935:
979:
1443:
43:
1519:
1491:
62:
1503:
1467:
1117:
1455:
2321:
2798:
2532:
1479:
1538:
29:
962:
69:
911:
810:
818:
802:
1028:(البجيري), one of the districts of the city, directly adjacent to Qasr Salwa on the opposite side of the wadi. It was the religious centre of the historical settlement, surrounded by palm trees. The chief building was mosque of the Shaykh Muḥammad bin ʿAbd al-Wahāb (محمد بن عبد الوهاب), now rebuilt and set in the al-Bujairi Heritage Park. Shaykh
754:, ordered the destruction of Diriyah. However, when a member of the local nobility tried to revive the Wahhabi state in Diriyah, Ibrahim ordered his troops to destroy the town even further and set whatever was left of it on fire. When the Saudis revived their fortunes in 1824 and again in 1902, they made their capital further south in
973:
popularly known as the Palace of Saad (قصر سعد بن سعود). One of the largest palaces on the site, it is famous for its courtyard, which was used as a stable. The palace was restored in the late 1980s and is several stories high. Sa'd ibn Sā'ud was the son of Imām Abd Allāh bin Saʿūd āl Sāʿūd (d. 1819)
1017:
in
November 1803. The building fell into ruins after the invasion of 1818 and the disappearance of the first Saudi state; only part of the structure on eastern side survived to the 1970s and is still preserved. A small mosque was built on the south-west corner of the site some time in the first half
990:
a traditional building consisting of a number of small courtyards surrounded by rooms. The Bath House is famous for its different architectural styles and shows how the building was waterproofed by using different plasters. Both the Guest and Bath Houses were supplied with water from a well in the
864:
Among the rebuilt structures are the bath and guest house, the Qasr Nasr, the Saad bin Saud Palace that was finished by the early 1990s, the Burj Faysal that was a wall tower renovated in the 1980s, major sections of the wall surrounding Turaif, and sections of the outer walls and some watchtowers
765:
viewed the Arab challenge with caution, especially after the loss of Mecca and Medina, and the removal of the
Ottoman emperor's name from Friday prayers. An Egyptian army under Ibrahim Pasha was sent to recover lost territory. In 1818 the army entered Diriyah and after a six-month siege penetrated
338:, which continues southwards through Riyadh and beyond. Consisting almost entirely of mud-brick structures, the ruins are divided into three districts, Ghussaibah, Al-Mulaybeed, and Turaif that are set on top of hills overlooking the
718:, with its capital at Diriyah, was born. Within the next several decades, Ibn Saud and his immediate descendants managed to subjugate all of Nejd, as well as the eastern and western regions of Arabia, and sent raids into
1128:, Football ground in the Nakheel area. It is home to football team Mosim FC, who are called The Pride of Dir'iyah. Mosim Park was erected in 2007 after Mosim FC moved there from their old ground downtown of Riyadh.
656:. Ibn Dir' is said to have been a relative of Mani' Al-Mraydi, and Mani's clan is believed to have left the area of Wadi Hanifa at some unknown date and were merely returning to their country of origin.
722:. Diriyah quickly swelled in size and increased in wealth, becoming the largest town in Nejd and a major city in Arabia by the standards of the time. However, the Saudis' conquest of the holy cities of
1635:
Rentz, G. "al- Dir'iyya (or al-Dariyya)." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2007. Brill Online. CDL. 5 November 2007
681:) was settled. Many families from other towns or from the Bedouin tribes of the nearby desert eventually settled in the area and by the 18th century Diriyah had become a well-known town in Nejd.
934:
876:
documentation and necessary investigations, including excavations especially in places that may need to be remodelled, are planned in three major phases. These will include sites such as:
953:. It is considered the largest palace on the site, rising four stories high. It is composed of five main parts built at different consecutive periods of time. It was probably finished by
604:
A platoon of thirty
Muslims under the leadership of Muhammad bin Maslamah was despatched on a military mission. It headed for the habitation of the Qurata, a sept of the Bakr clan of the
781:
observed that the Al Saud had "left the shell of their old capital behind them, an enduring reminder of the frontiers of the possible" and compared the old
Diriyah to "a sand-blown
2786:
342:. Of the three, Turaif is the highest, and its bottom is easily accessible to tourists by foot. Part of the city wall, running along the edges of the wadi and also made of
1065:(مسجد الظويهرة) is located in the al-Bujairi Heritage Park and is an old traditional building, restored and reopened in 2014. It is notable for the underground chamber or
770:, totally destroyed the houses and cut down every tree in the palm groves. The Egyptians were estimated to have lost 10,000 men in the siege, and the Saudi forces 1,800.
