2227:â. . . at Waimea, the Mexican Hispano-Indian found his home and occupation. He was called by the Hawaiian, specifically, Huanu, Hoke, Hoakina, etc., these names of course meaning Juan, Jose, Joachin, etc. He had with him sometimes full-blooded Indians of Mexican origin, whom I saw in my boyhood. He was called generically "Paniolo" or "Espagnol," the word that now-a-days means "cow-boy." He brought with him the Mexican saddle in all its rich adornment of stamped bull-hide leather, and stirrups broad-winged. He brought the jingling spur with bells of hand-wrought steel. He brought the hair-rope in strands of alternate black and white, and the hand- whirled wheel for twisting it; also the hand-wrought bit, not so crude as it looked to be, and a necessity in bullock-hunting. All this away back in the thirties, long before the birth of the modern cow-boy. Last but not least, the lasso or lariat, braided evenly and lovingly from four strands of well-chosen hide, then well-stretched and oiled, coiled in the same left hand, that with the little and third ringer held the finely braided bridle rein; (Mexican too this was, and Mexican the causing of the rein to bear on the horse's neck, instead of to pull on the mouth.) A more forminable weapon this lasso than revolver or Winchester; and no artist has yet mastered the problem of depicting the throwing of the lasso, not even the inimitable Frederick Remington. Mexican saddles, bits and bridles, spurs and pack-saddles were long a specialty of Waimea manufacture. The tan-pit, the black- smith's shop, the saddler's shop, and shoemaker's too, all flour- ished as home industriesânow, alas, no longer. The wire fence is limiting the size of the "drive in," the hoohuli bipi,â"round-up," the Americans call it. The merchant ship brings the cheap spur and inferior saddle for the degenerate paniolo of 1892; and so onâin short, the times are changed.
1783:, and most early settlers were miners rather than livestock ranchers, leaving livestock-raising largely to the Spanish and Mexican people who chose to remain in California. The California vaquero or buckaroo, unlike the Texas cowboy, was considered a highly skilled worker, who usually stayed on the same ranch where he was born or had grown up and raised his own family there. In addition, the geography and climate of much of California was dramatically different from that of Texas, allowing more intensive grazing with less open range, plus cattle in California were marketed primarily at a regional level, without the need (nor, until much later, even the logistical possibility) to be driven hundreds of miles to railroad lines. Thus, a horse- and livestock-handling culture remained in California and the Pacific Northwest that retained a stronger direct Spanish influence than that of Texas. The modern distinction between
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an image of the cowboys as men who worked hard, played hard, lived by a code of honor, protected themselves, and asked nothing of the government. In the hands of
Democratic newspaper editors, the realities of cowboy life -- the poverty, the danger, the debilitating hours -- became romantic. Cowboys embodied virtues Democrats believed Republicans were destroying by creating a behemoth government catering to lazy ex-slaves. By the 1860s, cattle drives were a feature of the plains landscape, and Democrats had made cowboys a symbol of rugged individual independence, something they insisted Republicans were destroying.
