1079:
1071:
28:
1836:
540:
consider it right that we should grant a short interim suspension order so that the respondents may have an opportunity to apply to the Court of Appeal, if so advised, for such interim relief as may be appropriate. Accordingly, we shall grant an interim temporary suspension order to postpone the coming into operation of the declarations of invalidity for a period of 7 days up to the end of 29 November 2019, with liberty to apply.
1824:
215:. Their grievances lay in the fact that the average Chinese port worker's monthly income was insufficient to support his family while his Caucasian counterparts, who earned several times more, had been granted 15% wage rise. The Emergency Regulations Ordinance was passed by the colonial government that year – enacted in a single day – to combat the strikes, which paralysed the ports.
1184:
530:
On 18 November 2019, the High Court ruled the "Cap. 241 Emergency
Regulations Ordinance" is "incompatible with the Basic Law", however, the court "leaves open the question of the constitutionality of the ERO insofar as it relates to any occasion of emergency." The court also held the ordinance meets
442:
on an occasion of public danger by the ERO was unconstitutional, and, therefore, that the entirety of the PFCR was unconstitutional because it was in exercise of those powers. On separate grounds it also declared all the substantive sections of the PFCR excepting that prohibiting the use of masks at
187:
In case of emergency or public danger, it can be invoked by the Chief
Executive-in-Council. Under the provisions of the ordinance, the Chief Executive has the power to make "any regulations whatsoever which he may consider desirable in the public interest." Among the many powers permitting the Chief
539:
Nevertheless, we recognise that our
Judgment is only a judgment at first instance, and will soon be subject to an appeal to the Court of Appeal. In view of the great public importance of the issues raised in this case, and the highly exceptional circumstances that Hong Kong is currently facing, we
356:
was amended on 22 July to empower police officers to raid any flats without warrant, and require anyone to report offensive weapons found to police. The invocations of emergency law was generally accepted by the citizens as the riots worsened with explosives harming innocents, but the perpetrating
446:
The Court of Appeal ruled that the ERO was in fact constitutional on occasions of public danger, and therefore that the PFCR was not invalid on those grounds. It additionally held that section 3(1)(b) of the PFCR, which prohibited masks at certain ‘unauthorised assemblies’, is proportionate, and
494:, for the postponement of 2022 Chief Executive election from 27 March to 8 May. The decision came after Xi Jinping, General Secretary of Chinese Communist Party, ordered the Hong Kong Government to halt the COVID surge by all means, despite saying a week ago that the postponement is not needed.
257:
were made to resume lands near the border to avoid the infiltration of communists. Coin storage a year later pushed the
Government to ban coin hoarding. Hong Kong Government enacted emergency law later that year which allowed capital punishment for possession of bombs and firearms, only to be
420:
or obscure facial identification in public assemblies without reasonable excuses. The permitted excuses are: pre-existing medical or health reasons, religious reasons, and if the person uses the face covering for physical safety while performing an activity connected with their profession or
526:
Scholars consider the law "a nuclear option" which "can literally run a dictatorship and suspend most rights." The authority granted to censor specifically covers "the control and suppression of publications, writings, maps, plans, photographs, communications and means of communication."
1262:
841:
258:
repealed after the London
Government considered the law to be in violation of human rights. In 1952, emergency law related to resettlement areas was enacted, paving way for charities and groups to set up cottage resettlements accommodating immigrants.
364:. Regulations were made to control the use of oil and motor fuel, to limit advertising displays and floodlighting, and to impose summer time. Since then, emergency law was in dormant, with the remaining unused regulations repealed in 1995.
1258:
833:
242:, in 1929 to seize water supply during a drought, in 1932 to ban selling of food by hawkers following cholera outbreak in China, in 1935 to prohibit horses leaving New Territories and consuming grass amidst case of mule contracting
551:
On 10 December 2019, the Court of Appeal refused to suspend the "unconstitutional" ruling by the Court of First
Instance on the anti-mask regulation. As scheduled, a full hearing will commence on 9 January 2020.