826:
387:
349:
The modern city is built at a lower altitude at the foot of the hill upon which Turaif is located. To the north of the town, inside the valley, are a number of gardens,
2498:
1805:, quoting Muhammad al-Essa. In support of this identification, Ibn Aqil mentions that one of the nearby creeks is still known as "Ghubaira", the diminutive of "Ghabra".
869:
has been completely remodeled, leaving only some of the more recent original structures standing to the north of the complex build on the site of the historic mosque.
872:
The "Turaif
District Development Plan" aims to turn the district into a major national, cultural and touristic center. Before turning the complete site into a modern
2764:
1083:(مسجد نخيل العذيبة) is located a short distance to the west of the old city, in the farm of Sultan Bin Salman. It is built in the traditional central Arabian style.
1099:(متحف السنين الماضية) is located north of al-Bujairi and houses a collection reflecting everyday life in central Arabia in the early and middle twentieth century.
789:), and a new city was founded by the Saudi government in the late 1970s. This new city of Diriyah grew in size and is now a small but modern town and the seat of
2053:"Turaif District Development – Renovating the Local Arabic Architecture" in "Open Ends for the Local Architecture – Contemporary Practices in Saudi Architecture"
1719:
2202:
Muhammad Abb al-Qawi," مَسْجدُ الظويْهِرَةِ بِالدِّرْعِيَّة نمـوذج للمسـاجد التقـليدية ذات الخلوة " Arab archaeology unit, Conference, vol. 8 (October 2013).
2024:
2887:
2779:
1022:
mosque of the 18th century. The modern mosque was replaced with a traditional building as part of the development under the UNESCO heritage programme.
2189:
For a photographs see الدرعية التاريخية. (2022). ٱلْمَمْلَكَة ٱلْعَرَبِيَّة ٱلسُّعُوْدِيَّة. الدِرْعِيّة. في حي السهل البجيري. مسجد الظويهر. Zenodo.
1046:(غصيبة), a walled historic site and on the edge of Wadi Hanifah, is to the north of old Dir'iyyah and is thought to date back to the 17th century CE.
850:
608:. The platoon attacked that sept and dispersed them in all directions. The Muslims captured war bounty and returned with the chief of the tribe of
1077:(مسجد السريحة) is a modern building made in the traditional central Arabian style. It is located on the west side of the al-Bujairi Heritage Park.
380:
224:
2084:
1977:
1648:
825:
Saudi Arabia has formed the
Diriyah Gate Development Authority (DGDA) to oversee the preservation and development of the historic site. Despite
1870:
Mostyn, Trevor. "Dir'iya." In: Saudi Arabia: A MEED Practical Guide. Second edition. London: Middle East
Economic Digest. 1983. Pages 246-247.
2902:
2772:
1502:
291:
under the first Saudi dynasty from 1727 to 1818. Today, the town is the seat of the
Diriyah Governorate, which also includes the villages of
2892:
2802:
2528:
2843:
1597:
Hans Wehr (edited by J. Milton Cowan): A dictionary of modern written Arabic, ed. 3, Ithaca, N.Y., 1971, Spoken
Language Services, Inc.
413:
373:
115:
2794:
890:
Once finished, there will be a new visitors center as well as a documentation center. Four new museums are planned for the district.
954:
2536:
1566:
1442:
978:
660:
2310:
2907:
2520:
1751:
2877:
2212:
1788:
1518:
865:
surrounding the wadi. Outside of the Turaif district, on the opposite side of the wadi Hanifa, the region of the mosque of
793:. The ruins remain a tourist attraction and are subject to a slow restoration project on the part of the Saudi government.
594:
61:
1931:
2882:
2137:
1894:
1855:
1819:
1798:
1774:
1743:
1490:
633:
1715:
675:). The entire settlement was named Al-Dir'iyah, after Mani's benefactor Ibn Dir'. Later on, the district of Turaif (
533:
1927:
1148:
2831:
1561:
628:
known as "Ghabra", the history of
Diriyah proper dates back to the 15th century. According to the chroniclers of
483:
397:
315:
2259:
2059:
1036:
in this mosque. It became a centre for religious education. Students used to travel to it from all parts of the
1010:
1112:(جامعة المعرفة), is an educational institution to the north of the old city in Al Khalidiyah suburb of Riyadh.
