Médecins Sans Frontières

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a mission, with the national staff most often reporting to the senior staff who have come from elsewhere. There are ongoing complaints from national staff that they are treated less favourably, employed on more dangerous tasks, paid considerably less, and are without access to benefits of housing, health care, and other advantages afforded incoming expatriate staff. MSF stated in 2020 that this policy would be reviewed with the intent to eliminate differential treatment. These practices, amongst other concerns, were the catalyst for a 2020 statement by 1,000 of its current and former employees outlining their concerns regarding the organisation's perceived structural racism. Included in the collective staff statement was testimony of personal experiences of racism within MSF, both in the form of adverse treatment in the workplace, and what is perceived as a white supremacist and colonial mindset expressed in the formation and implementation of programmes.

689:(who became the organisation's president in 1982) brought increased financial independence to MSF by introducing fundraising-by-mail to better collect donations. The 1980s also saw the establishment of the other operational sections from MSF-France (1971): MSF-Belgium (1980), MSF-Switzerland (1981), MSF-Holland (1984), and MSF-Spain (1986). MSF-Luxembourg was the first support section, created in 1986. The early 1990s saw the establishment of the majority of the support sections: MSF-Greece (1990), MSF-USA (1990), MSF-Canada (1991), MSF-Japan (1992), MSF-UK (1993), MSF-Italy (1993), MSF-Australia (1994), as well as Germany, Austria, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Hong Kong (MSF-UAE was formed later). Malhuret and Brauman were instrumental in professionalising MSF. In December 1979, after the 907: 1151:, Southern Sudan, to cope with the overwhelming number of patients that are seeking treatment. MSF has been providing necessary medical supplies to hospitals and training Sudanese health professionals to help them deal with Kala-Azar. MSF, Sudanese Ministry of Health and other national and international institutions are combining efforts to improve on the treatment and diagnosis of Kala-Azar. Research on its cures and vaccines are currently being conducted. In December 2010, South Sudan was hit with the worst outbreak of Kala-Azar in eight years. The number of patients seeking treatment increased eight-fold as compared to the year before. 1712: 2590:

visible; child rape survivors and sexual and domestic abuse survivors, with details of their experiences included. Intended to increase awareness of dire conditions prevailing in places where MSF works and the need for their programmes, the images were used on MSF and community websites and in print publications. Licensing of the images were available for sale to image databases. The ethics of exposing devastated or victimised individuals, sometimes with partially identifying information was questioned. Following the criticism, MSF decided to cease use of the images. The removal of the images was in turn also criticised.

1585: 1290: 262: 227: 1482:. The organisation operates eleven hospitals and health centres in Yemen and provides support to another 18 hospitals or health centres. According to MSF, since October 2015, four of its hospitals and one ambulance have been destroyed by Saudi-led coalition airstrikes. In August 2016, an airstrike on Abs hospital killed 19 people, including one MSF staff member, and wounded 24. According to MSF, the GPS coordinates of the hospital were repeatedly shared with all parties to the conflict, including the Saudi-led coalition, and its location was well-known. 2415:

rationally and systematically mutilated. Her ears had been cut off. And her face had been so carefully disfigured that a pattern was obvious in the slashes. She was one among many—living an inhuman and simply indescribable suffering. We could do little more for her at the moment than stop the bleeding with a few necessary sutures. We were completely overwhelmed, and she knew that there were so many others. She said to me in the clearest voice I have ever heard, 'Allez, allez...ummera, ummerasha'—'Go, go...my friend, find and let live your courage.'

7554: 8452: 1552: 483:, and witnessed civilians being murdered and starved by the blockading forces. The doctors publicly criticised the Nigerian government and the Red Cross for their seemingly complicit behaviour. These doctors concluded that a new aid organisation was needed that would ignore political/religious boundaries and prioritise the welfare of survivors. Apart from Nigeria, MSF exists in several African countries including Benin, Zambia, Uganda, Kenya, South Africa, Rwanda, Sudan, Sierra Leone, and others. 2708: 1002: 1352:

In partnership with local health authorities and other NGOs, MSF encouraged decentralized clinics and rendered localized treatments to more rural areas from 2006. Since 2007, MSF has extended general health care, counselling, HIV/AIDS and TB treatment to prisons in Phnom Penh via mobile clinics. However, poor sanitation and lack of health care still prevails in most Cambodian prisons as they remain as some of the world's most crowded prisons.

2392: 1167:. MSF medical teams were active throughout and prior to the civil war, providing emergency medical humanitarian assistance in multiple locations. The situation of poor infrastructure in the South was aggravated by the civil war and resulted in the worsening of the region's appalling health indicators. An estimated 75 percent of people in the nascent nation has no access to basic medical care and 1 in seven women dies during childbirth. 954:, reports from Haiti indicated that all three of the organisation's hospitals had been severely damaged; one collapsing completely and the other two having to be abandoned. Following the quake, MSF sent about nine planes loaded with medical equipment and a field hospital to help treat the victims. However, the landings of some of the planes had to be delayed due to the massive number of humanitarian and military flights coming in. 1022:, which sees the most deaths and cases of the disease in the world, is a major task for volunteers. Of the 14.6 million people in need of anti-retroviral treatment the WHO estimated that only 5.25 million people were receiving it in developing countries, and MSF continues to urge governments and companies to increase research and development into HIV/AIDS treatments to decrease cost and increase availability. 705:, MSF set up nutrition programmes in the country in 1984, but was expelled in 1985 after denouncing the abuse of international aid and the forced resettlements. MSF's explicit attacks on the Ethiopian government led to other NGOs criticizing their abandonment of their supposed neutrality and contributed to a series of debates in France around humanitarian ethics. The group also set up equipment to produce clean 643:("witnessing"), which refers to speaking out about the suffering that one sees as opposed to remaining silent, was being opposed or played down by Malhuret and his supporters. Malhuret thought MSF should avoid criticism of the governments of countries in which they were working, while Kouchner believed that documenting and broadcasting the suffering in a country was the most effective way to solve a problem. 426: 807: 1147:

its first Kala-Azar treatment centre in Eastern Sudan, providing free treatment for this otherwise deadly disease. If left untreated, there is a fatality rate of 99% within 1–4 months of infection. Since the treatment centre was set up, MSF has cured more than 27,000 Kala-Azar patients with a success rate of approximately 90–95%. There are plans to open an additional Kala-Azar treatment centre in

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location of epidemic increases (or "seasons") and stockpile vaccines and other drugs. For example, the "Meningitis Belt" (sub-Saharan Africa, which sees the most cases of meningitis in the world) has been "mapped" and the meningitis season occurs between December and June. Shifts in the location of the Belt and the timing of the season can be predicted using cumulative data over many years.

327:. In 2019, the charity was active in 70 countries with over 35,000 personnel; mostly local doctors, nurses and other medical professionals, logistical experts, water and sanitation engineers, and administrators. Private donors provide about 90% of the organisation's funding, while corporate donations provide the rest, giving MSF an annual budget of approximately US$ 1.63 billion. 230: 51: 1687:, where long-term displacement and geopolitical circumstances have left many residents without long-term purpose or clear strategies for action. Humanitarian actors, like Médecins Sans Frontières, have sometimes responded by proferring coping skills to residents as a humanitarian aim and outcome. In the late 2000s, Médecins Sans Frontières launched a mental health program in 229: 1864:, and education of the population in personal hygiene. Proper wastewater treatment and water sanitation are the best way to prevent the spread of serious water-borne diseases, such as cholera. Simple wastewater treatment systems can be set up by volunteers to protect drinking water from contamination. Garbage disposal could include pits for normal waste and incineration for 235: 233: 228: 350:, creed or political affiliation. MSF's principles and operational guidelines are highlighted in its Charter, the Chantilly Principles, and the later La Mancha Agreement. Governance is addressed in Section 2 of the Rules portion of this final document. MSF has an associative structure where operational decisions are made, independently, by the six operational centres ( 234: 1175:, South Sudan, was looted and attacked by raiders. Hundreds, including women and children were killed. Valuable items including medical equipment and drugs were lost during the raid and parts of the MSF facilities were destroyed in a fire. The incident had serious repercussions as MSF is the only primary health care provider in this part of Jonglei State. 2212:. Insecurity in cities in Afghanistan and Iraq rose significantly following United States operations, and MSF has declared that providing aid in these countries was too dangerous. The organisation was forced to evacuate its teams from Afghanistan on 28 July 2004, after five staff (Afghans Fasil Ahmad and Besmillah, Belgian Hélène de Beir, Norwegian 232: 1708:, both of which cause weight loss and weakening of a person's body (especially in children), must be treated with medication and proper nutrition to prevent further infections and weight loss. A combination of the above situations, as when a civil war is fought during times of drought and infectious disease outbreaks, can create famine. 927:

see – terms that the rest of the MSF movement had refused. A non-MSF source alleged that the exclusion of the Greek section happened because its members extended aid to both Albanian and Serbian civilians in Pristina during NATO's bombing. The rift was healed only in 2005 with the re-admission of the Greek section to MSF.

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the epidemic. This has prompted efforts by MSF to set up and fund a malaria outreach project and utilise Village Malaria Workers. MSF also introduced a switching of first-line treatment to a combination therapy (Artesunate and Mefloquine) to combat resistance and fatality of old drugs that were used to treat the disease traditionally.

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events led to a debate within the organisation about the concept of balancing neutrality of humanitarian aid workers against their witnessing role. As a result of its Rwanda mission, the position of MSF with respect to neutrality moved closer to that of the ICRC, a remarkable development in the light of the origin of the organisation.

778:. MSF was the only organisation providing medical care to the surrounded civilians, and as such, did not denounce the genocide for fear of being expelled from the country (it did, however, denounce the lack of access for other organisations). MSF was forced to leave the area in 1995 when the Bosnian Serb Army captured the town. 40,000 1523:, in collaboration with local health authorities, MSF has launched a program to support foreign individuals who have survived torture and other deliberate acts of violence. Moreover, MSF Italy possesses the capability to provide psychological first aid to individuals who have undergone particularly traumatic experiences during their 1348:

Cambodian Ministry of Health in various provinces to integrate HIV/AIDS treatment, alongside hypertension, diabetes, and arthritis which have high prevalence rate. This aims to reduce facility-related stigma as patients are able to seek treatment in a multi-purpose clinic in contrast to a HIV/AIDS specialised treatment centre.

1261:, and HIV/AIDS occur in epidemics in the country, and volunteers provide vaccinations (in the cases of measles and polio) and/or treatment to the residents. Mental health is also an important aspect of medical treatment for MSF teams in Uganda since most people refuse to leave the IDP camps for constant fear of being attacked. 1576:, but they usually also help with setting up treatment centres and supervising local staff. Other non-medical staff are water/sanitation specialists, who are usually experienced engineers in the fields of water treatment and management and financial/administration/human resources experts who are placed with field missions. 385:). Common policies on core issues are coordinated by the International Council, in which each of the 24 sections (national offices) is represented. The International Council meets in Geneva, Switzerland, where the International Office, which coordinates international activities common to the operational centres, is based. 2224:. In June 2007, Elsa Serfass, a staff member with MSF-France, was killed in the Central African Republic and in January 2008, two expatriate staff (Damien Lehalle and Victor Okumu) and a national staff member (Mohammed Bidhaan Ali) were killed in an organised attack in Somalia resulting in the closing of the project. 2586:") sex workers by field staff, against MSF policy; and disparaging attitudes and remarks from staff regarding the supposed sexual availability of patients or community members, or an expressed intent to barter medical treatment for sex. Nearly all the resulting dismissals related to inter-staff sexual misconduct. 1062:. The groups of men were travelling between villages and systematically chopping off one or both of each resident's arms, raping women, gunning down families, razing houses, and forcing survivors to leave the area. Long-term projects following the end of the civil war included psychological support and 1454:, at that date the last remaining vessel supported by MSF. This came after attacks by EU states that stripped the vessel of its registration and produced criminal accusations against MSF. Up to then 80,000 people had been rescued or assisted since the beginning of the mission. Operations resumed with 1013:

MSF has been active in a large number of African countries for decades, sometimes serving as the sole provider of health care, food, and water. Although MSF has consistently attempted to increase media coverage of the situation in Africa to increase international support, long-term field missions are

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was created by the ICRC in 1994 to provide a framework for humanitarian missions and MSF is a signatory of this code. The code advocates the provision of humanitarian aid only, and groups are urged not to serve any political or religious interest, or be used as a tool for foreign governments. MSF has

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and reconstruct the country's health care system. Although its missions to Thailand to help victims of war in Southeast Asia could arguably be seen as its first wartime mission, MSF saw its first mission to a true war zone, including exposure to hostile fire, in 1976. MSF spent nine years (1976–1984)

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MSF has maintained separate employment conditions and pay for its "national staff" (those employed locally for field missions) and its "international staff" (those deployed from regional or national units to field missions in other countries). The international staff tend to hold the senior posts on

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find that producing these drugs is no longer profitable and may raise the price per treatment, decrease development of the drug (and new treatments) or even stop production of the drug. MSF often lacks effective drugs during field missions, and started the campaign to put pressure on governments and

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In most countries, MSF increases the capabilities of local hospitals by improving sanitation, providing equipment and drugs, and training local hospital staff. When the local staff is overwhelmed, MSF may open new specialised clinics for treatment of an endemic disease or surgery for victims of war.

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MSF also provided humanitarian aid in times of natural disaster such as a major flood in 2002 which affected up to 1.47 million people. MSF introduced a community-based tuberculosis programme in 2004 in remote villages, where village volunteers are delegated to facilitate the medication of patients.

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on 9 January 2005, the increase in stability within the region helped further efforts in healthcare delivery. Médicins Sans Frontières tested a combination of sodium stibogluconate and paromomycin, which would reduce treatment duration (from 30 to 17 days) and cost in 2008. In March 2010, MSF set up

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On June 20, 2024, MSF announced closing down its access-to-medicines campaign focused on enabling access to medicines in resource limited settings. MSF plans to replace the campaign with a new effort that will focus on products, like medicines and vaccines, that MSF needs for its own relief efforts.

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by MSF employees, including sexual harassment and abuse of patients, local community members or other MSF staff. Nineteen people were fired as a result of MSF's investigations of complaints. The complaints ranged from sexual harassment by MSF colleagues; exploitation of local (and possibly underage

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rising from 24 percent to 46 percent over the decade 2012−2022, the international president Christos Christou acknowledged that the highest echelons of MSF were still dominated by those from the Global North. With its headquarters and five operational units located in western Europe, MSF's policies

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In order to accurately report the conditions of a humanitarian emergency to the rest of the world and to governing bodies, data on a number of factors are collected during each field mission. The rate of malnutrition in children is used to determine the malnutrition rate in the population, and then

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A field mission team usually consists of a small number of coordinators to head each component of a field mission, and a "head of mission". The head of mission usually has the most experience in humanitarian situations of the members of the team, and it is their job to deal with the media, national

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In 2007, MSF worked with the Cambodian Ministry of Health to provide psychosocial and technical support in offering pediatric HIV/AIDS treatment to affected children. MSF also provided medical supplies and staff to help in one of the worst dengue outbreaks in 2007, which had more than 40,000 people

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In 1999, Cambodia was hit with a malaria epidemic. The situation of the epidemic was aggravated by a lack of qualified practitioners and poor quality control which led to a market of fake antimalarial drugs. Counterfeit antimalarial drugs were responsible for the deaths of at least 30 people during

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of the country by rebel groups and the government led to several massacres, and MSF teams have even begun to suspect that an ethnic cleansing is occurring. Mass measles vaccinations, tuberculosis treatment and the re-opening of hospitals closed by fighting are projects run by MSF, which is the only

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A serious crisis within MSF erupted in connection with the organisation's work in Kosovo when the Greek section of MSF was expelled from the organisation. The Greek MSF section had gained access to Serbia at the cost of accepting Serb government imposed limits on where it could go and what it could

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who had been leading the campaign from 1999 to 2003 returned to MSF as the executive director of the Access Campaign. For the following three years she led a global analysis and advocacy team whose goal was to guarantee that appropriate medicines, vaccines and diagnostics are developed, available,

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has prompted efforts by MSF to set up a hospital and mental health services to help locals affected by the conflict. The fighting created a backlog of patients that needed surgery. With parts of the country slowly returning to livable, MSF has started working with local health personnel to address

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In 1986, MSF created Epicentre, an in-house research organisation, to support its activities. Epicentre conducts training, publishes scientific papers and develops new techniques for MSF. It performs epidemiological research, conducts clinical vaccine trials during outbreaks MSF is responding to,

