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envisaged by Jones. Nevertheless, the
International Phonetic Association still uses a version of Jones's model, and includes a Jones-type vowel diagram on its influential International Phonetic Alphabet leaflet contained in the "Handbook of the International Association". Many phoneticians (especially those trained in the British school) resort to it constantly as a quick and convenient form of reference.
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had also suggested vowel symbols for his phonetic alphabets. Sweet did much work on the systematic description of vowels, producing an elaborate system of vowel description involving a multitude of symbols. Jones however was the one who is generally credited with having gone much of the way towards a
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Later modifications to his theory allowed for an additional set of eight "secondary
Cardinal Vowels" with reverse lip shapes, permitting the representation of eight secondary cardinal vowels (front rounded and back unrounded). Eventually, Jones also devised symbols for central vowels and positioned
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which could be used to help visualize how vowels are articulated. Tongue height (close vs. open) is represented on the vertical axis and front vs. back on the horizontal axis indicates the portion of the tongue raised on the horizontal axis. Lip-rounding is also built into the system, so that front
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With the passing years, the accuracy of many of Jones's statements on vowels has come increasingly under question, and most linguists now consider that the vowel quadrilateral must be viewed as a way of representing auditory space in visual form, rather than the tightly defined articulatory scheme
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and was afterwards appointed to a full-time position. In 1912, he became the head of the
Department of Phonetics and was appointed to a chair in 1921, a post he held until his retirement in 1949. From 1906 onwards, Jones was an active member of the International Phonetic Association, and was
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practical solution through his scheme of 'cardinal vowels', a relatively simple system of reference vowels which for many years has been taught systematically to students within the
British tradition. Much of the inspiration for this scheme can be found in the earlier publications of Passy.
400:, and many more. For several decades, his department at University College was pivotal in the development of phonetics and in making its findings known to the wider world. Beverley Collins and Inger M. Mees (1998) speculate that it is Jones, not as is often thought Sweet, who provided
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vowels (such as ) have spread or neutral lip postures, but the back vowels (such as ) have more marked lip-rounding as vowel height increases. Jones thus arrived at a set of eight "primary
Cardinal Vowels", and recorded these on gramophone disc for HMV in 1917.
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Although Jones is especially remembered for his work on the phonetics and phonology of
English, he ranged far more widely. He produced phonetic/phonological treatments which were masterly for their time on the sound systems of Cantonese,
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In the original form of the cardinal vowels, Jones employed a dual-parameter system of description based on the supposed height of the tongue arch together with the shape of the lips. This he reduced to a simple
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353:(Sechuana as it was then known), Sinhalese, and Russian. He was the first phonetician to produce, in his "Sechuana Reader", a competent description of an African tone language, including the concept of
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The problem of the phonetic description of vowels is of long standing, going back to the era of the ancient Indian linguists. Three nineteenth-century
British phoneticians worked on this topic.
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Apart from his own vast array of published work, Jones acted as mentor to numerous scholars who later went on to become famous linguists in their own right. These included such names as
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Bell, A. Melville (1967), "Visible Speech", London: Simpkin
Marshall; rpt in facsimile in B. Collins and I. Mees (2006), "Phonetics of English in the 19th Century", London: Routledge.
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Jones, D. (1917a), "An
English Pronouncing Dictionary", London: Dent, rpt in facsimile in Jones (2002). 17th edn, P. Roach, J. Hartman and J. Setter (eds), Cambridge: CUP, 2006.
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for
African languages, and suggested systems of romanisation for Indian languages and Japanese. He also busied himself with support for revised spelling for English through the
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Jones, D. (1917b), The phonetic structure of the Sechuana language, Transactions of the Philological Society 1917–20, pp. 99–106; rpt in Jones (2002).
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Michaelis, H. and D. Jones (1913), "A Phonetic Dictionary of the English Language", Hanover-Berlin: Carl Meyer and Gustav Prior; rpt in Jones (2002).
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Language". Jones had made an earlier notable attempt at a pronunciation dictionary but it was now that he produced the first edition of his famous
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Jones, D. and H. S. Perera (1919), "A Colloquial Sinhalese Reader", Manchester: Manchester University Press; rpt in Jones (2002).
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Jones, D. and Kwing Tong Woo (1912), "A Cantonese Phonetic Reader", London: University of London Press; rpt in Jones (2002).