1059:(قصر العوجا) is a large Saudi royal palace erected adjacent to the old city on the south bank of Wadi Hanifa.
493:
2927:
2897:
1679:
508:
108:
2244:
2303:
588:
576:
857:, was hired to lead the new authority. In 2019, Inzerillo said that Diriyah would soon be known as "the
2513:
1466:
1143:
In Diriyah the summers are long, sweltering, and arid, and the winters are cool and dry. Diriyah has a
923:
866:
846:
703:
488:
311:
1918:
1616:
1733:
1509:
886:
Farhan Ibn Saud Palace, Torki Ibn Saud Palace, and Qoo'a Al-Sharia'a (eastern court of Salwa Palace).
858:
428:
2320:
773:
The town's original inhabitants left Diriyah after 1818, with the bulk of them moving to Riyadh. In
2922:
2849:
2288:
625:
503:
453:
418:
318:
with the help of a large-scale detailed model of the city on display there. Diriyah also hosts the
203:
1636:
2917:
1610:
1029:
513:
473:
2071:
2452:
2296:
1949:
1948:
prohibits the veneration of shrines, tombs, and sacred objects, many sites associated with the
1585:
1454:
830:
751:
478:
256:
1588:, but also written as "Al-Diriyah", "Ad-Diriyah", "Ad-Dir'iyah", "Ad-Dar'iyah", or "Dir'aiyah"
42:
2912:
2506:
2447:
518:
268:
1952:, such as the homes and graves of companions of Muhammad, were demolished under Saudi rule.
1750:
Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation available
1478:
498:
1693:
8:
2647:
2412:
1701:
1543:
854:
790:
553:
538:
164:
1847:
2713:
2683:
1653:
1144:
463:
307:
288:
175:
48:
907:
Additionally, a Turaif traditional market will add to the open-air museum experience.
785:". However, the area was resettled in the late 20th century, mostly by former nomads (
642:), an ancestor of the Saudi royal family. Mani and his clan had come from the area of
620:
Although the location is sometimes identified with an ancient settlement mentioned by
334:
The ruins of the old city of Diriyah lay on either side of the narrow valley known as
2133:
2067:
1890:
1851:
1815:
1770:
1739:
1037:
1006:
950:
949:(قصر سلوى) was the residence and first home of the Saʿūdī Amirs and Imāms during the
735:
715:
685:
563:
543:
528:
523:
458:
448:
300:
2149:
2103:
1996:
1092:
A number of the palaces in the old city have been restored and are used as museums.
894:
A museum of war and defense (as this was the site of a major siege in Saudi Arabia).
2932:
2825:
2813:
2417:
2372:
1551:
919:
842:
747:
548:
443:
433:
2482:
2063:
1953:
1802:
1764:
1066:
873:
739:
710:, lying on the same wadi some 30 miles upstream. Ibn Saud agreed to implement al-
621:
558:
423:
244:
93:
2220:
1840:
2673:
2622:
2571:
2437:
2402:
2397:
1116:
762:
731:
702:, or ruler, of Al-Diriyah. In 1744, Ibn Saud took in a religious scholar named
468:
438:
353:
groves, and small farms and estates. A dam known as Al-Ilb lies further north.
1425:
2871:
2855:
2837:
2367:
2324:
2274:
2261:
1814:
Al-Juhany, U.M., Najd before the Salafi Reform Movement, Ithaca Press, 2002,
1620:. Vol. 7 (9th ed.). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 113.
1556:
1351:
1018:
of 20th century. Subsequently the location was excavated to reveal the large
319:
130:
117:
16:
Town in Saudi Arabia, capital of the first Saudi state and Emirate of Diriyah
2797:
2678:
2531:
2432:
1913:
1835:
778:
350:
276:
2457:
2248:
2190:
982:
Al-Dirʻiyyah. The palace of Sa'd ibn Sā'ud (قصر سعد الدرعية) as restored.