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A Therapeutic Feeding Centre (or Therapeutic Feeding Programme) is designed to treat severe malnutrition through the gradual introduction of a special diet intended to promote weight gain after the individual has been treated for other health problems. The treatment programme is split between two

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MSF has been active in Italy since 1999, providing comprehensive assistance - including humanitarian, medical, psychological, and socio-health support - to migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees across the country. Over the years, its efforts have spanned various initiatives, from aiding migrant

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ended in 2009 and MSF has adapted its activities there to continue its mission. For example, it helps with physical therapy for patients with spinal cord injuries. It conducts counseling sessions, and has set up an "operating theatre for reconstructive orthopaedic surgery and supplied specialist

1082:, prevalent malnutrition and one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. In March 2009, it is reported that MSF has employed 4,590 field staff in Sudan tackling issues such as armed conflicts, epidemic diseases, health care and social exclusion. MSF's continued presence and work in 802:

operational throughout the main period of the genocide. MSF, together with several other aid organisations, had to leave the country in 1995, although many MSF and ICRC volunteers worked together under the ICRC's rules of engagement, which held that neutrality was of the utmost importance. These

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as a duty, in particular on the part of Western nations such as France. In 2007 MSF clarified that for nearly 30 years MSF and Kouchner have had public disagreements on such issues as the right to intervene and the use of armed force for humanitarian reasons. Kouchner is in favour of the latter,

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There were hundreds of women, children and men brought to the hospital that day, so many that we had to lay them out on the street and even operate on some of them there. The gutters around the hospital ran red with blood. The woman had not just been attacked with a machete, but her entire body

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are used to report the seriousness of a humanitarian emergency, and a common method used to measure mortality in a population is to have staff constantly monitoring the number of burials at cemeteries. By compiling data on the frequency of diseases in hospitals, MSF can track the occurrence and

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Cambodia is one of 22 countries listed by WHO as having a high burden of tuberculosis. WHO estimates that 64% of all Cambodians carry the tuberculosis mycobacterium. Hence, MSF has since shifted its focus away from HIV/AIDS to tuberculosis, handing over most HIV-related programs to local health

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More than a thousand staffers accused the charity of white supremacy when they voiced their concerns in a 2020 petition. One staffer from Cameroon detailed her experiences with racism from the group's leaders. Many concerns involved different treatment of expatriate staff from Europe and North

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Another controversy involved images taken without informed consent of vulnerable patients, some of whom were minors without adult guardians. Some images were criticised as exploitative and objectifying. They included a photograph of a mother mourning the death of her baby, with the boy's body

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Although the medical volunteers almost always receive the most media attention when the world becomes aware of an MSF field mission, there are a number of non-medical volunteers who help keep the field mission functioning. Logisticians are responsible for providing everything that the medical

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Since most of the areas that require field missions have been affected by a natural disaster, civil war, or endemic disease, the residents usually require psychological support as well. Although the presence of an MSF medical team may decrease stress somewhat among survivors, often a team of

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Cambodia is one of the hardest hit HIV/AIDS countries in Southeast Asia. In 2001, MSF started introducing antiretroviral (ARV) therapy to AIDS patients for free. This therapy prolongs the patients' lives and is a long-term treatment. In 2002, MSF established chronic diseases clinics with the

2239:, was kidnapped and held hostage in an unknown location by unknown abductors from 12 August 2002 until 11 April 2004. Paul Foreman, head of MSF-Holland, was arrested in Sudan in May 2005 for refusing to divulge documents used in compiling a report on rapes carried out by the pro-government 1381:

the needs. The need for psychological counseling has increased and MSF has set up mental health services to address the fears and stress of people living in tents without water and electricity. Currently MSF is the only International Aid organisation with actual presence in the country.

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Silence has long been confused with neutrality, and has been presented as a necessary condition for humanitarian action. From its beginning, MSF was created in opposition to this assumption. We are not sure that words can always save lives, but we know that silence can certainly kill.

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as a result of war, drought, or government economic mismanagement. Intentional starvation is also sometimes used during a war as a weapon, and MSF, in addition to providing food, brings awareness to the situation and insists on foreign government intervention. Infectious diseases and

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in developing countries. "Essential medicines" are those drugs that are needed in sufficient supply to treat a disease common to a population. However, most diseases common to populations in developing countries are no longer common to populations in developed countries; therefore,

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Medical volunteers include physicians, surgeons, nurses, and various other specialists. In addition to operating the medical and nutrition components of the field mission, these volunteers are sometimes in charge of a group of local medical staff and provide training for them.

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International staff start these clinics but MSF strives to increase the local staff's ability to run the clinics themselves through training and supervision. In some countries, like Nicaragua, MSF provides public education to increase awareness of reproductive health care and

1651:), AIDS testing, and education. MSF is the only source of treatment for many countries in Africa, whose citizens make up the majority of people with HIV and AIDS worldwide. Because antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) are not readily available, MSF usually provides treatment for 914:

In 1999, the organisation spoke out about the lack of humanitarian support in Kosovo and Chechnya, having set up field missions to help civilians affected by the respective political situations. Although MSF had worked in the Kosovo region since 1993, the onset of the

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MSF staff are sometimes attacked or kidnapped. In some countries, humanitarian-aid organisations are viewed as helping the enemy. If an aid mission is perceived to be exclusively set up for victims on one side of the conflict, it may come under attack. However, the

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At the time of the genocide, competition between the medical efforts of MSF, the ICRC, and other aid groups had reached an all-time high, but the conditions in Rwanda prompted a drastic change in the way humanitarian organisations approached aid missions. The

885:(NTD) status in, a WHO resolution and development of global strategy to decrease burden of snakebite. MSF highlighted the scarcity of anti-venom in Africa due to stoppage of manufacturing and brought urgency to the scenario and led media advocacy efforts. 1199:

due to extreme violence, but continues to work in other areas to provide food to tens of thousands of displaced civilians, as well as treat survivors of mass rapes and widespread fighting. The treatment and possible vaccination against diseases such as

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was forced from power, the country has seen a large increase in civilian attacks and rape by armed groups. In addition to providing surgical and psychological support in existing hospitals – offering the only free surgery available in

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While MSF hires ninety percent of its staff for missions "in-country", the organisation continues to have a preponderance of Europeans in its higher management. Despite the percentage of its international programme coordinators originating from the

263: 1640:. Some of these diseases, such as cholera and measles, spread rapidly in large populations living in close proximity, such as in a refugee camp, and people must be immunised by the hundreds or thousands in a short period of time. For example, in 825:

The ICRC lost 56 and MSF lost almost one hundred of their respective local staff in Rwanda, and MSF-France, which had chosen to evacuate its team from the country (the local staff were forced to stay), denounced the murders and demanded that a

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had destroyed most of the city and killed between 10,000 and 30,000 people. The organisation, today known for its quick response in an emergency, arrived three days after the Red Cross had set up a relief mission. On 18 and 19 September 1974,

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As of 2022, the most critical subjects of the campaign were rising antimicrobial resistance and outbreaks of epidemic diseases such as Ebola and COVID. Still, a lot of vaccines, diagnostics and medicines were inaccessible for people in need.

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A Médecins Sans Frontières staff member adjusts Dr. Joel Montgomery, Team Lead for CDC's Ebola Response Team in Liberia, goggles before Montgomery enters the Ebola treatment unit (ETU), ELWA 3. MSF operates the ELWA 3 ETU, which opened on 17

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Before a field mission is established in a country, an MSF team visits the area to determine the nature of the humanitarian emergency, the level of safety in the area and what type of aid is needed (this is called an "exploratory mission").

231: 1901:, excessive civilian casualties and massacres can be quantified using surveys, and MSF can use the results to put pressure on governments to provide help, or even expose genocide. MSF conducted the first comprehensive mortality survey in 973:. Psychological support is a major target of missions, but teams have also set up programmes to treat tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and malaria. Mental health support has been of significant importance for MSF in much of southern Asia since the 2560:

Questions about the ethical treatment of MSF staff, clients and communities by MSF as a result of some of its policies and practices have arisen, with issues being canvassed by employees, others in the development sector, and the media.

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is one of the organisation's largest interventions. MSF provides a range of health care services including nutritional support, reproductive healthcare, Kala-Azar treatment, counselling services and surgery to the people living in

755:, during which MSF set up field missions in 1992 alongside a UN peacekeeping mission. Although the UN-aborted operations by 1993, MSF representatives continued with their relief work, running clinics and hospitals for civilians. 6513: 6486: 3689: 3674: 4506: 4457: 3886: 3823: 3147: 4360: 1389:

MSF is providing Maritime Search And Rescue (SAR) services on the Mediterranean Sea to save the lives of migrants attempting to cross with unseaworthy boats. The Mission started in 2015 after the EU ended its major SAR

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saw the beginning of a long campaign of violence in northern Uganda and southern Sudan. Civilians were subjected to mass killings and rapes, torture, and abductions of children, who would later serve as sex slaves or

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is fed to patients. F-75 is a relatively low energy, low fat/protein milk powder that must be mixed with water and given to patients to prepare their bodies for phase 2. During phase 2, therapeutic milk called

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America, who are typically white, compared to national staff. In an interview with NPR, the president of the organisation acknowledged Doctors Without Borders was founded in racism and pledged to do better.

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alike, helping whichever group required the most medical aid at the time. In 1984, as the situation in Lebanon deteriorated further and security for aid groups was minimised, MSF withdrew its volunteers.

497:("Emergency Medical and Surgical Intervention Group") was formed in 1971 by French doctors who had worked in Biafra, to provide aid and to emphasize the importance of survivors' rights. At the same time, 1775:. F-100 and Plumpy'nut are designed to quickly provide large amounts of nutrients so that patients can be treated efficiently. Other special food fed to populations in danger of starvation includes 1787:. BP5 is a popular food for treating populations because it can be distributed easily and sent home with individuals, or it can be crushed and mixed with therapeutic milk for specific treatments. 980:

MSF went through a long process of self-examination and discussion in 2005–2006. Many issues were debated, including the treatment of "nationals" as well as "fair employment" and self-criticism.

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The early 1990s saw MSF open a number of new national sections, and at the same time, set up field missions in some of the most dangerous and distressing situations it had ever encountered.

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for "A Boat for Vietnam", a project intended to provide medical aid to the refugees. Although the project did not receive support from the majority of MSF, some, including later Minister

10273: 7778: 6517: 6490: 6950: 1841:, by digging a new well and/or starting a water treatment project to obtain clean water for a population. Water treatment in these situations may consist of storage sedimentation, 460:

and the United States sided with the Nigerian government), and the conditions within the blockade were unknown to the world. A number of French doctors volunteered with the French

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have kept MSF volunteers actively providing nutrition, basic health care, and mass vaccinations, and speaking out against attacks on hospitals and feeding stations, especially in

4503: 4454: 3883: 3820: 3155: 2247:). Foreman cited the privacy of the women involved, and MSF alleged that the Sudanese government had arrested him because it disliked the bad publicity generated by the report. 4357: 1868:. However, the most important subject in sanitation is the education of the local population, so that proper waste and water treatment can continue once MSF has left the area. 1359:

In 2010, Southern and Eastern provinces of Cambodia were hit with a cholera epidemic and MSF responded by providing medical support that were adapted for usage in the country.

842:, and subsequent cholera epidemics, starvation and more mass killings in the large groups of civilians. MSF-France returned to the area and provided medical aid to refugees in 10582: 7027:"Doctors Without Borders saves lives every day. Some insiders say it is also a racist workplace where nonwhite workers get worse pay, less security, and inferior medical care" 4968: 6547: 6462: 5541: 4087: 10140: 522:(now Bangladesh). Borel had intended to recruit doctors to provide aid to survivors of natural disasters. On 22 December 1971, the two groups of colleagues merged to form 919:

prompted the movement of tens of thousands of refugees, and a decline in suitable living conditions. MSF provided shelter, water and health care to civilians affected by

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in recognition of its members' continued efforts to provide medical care in acute crises, as well as raising international awareness of potential humanitarian disasters.

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A similar situation was found in Chechnya, whose civilian population was largely forced from their homes into unhealthy conditions and subjected to the violence of the

9307: 5470: 6335: 4340: 3595: 2341:, killing at least 20 and injuring dozens of patients and medical personnel. Both Russia and the United States denied responsibility or being in the area at the time. 639:

was elected as the new president of Médecins Sans Frontières in 1977, and soon after debates began over the future of the organisation. In particular, the concept of

2227:

Arrests and abductions in politically unstable regions can also occur for volunteers, and in some cases, MSF field missions can be expelled entirely from a country.

7247: 4991:

Janssens, Bart; Raleigh, Brian; Soeung, Seithaboth; Akao, Kazumi; Te, Vantha; Gupta, Jitendra; Chhy Vun, Mean; Ford, Nathan; Nouhin, Janin; Nerrienet, Eric (2007).

1758:

Phase 2 involves monitoring of the patient and several small meals of high energy/protein food spaced over each day until the individual's weight approaches normal.

1298:

During the Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014, MSF met serious medical demands largely on its own, after the organisation's early warnings were largely ignored.

8302: 6295: 5243: 4907: 1336:

MSF first provided medical help to civilians and refugees who have escaped to camps along the Thai-Cambodian border in 1979. Due to long decades of war, a proper

6873: 2656: 1458:

in July 2019, but the ship was seized in Sicily in July 2020. In May 2021, MSF returned to refugee rescue operations in the Mediterranean with a new vessel, the

10177: 9752: 8297: 2547: 974: 4790: 4259: 8488: 3449: 2926: 2208:

has generated attitudes among some groups in US-occupied countries that non-governmental aid organisations such as MSF are allied with or even work for the

10038: 9633: 2691: 950:; patients with HIV/AIDS and malaria, both of which are widespread in the country, also receive better treatment and monitoring. As a result of 12 January 4315: 4292: 4190: 1038:

area, and look after civilians affected by drug-resistant disease, famine, and epidemics of cholera and AIDS. They vaccinated 3 million Nigerians against

2315:

28 November 2015: An MSF-supported hospital was barrel-bombed by a Syrian Air Force helicopter, killing seven and wounding forty-seven people near Homs,

9808: 8143: 7675: 5356: 4882: 10572: 10532: 9681: 7808: 7665: 461: 5131: 5045: 10197: 9399: 8604: 8432: 5906: 5161: 834:

followed less than one month later. This intervention directly or indirectly resulted in movements of hundreds of thousands of Rwandan refugees to

469: 7036: 10031: 6936: 4170: 3981: 984: 7221: 946: – field missions have been set up to rebuild water and waste management systems and treat survivors of major flooding caused by 10527: 10261: 10091: 6844: 6730: 6643: 4817: 2187: 1046:

in 1997. Arguably, the most significant country in which MSF set up field missions in the late 1990s was Sierra Leone, which was involved in a

830:

intervention stop the genocide. MSF-France introduced the slogan "One cannot stop a genocide with doctors" to the media, and the controversial

6592: 4546: 1833:, for consumption and for feeding programmes (for mixing with powdered therapeutic milk or porridge), as well as for preventing the spread of 1519:, situated on the Italo-French border, MSF operates a mobile clinic specifically catering to migrants passing through the area. Meanwhile, in 542:

caused major flooding in Honduras and killed thousands of people (estimates vary), and MSF set up its first long-term medical relief mission.

10231: 9271: 9004: 7701: 3843: 3772: 3190: 3027:

Bortolotti, above, puts the death toll at 10,000. An estimate of 15,000 to 30,000, warning of an inevitable dysentery epidemic, comes from:

8855: 8427: 8158: 8153: 7831: 5201: 5101: 4636: 3938:"'Nationals' and 'expatriates': Challenges of fulfilling 'sans frontières' ('without borders') ideals in international humanitarian action" 1572:

component of a mission needs, ranging from security and vehicle maintenance to food and electricity supplies. They may be engineers and/or

6768: 6607: 4993:"Effectiveness of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Positive Children: Evaluation at 12 Months in a Routine Program in Cambodia" 8173: 7773: 284: 87: 6954: 400:, who was the president of the organisation at the time, accepted the prize on behalf of MSF. Prior to this, MSF also received the 1996 10542: 10314: 7984: 7581: 6086: 5961: 5945: 2145: 1589: 1515:, it delivers medical and psychological aid during migrant arrivals and ensures ongoing care within the region's reception centers. In 1394:

severely diminishing much needed SAR capacities in the Mediterranean. Throughout the mission MSF has operated its own vessels like the

7274: 6799: 9933: 9559: 8481: 8168: 7141: 4587:"Spinal cord injury in the emergency context: review of program outcomes of a spinal cord injury rehabilitation program in Sri Lanka" 2406:, gave the Nobel Peace Prize speech on behalf of the organisation. In the opening, he discusses the conditions of the victims of the 2025:

In addition to the Geneva global headquarters and five regional operational centers, as of 2020 MSF had national offices as follows:

1837:. As such, MSF water engineers and volunteers must create a source of clean water. This is usually achieved by modifying an existing 4559: 3937: 2664:

that tells the story of four MSF volunteer doctors confronting the challenges of medical work in war-torn areas of Liberia and Congo

10409: 9074: 8906: 8863: 8669: 8224: 8209: 7821: 7783: 5498: 5324: 4011: 2597:

donated $ 500,000 towards its COVID-19 crisis fund, leading to calls of hypocrisy from staff and other humanitarian organisations.

