790:, taking advantage of a defeat suffered by Toussaint Luoverture against English troops in Saint-Domingue. Toussaint took Spanish Santo Domingo on behalf of France in 1801, since the Treaty of Basel could not be executed earlier due to difficulties in applying it. The Treaty of Basel established that in exchange for the restitution of the territories conquered by the French in the North of the Iberian Peninsula, “the King of Spain, for himself and his successors, cedes and abandons all ownership to the French Republic of the entire Spanish part of the island of Santo Domingo in the Antilles.” (sic) Under the Treaty of Basel, one month after the ratification of the agreement was announced on the island of Santo Domingo, "Spanish troops will be ready to evacuate the towns, ports and establishments they occupy here, to hand them over to French troops when they come to take possession of them." It provides that the squares, ports and establishments were to be handed over to the French with the cannons, war ammunition and necessary effects for their defence, which they had at the time when news of the negotiations became known.
647:
answered that "they were confident that starting with them, everyone had to continue". The plan, apparently, was to start a revolt at the
Chamuscadillas Hacienda of Pedro Vasquez, kill all the white people in it, seize the weapons and then continue like this with all the whites of the Spanish Part. The slaves involved demonstrated shrewd handling of politics of the moment, for example, Dimini, to defend himself, stated that Papilion could not be part of said plan because he was an ally of the Spanish and, on the contrary, said: "that San Fransua, as you hear it said, has generally been behaved very well with the Spanish and did not want to admit no Spanish black, rather has handed over to his masters how many have gone to the colony." Slaves had become aware of the strategic alliance of Papilion and the Spanish, which prevented any unity with the slaves of Spanish Santo Domingo. In other words, although Jean Franqois was a source of inspiration, he could not really support.
702:
in the French colony of Saint-Domingue. The authorities assumed that these were the ideas that inspired the slaves. In addition, the rebels had come into contact with three subordinates of Jean
Franqois with whom they had obtained information about the way in which the insurrection had occurred in the neighboring colony. The reference to Jean-François Papilion appears again. Demonstrating great organizational capacity, they established a "commander of artillery, dragoons, and infantry." Inspired by the Haitian Revolution, the slaves of Boca de Nigua established a king and queen. For instance, Ana Maria, an enslaved woman, "more attended and distinguished by her lord, she offered herself to be the murderer and was the constituted Queen in the disorder, corresponding with entertainment and gifts."
850:
73:
809:
824:
Domingo organized under the direction of Juan Baron to assault the fort of San Gil and facilitate the French landing that sought to remove
Toussaint from power. Other Dominican sectors who supported Toussaint denounced the movement. Toussaint's military in the Santo Domingo tried take advantage of the support of the black people in Santo Domingo and mobilized them in his favor. Garcia noted that: "Commander Marquis, who had the Haitians as chief in the stronghold of Haina, he made efforts to agitate the slaves of Los Ingenios, in order to increase their numbers and would allow him to become strong."20
710:"The day of justice was frightening and not taking measures capable of containing so many black people, both free and slave, and so many foreigners adhering to freedom and equality, closing the doors, establishing patrols, putting on weapons all the Guards and czen cattlemen For the execution, the troops were all ready in the barracks with the officers and in a word alert the entire garrison, we could having experienced a shock of the kind that has the island has been theater in its vicinity and feasible in a city that counts one year and four months of cessation to the French Republic."
779:, to end the war they were waging. One version says that it was easy for Toussaint to impose himself on the Spanish, because the governor had 600 poorly armed men. Dominican historians who have studied the subject agree that in the area around the Nizao River, Toussaint's troops destroyed in combat the weak resistance that tried to oppose them. After the hostilities, Toussaint negotiated capitulation with Governor Joaquín García y Monero. The following day, January 26, 1801, the victorious troops marched to the city of Santo Domingo, which they took without resistance from the locals.
1623:
729:
831:, area of sugar mills and haciendas, close to where the rebellion of Boca de Nigua had taken place five years earlier, once again, as a result of high concentration of slaves. The slaves of these estates took up arms and tried to join those of the Hacienda Fundacion. Some of those involved died in the persecution unleashed against them and others were eventually captured.22 This uprising closed the cycle of conspiracies and slave rebellions. Finally, the French were able to secure their dominance and the subjugation of the reinstated Dominican slaves.
982:
877:
59:
90:
764:. Those who went to Cuba suffered multiple difficulties because they did not receive the land and facilities that the colonial authorities promised to those who left Santo Domingo. For this reason, many requested in writing to the King of Spain that they be granted more than a year to leave Spanish Santo Domingo, but as soon as the occupation of Toussaint became a reality, they began to leave.
442:
664:"(...) have scattered various printed papers, and have also tried to extend by word of mouth that the slaves that are found in the Spanish possessions since the present Those owned by the Republic must be free without any distinction, and these propositions have made them spread by themselves, and through other French people so that they understand them our slaves.”