834:
609:
335:
272:
1609:
365:
2733:
2487:
2477:
1956:
have estimated that as many as 95 percent of the historic sites around
1014:
707:
605:
2025:"Saudi Arabia's Diriyah to be the 'Beverly Hills' of Riyadh, says CEO"
1796:
1675:
214:
2377:
2177:
2150:"ThePlace: Al-Bujairi district in Saudi Arabia's historic Ad Diriyah"
2108:
2001:
1945:
1923:
1019:
652:), who was then the ruler of a group of settlements that now make up
343:
323:
2318:
2056:
688:
emerged from a struggle within the ruling family of Al-Diriyah, the
2663:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2591:
2472:
2467:
2427:
2357:
1134:
opened in 2019 is a sporting venue with a capacity of 15,000 seats.
827:
Wahhabi destruction of many Islamic, cultural, and historical sites
643:
598:
401:
33:
2755:
750:
after a nearly-year-long siege. The leader of the invading force,
2738:
2718:
2703:
2668:
2422:
2382:
2362:
838:
786:
782:
711:
689:
284:
2085:"Saudis Turn Birthplace of Wahhabism Ideology Into Tourist Spot"
1978:"Saudis Turn Birthplace of Wahhabism Ideology Into Tourist Spot"
1649:"Saudis Turn Birthplace of Wahhabism Ideology Into Tourist Spot"
1071:, a feature encountered in the older mosques in the Najd region.
849:'s domain, turning it into a major tourist attraction. In 2018,
2728:
2688:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2586:
2581:
2566:
2556:
2462:
2442:
2407:
2387:
2352:
2336:
1961:
1002:
974:
and played a prominent role in the battle for the city in 1818.
767:
755:
727:
653:
339:
296:
292:
280:
28:
279:. Located on the northwestern outskirts of the Saudi capital,
2743:
2723:
2698:
2693:
2642:
2576:
2561:
1957:
1033:
961:
746:
forces. They brought the Saudi state to an end in 1818, with
743:
723:
346:, are still extant along with some short observation towers.
314:
in 2010. The layout of the city itself can be studied in the
910:
809:
2551:
2347:
992:
938:
Al-Dirʻiyyah, remains of the central building in Qasr Salwa
817:
801:
719:
629:
1009:(1687–1765), perhaps replacing an earlier structure. Imām
152:
698:, sons of Miqrin, a descendant of Mani'), and became the
310:, the first capital of Saudis in Diriyah, was declared a
2132:, KSA-Deputy Ministry of Antiquities and Museums, 2000,
734:, the major Islamic power at the time, which led to the
1735:
The Journey of Prophecy; Days of Peace and War (Arabic)
926:'s domain, turning it into a major tourist attraction.
805:
Heritage preserving: Diriyah Gate Development Authority
2104:"Diriyah on course to become world-class tourist spot"
1997:"Diriyah on course to become world-class tourist spot"
1716:
Role of Booty in the economy during the prophets time
957:, who was Imam from 1803 to 1814. It is now a museum.
2180:: Wednesday, January 30, 2013. Vol. XXXVIII, no. 59.
1756:
1533:
1032:
used to give lessons about his reformed movement of
796:
714:
religious views, and what later became known as the
646:
in eastern Arabia, upon the invitation of Ibn Dir' (
2055:by Mashary A. ALNaim and Tariq M. Abd El Fattah in
883:
Ibraheem Ibn Saud Palace and Fahad Ibn Saud Palace.
2101:
1994:
1889:. London, UK: Stacey International. pp. 6–7.
1839:
880:Al-Imam Mohammad bin Saud Mosque and Salwa Palace.
255:, approximate meaning ‘place of armor’), formerly
299:, and Al-Ammariyyah, among others—and is part of
2869:
1846:. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. pp.
1103:
758:, which has remained their capital ever since.
1718:, Vol. 1, King Abdul Aziz University, p. 11. (
813:entrance gate to open air museum, January 2024
2780:
2514:
2304:
2048:
2046:
2044:
1908:
1906:
381:
942:The old city's historic structures include:
693:
676:
670:
664:
659:Initially, Mani' and his clan, known as the
647:
637:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1762:
2844:Bir Hima Rock Petroglyphs and Inscriptions
2787:
2773:
2521:
2507:
2311:
2297:
2041:
1903:
1050:
777:(first published in 1981), British author
388:
374:
2888:Populated places established in the 1440s
2130:Al-Turaif Bath House and the Guest Palace
955:Saud ibn Abdul Aziz ibn Muhammad ibn Saud
395:
2066:, issue 208, February 2008 (Safar 1429)
1884:
1873:
1830:
1828:
1769:, Darussalam Publications, p. 204,
1567:List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia
1115:
988:The Guest House and At-Turaif Bath House
977:
960:
933:
909:
816:
808:
800:
361:
2082:
1975:
1731:
1646:
612:, called Thumamah Bin Uthal al-Hanafi.