1771:, which is higher in energy/fat/protein content than F-75, is given to patients, usually along with a peanut butter mixture called 965:

resulted in a more recent MSF intervention (the first field mission was set up in 1999) to help civilians displaced by fighting in

795: 10587: 10577: 10562: 9423: 3963: 3705:"An Open Letter to Médecins Sans Frontières — Urgent Call to Reverse the Devastating Decision to Shutter the MSF Access Campaign" 2309: 1918: 1894: 1755:

Phase 1 lasts for 24 hours and involves basic health care and several small meals of low energy/protein food spaced over the day.

17: 2904: 1735:, a form of calorie and protein deficiency, is a more serious type of malnutrition in young children, and can negatively affect 571: 10547: 10537: 10522: 9801: 8148: 6748: 6273: 4915: 1058:, and collecting statistics on civilians (men, women and children) being attacked by large groups of men claiming to represent 1797:

or cholera, may also be present in a population, and MSF set up rehydration centres to combat this. A special solution called

1495:

In August and September 2022, MSF provided medical care to asylum seekers staying outside the overcrowded migration centre in

561:

missions in Thailand. When Vietnam withdrew from Cambodia in 1989, MSF started long-term relief missions to help survivors of

9914: 8319: 7373: 6096: 5715: 3759: 3475: 2449: 2305: 1762:

MSF uses foods designed specifically for treatment of severe malnutrition. During phase 1, a type of therapeutic milk called

1941:

to isolated areas of developing countries. SATMED was first deployed in Sierra Leone in support of the fight against Ebola.

1691:

camp in Lebanon, providing sexual and reproductive health services, mental health support, and health promotion activities.

8474: 8249: 8014: 7729: 6690: 6670: 4337: 677:

whereas MSF stands up for an impartial humanitarian action, independent from all political, economic and religious powers.

6999: 3704: 570:, and established a reputation for its neutrality and willingness to work under fire. Throughout the war, MSF helped both 10203: 8497: 8274: 7724: 7395: 6303: 5425: 2261:

Below is a partial list of notable incidents of direct violence against MSF staff or facilities, in chronological order:

1479: 1236:

MSF has been active in Uganda since 1980, and provided relief to civilians during the country's guerrilla war during the

4256: 1893:, and determining the rate of kidnappings, rapes, and killings, psychosocial programmes can be implemented to lower the 1237: 9659: 9525: 8938: 8244: 7943: 7606: 2844: 2650: 2626: 2518: 2281: 6712: 6164: 2866: 1564:

governments and other humanitarian organisations. The head of mission does not necessarily have a medical background.

1340:

system in the country was severely lacking and MSF moved inland in 1989 to help restructure basic medical facilities.

10012: 10007: 10002: 9997: 9992: 9982: 9977: 9972: 9967: 9962: 9794: 9140: 8188: 7927: 3773:"Solidaire – NATO used military operations data and assessments in Kosovo obtained by Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF)" 3244:

Davey, Eleanor (2011). "Famine, aid, and ideology: the political activism of Médecins Sans Frontières in the 1980s".

3230: 3101: 3012: 10023: 4312: 4289: 4187: 1644:, in 2004, an experimental cholera vaccine was received twice by approximately 50,000 residents in about one month. 1191:

brought increased violence and instability to the area. MSF has had to evacuate its teams from areas such as around

5075: 4816:

Janssens, B.; Van Damme, W.; Raleigh, B.; Gupta, J.; Khem, S.; Ty, K Soy; Vun, MC; Ford, N.; Zachariah, R. (2007).

2636: 2338: 2183:(Gleevec). This decision makes the drug available via generics on the Indian market at a considerably lower price. 1473: 702: 10495: 7325: 5215: 2930: 2265:

14 August 2013: MSF announced that it was closing all of its programmes in Somalia due to attacks on its staff by

8934: 8552: 8335: 8138: 7917: 7739: 6325: 5295: 2740: 2377:. MSF reported "MSF considers that all elements point to the responsibility of the Israeli army for this attack". 2355:, Afghanistan, was attacked by an unknown assailant. The attack left 24 people dead and at least 20 more injured. 1852:

Sanitation is an essential part of field missions, and it may include education of local medical staff in proper

775: 343: 5139: 5053: 4794: 852:

Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief Programmes

10557: 9850: 8219: 8004: 7877: 7734: 7623: 7574: 7299: 4404: 2966: 2641:, graphic 'novel' (a memoir in graphic-novel format) by Guibert, Emmanuel (2009); photography and narration by 10479: 6826: 3869: 2815: 1270: 456:. At this time, France was one of the few major countries supportive of the Biafrans (the United Kingdom, the 10552: 10419: 7696: 6487:"MSF: Ongoing insecurity in CAR threatens lives of civilians and humanitarians, blocking urgent medical care" 4818:"Offering integrated care for HIV/AIDS, diabetes and hypertension within chronic disease clinics in Cambodia" 4207:

Kolaczinski, Jan H.; Hope, Andrew; Ruiz, Jose Antonio; Rumunu, John; Richer, Michaleen; Seaman, Jill (2008).

798:(ICRC) medical team for protection. Both groups succeeded in keeping all main hospitals in Rwanda's capital 464:

to work in hospitals and feeding centers in besieged Biafra. One of the co-founders of the organisation was

10490: 10402: 8412: 8340: 8031: 7912: 5542:

MSF launches the first large-scale test of an oral vaccine against cholera in the city of Beira, Mozambique

3506: 2633:

A doctor's memoir of his first MSF posting on the medical frontlines in Angola, Mozambique, and South Sudan

2270: 1853: 1413: 1249:. Faced with more than 1.5 million people displaced from their homes, MSF set up relief programmes in 646:

In 1979, after four years of refugee movement from South Vietnam and the surrounding countries by foot and

5373: 2785: 2502: 1604:

Vaccination campaigns are a major part of the medical care provided during MSF missions. Diseases such as

10501: 10452: 10118: 10055: 9331: 8254: 8214: 7872: 7744: 5269: 5165: 2266: 2209: 1736: 1724: 1723:

In emergency situations where there is a lack of nutritious food, but not to the level of a true famine,

1250: 882: 2847:(in French). Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without borders). La création de Médecins Sans Frontières 2373:, resulting in deaths of two family members of MSF workers with one being a volunteer supporting MSF at 10468: 10344: 10320: 10095: 9411: 8612: 8417: 7979: 7953: 7922: 7393:

Katz IT, Wright AA (2004). "Collateral Damage – Médecins sans Frontières Leaves Afghanistan and Iraq".

6731:"Syrian war: Suspected Russian air strikes destroy two hospitals – despite so-called Syria 'ceasefire'" 5399: 5109: 4640: 4167: 3524: 2524: 1743:. Both types of malnutrition can make opportunistic infections fatal. In these situations, MSF sets up 1508:

arrivals to operating within reception centers and informal settlements in different regions of Italy.

1438: 1043: 906: 839: 10436: 3989: 3091: 2494: 10567: 10485: 10458: 9846: 8386: 8355: 8178: 7902: 7798: 7719: 7567: 7167: 4877: 2488: 2277: 2256: 1930: 1711: 1684: 1241: 1079: 966: 729: 673: 534: 300: 6358: 4855: 575: 10447: 10430: 9827: 8259: 8234: 7857: 5244:"June 2021 Update – Search and Rescue (SAR) operations in the Mediterranean and fundamental rights" 3297: 2425:

Orbinski affirmed the organisation's commitment to publicising the issues MSF encountered, stating

1740: 1647:

An equally important part of the medical care provided during MSF missions is AIDS treatment (with

1159:

Sudan's latest civil war began in 1983 and ended in 2005 when a peace agreement was signed between

747:, for which evidence of atrocities was being collected in 1991. 1991 also saw the beginning of the 725: 9283: 9263: 6234: 5426:"Sopravvivere alla Tortura - Modello di cura interdisciplinare per migranti e rifugiati a Palermo" 4963: 3194: 2344:

28 April 2016: An MSF hospital in Aleppo was bombed, killing 50, including six staff and patients.

1328:

surgeons, anaesthetists and nurses to operate on patients with complicated war-related injuries".

10463: 10442: 10395: 10079: 9956: 9178: 8365: 7618: 6977:"Médicins Sans Frontières – Sheikh Hamdan Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Award for Medical Sciences – HMA" 5679: 3776: 2285: 1652: 1539:

Medical aid is the main objective of most missions, although some missions help in such areas as

1307: 1217: 668:

and provided some medical aid to the boat people. The splinter organisation that undertook this,

10173: 5428:[Surviving torture - Interdisciplinary care model for migrants and refugees in Palermo] 2533: 2179:

drugs. On 1 April 2013, it was announced that the Indian court invalidated Novartis's patent on

1817:

are also sometimes given to individuals with diarrhoea if it is known that they have cholera or

1412:(2016–2017). MSF has also provided medical teams to support other NGOs and their ships like the 9903: 9889: 9770: 9759: 9740: 9725: 9714: 9703: 9688: 9677: 9666: 9655: 9640: 9629: 9618: 9599: 9588: 9577: 9566: 9551: 9536: 9521: 9510: 9499: 9488: 9473: 9158: 9147: 9136: 9125: 9117: 9108: 9096: 9089: 9085: 8808: 8580: 8576: 8516: 8345: 7867: 7428: 6208: 4739:

Yeung, Shunmay; Van Damme, Wim; Socheat, Duong; White, Nicholas J.; Mills, Anne (20 May 2008).

4688:

Yeung, Shunmay; Van Damme, Wim; Socheat, Doung; White, Nicholas J.; Mills, Anne (29 May 2008).

4662: 3271: 3064: 2167:

to drop its case against India's patent law that prevents Novartis from patenting its drugs in

2156: 2099:

MSF SARA (South Asia Regional Association: India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh)

1680: 1391: 1135: 1104: 1047: 938: 920: 895: 664:("The Island of Light"), and, along with doctors, journalists and photographers, sailed to the 647: 292: 5471:"A Palermo nasce un centro di supporto e assistenza per i migranti sopravvissuti alle torture" 3507:"The International Committee of the Red Cross and humanitarian assistance – A policy analysis" 1584: 1289: 831: 10354: 10193: 10163: 9603: 9235: 8847: 8588: 8350: 8307: 8229: 8092: 7852: 7659: 3941: 3749: 2680: 2510: 2216:, and Dutchman Willem Kwint) were killed on 2 June in an ambush by unidentified militia near 1798: 1434: 1377: 1269:

MSF first camp set up a field mission in Côte d'Ivoire in 1990, but ongoing violence and the

951: 794:

began in April 1994, some delegates of MSF working in the country were incorporated into the

690: 480: 3570: 782:

civilian inhabitants were deported, and approximately 7,000 were killed in mass executions.

9718: 8704: 8624: 8536: 8021: 7788: 6874:"MSF convoy attacked in Gaza: all elements point to the responsibility of the Israeli army" 6648: 6608:"Obama Issues Rare Apology Over Bombing of Doctors Without Borders Hospital in Afghanistan" 6570: 6540:"MSF shocked by arrest of Head of Mission in Sudan – charged with crimes against the state" 5444: 2370: 2150:

The Campaign for Access to Essential Medicines was initiated in 1999 to increase access to

1573: 1324: 338:, by a small group of French doctors and journalists who sought to expand accessibility to 10249: 7887: 4937: 4791:"MSF Article (2004) AIDS in Cambodia: A Second Chance at Life. Retrieved 21 February 2012" 669: 31: 8: 8524: 8360: 7969: 7653: 5495: 4547:

The Ebola response in West Africa: Exposing the politics and culture of international aid

2668: 2618:

Band-aid for a broken leg: Being a doctor with no borders (and other ways to stay single)

2607: 2475:

A number of other unrelated non-governmental organisations have adopted names ending in "

2151: 2000: 1898: 1834: 1648: 1450: 1423: 476: 9415: 9363: 9058: 8796: 5202:"Hindrance of humanitarian assistance will create a deadly gap in the Mediterranean Sea" 4741:"Cost of increasing access to artemisinin combination therapy: The Cambodian experience" 4019: 3650: 3525:"Code of Conduct for the ICRC Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief: List of signatories" 2466:

Hamdan Award for Volunteers in Humanitarian Medical Services, from Hamdan Medical Award.

10387: 10225: 9897: 9748: 9670: 8996: 8922: 8839: 8734: 8568: 8560: 7862: 7670: 7453: 7384: 7123: 6900:

The Nobel Peace Prize and the laureates: An illustrated biographical history, 1901–2001

6612: 6140: 6113: 6023: 5020: 4842: 4767: 4740: 4716: 4689: 4613: 4586: 4409: 4233: 4208: 3616:

Bhaumik, Soumyadeep; Zwi, Anthony B.; Norton, Robyn; Jagnoor, Jagnoor (1 August 2023).

3370: 2713: 1886: 1846: 1540: 1511:

As of Spring 2024, MSF is involved in projects across three key locations in Italy. In

1019: 931: 827: 791: 567: 515: 441: 434: 335: 288: 273: 7553: 7522: 7495: 6914: 5707:

Life lived in relief : humanitarian predicaments and Palestinian refugee politics

3546:"Principles of Conduct for The ICRC Movement and NGOs in Disaster Response Programmes" 3042: 2538:('Games Without Borders') is older than MSF, being first broadcast in Europe in 1965. 10150: 10144: 10085: 10053: 9870: 9644: 9529: 9347: 9042: 9026: 8988: 8769: 8761: 8640: 8600: 8501: 8466: 8437: 8264: 8112: 8057: 7816: 7527: 7458: 7412: 7369: 7115: 7107: 6930: 6617: 6145: 6092: 5721: 5711: 5012: 4847: 4772: 4721: 4618: 4238: 3755: 3690:"Doctors Without Borders is closing its widely regarded access-to-medicines campaign" 3675:"Doctors Without Borders is closing its widely regarded access-to-medicines campaign" 3655: 3637: 3366: 3097: 3046: 3008: 2950: 2896: 2646: 2622: 2578: 2551: 2457: 2374: 2018: 1810: 1784: 1688: 1676: 1641: 1524: 818: 767: 744: 405: 401: 393: 171: 8692: 7127: 6281: 5024: 3374: 2642: 2574:

and operations were characterised in the 2020 MSF-staff statement as "Eurocentric".

609: 10350: 10209: 10130: 9763: 9648: 9570: 9355: 9291: 8831: 8788: 8738: 8700: 8269: 8067: 7601: 7590: 7517: 7507: 7448: 7440: 7404: 7379: 7099: 7031: 6776: 6135: 6125: 5004: 4837: 4829: 4762: 4752: 4711: 4701: 4690:"Access to artemisinin combination therapy for malaria in remote areas of Cambodia" 4608: 4598: 4545:

Marc DuBois and Caitlin Wake, with Scarlett Sturridge and Christina Bennett (2015)

4228: 4220: 3645: 3629: 3362: 3253: 3038: 2555: 2407: 2359: 2221: 2205: 1889:

to determine the rates of violence in various regions. By estimating the scopes of

1861: 1857: 1842: 1806: 1660: 1402: 1188: 958: 947: 748: 657: 614: 465: 312: 277: 97: 10157: 9922: 9192: 8532: 7429:"Selection, training, and support of relief workers: an occupational health issue" 3483: 3461: 2616: 724:

In 1990, MSF first entered Liberia to help civilians and refugees affected by the

10366: 10101: 9744: 9611: 9514: 9339: 9227: 9204: 9184: 8757: 8712: 8312: 8097: 8072: 8062: 7613: 7512: 7196: 6469: 6446: 6259: 6130: 6069: 6046: 6007: 5984: 5929: 5890: 5867: 5792: 5769: 5746: 5663: 5640: 5617: 5594: 5571: 5548: 5525: 5502: 4560:"Burundi: Floods & Landslides Flash Update No. 3, 12 December 2019 – Burundi" 4530: 4510: 4484: 4461: 4438: 4387: 4364: 4344: 4319: 4296: 4263: 4194: 4174: 4140: 4117: 4094: 4071: 4048: 3890: 3827: 2727: 2661: 2366: 2244: 2006: 1184: 855:

since still found it necessary to condemn the actions of governments, such as in

779: 713:, capital of El Salvador, after 10 October 1986 earthquake that struck the city. 665: 636: 502: 256: 9859: 8980: 8451: 6976: 6186: 3545: 2927:"MSF-USA: Special Report: The 10 Most Underreported Humanitarian Crises of 2005" 2295:

issued an apology. Doctors Without Borders was not satisfied by Obama's apology.