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2109:, and other Indian people moved into the depopulated areas of Florida and started herding the cattle left from the Spanish ranches. In the 19th century, most tribes in the area were dispossessed of their land and cattle and pushed south or west by white settlers and the United States government. By the middle of the 19th century white ranchers were running large herds of cattle on the extensive open range of central and southern Florida. The hides and meat from Florida cattle became such a critical supply item for the
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2370:âIt was with an anxious yet sanguine mind that, during the last days of April, 1864, I left parents and mission party behind and started eastward for Fort Garry. I had with me a French half-breed, Baptiste by name, and we were to be joined by the men and horses from Mr. Steinhauer's mission some fifty or sixty miles farther east. We had a pack-horse to carry our food and bedding, and were in the saddle ourselvesâthat is, we had two Indian pads, as the Mexican saddle had not yet made its appearance so far north.â
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1985:. The new settlers required more horses, to be trained faster, and brought a bigger and heavier horse with them. This led to modifications in the bridling and bitting traditions used by the vaquero. Thus, the Texas cowboy tradition arose from a combination of cultural influences, in addition to the need for adaptation to the geography and climate of west Texas and the need to conduct long
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the wives and daughters of men who owned small ranches and could not afford to hire large numbers of outside laborers, worked side-by-side with men and thus needed to ride horses and perform related tasks. The largely undocumented contributions of women to the West were acknowledged in law; the
Western states led the United States in granting women the right to vote, beginning with
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2616:, and the number of livestock. On a smaller ranch with fewer cowboysâoften just family members, cowboys are generalists who perform many all-around tasks; they repair fences, maintain ranch equipment, and perform other odd jobs. On a very large ranch (a "big outfit"), with many employees, cowboys are able to specialize on tasks solely related to cattle and horses. Cowboys who
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Kansas, afraid that
Longhorns would transmit cattle fever to local animals as well as trample crops, formed groups that threatened to beat or shoot cattlemen found on their lands. Therefore, the 1866 drive failed to reach the railroad, and the cattle herds were sold for low prices. In 1867, a cattle shipping facility was built west of farm country around the railhead at
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distances each day, being allowed periods to rest and graze both at midday and at night. On average, a herd could maintain a healthy weight moving about 15 miles (25 km) per day. Such a pace meant that it would take as long as two months to travel from a home ranch to a railhead. The
Chisholm trail, for example, was 1,000 miles (1,600 km) long.
139:. Over the centuries, differences in terrain and climate, and the influence of cattle-handling traditions from multiple cultures, created several distinct styles of equipment, clothing and animal handling. As the ever-practical cowboy adapted to the modern world, his equipment and techniques also adapted, though many classic traditions are preserved.
3356:. Similarly, the phrase "all hat and no cattle" is used to describe someone (usually male) who boasts about himself, far in excess of any actual accomplishments. The word "dude" (or the now-archaic term "greenhorn") indicates an individual unfamiliar with cowboy culture, especially one who is trying to pretend otherwise.
2787:, especially in the East, or simply, a "rope". This is a tightly twisted stiff rope, originally of rawhide or leather, now often of nylon, made with a small loop at one end called a "hondo". When the rope is run through the hondo, it creates a loop that slides easily, tightens quickly and can be thrown to catch animals.
1110:, or herd of spare horses. The wrangler on a cattle drive was often a very young cowboy or one of lower social status, but the cook was a particularly well-respected member of the crew, as not only was he in charge of the food, he also was in charge of medical supplies and had a working knowledge of practical medicine.
1388:. Relations between cowboys and Native Americans were varied but were generally unfriendly. Native people usually allowed cattle herds to pass through for a toll of ten cents a head but raided cattle drives and ranches in times of active white-Native conflict or food shortages. In the 1860s, for example, the
317:, which marked the dividing line between the British and American forces. These groups were made up of local farmhands who would ambush convoys and carry out raids on both sides. There were two separate groups: the "skinners" fought for the pro-independence side, while the "cowboys" supported the British.
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who also do stockwork are trainee overseers and property managers). The
Australian droving tradition was influenced by Americans in the 19th century, and as well as practices imported directly from Spain. The adaptation of both of these traditions to local needs created a unique Australian tradition,
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The timing of the cattle industry's growth meant that cowboy imagery grew to have extraordinary power. Entangled in the vicious politics of the postwar years, Democrats, especially those in the old
Confederacy, imagined the West as a land untouched by Republican politicians they hated. They developed
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wrote in an editorial, "Cowboys the most reckless class of outlaws in that wild country ... infinitely worse than the ordinary robber." It became an insult in the area to call someone a "cowboy", as it suggested he was a horse thief, robber, or outlaw. Cattlemen were generally called herders or