283:. Diriyah was the original home of the
2870:
2191:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6967317
1763:Mubarakpuri, Saifur Rahman Al (2005),
1725:
1708:
1607:
929:
922:undertook a large scale renovation of
845:undertook a large scale renovation of
821:view towards reconstructed old Diriyah
2768:
2502:
2292:
2102:Estimo Jr, Rodolfo (5 January 2017).
1995:Estimo Jr, Rodolfo (5 January 2017).
1834:
1825:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1005:built first during the reign of Imām
833:and the first generation of Muslims (
632:, the city was founded in 1446–47 by
369:
2903:World Heritage Sites in Saudi Arabia
2803:World Heritage Sites in Saudi Arabia
1789:Abu Abd al-Rahman Ibn Aqil al-Zahiri
1584:Properly Al-Dirʻiyyah following the
1013:was assassinated here while leading
2893:Populated places in Riyadh Province
2023:Jr, Bernd Debusmann (29 May 2019).
1676:"At-Turaif District in ad-Dir'iyah"
1120:Al-Dirʻiyyah, Al Maarefa University
694:
677:
671:
665:
648:
638:
595:expedition of Muhammad ibn Maslamah
287:, and served as the capital of the
248:
13:
2175:Diriyah: A glimpse into bygone era
2022:
1624:
1011:Abd al ʿAzīz bin Muḥammad Āl Saʿūd
14:
2944:
2820:At-Turaif District in ad-Dir'iyah
2238:
1934:from the original on 26 June 2020
1698:Pictures, info and travel reports
903:A museum of commerce and finance.
797:Renovations and development plans
2796:
2530:
2319:
2219:. 9 January 2020. Archived from
1536:
1517:
1501:
1489:
1477:
1465:
1453:
1441:
67:
60:
41:
27:
2205:
2196:
2183:
2167:
2142:
2123:
2095:
2076:
2016:
1988:
1969:
1864:
1808:
1782:
1714:Muhammad Yasin Mahzar Siddiqi,
1694:"Turaif Quarter in Al-Diriyyah"
1081:The mosque of Nakhil al-'Dhibah
316:National Museum of Saudi Arabia
68:
1686:
1668:
1640:
1600:
1591:
1578:
999:Imām Muḥammad bin Saʿūd Mosque
706:, who hailed from the town of
1:
2908:Tourist attractions in Riyadh
1928:Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
1647:Hubbard, Ben (May 31, 2015).
1572:
1149:Köppen climate classification
1104:Public facilities and centres
2832:Rock Art in the Ha'il Region
2083:Hubbard, Ben (31 May 2015).
1976:Hubbard, Ben (31 May 2015).
1914:"Wahhābī (Islamic movement)"
1680:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
1448:Salwa Palace for the outside
615:
76:Location within Saudi Arabia
7:
2878:1446 establishments in Asia
2814:Al-Hijr Archaeological Site
1608:Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878).
1562:List of battles of Muhammad
1529:
1512:displayed in Diriyah Galley
1280:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1210:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
589:List of battles of Muhammad
577:Military career of Muhammad
329:
10:
2949:
1795:, Vol. I, No. 1, May 1988
1524:Trade and Treasury Gallery
1434:
1423:
1160:
1138:
1087:
1063:The mosque of al-Zawiharah
924:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
867:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
847:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
742:by the Ottoman Empire and
704:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
586:
574:
356:
312:UNESCO World Heritage Site
165:UNESCO World Heritage Site
2809:
2752:
2656:
2600:
2544:
2537:Main Saudi Arabian cities
2343:
2331:
1349:
1279:
1209:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1161:Climate data for Diriyah
1075:The mosque of al-Sarikhah
572:
409:
234:
230:
220:
210:
198:
190:
182:
171:
162:
158:
151:
146:
107:
99:
89:
84:
55:
40:
26:
21:
2883:1440s in the Middle East
1984:– via NYTimes.com.
