832:
820:
808:
27:
737:
Its lithic complex was first documented at numerous sites in Italy. Great geographical and local variability of the facies is present, however all sites are characterized by the predominance of microliths, such as backed blades, backed points, and bladelets with retouched end.
831:
1078:
998:"Through diachronic discontinuities and regionalization: The contribution of the analysis of the lithic industries from Grotta della Serratura (Strata 10-9) in the definition of Epigravettian in the southern Italian peninsula"
807:
725:
Several
Epigravettian cultural centers have developed contemporaneously after 22,000 years BP in Europe. These range across southern, central and most of eastern Europe, including southwestern France, Italy,
819:
911:
G. Laplace. "Recherches sur l'origine et l'évolution des complexes leptolithiques. Le problème des Périgordiens I et II et l'hypothèse du synthétotype aurignaco-gravettien. Essai de typologie analytique".
1072:
1085:
785:
Analysis of
Epigravettian producing individuals in Italy indicates that they not closely related to earlier Gravettian-producing inhabitants of the peninsula, and instead belong to the
880:"Apport de l'analyse technique à la compréhension de l'évolution des groupes humains épigravettiens d'Italie Nord Orientale: la production lithique de l'US 15a-65 du Riparo Dalmeri"
1079:"Glacial and post-glacial adaptations of hunter-gatherers: Investigating the late Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic subsistence strategies in the southern steppe of Eastern Europe"
718:(14,000 to 8,000 BP), have been established, that were further subdivided and reclassified. In this sense, the Epigravettian is simply the Gravettian after ~21,000 BP, when the
129:
700:
175:
1221:
1110:
1037:
1073:
Keiko
Kitagawa, Marie-Anne Julien, Oleksandra Krotova, Alexander A. Bessudnov, Mikail V. Sablin, Dmytro Kiosak, Natalia Leonova, Boris Plohenko,
1409:
1374:
1424:
1394:
1429:
1414:
1399:
1389:
1419:
1384:
703:
in reference to several lithic industries found in Italy, it was later renamed in order to better emphasize its independent character.
879:
1404:
980:
789:. This group is more closely related to ancient and modern peoples in the Middle East and the Caucasus than earlier European
647:
438:
1125:
457:
1379:
797:
genetic cluster expanded across
Western Europe at the end of the Pleistocene, largely replacing the producers of the
685:
94:
604:
741:
The
Epigravettian is the last stage of the Upper Paleolithic succeeded by Mesolithic cultures after 10,000 BP.
1126:"ON SITE SETTLEMENT ACTIVITIES: THE EXAMPLE OF THE EPIGRAVETTIAN SITE OF BRNO-ŠTÝŘICE III (CZECH REPUBLIC)"
858:
185:, 1958 (broader-than-modern meaning) Broglio, Laplace et al., 1963 (modern meaning, as “Tardigravettiano”)
763:
1434:
950:
Laplace, Georges (1964). "Les subdivisions du
Leptolithique italien. Étude de typologie analytique".
640:
370:
282:
1074:
837:
Epigravettian ceramic figurine of a horse or deer, Vela Spila, Croatia, dated to 15,400-14,600 BP.
853:
794:
786:
673:
542:
1051:
970:
774:, who was examined in a previous study, has been found to be carrying the paternal haplogroup
1215:
1031:
597:
419:
401:
1326:
1248:
1177:
1009:
886:
779:
681:
633:
140:
931:
A. Broglio; G. Laplace; F. Zorzi. "I depositi quaternari di Ponte di Veia. Le industrie".
8:
1235:
Farbstein, Rebecca; Radić, Dinko; Brajković, Dejana; Miracle, Preston T. (24 July 2012).
1084:. Unite Histoire Naturelle de l’Homme Prehistorique, Sorbonne Universités. Archived from
517:
395:
134:
1330:
1252:
1181:
1013:
207:
1347:
1308:
1279:
1236:
529:
298:
180:
451:
1352:
1284:
1266:
1203:
1163:
1104:
995:
976:
775:
771:
751:
677:
561:
535:
487:
350:
264:
220:
83:
1342:
1334:
1313:
1274:
1256:
1193:
1185:
1168:
1017:
746:
727:
584:
425:
376:
361:
309:
237:
233:
1322:
1261:
1022:
997:
767:
511:
407:
67:
1189:
759:
688:
566:
555:
97:
71:
475:
1368:
1270:
1164:"Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers"
610:
572:
125:
121:
1356:
1288:
1207:
813:
Epigravettian artefacts, maybe 24 000 - 18 000 BP. Anthropos
Pavilon, Brno
1237:"First Epigravettian Ceramic Figurines from Europe (Vela Spila, Croatia)"
798:
731:
505:
463:
195:
160:
1338:
1198:
790:
692:
669:
623:
481:
445:
318:
276:
164:
150:
110:
825:
Epigravettian artefact, extremely stylized sculpture, Anthropos, Brno.