1905:

in 2004. However, there may be ethical problems in collecting these statistics.

1699:

Often in situations where an MSF mission is set up, there is moderate or severe

1551: 10326: 10181: 10167: 10107: 9941: 9733: 9622: 9544: 9477: 9403: 9375: 9371: 9247: 9223: 9151: 9050: 9034: 8684: 8422: 8396: 8239: 8117: 8107: 8087: 7882: 7356: 4585:

Armstrong, JC; Nichols, BE; Wilson, JM; Cosico, RA; Shanks, L (20 March 2014).

2685: 2674: 2403: 2395: 2348: 2330: 2236: 2136:

experiments on vaccine stability, and analysis of vaccine deployment strategy.

1988: 1982: 1878: 1776: 1448:

In December 2018 MSF and SOS Méditerranée were forced to end operations of the

1417: 1225: 1196: 996: 943: 762:(in Bosnia and Herzegovina) as part of a UN convoy in 1993, one year after the 706: 622: 562: 539: 397: 390:

general consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council

378: 9323: 9196: 9129: 5725: 3633: 2217: 566:

assisting surgeries in the hospitals of various cities in Lebanon, during the

10516: 10372: 10219: 10187: 9786: 9692: 9607: 9439: 9427: 9391: 9387: 9255: 9066: 8953: 8823: 8773: 8592: 8544: 8102: 7482: 7470: 7444: 7248:"Médecins Sans Frontières apologises for using images of child rape survivor" 7111: 6621: 5588:

Once ill equipped and poorly manned – transforming a hospital in North Darfur

3641: 3460:(1). Josef Korbel School of International Studies. Article 57. Archived from 3257: 2453: 1994: 1914: 1865: 1772: 1672: 1668: 1478:

MSF is involved in trying to help with the humanitarian crisis caused by the

1396: 1278: 1246: 1213: 1172: 1171:

and disease outbreaks are perennial concerns as well. In 2011, MSF clinic in

1006: 550: 546: 519: 498: 7087: 4290:– Sudan: MSF to Open Additional Kala Azar Treatment Site in Upper Nile State 4276: 2213: 1890: 10332: 10285: 10267: 9835: 9581: 9540: 9503: 9492: 9455: 9383: 9299: 9162: 8961: 8914: 8620: 8520: 8456: 8391: 8381: 8292: 8193: 8082: 7948: 7648: 7531: 7416: 7252: 7119: 7064: 6902:. Nantucket, Massachusetts: Science History Publications. pp. 351–352. 6804: 6753: 6675: 6149: 5705: 5016: 5008: 4851: 4776: 4757: 4725: 4706: 4622: 4242: 4224: 3659: 3450:"International Humanitarianism in the Contemporary World: Forms and Issues" 3093:

Above the Fray: The Red Cross and the Making of the Humanitarian NGO Sector

2874: 2760: 2583: 2570: 2323: 2292: 2172: 1964: 1955: 1938: 1768: 1700: 1683:. The doctors may also train local mental health staff. Such cases include 1625: 1429: 1408: 1254: 1168: 1096: 1063: 814: 710: 686: 558: 457: 339: 316: 7462: 7060:"Médecins Sans Frontières is 'institutionally racist', say 1,000 insiders" 5833:

Drugs and Medical Supplies Catalogue Vol. 1 (2005) Plumpy'nut Description

4833: 4603: 3618:"How and why snakebite became a global health priority: a policy analysis" 3050: 1802: 1636:, all of which are uncommon in developed countries, may be prevented with 1253:(IDP) camps to provide clean water, food and sanitation. Diseases such as 10360: 10213: 9818: 9729: 9696: 9315: 9279: 9243: 8804: 8052: 7897: 7326:"'Gut punch': MSF staff wounded by decision to accept Blackrock donation" 3617: 2228: 1790: 1763: 1732: 1637: 1516: 1460: 1337: 1164: 1160: 1143: 1001: 962: 881:

MSF played an important role for including snakebite as a WHO Category A

763: 698: 554: 430: 375: 308: 7496:"How Should the Health Community Respond to Violent Political Conflict?" 7408: 7222:"MSF apologises after BBC reports 'widespread' sexual misconduct issues" 7088:"Médecins Sans Frontières is focus of new sex scandal in charity sector" 5353:"Artsen zonder Grenzen verlaat Ter Apel: 'Hopelijk niet nog eens nodig'" 4432:

Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Complex emergency, human catastrophe

3596:"Doctors Without Borders Responds To Charges Of 'Racism' From Its Staff" 2638:

The Photographer: Into War-torn Afghanistan with Doctors Without Borders

859:

in 1999, but has not demanded another military intervention since then.

10243: 9707: 9592: 9481: 8632: 8122: 5338: 4313:-Sudan: MSF Opens a Kala Azar Treatment Center in Eastern Atbara Region 2365:

18 November 2023: An evacuation convoy of MSF vehicles was attacked in

2322:

10 January 2016: An MSF-supported hospital in Sa'dah was bombed by the

2276:

3 October 2015: Fourteen staff and 28 others died when an MSF hospital

2012: 1922: 1838: 1814: 1613: 1605: 1108: 1055: 1039: 916: 759: 694: 693:, field missions were immediately set up to provide medical aid to the 468:, who later had a career in French politics, rising to the position of 409: 287:(NGO) of French origin known for its projects in conflict zones and in 7103: 6749:"MSF-supported hospital bombed by Russian Air Force in Northern Syria" 6165:"Global bioethics blog: Ethics, research and Medecins Sans Frontieres" 5400:"Gli aiuti umanitari in Italia di Medici Senza Frontiere | MSF Italia" 5216:"Aquarius forced to end operations as Europe condemns people to drown" 3353:

Choo V (1993). "Forensic evidence of Iraqi atrocities against Kurds".

2160:

pharmaceutical companies to increase funding for essential medicines.

1917:, other NGOs Archemed, Fondation Follereau, Friendship Luxembourg and 1074:

Since 1979, MSF has been providing medical humanitarian assistance in

1030:

In the late 1990s, MSF missions were set up to treat tuberculosis and

9435: 8926: 8077: 8047: 8026: 6383: 5820:

Drugs and Medical Supplies Catalogue Vol. 1 (2005) F-100 Description

2594: 2301: 2240: 1818: 1794: 1705: 1621: 1131: 1100: 449: 355: 351: 10338: 10092:

International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources

7168:"Doctors Without Borders fired 19 people for sexual abuse last year" 6800:"Airstrike on MSF-backed Aleppo hospital kills patients and doctors" 5807:

Drugs and Medical Supplies Catalogue Vol. 1 (2005) F-75 Description

5325:"Yemen: Staff and patients killed after airstrike hits Abs Hospital" 3844:"Doctors Without Borders loses all three hospitals in Haitian quake" 2391: 1747:

for monitoring the children and any other malnourished individuals.

1655:

and educates the public on how to slow transmission of the disease.

7559: 7200: 6772: 6514:"MSF: MSF is shocked and outraged by attack on our team in Somalia" 5846:

Drugs and Medical Supplies Catalogue Vol. 1 (2005) BP5 Description

5132:"Cambodia: TB is 'One of the Biggest Challenges for Public Health'" 2232: 2180: 2164: 1780: 1728: 1716: 1512: 1496: 1221: 1051: 1035: 1015: 856: 771: 733: 652: 475:

After entering the country, the volunteers, in addition to Biafran

445: 363: 347: 324: 304: 296: 280: 7267: 6845:"Three MSF employees killed in Ethiopia's Tigray, aid agency says" 5187: 4257:– Southern Sudan in Grips of Worst Disease Outbreak in Eight Years 3227:

Humanitarian NGOs and the Norm of Neutrality: A Community Approach

9555: 7300:"Mission impossible: humanitarianism is neutral or it is nothing" 7172: 6849: 6797: 6713:"MSF-supported hospital bombed in Yemen: death toll rises to six" 6330: 1934: 1885:

In addition to epidemiological surveys, MSF also uses population

1830: 1633: 1617: 1609: 1597: 1556: 1520: 1464:. Within a month this resulted in the rescue of some 400 people. 1445:

protesting restrictions and threats by the Libyan "Coast Guard".

1306:

MSF-Burundi has aided in attending to casualties suffered in the

1205: 1201: 1148: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1050:

at the time. In 1998, volunteers began assisting in surgeries in

970: 752: 530: 382: 320: 5046:"Cambodia: Number of dengue cases drop in Takeo; threat remains" 27:

International humanitarian medical non-governmental organisation

10255: 10237: 9100: 7793: 4405:"Rapid Cure Approved for Sleeping Sickness, a Horrific Illness" 2793: 2645:; colourist: Frédéric Lemercier. New York: First Second Books. 2334: 2163:

In 2006, MSF tried to use its influence to urge the drug maker

1926: 1902: 1059: 1031: 806: 799: 453: 425: 367: 359: 331: 117: 1441:. In August 2017 MSF decided to suspend the activities of the 1183:

Although active in the Congo region of Africa since 1985, the

937:

MSF has been working in Haiti since 1991, but since President

10124: 8009: 7974: 7907: 6691:"Syria: Barrel bombing of MSF-supported hospital kills seven" 5634:

Nicaragua: Focusing care on women's health and Chagas disease

5445:"A Palermo un ambulatorio per curare le ferite delle torture" 5270:"MSF returns to saving lives at sea in central Mediterranean" 4815: 4338:-MSF condemns large-scale attacks on civilians in South Sudan 3907:"Post-tsunami mental health: 'We're still weak at the knees'" 2352: 2316: 2168: 2139: 1629: 1593: 1384: 1258: 1209: 1192: 1139: 1092: 1088: 1083: 1075: 835: 811: 553:, millions of Cambodians immigrated to Thailand to avoid the 371: 5296:"Hundreds of migrants rescued by MSF charity land in Sicily" 4584: 3719:"Kosovo: The physical and psychological consequences of war" 3191:"Dr. Bernard Kouchner and MSF: A Clarification, 22 May 2007" 2763:. Geneva, Switzerland: Médecins Sans Frontières. 4 June 2024 1877:

to determine the need for feeding centres. Various types of

1142:. After the Comprehensive Peace Agreement between North and 10279: 8183: 7688: 7357:"Hope in Hell: Inside the World of Doctors Without Borders" 6671:"Airstrikes hit Médecins Sans Frontières hospital in Yemen" 6296:"MSF Urges Novartis to Drop Case Against Indian Government" 5248:

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, fra.europa.eu

3571:"Médecins Sans Frontières (James Orbinski) – Nobel Lecture" 2176: 843: 740: 50: 10303: 9308:

International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War

6878:

Doctors Without Borders / Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF ..

4738: 4687: 4381:

The tragedy of the other Congo – A forgotten war's victims

3964:"MSF statement on SCOTUS decision to overturn Roe v. Wade" 2358:

25 June 2021: Three MSF employees were reported killed in

2273:

to this by the governmental authorities and wider society.

894:

Several advocates have criticized this move including the

7197:"Medecins Sans Frontieres staff 'used local prostitutes'" 5355:(in Dutch). RTL Nieuws. 11 September 2022. Archived from 4990: 4964:"Cambodian Prison Overcrowding Crisis Only Getting Worse" 4206: 3599: 3215:

Information obtained from the various sections' websites.

3005:

Hope in Hell: Inside the World of Doctors Without Borders

1014:

still necessary. Treating and educating the public about

494:

Groupe d'intervention médicale et chirurgicale en urgence

10417: 10068: 6837: 6827:"Kabul Hospital Attack: 'They came to kill the mothers'" 6644:"Doctors Without Borders not mollified by Obama apology" 10343:

2020: Spanish health workers on the front line against

6326:"Novartis loses landmark India cancer drug patent case" 5710:. Oakland, California: University of California Press. 5162:"Mediterranean Sea: Latest MSF Updates October 4, 2017" 4524:

MSF vaccinates thousands against measles in Ivory Coast

3615: 2657:

Living in Emergency: Stories of Doctors Without Borders

2600: 8496: 7547: 6606:

Shear, Michael D.; Sengupta, Somini (7 October 2015).

3148:"MSF's principles and identity – The challenges ahead" 2548:

Sexual exploitation and abuse in humanitarian response

1715:

An MSF health worker examines a malnourished child in

1356:

hospitalized, killing 407 people, primarily children.

1154: 10583:

Medical and health organisations based in Switzerland

6798:

Kareem Shaheen in Beirut; Ian Black (28 April 2016).

3233:(ISA): Bridging Multiple Divides, EUA. San Francisco. 1228:

is also important to prevent or slow down epidemics.

9634:

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

4209:"Kala-azar Epidemiology and Control, Southern Sudan" 2703: 1897:

and increase the sense of security in a population.

