71:
791:, dying in 2008. However, many tribes, including the Puyallup Tribe, are working to revitalize the language in daily use. The Puyallup Tribe has a strong language department, the Puyallup Language Program, which was created to revitalize Twulshootseed, emphasizing using the language for communication. The main objectives of the program are to create "language nests," physical locations where only Twulshootseed, not English, is spoken; to help individuals create their own language learning program, without needing to rely on one centralized language program, and to grow the Twulshootseed language in the school, the home, the workplace, and the community.
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614:
1846:
86:
425:
1525:
333:. Currently, the tribe has approximately 4,000 citizens. Its membership is descended from the aboriginal Puyallup peoples, as well as other non-Puyallup peoples who were moved to the reservation. Other Puyallup citizens are descendants of other tribes. The population of Puyallup citizens who reside on the reservation is 2,500, which is 3.2% of the reservation's 41,000 total population.
676:, which is in King County. The reservation has a land area of 73.935 km (28.547 sq mi) and has a population of 41,341, approximately 2,500 of which (3.2%) are Puyallup citizens. The majority of people living on the reservation are non-Indian, with 72 percent identifying only as Caucasian. Pierce County itself has a large Native American population of 32,000.
729:. Initially, the reservations were intended to be only occupied by Indians, and not settlers. While the tribe lost most of its historic territory, it retained rights for fishing, hunting and gathering on that land. The Puyallup and United States had such different conceptions of property that they did not fully understand each other's position.
376:'council of leaders'). The council is an elected body of seven members who oversee the operation of the tribe and its programs. The Tribal Council is the voice of the Puyallup Tribe, and frequently makes statements on topics ranging from tribal law, environmental protection, to civil rights activism.
526:
as their reservation is sovereign territory and they need not pay state taxes from their businesses. In recent years, the tribe signed an agreement with the State of
Washington to sell cigarettes with taxes paid. The tribe and the state have a sharing of tax revenue collected from sales of cigarettes.
525:
With economic and social changes in the 20th and 21st centuries, the tribe needed to develop other sources of employment and income than farming for its people. In the 20th century, the tribe generated income through cigarette sales. They could sell them at a lower price and tax-free to non-Natives,
521:
Initially the federal government wanted Native
Americans to develop the family farms then typical of European Americans. This was not a concept that the Puyallup were comfortable adopting. They remained deeply involved in fishing, which constituted such an important part of their culture that it is
410:
In addition to the Tribal
Council, the Puyallup Tribe also has a tribal court system. The tribe operates three separate court—the Puyallup Tribal Court, the Puyallup Tribal Court of Appeals, and the Puyallup Tribal Children's Court—which together operate the judicial branch of the government of the
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hotel for these purposes after purchasing the building in 2004. After renovation, the casino was opened in early 2005. The tribe undertook a major expansion in summer 2007, building two parking garages, a pool, a spa, new administrative towers, a ballroom, and a larger gaming area. The casino's
576:
boxing series, which is the longest-running casino boxing series in the
Pacific Northwest. A majority of the casino is located in a new 310,000 sq ft multi-level structure, which opened in June 2020; also includes a hotel and parking garage. The original I-5 location was intended as a temporary
571:
In total area, the casino is one of the largest casinos in
Washington state. It has locations in both Tacoma and Fife. The Tacoma location, includes the casino, a restaurant and buffet and an entertainment venue hosting singers and comedians. The entertainment venue, in collaboration with Brian
336:
The tribe's government is enshrined in its constitution, and is composed of an elected government, the
Puyallup Tribal Council, and the three tribal courts: the Puyallup Tribal Court, the Puyallup Tribal Court of Appeals, and the Puyallup Tribal Children's Court. The laws of the Puyallup Tribe
601:
The
Puyallup Tribe has used its economic development branch, Marine View Ventures, to expand into operating several gas stations on the reservation. In the early 21st century, it was using gambling revenues to invest in a partnership for a large container facility at the Port of Tacoma. When
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The tribe has developed related gaming and entertainment facilities in two other locations, keeping the name
Emerald Queen Casino for its overall operation. In the 21st century, a majority of the tribe's income is generated from the gambling casinos and related restaurant, retail and hotel
560:. The riverboat was acquired for $ 15 million and could accommodate 2,000 people. In 2004, as part of an agreement with the Port to accommodate further commercial development of the waterway, the tribe closed the operation on the boat and its shore-side property. The unused
577:
facility, and closed permanently in May 2020. It has continued to be used pending other development. The permanent structure of the old casino is located in the old
Puyallup Bingo Hall. The I-5 location opened originally in 2001, and the tent addition was opened in 2004.