269:. The Government first rejected, saying no objection was made by the locals and citing necessity to stop crimes. Nevertheless, the Government agreed to the Colonial Office and revoked them in September 1955.
337:, announced on 20 July to enact nine new emergency laws, such as criminalising assemblies, obstructions, conferring power to disperse rallies, seal off housing estates, and allowing closed-door trial;
1797:
503:
1711:
676:
605:
1359:
1329:
1244:
641:
1214:
1153:
1131:
1101:
1049:
1019:
1433:
521:
985:
512:
came into effect after the Chief
Executive invoked emergency power, in order to provide legal basis for the Chinese Government to provide aids amidst the fifth wave of pandemic.
253:, immigrants from China swamped Hong Kong and issues of illegal trafficking hit the city. The Government enacted a considerable number of emergency laws. In 1949, a total of 137
372:
Emergency
Regulations Ordinance has been invoked for four times as of early 2022 since handover of Hong Kong in 1997, all during the tenue of Carrie Lam as Chief Executive:
299:
Emergency laws were made to limit daily money withdrawal to HKD 100 in 1965 after a bank run, and to announce one-day bank holidays following sterling devaluation in 1967.
288:, a human rights organisation based in Britain, slammed the Regulations as infringements of foreigner's rights, after some were in long-time detention without trial. The
1411:
188:
Executive to exercise upon invoking the ordinance, it also include arrests, property seizures, deportation, control of the ports and transportation, and censorship.
456:
428:
denied an application for a judicial injunction of the anti-mask law, on the same night shortly before the new regulation took effect. A subsequent attempt by
477:
which was promulgated on 1 August, officially suspended the electoral process. The
Regulation was further amended to delay the election again following the
490:
On 18 February 2022, Carrie Lam, citing the unprecedented surge of COVID-19 cases in the fifth wave, announced the enactment of new emergency regulation,
1789:
1703:
668:
1473:
1457:
1828:
1438:
597:
447:
therefore valid, but upheld the decision of the CFI that the PFCR is invalid insofar as it prohibits masks at authorised assemblies and meetings.
281:
633:
1648:
176:
the power to make regulations on occasions that the Chief
Executive believes to be an emergency or public danger. It was first introduced in
1840:
1741:
1681:
421:
employment. Effective 00:00 HKT on 5 October 2019, offenders risked a maximum of one-year imprisonment or a fine of HK$ 25,000 (US$ 3,200).
555:
On 9 April 2020, the court ruled that the ERO, insofar as occasions of public danger are concerned, is constitutional and therefore valid.
1921:
1486:
412:
and "deterring violent and illegal behavior", the Chief-Executive-in-Council invoked the Emergency Regulations Ordinance to implement
1623:"KWOK WING HANG AND OTHERS v. CHIEF EXECUTIVE IN COUNCIL AND ANOTHER [2019] HKCFI 2884; HCAL 2945/2019 (22 November 2019)"
1598:"KWOK WING HANG AND OTHERS v. CHIEF EXECUTIVE IN COUNCIL AND ANOTHER [2019] HKCFI 2820; HCAL 2945/2019 (22 November 2019)"
1573:"KWOK WING HANG AND OTHERS v. CHIEF EXECUTIVE IN COUNCIL AND ANOTHER [2019] HKCFI 2820; HCAL 2945/2019 (18 November 2019)"
485:
403:
238:
The Government invoked the emergency law for several times in the early 20th century, including: in 1925 to order a clampdown on
989:
954:
55:
An Ordinance to confer on the Chief Executive in Council power to make regulations on occasions of emergency or public danger.
948:
1300:
1407:
462:
200:
810:
1916:
461:
On 31 July 2020, Chief Executive Carrie Lam said she would invoke the Emergency Regulations Ordinance to postpone the
1597:
1351:
872:
306:
broke out in 1967, the Governor and Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong announced (at least) five emergency regulations:
289:
1325:
1236:
912:
715:
478:
219:
77:
35:
548:
On 27 November 2019, the Court of Appeal extended the interim suspension of the judgement until 10 December 2019.
