45:
1185:
501:
211:
469:. When amateurs travel to remote locations such as these they must first obtain permission to operate from that location from whatever political jurisdiction rules the area they wish to travel to. Even in countries such as the United States, this permission can be difficult and costly to obtain. For example, a recent DXpedition to Jarvis Island in August 2024 required a permit from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for access to and use of
22:
560:
Holiday operations from locations where there are few resident operators are often more leisurely affairs. Nonetheless, the operator will seek to make as many contacts as possible in the operating time available, with the result that contacts are often extremely brief, limited just to an exchange of
520:
on as many bands as practical, to achieve a loud signal worldwide and keep control of the inevitable pileups that occur. Operators may also receive and transmit on different frequencies, called split operation, to be heard by distant stations without interference to their signal from the pile-up.
278:
Early DX-peditions were simply exploratory and geographical expeditions in the late 1920s and 1930s, in which one or more radio amateurs participated to provide long-distance communications. At the same time they communicated with fellow radio amateurs who wanted to contact a new country. Most
433:
Other jurisdictions take a more stringent view of individual access to communications equipment, and are rare because very few amateurs are licensed in those countries and visitors find it difficult or impossible to gain operating permits or import amateur radio equipment. Examples include
429:
and
Pacific island nations, as well as European micro-states, have very small populations, but have hotels, reliable power, and supplies, and are easy to gain operating permission in. Therefore, these states are regularly activated by amateurs, often in combination with a family holiday.
544:
power supply and antenna systems which are more easily transported are favored over larger and more difficult to transport equipment. However, generators are usually used because of the power requirements for amplifiers and the ease of refueling versus recharging a battery.
352:. The base level of this award involves contacting and confirming 100 distinct geographical entities defined by the ARRL – usually politically distinct countries, and sometimes well-separated administrative or geographical regions within them, such as outlying islands.
548:
When the individual or group arrives at the DX-pedition destination, they must set up their station and get on the air. DX-peditions are usually group affairs since the desire is to make as many contacts as possible from the location. Round-the-clock operations on multiple
343:
DX-peditions are planned and organized to help operators who need to contact that area to obtain an amateur radio award. There are several awards sponsored by various organizations based on contacting many different countries. Perhaps the most famous of these is the
573:
that happen throughout the year. This is often done so that the DX-pedition station can gain an advantage in contests and maximize the number of contacts that they make during the DX-pedition, since the radio bands are the most active during contests.
261:
operators and DX listeners, typically because of its remoteness, access restrictions, or simply because there are very few radio amateurs active from that place. This could be an island, a country, or even a particular spot on a geographical grid.
355:
There are currently 340 separate entities recognized for award purposes. An "entity" for such purposes is any location that is either politically separate or physically remote (or both) from other jurisdictions / locations. For example:
515:
In an extremely rare location for a popular awards program like DXCC, hundreds of stations may be calling the DX-pedition at any one time (known as a 'pile-up'). Therefore, DX-peditioners will aim to use high power and gain
1455:
405:
While the ARRL criteria for new entities were rationalized in 1999, those entities introduced before that date under relatively lax rules remain on the list, so long as they satisfy the original criteria.
425:
Many DX-peditions take place from locations with adequate access to power and supplies, often where the country has a small resident amateur population or where licensing is not very difficult. Many
628:
had 195,625 contacts. While not an absolute record, it was the largest total ever achieved by a DX-pedition where the members lived in tents and powered their radios by portable generators.
553:
bands simultaneously are typical, which necessitates a group activity. The use of the
Internet to upload logs (allowing quick confirmation of questionable contacts) and for
293:
The participation of radio amateurs in geographical expeditions was resumed after World War II, e.g. the participation of Bill Snyder, W0LHS, and Bob Leo, W6PBV, in the
409:
Other DX-peditions focus on operation from islands with little or no local radio amateur activity, for the
Islands on the Air (IOTA) award which is sponsored by the
317:
1460:
286:, which traveled the South Pacific in 1924. While the ship's wealthy owners enjoyed the islands, an amateur radio operator kept contact with, and sent
780:
741:
613:
This in turn had broken the previous record of 168,000 contacts set in 2001 by D68C (also by the FSDXA) from the Galawa Beach Hotel on the
1126:
476:
Once operating permission is assured, then transportation must be arranged. This can be both expensive and dangerous. Some locations are coral
44:
360:
Even though Alaska and Hawaii are political units of the United States, they are separate DX entities (physically separate regions).
