
1795:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1755:
1692:
1678:Public holidays
1631:
1588:
1565:
1463:
1439:Protected areas
1414:Ciudad Colonial
1386:
1377:
1352:Héctor Trujillo
1337:Restoration War
1245:
1239:
1187:
1185:
1178:Country Studies
1172:
1162:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1130:
1126:
1116:
1114:
1101:
1100:
1093:
1083:
1081:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1025:
975:
954:
906:
866:
826:
820:
782:
746:
744:
736:
732:
715:Fourth Republic
674:Second Republic
461:
454:
418:
393:
353:1 December 1821
350:
340:
327:
314:
288:
276:
266:
256:
244:
216:
132:
131:
130:
125:
117:
116:
111:
93:
90:
77:
66:
60:
57:
47:Please help to
46:
30:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1889:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1833:
1832:
1820:
1818:Modern history
1797:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1702:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1649:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1592:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1434:Municipalities
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1346:Trujillo Era (
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1302:
1297:
1294:Era de Francia
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1263:
1255:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1244: articles
1238:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1170:
1161:
1160:
1146:
1124:
1091:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1044:
1038:
1032:
1024:
1021:
974:
971:
953:
950:
905:
902:
898:social classes
865:
862:
830:Peace of Basel
822:Main article:
819:
816:
804:Peninsular War
784:
783:
781:
780:
773:
766:
758:
755:
754:
741:
740:
738:Jewish history
734:Postal history
726:
725:
721:
720:
711:
710:
709:
708:
700:
699:
694:Third Republic
690:
689:
680:
679:
670:
669:
668:
667:
659:
658:
649:
648:
647:
646:
641:
640:
635:First Republic
631:
630:
629:
628:
618:
617:
608:
607:
606:
605:
595:
594:
585:
584:
581:
580:
571:
570:
569:
568:
560:
559:
550:
549:
548:
547:
545:Peace of Basel
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
505:Taíno genocide
499:
498:
489:
488:
485:
484:
475:
474:
466:
465:
456:
455:
448:
441:
440:
435:
431:
430:
427:
426:
423:
422:
415:
406:
403:
402:
400:Era de Francia
397:
385:
384:
379:
369:
368:
363:
359:
358:
355:
354:
351:
348:
345:
344:
341:
335:
332:
331:
328:
322:
319:
318:
315:
312:
309:
308:
305:
304:
301:
297:
296:
293:
292:
289:
286:
283:
282:
277:
274:
271:
270:
267:
264:
261:
260:
257:
254:
251:
250:
245:
242:
239:
238:
235:
234:
231:
227:
226:
223:
222:
217:
214:
211:
210:
207:
206:
203:
197:
196:
193:
189:
188:
183:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
147:
143:
142:
134:
133:
126:
119:
118:
112:
105:
104:
103:
100:
99:
95:
94:
91:
88:
79:
78:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1888:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1831:
1821:
1819:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1322:La Trinitaria
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1312:Spanish Haiti
1310:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1266:Santo Domingo
1264:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1243:
1236:
1231:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1149:
1147:9780465000715
1143:
1139:
1135:
1128:
1113:on 5 May 2005
1112:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1096:
1079:
1075:
1068:
1064:
1055:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1020:
1018:
1013:
1009:
1008:Simón Bolívar
1005:
1001:
1000:Gran Colombia
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
970:
968:
967:Gran Colombia
964:
963:Simon Bolivar
960:
949:
947:
943:
939:
935:
929:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
901:
899:
894:
889:
887:
883:
877:
875:
871:
861:
859:
855:
851:
847:
842:
