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371:("defenders of faith") began destroying the tombs of Timbuktu shortly after UNESCO placed them on a list of endangered World Heritage sites. They set about destroying seven of Timbuktu's total sixteen ancient Muslim saint shrines, including two tombs at the Djingareyber Mosque. Using "hoes, pick-axes and chisels, they hammered away at the two earthen tombs until they were completely destroyed". The damage to the mosque itself, however, was minimal.
42:
110:
300:, also widely used in the rest of the town), and the minaret, also built in limestone and rendered with mud, the Djingareyber Mosque is made entirely of earth plus organic materials such as fibre, straw and wood. It has three inner courts, two minarets and twenty-five rows of pillars aligned in an east-west direction and a prayer space for 2,000 people.
391:
The local masons in charge of the project clearly had good technical expertise; however, there is a need to regularly document their activities and starting point. Natural local trees that were originally used for building materials for the beams in the mosque have also disappeared due to climate change, so wood beams must be imported from
390:
The first phase of restoration was a pilot project undertaken from
November 2006 to July 2007. This work included drainage and paving around the mosque, re-rendering walls in bad condition and in one zone of the roof, replacing around 50% of the beams, above which was a heavy build-up of mud plaster.
398:
While drought may cause issues, too much rain has also shown to be detrimental to the mosque. Heavy rains in 1999, 2001, and 2003 caused the collapse of many traditionally built earthen buildings, as well as more recently built structures. Climate change is expected to increase the severity of these
292:
of gold dust for the work. More recent analyses reject this version, demonstrating that the architectural style of the
Djinguereber Mosque and others in West Africa derives mainly from mosques in the Sahara and traditional African architecture and religions, so that al-Sahili's influence on West
395:. This drastically increases the price of resources needed to restore the mosque, as building materials aren't readily available anymore. Despite ongoing maintenance efforts, there is still a one-meter difference between the roof height in 1952 and today.
996:
1194:
652:
633:
402:
Aftering being de-listed in 2005, the
Djinguereber has once again been on the list of World Heritage Sites in danger since the attack by Ansar Dine in 2012.
337:
beginning in 1570. The work was a source of conflict between the Askia and the Qadi, who resented the renovated mosque's association with a secular power.
414:
documents cultural heritage sites in 3D to create a record for future generations. The documentation of the
Djinguereber Mosque is based on terrestrial
1072:
989:
489:, Brasilia: UNESCO Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage, 23 December 1988, pp. 17–18, SC-88/CONF.001/13
699:, Banff: UNESCO Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage, 12 December 1990, pp. 17–18, CLT-90/CONF.004/13
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133:
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383:. A four-year project towards the restoration and rehabilitation of the Mosque began in June 2006, and is being conducted and financed by the
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418:. The 3D documentation of the Djinguereber Mosque was carried out in 2005. A 3D model, plans and images can be viewed
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468:
516:
Aradeon, Susan B. (1989). "Al-Sahili: the historians' myth of architectural technology transfer from North Africa".
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419:
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The mosque was on the UN's list of World
Heritage Sites in danger in 1990 due to sand encroachment from increasing
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353:), a stampede at the mosque killed around 26 people and injured at least 55 others, mostly women and children.
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Rüther, Heinz; Held, Christof; Bhurtha, Roshan; Schroeder, Ralph; Wessels, Stephen (13 January 2012).
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960:"From Point Cloud to Textured Model, the Zamani Laser Scanning Pipeline in Heritage Documentation"
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Except for a small part of the northern facade, which was reinforced in the 1960s in alhore (
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Mali
Islamists destroy tombs at ancient Timbuktu mosque | Radio Netherlands Worldwide
197:
8:
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The design and construction of the
Djinguereber mosque is traditionally credited to the
859:
834:
Rüther, Heinz; Rajan, Rahim S. (2007). "Documenting
African Sites: The Aluka Project".
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843:
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741:"UNESCO World Heritage Centre - State of Conservation (SOC 2008) Timbuktu (Mali)"
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African dominion : a new history of empire in early and medieval West Africa
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905:"Africa's great heritage sites are being mapped out with point precision lasers"
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767:"Timbuktu's Djinguereber mosque: a history of cities in 50 buildings, day 5"
669:"Timbuktu's Djinguereber mosque: a history of cities in 50 buildings, day 5"
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931:"AN AFRICAN HERITAGE DATABASE – THE VIRTUAL PRESERVATION OF AFRICA'S PAST"
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879:"Meet the scientists immortalizing African heritage in virtual reality"
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990:"Challenges in Heritage Documentation with Terrestrial Laser Scanning"
718:"La Cité des 333 saints abrite de nombreux chantiers de modernisation"
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Pilgrims killed in stampede at
Djingareyber Mosque in Timbuktu
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333:, Djinguereber mosque was renovated by the Qadi of Timbuktu
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696:
Report of the World
Heritage Committee, Fourteenth Session
565:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 352.
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Koyra Chiini. (Dictionnaire songhay-anglais-français, I.)