606:
liberation limited group or search for particular claims characteristics of the palenques or manieles maroons.. These movements had several greater objectives which included the overthrow of colonial rule, the elimination of whites, the implementation of racial equality or a union with Saint-Domingue. They occurred at the time of development of the
748:, France returned to Spain the areas it had taken during the war in the Iberian Peninsula, and Spain in turn, ceded eastern Hispaniola to France. The information about the signing of the treaty became known in Santo Domingo on October 18, 1795, at a time when the Spanish were fighting against the French forces represented by
756:
Toussaint's troops to return to Santo
Domingo. He addressed the message "to people of all colors." In this way, the military chief representing France tried to dispel the fears that worried the inhabitants of Santo Domingo. After the treaty came into force, large numbers of families, who were of Spanish origin, moved to
630:, which further overwhelmed Dominican slave owners. In addition, rumors about the advances or setbacks of slaves in Saint-Domingue were scattered among whites and blacks, free and slaves. In 1793, Don Pedro Vasquez, denounced an alleged rebellion plan by the slaves of Hincha, one of the Spanish towns closest to the
1019:
An illustrative example of this characteristic was the Maniel de Neiba that resisted for years in the southern mountains. Between 1783 and 1796, at the initiative of the maroons themselves, their reduction was negotiated and what they demanded was the freedom and delivery of lands. Finally, they were
705:
Once the revolt was subdued, Garcia expressed his satisfaction "since it did not seem possible in a country like this that such disorder could be ended so quickly." Furthermore, he suggested that the rebellion had a lot of sympathy, since there were sectors among the slaves, naturally, and among the
697:
spoke for them. He said that the rebels intended initially attack his master to continue with all the targets and take over the estate, killing all slaves who did not take up arms on their behalf. They were counting on adding "the black ones that would fly from the neighboring
Haciendas upon hearing
692:
in the history of the
Dominican Republic, when two hundred slaves of the Ingenio Boca de Nigua took up arms. This farm was considered as "the best established, richest and well governed of the entire Spanish Part and even of the entire island at the time." That is to say, the sugar producing company
646:
Although Thomas could not read, the presence of a document supposedly written by
Papilion, convinced him to join the plot. In an illiterate society, the legitimacy of the written or printed letter was significant. Asked in the judgment that was made that since so few proposed such an undertaking, he
605:
Just as with the previous centuries against Spain, further slave rebellions erupted, this time against France. In this period, out of the four conspiracies exclusively slaves, three of them on haciendas or mills. These attempts or rebellions had as a note distinctive that transcended the mere act of
1029:
Fears of the French were expressed in a series of rumors and references to the circulation of revolutionary ideas always attributed to them. The figure of the "three
Frenchman" appeared in several conspiracies, such as Samana in 1795; Boca de Nigua in 1796; and Fermin Nunez in 1816. As the names of
823:
described a fairly complex situation in which the
Dominicans, according to their interests, sometimes took sides favor of Toussaint, others of France and, from 1804, against the Haitians. An illustrative example of this situation occurred at the beginning of 1802 when residents of the city of Santo
793:
When
Toussaint announced his decision to occupy Santo Domingo on January 6, 1801, Governor Joaquín García Moreno argued that it was not possible because decisions by Napoleon and the Spanish Government were still pending, but that argument had no effect. The Treaty established that "the inhabitants
701:
The rebellious slaves intended to establish a government "like that of Guarico and others of the French Part."12 These words, in the governor's voice, clearly reflected way or another the influence of the liberating discourse that existed in the colony and that was a direct influence of the events
561:
The Spanish colony on the other hand sank lower than ever. Practically abandoned by Spain, there was no commerce beyond a little contraband and only the most indispensable agriculture, the inhabitants devoting themselves almost entirely to cattle raising. The ports were the haunts of pirates, and a
511:
in 1801 and 1805, respectively. The colony lost two thirds of its population and almost all of the oldest and most traditional aristocratic families on the island; in addition, the population on the Spanish side went from being predominantly white to being essentially mulatto. The establishment of
909:
in the North. From Petion, the Dominicans received 40 boxes of cartridges, four thousand flint stones and one hundred halberds that were used by the men under the direction of Ciriaco Ramirez. On the other hand, negotiations were made with Cristobal who provided supplies in April 1809. These were
888:
The French invasion of Spain in March 1808 had great consequences throughout the Americas, and Santo Domingo was no exception, since in that same year various sectors proposed the separation of France and began to work to this. Such leaders included in the south and Cibao, under the initiative of
755:
On January 27, 1801, Toussaint Louverture, who had occupied Spanish Santo Domingo on behalf of France, issued a proclamation in which he invited the inhabitants of the city of Santo Domingo to return to their usual activities. He urged those who had left the island because of the occupation by
861:
In 1805, after crowning himself Emperor, Jean-Jacques Dessalines invaded, reaching Santo Domingo before retreating in the face of a French naval squadron. The Haitians fell back through the settled area of the interior, sacking the towns of Monte Plata, Cotui and La Vega, and slaughtering the
502:
Despite its brevity, it produced important changes in society, especially in the demographic aspect, as there was a massive emigration of settlers (especially those with greater resources) to Puerto Rico, Venezuela and Cuba, some out of loyalty to Spain, and others as a result of the Haitians
693:
functioned as was desirable for slave interests. The high concentration of slaves and intensive exploitation provided the ideal conditions for a resistance movement. Unfortunately, in the documents of this rebellion, the voice of the slaves cannot be found because the then governor
642:"I had spoken with Capt. Dimini, the one who had showed him a piece of paper and had told him that San Fransua had written naming him as captain of all the blacks of the Spanish part and that in it he was arrested that after it finished with all the would he come here to wage war.
569:
The division of Hispaniola between France and Spain in 1697 recognized a reality with which neither the Kings nor their Revolutionary successors were happy. Although the population of Spanish Santo Domingo was perhaps one-fourth that of French Saint-Domingue, this did not prevent
125:
124:
597:, where they were to be given facilities to make a fresh start. Between 1795 and 1810 some 125,000 persons are estimated to have left the Spanish sector of the island, leaving its population diminished by two-thirds compared with what it had been before the French Revolution.
123:
862:
citizens of Moca and Santiago. They left the fields laid waste, the cities ablaze and the churches in ashes behind them.In Moca only two people survived, thanks to corpses having been piled up on those still living in the church where the principal massacre took place.