972:
Earliest Italy: An
Overview of the Italian Paleolithic and Mesolithic
719:
549:
493:
469:
330:
258:
104:
38:
590:
578:
431:
389:
203:
523:
413:
336:
324:
270:
252:
246:
26:
1161:
848:
730:, the Caucasus, Ukraine and Western Russia to the banks of the
383:
1234:
996:
Giulia Ricci, Margarita
Vadillo Conesa, Fabio Martini (2019).
755:
722:
had replaced the
Gravettian in most of France and Spain.
975:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 238–.
930:
750:
in May 2016, the remains of an Epigravettian male from
933:
Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona
758:were examined. He carried the paternal haplogroup
1366:
968:
1143:
801:culture that previously dominated the region.
641:
1220:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1131:. Moravian Museum, Anthropos Institute, Brno
1109:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1036:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1123:
109:None (because likely a continuation of the
1002:Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports
648:
634:
25:
1346:
1278:
1260:
1197:
1021:
877:
793:. Epigravettian peoples belonging to the
1162:Posth, C., Yu, H., Ghalichi, A. (2023).
962:
885:. Université de Provence. Archived from
1309:"The genetic history of Ice Age Europe"
949:
1367:
910:
1410:Archaeological cultures in Montenegro
1375:Upper Paleolithic cultures of Europe
1425:Archaeological cultures in Slovakia
1395:Archaeological cultures in Bulgaria
952:Bullettino di Paletnologia Italiana
31:European LGM refuges, c. 20,000 BP
13:
1430:Archaeological cultures in Ukraine
1415:Archaeological cultures in Romania
1400:Archaeological cultures in Croatia
1390:Archaeological cultures in Austria
1306:
1149:
969:Margherita Mussi (11 April 2006).
695:culture in Italy. Initially named
458:Lincombian-Ranisian-Jerzmanowician
16:European Upper Paleolithic culture
14:
1446:
1420:Archaeological cultures in Serbia
1385:Archaeological cultures of Europe
1405:Archaeological cultures in Italy
830:
818:
806:
744:In a genetic study published in
1228:
1155:
1117:
1066:
1044:
989:
943:
924:
904:
871:
714:(16,000 to 14,000 BP) and the
691:or 19,050 BC. It succeeds the
1:
864:
699:(Late Gravettian) in 1964 by
676:and cultures of the European
357:
305:
227:
1262:10.1371/journal.pone.0041437
1023:10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.11.038
859:Early European modern humans
778:and the maternal haplogroup
766:. An Epigravettian from the
762:and the maternal haplogroup
7:
1307:Fu, Qiaomei (May 2, 2016).
842:
710:(20,000 to 16,000 BP), the
10:
1451:
1299:
1190:10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0
787:Villabruna genetic cluster
1176:(2 March 2023): 117–126.
674:archaeological industries
371:Initial Upper Paleolithic
171:
156:
146:
117:
103:
89:
78:
63:
55:
24:
1380:Industries (archaeology)
668:"above, on top of", and
1054:. Archaeology Wordsmith
854:Western Hunter-Gatherer
795:Western Hunter Gatherer
680:. It emerged after the
672:) was one of the last
1075:Marylene Patou-Mathis
712:Evolved Epigravettian
706:Three subphases, the
682:Last Glacial Maximum
1339:10.1038/nature17993
1331:2016Natur.534..200F
1253:2012PLoSO...741437F
1182:2023Natur.615..117P
1091:on February 7, 2019
1014:2019JArSR..24..175R
892:on February 7, 2019
716:Final Epigravettian
708:Early Epigravettian
21:
299:Middle Paleolithic
64:Geographical range
19:
1435:Stone Age Austria
1124:Zdenka Nerudova.