240:
1154:
677:
470:
98:
512:
In addition to licensing and survival issues, DX-pedition participants devote much attention to the radio equipment they use.
1265:
1224:
375:
301:
expedition in Africa of 1948. The most unusual expedition to place reliance on amateur radio for communications was that of
1079:
521:
This can also help the operation to make a substantial number of contacts with parts of the planet that have unfavourable
1270:
103:
1520:
1119:
153:
1429:
1260:
807:
390:
63:
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from the area visited, lying perhaps in the region on the Earth's surface which is diametrically opposite to it—its
1420:
1328:
1149:
83:
1495:
1490:
1415:
410:
173:
128:
1280:
1275:
1209:
1112:
143:
133:
1380:
684:
454:
58:
988:
882:
839:
799:
349:
313:
233:
1323:
958:
1199:
1036:
68:
1510:
607:
168:
1567:
1546:
1505:
1204:
1174:
226:
214:
123:
73:
1485:
1244:
1169:
774:
735:
198:
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183:
118:
113:
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notable are the
Antarctic expeditions of Admiral Byrd. Another example is the voyage of the
1465:
1359:
1333:
1318:
1308:
492:. The amateur must also take care of the basic necessities such as food, water, and power.
8:
695:
329:
1440:
1354:
1285:
414:
193:
1184:
860:
803:
762:
723:
673:
522:
485:
458:
595:) DXpedition, run by the Five Star DXers Association, claimed 213,169 contacts.
1338:
603:
588:
540:
For smaller operations to remote locations, smaller radios which run off of a 12 V
481:
449:
Some locations are also rare due to their extreme inaccessibility—examples include
88:
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378:, and the United Nations. These are within their host countries but have distinct
1536:
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Small independent countries, even ones embedded within larger ones, such as the
656:
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Finally, a few areas of historic or special status have been included, such as
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36:
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321:
853:"Past ARRL President Robert W. Denniston, W0DX, VP2VI, SK (Orbituary)".
320:, W0DX. Mr. Denniston's 1948 DX-pedition, using call sign VP7NG, was to
1239:
1159:
683:
2012 – ZL9HR – Hellenic
Amateur Radio Association of Australia 2012 to
584:
570:
394:
379:
138:
78:
26:
822:
413:. A small number of DX-peditions focus on activating specific, remote
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534:
426:
1400:
1313:
1229:
592:
554:
386:
364:
302:
287:
280:
163:
1068:
21:
1219:
1043:. Hellenic Amateur Radio Association of Australia. Archived from
878:
859:. Newington, CT: The American Radio Relay League: 63. July 2002.
614:
312:
The activity of dedicated DX-peditions was pioneered by one-time
178:
108:
1104:
716:
Ward Silver, N0AX (October 2012). "Five-Nine-Nine, I presume?".
1541:
1435:
1395:
1390:
1234:
374:
Other entities include transnational organizations such as the
368:
996:
904:
1385:
1164:
922:
477:
443:
267:
557:(formal confirmation) has made the process somewhat easier.
266:
is a telegraphic shorthand for "distance" or "distant" (see
1074:
966:
257:
is an expedition to what is considered an exotic place by
1405:
855:
761:. Newington, CT: The American Radio Relay League: 63–65.
757:
755:
Michael
Marinaro, WN1M (June 2014). "Polar Exploration".
722:. Newington, CT: The American Radio Relay League: 68–70.