557:
and one of the richest in the world. Large sugar cane plantations were established and worked by hundreds of thousands of African slaves who were imported to the island. In 1754, the population numbered 14,000 whites, 4,000 free mulattoes and 172,000 negroes.
122:
925:. The Reconquista did not reflect the unanimous feeling of the majority of Dominicans and in the first four years at least one conspiracy occurred annually and this points out the complexity of interests, influences and expectations of the moment.
794:
of the Spanish part of Santo Domingo, who for their interests or other reasons prefer to transfer themselves and their assets to the possessions of His Catholic Majesty, may do so within one year from the date of this Treaty.”
668:
From this international agreement the revolutionary influence of France, to the free blacks or slaves, it difficult to contain and its effects did not take long to be felt. In that same year, there was news that slaves from
553:, Spain formally ceded the western third of the island to France. Saint-Domingue quickly came to overshadow the east in both wealth and population. Nicknamed the "Pearl of the Antilles," it became the richest colony in the
714:
The atrocious compliance with the sentence brought some peace of mind to the authorities. The rumor had been partially quelled and certainly over the next five years, conspiracies or slave rebellions had been halted.
655:
Over the next two years, news of negotiations between the Spanish and French over the Spanish colony brought new concerns and readings of the revolution in progress. The regent of the Royal Hearing in Santo Domingo,
771:. Toussaint had communicated his decision to occupy Spanish Santo Domingo to its Governor Joaquín García y Moreno, under the pretext of executing the Treaty of Basel, signed on July 22, 1795 by Spain and France, in
1688:
120:
673:
tried to carry out an uprising, encouraged by three white Frenchmen who had arrived clandestinely.As in Hincha, this attempt was revealed before it could be carried out and could have been a simple rumor.
585:
News that the Spanish colony had been ceded to France reached Santo Domingo in October 1795. Those who could not reconcile themselves to the new situation had up to a year to remove themselves to
121:
1020:
regrouped in a town created especially for them: "Los Naranjos". Carlos Esteban Deive, Los cirnavvones del maniel de Neiba. Santo Domingo, Central Bank of the Dominican Republic, 1985. Passirn
578:(1789–99). Although the Spanish military effort went well on Hispaniola, it did not so in Europe. As a consequence, Spain was forced to cede Santo Domingo to the French under the terms of the
1581:
827:
Perhaps as a result of these efforts, in that year of 1802, recently Once slavery was reestablished, there was an uprising of slaves in the Haciendas Camba Abajo and Camba Arriba in
689:
683:
152:
1328:
1292:
880:
After a decade of French oppression, the Criollos of Santo Domingo led a revolution to restore Spanish domain in the colony. The most prominent leader of the movement was
955:
1415:
Descripción histórica de las antiguas haciendas, estancias y hatos que durante la era colonial española, existieron en partido de Los Ingenios de Nigua, hoy San Cristóbal
921:
and finally, after an extended siege of the city of Santo Domingo and significant collaboration from the English, in 1809, the French surrendered and began the period of
634:. The story began with a free black man named Dimini, who was declared captain of the insurrection of the revolt through a letter written by "San Fransua," as told by
619:
415:
390:
803:
752:, who was trying to take Spanish Santo Domingo. The agreement is known as the Treaty of Basel, because it was signed on July 22, 1795, in the Swiss city of Basel.
657:
740:
issued an invasion of Santo Domingo to secure French rule on the island. This would be the first Haitian invasion to Santo Domingo in the history of the island.
1927:
2953:
2412:
626:
2063:
1795:
1472:
1399:
1030:
participants are mentioned in the first and last, the fears and expectations associated with the looming revolutionary made by the French are recognized.
1441:
526:
890:
610:, the influence of the French Revolution that brought new ideas and a liberating speech. With this background, the conspiracies of this first moment
2287:
2016:
1678:
1673:
72:
767:
On January 25, 1801, Toussaint Louverture's forces defeated the Spanish forces, commanded by Governor Joaquín García y Moreno, in the area of the
2958:
2893:
1761:
2544:
914:"desiring for trade to be opened between the two colonies, regarding the peace and union that reigns between the Dominicans and the Haitians."
901:, there were important contacts between Dominican and Haitian leaders in view of the fact that Haiti had been divided into two parts in 1806:
2938:
2933:
2908:
1856:
1851:
1800:
1571:
2133:
2123:
1846:
1756:
1612:
1510:
274:
1418:
2903:
1880:
2948:
2943:
2898:
1945:
1917:
1907:
1663:
2534:
2347:
1739:
1698:
1693:
1648:
2056:
1834:
1465:
706:
French people who left in defense of the accused can be interpreted in his description of the day the sentence was handed down:
1960:
1897:
1839:
1746:
1622:
2402:
574:
from launching an invasion of the French side of the island in 1793, attempting to take advantage of the chaos sparked by the
1766:
1095:
638:, who since 1792 fought against France under the flag of Spain. The slave Thomas, one of the Insurgents involved, affirmed:
2549:
931:
Ironically, the Dominicans had gone to war against the French to restore Spanish rule to Santo Domingo just as the rest of
1252:(Autos seguidos sobre la insurrección pretendida por los negros esclavos en Hincha". Santo Domingo, 26 de marzo de 1793".