6953:. Jornada.unam.mx. 8 September 2015. Archived from 5238: 5236: 1908: 1178: 983:MSF issued a statement for safe abortion following 697:, and in February 1980, MSF publicly denounced the 529:MSF's first mission was to the Nicaraguan capital, 7676:International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission 7355: 7317: 6590: 6040:Mental health care crucial in emergency situations 4938:"In Brief: TB, HIV warning for Cambodia's prisons" 4088:MSF and other aid organisations evicted from Kabul 2593:MSF's funding model has come under scrutiny after 876: 9682:International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons 7024: 6769:"U.S. and Russia both deny bombing Syrian clinic" 6302:(Press release). 20 December 2006. Archived from 2692:Triage: Dr. James Orbinski's Humanitarian Dilemma 2541: 2329:15 February 2016: Two MSF-supported hospitals in 766:had begun. The city had become surrounded by the 728:. Constant fighting throughout the 1990s and the 330:MSF was founded in 1971, in the aftermath of the 215: 10514: 10198:Association of Academies of the Spanish Language 8433:United Nations response to the COVID-19 pandemic 5233: 4663:"Counterfeit and Substandard Antimalarial Drugs" 3096:. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press. p. 126. 739:Field missions were set up to provide relief to 479:and hospitals, were subjected to attacks by the 444:of 1967 to 1970, the Nigerian military formed a 6363:UCL Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose 6187:"SES Joins the Clinton Global Initiative (CGI)" 3029:Camilo, V (1974). "The Earthquake in Managua". 2945:"Laureate 1996: Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF)" 2420:James Orbinski, Nobel acceptance speech for MSF 1366: 1138:, has been one of the major health problems in 817:in 1996. Pictured are 500+ tents set up in the 342:across national boundaries and irrespective of 9816: 7353: 7142:"MSF dealt with 24 cases of sex abuse in 2017" 6912: 6410:"Independent aid in Iraq virtually impossible" 5657:MSF mental health activities: a brief overview 5102:"International Activity Report 2010: Cambodia" 5076:"Cambodia: 407 died from dengue fever in 2007" 4870:"Cambodia: Country Profile: Natural Disasters" 4504:Côte d'Ivoire: Renewed violence deepens crisis 4498: 4496: 2753: 1913:In 2014 MSF partnered with satellite operator 1675:help people who have depression, survivors of 1284: 888: 10403: 10232:Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul 10125:American Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR) 10039: 9802: 9272:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 9005:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 8482: 7575: 7481: 7469: 6994: 6992: 6990: 6605: 6511: 6484: 5319: 5317: 4134:Controlling phantom limb pain in Sierra Leone 3935: 3389:"Somalia – Saving lives in an abandoned land" 3324:"Liberia: War ends, but the crisis continues" 2508: 1530: 1042:during an epidemic in 1996 and denounced the 514:("French Medical Relief") in response to the 8428:Humanitarian Networks and Partnerships Weeks 7426: 7304:Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International 7000:"Feelings running high at 'Eurocentric' MSF" 6239:Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International 5684:Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International 5611:Tajikistan: Aid to health system in shambles 5220:Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International 4358:Nothing new in Ituri: The violence continues 4162: 4160: 4158: 4156: 4154: 4152: 2531: 2516: 2500: 2492: 2482: 2476: 2326:-led military coalition, killing six people. 1274:group providing aid in much of the country. 985:Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization 509: 492: 244: 40: 10131:Association for Peace in the Basque Country 6935:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 4493: 4219:(4). Centers for Disease Control: 664–666. 3870:"At Airport, Aid Flows in but Trickles Out" 3193:. Doctorswithoutborders.org. Archived from 2761:"Financial independence and accountability" 1944: 1783:, as well as a high protein biscuit called 88:International non-governmental organisation 10410: 10396: 10046: 10032: 9809: 9795: 8489: 8475: 7985:Yemen Relief and Reconstruction Foundation 7582: 7568: 7552: 7392: 6987: 6595:(Press release). Médecins Sans Frontières. 5314: 4783: 4655: 4403:McNeil, Donald G. Jr. (16 November 2018). 4188:– Sudan: An Overview of MSF's Work in 2010 3975: 3973: 3929: 3702: 3264: 3083: 3002: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2410:and focuses on one of his woman patients: 2347:12 May 2020: an MSF-supported hospital in 2198: 2191:affordable and adapted to people's needs. 2171:. A few years earlier, Novartis also sued 2146:Campaign for Access to Essential Medicines 2140:Campaign for Access to Essential Medicines 1592:put on protective gear before entering an 1385:Search and Rescue in the Mediterranean Sea 1044:Taliban's neglect of health care for women 49: 10280:Spanish Organization for the Blind (ONCE) 9560:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 7521: 7511: 7493: 7452: 7383: 6139: 6129: 6111: 6091:. Cornell University Press. p. 149. 5763:Malnutrition definition and MSF treatment 4908:"International Activity Report: Cambodia" 4841: 4822:Bulletin of the World Health Organization 4766: 4756: 4715: 4705: 4612: 4602: 4332: 4330: 4328: 4232: 4149: 3821:Haiti: Working amid intensifying violence 3752:: Humanitarian Action in the 21st Century 3687: 3672: 3649: 3476:"One cannot stop a genocide with doctors" 3028: 2845:"La création de Médecins Sans Frontières" 2816:"MSF International Financial Report 2016" 2386: 2125: 1078:, a nation plagued by starvation and the 901: 838:and Tanzania in what became known as the 650:, French intellectuals made an appeal in 412:as international president in June 2019. 10573:Humanitarian aid organizations in Europe 10533:Organizations awarded Nobel Peace Prizes 9075:International Committee of the Red Cross 8907:International Committee of the Red Cross 8864:Nansen International Office for Refugees 8670:International Committee of the Red Cross 6951:"2015 Lasker Prize for MSF (in Spanish)" 6871: 6584: 6388:Médecins Sans Frontières Access Campaign 4984: 4478:Uganda: Aiding civilians targeted by war 3791:"No end in sight to the war in Chechnya" 3504: 3447: 2967:"Ten Greeks Who Left Their Mark in 2019" 2390: 2269:militants and perceived indifference or 2081:MSF Lat (Spanish Speaking South America) 1710: 1583: 1550: 1288: 1000: 910:Countries where MSF had missions in 2015 905: 867: 805: 796:International Committee of the Red Cross 424: 239:Introduction to Médecins Sans Frontières 225: 9424:International Campaign to Ban Landmines 7427:McCall M, Salama P (1 September 1999). 7057: 6562: 6189:(Press release). SES. 14 September 2014 6114:"PLoS Medicine: Ethics Without Borders" 6084: 5703: 5262: 4956: 4307: 4305: 3988:(Report). December 2004. Archived from 3970: 3224: 3209: 2832: 1824: 470:Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs 14: 10515: 10304:Princess of Asturias Award for Concord 6897: 6568: 5861:Diarrhoea definition and MSF treatment 5442: 5368: 5366: 4732: 4549:London: Overseas Development Institute 4402: 4325: 4277:– Médecins Sans Frontières South Sudan 3352: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2988: 2684:, 2008 memoir by former MSF president 1323:MSF is involved in Sri Lanka, where a 420: 10528:International volunteer organizations 10391: 10302: 10067: 10027: 9790: 8470: 7563: 7323: 7245: 7194: 7025:Campbell, Sean; Kardas-Nelson, Mara. 6641: 6591:Christopher Stokes (4 October 2015). 6440:The real reasons MSF left Afghanistan 6063:A scientific approach to "témoignage" 4681: 3936:Shevchenko, Olga; Fox, Renée (2008). 3611: 3609: 3511:International Review of the Red Cross 3243: 3089: 2614: 2450:Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award 2175:to prevent it from importing cheaper 1727:is most common among young children. 1546: 1277:MSF has strongly promoted the use of 1126: 1054:to help with an increasing number of 990: 774:, had become an enclave guarded by a 486: 295:. The organisation provides care for 255: 10137:National Movement of Street Children 10069:Prince of Asturias Award for Concord 10056:Prince or Princess of Asturias Award 8015:The State of the Humanitarian System 7589: 7085: 5923:Cholera definition and MSF treatment 5124: 5094: 5068: 5038: 4930: 4862: 4637:"International Activity Report 2010" 4302: 2867:"MSF's Charter – About MSF – MSF UK" 2780: 2778: 2601:Selected non-fiction works about MSF 2481:" or "Without Borders", inspired by 2300:27 October 2015: An MSF hospital in 1579: 582: 557:. In response, MSF set up its first 10315:Hospitaller Order of St John of God 10204:World Network of Biosphere Reserves 7396:The New England Journal of Medicine 6356: 5946:Removal and treatment of wastewater 5565:World AIDS Day MSF country profiles 5519:The Vaccine Gap: NY Times editorial 5363: 4900: 4809: 3982:AIDS epidemic update: December 2004 3448:Forsythe, David P. (January 2005). 2985: 2577:In 2018, there were revelations of 2523:('Libraries Without Borders'), and 2310:Saudi Arabia-led military coalition 1155:Health care infrastructure in Sudan 785: 691:Soviet army had invaded Afghanistan 518:, which killed at least 625,000 in 24: 9660:Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet 9526:International Atomic Energy Agency 8939:American Friends Service Committee 8320:The State of the World's Cash 2020 8245:Central African Republic Civil War 7347: 7324:Ullah, Areeb (17 September 2020). 7148:. Deutsche Welle. 14 February 2018 6571:"Why MSF decided to leave Somalia" 6162: 5786:MSF Therapeutic Feeding Programmes 5740:Preventing malnutrition and famine 3606: 2734: 1949:List of international presidents: 1849:depending on available resources. 1588:Doctors from MSF and the American 1490: 921:NATO's strategic bombing campaigns 25: 10599: 10543:Organizations established in 1971 9141:International Labour Organization 8189:Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation 7928:Koyamada International Foundation 7539: 6642:Kheel, Rebecca (8 October 2015). 6338:from the original on 1 April 2013 6124:(7). plosmedicine.org: e1000119. 4197:MSF. Retrieved 20 September 2011. 3703:Harrington, Mark (20 June 2024). 3231:International Studies Association 2907:from the original on 19 July 2011 2775: 1925:government in the pilot phase of 10418:Sans Frontières/Without Borders 10274:Spanish Federation of Food Banks 8450: 7368:(11). Buffalo, N.Y.: 1575–1577. 7292: 7239: 7214: 7188: 7160: 7134: 7079: 7051: 7018: 6969: 6943: 6906: 6891: 6865: 6819: 6791: 6761: 6741: 6723: 6705: 6683: 6663: 6635: 6599: 6532: 6505: 6478: 6455: 6432: 6402: 6376: 6350: 6318: 6288: 6266: 6252: 6227: 6201: 6179: 6156: 6105: 6078: 6055: 6032: 6016: 5993: 5978:Malnutrition: rates and measures 5970: 5954: 5938: 5915: 5899: 5876: 5853: 5840: 5827: 5814: 5801: 5778: 5755: 5732: 5697: 5672: 5649: 5626: 5603: 5580: 5557: 5534: 5511: 5496:Field Operations: What Do We Do? 5489: 5463: 5436: 5418: 5392: 4347:MSF. Retrieved 20 September 2011 4322:MSF. Retrieved 20 September 2011 4299:MSF. Retrieved 20 September 2011 4279:MSF. Retrieved 20 September 2011 4266:MSF. Retrieved 20 September 2011 4177:MSF. Retrieved 20 September 2011 3940:. hhrjournal.org. Archived from 3454:Human Rights & Human Welfare 2720: 2706: 2291:On 7 October 2015, US President 1909:Innovation and use of technology 1474:Airstrikes on hospitals in Yemen 1240:. However, the formation of the 1179:Democratic Republic of the Congo 810:Aerial photograph of a Mihanda, 9340:Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama) 8553:Institut de Droit International 8336:Attacks on humanitarian workers 7740:Inter-Agency Standing Committee 7275:"BlackRock's COVID-19 Response" 7058:McVeigh, Karen (10 July 2020). 5345: 5331: 5288: 5208: 5194: 5180: 5154: 4629: 4578: 4552: 4539: 4516: 4470: 4447: 4424: 4396: 4373: 4350: 4282: 4269: 4249: 4200: 4180: 4126: 4103: 4080: 4057: 4034: 4004: 3956: 3899: 3876: 3862: 3836: 3813: 3783: 3765: 3741: 3711: 3696: 3681: 3666: 3588: 3563: 3538: 3517: 3498: 3468: 3441: 3411: 3381: 3346: 3316: 3290: 3237: 3218: 3183: 3170: 3140: 3110: 3057: 3021: 2741:Attacks on humanitarian workers 2507:('Reporters Without Borders'), 2440: 1091:. Common diseases prevalent in 1025: 877:Snakebite prioritisation in WHO 776:United Nations Protection Force 10588:Nansen Refugee Award laureates 10578:Non-governmental organizations 10563:Humanitarian aid organizations 8351:Health Care In Danger Campaign 8250:Western African Ebola outbreak 7878:International Rescue Committee 7735:Humanitarian-Development Nexus 7624:International humanitarian law 6915:"The Nobel Peace Prize speech" 6209:"MSF International Presidents" 6167:. globalbioethics.blogspot.com 6088:Darfur: The Ambiguous Genocide 5477:(in Italian). 12 December 2023 5443:Sesana, Ilaria (28 May 2021). 5052:. 17 July 2007. Archived from 3688:Silverman, Ed (20 June 2024). 3673:Silverman, Ed (20 June 2024). 2959: 2937: 2919: 2889: 2859: 2808: 2542:Ethical concerns and criticism 1264: 743:refugees who had survived the 672:, later developed the idea of 183:International General Assembly 145:West and Central Africa (WaCA) 13: 1: 10548:1971 establishments in France 10538:Organisations based in Geneva 9079:League of Red Cross Societies 8605:Paul Estournelles de Constant 8298:Sexual exploitation and abuse 7697:History of the United Nations 7086:Arie, Sophie (25 June 2018). 6075:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 6052:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 6029:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 6013:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 6001:Mortality: rates and measures 5990:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5967:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5951:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5935:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5912:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5896:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5873:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5798:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5775:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5752:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5669:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5646:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5623:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5600:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5577:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5554:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5531:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5508:. Retrieved 28 December 2005. 