1206:
1145:
1123:
1093:
1041:
1011:
211:
In January 1922, the Chinese Seamen's Union demanded pay rises of up to 40% from their local employers, and some
1911:
466:
409:
343:, enacted on 8 September to seize all fireworks in order to stop rioters from possessing bomb-making materials;
196:
1547:
111:
131:
572:
436:
141:
121:
1622:
432:
to halt the new regulation also failed, however, the court recommended a judicial review at a later date.
737:
Chan, Ming K. (1997). "The Imperfect Legacy: Defects in the British Legal System in Colonial Hong Kong".
443:
an unlawful assembly inconsistent with the Basic Law and the Bill of Rights, and therefore of no effect.
239:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1381:
470:
357:
leftists and supporters were angered. Many of those emergency laws were suspended in 1969 or repealed.
212:
184:
which had immobilised the city's ports, and was invoked on several occasions during the colonial rule.
181:
173:
1764:
893:"Social control and political order: Decolonisation and the use of emergency regulations in Hong Kong"
1505:"Cap. 241L Emergency (Date of General Election) (Seventh Term of the Legislative Council) Regulation"
545:
On 26 November 2019, it was announced that the government's appeal would be heard on 9 January 2020.
1522:
1733:
1673:
439:
1906:
425:
764:
225:
Aside from format changes made in 2018, the last major amendments to the ordinance was in 1999.
1176:
285:
331:, enacted on 24 June to criminalise gatherings which intimidations by participants were found;
293:
303:
273:
192:
114:
8:
1572:
475:
Emergency (Date of General Election) (Seventh Term of the Legislative Council) Regulation
382:
Emergency (Date of General Election) (Seventh Term of the Legislative Council) Regulation
97:
1790:"Hong Kong court lifts mask ban, refusing government request to suspend earlier ruling"
177:
977:
944:
868:
746:
707:
296:
defended, saying the Regulations were needed to prevent riots from happening again.
904:
222:
oversight or disallowance in London. It also permitted imprisonment without trial.
169:
938:
361:
262:
1285:
27:
1875:
1858:
1504:
802:
750:
711:
429:
417:
265:
in London asked Hong Kong to repeal some articles deemed too powerful in the
1847:
325:, enacted on 23 June which empowered Governor to designate any closed areas;
250:
165:
67:
908:
699:
1704:"Ruling that Hong Kong mask ban is invalid suspended until December 10"
510:
Emergency (Exemption from Statutory Requirements) (COVID-19) Regulation
504:
Emergency (Exemption from Statutory Requirements) (COVID-19) Regulation
392:
Emergency (Exemption from Statutory Requirements) (COVID-19) Regulation
46:
892:
1487:"BREAKING: Hong Kong postpones legislative election citing Covid-19"
492:
Emergency (Date of Election) (Sixth Term Chief Executive) Regulation
387:
Emergency (Date of Election) (Sixth Term Chief Executive) Regulation
360:
The last significant use of the law was in December 1973 during the
1286:"The Use and Abuse of Emergency Powers by the Hong Kong Government"
700:"The use and abuse of emergency powers by the Hong Kong Government"
634:"'A nuclear option': Hong Kong and the threat of the emergency law"
1835:
1434:
Kwok Wing Hang and others v Chief Executive in Council and another
522:
Kwok Wing Hang and others v Chief Executive in Council and another
739:
University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Economic Law
1823:
534:
On 22 November 2019, the High Court made the following remark:
243:
765:"Cap. 241 Emergency Regulations Ordinance – Enactment History"
1674:"Court extends anti-mask law suspension, say pan-dems - RTHK"
1548:"Transcript of remarks by CE at media session (with video)"
311:
Emergency (Prevention of Inflammatory Speeches) Regulations
347:
Emergency (Amendment of Magistrates Ordinance) Regulations
317:
Emergency (Prevention of Inflammatory Posters) Regulations
473:
invoked the Emergency Regulations Ordinance to make the
669:"How Hong Kong protests could lead to internet cut-off"
457:
Postponement of the 2020 Hong Kong legislative election
435:
The CFI later ruled that the granting of powers to the
598:"Hong Kong mulls over emergency law to quell protests"
335:
Emergency (Principal) Regulations (Commencement) Order
627:
625:
623:
1765:"Court of Appeal rejects mask ban ruling suspension"
1859:"Cap. 241K Prohibition on Face Covering Regulation"
1734:"Court deals govt blow over mask ban ruling - RTHK"
1408:"Judge explains reason for not allowing injunction"
663:
661:
659:
620:
329:Emergency (Prevention of Intimidation) Regulations
1873:
656:
191:The government invoked the ordinance during the
825:
313:, enacted on 24 May to ban seditious speeches;
1449:
1447:
592:
590:
319:, enacted on 1 June to ban seditious posters;
1854:. Government of Hong Kong. 28 February 1922.