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A new building for the Tacoma location was opened on June 8, 2020, following a $ 400 million expansion project. The 310,000-square-foot (29,000 m) facility near I-5 has five restaurants and a 12-story, 170-room hotel. The project also includes an
538:, based on lotteries and other methods, as a source of revenue to support programs wanted by taxpayers. Changes in federal law and negotiations with such states have enabled federally recognized tribes on many reservations to establish
349:, which authorized reservation tribes to create their own governments. The tribe wrote a constitution, which created an elected government (the Tribal Council), and created a Tribal Court for certain level of issues among its citizens.
784:, the Puyallup name for Lushootseed). Lushootseed was a historically oral language, and was only written in the modern era. The alphabet was created by Lushootseed-speaking elders working with linguist Thom Hess in the 1960s.
352:
The Tribe has two branches of government, the legislative and executive Tribal
Council, and the judiciary, the Tribal Courts. Both branches of government are co-equal in the government of the Puyallup Tribe.
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The Puyallup Tribe has also invested in the state's legal cannabis market. The tribe's first recreational cannabis store, Commencement Bay Cannabis, is located in Fife, adjacent to the casino itself.
721:
From the mid-nineteenth century, European Americans began to enter the area in greater numbers. The United States wanted to enable development of lands and settlement by these people. Under the 1854
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restaurant, formerly named the Pacific Rim, was moved to the south tower and renamed the Tatoosh Grill. What is now the Pacific Rim Buffet is located on the ground floor of the tower.
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Originally, the council was composed of five members. In 1991, the council was increased from five to seven members. The tribal council currently has seven members as of February 2024:
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1985:
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Due to land sales at a time when land was distributed to householders and other developments, neighboring jurisdictions have territory within the reservation. The city of
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99:
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The largest city on the reservation is Tacoma, which covers a portion and has a population of 219,346 as of 2020. Other communities on the reservation include
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1885:
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1980:
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725:, The United States arranged with the Puyallup and several other tribes the cession of land to the U.S. and the removal of the Native population to
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state, United States. The tribe is primarily located on the Puyallup Indian Reservation, although they also control off-reservation trust lands.
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1920:
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798:, where they offer free resources for learning the language, information about the language and their program, and classes for tribal members.
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828:(1929–1991), treaty rights advocate also convicted of embezzlement of tribal funds, attempted murder, and child molestation
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2019:
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85:
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Searching for new revenues and employment for its people, the Puyallup opened the Emerald Queen Casino in 1996 on a
1442:
714:. The total population within the reservation is predominantly non-Native and not tribal members, according to the
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completed, it will be the largest such facility in the Northwest and will connect the tribe to the shipping trade.
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In 1989–1990, the Port of Tacoma and the Puyallup Tribe reached a $ 163 million settlement, enabled by the
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riverboat remained docked in Tacoma until 2023, when it was sold to a barge operator based in Seattle.