828:
2913:
1902:
1866:
1751:
1683:
1643:
1631:
1539:
995:
936:
898:
871:
631:
2918:
2417:
2220:
2049:
1922:
1790:
1785:
1729:
1712:
1561:
1505:
1458:
472:
395:
2646:
2444:
2009:
1937:
1861:
1814:
1724:
1490:
450:
58:
2883:
2828:
2683:
2529:
2407:
2352:
2215:
1990:
1985:
1955:
1734:
1061:
590:
134:
1113:"Quarantine in the Fort Ozama Dungeon: The Control of Prostitution and Venereal Disease in the Dominican Republic"
2928:
2923:
2888:
1980:
1892:
1668:
1653:
521:, the Captaincy General was divided into two separate departments, each with its own governor and autonomy, the
2973:
2968:
2963:
1970:
594:
849:
562:
number of Dominicans also became privateers. The Dominican privateer Lorenzo Daniel became the scourge of the
2641:
2594:
2584:
2569:
2392:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2093:
1975:
1773:
1566:
1000:
840:
808:
2833:
2579:
2499:
2382:
2230:
694:
2858:
2509:
2479:
2025:
2688:
2651:
2599:
2494:
2474:
2469:
2449:
2260:
2165:
1965:
1112:
2818:
2783:
2778:
2489:
2337:
2030:
1778:
1576:
1556:
1551:
987:
894:
881:
586:
538:
496:
635:
967:
820:
563:
504:
2813:
251:
2788:
2773:
2574:
2454:
1499:
854:
508:
1239:
2624:
2072:
1517:
918:
745:
488:
225:
78:
2464:
910:
brought by Brigadier Jose Campos Tavares who expressed that he wanted do this service to King
2723:
2342:
2240:
2235:
1085:
1051:
797:
468:
512:
French settlers and the return of some emigrants barely attenuated this population decline.
2713:
2636:
2604:
2332:
2170:
2103:
1522:
1090:. Baltimore, Maryland, U. S. A.: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 63.
949:
749:
737:
293:
660:, in November 1795, indicated his concern about the presence of French commissioners who:
8:
2838:
2808:
2803:
2589:
2504:
2459:
2312:
1602:
728:
571:
542:
232:
36:
1160:
782:
When the news reached Santo Domingo, the Spanish had managed to drive the French out of
2798:
2609:
2397:
2387:
2357:
2292:
2210:
2128:
1481:
1232:
961:
844:
607:
433:
305:
1591:
939:, following two invasions by the Haitians, had left the colony completely devastated.
108:
2793:
2718:
1912:
1132:
1091:
1057:
575:
550:
32:
1527:
2631:
2160:
1597:
1128:
1124:
932:
906:
902:
522:
670:
2823:
2768:
2619:
2614:
2322:
2225:
1587:
876:
816:
99:
928:
Santo Domingo would be de jure returned to Spain in the Treaty of Paris (1815).
917:
Sanchez Ramirez successfully led the Dominican troops against the French in the
2748:
2698:
2327:
2317:
2098:
1826:
1154:
579:
546:
484:
476:
1545:
1450:
922:
624:
The state of anxiety and fear had remained everpresent since the incidents of
408:
2877:
2703:
2484:
1950:
1136:
911:
733:
64:
2041:
2733:
2728:
566:, from whom he proceeded to plunder 70 merchant ships as well as warships.
857:
lead a campaign of 20,000 soldiers in an attempt to drive the French out.
798:
Deposition of Toussaint and uprising of Camba Abajo and Camba Arriba: 1802
2738:
2205:
853:
Having learned of the French presence in the eastern part of the island,
776:
768:
761:
554:
2539:
1658:
935:
was preparing to renounce Spanish colonialism. Moreover, the so-called
787:
480:
2693:
2678:
783:
2743:
1087:
Encountering Revolution: Haiti and the Making of the Early Republic
582:(July 22, 1795) in order to get the French to withdraw from Spain.
263:
2708:
819:
gave way to a new French dominion of the Spanish Part. Historian
815:
A year later, in 1802, an invasion of the Napoleonic army led by
147:
89:
1174:
Roorda, Eric Paul; Derby, Lauren H.; González, Raymundo (2014).
1607:
772:
441:
698:
the sound of Liberty and the extermination of the whites.”
1269:("Regente de Audencia sobre entrega de la isla a Francia."
757:
349:
337:
47:
43:
1176:
The Dominican Republic Reader: History, Culture, Politics
1056:(3rd ed.). Hong Kong: Reed International Books Ltd.
464:
460:
141:("Let's ensure the salvation of the Empire") (unofficial)
16:
French rule in the Dominican Republic (1795–1815 de jure)
1380:("Sublevación de negros de la Hacienda de Boca-Nigua."
1367:("Sublevación de negros de la Hacienda de Boca-Nigua."
1354:("Sublevación de negros de la Hacienda de Boca-Nigua."
1341:("Sublevación de negros de la Hacienda de Boca-Nigua."
1305:("Sublevación de negros de la Hacienda de Boca-Nigua."
503:
invasions perpetrated by Haitian forces commanded by
1413:
Reyes, Félix (1994). "San Cristóbal y su Historia".
1193:. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 174.
977:
1173:
834:
723:
1231:
515:During this time, it was also referred to as the
2875:
1327:] (in Spanish). Vol. 2. Santo Domingo:
1291:] (in Spanish). Vol. 2. Santo Domingo:
1234:The Cambridge History of Latin America: Volume 3
677:
479:and briefly came to acquire the whole island of
1480:
1431:
1256:, leg. 4, signatura 43, doc 32 (en lo adelante
1191:Historical Dictionary of the Dominican Republic
650:
445:Seal of the French department of Santo-Domingo
2071:
2057:
1466:
2086:
1148:
1146:
613:
467:" or "French Period") occurred in 1795 when
132:
106:
94:Map of the Captaincy of Santo Domingo (1815)
2954:18th century in the Colony of Santo Domingo
2064:
2050:
1473:
1459:
1398:(in Spanish). Vol. 1. Santo Domingo:
1152:
88:
1396:Compendio de la Historia de Santo Domingo
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1143:
1049:
1419:Banco Central de la República Dominicana
1321:La esclavitud del negro en Santo Domingo
1285:La esclavitid del negro en Santo Domingo
1043:
942:
875:
848:
807:
727:
440:
1238:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
1229:
1203:
1159:. New York: Macmillan Company. p.