1887:Desert Treks from Riyadh
1885:Thompson, Ionis (1994).
900:A museum of social life.
853:, previously the CEO of
663:, settled in Ghusaybah (
2173:Rodolfo C. Estimo, Jr.
1919:Encyclopædia Britannica
1732:Hawarey, Mosab (2010).
1617:Encyclopædia Britannica
1496:Traditional wooden door
1051:Other notable buildings
1030:Mohammad ibn Abdulwahab
593:In Muhammad's time the
2453:Sudair Industrial City
1950:early history of Islam
1738:. Islamic Book Trust.
1586:Romanization of Arabic
1510:Imam Abdullah bin Saud
1121:
983:
971:Sa'ad bin Saʿūd Palace
966:
939:
915:
831:early history of Islam
822:
814:
806:
2275:24.73333°N 46.57556°E
1119:
1110:Al-Maarefa University
1097:Museum of Bygone Days
981:
965:Sa'ad ibn Saud Palace
964:
937:
913:
820:
812:
804:
575:Further information:
362:During Muhammad's era
131:24.73333°N 46.57556°E
914:Old ruins in Diriyah
829:associated with the
766:the defences on the
748:Diriyah capitulating
738:of 1811–1818 and an
730:drew the ire of the
669:) and Al-Mulaybeed (
494:1st Daumat al-Jandal
2928:Arabic architecture
2898:Geography of Riyadh
2271: /
1793:Ad-Diriyah Magazine
1791:, Opening Article,
1702:World Heritage Site
1544:Saudi Arabia portal
930:Main historic sites
897:A museum of horses.
855:Forbes Travel Guide
791:its own governorate
601:, July 627 CE/6AH.
597:took place here in
127: /
85:General information
2850:'Uruq Bani Ma'arid
2545:1,000,000 and more
2280:24.73333; 46.57556
2089:The New York Times
2062:2009-03-06 at the
1982:The New York Times
1801:2007-07-02 at the
1654:The New York Times
1145:hot desert climate
1122:
984:
967:
940:
916:
823:
815:
807:
740:invasion of Arabia
534:3rd Wadi al-Qurra'
289:Emirate of Diriyah
285:Saudi royal family
211:Reference no.
176:At-Turaif District
136:24.73333; 46.57556
49:At-Turaif District
2865:
2864:
2762:
2761:
2496:
2495:
1766:The Sealed Nectar
1431:
1430:
1038:Arabian Peninsula
1007:Mohammad bin Saud
951:First Saudi State
835:Muhammad's family
736:Ottoman-Saudi War
716:First Saudi State
686:Muhammad ibn Saud
584:
583:
301:Ar Riyad Province
238:
237:
2940:
2801:
2800:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2766:
2765:
2535:
2534:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2500:
2499:
2418:Hotat Bani Tamim
2323:
2313:
2306:
2299:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2264:
2253:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2209:
2203:
2200:
2194:
2187:
2181:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2161:
2146:
2140:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2080:
2074:
2057:Albenaa Magazine
2050:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2029:Arabian Business
2020:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2009:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1964:have been razed.