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810:(1902–1988), treaty rights advocate and prominent leader of the Native American community of Seattle
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1279:"Puyallup Tribe of Indians accepts a $ 162 million settlement for lost land on March 25, 1990"
1076:"Northwest FightScene - Battle at the Boat 110 - March 18th 2017 Results, Recap, & Photos"
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Lushootseed. The Puyallup speak Southern Lushootseed, often also known as Twulshootseed (from
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1051:"So long Emerald Queen: Puyallup Tribe's riverboat casino on its way to Seattle after sale"
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672:, is mostly located in Pierce County, although a small part is located in the city of
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2020 Census – Tribal Tract Map: Puyallup Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land
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defined the authority of the courts as separate and equal to the Tribal Council.
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31:
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938:"Puyallup Tribe: The Story of Our People - puyaləpabš: syəcəb ʔə tiił ʔiišədčəł"
613:
30:
This article is about the federally-recognized tribe. For the ethnic group, see
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1970:
1930:
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The Fife location includes a casino and a 140-room hotel. The tribe adapted a
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1131:"Puyallup Tribe's new mega casino will be Vegas on I-5 when it opens in 2019"
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Puyallup Tribe of Indians. All three courts operate in the same facility.
2644:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
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816:, treaty rights advocate and former member of the Puyallup Tribal Council
807:
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The language has declined in recent years, with the last fluent speaker,
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546:
361:
The primary governing body of the Puyallup Tribe is the Tribal Council (
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788:
449: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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2188:
1261:"Indian tribe agrees to drop claim to Tacoma land for $ 162 million"
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region. Lushootseed is split into two major dialects, Northern and
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1990:
1603:
779:
232:
172:
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1394:
Puyallup Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land, Washington
1422:
1236:, Contemporary American ethnic issues, Greenwood, p. 67,
629:
is the reservation of the Puyallup Tribe, located in parts of
259:
1211:(Map). 1:47,216. United States Census Bureau. June 14, 2021
1105:"New Emerald Queen Casino in Tacoma announces opening date"
822:(1931–2014), former chairman of the Puyallup Tribal Council
345:
In 1936 the Puyallup Tribe was officially formed under the
271:
329:, although the reservation was established in 1854 in the
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lies entirely within the reservation as does much of the
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256:
534:
Since the late 20th century, numerous states have used
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325:
The Puyallup Tribe was established in 1936 after the
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617:
U.S. Government map of the reservation in 1892. The
306:'people of the bend'; commonly known as the
274:
268:
253:
542:and other gambling facilities to generate revenue.
262:
834:, political and environmental activist and former
794:The Puyallup Language Program operates a website,
90:Historic Puyallup territory and modern reservation
2675:
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734:Puyallup Tribe of Indians Settlement Act of 1989
27:Federally recognized tribe in Washington (state)
1019:
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989:
621:was later straightened along its lower course.
2027:
1828:
1443:
2689:Native American tribes in Washington (state)
2192:Map of Washington highlighting Pierce County
1255:
1014:
852:
801:
736:. It became one of the largest 20th century
1276:
1025:"Tribal Council - sk'ʷapad ʔə tiiɫ siʔiʔab"
986:
972:Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board
572:Halquist Productions, Inc., is host to the
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2020:
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1821:
1523:
1450:
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1223:
1270:
889:
509:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1400:Communities on the Puyallup Reservation
1184:. United States Census Bureau. May 2023
522:surrounded by ritual and spirituality.
414:
206:73,935 km (28,546 sq mi)
14:
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1229:
1128:
1048:
861:
758:The language of the Puyallup Tribe is
2015:
1816:
1431:
955:
1389:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1182:"Census Profile: Tacoma, Washington"
706:and the unincorporated community of
447:adding citations to reliable sources
418:
1049:Talbot, Peter (February 23, 2023).
24:
2187:
2042:Municipalities and communities of
1370:
25:
2705:
1720:Swinomish Indian Tribal Community
1406:
1377:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
1103:Cockrell, Debbie (June 1, 2020).