5404:Medici Senza Frontiere Italia 5378:Medici Senza Frontiere Italia 4455:Uganda: A neglected emergency 4444:. Retrieved 21 November 2010. 3229:. 49th Annual Meeting of the 3225:Kennedy, Denis (March 2009). 3178:The Liberal Defense of Murder 3043:10.1016/s0140-6736(74)93014-1 2746: 2621:. Sydney: Allen & Unwin. 2611:, 2006 book by Dan Bortolotti 2519:Bibliothèques Sans Frontières 2499:('Lawyers Without Borders'), 1969:1994–1995 Jacques De Milliano 1899:Large-scale forced migrations 1871: 1829:Clean water is essential for 770:and, containing about 60,000 545:Between 1975 and 1979, after 508:, had started a group called 381:– with Headquarter office in 285:non-governmental organisation 10491:Sociologists Without Borders 8413:2015 European migrant crisis 8341:Aid Worker Security Database 8215:Great Indian Famine of 1870s 8032:Global Humanitarian Overview 7513:10.1371/journal.pmed.0010014 7246:Batty, David (26 May 2022). 7195:Adams, Anna (20 June 2018). 6872:manpreet (1 December 2023). 6475:. Retrieved 17 January 2006. 6463:MSF pulls out of Afghanistan 6452:. Retrieved 12 January 2006. 6131:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000119 4972:(Press release). 4 July 2011 4536:. Retrieved 15 January 2006. 4490:. Retrieved 12 January 2006. 4467:. Retrieved 12 January 2006. 4393:. Retrieved 12 January 2006. 4370:. Retrieved 15 January 2006. 4213:Emerging Infectious Diseases 4146:. Retrieved 16 January 2006. 4123:. Retrieved 16 January 2006. 4100:. Retrieved 16 January 2006. 4077:. Retrieved 16 January 2006. 4054:. Retrieved 16 January 2006. 3896:. Retrieved 15 January 2006. 3884:India: Bringing medical care 3833:. Retrieved 15 January 2006. 3367:10.1016/0140-6736(93)92641-6 2515:('Clowns Without Borders'), 2470: 2250: 2130: 1694: 1367:Middle East and North Africa 1318: 975:2004 Indian Ocean earthquake 703:1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia 7: 10502:Translators Without Borders 10480:Pharmaciens Sans Frontières 10172:1998: Nicolás Castellanos, 7873:International Medical Corps 7745:Humanitarian Cluster System 6693:. Msf.org.uk. December 2015 3535:. Retrieved 7 January 2006. 3505:Forsythe, David P. (1996). 3482:(in French). Archived from 2699: 2660:, 2008 documentary film by 2402:The then president of MSF, 2120:MSF West and Central Africa 1975:1996–1997 Philippe Biberson 1745:Therapeutic Feeding Centres 1725:protein-energy malnutrition 1331: 1285:West African Ebola outbreak 1257:, measles, polio, cholera, 1251:internally displaced person 889:Access to Medicine Campaign 501:, the editor of the French 472:, which he held 2007–2010. 257:[medsɛ̃sɑ̃fʁɔ̃tjɛʁ] 10: 10604: 10469:Librarians Without Borders 10096:World Wide Fund for Nature 9753:Center for Civil Liberties 8613:International Peace Bureau 8418:Detention Centres in Libya 8303:Core Humanitarian Standard 7980:Network for Refugee Voices 7954:Global Refugee-Led Network 4513:Retrieved 21 January 2006. 4111:Attacks as told by victims 3419:"Srebrenica five years on" 3302:medecinssansfrontieres.com 3118:"Cambodia's second chance" 2545: 2525:Homeopaths Without Borders 2398:speaking about MSF in 2015 2254: 2143: 1809:, is given to patients to 1531:Organisation of activities 1471: 1439:Mediterranea Saving Humans 1301: 994: 883:Neglected Tropical Disease 840:Great Lakes refugee crisis 660:, chartered a ship called 448:around the nation's newly 415: 29: 10486:Reporters Without Borders 10459:Engineers Without Borders 10426: 10309: 10298: 10074: 10063: 9951: 9932: 9913: 9888: 9869: 9845: 9826: 9465: 9214: 8971: 8748: 8508: 8446: 8405: 8387:International development 8374: 8356:Kunduz hospital airstrike 8328: 8283: 8202: 8131: 8040: 7997: 7962: 7936: 7903:Norwegian Refugee Council 7845: 7807: 7766: 7757: 7720:World Humanitarian Summit 7710: 7686: 7639: 7632: 7597: 6516:. msf.org. Archived from 6489:. msf.org. Archived from 6068:30 September 2007 at the 6045:30 September 2007 at the 6006:27 September 2007 at the 5983:30 September 2007 at the 5889:27 September 2007 at the 5866:30 September 2007 at the 5791:30 September 2007 at the 5768:27 September 2007 at the 5745:27 September 2007 at the 5662:27 September 2007 at the 5639:27 September 2007 at the 5616:30 September 2007 at the 5593:30 September 2007 at the 5570:30 September 2007 at the 5547:27 September 2007 at the 5540:MSF Press Release (2003) 5524:30 September 2007 at the 5188:"Search and Rescue – MSF" 5136:doctorswithoutborders.org 5106:doctorswithoutborders.org 5050:doctorswithoutborders.org 4912:doctorswithoutborders.org 4878:World Health Organization 4529:27 September 2007 at the 4483:30 September 2007 at the 4437:27 September 2007 at the 4386:27 September 2007 at the 4255:MSF Press release (2010) 4139:27 September 2007 at the 4116:30 September 2007 at the 4093:27 September 2007 at the 4070:30 September 2007 at the 4047:27 September 2007 at the 3707:. Treatment Action Group. 3634:10.1136/bmjgh-2023-011923 3246:French Historical Studies 3065:"Chronologies: Années 70" 2503:Reporters sans frontières 2489:Engineers Without Borders 2381: 2257:Kunduz hospital airstrike 1799:Oral Rehydration Solution 1685:Palestinian refugee camps 1485: 1231: 730:Second Liberian Civil War 674:humanitarian intervention 301:drug-resistant infections 245: 210: 200: 187: 177: 165: 155: 103: 93: 83: 75: 57: 48: 41: 10523:Médecins Sans Frontières 10496:Télécoms Sans Frontières 10474:Médecins Sans Frontières 10448:Chemists Without Borders 10431:Arxivers sense Fronteres 10115:Médecins Sans Frontières 9879:Médecins Sans Frontières 9448:Médecins Sans Frontières 8260:South Sudanese Civil War 8235:2011 East Africa drought 7893:Médecins Sans Frontières 7858:Catholic Relief Services 7445:10.1136/bmj.318.7176.113 6831:Médecins Sans Frontières 6468:16 February 2006 at the 6213:doctorswithoutborders.ca 6085:Prunier, Gérard (2005). 6024:Meningococcal meningitis 4363:16 February 2006 at the 4262:29 November 2011 at the 4012:"Antiretroviral therapy" 3747:Orbinski, James. (2008) 3298:"Chronologie: Années 90" 3272:"Chronologie: Années 80" 3258:10.1215/00161071-1259157 3003:Bortolotti, Dan (2004). 2484:Médecins Sans Frontières 2157:pharmaceutical companies 1978:1997–1998 Doris Schopper 1972:1995–1996 Doris Schopper 1945:Governance and structure 1653:opportunistic infections 1502: 1467: 1371: 1069: 862: 758:MSF first began work in 716: 680: 631: 524:Médecins Sans Frontières 511:Secours Médical Français 315:and neglected diseases, 246:Médecins Sans Frontières 42:Médecins Sans Frontières 30:Not to be confused with 10464:Lawyers Without Borders 10443:Braille Without Borders 10437:Avocats Sans Frontières 10321:SOS Children's Villages 10080:Vicariate of Solidarity 9925:(Germany/United States) 8935:Friends Service Council 8366:Dolo hospital airstrike 8210:Chinese Famine of 1870s 7702:1951 Refugee Convention 7619:Humanitarian principles 7433:British Medical Journal 7422:(registration required) 7354:Bortolotti, D. (2004). 6384:"Our Wishlist for 2022" 6357:UCL (20 October 2020). 6300:Doctors Without Borders 5928:29 January 2006 at the 5704:Feldman, Ilana (2018). 5302:. Reuters. 18 June 2021 4509:8 February 2007 at the 4460:8 February 2007 at the 4343:30 January 2012 at the 4318:26 October 2011 at the 4295:27 October 2011 at the 4193:27 October 2011 at the 3090:Dromi, Shai M. (2020). 2495:Avocats Sans Frontières 2199:Security risks to staff 1313: 1308:2019 Burundi landslides 606:Pascal Grellety Bosviel 392:. It received the 1999 270:Doctors Without Borders 167:International President 133:Barcelona-Athens (OCBA) 18:Doctors without Borders 10453:Écoles Sans Frontières 9957:Nobel Prize recipients 9915:Physiology or Medicine 9904:Martinus J. G. Veltman 9332:UN Peacekeeping Forces 9181: (declined award) 9090:Martin Luther King Jr. 8346:World Humanitarian Day 8220:Ethiopian famine 1980s 7998:Analysis and reporting 7868:Danish Refugee Council 7846:International agencies 6898:Abrams, Irwin (2001). 6546:. 2005. Archived from 6416:. 2004. Archived from 5907:Simple water treatment 5009:10.1542/peds.2006-3503 4881:. 2010. Archived from 4758:10.1186/1475-2875-7-84 4707:10.1186/1475-2875-7-96 4225:10.3201/eid1404.071099 4018:. 2010. Archived from 3913:. 2005. Archived from 3797:. 2002. Archived from 3725:. 2000. Archived from 3425:. 2000. Archived from 3180:(London 2008), p. 174. 2673:2009 memoir by doctor 2615:Brown, Damien (2013). 2532: 2517: 2509: 2501: 2493: 2483: 2477: 2438: 2423: 2399: 2387:1999 Nobel Peace Prize 2126:In-house organisations 1801:(ORS), which contains 1720: 1681:substance use disorder 1601: 1560: 1392:operation Mare Nostrum 1295: 1242:Lord's Resistance Army 1136:visceral leishmaniasis 1105:visceral leishmaniasis 1010: 939:Jean-Bertrand Aristide 911: 902:Activities by location 896:Treatment Action Group 822: 709:for the population of 685:In 1982, Malhuret and 510: 493: 452:south-eastern region, 437: 240: 63:; 52 years ago 10558:Swiss Nobel laureates 10355:World Central Kitchen 10194:Royal Spanish Academy 10164:Mstislav Rostropovich 9604:Ellen Johnson Sirleaf 9284:Alfonso García Robles 9264:Adolfo Pérez Esquivel 9236:Amnesty International 8848:Carlos Saavedra Lamas 8308:Sphere (organization) 8230:2010 Haiti earthquake 8093:Rachel Kiddell-Monroe 7853:Action Against Hunger 7827:The Federation (IFRC) 7660:A Memory of Solferino 6445:28 April 2007 at the 6274:"Essential Medicines" 5884:MSF: Water and Health 5501:16 March 2006 at the 5359:on 13 September 2022. 4834:10.2471/blt.06.036574 4604:10.1186/1752-1505-8-4 4065:Preventing meningitis 3750:An Imperfect Offering 2897:"La Mancha Agreement" 2681:An Imperfect Offering 2530:The French game show 2511:Payasos Sin Fronteras 2427: 2412: 2394: 2371:2023 Israel-Hamas war 2231:, Head of Mission in 2078:MSF Republic of Korea 1960:1992 Reginald Moreels 1714: 1587: 1554: 1378:2011 Libyan civil war 1292: 1004: 995:Further information: 952:2010 Haiti earthquake 909: 868:Accusations of racism 809: 481:Nigerian Armed Forces 428: 238: 61:22 December 1971 10553:Medical volunteerism 10498:(Telecommunications) 9719:World Food Programme 8022:The New Humanitarian 7004:The New Humanitarian 6913:MSF Article (1999). 5341:. 11 September 2016. 4858:on 19 November 2007. 4168:-MSF in Sudan – Test 4022:on 10 September 2008 3889:24 June 2007 at the 3801:on 30 September 2007 3754:, Doubleday Canada. 3729:on 27 September 2007 3334:on 30 September 2007 3197:on 27 September 2011 2933:on 28 December 2008. 2534:Jeux Sans Frontières 1933:technology to bring 1825:Water and sanitation 1649:antiretroviral drugs 1034:in residents of the 383:Abidjan, Ivory Coast 10141:Messengers of Peace 9400:Pugwash Conferences 8361:Airstrikes on Yemen 7654:Battle of Solferino 7409:10.1056/NEJMp048296 6757:. 15 February 2016. 6737:. 15 February 2016. 6512:MSF Press Release. 6485:MSF Press Release. 6461:MSF Article (2004) 6438:MSF Article (2004) 6215:. 22 September 2016 5999:MSF Article (2002) 5976:MSF Article (2002) 5960:MSF Article (2002) 5944:MSF Article (2002) 5921:MSF Article (2001) 5905:MSF Article (2002) 5882:MSF Article (2001) 5859:MSF Article (2001) 5784:MSF Article (2001) 5761:MSF Article (2001) 5738:MSF Article (2000) 5655:MSF Article (2002) 5632:MSF Article (2004) 5609:MSF Article (2001) 5586:MSF Article (2004) 5563:MSF Article (2004) 5517:MSF Article (2003) 5475:Stranieri in Italia 5168:on 18 February 2018 4591:Conflict and Health 4522:MSF Article (2003) 4502:MSF Article (2005) 4476:MSF Article (2004) 4453:MSF Article (2005) 4430:MSF Article (2000) 4379:MSF Article (2004) 4356:MSF Article (2005) 4336:MSF Article (2011) 4311:MSF Article (2010) 4288:MSF Article (2010) 4275:MSF Article (2010) 4186:MSF Article (2010) 4173:11 May 2013 at the 4166:MSF Article (2009) 4132:MSF Article (2001) 4109:MSF Article (1998) 4086:MSF Article (1998) 4063:MSF Article (2000) 4040:MSF Article (1998) 3917:on 22 February 2006 3882:MSF Article (2005) 3826:23 May 2006 at the 3819:MSF Article (2005) 3513:. pp. 512–531. 3486:on 10 December 2006 2953:Cultural Foundation 2669:Six Months in Sudan 2152:essential medicines 2001:Christophe Fournier 1931:satellite broadband 1929:, a project to use 1835:water-borne disease 1811:replace fluids lost 1793:, sometimes due to 1555:MSF logistician in 1499:, the Netherlands. 1238:Second Obote Period 832:Opération Turquoise 421:1967 to 1970 Biafra 45: 10337:2019: The City of 10254:2009: The City of 10178:Joaquín Sanz Gadea 9671:Juan Manuel Santos 8997:George C. Marshall 8840:Carl von Ossietzky 8735:Austen Chamberlain 8601:A. M. F. Beernaert 8569:Theodore Roosevelt 8561:Bertha von Suttner 8132:Donors and funding 7837:Protective Emblems 7832:National Societies 7809:Red Cross Movement 7671:Geneva Conventions 7666:Red Cross Movement 7640:1850s, Creation of 7494:Zwi, A.B. (2004). 7226:civilsociety.co.uk 7176:. 14 February 2018 7039:on 5 December 2022 6779:. 16 February 2016 6719:. 17 January 2016. 6679:. 27 October 2015. 6613:The New York Times 6593:"Death toll rises" 6569:Karunakara, Unni. 6550:on 2 December 2008 6520:on 2 December 2008 6493:on 2 December 2008 6420:on 2 December 2008 6284:on 23 August 2004. 6112:Editorial (2009). 5003:(5): e1134–e1140. 4566:. 12 December 2019 4410:The New York Times 3992:on 10 January 2006 3944:on 23 January 2009 3872:. 17 January 2010. 3429:on 2 December 2008 3399:on 2 December 2008 3158:on 2 December 2008 3128:on 2 December 2008 2973:. 26 December 2019 2714:Switzerland portal 2400: 2114:MSF United Kingdom 2051:MSF Eastern Africa 2045:MSF Czech Republic 1741:mental development 1721: 1602: 1596:treatment ward in 1561: 1547:Field mission team 1541:water purification 1296: 1127:Kala-Azar in Sudan 1020:sub-Saharan Africa 1011: 1005:An MSF outpost in 991:Sub-Saharan Africa 932:Second Chechen War 912: 823: 792:genocide in Rwanda 726:Liberian Civil War 568:Lebanese Civil War 516:1970 Bhola cyclone 487:1971 establishment 442:Nigerian Civil War 438: 435:Nigerian Civil War 336:Nigerian Civil War 241: 39: 10510: 10509: 10385: 10384: 10381: 10380: 10294: 10293: 10250:Íngrid Betancourt 10145:Save the Children 10086:Villa El Salvador 10054:Laureates of the 10021: 10020: 9934:Economic Sciences 9784: 9783: 9645:Kailash Satyarthi 9530:Mohamed ElBaradei 9348:Mikhail Gorbachev 9043:Philip Noel-Baker 9027:Lester B. Pearson 8989:Albert Schweitzer 8770:Ferdinand Buisson 8762:Gustav Stresemann 8641:Henri La Fontaine 8502:Nobel Peace Prize 8464: 8463: 8438:Aid effectiveness 8329:Aid worker safety 8265:Rohingya genocide 8203:Major emergencies 8113:Michael Bloomberg 8058:Christos Christou 7993: 7992: 7918:Save the Children 7888:Médecins du Monde 7817:Seville Agreement 7753: 7752: 7607:in conflict zones 7477:. Robert Laffont. 