195:, during the oil crisis in 1973, during the
1386:Hong Kong's Information Services Department
890:
1848:"Cap. 241 Emergency Regulations Ordinance"
1444:
587:
218:The original Ordinance was not subject to
26:
1649:"Anti-mask ruling appeal set for January"
497:
1479:
450:
408:On 4 October 2019, as a response to the
278:Emergency (Detention Orders) Regulations
1247:from the original on 10 September 2020.
1134:from the original on 10 September 2020.
1082:from the original on 10 September 2020.
486:2022 Hong Kong Chief Executive election
414:Prohibition on Face Covering Regulation
404:Prohibition on Face Covering Regulation
377:Prohibition on Face Covering Regulation
1874:
1362:from the original on 10 September 2020
1332:from the original on 10 September 2020
1283:
1217:from the original on 10 September 2020
1156:from the original on 10 September 2020
1104:from the original on 10 September 2020
1052:from the original on 10 September 2020
1022:from the original on 10 September 2020
932:
930:
915:from the original on 10 September 2020
697:
1841:Emergency Regulations Ordinance, 1922
1800:from the original on 12 December 2019
1744:from the original on 11 December 2019
1714:from the original on 12 December 2019
1684:from the original on 28 November 2019
886:
884:
800:
679:from the original on 2 September 2019
644:from the original on 3 September 2019
608:from the original on 4 September 2019
531:the "prescribed by law" requirement.
1762:
1646:
1414:from the original on 10 October 2019
1124:"港府昨頒緊急法例即日執行 收集全港所有爆竹煙花 防止暴徒用以製造炸彈"
992:from the original on 28 October 2019
796:
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
736:
718:from the original on 10 October 2019
515:
213:30,000 Chinese seamen went on strike
1207:"港英又有新苛例無須手令搜民居昨發佈的緊急法令中還不准藏有利器鏹水等"
975:
936:
927:
862:
831:
323:Emergency (Closed Area) Regulations
13:
1306:from the original on 19 March 2019
1174:
881:
813:from the original on 7 August 2020
631:
233:
14:
1933:
1922:Political repression in Hong Kong
1816:
943:. 香港: 三聯書店（香港）有限公司. p. 456.
783:
463:2020 Legislative Council election
367:
267:Emergency (Principal) Regulations
255:Emergency (Principal) Regulations
201:2020 Legislative Council election
1834:
1822:
1265:from the original on 11 May 2020
1187:from the original on 11 May 2020
1177:"【政策分析】《緊急法》遏反修例示威潮？ 淺談六七暴動五次經驗"
957:from the original on 14 May 2020
844:from the original on 11 May 2020
467:resurgence of the COVID-19 cases
397:
354:Emergency (Principal) Regulation
341:Emergency (Firework) Regulations
78:Legislative Council of Hong Kong
36:Legislative Council of Hong Kong
1829:Emergency Regulations Ordinance
1782:
1756:
1726:
1696:
1666:
1640:
1615:
1590:
1565:
1540:
1515:
1497:
1463:
1426:
1400:
1374:
1358:. 29 December 1973. p. 1.