1090:"New Emerald Queen Casino Tacoma"
596:
529:
356:
163:Federally-recognized Indian Tribe
60:Federally-recognized Indian Tribe
43:Federally-recognized Indian Tribe
1844:
1277:David Wilma (October 21, 2006),
1156:"Marine View Ventures > News"
593:with capacity for 2,000 people.
423:
405:
249:
84:
69:
1776:Port Madison Indian Reservation
1341:
1316:
1291:
1196:
1174:
1148:
1129:Sailor, Craig (July 24, 2018).
1122:
1096:
434:needs additional citations for
1715:Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians
1082:
1068:
1042:
930:
906:University of Washington Press
738:Indian land claims settlements
641:. The reservation, located at
608:
386:Vice Chairwoman: Sylvia Miller
216: • Enrolled members:
13:
1:
1402:, United States Census Bureau
882:
340:
1771:Swinomish Indian Reservation
1725:Tulalip Tribes of Washington
190: • Vice Chairwoman
7:
1698:Federally recognized tribes
1396:United States Census Bureau
743:
627:Puyallup Indian Reservation
458:"Puyallup Tribe of Indians"
224: • On-reservation
10:
2710:
1710:Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe
859:Lushootseed pronunciation:
747:
556:, which it berthed in the
312:federally-recognized tribe
29:
2649:
2639:
2611:
2584:
2560:
2505:
2237:
2199:
2185:
2075:
2056:
2045:Pierce County, Washington
1861:
1789:
1763:
1745:Puyallup Tribe of Indians
1705:Upper Skagit Indian Tribe
1697:
1632:
1581:
1570:
1532:
1521:
1500:
1484:
1473:
1413:Puyallup Tribe of Indians
942:Puyallup Tribe of Indians
896:Bates, Dawn; Hess, Thom;
802:Notable Puyallup citizens
347:Indian Reorganization Act
327:Indian Reorganization Act
245:Puyallup Tribe of Indians
231:
223:
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138:
130:
95:
83:
65:
58:
52:
50:Puyallup Tribe of Indians
48:
2594:Joint Base Lewis–McChord
1740:Muckleshoot Indian Tribe
1540:Salishan oral narratives
1418:Puyallup Tribal Language
1380:"Puyallup Indians"
1353:Puyallup Tribal Language
1328:Puyallup Tribal Language
1303:Puyallup Tribal Language
1230:Rosier, Paul C. (2003),
845:
796:Puyallup Tribal Language
723:Treaty of Medicine Creek
708:Fife Heights, Washington
367:sk̓ʷapad ʔə tiiɫ siʔiʔab
331:Treaty of Medicine Creek
174:sk̓ʷapad ʔə tiiɫ siʔiʔab
1735:Snoqualmie Indian Tribe
863:[spoʲˈɑːləpabʃ]
780:
366:
296:
173:
2193:
1750:Nisqually Indian Tribe
1287:, Seattle: History Ink
1233:Native American Issues
902:Lushootseed Dictionary
768:many different peoples
660:47.24389°N 122.37083°W
622:
115:47.24389°N 122.37083°W
34:. For other uses, see
2191:
1790:Non-recognized groups
1781:Nisqually Reservation
1463:-speaking peoples of
1386:Catholic Encyclopedia
1299:"About Twulshootseed"
1162:on September 11, 2014
764:Coast Salish language
616:
383:Chairman: Bill Sterud
182: • Chairman
2684:Lushootseed language
2662:United States portal
1755:Squaxin Island Tribe
1476:Lushootseed language
1423:Emerald Queen Casino
750:Southern Lushootseed
665:47.24389; -122.37083
443:improve this article
415:Economic development
139:Reservation expanded
120:47.24389; -122.37083
18:Emerald Queen Casino
1881:Jamestown S'Klallam
1851:Indian reservations
1550:Transformer/Changer
1492:Lushootseed grammar
1324:"About the Program"
1259:(August 29, 1988),
832:Robert Satiacum Jr.