7439:(7176): 113–116. 7403:(25): 2571–2573. 7375:978-1-55297-865-8 7104:10.1136/bmj.k2788 6235:"2020 in figures" 6098:978-0-8014-4450-0 5717:978-0-520-97128-8 5327:. 15 August 2016. 5300:uk.news.yahoo.com 5080:Mail and Guardian 3850:. 13 January 2010 3760:978-0-385-66069-3 3622:BMJ Global Health 3464:on 12 March 2022. 3361:(8840): 299–300. 3176:Richard Seymour, 3007:. Firefly Books. 2971:GreekReporter.com 2951:Seoul Peace Prize 2579:sexual misconduct 2552:Structural racism 2458:Lasker Foundation 2375:Al Shifa Hospital 2117:MSF United States 2019:Christos Christou 1860:projects, proper 1677:domestic violence 1642:Beira, Mozambique 1580:Medical component 1525:Mediterranean Sea 1433:(2019–2020) with 1325:26-year civil war 1218:sleeping sickness 1066:pain management. 967:Jammu and Kashmir 819:Mitumba Mountains 768:Bosnian Serb Army 745:al-Anfal Campaign 670:Médecins du Monde 603:Xavier Emmanuelli 583:Original founders 563:the mass killings 406:Christos Christou 402:Seoul Peace Prize 394:Nobel Peace Prize 268:), also known as 236: 224: 223: 172:Christos Christou 32:Médecins du Monde 16:(Redirected from 10595: 10568:Humanitarian aid 10412: 10405: 10398: 10389: 10388: 10300: 10299: 10226:Way of St. James 10210:Daniel Barenboim 10153:, king of Jordan 10065: 10064: 10048: 10041: 10034: 10025: 10024: 9959: 9811: 9804: 9797: 9788: 9787: 9777: 9766: 9764:Narges Mohammadi 9755: 9736: 9721: 9710: 9699: 9684: 9673: 9662: 9651: 9649:Malala Yousafzai 9636: 9625: 9614: 9595: 9584: 9573: 9571:Martti Ahtisaari 9562: 9547: 9532: 9517: 9506: 9495: 9484: 9458: 9450: 9442: 9430: 9418: 9416:José Ramos-Horta 9406: 9394: 9378: 9366: 9364:Rigoberta Menchú 9358: 9356:Aung San Suu Kyi 9350: 9342: 9334: 9326: 9318: 9310: 9302: 9294: 9286: 9274: 9266: 9258: 9250: 9238: 9230: 9228:Mairead Corrigan 9207: 9199: 9187: 9172: 9171: 9165: 9154: 9143: 9132: 9121: 9120: 9112: 9111: 9103: 9092: 9081: 9069: 9061: 9059:Dag Hammarskjöld 9053: 9045: 9037: 9029: 9021: 9020: 9014: 9013: 9007: 8999: 8991: 8983: 8964: 8956: 8948: 8947: 8941: 8929: 8917: 8909: 8901: 8900: 8894: 8893: 8887: 8886: 8880: 8879: 8873: 8872: 8866: 8858: 8850: 8842: 8834: 8832:Arthur Henderson 8826: 8818: 8817: 8811: 8799: 8797:Nathan Söderblom 8791: 8789:Frank B. Kellogg 8783: 8782: 8776: 8764: 8741: 8729: 8728: 8722: 8721: 8715: 8707: 8701:Hjalmar Branting 8695: 8687: 8679: 8678: 8672: 8664: 8663: 8657: 8656: 8650: 8649: 8643: 8635: 8627: 8615: 8607: 8595: 8583: 8571: 8563: 8555: 8547: 8539: 8527: 8491: 8484: 8477: 8468: 8467: 8457:World portal 8455: 8454: 8406:Related articles 8275:Yemeni Civil War 8270:Syrian civil war 8068:Martin Griffiths 7764: 7763: 7637: 7636: 7602:Humanitarian aid 7591:Humanitarian aid 7584: 7577: 7570: 7561: 7560: 7556: 7551: 7550: 7548:Official website 7535: 7525: 7515: 7490: 7478: 7466: 7456: 7423: 7420: 7389: 7387: 7359: 7341: 7340: 7338: 7336: 7321: 7315: 7314: 7312: 7310: 7296: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7285: 7271: 7265: 7264: 7262: 7260: 7243: 7237: 7236: 7234: 7232: 7218: 7212: 7211: 7209: 7207: 7192: 7186: 7185: 7183: 7181: 7164: 7158: 7157: 7155: 7153: 7138: 7132: 7131: 7083: 7077: 7076: 7074: 7072: 7055: 7049: 7048: 7046: 7044: 7035:. 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Earle 10305: 10290: 10102:Stephen Hawking 10070: 10059: 10052: 10022: 10017: 9955: 9947: 9928: 9909: 9898:Gerard 't Hooft 9884: 9865: 9841: 9822: 9815: 9785: 9780: 9775:to be announced 9769: 9758: 9745:Ales Bialiatski 9739: 9724: 9713: 9702: 9687: 9676: 9665: 9654: 9639: 9628: 9617: 9612:Tawakkol Karman 9598: 9587: 9576: 9565: 9550: 9535: 9520: 9515:Wangari Maathai 9509: 9498: 9487: 9472: 9461: 9453: 9445: 9433: 9421: 9409: 9397: 9381: 9369: 9361: 9353: 9345: 9337: 9329: 9321: 9313: 9305: 9297: 9289: 9277: 9269: 9261: 9253: 9241: 9233: 9221: 9210: 9205:Andrei Sakharov 9202: 9190: 9185:Henry Kissinger 9175: 9169: 9168: 9157: 9146: 9135: 9124: 9116: 9115: 9107: 9106: 9095: 9084: 9072: 9064: 9056: 9048: 9040: 9032: 9024: 9018: 9017: 9011: 9010: 9002: 8994: 8986: 8978: 8967: 8959: 8951: 8945: 8944: 8932: 8920: 8912: 8904: 8898: 8897: 8891: 8890: 8884: 8883: 8877: 8876: 8870: 8869: 8861: 8853: 8845: 8837: 8829: 8821: 8815: 8814: 8809:Nicholas Butler 8802: 8794: 8786: 8780: 8779: 8767: 8758:Aristide Briand 8755: 8744: 8732: 8726: 8725: 8719: 8718: 8713:Fridtjof Nansen 8710: 8705:Christian Lange 8698: 8690: 8682: 8676: 8675: 8667: 8661: 8660: 8654: 8653: 8647: 8646: 8638: 8630: 8618: 8610: 8598: 8586: 8574: 8566: 8558: 8550: 8542: 8530: 8515: 8504: 8495: 8465: 8460: 8449: 8442: 8401: 8370: 8324: 8313:Sphere Handbook 8285: 8279: 8198: 8127: 8098:MacKenzie Scott 8073:Jemilah Mahmood 8063:Winnie Byanyima 8036: 7989: 7958: 7932: 7841: 7803: 7759: 7749: 7713:reform attempts 7712: 7706: 7682: 7641: 7628: 7614:Humanitarianism 7593: 7588: 7546: 7545: 7542: 7421: 7376: 7350: 7348:Further reading 7345: 7344: 7334: 7332: 7330:Middle East Eye 7322: 7318: 7308: 7306: 7298: 7297: 7293: 7283: 7281: 7273: 7272: 7268: 7258: 7256: 7244: 7240: 7230: 7228: 7220: 7219: 7215: 7205: 7203: 7193: 7189: 7179: 7177: 7166: 7165: 7161: 7151: 7149: 7140: 7139: 7135: 7084: 7080: 7070: 7068: 7056: 7052: 7042: 7040: 7023: 7019: 7009: 7007: 6998: 6997: 6988: 6975: 6974: 6970: 6960: 6958: 6949: 6948: 6944: 6928: 6927: 6920: 6918: 6911: 6907: 6896: 6892: 6882: 6880: 6870: 6866: 6856: 6854: 6843: 6842: 6838: 6825: 6824: 6820: 6810: 6808: 6796: 6792: 6782: 6780: 6767: 6766: 6762: 6747: 6746: 6742: 6735:The Independent 6729: 6728: 6724: 6711: 6710: 6706: 6696: 6694: 6689: 6688: 6684: 6669: 6668: 6664: 6654: 6652: 6640: 6636: 6626: 6624: 6604: 6600: 6589: 6585: 6575: 6573: 6567: 6563: 6553: 6551: 6538: 6537: 6533: 6523: 6521: 6510: 6506: 6496: 6494: 6483: 6479: 6470:Wayback Machine 6460: 6456: 6447:Wayback Machine 6437: 6433: 6423: 6421: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6393: 6391: 6382: 6381: 6377: 6367: 6365: 6355: 6351: 6341: 6339: 6324: 6323: 6319: 6309: 6307: 6306:on 4 April 2012 6294: 6293: 6289: 6272: 6271: 6267: 6258: 6257: 6253: 6243: 6241: 6233: 6232: 6228: 6218: 6216: 6207: 6206: 6202: 6192: 6190: 6185: 6184: 6180: 6170: 6168: 6161: 6157: 6110: 6106: 6099: 6083: 6079: 6070:Wayback Machine 6060: 6056: 6047:Wayback Machine 6037: 6033: 6022:WHO Fact Sheet 6021: 6017: 6008:Wayback Machine 5998: 5994: 5985:Wayback Machine 5975: 5971: 5959: 5955: 5943: 5939: 5930:Wayback Machine 5920: 5916: 5904: 5900: 5891:Wayback Machine 5881: 5877: 5868:Wayback Machine 5858: 5854: 5845: 5841: 5832: 5828: 5819: 5815: 5806: 5802: 5793:Wayback Machine 5783: 5779: 5770:Wayback Machine 5760: 5756: 5747:Wayback Machine 5737: 5733: 5718: 5702: 5698: 5688: 5686: 5680:"Lebanon | MSF" 5678: 5677: 5673: 5664:Wayback Machine 5654: 5650: 5641:Wayback Machine 5631: 5627: 5618:Wayback Machine 5608: 5604: 5595:Wayback Machine 5585: 5581: 5572:Wayback Machine 5562: 5558: 5549:Wayback Machine 5539: 5535: 5526:Wayback Machine 5516: 5512: 5503:Wayback Machine 5494: 5490: 5480: 5478: 5469: 5468: 5464: 5454: 5452: 5441: 5437: 5429: 5424: 5423: 5419: 5409: 5407: 5398: 5397: 5393: 5383: 5381: 5372: 5371: 5364: 5351: 5350: 5346: 5337: 5336: 5332: 5323: 5322: 5315: 5305: 5303: 5294: 5293: 5289: 5279: 5277: 5268: 5267: 5263: 5253: 5251: 5242: 5241: 5234: 5224: 5222: 5214: 5213: 5209: 5200: 5199: 5195: 5186: 5185: 5181: 5171: 5169: 5160: 5159: 5155: 5145: 5143: 5130: 5129: 5125: 5115: 5113: 5100: 5099: 5095: 5085: 5083: 5074: 5073: 5069: 5059: 5057: 5044: 5043: 5039: 5029: 5027: 4989: 4985: 4975: 4973: 4962: 4961: 4957: 4947: 4945: 4936: 4935: 4931: 4921: 4919: 4906: 4905: 4901: 4891: 4889: 4888:on 28 June 2011 4885: 4872: 4868: 4867: 4863: 4828:(11): 880–885. 4814: 4810: 4800: 4798: 4789: 4788: 4784: 4745:Malaria Journal 4737: 4733: 4694:Malaria Journal 4686: 4682: 4672: 4670: 4661: 4660: 4656: 4646: 4644: 4635: 4634: 4630: 4583: 4579: 4569: 4567: 4558: 4557: 4553: 4544: 4540: 4531:Wayback Machine 4521: 4517: 4511:Wayback Machine 4501: 4494: 4485:Wayback Machine 4475: 4471: 4462:Wayback Machine 4452: 4448: 4439:Wayback Machine 4429: 4425: 4415: 4413: 4401: 4397: 4388:Wayback Machine 4378: 4374: 4365:Wayback Machine 4355: 4351: 4345:Wayback Machine 4335: 4326: 4320:Wayback Machine 4310: 4303: 4297:Wayback Machine 4287: 4283: 4274: 4270: 4264:Wayback Machine 4254: 4250: 4205: 4201: 4195:Wayback 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3161: 3159: 3146: 3145: 3141: 3131: 3129: 3116: 3115: 3111: 3104: 3088: 3084: 3074: 3072: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3037:(7845): 25–26. 3026: 3022: 3015: 3001: 2986: 2976: 2974: 2965: 2964: 2960: 2943: 2942: 2938: 2925: 2924: 2920: 2910: 2908: 2895: 2894: 2890: 2880: 2878: 2865: 2864: 2860: 2850: 2848: 2843: 2842: 2833: 2823: 2821: 2818: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2799: 2797: 2784: 2783: 2776: 2766: 2764: 2759: 2758: 2754: 2749: 2737: 2735:Relevant topics 2728:Medicine portal 2726: 2721: 2719: 2712: 2707: 2705: 2702: 2662:Mark N. Hopkins 2629: 2603: 2558: 2544: 2487:, for example: 2478:Sans Frontières 2473: 2443: 2437: 2434: 2422: 2419: 2389: 2384: 2367:Gaza, Palestine 2282:American forces 2259: 2253: 2245:Darfur conflict 2201: 2186:In March 2017, 2148: 2142: 2133: 2128: 2123: 2108:MSF Switzerland 2090:MSF Netherlands 2023: 2007:Unni Karunakara 1947: 1911: 1879:mortality rates 1874: 1827: 1697: 1679:and those with 1582: 1549: 1543:and nutrition. 1533: 1505: 1493: 1491:The Netherlands 1488: 1476: 1470: 1387: 1374: 1369: 1334: 1321: 1316: 1304: 1287: 1267: 1234: 1181: 1157: 1129: 1072: 1028: 999: 993: 904: 891: 879: 870: 865: 828:French military 788: 719: 683: 666:South China Sea 637:Claude Malhuret 634: 600:Marcel Delcourt 585: 576:Muslim soldiers 535:1972 earthquake 503:medical journal 489: 423: 418: 261: 260: 226: 214: 203: 193: 190: 180: 168: 158: 151: 148: 130:Amsterdam (OCA) 122: 67: 65: 62: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10601: 10591: 10590: 10585: 10580: 10575: 10570: 10565: 10560: 10555: 10550: 10545: 10540: 10535: 10530: 10525: 10508: 10507: 10505: 10504: 10499: 10493: 10488: 10483: 10477: 10471: 10466: 10461: 10456: 10450: 10445: 10440: 10434: 10427: 10424: 10423: 10415: 10414: 10407: 10400: 10392: 10383: 10382: 10379: 10378: 10376: 10375: 10369: 10363: 10357: 10347: 10341: 10335: 10329: 10327:European Union 10323: 10317: 10310: 10307: 10306: 10296: 10295: 10292: 10291: 10289: 10288: 10282: 10276: 10270: 10264: 10258: 10252: 10246: 10240: 10234: 10228: 10222: 10216: 10206: 10200: 10190: 10184: 10182:Muhammad Yunus 10174:Vicente Ferrer 10170: 10168:Yehudi Menuhin 10160: 10154: 10147: 10133: 10127: 10121: 10111: 10104: 10098: 10088: 10082: 10075: 10072: 10071: 10061: 10060: 10051: 10050: 10043: 10036: 10028: 10019: 10018: 10016: 10015: 10010: 10005: 10000: 9995: 9990: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9960: 9952: 9949: 9948: 9946: 9945: 9942:Robert Mundell 9938: 9936: 9930: 9929: 9927: 9926: 9919: 9917: 9911: 9910: 9908: 9907: 9901: 9894: 9892: 9886: 9885: 9883: 9882: 9875: 9873: 9867: 9866: 9864: 9863: 9856: 9854: 9843: 9842: 9840: 9839: 9832: 9830: 9824: 9823: 9814: 9813: 9806: 9799: 9791: 9782: 9781: 9779: 9778: 9767: 9756: 9737: 9734:Dmitry Muratov 9722: 9711: 9700: 9685: 9674: 9663: 9652: 9637: 9626: 9623:European Union 9615: 9596: 9585: 9574: 9563: 9548: 9545:Muhammad Yunus 9533: 9518: 9507: 9496: 9485: 9478:United Nations 9469: 9467: 9463: 9462: 9460: 9459: 9451: 9443: 9431: 9419: 9407: 9404:Joseph Rotblat 9395: 9379: 9376:F. W. de Klerk 9372:Nelson Mandela 9367: 9359: 9351: 9343: 9335: 9327: 9319: 9311: 9303: 9295: 9287: 9275: 9267: 9259: 9251: 9248:Menachem Begin 9239: 9231: 9224:Betty Williams 9218: 9216: 9212: 9211: 9209: 9208: 9200: 9188: 9173: 9166: 9155: 9152:Norman Borlaug 9144: 9133: 9122: 9113: 9104: 9093: 9082: 9070: 9062: 9054: 9051:Albert Luthuli 9046: 9038: 9030: 9022: 9015: 9008: 9000: 8992: 8984: 8975: 8973: 8969: 8968: 8966: 8965: 8957: 8949: 8942: 8930: 8918: 8910: 8902: 8895: 8888: 8881: 8874: 8867: 8859: 8851: 8843: 8835: 8827: 8819: 8812: 8800: 8792: 8784: 8777: 8765: 8752: 8750: 8746: 8745: 8743: 8742: 8730: 8723: 8716: 8708: 8696: 8693:Léon Bourgeois 8688: 8685:Woodrow Wilson 8680: 8673: 8665: 8658: 8651: 8644: 8636: 8628: 8616: 8608: 8596: 8589:Klas Arnoldson 8584: 8577:Ernesto Moneta 8572: 8564: 8556: 8548: 8540: 8528: 8525:Frédéric Passy 8512: 8510: 8506: 8505: 8494: 8493: 8486: 8479: 8471: 8462: 8461: 8447: 8444: 8443: 8441: 8440: 8435: 8430: 8425: 8423:Crisis mapping 8420: 8415: 8409: 8407: 8403: 8402: 8400: 8399: 8397:Neocolonialism 8394: 8389: 8384: 8378: 8376: 8375:Related fields 8372: 8371: 8369: 8368: 8363: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8332: 8330: 8326: 8325: 8323: 8322: 8317: 8316: 8315: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8289: 8287: 8281: 8280: 8278: 8277: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8242: 8240:Typhoon Haiyan 8237: 8232: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8206: 8204: 8200: 8199: 8197: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8135: 8133: 8129: 8128: 8126: 8125: 8120: 8118:Warren Buffett 8115: 8110: 8108:Jamshedji Tata 8105: 8100: 8095: 8090: 8088:James Orbinski 8085: 8080: 8075: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8055: 8050: 8044: 8042: 8041:Notable people 8038: 8037: 8035: 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8018: 8017: 8007: 8001: 7999: 7995: 7994: 7991: 7990: 7988: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7972: 7966: 7964: 7963:Local agencies 7960: 7959: 7957: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7940: 7938: 7934: 7933: 7931: 7930: 7925: 7920: 7915: 7913:Guardian Girls 7910: 7905: 7900: 7895: 7890: 7885: 7883:Islamic Relief 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7855: 7849: 7847: 7843: 7842: 7840: 7839: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7813: 7811: 7805: 7804: 7802: 7801: 7796: 7791: 7786: 7781: 7776: 7770: 7768: 7761: 7755: 7754: 7751: 7750: 7748: 7747: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7727: 7722: 7716: 7714: 7708: 7707: 7705: 7704: 7699: 7693: 7691: 7684: 7683: 7681: 7680: 7679: 7678: 7668: 7663: 7656: 7651: 7645: 7643: 7634: 7630: 7629: 7627: 7626: 7621: 7616: 7611: 7610: 7609: 7598: 7595: 7594: 7587: 7586: 7579: 7572: 7564: 7558: 7557: 7541: 7540:External links 7538: 7537: 7536: 7491: 7479: 7475:French Doctors 7467: 7424: 7390: 7374: 7349: 7346: 7343: 7342: 7316: 7291: 7266: 7238: 7213: 7187: 7159: 7133: 7078: 7050: 7017: 7006:. 