556:. It also repealed the act of incorporation for the Virginia church and took from the vestries the oversight of poor relief. Baptists and Presbyterians were proposing that all property of the colonial parishesβglebes, church buildings, church yards, communion silver, and Biblesβbe sold for the benefit of all Virginians. Even with a 1788 law confirming the Episcopal Church's rights to the colonial church's property and the repeal of all laws creating an established church in 1799, efforts to dis-endow the Episcopal Church continued. In 1801, the General Assembly passed a law authorizing county overseers of the poor to sell property of the former established church, using the money for education and the poor. As late as 1814, the General Assembly was still authorizing the sale of specific parishes' silver and bells, and in 1841, the
456:
or staring blankly into space. By 1740, the acute shortage of clergy was easing, and by 1776, there were more
Anglican clergy living in Virginia than there were parishes. Devout parishioners used the Book of Common Prayer for private prayer and devotion. This allowed devout Anglicans to lead an active and sincere religious life in addition to the formal church services. However the stress on private devotion weakened the need for a bishop or a large institutional church of the sort Blair wanted. The stress on personal piety opened the way for the
529:. The canons ensured that laity would participate in the trial of clergymen accused of misconduct and that bishops would have no authority except to oversee clerical conduct, perform confirmations and ordinations, and preside at the convention. At the second Virginia convention, in 1786, the Rev. David Griffith, who was both a surgeon and a priest, was elected to become the first Bishop of Virginia. He lacked the funds, however, to travel to England for his consecration, and in 1789, resigned his election, fell ill and died. The following year,
518:
passed an incorporation bill which placed the government of the
Protestant Episcopal Church in the hands of an annual convention with both lay and clerical representatives. However, the state continued to create new parishes and set parish boundaries, oversee vestry elections, and require county courts to review parish finances for several more years. For its part, the Episcopal Church continued to hold a monopoly on performing marriages.
489:. Clerical salaries were suspended and ended entirely in 1780. Thus for much of the war the Anglican Church faced an identity crisis. It was a state church controlled by a government refusing to fund it. The war also led to the breakdown of the vestry system as refugees strained parish resources and desperate vestrymen resigned or petitioned the state to dissolve their vestries.
45:
506:
aging continued to reduce the number of clergy. Reforms at the
College of William and Mary resulted in no place for Episcopal clergy to study for ordination. The clergy shortage deepened over time. When possible, worship continued in the usual fashion, but the local vestry was no longer the unit of local government and no longer handled tax money. The
198:
505:
became dominant ideas, the Church of
England was dis-established in Virginia. A few ministers were Loyalists and had returned to England. When it began organizing as a diocese after the Revolution about 50 Episcopal clergy were still active in the state. The lack of a steady means of pay and natural
455:
Ministers reported that the colonists were typically inattentive, uninterested, and bored during church services. According to the ministers' complaints, the people were sleeping, whispering, ogling the fashionably-dressed women, walking about and coming and going, or at best looking out the windows
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dominated, a radical departure from the
English system where rectors were nominated by parish patrons and usually held office for life. In Virginia, vestries, usually consisting of 12 wealthy men, could appoint and remove ministers. Colonial parishes were units of local government and social welfare
484:
in the process. Some were able to do this, but those who could not either resigned or withdrew from parish duties while continuing to provide pastoral care. There were calls for dis-establishment, but powerful church members resisted drastic change. In 1777, the legislature passed bills recognizing
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of 200 or 300 acres (1.2 km), a house, and perhaps some livestock. The vestry paid him an annual salary of 16,000 lb (7,300 kg). of tobacco, plus 20 shillings for every wedding and funeral. While not poor, the priests lived modestly and their opportunities for improvement were slim.