545:. The French colony was given the name
182:48,671 km (18,792 sq mi)
172:76,192 km (29,418 sq mi)
2959:19th century in the Dominican Republic
2894:Colonial government in the West Indies
2876:
1393:
1212:
1188:
1156:Santo Domingo: a Country with a Future
905:in the South and East Departments and
865:
600:
24:Capitainerie générale de Santo Domingo
2671:
2437:
2280:
2153:
2045:
1454:
1440:] (in Spanish). Ciudad Trujillo:
1412:
1318:
1282:
1178:. Duke University Press. p. 112.
1083:
2495:Second Franco-Dahomean War (1892–94)
1110:
893:, and in the east, from the rancher
718:
114:("Song of the Departure") (official)
2939:1800s in the French colonial empire
2934:1790s in the French colonial empire
2909:French colonization of the Americas
2510:Voulet–Chanoine Mission (1898–1900)
2500:Second Madagascar expedition (1895)
996:Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo
872:Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo
13:
1572:Spanish occupation 1861–1865
539:of the western part of the island
473:Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
396:Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
14:
2985:
2904:Former countries in the Caribbean
2470:French conquest of Senegal (1854)
495:province as a consequence of the
451:history of the Dominican Republic
2949:1800s in the Spanish West Indies
2944:1790s in the Spanish West Indies
2899:Former colonies in North America
2859:Ouvéa cave hostage taking (1988)
2550:Intervention in Mexico (1861–67)
2490:First Franco-Dahomean War (1890)
2383:Burma–France relations (1729–56)
1621:
980:
835:Failed invasion from Haiti: 1805
724:Invasion of Toussaint Louverture
413:
388:
118:
71:
57:
2724:Tunisian independence (1952–56)
2505:Menalamba rebellion (1895-1903)
2343:French and Indian War (1754–60)
1582:U.S. occupation 1916–1924
1425:
1406:
1387:
1374:
1361:
1348:
1335:
1312:
1299:
1276:
1263:
1246:
1111:Lord, Rebecca (December 2003).
1023:
684:1796 Boca de Nigua slave revolt
2774:Holy Man's Rebellion (1901–36)
2714:Kongo-Wara rebellion (1928–31)
2605:Cochinchina Campaign (1858–62)
2358:Haitian Revolution (1791–1804)
1432:Sánchez Ramírez, Juan (1957).
1325:Black slavery in Santo Domingo
1319:Dieve, Carlos Esteban (1980).
1289:Black Slavery in Santo Domingo
1283:Deive, Carlos Esteban (1980).
1273:, Sevilla, Estado, 13, No. 15)
1206:Latin America's Wars: Volume 1
1197:
1182:
1167:
1129:10.1080/00086495.2003.11829644
1104:
1077:
1013:
1:
2839:First Indochina War (1946–54)
2590:Franco-Tahitian War (1844–47)
1417:(in Spanish). Santo Domingo:
1394:García, José Gabriel (1982).
1384:. Estado, 5B, N. 202, p. 11.)
1371:. Estado, 5B, N. 202, p. 10.)
1037:
1001:Siege of Santo Domingo (1805)
841:Siege of Santo Domingo (1805)
678:Boca de Nigua Rebellion: 1796
541:was officially recognized by
537:In 1665, French colonization
532:
135:Veillons au salut de l'Empire
2652:Franco-Siamese crisis (1893)
2236:King William's War (1689–97)
1358:. Estado, 5B, N. 202, p. 7.)
1345:. Estado, 5B, N. 202, p. 6.)
1309:. Estado, 5B, N. 202, p. 5.)
651:Samana slave rebellion: 1795
7:
2719:Malagasy Uprising (1947–48)
2545:Argentina–Uruguay (1845–50)
2418:Egypt and Syria (1798–1801)
2333:King George's War (1744–48)
1329:Museo del Hombre Dominicano
1293:Museo del Hombre Dominicano
1204:Scheina, Robert L. (2003).
973:
10:
2990:
2914:Military history of France
2600:French conquest of Vietnam
2313:Queen Anne's War (1702–13)
1189:Roorda, Eric Paul (2016).
956:Antoine Nicolas Kerverseau
869:
838:
801:
681:
617:
26:Capitania de Santo Domingo
2919:Military history of Spain
2851:
2824:Franco-Thai War (1940–41)
2761:
2664:
2620:Sino-French War (1884–85)
2615:Tonkin Campaign (1883–86)
2562:
2535:Río de la Plata (1838–40)
2522:
2430:
2375:
2363:Santo Domingo (1795–1809)
2305:
2273:
2253:
2198:
2146:
2116:
2079:
2073:French colonial conflicts
2003:
1936:
1888:
1879:
1822:
1813:
1720:
1711:
1639:
1630:
1619:
1557:Unification of Hispaniola
1489:
1271:Archivo General de Indias
1153:Schoenrich, Otto (1918).