1954:Preservationists
1941:
1939:
1910:
1901:
1900:
1882:
1871:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1845:
1832:
1823:
1812:
1806:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1760:
1754:
1749:
1729:
1723:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1690:
1684:
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1672:
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1663:
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1644:
1638:
1633:
1622:
1621:
1613:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1589:
1582:
1552:Siege of Diriyah
1546:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1521:
1505:
1493:
1481:
1472:Al-Turaif Mosque
1469:
1457:
1445:
1426:Climate-data.org
1158:
1157:
920:Saudi government
843:Saudi government
697:
696:
680:
679:
674:
673:
668:
667:
651:
650:
641:
640:
634:Mani' Al-Muraydi
429:Dhu al-'Ushairah
404:
390:
383:
376:
367:
366:
250:
153:Official Website
142:
141:
139:
138:
137:
132:
128:
125:
124:
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71:
70:
64:
47:Salwa Palace of
45:
31:
19:
18:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2923:History of Najd
2868:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2826:Historic Jeddah
2805:
2795:
2793:
2763:
2758:
2748:
2652:
2601:300,000-999,999
2596:
2540:
2529:
2527:
2497:
2492:
2483:Wadi ad-Dawasir
2339:
2327:
2317:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2251:
2241:
2236:
2226:
2224:
2213:"Diriyah Arena"
2211:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2188:
2184:
2172:
2168:
2159:
2157:
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2100:
2096:
2081:
2077:
2064:Wayback Machine
2051:
2042:
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2007:
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1993:
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1970:
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1911:
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1803:Wayback Machine
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1659:
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1645:
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1634:
1625:
1611:"Dereyeh"
1605:
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1234:
1229:
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1219:
1214:
1141:
1106:
1090:
1053:
932:
874:open-air museum
851:Jerry Inzerillo
799:
618:
591:
585:
580:
579:
568:
405:
396:
394:
364:
359:
332:
308:Turaif district
225:the Arab States
167:
135:
133:
129:
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118:
116:
114:
113:
94:Riyadh Province
80:
79:
78:
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72:
51:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2946:
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2918:Ottoman Arabia
2915:
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2744:Yanbu' al Bahr
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2623:Hafar al-Batin
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2413:H̨awţah Sudayr
2410:
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2375:
2370:
2365:
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2355:
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2308:
2301:
2293:
2255:
2254:
2240:
2239:External links
2237:
2235:
2234:
2223:on 30 May 2023
2217:arenagroup.com
2204:
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2015:
1987:
1968:
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763:Ottoman Empire
732:Ottoman Empire
684:At that time,
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587:Main article:
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484:Badr al-Maw'id
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474:Hamra' al-Asad
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2856:Qaryat al-Faw
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2838:Al-Ahsa Oasis
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2539:by population
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2325:Riyadh Region
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2913:Razed cities
2819:
2708:
2679:Al Qunfudhah
2392:
2333:
2256:
2225:. Retrieved
2221:the original
2216:
2207:
2198:
2185:
2174:
2169:
2158:. Retrieved
2156:. 2019-06-21
2153:
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2129:
2125:
2113:. Retrieved
2107:
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2052:
2032:. Retrieved
2028:
2018:
2006:. Retrieved
2000:
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1971:
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1936:. Retrieved
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1658:. Retrieved
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1460:Salwa Palace
1354:mm (inches)
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1057:Qasr al-'Ujā
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947:Salwa Palace
946:
941:
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861:of Riyadh."
824:
779:Robert Lacey
774:
772:
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699:
683:
658:
639:مانع المريدي
619:
603:
592:
504:Banu Qurayza
348:
333:
305:
277:Saudi Arabia
264:
260:
252:
240:
239:
103:Saudi Arabia
90:Town or city
2756:cdsi.gov.sa
2674:Al Majma'ah
2657:<300,000
2458:As Sulayyil
2438:Al Majma'ah
2278: /
2252:(in Arabic)
2249:Archive.org
1842:The Kingdom
1508:Costume of
775:The Kingdom
626:Al-Hamadani
610:Banu Hanifa
519:Hudaybiyyah
514:Banu Lahyan
509:al-Muraysi'
336:Wadi Hanifa
273:governorate
253:ad-Dir‘īyah
249:الدِرْعِيّة
202:2010 (34th
134: /
109:Coordinates
2872:Categories
2734:Ras Tanura
2488:Wadi Faran
2266:46°34′32″E
2263:24°44′00″N
2160:2019-07-01
2034:2019-07-12
1573:References
1484:Arda House
1126:Mosim Park
1026:Al-Bujairi
839:companions
708:Al-Uyaynah
606:Banu Kilab
479:Banu Nadir
344:mud bricks
199:Designated
122:46°34′32″E
119:24°44′00″N
2403:Al-H̨arīq
2398:Al-H̨āyir
2378:Almardmah
2227:18 August
2178:Arab News
2154:Arab News
2109:Arab News
2072:1319-206X
2002:Arab News
1946:Wahhābism
1924:Edinburgh
1660:March 13,
1020:hypostyle
1015:Asr Salat
690:Al Miqrin
616:Post 1400
459:Dhu 'Amar
398:Campaigns
324:Formula E
257:romanized
194:iv, v, vi
2754:Source:
2664:Al Bahah
2613:Buraidah
2608:Al-Kharj
2473:Ushaiger
2468:Tharmada
2428:Al-Kharj
2358:Al Zulfi
2334:Capital:
2060:Archived
1944:Because
1932:Archived
1838:(1982).