982:978-0-306-47195-7
752:Ripari Villabruna
678:Upper Paleolithic
658:
657:
351:Upper Paleolithic
221:Lower Paleolithic
189:
188:
93:~21,000 – 10,000
84:Upper Paleolithic
56:Alternative names
1442:
1360:
1350:
1293:
1292:
1282:
1264:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1219:
1211:
1201:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1130:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1108:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1090:
1083:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1035:
1027:
1025:
993:
987:
986:
966:
960:
959:
947:
941:
940:
928:
922:
921:
908:
902:
901:
899:
897:
891:
884:
875:
834:
822:
810:
728:Southeast Europe
650:
643:
636:
377:Fertile Crescent
365:
359:
313:
307:
241:
232:
229:
191:
190:
184:
138:
130:Riparo Tagliente
50:
45:
41:
36:
29:
22:
18:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1323:Nature Research
1302:
1297:
1296:
1233:
1229:
1213:
1212:
1160:
1156:
1148:
1144:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1122:
1118:
1102:
1101:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1081:
1071:
1067:
1057:
1055:
1052:"Epigravettian"
1050:
1049:
1045:
1029:
1028:
994:
990:
983:
967:
963:
948:
944:
929:
925:
909:
905:
895:
893:
889:
882:
878:Cyril Montoya.
876:
872:
867:
845:
838:
835:
826:
823:
814:
811:
768:Satsurblia Cave
701:Georges Laplace
697:Tardigravettian
684:around ~21,000
654:
617:
616:
472:(41,000-37,000)
452:Châtelperronian
366:
355:
353:
343:
342:
314:
303:
301:
291:
290:
261:(1.76–0.13 Ma)
242:
230:
225:
223:
178:
176:Georges Laplace
141:Dolní Věstonice
132:
59:Tardigravettian
51:
43:
42:
34:
33:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1448:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1362:
1361:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1227:
1154:
1142:
1116:
1065:
1043:
988:
981:
961:
942:
935:(in Italian).
923:
903:
869:
868:
866:
863:
862:
861:
856:
851:
844:
841:
840:
839:
836:
829:
827:
824:
817:
815:
812:
805:
656:
655:
653:
652:
645:
638:
630:
627:
626:
619:
618:
615:
614:
608:
595:
594:
588:
582:
576:
570:
564:
559:
556:Iberomaurusian
553:
540:
539:
533:
527:
521:
515:
514:(15.5–13.1 ka)
509:
503:
497:
491:
485:
479:
473:
467:
461:
455:
449:
436:
435:
434:(12.2–10.8 ka)
429:
428:(14.5–11.5 ka)
423:
417:
411:
405:
399:
393:
387:
374:
373:
367:
349:
348:
345:
344:
341:
340:
334:
328:
322:
315:
297:
296:
293:
292:
289:
288:
287:
286:
280:
274:
268:
256:
250:
243:
219:
218:
215:
214:
199:
198:
187:
186:
173:
169:
168:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
119:
115:
114:
107:
101:
100:
91:
87:
86:
80:
76:
75:
65:
61:
60:
57:
53:
52:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1447:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1247:(7): e41437.
1246:
1242:
1238:
1231:
1223:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1146:
1127:
1120:
1112:
1106:
1087:
1080:
1076:
1069:
1053:
1047:
1039:
1033:
1024:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
992:
984:
978:
974:
973:
965:
957:
953:
946:
938:
934:
927:
919:
916:(in French).
915:
907:
888:
881:
874:
870:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
833:
828:
821:
816:
809:
804:
803:
802:
800:
796:
792:
788:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
748:
742:
739:
735:
733:
729:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
704:
702:
698:
694:
690:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
662:Epigravettian
651:
646:
644:
639:
637:
632:
631:
629:
628:
625:
621:
620:
612:
611:Afontova Gora
609:
606:
605:Mal'ta–Buret'
603:
602:
601:
599:
592:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
547:
546:
544:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
500:Epigravettian
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
443:
442:
440:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
397:
394:
391:
388:
385:
382:
381:
380:
378:
372:
369:
368:
363:
352:
347:
346:
338:
335:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
316:
311:
300:
295:
294:
284:
281:
278:
275:
272:
269:
266:
263:
262:
260:
257:
254:
251:
248:
245:
244:
239:
235:
222:
217:
216:
212:
211:
205:
201:
200:
197:
193:
192:
182:
177:
174:
170:
166:
162:
159:
155:
152:
149:
145:
142:
136:
131:
127:
126:Arene Candide
123:
120:
116:
112:
108:
106:
102:
99:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
48:Epigravettian
40:
28:
23:
20:Epigravettian
1318:
1312:
1244:
1240:
1230:
1216:cite journal
1173:
1167:
1157:
1145:
1133:. Retrieved
1119:
1093:. Retrieved
1086:the original
1068:
1056:. Retrieved
1046:
1032:cite journal
1005:
1001:
991:
971:
964:
955:
951:
945:
936:
932:
926:
917:
913:
906:
894:. Retrieved
887:the original
873:
784:
745:
743:
740:
736:
724:
715:
711:
707:
705:
696:
665:
661:
659:
596:
541:
520:(14–12.8 ka)
499:
454:(44.5–36 ka)
437:
416:(18–12.5 ka)
375:
285:(400–220 ka)
279:(424–400 ka)
273:(500–130 ka)
255:(2.6–1.7 Ma)
209:
47:
1325:: 200–205.