988:Dominican Republic portal
732:After his victory in the
614:Rebellion in Hincha: 1793
497:French Revolutionary Wars
429:
367:
363:
359:
355:
343:
331:
327:
319:
315:
311:
299:
287:
283:
273:
269:
257:
245:
241:
231:
219:
212:
208:
198:
194:
186:
176:
166:
158:
146:
105:
98:
87:
53:
42:
31:
23:
2699:Volta-Bani War (1915–16)
2563:Asia & Pacific Ocean
2318:Chickasaw Wars (1721–52)
1434:Diario de la Reconquista
1254:Archivo Nacional de Cuba
1230:Bethell, Leslie (1984).
1053:Napoleon's Overseas Army
1050:Chartrand, René (1996).
1006:
968:Joseph-David de Barquier
632:Dominican-Haitian border
620:1793 Hincha slave revolt
333:• Treaty of Basels
2884:Colony of Santo Domingo
2834:South Vietnam (1945–46)
2704:Kaocen revolt (1916–17)
2632:Second Opium War (1860)
2625:North Vietnam (1886–96)
2610:North Vietnam (1873–74)
2413:East Indies (1793–1801)
2348:North America (1778–83)
2216:North America (1627–29)
2206:Beaver Wars (1609–1701)
1438:Diary of the Reconquest
855:Jean-Jacques Dessalines
804:1802 Gamba slave revolt
695:Joaquin Garcia y Moreno
690:largest slave rebellion
688:In 1796, there was the
509:Jean-Jacques Dessalines
345:• Treaty of Paris
2929:1800s in the Caribbean
2924:1790s in the Caribbean
2889:Former French colonies
2769:Boxer Rebellion (1901)
2734:Cameroon War (1955–64)
2729:Algerian War (1954–62)
2647:Leewards War (1888–97)
2445:Indian Ocean (1809–11)
2323:Dummer's War (1721–25)
2226:Carib Expulsion (1660)
1518:Devastations of Osorio
919:Battle of Palo Hincado
885:
858:
812:
741:
712:
666:
658:Jose Antonio de Urizar
644:
636:Jean-François Papillon
446:
133:
107:
2974:1795 in the Caribbean
2969:19th century in Haiti
2964:18th century in Haiti
2749:Bizerte crisis (1961)
2580:Philippines (1844–45)
2530:West Indies (1804–10)
2485:Ivory Coast (1883–98)
2408:East Indies (1778–83)
2338:Nova Scotia (1749–55)
2328:Natchez revolt (1729)
2288:West Africa (1758–63)
2221:West Indies (1635–59)
2094:South Carolina (1562)
1084:White, Ashli (2010).
943:Governors (1801–1809)
879:
870:Further information:
852:
839:Further information:
811:
802:Further information:
731:
708:
662:
640:
618:Further information:
505:Toussaint L'ouverture
444:
252:Jean-François Rewbell
2241:Santo Domingo (1691)
1928:Water and sanitation
950:Toussaint Louverture
895:Juan Sánchez Ramírez
882:Juan Sánchez Ramírez
750:Toussaint Louverture
738:Toussaint Louverture
518:French Santo Domingo
463:of France", "French
294:Toussaint Louverture
2694:Zaian War (1914–21)
2679:Wadai War (1906–11)
2455:Algeria (1835–1903)
2403:Vietnam (1777–1820)
2353:Caribbean (1778–83)
1740:Chamber of Deputies
1603:Dominican Civil War
1567:War of Independence
1421:. pp. 111–114.
1402:. pp. 295–296.
1117:Caribbean Quarterly
866:Reconquest by Spain
821:José Gabriel García
601:Slave insurrections
572:Charles IV of Spain
2744:Ifni War (1957–58)
2739:Suez Crisis (1956)
1857:Telecommunications
1540:Spanish reconquest
1511:Colonial governors
1482:Dominican Republic
962:Jean-Louis Ferrand
886:
859:
845:Beheadings of Moca
813:
742:
627:El Negro Comegente
608:Haitian Revolution
483:by the way of the
475:, annexed it into
447:
434:Dominican Republic
306:Jean-Louis Ferrand
2871:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2847:
2846:
2814:Vietnam (1930–31)
2799:Cilicia (1920–21)
2789:Vietnam (1918–21)
2784:Vietnam (1917–18)
2757:
2756:
2709:Rif War (1920–26)
2689:Morocco (1911–12)
2684:Casablanca (1907)
2660:
2659:
2558:
2557:
2518:
2517:
2480:Madagascar (1883)
2450:Algeria (1830–47)
2426:
2425:
2371:
2370:
2301:
2300:
2269:
2268:
2249:
2248:
2194:
2193:
2166:Senegal (1659–77)
2142:
2141:
2112:
2111:
2099:Florida (1562–65)
2039:
2038:
1999:
1998:
1875:
1874:
1809:
1808:
1796:Political parties
1757:Foreign relations
1707:
1706:
1613:COVID-19 pandemic
1400:Central de Libros
1097:978-0-8018-9415-2
937:War of Reconquest
899:War of Reconquest
719:French occupation
576:French Revolution
551:Treaty of Ryswick
439:
438:
425:
424:
421:
420:
401:
400:
301:• 1808–1809
289:• 1801–1802
259:• 1804–1815
247:• 1795–1799
226:Captaincy General
221: • Type
126:
33:Captaincy General
2981:
2849:
2848:
2829:Indochina (1945)
2759:
2758:
2669:
2668:
2560:
2559:
2540:Mexico (1838–39)
2520:
2519:
2435:
2434:
2373:
2372:
2303:
2302:
2278:
2277:
2251:
2250:
2211:Brazil (1612–15)
2196:
2195:
2171:Djidjelli (1664)
2151:
2150:
2134:Brazil (1590–04)
2129:Brazil (1555–67)
2114:
2113:
2084:
2083:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2043:
2042:
2019:
2012:
1886:
1885:
1830:
1820:
1819:
1718:
1717:
1637:
1636:
1625:
1598:Parsley massacre
1475:
1468:
1461:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1445:
1442:Editora Montalvo
1429:
1423:
1422:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1391:
1385:
1378:
1372:
1365:
1359:
1352:
1346:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1316:
1310:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1280:
1274:
1267:
1261:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1237:
1227:
1210:
1209:
1208:. Potomac Books.