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After the war ended, Episcopalians (as
Anglicans were now calling themselves) recognized the need to be in control of their own church. In April 1784, a meeting of Virginia ministers asked the legislature to relinquish control over the church and to issue an act of incorporation. In October, it
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in 1624, it would face an acute and serious clergy shortage until the end of the 17th century. The shortage was fueled by an expanding population and insufficient clergy recruitment despite efforts to attract ministers by offering incentives, such as tax breaks. This forced parishes to rely on
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After the
Episcopal Church lost a challenge to the 1801 law, Bishop Madison focused on keeping the College of William and Mary going. Congestive heart failure made it difficult for Madison to travel, and the diocese suffered decline that lasted past Madison's death as once again the elected
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that the hierarchy of the
English Church would address the problems in America. Compton not only worked to improve the quality of the colony's ministers but appointed commissaries to act on his behalf. Commissaries could "summon the clergy, conduct visitations, administer oaths customary in
442:
In the 1740s the
Anglican church had about 70 parish priests around the colony. There was no bishop, and indeed, there was fierce political opposition to having a bishop in the colony. The Anglican priests were supervised directly by the distant
315:, and between 1607 and its dissolution in 1624, the company sent 22 ministers to the colony. These ministers were not only concerned for the spiritual lives of the colonists but also attempted (largely unsuccessfully) to convert the
399:, held the office for 54 years, from 1689 to his death in 1743. Blair was successful in establishing parishes in every county. He was also committed to educating colonial men for the ministry, establishing the
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ecclesiastical courts, and administer discipline or judicial proceedings to wayward clergy either by admonition, suspension, or excommunication" but could not ordain to the priesthood. The first
615:. In 2012, the diocese reclaimed legal access to Episcopal church properties that had been claimed by seven of the departing congregations, which included an unsuccessful appeal to the
77:
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emerged as a threat to the religious establishment. Baptists especially resented the privileged status of the
Anglican Church and laws requiring that the government license
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During the Civil War, West Virginia separated from Virginia and in 1877 that part of the Diocese of Virginia lying within the bounds of West Virginia became the
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parish, and cousin of the future president of the same name, was elected to become the first Bishop of Virginia, traveled to England and was consecrated.
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379:. Vestries were in charge of road maintenance, presented moral offenders to the county courts, and determined the legal bounds of an individual's land.
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and camp center. The diocese also operates the Virginia Diocesan Center at Roslyn in western Richmond, a conference center overlooking the James River.
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447:, who paid little attention. Each county court gave tax money to the local vestry, composed of prominent layman. The vestry provided the priest a
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as some conservative congregations withdrew from the diocese and the national Episcopal Church. Many of these congregations formed the Anglican
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in 1693. Compton's attention brought stability to Virginia's church and by 1703 nearly 80 percent of Virginia's 50 parishes had ministers.
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led the rebuilding of the diocese. The opening of the Virginia Theological Seminary in Alexandria in 1823, under the guidance of
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agencies. In addition to paying the minister's salary and building churches, the parish levy provided the vestry with funding for
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first met in 1619, it passed a series of laws concerning the church, including formally designating the Church of England as the
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dioceses, with origins in colonial Virginia. As of 2018, the diocese has 16 regions with 68,902 members and 180 congregations.
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functions, such as outlining the responsibilities of clergymen and providing for their financial maintenance. It created a
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where Mayo Memorial Church House, the diocesan offices, is located. The diocese does not have a conventional
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was a difficult time for the Anglican Church in America. Clergymen were divided between allegiance to their
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The first convention was held May 1785. It elected a standing committee, elected deputies to the first
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514:), was elected in 1790 as the first Episcopal Bishop of Virginia and slowly rebuilt the denomination.
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George William Pilcher, "The Pamphlet War On The Proposed Virginia Anglican Episcopate, 1767-1775,"
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575:(who ultimately but briefly succeeded Madison as president of the College of William and Mary) and
271:, the largest accredited Episcopal seminary in the United States, is located within the diocese in
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ordered each settlement to set aside a house or room as a place to hold regular worship services.
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579:(who later succeeded Moore) provided the diocese with the source of clergy it needed to rebuild.
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434:. By the 1750s and 1760s, however, the Church of England in Virginia was stable and prosperous.
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Edward L. Bond and Joan R. Gundersen (2007), "The Episcopal Church in Virginia, 1607-2007",
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Edward L. Bond and Joan R. Gundersen (2007), "The Episcopal Church in Virginia, 1607-2007",
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Journal of the Annual Council of the Protestant Episcopal Church of the Diocese of Virginia
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480:. As public officials, ministers were required to swear loyalty to the state, breaking the
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599:) in 1919. The boundaries of the Diocese of Virginia have remained unchanged since 1892.