1199:10256/23099
1135:February 5,
1095:February 5,
1058:February 5,
1008:: 175–191.
914:Quaternaria
896:February 5,
799:Magdalenian
791:Cro-Magnons
732:Volga River
518:Federmesser
506:Magdalenian
476:Périgordian
464:Aurignacian
402:Aurignacian
396:Baradostian
339:(130–10 ka)
333:(130–70 ka)
327:(145–20 ka)
321:(160–40 ka)
196:Paleolithic
179: [
161:Magdalenian
157:Followed by
147:Preceded by
133: [
118:Major sites
1369:Categories
939:: 325–367.
920:: 133–164.
865:References
693:Gravettian
670:Gravettian
624:Mesolithic
613:(21–12 ka}
607:(24–15 ka)
581:(15–11 ka)
575:(15—11 ka)
569:(22–14 ka)
558:(25–11 ka)
552:(42–18 ka)
532:(13–12 ka)
530:Ahrensburg
526:(14–10 ka)
508:(17–12 ka)
502:(20–10 ka)
496:(22–17 ka)
490:(29–25 ka)
484:(33–24 ka)
482:Gravettian
478:(35–20 ka)
466:(43–26 ka)
460:(43–32 ka)
448:(48–40 ka)
446:Bohunician
420:Trialetian
410:(20–10 ka)
404:(35–29 ka)
398:(36–18 ka)
392:(46–42 ka)
386:(50–40 ka)
319:Mousterian
277:Clactonian
231: 3.3
172:Defined by
165:Mesolithic
151:Gravettian
111:Gravettian
1271:1932-6203
720:Solutrean
593:(10–8 ka)
587:(15–5 ka)
562:Mushabian
550:Khormusan
538:(11–8 ka)
536:Swiderian
494:Solutrean
488:Pavlovian
470:Szeletian
422:(16–8 ka)
331:Micoquien
265:Madrasian
259:Acheulean
105:Type site
39:Solutrean
1357:27135931
1321:(7606).
1289:22848495
1241:PLOS ONE
1208:36859578
1105:cite web
958:: 25–63.
843:See also
664:(Greek:
591:Magosian
579:Sebilian
432:Khiamian
426:Natufian
390:Ahmarian
283:Mugharan
267:(1.5 Ma)
249:(3.3 Ma)
204:Pliocene
167:cultures
122:Paglicci
68:Southern
1348:4943878
1327:Bibcode
1300:Sources
1280:3404104
1249:Bibcode
1178:Bibcode
1150:Fu 2016
1010:Bibcode
772:Georgia
598:Siberia
585:Eburran
524:Azilian
512:Hamburg
414:Kebaran
408:Zarzian
337:Sangoan
325:Aterian
308:300–50
271:Soanian
253:Oldowan
247:Lomekwi
208:before
72:Eastern
1355:
1345:
1314:Nature
1287:
1277:
1269:
1206:
1169:Nature
979:
849:Mezine
747:Nature
567:Halfan
543:Africa
439:Europe
384:Emiran
360:50–12
354:
302:
236:– 300
224:
79:Period
74:Europe
46:
44:
37:
35:
1129:(PDF)
1089:(PDF)
1082:(PDF)
890:(PDF)
883:(PDF)
756:Italy
573:Qadan
183:]
137:]
90:Dates
82:Late
1353:PMID
1285:PMID
1267:ISSN
1222:link
1204:PMID
1137:2019
1111:link
1097:2019
1060:2019
1038:link
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