1201:
1195:
1194:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1150:
1141:
1140:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1047:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1017:
990:
985:
984:
983:
933:Hispanic America
907:Henri Christophe
903:Alexandre Petion
527:Ozama Department
523:Cibao Department
453:, the period of
417:
416:
405:
404:
392:
391:
385:
384:
369:
368:
275:Governor-General
222:
138:
128:
127:
112:
92:
75:
61:
21:
20:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2863:
2843:
2804:Syria (1925–27)
2794:Syria (1919–21)
2753:
2656:
2637:Japan (1863–64)
2570:Moluccas (1810)
2554:
2514:
2422:
2398:India (1756–63)
2393:India (1749–54)
2388:India (1746–48)
2367:
2297:
2265:
2245:
2231:Texas (1685–89)
2190:
2138:
2108:
2075:
2070:
2040:
2035:
2022:
2015:
2008:
1995:
1932:
1918:Public holidays
1871:
1828:
1805:
1703:
1679:Protected areas
1654:Ciudad Colonial
1626:
1617:
1592:Héctor Trujillo
1577:Restoration War
1485:
1479:
1449:
1430:
1426:
1411:
1407:
1392:
1388:
1379:
1375:
1366:
1362:
1353:
1349:
1340:
1336:
1317:
1313:
1304:
1300:
1281:
1277:
1268:
1264:
1251:
1247:
1228:
1213:
1202:
1198:
1187:
1183:
1172:
1168:
1151:
1144:
1109:
1105:
1098:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1034:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1009:
986:
981:
979:
976:
945:
891:Ciriaco Ramirez
874:
868:
847:
837:
817:Charles Leclerc
806:
800:
746:Treaty of Basel
726:
721:
686:
680:
653:
622:
616:
603:
580:Treaty of Basel
535:
485:Treaty of Basel
414:
389:
346:
334:
302:
290:
260:
248:
220:
201:
179:
169:
142:
140:
130:
129:
119:
115:
113:
109:Chant du départ
93:
83:
82:
81:
76:
68:
67:
62:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2987:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2855:
2853:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2819:Vietnam (1940)
2816:
2811:
2809:Vietnam (1930)
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2779:Vietnam (1916)
2776:
2771:
2765:
2763:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2597:
2595:Tourane (1856)
2592:
2587:
2585:Tourane (1847)
2582:
2577:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2475:Tunisia (1881)
2472:
2467:
2462:
2460:Morocco (1844)
2457:
2452:
2447:
2441:
2439:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2379:
2377:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2293:Morocco (1765)
2290:
2284:
2282:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2261:Siam (1687–90)
2257:
2255:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2202:
2200:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2186:Algiers (1688)
2183:
2181:Algiers (1683)
2178:
2176:Algiers (1682)
2173:
2168:
2163:
2161:Morocco (1629)
2157:
2155:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2120:
2118:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2104:Florida (1568)
2101:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2069:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2046:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2021:
2020:
2013:
2005:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1942:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1832:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1727:
1721:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1674:Municipalities
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1586:Trujillo Era (
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1542:
1537:
1534:Era de Francia
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1503:
1495:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1484: articles
1478:
1477:
1470:
1463:
1455:
1448:
1447:
1444:. p. 279.
1424:
1405:
1386:
1373:
1360:
1347:
1334:
1331:. p. 472.
1311:
1298:
1295:. p. 471.
1275:
1262:
1245:
1211:
1196:
1181:
1166:
1142:
1103:
1096:
1076:
1062:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1022:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1003:
998:
992:
991:
975:
972:
971:
970:
964:
958:
952:
944:
941:
867:
864:
836:
833:
799:
796:
725:
722:
720:
717:
682:Main article:
679:
676:
652:
649:
615:
612:
602:
599:
549:. In the 1697
547:Saint-Domingue
534:
531:
477:Saint-Domingue
456:Era de Francia
437:
436:
431:
427:
426:
423:
422:
419:
418:
411:
402:
399:
398:
393:
381:
380:
375:
365:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:
353:
352:
347:
344:
341:
340:
335:
332:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
317:
316:
313:
312:
309:
308:
303:
300:
297:
296:
291:
288:
285:
284:
281:
280:
277:
271:
270:
267:
266:
261:
258:
255:
254:
249:
246:
243:
242:
239:
238:
235:
229:
228:
223:
217:
216:
214:
210:
209:
206:
205:
202:
199:
196:
195:
192:
191:
188:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
150:
144:
143:
117:
116:
103:
102:
96:
95:
85:
84:
77:
70:
69:
63:
56:
55:
54:
51:
50:
40:
39:
29:
28:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2986:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2667:
2663:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2433:
2429:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2124:Brazil (1531)
2122:
2121:
2119:
2117:South America
2115:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:North America
2085:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2067:
2062:
2060:
2055:
2053:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1624:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1562:La Trinitaria