24 June 2020 6986: 6968: 6942: 6905: 6890: 6864: 6853:. 25 June 2021 6836: 6833:. 15 May 2020. 6818: 6790: 6760: 6740: 6722: 6704: 6682: 6662: 6634: 6598: 6583: 6561: 6531: 6504: 6477: 6454: 6431: 6401: 6390:. January 2022 6375: 6359:"Els Torreele" 6349: 6317: 6287: 6265: 6251: 6226: 6200: 6178: 6155: 6104: 6097: 6077: 6054: 6031: 6015: 5992: 5969: 5953: 5937: 5914: 5898: 5875: 5852: 5839: 5826: 5813: 5800: 5777: 5754: 5731: 5716: 5696: 5671: 5648: 5625: 5602: 5579: 5556: 5533: 5510: 5488: 5462: 5435: 5417: 5391: 5362: 5344: 5330: 5313: 5287: 5261: 5250:. 18 June 2021 5232: 5207: 5193: 5179: 5153: 5123: 5093: 5067: 5037: 4983: 4955: 4944:. October 2010 4929: 4899: 4861: 4808: 4782: 4731: 4680: 4669:. 23 July 2018 4654: 4628: 4577: 4551: 4538: 4515: 4492: 4469: 4446: 4423: 4395: 4372: 4349: 4324: 4301: 4281: 4268: 4248: 4199: 4179: 4148: 4125: 4102: 4079: 4056: 4033: 4003: 3969: 3955: 3928: 3898: 3875: 3861: 3835: 3812: 3782: 3779:on 1 May 2003. 3764: 3740: 3710: 3695: 3680: 3665: 3628:(8): e011923. 3605: 3587: 3575:Nobelprize.org 3562: 3537: 3516: 3497: 3467: 3440: 3410: 3380: 3345: 3315: 3289: 3263: 3236: 3217: 3208: 3182: 3169: 3139: 3109: 3102: 3082: 3056: 3020: 3013: 2984: 2958: 2936: 2918: 2888: 2858: 2831: 2807: 2796:on 19 May 2015 2774: 2751: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2744: 2743: 2736: 2733: 2732: 2731: 2717: 2701: 2698: 2697: 2696: 2688: 2686:James Orbinski 2677: 2675:James Maskalyk 2665: 2653: 2651:978-1596433755 2643:Didier Lefèvre 2634: 2628:978-1743315569 2627: 2612: 2602: 2599: 2543: 2540: 2472: 2469: 2468: 2467: 2461: 2442: 2439: 2435:James Orbinski 2432: 2417: 2404:James Orbinski 2396:James Orbinski 2388: 2385: 2383: 2380: 2379: 2378: 2363: 2356: 2349:Dasht-e-Barchi 2345: 2342: 2337:, Syria, were 2331:Idlib District 2327: 2320: 2313: 2298: 2297: 2296: 2274: 2252: 2249: 2243:militias (see 2237:North Caucasus 2200: 2197: 2144:Main article: 2141: 2138: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2124: 2122: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2084:MSF Luxembourg 2082: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2052: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2027: 2022: 2021: 2015: 2009: 2003: 1997: 1991: 1989:Morten Rostrup 1985: 1983:James Orbinski 1979: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1961: 1958: 1951: 1946: 1943: 1919:German Doctors 1910: 1907: 1873: 1870: 1862:waste disposal 1826: 1823: 1777:enriched flour 1760: 1759: 1756: 1696: 1693: 1600:, August 2014. 1581: 1578: 1548: 1545: 1532: 1529: 1504: 1501: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1469: 1466: 1421:(2015) or the 1386: 1383: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1333: 1330: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1303: 1300: 1286: 1283: 1266: 1263: 1247:child soldiers 1233: 1230: 1226:bubonic plague 1197:Ituri district 1180: 1177: 1156: 1153: 1144:Southern Sudan 1128: 1125: 1103:also known as 1071: 1068: 1027: 1024: 997:AIDS in Africa 992: 989: 944:Port-au-Prince 903: 900: 890: 887: 878: 875: 869: 866: 864: 861: 787: 784: 718: 715: 707:drinking water 682: 679: 633: 630: 629: 628: 625: 623:Vladan Radoman 620: 617: 612: 610:Gérard Illiouz 607: 604: 601: 598: 595: 592: 589: 584: 581: 549:had fallen to 540:Hurricane Fifi 488: 485: 477:health workers 422: 419: 417: 414: 398:James Orbinski 379:Central Africa 334:famine of the 276:that provides 222: 221: 212: 208: 207: 204: 201: 198: 197: 194: 188: 185: 184: 181: 178: 175: 174: 169: 166: 163: 162: 159: 156: 153: 152: 150: 149: 147: 146: 143: 140: 137: 136:Brussels (OCB) 134: 131: 127: 121: 120: 114: 107: 105: 101: 100: 95: 91: 90: 85: 81: 80: 77: 73: 72: 59: 55: 54: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10600: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10579: 10576: 10574: 10571: 10569: 10566: 10564: 10561: 10559: 10556: 10554: 10551: 10549: 10546: 10544: 10541: 10539: 10536: 10534: 10531: 10529: 10526: 10524: 10521: 10520: 10518: 10503: 10500: 10497: 10494: 10492: 10489: 10487: 10484: 10482:(Pharmacists) 10481: 10478: 10475: 10472: 10470: 10467: 10465: 10462: 10460: 10457: 10454: 10451: 10449: 10446: 10444: 10441: 10438: 10435: 10432: 10429: 10428: 10425: 10421: 10413: 10408: 10406: 10401: 10399: 10394: 10393: 10390: 10374: 10373:Magnum Photos 10370: 10368: 10364: 10362: 10358: 10356: 10352: 10348: 10346: 10342: 10340: 10336: 10334: 10330: 10328: 10324: 10322: 10318: 10316: 10312: 10311: 10308: 10301: 10297: 10287: 10283: 10281: 10277: 10275: 10271: 10269: 10265: 10263: 10259: 10257: 10253: 10251: 10247: 10245: 10241: 10239: 10235: 10233: 10229: 10227: 10223: 10221: 10220:J. K. Rowling 10217: 10215: 10211: 10207: 10205: 10201: 10199: 10195: 10191: 10189: 10188:Caritas Spain 10185: 10183: 10179: 10175: 10171: 10169: 10165: 10161: 10159: 10158:Adolfo Suárez 10155: 10152: 10148: 10146: 10142: 10138: 10134: 10132: 10128: 10126: 10122: 10120: 10119:Medicus Mundi 10116: 10112: 10109: 10105: 10103: 10099: 10097: 10093: 10089: 10087: 10083: 10081: 10077: 10076: 10073: 10066: 10062: 10057: 10049: 10044: 10042: 10037: 10035: 10030: 10029: 10026: 10014: 10011: 10009: 10006: 10004: 10001: 9999: 9996: 9994: 9991: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9958: 9954: 9953: 9950: 9943: 9940: 9939: 9937: 9935: 9931: 9924: 9923:Günter Blobel 9921: 9920: 9918: 9916: 9912: 9906:(Netherlands) 9905: 9902: 9900:(Netherlands) 9899: 9896: 9895: 9893: 9891: 9887: 9881:(Switzerland) 9880: 9877: 9876: 9874: 9872: 9868: 9861: 9858: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9848: 9844: 9837: 9834: 9833: 9831: 9829: 9825: 9820: 9812: 9807: 9805: 9800: 9798: 9793: 9792: 9789: 9776: 9772: 9768: 9765: 9761: 9757: 9754: 9750: 9746: 9742: 9738: 9735: 9731: 9727: 9723: 9720: 9716: 9712: 9709: 9705: 9701: 9698: 9694: 9693:Denis Mukwege 9690: 9686: 9683: 9679: 9675: 9672: 9668: 9664: 9661: 9657: 9653: 9650: 9646: 9642: 9638: 9635: 9631: 9627: 9624: 9620: 9616: 9613: 9609: 9608:Leymah Gbowee 9605: 9601: 9597: 9594: 9590: 9586: 9583: 9579: 9575: 9572: 9568: 9564: 9561: 9557: 9553: 9549: 9546: 9542: 9538: 9534: 9531: 9527: 9523: 9519: 9516: 9512: 9508: 9505: 9501: 9497: 9494: 9490: 9486: 9483: 9479: 9475: 9471: 9470: 9468: 9464: 9457: 9452: 9449: 9444: 9441: 9440:David Trimble 9437: 9432: 9429: 9428:Jody Williams 9425: 9420: 9417: 9413: 9408: 9405: 9401: 9396: 9393: 9392:Yasser Arafat 9389: 9388:Yitzhak Rabin 9385: 9380: 9377: 9373: 9368: 9365: 9360: 9357: 9352: 9349: 9344: 9341: 9336: 9333: 9328: 9325: 9320: 9317: 9312: 9309: 9304: 9301: 9296: 9293: 9288: 9285: 9281: 9276: 9273: 9268: 9265: 9260: 9257: 9256:Mother Teresa 9252: 9249: 9245: 9240: 9237: 9232: 9229: 9225: 9220: 9219: 9217: 9213: 9206: 9201: 9198: 9194: 9193:Seán MacBride 9189: 9186: 9182: 9180: 9174: 9167: 9164: 9160: 9156: 9153: 9149: 9145: 9142: 9138: 9134: 9131: 9127: 9123: 9119: 9114: 9110: 9105: 9102: 9098: 9094: 9091: 9087: 9083: 9080: 9076: 9071: 9068: 9067:Linus Pauling 9063: 9060: 9055: 9052: 9047: 9044: 9039: 9036: 9031: 9028: 9023: 9016: 9009: 9006: 9001: 8998: 8993: 8990: 8985: 8982: 8977: 8976: 8974: 8970: 8963: 8958: 8955: 8954:John Boyd Orr 8950: 8943: 8940: 8936: 8931: 8928: 8924: 8919: 8916: 8911: 8908: 8903: 8896: 8889: 8882: 8875: 8868: 8865: 8860: 8857: 8852: 8849: 8844: 8841: 8836: 8833: 8828: 8825: 8824:Norman Angell 8820: 8813: 8810: 8806: 8801: 8798: 8793: 8790: 8785: 8778: 8775: 8774:Ludwig Quidde 8771: 8766: 8763: 8759: 8754: 8753: 8751: 8747: 8740: 8739:Charles Dawes 8736: 8731: 8724: 8717: 8714: 8709: 8706: 8702: 8697: 8694: 8689: 8686: 8681: 8674: 8671: 8666: 8659: 8652: 8645: 8642: 8637: 8634: 8629: 8626: 8622: 8617: 8614: 8609: 8606: 8602: 8597: 8594: 8593:Fredrik Bajer 8590: 8585: 8582: 8581:Louis Renault 8578: 8573: 8570: 8565: 8562: 8557: 8554: 8549: 8546: 8545:Randal Cremer 8541: 8538: 8537:Charles Gobat 8534: 8533:Élie Ducommun 8529: 8526: 8522: 8518: 8514: 8513: 8511: 8507: 8503: 8499: 8492: 8487: 8485: 8480: 8478: 8473: 8472: 8469: 8459: 8458: 8453: 8445: 8439: 8436: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8410: 8408: 8404: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8379: 8377: 8373: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8333: 8331: 8327: 8321: 8318: 8314: 8311: 8310: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8290: 8288: 8282: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8207: 8205: 8201: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8136: 8134: 8130: 8124: 8121: 8119: 8116: 8114: 8111: 8109: 8106: 8104: 8103:Melinda Gates 8101: 8099: 8096: 8094: 8091: 8089: 8086: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8076: 8074: 8071: 8069: 8066: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8045: 8043: 8039: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8016: 8013: 8012: 8011: 8008: 8006: 8003: 8002: 8000: 7996: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7967: 7965: 7961: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7941: 7939: 7935: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7921: 7919: 7916: 7914: 7911: 7909: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7850: 7848: 7844: 7838: 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7814: 7812: 7810: 7806: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7792: 7790: 7787: 7785: 7782: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7771: 7769: 7765: 7762: 7760:organizations 7756: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7725:Grand Bargain 7723: 7721: 7718: 7717: 7715: 7709: 7703: 7700: 7698: 7695: 7694: 7692: 7690: 7685: 7677: 7674: 7673: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7661: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7646: 7644: 7642:the Red Cross 7638: 7635: 7631: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7608: 7605: 7604: 7603: 7600: 7599: 7596: 7592: 7585: 7580: 7578: 7573: 7571: 7566: 7565: 7562: 7555: 7549: 7544: 7543: 7533: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7509: 7505: 7501: 7500:PLOS Medicine 7497: 7492: 7488: 7484: 7483:Weber, Oliver 7480: 7476: 7472: 7471:Weber, Oliver 7468: 7464: 7460: 7455: 7450: 7446: 7442: 7438: 7434: 7430: 7425: 7418: 7414: 7410: 7406: 7402: 7398: 7397: 7391: 7386: 7381: 7377: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7362:Firefly Books 7358: 7352: 7351: 7331: 7327: 7320: 7305: 7301: 7295: 7280: 7276: 7270: 7255: 7254: 7249: 7242: 7227: 7223: 7217: 7202: 7198: 7191: 7175: 7174: 7169: 7163: 7147: 7143: 7137: 7129: 7125: 7121: 7117: 7113: 7109: 7105: 7101: 7097: 7093: 7089: 7082: 7067: 7066: 7061: 7054: 7038: 7034: 7033: 7028: 7021: 7005: 7001: 6995: 6993: 6991: 6982: 6978: 6972: 6956: 6952: 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1669:psychologists 1664: 1662: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1586: 1577: 1575: 1569: 1565: 1559:showing plans 1558: 1553: 1544: 1542: 1537: 1528: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1509: 1500: 1498: 1483: 1481: 1475: 1465: 1463: 1462: 1457: 1453: 1452: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1431: 1426: 1425: 1420: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1410: 1405: 1404: 1400:(2015–2016), 1399: 1398: 1397:Bourbon Argos 1393: 1382: 1379: 1364: 1363:authorities. 1360: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1339: 1329: 1326: 1311: 1309: 1299: 1291: 1282: 1280: 1279:contraception 1275: 1272: 1271:2002 division 1262: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1243: 1239: 1229: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1214:Marburg fever 1211: 1207: 1203: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1176: 1174: 1173:Jonglei State 1170: 1166: 1162: 1152: 1150: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1124: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1067: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1023: 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During the 700: 696: 692: 688: 678: 675: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 654: 649: 644: 642: 638: 626: 624: 621: 619:Gérard Pigeon 618: 616: 613: 611: 608: 605: 602: 599: 596: 594:Raymond Borel 593: 590: 588:Jacques Bérès 587: 586: 580: 577: 573: 569: 564: 560: 556: 552: 551:North Vietnam 548: 547:South Vietnam 543: 541: 536: 532: 527: 525: 521: 520:East Pakistan 517: 512: 507: 504: 500: 499:Raymond Borel 495: 484: 482: 478: 473: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 436: 432: 429:A child with 427: 413: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 391: 386: 384: 380: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 328: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 281:medical care. 279: 275: 271: 264: 258: 254:; pronounced 253: 249: 219: 213: 209: 205: 199: 195: 186: 182: 176: 173: 170: 164: 160: 154: 144: 141: 138: 135: 132: 129: 128: 125: 119: 116: 115: 112: 109: 108: 106: 102: 99: 96: 92: 89: 86: 82: 78: 74: 60: 56: 52: 47: 37: 33: 19: 10473: 10367:Mary's Meals 10286:Caddy Adzuba 10268:Fukushima 50 10262:Manos Unidas 10114: 9987: 9878: 9860:Günter Grass 9836:Ahmed Zewail 9774: 9751: / 9747: / 9732: / 9695: / 9647: / 9610: / 9606: / 9582:Barack Obama 9558: / 9543: / 9541:Grameen Bank 9528: / 9504:Shirin Ebadi 9493:Jimmy Carter 9480: / 9466:2001–present 9456:Kim Dae-jung 9447: 9438: / 9426: / 9414: / 9402: / 9390: / 9386: / 9384:Shimon Peres 9374: / 9300:Desmond Tutu 9282: / 9246: / 9226: / 9195: / 9183: / 9177: 9163:Willy Brandt 9077: / 9035:Georges Pire 8981:Léon Jouhaux 8962:Ralph Bunche 8937: / 8925: / 8915:Cordell Hull 8856:Robert Cecil 8807: / 8772: / 8760: / 8737: / 8703: / 8625:Alfred Fried 8623: / 8621:Tobias Asser 8603: / 8591: / 8579: / 8535: / 8523: / 8521:Henry Dunant 8448: 8392:Peacekeeping 8382:Human Rights 8293:CHS Alliance 8286:power, abuse 8225:2004 tsunami 8194:Yield Giving 8083:Peter Maurer 7944:NEAR Network 7923:World Vision 7892: 7758:Humanitarian 7730:Localisation 7711:21st-century 7658: 7649:Henry Dunant 7503: 7499: 7487:Humanitaires 7486: 7474: 7436: 7432: 7400: 7394: 7365: 7361: 7333:. 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