718:
659:, the #1 most-wanted DXCC entity on ClubLog and the
25:
A group of amateur radio operators during DX-pedition to
1044:
1018:
1084:
754:
940:
1089:
959:"K1N – KP1-5 Navassa Island project 2015 expedition"
598:
This broke the
February 2008 record set by the
796:200 meters & Down — The Story of Amateur Radio
577:
417:squares for the benefit of VHF and UHF operators.
793:
715:
1559:
480:that are almost submerged at high tide, such as
1080:Ducie Island Feb 2008 Dxpedition breaks records
1071:, maintained by the German DX Foundation (GDXF)
632:
569:Many DX-peditions are organized around various
504:A DXer operates during a holiday DXpedition to
1120:
234:
989:"FT5ZM – Amsterdam Island 2014 DX-pedition"
779:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
740:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
488:islands with inhospitable climates such as
1127:
1113:
1075:NØHR.com Upcoming Ham Radio DXpedition Map
1019:"TX5K – Clipperton Island 2013 expedition"
672:2013 – TX5K – Cordell Expeditions 2013 to
642:. Combination radio / science expedition.
495:
338:
241:
227:
1037:"ZL9HR – Campbell Island 2012 expedition"
655:2015 – K1N – KP1-5 project Expedition to
606:) DXpedition, which claimed 183,686
48:The International Symbol of Amateur Radio
834:"Kon-Tiki Communications – Well Done!".
499:
290:to, experimenters in the United States.
20:
676:, more than 113,000 QSOs, 47
1560:
941:"VKØEK – Heard Island 2016 expedition"
923:"VKØEK – Heard Island 2016 expedition"
711:
709:
638:2016 – VKØEK – Cordell Expeditions to
471:Jarvis Island National Wildlife Refuge
1266:International Telecommunication Union
1108:
376:International Telecommunication Union
706:
13:
309:in 1947 and using call sign LI2B.
43:
14:
1579:
1261:International Amateur Radio Union
1134:
1062:
391:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
64:Automatic Packet Reporting System
1183:
473:, which cost the team $ 27,000.
210:
209:
1029:
1011:
981:
951:
933:
583:In October 2011, the T32C
578:DX-peditions with most contacts
324:and was called "Gon-Waki" à la
1276:ITU prefixes for amateur radio
1095:Club Log DXCC Most Wanted list
915:
897:
871:
846:
827:
816:
787:
748:
666:2014 – FT5ZM – DX-pedition to
624:The January 2012 trip to
411:Radio Society of Great Britain
348:(DXCC) award sponsored by the
129:Internet Radio Linking Project
1:
842:: 69, 143–148. December 1947.
700:
685:Campbell Island, New Zealand
633:List of notable DX-peditions
420:
59:Automatic Link Establishment
7:
1069:Mega DXpeditions Honor Roll
883:American Radio Relay League
840:American Radio Relay League
800:American Radio Relay League
690:
564:
10:
1584:
905:"Malpelo 2012 DX-pedition"
794:Clinton B. DeSoto (1936).
273:
16:Amateur radio "expedition"
1529:
1478:
1368:
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1142:
1100:Club Log expeditions list
610:under the callsign VP6DX.
1155:Emergency communications
823:Schooner Kaimiloa “KFUH”
651:. January–February 2017.
529:. Examples would be the
99:Emergency communications
1225:International operation
798:. W. Hartford, CT: The
496:Equipment and operation
339:DX-peditions and awards
1547:Amateur radio in India
1491:Amateur radio software
1295:Modes of communication
1205:Amateur radio operator
1025:. Cordell expeditions.
947:. Cordell expeditions.
929:. Cordell expeditions.
509:
184:Special event stations
74:Amateur radio operator
49:
30:
1486:Amateur radio station
1271:Frequency allocations
1245:Vintage amateur radio
1170:High-speed telegraphy
503:
119:High-speed telegraphy
114:High speed multimedia
104:Frequency allocations
47:
24:
802:. pp. 147–159.
533:from Europe, or the
969:on 10 February 2015
909:hk0na.wordpress.com
696:List of DXpeditions
335:the previous year.