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1552:Spanish Haiti
1550:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1506:Santo Domingo
1504:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1476:
1471:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1420:
1416:
1409:
1401:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1377:
1370:
1364:
1357:
1351:
1344:
1338:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1302:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1266:
1259:
1255:
1249:
1241:
1236:
1235:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1207:
1200:
1192:
1185:
1177:
1170:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1149:
1147:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1107:
1099:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1080:
1065:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1046:
1042:
1026:
1016:
1012:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
993:
989:
978:
969:
965:
963:
959:
957:
953:
951:
947:
946:
940:
938:
934:
929:
926:
924:
920:
915:
913:
912:Ferdinand VII
908:
904:
900:
897:. During the
896:
892:
883:
878:
873:
863:
856:
851:
846:
842:
832:
830:
829:San Cristóbal
825:
822:
818:
810:
805:
795:
791:
789:
785:
780:
778:
774:
770:
765:
763:
759:
753:
751:
747:
739:
735:
734:War of Knives
730:
716:
711:
707:
703:
699:
696:
691:
685:
675:
672:
665:
661:
659:
648:
643:
639:
637:
633:
629:
628:
621:
611:
609:
598:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
573:
567:
565:
559:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
530:
528:
524:
520:
519:
513:
510:
506:
500:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
471:acquired the
470:
466:
462:
458:
457:
452:
443:
435:
432:
430:Today part of
428:
412:
410:
407:
406:
403:
397:
394:
387:
386:
383:
382:
379:
376:
374:
371:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
351:
348:
342:
339:
336:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
307:
304:
298:
295:
292:
286:
282:
278:
276:
272:
268:
265:
262:
256:
253:
250:
244:
240:
236:
234:
230:
227:
224:
218:
215:
211:
207:
203:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
175:
171:
165:
161:
157:
154:
151:
149:
145:
139:
137:
136:
111:
110:
104:
101:
97:
91:
86:
80:
74:
66:
60:
52:
49:
45:
41:
38:
34:
30:
22:
19:
2665:20th century
2642:Korea (1866)
2431:19th century
2362:
2274:18th century
2147:17th century
2080:16th century
1961:Coat of arms
1898:Demographics
1840:Central Bank
1762:Human rights
1747:Constitution
1544:
1533:
1532:
1498:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1414:
1408:
1395:
1389:
1381:
1376:
1368:
1363:
1355:
1350:
1342:
1337:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1306:
1301:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1270:
1265:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1233:
1205:
1199:
1190:
1184:
1175:
1169:
1155:
1123:(4): 12–29.
1120:
1116:
1106:
1086:
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
1063:085045-900-1
1052:
1045:
1025:
1015:
930:
927:
916:
887:
860:
826:
814:
792:
781:
766:
754:
743:
713:
709:
704:
700:
687:
667:
663:
654:
645:
641:
625:
623:
604:
584:
568:
560:
536:
517:
516:
514:
501:
492:
491:to cede the
455:
454:
448:
378:Succeeded by
377:
372:
200:• 1804
131:
18:
2575:Java (1811)
2465:Salé (1851)
1779:enforcement
1767:LGBT rights
1546:España Boba
1523:Slave trade
923:España Boba
777:Switzerland
769:Nizao River
762:Puerto Rico
591:Puerto Rico
555:West Indies
487:, allowing
409:España Boba
373:Preceded by
178:• 1804
168:• 1795
2878:Categories
1976:Literature
1829:(currency)
1659:Hispaniola
1038:References
966:1808–1809
960:1803–1808
954:1802–1803
948:1801–1802
788:Las Caobas
744:Under the
736:, General
533:Background
481:Hispaniola
213:Government
187:Population
1903:Education
1867:Transport
1847:Companies
1801:President
1752:Elections
1684:Provinces
1669:Mountains
1632:Geography
1500:Cacicazgo
1137:0008-6495
1069:22 August
595:Venezuela
543:Louis XIV
233:President
153:Dominican
2523:Americas
2306:Americas
2199:Americas
2026:Category
1923:Religion
1913:Language
1791:Politics
1786:Military
1730:Congress
1713:Politics
1699:Wildlife
974:See also
525:and the
264:Napoleon
2852:Pacific
2010:Outline
1966:Cuisine
1938:Culture
1881:Society
1862:Tourism
1815:Economy
1725:Cabinet
1689:Regions
1664:Islands
1528:Maroons
1491:History
564:British
493:eastern
449:In the
320:History
204:126,000
148:Demonym
2672:Africa
2438:Africa
2281:Africa
2154:Africa
2031:Portal
1991:Sports
1986:People
1956:Cinema
1946:Anthem
1908:Health
1852:Energy
1735:Senate
1694:Rivers
1649:Cities
1644:Border
1608:DOMREP
1588:Rafael
1240:245–48
1135:
1094:
1060:
784:Bánica
671:Samaná
469:France
323:
279:
237:
190:
162:
100:Anthem
37:France
2017:Index
1981:Music
1893:Crime
1835:Banks
1827:Peso
1436:[
1323:[
1287:[
1007:Notes
773:Basel
593:, or
489:Spain
2762:Asia
2376:Asia
2254:Asia
1971:Flag
1590:and
1133:ISSN
1092:ISBN
1071:2014
1058:ISBN
843:and
786:and
760:and
758:Cuba
587:Cuba
507:and
350:1815
338:1795
159:Area
79:Seal
65:Flag
48:1815
44:1795
1951:Art
1774:Law
1382:AGI
1369:AGI
1356:AGI
1343:AGI
1307:AGI
1258:ANC
1125:doi
884:.
465:Era
461:Era
35:of
2880::
1214:^
1161:28
1145:^
1131:.
1121:49
1119:.
1115:.
775:,
589:,
529:.
499:.
459:("
2065:e
2058:t
2051:v
1594:)
1474:e
1467:t
1460:v
1260:)
1242:.
1163:.
1139:.
1127::
1100:.
1073:.
46:–
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_color.png)