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The word "cowboy" is sometimes used pejoratively. Originally this derived from the behavior of some cowboys in the boomtowns of Kansas, at the end of the trail for long cattle drives, where cowboys developed a reputation for violence and wild behavior due to the inevitable impact of large numbers of
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There are few records mentioning girls or women working to drive cattle up the cattle trails of the Old West. Women performed considerable ranch work, and in some cases (especially when the men went to war or on embarked on long cattle drives) ran them. There is little doubt that women, particularly
1369:, that encouraged honorable behavior, respect and patriotism. Historian Robert K. DeArment draws a connection between the popularized Western code and the stereotypical rowdy cowboy image to that of the "subculture of violence" of drovers in Old West Texas that was influenced itself by the Southern
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On average, a single herd of cattle on a drive numbered about 3,000 head. To herd the cattle, a crew of at least 10 cowboys was needed, with three horses per cowboy. Cowboys worked in shifts to watch the cattle 24 hours a day, herding them in the proper direction in the daytime and watching them at
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The first large-scale effort to drive cattle from Texas to the nearest railhead for shipment to
Chicago occurred in 1866, when many Texas ranchers banded together to drive their cattle to the closest point that railroad tracks reached, which at that time was in Sedalia, Missouri. Farmers in eastern
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periodically issuing statements of support. The long history of the West in popular culture tends to define those clothed in
Western clothing as cowboys or cowgirls whether they have ever been on a horse or not. This is especially true when applied to entertainers and those in the public arena who
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were introduced to
Florida in the early 20th century by cattle entering from other states. These pests forced Florida cattlemen to separate individual animals from their herds at frequent intervals for treatment, which eventually led to the widespread use of lassos. Florida cowboys continue to use
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proposed in 1982 that some Texan traditions that developedâparticularly after the Civil Warâmay trace to colonial South
Carolina, as most settlers to Texas were from the southeastern United States. These theories have been questioned by some reviewers. In a subsequent work, Jordan also noted that
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and earmarking cattle (horses also are branded on many ranches), plus tending to animal injuries and other needs. The working cowboy usually is in charge of a small group or "string" of horses and is required to routinely patrol the rangeland in all weather conditions checking for damaged fences,
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for the cattle and starvation, particularly during the harsh winter of 1886â1887, when hundreds of thousands of cattle died across the Northwest, leading to collapse of the cattle industry. By the 1890s, barbed-wire fencing was also standard in the northern plains, railroads had expanded to cover
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records suggest that about 15% of all cowboys were of African-American ancestryâranging from about 25% on the trail drives out of Texas, to very few in the northwest. Similarly, cowboys of Mexican descent also averaged about 15% of the total, but were more common in Texas and the southwest. Some
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in 1725, and was used in the British Isles from 1820 to 1850 to describe young boys who tended the family or community cows. Originally though, the English word "cowherd" was used to describe a cattle herder (similar to "shepherd", a sheep herder), and often referred to a pre-adolescent or early
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Cattle drives had to strike a balance between speed and the weight of the cattle. While cattle could be driven as far as 25 miles (40 km) in a single day, they would lose so much weight that they would be hard to sell when they reached the end of the trail. Usually they were taken shorter
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cultures. Because of the time and physical ability needed to develop necessary skills, both historic and modern cowboys often began work as an adolescent. Historically, cowboys earned wages as soon as they developed sufficient skills to be hired (often as young as 12 or 13). If not disabled by
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was in use by 1849, although it was not used in all locations. The men who drove cattle for a living in the southwest were usually called cowhands, drovers, or stockmen. Variations on the word appeared later. "Cowhand" appeared in about 1852, and "cowpoke" in 1881, originally restricted to the
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Geography, climate and cultural traditions caused differences to develop in cattle-handling methods and equipment from one part of the United States to another. The period between 1840 and 1870 marked a mingling of cultures when English and French-descended people began to settle west of the
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or other sturdy, close-fitting trousers made of canvas or denim, designed to protect the legs and prevent the trouser legs from snagging on brush, equipment or other hazards. Properly made cowboy jeans also have a smooth inside seam to prevent blistering the inner thigh and knee while on
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injury, cowboys may handle cattle or horses for a lifetime. In the United States, a few women also took on the tasks of ranching and learned the necessary skills, though the "cowgirl" (discussed below) did not become widely recognized or acknowledged until the close of the 19th century.