699:, and Federal Way.
656: /
131:Reservation created
111: /
2562:Indian reservation
2194:
1265:The New York Times
974:. February 9, 2016
623:
574:Battle at the Boat
203: • Total
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2655:Washington portal
2009:
2008:
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1809:
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1692:
1519:
1518:
915:978-0-295-97323-4
840:faithless elector
836:Electoral College
519:
518:
511:
493:
375:
305:
241:
240:
168: • Body
160: • Type
16:(Redirected from
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2407:North Fort Lewis
2190:
2179:University Place
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2061:
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2046:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2013:
2012:
1849:
1848:
1837:
1830:
1823:
1814:
1813:
1802:Steilacoom Tribe
1633:Southern peoples
1582:Northern peoples
1579:
1578:
1574:
1527:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1467:
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1158:. Archived from
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1135:The News Tribune
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1109:The News Tribune
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1055:The News Tribune
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968:"Puyallup Tribe"
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176:
171:Tribal council (
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2422:Prairie Heights
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2005:
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1730:Suquamish Tribe
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1371:Further reading
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1166:September 11,
1161:
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1140:September 18,
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820:Herman Dillon
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591:events center
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562:Emerald Queen
559:
555:
554:Emerald Queen
551:
548:
543:
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513:
510:
502:
499:February 2024
491:
488:
484:
481:
477:
474:
470:
467:
463:
460: –
459:
455:
454:Find sources:
448:
444:
438:
437:
432:This section
430:
426:
421:
420:
412:
406:Tribal Courts
400:
398:Monica Miller
397:
394:
392:James Rideout
391:
389:Annette Bryan
388:
385:
382:
381:
380:
377:
373:
368:
364:
363:Twulshootseed
354:
350:
348:
338:
334:
332:
328:
323:
321:
318:from western
317:
313:
309:
303:
298:
294:
293:Twulshootseed
290:
289:
279:
246:
236:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
209:
205:
201:
196:
193:Sylvia Miller
192:
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184:
180:
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170:
166:
162:
158:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
124:
96:Coordinates:
94:
87:
82:
72:
64:
57:
47:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2327:Frederickson
2312:Fife Heights
2287:Clover Creek
2272:Browns Point
2064:
1996:Upper Skagit
1926:Port Madison
1764:Reservations
1744:
1384:
1358:February 23,
1356:. Retrieved
1352:
1343:
1333:February 23,
1331:. Retrieved
1327:
1318:
1308:February 23,
1306:. Retrieved
1302:
1293:
1282:
1272:
1264:
1257:Timothy Egan
1251:
1232:
1225:
1213:. Retrieved
1204:
1198:
1186:. Retrieved
1176:
1164:. Retrieved
1160:the original
1150:
1138:. Retrieved
1134:
1124:
1112:. Retrieved
1108:
1098:
1084:
1070:
1058:. Retrieved
1054:
1044:
1034:February 23,
1032:. Retrieved
1028:
1006:February 23,
1004:. Retrieved
1000:
978:February 23,
976:. Retrieved
971:
947:February 21,
945:. Retrieved
941:
932:
901:
891:
854:
793:
786:
757:
731:
727:reservations
720:
701:
678:
637:counties of
626:
624:
604:
600:
587:
582:Best Western
579:
570:
568:facilities.