839:
835:
831:
825:
815:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
796:
791:
779:
774:
772:
767:
765:
760:
759:
757:
756:
753:
743:
742:
739:
735:
731:
728:
727:
723:
722:
716:
713:
712:
707:
704:
703:
702:
701:
695:
692:
691:
685:
682:
681:
675:
672:
671:
666:
663:
662:
661:
660:
654:
651:
650:
645:
644:
643:
642:
636:
633:
632:
627:
624:
623:
622:
620:
619:
613:
610:
609:
604:
601:
600:
599:
597:
596:
590:
587:
586:
583:
582:
576:
573:
572:
567:
564:
563:
562:
561:
555:
552:
551:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
502:
501:
500:
494:
491:
490:
487:
486:
480:
477:
476:
472:
468:
467:
464:
458:
457:
452:
447:
446:
439:
436:
434:Today part of
432:
416:
414:
411:
410:
407:
401:
398:
391:
390:
387:
386:
383:
380:
378:
375:
374:
370:
367:
364:
360:
356:
352:
346:
342:
339:
333:
329:
326:
320:
316:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
284:
281:
278:
272:
268:
262:
258:
252:
249:
246:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
221:
220:Ferdinand VII
218:
212:
208:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
187:
184:
182:
178:
175:
172:
168:
165:
164:Santo Domingo
162:
158:
155:
151:
148:
144:
140:
135:
129:
123:
115:
109:
101:
96:
86:
83:
75:
72:
64:
54:
50:
44:
43:
37:
32:
23:
22:
19:
1721:Coat of arms
1658:Demographics
1600:Central Bank
1522:Human rights
1507:Constitution
1305:
1304:
1292:
1258:
1204:
1197:
1186:. Retrieved
1177:
1166:
1151:. Retrieved
1137:
1127:
1115:. Retrieved
1111:the original
1106:
1082:. Retrieved
1078:the original
1067:
1054:Pascual Real
1053:
1041:
1035:
982:, and among
976:
955:
930:
913:
907:
890:
878:
867:
864:Spanish rule
843:
827:
794:
793:
787:
730:LGBT history
621:
598:
574:
382:Succeeded by
381:
376:
330:22 July 1795
291:Pascual Real
287:• 1821
150:Vassal state
128:Coat of arms
82:
67:
58:
39:
18:
1539:enforcement
1527:LGBT rights
1306:España Boba
1283:Slave trade
1153:24 December
1117:24 December
1084:24 December
938:nationality
886:bourgeoisie
838:Puerto Rico
795:España Boba
697:(1924–1965)
687:(1916–1924)
677:(1865–1916)
656:(1861–1865)
638:(1844–1861)
615:(1822–1844)
592:(1821–1822)
578:(1809–1821)
575:España Boba
557:(1795–1809)
496:(1492–1795)
460:History of
377:Preceded by
343:9 July 1809
317:9 July 1809
53:introducing
1840:Categories
1736:Literature
1589:(currency)
1419:Hispaniola
1188:25 October
1060:References
1052:1821-
1046:1818-1821
1040:1813-1818
1034:1811-1813
1028:1809-1811
918:Fort Ozama
818:Background
192:Government
181:Demonym(s)
61:March 2024
36:references
1663:Education
1627:Transport
1607:Companies
1561:President
1512:Elections
1444:Provinces
1429:Mountains
1392:Geography
1260:Cacicazgo
988:Mulattoes
186:Dominican
98:1809–1821
1786:Category
1683:Religion
1673:Language
1551:Politics
1546:Military
1490:Congress
1473:Politics
1459:Wildlife
984:Criollos
980:ranchers
914:Habanero
451:a series
449:Part of
362:Currency
230:Governor
195:Monarchy
1804:Portals
1770:Outline
1726:Cuisine
1698:Culture
1641:Society
1622:Tourism
1575:Economy
1485:Cabinet
1449:Regions
1424:Islands
1288:Maroons
1251:History
788:In the
718:(1966–)
482:(–1492)
336:•
323:•
300:History
174:Spanish
160:Capital
49:improve
1791:Portal
1751:Sports
1746:People
1716:Cinema
1706:Anthem
1668:Health
1612:Energy
1495:Senate
1454:Rivers
1409:Cities
1404:Border
1368:DOMREP
1348:Rafael
1144:
910:juntas
870:specie
724:Topics
453:on the
303:
233:
205:
146:Status
38:, but
1777:Index
1741:Music
1653:Crime
1595:Banks
1587:Peso
992:Cibao
812:Haiti
154:Spain
1731:Flag
1350:and
1190:2012
1155:2007
1142:ISBN
1119:2007
1086:2007
986:and
834:Cuba
201:King
114:Flag
1711:Art
1534:Law
965:’s
152:of
1842::
1180:.
1176:.
1140:.
1136:.
1105:.
1094:^
969:.
924:,
876:.
860:.
836:,
1806::
1354:)
1234:e
1227:t
1220:v
1192:.
1157:.
1121:.
1088:.
777:e
770:t
763:v
74:)
68:(
63:)
59:(
45:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_(Espa%C3%B1a_boba).png)