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The year 1917 was a landmark for Jones in many ways. He became the first linguist in the western world to use the term
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Jones, D. and M. Trofimov (1923), "The Pronunciation of Russian", Cambridge: CUP; rpt in facsimile in Jones (2002).
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After retirement, Jones worked at his publications almost up to the end of his long life. He died at his home in
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Jones, D. (2002), Daniel Jones: Selected Works, Vols. 1–8, ed. B. Collins and I.M. Mees, London: Routledge.
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assistant secretary from 1907 to 1927, secretary from 1927 to 1949, and president from 1950 to 1967.
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Jones, D. (1909), "The Pronunciation of English", Cambridge: CUP; rpt in facsimile in Jones (2002).
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these on the vowel diagram. He made two further disc recordings for Linguaphone in 1943 and 1956.
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Jones, D. (1918), "An Outline of English Phonetics", Leipzig: Teubner; rpt in Jones (2002).
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Jones, D. and S. Plaatje (1916), "A Sechuana Reader", London: ULP; rpt in Jones (2002).
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in its current sense, employing the word in his article "The phonetic structure of the
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IPA (1999), "Handbook of the International Phonetic Association", Cambridge: CUP.
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with the basis for his fictional character Professor Henry Higgins in
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The Real Professor Higgins: The Life and Career of Daniel Jones
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599:", J. Windsor Lewis (includes a recording of Jones speaking)
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Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary, 18th edition
200:(12 September 1881 – 4 December 1967) was a British
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Members of the German Academy of Sciences at Berlin
224:In 1900, Jones studied briefly at William Tilly's
212:). He was head of the department of phonetics at
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327:vowel trapezium, an application of Jones's work
311:which included an elaborate system for vowels.
259:In 1907, he became a part-time lecturer at the
648:English-language spelling reform advocates
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240:in 1907. From 1905 to 1906, he studied in
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623:Academic staff of the University of Paris
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
590:Anniversary of the Death of Daniel Jones
501:Encyclopedia of language and linguistics
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32:This article includes a list of general
643:Academics of University College London
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543:Jones, Daniel and Dahl, Ivar (1944).
248:, who was one of the founders of the
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663:Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
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668:People educated at Ludgrove School
250:International Phonetic Association
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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628:Linguists from the United Kingdom
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549:Fundamentos de escritura fonética
300:diagram made a first appearance.
509:Collins, B. and I. Mees (1998),
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576:An Outline of English Phonetics
273:An Outline of English Phonetics
267:In 1909, Jones wrote the short
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293:English Pronouncing Dictionary
190:English Pronouncing Dictionary
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597:Daniel Jones b 12th Sept 1881
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486:Collins and Mees 1998: 97–103
513:, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
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363:Simplified Spelling Society
357:. Jones helped develop new
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673:University of Paris alumni
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567:Ling Links, People, I-M,
503:, Oxford: Pergamon Press.
446:Michaelis and Jones, 1913
261:University College London
214:University College London
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269:Pronunciation of English
583:The Daniel Jones Legacy
569:Section on Daniel Jones
305:Alexander Melville Bell
234:University of Cambridge
155:University of Cambridge
53:more precise citations.
658:20th-century linguists
468:, Product Information.
380:, Hélène Coustenoble,
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277:Received Pronunciation
228:Language Institute in
545:Castellano bonaerense
499:Asher, R. E. (1994),
334:quadrilateral diagram
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421:on 4 December 1967.
313:Alexander John Ellis
99:Daniel Jones, age 40
592:", J. Windsor Lewis
585:", J. Windsor Lewis
402:George Bernard Shaw
309:a phonetic alphabet
236:, and by right his
210:University of Paris
638:Cantonese language
574:Parts of his book
382:Arthur Lloyd James
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204:who studied under
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184:Notable work
129:(1967-12-04)
87:Daniel Jones
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618:1967 deaths
613:1881 births
455:Jones 1917a
378:Ida C. Ward
254:Henry Sweet
202:phonetician
165:Phonetician
143:Nationality
51:introducing
607:Categories
494:References
386:Dennis Fry
246:Paul Passy
206:Paul Passy
161:Occupation
111:1881-09-12
34:references
407:Pygmalion
359:alphabets
220:Biography
151:Education
59:June 2021
355:downstep
288:Sechuana
284:phoneme
230:Germany
226:Marburg
178:diagram
146:British
47:improve
351:Tswana
244:under
36:, but
547:, en
477:p. ii
425:Notes
242:Paris
188:The
174:The
124:Died
105:Born
417:in
325:IPA
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