1344:
1318:
1277:
1251:
1229:
1199:
1168:
1138:
1130:. 9 September 1967. p. 4.
1116:
1086:
1064:
1034:
1004:
969:
856:
280:were enacted to depot rioters.
162:Emergency Regulations Ordinance
21:Emergency Regulations Ordinance
1243:. 16 January 1969. p. 4.
757:
730:
691:
565:
228:
1:
1352:"明日起實行夏令時間 霓虹燈飾減時放亮 所有泛光燈禁開放"
1146:"港府續修正緊急法例 賦予警察更大權力 搜查左派暴徒武器"
867:. 三聯書店(香港)有限公司. p. 455.
558:
465:for a whole year, citing the
426:Court of First Instance (CFI)
1072:"港九兩地發電廠現已宣佈爲禁區 如擅自闖入警察立予拘留"
834:"【緊急法】源於港督爭權 殖民時期遺留惡法？｜01周報"
632:Yu, Verna (28 August 2019).
103:Strike Legislation Bill 1922
7:
1213:. 23 July 1967. p. 3.
1152:. 23 July 1967. p. 4.
1078:. 24 June 1967. p. 1.
10:
1938:
1261:. 香港01. 3 September 2019.
1183:(in Chinese (Hong Kong)).
1048:. 2 June 1967. p. 5.
1018:. 25 May 1967. p. 5.
840:(in Chinese (Hong Kong)).
809:(in Chinese (Hong Kong)).
519:
501:
483:
471:Chief Executive in Council
454:
410:2019–20 Hong Kong protests
401:
206:
197:2019–20 Hong Kong protests
174:Chief Executive in Council
1917:Human rights in Hong Kong
1868:Effective 5 October 2019.
1523:"行政長官會見傳媒開場發言（只有中文）（附短片）"
1328:. 華僑日報. 8 December 1973.
575:. Government of Hong Kong
150:
140:
130:
120:
107:
96:
91:
83:
73:
63:
41:
34:
25:
20:
1794:South China Morning Post
1708:South China Morning Post
1388:(in Chinese (Hong Kong))
1382:"Anti-mask law gazetted"
978:"攻心為上：香港政府應對「六七暴動」的文宣策略"
832:郭文德 (3 September 2019).
801:本土研究社 (4 October 2019).
602:South China Morning Post
1864:Government of Hong Kong
1509:Hong Kong e-Legislation
1284:Miners, Norman (1996).
1259:"【緊急法】源於港督爭權 殖民時期遺留惡法？"
863:王賡武 (3 December 2016).
416:(PFCR). The regulation
240:Canton–Hong Kong strike
1237:"把臭例當作救命草三項緊急條例港英停而不廢"
498:Chinese aid exemptions
418:ban wearing face masks
180:in 1922 to combat the
1912:Hong Kong legislation
1602:legalref.judiciary.hk
1293:Hong Kong Law Journal
1175:林劍 (29 August 2019).
1042:"港府頒佈緊急新法例 嚴禁張貼煽動性標語"
976:許崇德 (February 2015).
897:Hong Kong Law Journal
704:Hong Kong Law Journal
508:On 24 February 2022,
451:Election postponement
1831:at Wikimedia Commons
1796:. 10 December 2019.
1710:. 27 November 2019.
1491:Hong Kong Free Press
891:Max WL Wong (2011).
193:1967 Hong Kong riots
172:that confers on the
115:Joseph Horsford Kemp
1439:HKCFI 2884/2019
1326:"港府實施緊急規例 應付燃料可能短缺"
1012:"港府實施緊急法例 禁止有煽動性廣播"
807:The News Lens 關鍵評論網
698:Miners, N. (1996).
220:Legislative Council
199:and postponing the
92:Legislative history
675:. 30 August 2019.
604:. 30 August 2019.