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church but rather an open-air cathedral, the Cathedral Shrine of the Transfiguration at
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Edward L. Bond, "Anglican theology and devotion in James Blair's Virginia, 1685-1743,"
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movement within the established church, much of which would eventually be absorbed by
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of the 1740s, the Church of England faced few challenges apart from small groups of
1195:"Property Recovery Litigation 2006 - 2014 | the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia"
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Jacob M. Blosser, "Irreverent Empire: Anglican Inattention in an Atlantic World,"
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make the dangerous trip to and from England. It also meant children could not be
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the church's right to its property and the right of the clergy to occupy the
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395:, Henry Clayton, arrived in 1684 but left two years later. His successor,
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to lead prayers and read published sermons. The absence of North American
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236:. The diocese was organized in 1785 and is one of the Episcopal Church's
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894:(1994β1998), named director of the Office of Pastoral Development
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These are the bishops who have served the Diocese of Virginia:
367:
344:
1022:"Regional Structures | the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia"
942:, Assistant (2011-2017), subsequently visiting bishop (-2021-)
607:
In recent decades, the diocese has experienced the effects of
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355:, which meant (prior to 1662) that they could not receive
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of the colony. To keep pace with the colony's growth, the
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ruled in a case involving the seizure of a parish glebe.
460:, which pulled people away from the established church.
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1098:
Historical Magazine of the Protestant Episcopal Church,
591:. In 1892, The southern part of the diocese became the
359:, although many clergymen overlooked this requirement.
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came to Virginia in 1607 with the settlers who founded
1221:"Our Bishops | the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia"
1129:
1068:
994:"Visitations | the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia"
1168:"Who We Are | the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia"
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Church and state in Revolutionary Virginia, 1776-1787
139:
Cathedral Shrine of the Transfiguration (Shrine Mont)
16:
Diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States
2122:Province 3 of the Episcopal Church (United States)
1008:"History | the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia"
936:(1995-2012), subsequently visiting bishop (-2021-)
525:of the Episcopal Church in September, and created
311:instructed them to adhere to the practices of the
2112:Anglican dioceses established in the 18th century
952:(2012-2018), Ecclesiastical Authority (2018-2022)
2117:Dioceses of the Episcopal Church (United States)
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1060:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1042:. Archived from the original on December 6, 2019
426:ministers. The Great Awakening also inspired an
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259:, which was consecrated in 1925. Shrine Mont in
230:Episcopal Church in the United States of America
285:History of the Episcopal Church (United States)
1288:Provinces and dioceses of the Episcopal Church
595:, and from that diocese, another emerged (the
1272:
1036:"Table of Statistics of the Episcopal Church"
975:http://www.thediocese.net/who-we-are/history/
757:(1927β1943), elected presiding bishop in 1938
362:In this vacuum, the legislature assumed some
1182:Virginia Magazine of History & Biography
1085:Virginia Magazine of History & Biography
2127:Religious organizations established in 1785
1210:. Morehouse Publishing: New York, NY (2005)
1124:Virginia Magazine of History and Biography,
28:
1279:
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544:In 1786, the Virginia Assembly passed the
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43:
833:(1970β1972), elected bishop coadjutor of
686:, Assistant (1883β1892); named bishop of
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2094:
1113:Sept 2008, Vol. 77 Issue 3, pp 596-628
546:Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom
1963:Armed Services and Federal Ministries
1260:
1144:Bond and Gundersen (2007), Chapter 2.
347:necessitated that colonists desiring
510:(1749β1812) (a cousin of politician
497:After the American Revolution, when
202:Location of the Diocese of Virginia
13:
783:(1942β1951), assistant (1951β1968)
14:
2138:
1230:
1126:1996, Vol. 104 Issue 3, pp 313-40
1100:1961, Vol. 30 Issue 4, pp 266-279
602:
564:candidate declined the position.
558:Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals
414:. During the Awakening, however,
597:Diocese of Southwestern Virginia
2107:1785 establishments in Virginia
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263:is also the site of a diocesan
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503:separation of church and state
1:
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463:
370:system in 1642-1643 that was
290:Church of England in Virginia
269:Virginia Theological Seminary
2102:Episcopal Church in Virginia
593:Diocese of Southern Virginia
508:Right Reverend James Madison
7:
1208:The Episcopal Church Annual
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613:Diocese of the Mid-Atlantic
535:College of William and Mary
401:College of William and Mary
321:Virginia's General Assembly
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334:After Virginia was made a
296:Religion in early Virginia
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1458:Northwestern Pennsylvania
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924:Shannon Sherwood Johnston
914:Shannon Sherwood Johnston
811:Robert Fisher Gibson, Jr.