318:Robert W. Denniston
999:on 7 February 2019
510:
415:Maidenhead locator
154:Portable operation
50:
31:
1555:
1554:
1474:
1473:
881:. Newington, CT:
674:Clipperton Island
647:"special issue".
459:Clipperton Island
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84:Direction finding
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965:. Archived from
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668:Amsterdam Island
661:DX Magazine
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649:DX Magazine
589:Christmas Island
561:signal reports.
482:Scarborough Reef
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144:Operating awards
89:DX communication
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1451:Spread spectrum
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1281:Maritime mobile
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1047:on 14 June 2012
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531:Central Pacific
527:antipodal point
498:
467:Desecheo Island
455:Campbell Island
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346:DX Century Club
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134:Maritime mobile
29:in October 2003
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604:Pitcairn group
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463:Navassa Island
451:Peter I Island
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1521:Transceivers
1479:Technologies
1426:Packet radio
1369:Data/Digital
1214:
1049:. Retrieved
1045:the original
1040:
1031:
1022:
1013:
1001:. Retrieved
997:the original
992:
983:
971:. Retrieved
967:the original
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944:
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899:
889:16 September
887:. Retrieved
879:"DXCC Rules"
873:
854:
848:
835:
829:
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795:
789:
775:cite journal
756:
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640:Heard Island
600:Ducie Island
568:
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537:from Japan.
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380:ITU prefixes
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149:Packet radio
93:
18:
1215:DX-pedition
1175:Homebrewing
973:10 February
885:. July 2011
523:propagation
440:Mount Athos
436:North Korea
322:the Bahamas
255:DX-pedition
94:DX-pedition
1348:Television
1254:Governance
1240:Radiosport
1160:Contesting
1143:Activities
1051:5 December
701:References
617:island of
591:, eastern
585:Kiritimati
395:Antarctica
333:expedition
316:president
194:Television
169:Satellites
139:Morse code
79:Contesting
69:Call signs
27:The Gambia
1511:Satellite
1286:Licensing
1041:ZL9HR.com
945:VK0EK.org
865:0033-4812
767:0033-4812
728:0033-4812
680:contacts.
602:(eastern
535:Caribbean
486:sub-polar
427:Caribbean
421:Locations
288:QSL cards
1562:Category
1401:EchoLink
1230:QSL card
1085:DX-World
1023:TX5K.org
1003:2 August
691:See also
593:Kiribati
565:Contests
518:antennas
387:Sardinia
371:, count.
331:Kon-Tiki
303:Kon-Tiki
284:Kaimiloa
281:schooner
215:Category
189:Stations
174:Software
164:QSL card
124:Homebrew
1530:Related
1461:WIRES-X
1220:Hamfest
1200:History
1193:Culture
1090:DX News
663:survey.
615:Comoros
508:, Oman.
365:Vatican
274:History
179:Skywarn
109:Hamfest
1542:Q code
1436:PACTOR
1396:DAPNET
1391:D-STAR
1314:DSB-SC
1235:Q code
1210:Awards
863:
838:. The
806:
765:
726:
506:Muscat
478:atolls
397:, and
389:, the
369:Monaco
1386:AMTOR
1302:Voice
465:, or
444:Yemen
295:Gatti
268:DXing
1496:IRLP
1456:C4FM
1446:RTTY
1430:APRS
1421:MFSK
1360:SSTV
1150:ARDF
1053:2013
1005:2020
975:2015
891:2012
861:ISSN
804:ISBN
781:link
763:ISSN
742:link
724:ISSN
608:QSOs
555:QSLs
442:and
367:and
350:ARRL
314:ARRL
1506:SDR
1501:QRP
1466:DMR
1441:PSK
1416:DMT
1406:FT8
1381:ALE
1355:ATV
1329:AME
1324:SSB
1319:ISB
856:QST
836:QST
758:QST
719:QST
678:EME
644:See
328:'s
270:).
1564::
1376:CW
1339:PM
1334:FM
1309:AM
1039:.
1021:.
991:.
961:.
943:.
925:.
907:.
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773:{{
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551:HF
542:DC
461:,
457:,
453:,
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