1799:Archived
1530:See also
1424:Source:
1350:Average
1255:(103.5)
1250:(107.4)
1245:(108.3)
1240:(106.5)
1235:(100.9)
837:and his
744:Egyptian
672:المليبيد
644:Al-Qatif
599:Muharram
402:Muhammad
330:Location
191:Criteria
186:Cultural
34:Wordmark
2933:Diriyah
2739:Unaizah
2719:Sakakah
2709:Diriyah
2704:Dhahran
2669:Al Lith
2478:'Uyayna
2423:Jalajil
2393:Diriyah
2383:Dawadmi
2363:Al-Ghat
2115:21 July
2008:21 July
1720:archive
1435:Gallery
1345:(63.8)
1340:(48.2)
1335:(56.3)
1330:(64.8)
1325:(73.8)
1320:(72.9)
1315:(79.9)
1310:(77.5)
1305:(73.9)
1300:(64.8)
1295:(57.0)
1290:(46.2)
1285:(49.8)
1275:(90.4)
1270:(70.9)
1265:(80.4)
1260:(93.6)
1230:(89.8)
1225:(82.0)
1220:(73.2)
1215:(67.8)
1139:Climate
1088:Museums
1044:Ghasiba
841:), the
787:Bedouin
783:Pompeii
712:Wahhabi
666:الغصيبة
649:ابن درع
529:Khaybar
357:History
297:Jubayla
267:, is a
265:Dariyya
261:Dereyeh
241:Diriyah
204:session
147:Website
100:Country
22:Diriyah
2858:(2024)
2852:(2023)
2846:(2021)
2840:(2018)
2834:(2015)
2828:(2014)
2822:(2010)
2816:(2008)
2729:Khafji
2689:Abqaiq
2638:Najran
2633:Khobar
2628:Jubail
2587:Riyadh
2582:Medina
2567:Jeddah
2557:Dammam
2463:Thadig
2448:Shaqra
2443:Riyadh
2408:Harmah
2388:Dhurma
2353:Al Bir
2337:Riyadh
2136:
2070:
1962:Medina
1938:1 July
1893:
1854:
1818:
1773:
1742:
1419:(4.7)
1414:(0.5)
1409:(0.3)
1404:(0.1)
1379:(0.4)
1374:(1.2)
1369:(1.2)
1364:(0.3)
1359:(0.7)
1166:Month
1068:khālwa
1003:mosque
768:Turaif
756:Riyadh
728:Medina
661:Mrudah
654:Riyadh
549:Hunayn
539:Mu'tah
499:Trench
464:Bahran
419:Safwan
414:Al-‘Īṣ
340:valley
293:Uyayna
281:Riyadh
245:Arabic
221:Region
2724:Jizan
2699:Bisha
2694:Bareq
2648:Tabuk
2643:Qatif
2618:Ha'il
2592:Ta'if
2577:Mecca
2562:Hofuf
2433:Layla
1958:Mecca
1848:60–63
1205:Year
1034:Islam
724:Mecca
678:طُريف
622:Yaqut
564:Ta'if
559:Autas
554:Tabuk
544:Mecca
524:Fidak
449:Sawiq
434:Abwa'
424:Buwat
2714:Duba
2684:Arar
2552:Abha
2348:Afif
2229:2022
2134:ISBN
2117:2017
2068:ISSN
2010:2017
1960:and
1940:2020
1891:ISBN
1852:ISBN
1816:ISBN
1771:ISBN
1752:here
1740:ISBN
1662:2024
1399:(0)
1394:(0)
1389:(0)
1384:(0)
1343:17.6
1333:13.5
1328:18.2
1323:23.2
1318:22.7
1313:26.6
1308:25.3
1303:23.3
1298:18.2
1293:13.9
1273:32.4
1268:21.6
1263:26.9
1258:34.2
1253:39.7
1248:41.9
1243:42.4
1238:41.4
1233:38.3
1228:32.1
1223:27.8
1218:22.9
1213:19.9
1202:Dec
1199:Nov
1196:Oct
1193:Sep
1190:Aug
1187:Jul
1184:Jun
1181:May
1178:Apr
1175:Mar
1172:Feb
1169:Jan
1001:, a
993:wadi
918:The
761:The
726:and
720:Iraq
700:emir
695:مقرن
630:Nejd
624:and
469:Uhud
444:Kudr
439:Badr
351:palm
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263:and
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