787:Robert Fisher Gibson, Jr.
693:John Brockenbrough Newton
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958:, Assistant (2019-2022)
956:Jennifer Brooke-Davidson
801:Samuel Blackwell Chilton
589:Diocese of West Virginia
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261:Orkney Springs, Virginia
2078:38.503338Β°N 77.896835Β°W
910:, Assistant (1999β2007)
884:, Assistant (1989β1993)
755:Henry St. George Tucker
745:Henry St. George Tucker
678:Francis McNeece Whittle
674:, Assistant (1867β1876)
672:Francis McNeece Whittle
662:, Assistant (1842β1862)
650:, Assistant (1829β1841)
619:by Anglican members at
583:Civil War and aftermath
533:, the president of the
73:Ecclesiastical province
1607:Western North Carolina
1184:115, no. 2: Chapter 5.
1087:115, no. 2: Chapter 1.
882:Robert Poland Atkinson
856:David Henry Lewis, Jr.
713:Robert Atkinson Gibson
703:Robert Atkinson Gibson
684:Alfred Magill Randolph
642:Richard Channing Moore
573:William Holland Wilmer
569:Richard Channing Moore
224:is the second largest
29:
2083:38.503338; -77.896835
1478:Southwestern Virginia
1335:Western Massachusetts
908:Francis Campbell Gray
493:Postwar Episcopalians
458:First Great Awakening
307:. The charter of the
30:DiΕcesis Virginiensis
1972:Former jurisdictions
1597:Upper South Carolina
1438:Central Pennsylvania
771:Frederick D. Goodwin
761:Frederick D. Goodwin
739:William Cabell Brown
729:William Cabell Brown
609:Anglican realignment
273:Alexandria, Virginia
2074: /
1868:Northern California
1153:Thomas E. Buckley,
1040:episcopalchurch.org
940:Edwin F. Gulick Jr.
888:F. Clayton Matthews
719:Arthur Selden Lloyd
499:freedom of religion
470:American Revolution
222:Diocese of Virginia
23:Diocese of Virginia
1927:Dominican Republic
1915:(Lat. Am., Carib.)
1527:Central Gulf Coast
523:General Convention
325:established church
158:Current leadership
2057:
2056:
1799:Western Louisiana
1656:Northern Michigan
1587:Southwest Florida
1582:Southeast Florida
1473:Southern Virginia
1252:Online Books Page
962:E. Mark Stevenson
930:David Colin Jones
898:David Colin Jones
850:Robert Bruce Hall
840:John Alfred Baden
827:Philip Alan Smith
817:Robert Bruce Hall
688:Southern Virginia
567:The next Bishop,
552:and supported by
482:Oath of Supremacy
382:It was not until
313:Church of England
218:
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183:(Visiting Bishop)
179:David Colin Jones
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167:E. Mark Stevenson
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1994:Eastern Michigan
1651:Northern Indiana
1414:Western New York
1359:Central New York
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1572:North Carolina
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1537:East Tennessee
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1409:Virgin Islands
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309:London Company
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1784:West Missouri
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835:New Hampshire
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648:William Meade
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636:James Madison
634:
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624:
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617:Supreme Court
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574:
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554:James Madison
551:
548:, written by
547:
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531:James Madison
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416:Presbyterians
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384:Henry Compton
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108:65,056 (2021)
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65:United States
62:
58:
53:
46:
41:
37:
34:
31:
20:
2059:
1740:Province VII
1725:South Dakota
1720:North Dakota
1636:Indianapolis
1482:
1463:Pennsylvania
1426:(Washington)