479:electoral overhaul
178:Colonial Hong Kong
1902:2020 in Hong Kong
1897:2019 in Hong Kong
1892:1973 in Hong Kong
1887:1967 in Hong Kong
1882:1922 in Hong Kong
1839:The full text of
1827:Media related to
1474:HKCA 192/2020
1458:HKCA 192/2020
950:978-962-04-3885-1
516:Constitutionality
249:After the end of
158:
157:
1929:
1855:
1838:
1826:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1483:
1477:
1467:
1461:
1451:
1442:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1305:
1290:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1100:. 25 June 1967.
1090:
1084:
1083:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1008:
1002:
1001:
999:
997:
973:
967:
966:
964:
962:
934:
925:
924:
922:
920:
888:
879:
878:
860:
854:
853:
851:
849:
829:
823:
822:
820:
818:
798:
781:
780:
778:
776:
761:
755:
754:
734:
728:
727:
725:
723:
695:
689:
688:
686:
684:
665:
654:
653:
651:
649:
629:
618:
617:
615:
613:
594:
585:
584:
582:
580:
569:
290:Attorney General
182:seamen's strikes
170:law of Hong Kong
146:28 February 1922
136:28 February 1922
126:28 February 1922
112:Attorney General
87:28 February 1922
30:
18:
17:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1872:
1871:
1846:
1819:
1814:
1813:
1803:
1801:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1773:
1771:
1763:Standard, The.
1761:
1757:
1747:
1745:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1717:
1715:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1685:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1657:
1655:
1647:Standard, The.
1645:
1641:
1631:
1629:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1604:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1556:
1554:
1552:www.info.gov.hk
1546:
1545:
1541:
1531:
1529:
1527:www.info.gov.hk
1521:
1520:
1516:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1493:. 31 July 2020.
1485:
1484:
1480:
1468:
1464:
1452:
1445:
1431:
1427:
1417:
1415:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1288:
1282:
1278:
1268:
1266:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1220:
1218:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1188:
1173:
1169:
1159:
1157:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1107:
1105:
1094:"頒佈緊急條例 防止恐嚇事件"
1092:
1091:
1087:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1055:
1053:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1025:
1023:
1010:
1009:
1005:
995:
993:
974:
970:
960:
958:
951:
935:
928:
918:
916:
903:(41): 449–480.
889:
882:
875:
861:
857:
847:
845:
830:
826:
816:
814:
799:
784:
774:
772:
763:
762:
758:
735:
731:
721:
719:
696:
692:
682:
680:
667:
666:
657:
647:
645:
630:
621:
611:
609:
596:
595:
588:
578:
576:
573:"Bill Database"
571:
570:
566:
561:
524:
518:
506:
500:
488:
459:
453:
437:Chief Executive
406:
400:
370:
263:Colonial Office
236:
234:Colonial period
231:
209:
74:Enacted by
59:
56:
51:
50:
12:
11:
5:
1935:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1907:Emergency laws
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1870:
1869:
1862:e-Legislation.
1856:
1844:
1832:
1818:
1817:External links
1815:
1812:
1811:
1781:
1755:
1725:
1695:
1665:
1639:
1614:
1589:
1564:
1539:
1514:
1496:
1478:
1476:, at para. 192
1462:
1460:, at para. 353
1443:
1425:
1399:
1373:
1343:
1317:
1276:
1250:
1228:
1198:
1167:
1137:
1115:
1085:
1063:
1033:
1003:
968:
949:
926:
880:
873:
855:
824:
782:
756:
729:
690:
655:
619:
586:
563:
562:
560:
557:
520:Main article:
517:
514:
502:Main article:
499:
496:
455:Main article:
452:
449:
402:Main article:
399:
396:
395:
394:
389:
384:
379:
369:
368:After handover
366:
350:
349:
344:
338:
332:
326:
320:
314:
302:As widespread
235:
232:
230:
227:
208:
205:
156:
155:
148:
147:
144:
138:
137:
134:
132:Second reading
128:
127:
124:
118:
117:
109:
105:
104:
101:
94:
93:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
58:
57:
54:
44:
43:
42:
39:
38:
32:
31:
23:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1934:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1867:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1852:e-legislation
1849:
1845:
1843:at Wikisource
1842:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1820:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1785:
1770:
1766:
1759:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1699:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1669:
1654:
1650:
1643:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1553:
1549:
1543:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1492:
1488:
1482:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1448:
1441:, at para. 42
1440:
1436:
1435:
1429:
1413:
1409:
1403:
1387:
1383:
1377:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1202:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1171:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1141:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1037:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1007:
991:
987:
983:
979:
972:
956:
952:
946:
942:
941:
933:
931:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
887:
885:
876:
874:9789620438851
870:
866:
859:
843:
839:
835:
828:
812:
808:
804:
797:
795:
793:
791:
789:
787:
770:
769:e-Legislation
766:
760:
752:
748:
745:(1): 139–40.