566:
561:
553:
544:
533:
524:
520:
505:
496:
486:
479:
472:
465:
453:
441:Please help
436:verification
433:
409:
378:
360:
351:
344:
335:
324:
307:
244:
242:
40:
2613:Ghost towns
2570:Muckleshoot
2509:communities
2472:Summit View
2447:South Creek
2437:Raft Island
2387:McChord AFB
2091:Bonney Lake
2060:County seat
1921:Port Gamble
1906:Muckleshoot
1891:Lower Elwha
1466:Puget Sound
1460:Lushootseed
1284:HistoryLink
904:. Seattle:
898:Hilbert, Vi
808:Ella Aquino
772:Puget Sound
760:Lushootseed
754:Lushootseed
716:2000 census
674:Federal Way
663: /
651:122°22′15″W
609:Reservation
547:paddlewheel
401:Fred Dillon
297:spuyaləpabš
185:Bill Sterud
147:Established
118: /
106:122°22′15″W
53:spuyaləpabš
2678:Categories
2598:Fort Lewis
2452:South Hill
2377:Longbranch
2372:Lake Tapps
2362:Key Center
2337:Greenwater
2322:Fox Island
2317:Fort Lewis
2297:Dash Point
2282:Clear Lake
2277:Canterwood
2224:Steilacoom
2214:Eatonville
2127:Gig Harbor
1966:Snoqualmie
1855:Washington
1685:Sahewamish
1675:Steilacoom
1645:Snoqualmie
883:References
873:-ləp-ahbsh
789:Vi Hilbert
781:txʷəlšucid
766:spoken by
648:47°14′38″N
469:newspapers
341:Government
320:Washington
211:Population
155:Government
103:47°14′38″N
2640:Footnotes
2626:Hillhurst
2497:Wollochet
2382:Maplewood
2367:La Grande
2307:Elk Plain
2262:Artondale
2209:Carbonado
1986:Swinomish
1961:Skokomish
1911:Nisqually
1680:Nisqually
1665:Suquamish
1660:Sammamish
1650:Shilshole
1640:Skykomish
1624:Snohomish
1609:Kikiallus
1599:Swinomish
1215:March 14,
1188:March 14,
1114:March 23,
838:elector,
550:riverboat
395:Anna Bean
2694:Puyallup
2576:Puyallup
2552:Reliance
2547:Paradise
2532:Glencove
2527:Electron
2522:Cromwell
2457:Spanaway
2442:Rosedale
2417:Parkland
2397:McMillin
2352:Kapowsin
2252:Alderton
2229:Wilkeson
2154:Puyallup
2132:Lakewood
2122:Fircrest
2111:Enumclaw
2106:Edgewood
1941:Quinault
1936:Quileute
1931:Puyallup
1916:Nooksack
1886:Kalispel
1871:Colville
1866:Chehalis
1670:Puyallup
1655:Duwamish
1545:dukʷibəɬ
1511:Southern
1507:Northern
1501:Dialects
1060:March 1,
924:29877333
900:(1994).
776:Southern
744:Language
697:Puyallup
693:Edgewood
536:gambling
237:Puyallup
36:Puyallup
2631:Melmont
2621:Fairfax
2537:Lakebay
2517:Burnett
2477:Tehaleh
2402:Midland
2392:McKenna
2292:Crocker
2267:Ashford
2148:Pacific
2096:Buckley
1991:Tulalip
1971:Spokane
1604:Nuwhaha
1573:Peoples
1533:Culture
1485:Grammar
770:in the
483:scholar
374:
310:) is a
304:
233:Demonym
2487:Waller
2482:Vaughn
2467:Summit
2332:Graham
2174:Tacoma
2169:Sumner
2164:Ruston
2143:Orting
2137:Milton
2101:DuPont
2085:Auburn
2077:Cities
2067:Tacoma
2001:Yakama
1946:Samish
1594:Skagit
1560:Ayahos
1349:"Home"
1240:
922:
912:
689:Milton
681:Waller
631:Pierce
552:, the
485:
478:
471:
464:
456:
2507:Other
2492:Wauna
2432:Purdy
2247:Alder
2201:Towns
1901:Makah
1896:Lummi
1209:(PDF)
869:spoy-
846:Notes
540:bingo
490:JSTOR
476:books
227:2,500
219:4,000
2347:Home
2302:Elbe
2239:CDPs
2117:Fife
1614:Sauk
1360:2024
1335:2024
1310:2024
1238:ISBN
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