1424:Province III
1325:Rhode Island
1245:
1215:
1207:
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1044:. Retrieved
1039:
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988:
695:, Assistant/
630:
606:
586:
566:
562:
543:
537:, rector of
520:
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467:
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336:royal colony
333:
299:
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221:
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182:
174:
131:May 18, 1785
118:Denomination
84:Subdivisions
49:Coat of arms
26:
2081: /
2024:Philippines
2019:North Texas
2004:Fond du Lac
1913:Province IX
1888:San Joaquin
1853:Los Angeles
1742:(Southwest)
1688:(Northwest)
1686:Province VI
1671:Springfield
1631:Great Lakes
1567:Mississippi
1503:Province IV
1399:Puerto Rico
1379:Long Island
1345:Province II
1305:Connecticut
1046:December 5,
926:(2009-2018)
920:(2007β2009)
904:(1995-2012)
878:(1985β2009)
872:(1984β1985)
862:(1980β1987)
852:(1974β1985)
846:(1973β1979)
823:(1966β1974)
813:(1961β1974)
807:(1960β1969)
797:(1954β1960)
773:(1944β1960)
767:(1930β1944)
751:(1926β1927)
741:(1919β1927)
735:(1914β1919)
715:(1902β1919)
709:(1897β1902)
699:(1894β1897)
680:(1876β1902)
668:(1862β1876)
656:(1841β1862)
644:(1814β1841)
638:(1790β1812)
428:evangelical
397:James Blair
377:poor relief
341:lay readers
301:Anglicanism
257:Shrine Mont
128:Established
113:Information
2096:Categories
2069:77Β°53β²49β³W
2066:38Β°30β²12β³N
2014:Micronesia
1999:Eau Claire
1858:Navajoland
1828:California
1789:West Texas
1774:Rio Grande
1617:Province V
1488:Washington
1468:Pittsburgh
1384:New Jersey
1347:(Atlantic)
1296:Province I
981:References
666:John Johns
660:John Johns
539:James City
476:and their
464:Revolution
424:dissenting
406:Until the
393:commissary
349:ordination
283:See also:
171:Ted Gulick
100:180 (2021)
92:Statistics
87:16 Regions
1947:Venezuela
1883:San Diego
1811:(Pacific)
1705:Minnesota
1676:Wisconsin
1619:(Midwest)
1592:Tennessee
1562:Louisiana
1557:Lexington
1505:(Sewanee)
1433:Bethlehem
1404:Rochester
950:suffragan
934:suffragan
918:Coadjutor
902:suffragan
892:suffragan
870:Coadjutor
860:suffragan
844:suffragan
831:suffragan
821:Coadjutor
805:suffragan
795:Coadjutor
791:suffragan
781:suffragan
765:Coadjutor
749:Coadjutor
733:Coadjutor
723:Coadjutor
707:Coadjutor
697:Coadjutor
432:Methodism
364:episcopal
357:communion
353:confirmed
329:Burgesses
305:Jamestown
253:cathedral
136:Cathedral
1942:Honduras
1922:Colombia
1769:Oklahoma
1749:Arkansas
1715:Nebraska
1695:Colorado
1646:Missouri
1641:Michigan
1552:Kentucky
1483:Virginia
1453:Maryland
1443:Delaware
1389:New York
1056:cite web
969:See also
501:and the
420:Baptists
249:Richmond
247:city is
234:Virginia
144:Language
97:Parishes
55:Location
1893:Spokane
1873:Olympia
1823:Arizona
1730:Wyoming
1710:Montana
1626:Chicago
1547:Georgia
1542:Florida
1517:Atlanta
1512:Alabama
1330:Vermont
1250:at the
627:Bishops
412:Quakers
345:bishops
319:. When
279:History
265:retreat
228:of the
226:diocese
207:Website
152:Spanish
148:English
105:Members
60:Country
2029:Quincy
2009:Mexico
1984:Duluth
1898:Taiwan
1878:Oregon
1863:Nevada
1843:Hawaii
1818:Alaska
1759:Kansas
1754:Dallas
1448:Easton
1394:Newark
1369:Europe
1354:Albany
1157:(1977)
527:canons
487:glebes
368:vestry
163:Bishop
1848:Idaho
1779:Texas
1374:Haiti
1310:Maine
478:state
449:glebe
438:Piety
1903:Utah
1700:Iowa
1661:Ohio
1364:Cuba
1062:link
1048:2019
474:king
468:The
418:and
243:The
220:The
372:lay
245:see
191:Map
78:III
2098::
1131:^
1070:^
1058:}}
1054:{{
1038:.
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932:,
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1197:.
1170:.
1064:)
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1024:.
1010:.
996:.
954:*
944:*
938:*
928:*
912:*
906:*
896:*
886:*
880:*
864:*
854:*
838:*
825:*
815:*
799:*
785:*
775:*
759:*
743:*
727:*
717:*
701:*
691:*
682:*
670:*
658:*
646:*
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