744:
740:
733:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
694:
678:
674:
670:
664:
662:
660:
643:
639:
635:
628:
626:
624:
607:
603:
599:
593:
591:
574:
568:
564:
556:
553:
549:
546:
543:
541:
535:
532:
528:
523:
513:
511:
505:
495:
493:
487:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
458:
448:
444:
441:
438:
433:
431:
430:pro-democrats
427:
422:
419:
415:
411:
405:
398:Anti-mask law
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
374:
373:
365:
363:
358:
355:
348:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
315:
312:
309:
308:
307:
305:
300:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
282:Chief Justice
279:
275:
270:
268:
264:
259:
256:
252:
247:
245:
241:
226:
223:
221:
216:
214:
204:
202:
198:
194:
189:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
153:
149:
145:
143:
142:Third reading
139:
135:
133:
129:
125:
123:
122:First reading
119:
116:
113:
110:
108:Introduced by
106:
102:
99:
95:
90:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
53:
52:
49:
48:
40:
37:
33:
29:
24:
19:
16:
1865:
1861:
1851:
1802:. Retrieved
1793:
1784:
1772:. Retrieved
1769:The Standard
1768:
1758:
1746:. Retrieved
1738:news.rthk.hk
1737:
1728:
1716:. Retrieved
1707:
1698:
1686:. Retrieved
1678:news.rthk.hk
1677:
1668:
1656:. Retrieved
1653:The Standard
1652:
1642:
1630:. Retrieved
1627:www.hklii.hk
1626:
1617:
1605:. Retrieved
1601:
1592:
1580:. Retrieved
1577:www.hklii.hk
1576:
1567:
1555:. Retrieved
1551:
1542:
1530:. Retrieved
1526:
1517:
1508:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1469:
1465:
1453:
1432:
1428:
1416:. Retrieved
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1385:
1376:
1364:. Retrieved
1355:
1346:
1334:. Retrieved
1320:
1308:. Retrieved
1296:
1292:
1279:
1267:. Retrieved
1253:
1240:
1231:
1219:. Retrieved
1210:
1201:
1189:. Retrieved
1180:
1170:
1158:. Retrieved
1149:
1140:
1127:
1118:
1106:. Retrieved
1097:
1088:
1075:
1066:
1054:. Retrieved
1045:
1036:
1024:. Retrieved
1015:
1006:
994:. Retrieved
981:
971:
959:. Retrieved
940:香港史新編（增訂版）上冊
939:
937:王賡武 (2017).
917:. Retrieved
909:10722/216347
900:
896:
864:
858:
846:. Retrieved
837:
827:
815:. Retrieved
806:
803:"《緊急法》的惡法之路"
773:. Retrieved
768:
759:
742:
738:
732:
720:. Retrieved
703:
693:
681:. Retrieved
672:
646:. Retrieved
638:The Guardian
637:
610:. Retrieved
601:
577:. Retrieved
567:
554:
550:
547:
544:
538:
536:
533:
529:
525:
509:
507:
491:
489:
474:
460:
445:
434:
423:
413:
407:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
359:
353:
351:
346:
340:
334:
328:
322:
316:
310:
301:
298:
277:
271:
266:
260:
254:
251:World War II
248:
237:
224:
217:
210:
190:
186:
161:
159:
151:
45:
15:
1804:10 December
1774:10 December
1748:10 December
1718:28 November
1688:27 November
1658:26 November
1632:27 November
1607:23 November
1582:19 November
1470:Kwok et al.