807:
738:
313:
Around 1325 the creation of the mosque is attributed to
486:
Report of the World Heritage Committee, Twelfth Session
607:, UNESCO World Heritage News Archive, 26 February 2010
1195:
Religious buildings and structures completed in 1327
1035:
Translated from Ibn Khaldun, loc. cit., p. 348.
836:Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians
796:Case Studies on Climate Change and World Heritage
794:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre, 2009, pp. 74–75,
792:Case Studies on Climate Change and World Heritage
515:
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284:- one of the best-known sources on 14th-century
405:
363:Islamist destruction of Timbuktu heritage sites
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349:(a festival to mark the birth anniversary of
317:who paid 200kg of gold to build the mosque.
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720:(in French). Afribone Mali SA. 5 April 2007
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293:African architecture is treated as a myth.
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367:On 1 July 2012, militant Islamists of the
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506:The Meanings of Timbuktu, Bloom, Pg. 52.
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1002:from the original on 25 September 2019.
810:"State of Conservation Timbuktu (2023)"
374:
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947:from the original on 15 February 2017.
288:- he was said to have received 12,000
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560:
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902:
790:Colette, Augustin, and Kishore Rao.
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252:. Built in 1327, it is one of three
1210:Aga Khan Trust for Culture projects
1124:Mamma Haidara Commemorative Library
765:Smith, Alex Duval (27 March 2015).
620:26 dead in Timbuktu mosque stampede
463:. Paris: L'Harmattan. p. 146.
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13:
964:South African Journal of Geomatics
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260:. It was inscribed on the list of
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1046:Photos/Pictures of Timbuktu, Mali
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544:"Djingereyber Mosque Restoration"
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244:, is a famous learning center in
16:Learning center in Timbuktu, Mali
903:Wild, Sarah (18 December 2018).
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877:Giles, Chris (5 January 2018).
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588:Deadly crush at Timbuktu mosque
236:'grand mosque'), also known as
205:showing the mosque in 1905-1906
808:UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
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1225:Sudano-Sahelian architecture
591:, BBC News, 26 February 2010
406:3D Model with Laser-Scanning
345:On 26 February 2010, during
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623:, Reuters, 26 February 2010
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262:UNESCO World Heritage Sites
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864:10.1525/jsah.2007.66.4.437
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385:Aga Khan Trust for Culture
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1014:"Site - Timbuktu Mosque"
518:Journal des africanistes
441:List of mosques in Egypt
309:Foundation of the mosque
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655:29 October 2013 at the
561:Gomez, Michael (2018).
459:Heath, Jeffrey (1998).
227:Mosquée de Djinguereber
33:Mosquée de Djinguereber
1205:University of Timbuktu
1174:Northern Mali conflict
1082:University of Timbuktu
530:10.3406/jafr.1989.2279
258:University of Timbuktu
206:
201:Postcard published by
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127:Geographic coordinates
361:Further information:
200:
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1200:14th-century mosques
375:Preservation Efforts
325:During the reign of
149:16.77139°N 3.01000°W
1170:Battles of Timbuktu
1096:Djinguereber Mosque
278:Abu Ishaq Al Sahili
211:Djinguereber Mosque
145: /
24:Djinguereber Mosque
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193:Outside the mosque
154:16.77139; -3.01000
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1101:Sidi Yahya Mosque
1018:zamaniproject.org
431:Lists of mosques
341:Post-Independence
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30:مسجد جينجيربر
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771:the Guardian
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679:11 September
677:. Retrieved
673:The Guardian
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238:Djingareyber
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231:Koyra Chiini
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165:Architecture
32:
18:
1145:Mali Empire
1116:Manuscripts
548:Archnet.org
327:Askia Dawud
282:Ibn Khaldun
152: /
55:Affiliation
1189:Categories
1023:30 October
914:17 October
888:17 October
447:References
369:Ansar Dine
315:Mansa Musa
137:16°46′17″N
976:2225-8531
938:isprs.org
856:0037-9808
776:8 October
750:8 October
399:threats.
264:in 1988.
254:madrassas
180:Completed
1140:Timbuktu
1133:See also
997:Archived
942:Archived
653:Archived
634:Wikinews
425:See also
351:Muhammad
290:mithkals
276:scholar
274:Andalusi
246:Timbuktu
140:3°0′36″W
87:Timbuktu
83:Location
78:Location
49:Religion
1172:in the
1089:Masjids
724:9 April
703:9 April
627:14 June
611:14 June
595:14 June
493:9 April
329:of the
304:History
229:; from
1165:Azawad
974:
862:
854:
569:
467:
347:Mawlid
268:Design
223:French
215:Arabic
174:mosque
1000:(PDF)
993:(PDF)
945:(PDF)
934:(PDF)
860:JSTOR
819:5 May
420:here.
393:Ghana
72:Sunni
60:Islam
1160:Mali
1025:2019
972:ISSN
916:2019
890:2019
852:ISSN
821:2024
778:2018
752:2018
726:2007
705:2007
681:2015
629:2010
613:2010
597:2010
567:ISBN
495:2007
465:ISBN
410:The
286:Mali
250:Mali
209:The
183:1327
170:Type
91:Mali
883:CNN
844:doi
526:doi
387:.
240:or
1191::
1016:.
995:.
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840:66
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812:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