1454:Kwok et al.
1392:19 November
1310:20 November
919:5 September
848:27 November
722:20 November
683:3 September
648:3 September
612:4 September
272:During the
229:Invocations
1876:Categories
1418:10 October
982:《二十一世紀》雙月刊
775:10 October
559:References
484:See also:
440:in Council
362:oil crisis
274:1956 riots
47:Long title
1366:5 October
1336:5 October
1299:: 47–57.
1269:4 October
1221:4 October
1191:4 October
1160:4 October
1108:4 October
1056:4 October
1026:4 October
996:4 October
961:4 October
865:香港史新編（上冊）
751:1086-7872
712:0378-0600
673:Bloomberg
579:4 October
261:In 1954,
84:Commenced
1798:Archived
1742:Archived
1712:Archived
1682:Archived
1557:15 March
1532:15 March
1412:Archived
1410:. RTHK.
1360:Archived
1330:Archived
1301:Archived
1263:Archived
1245:Archived
1215:Archived
1185:Archived
1154:Archived
1132:Archived
1102:Archived
1080:Archived
1050:Archived
1020:Archived
990:Archived
955:Archived
913:Archived
842:Archived
811:Archived
716:Archived
677:Archived
642:Archived
606:Archived
294:Governor
166:Cap. 241
154:In force
68:Cap. 241
64:Citation
984:(147).
817:31 July
286:JUSTICE
207:Context
168:) is a
152:Status:
1472:,
1456:,
1437:,
1356:香港工商日報
1150:香港工商日報
1128:香港工商日報
1098:香港工商日報
1046:香港工商日報
1016:香港工商日報
988:: 64.
986:香港中文大學
947:
871:
771:. 1999
749:
710:
469:. The
244:rabies
1304:(PDF)
1289:(PDF)
304:riots
100:title
1806:2019
1776:2019
1750:2019
1720:2019
1690:2019
1660:2019
1634:2019
1609:2019
1584:2019
1559:2022
1534:2022
1420:2019
1394:2019
1368:2019
1338:2019
1312:2019
1271:2019
1223:2019
1193:2019
1181:香港01
1162:2019
1110:2019
1076:工商晚報
1058:2019
1028:2019
998:2019
963:2019
945:ISBN
921:2019
869:ISBN
850:2019
838:香港01
819:2020
777:2019
747:ISSN
724:2019
708:ISSN
685:2019
650:2019
614:2019
581:2019
424:The
352:The
292:and
284:and
160:The
98:Bill
1241:大公報
1211:大公報
905:hdl
1878::
1850:.
1792:.
1767:.
1740:.
1736:.
1706:.
1680:.
1676:.
1651:.
1625:.
1600:.
1575:.
1550:.
1525:.
1507:.
1489:.
1446:^
1384:.
1354:.
1297:26
1295:.
1291:.
1239:.
1209:.
1179:.
1148:.
1126:.
1096:.
1074:.
1044:.
1014:.
980:.
953:.
929:^
911:.
899:.
895:.
883:^
836:.
805:.
785:^
767:.
743:18
741:.
714:.
706:.
702:.
671:.
658:^
640:.
636:.
622:^
600:.
589:^
542:"
276:,
246:.
203:.
1866:.
1808:.
1778:.
1752:.
1722:.
1692:.
1662:.
1636:.
1611:.
1586:.
1561:.
1536:.
1511:.
1422:.
1396:.
1370:.
1340:.
1314:.
1273:.
1225:.
1195:.
1164:.
1112:.
1060:.
1030:.
1000:.
965:.
923:.
907::
901:2
877:.
852:.
821:.
779:.
753:.
726:.
687:.
652:.
616:.
583:.
537:"
481:.
164:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