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Actual cowboys have derisive expressions for individuals who adopt cowboy mannerisms as a fashion pose without any actual understanding of the culture. For example, a "drugstore cowboy" means someone who wears the clothing but does not actually sit upon anything but the stool of the
112:, first defined as such in the late 19th century, had a less well-documented historical role, but in the modern world work at identical tasks and have obtained considerable respect for their achievements. Cattle handlers in many other parts of the world, particularly in
3197:. Styles were often adapted from the early movie industry for the rodeo. Some rodeo competitors, particularly women, add sequins, colors, silver and long fringes to their clothing in both a nod to tradition and showmanship. Modern riders in "rough stock" events such as
2239:, monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom. For ten years, Kamehameha forbade killing of cattle, and imposed the death penalty on anyone who violated his edict. As a result, numbers multiplied astonishingly, and were wreaking havoc throughout the countryside. By the reign of
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The cattle industry is still extremely important to Alberta, and cattle outnumber people in the province. While cattle ranches defined by barbed-wire fences replaced the open range just as they did in the US, the cowboy influence lives on. Canada's first rodeo, the
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and were left to graze, mostly untended, for much of the year. In many cases, different ranchers formed "associations" and grazed their cattle together on the same range. In order to determine the ownership of individual animals, they were marked with a distinctive
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Today's working cowgirls generally use clothing, tools and equipment indistinguishable from those of men, other than in color and design, usually preferring a flashier look in competition. Sidesaddles are only seen in exhibitions and a limited number of specialty
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west and the Dakotas. The cowboy adapted much of his gear to the colder conditions, and westward movement of the industry also led to intermingling of regional traditions from California to Texas, often with the cowboy taking the most useful elements of each.
3395:"Cowboy" as an adjective for "reckless" developed in the 1920s. "Cowboy" is sometimes used today in a derogatory sense to describe someone who is reckless or ignores potential risks, irresponsible or who heedlessly handles a sensitive or dangerous task.
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the number of wild cattle were becoming a problem, so in 1832 he sent an emissary to California, then still a part of Mexico. He was impressed with the skill of the vaqueros, and invited three to Hawai'i to teach the Hawaiian people how to work cattle.
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or hats, as a matter of form even though they have other jobs. Conversely, some people raised on ranches do not necessarily define themselves cowboys or cowgirls unless they feel their primary job is to work with livestock or if they compete in rodeos.
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of wood, covered in rawhide (or made of a modern synthetic material) distributes the weight of the rider across a greater area of the horse's back, reducing the pounds carried per square inch and allowing the horse to be ridden longer without harm. A
1655:, women were generally excluded from the men's events and many of the women's events were dropped. Also, many in the public had difficulties with seeing women seriously injured or killed, and in particular, the death of Bonnie McCarroll at the 1929
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of the period, there are no firm figures on the actual proportion of various races. One writer states that cowboys were "of two classesâthose recruited from Texas and other States on the eastern slope; and Mexicans, from the south-western region".
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offer people the opportunity to ride horses and get a taste of the western lifeâalbeit in far greater comfort. Some ranches also offer vacationers the opportunity to actually perform cowboy tasks by participating in cattle drives or accompanying
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Some men were attracted to the frontier by other men. At times, in a region where men outnumbered women, even social events normally attended by both sexes were at times all male, and men could be found partnering up with one another for dances.
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By the 1880s, the expansion of the cattle industry resulted in a need for additional open range. Thus many ranchers expanded into the northwest, where there were still large tracts of unsettled grassland. Texas cattle were herded north, into the
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Mississippi River and encountered the Spanish-descended people who had settled in the parts of Mexico that later became Texas and California. In the modern world, remnants of two major and distinct cowboy traditions remain, known today as the "
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already living in the region also worked as cowboys. Later, particularly after 1890, when American policy promoted "assimilation" of Indian people, some Indian boarding schools also taught ranching skills. Today, some Native Americans in the
936:" horses, trained to follow the movements of cattle, capable of stopping and turning faster than other horses. Once cattle were sorted, most cowboys were required to rope young calves and restrain them to be branded and (in the case of most
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became the centre of the Canadian cattle industry, earning it the nickname "Cowtown". Mexican traditions had spread north into Canada by the 1880âs influencing Canadian culture. Canadian Methodist missionary and civil servant from Alberta,
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was originally developed by practitioners who were predominantly from California and the Northwestern states, clearly combining the attitudes and philosophy of the California vaquero with the equipment and outward look of the Texas cowboy.
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environment often learn to ride horses and perform basic ranch skills as soon as they are physically able, usually under adult supervision. Such youths, by their late teens, are often given responsibilities for "cowboy" work on the ranch.
1048:, the demand for beef increased significantly. By 1866, cattle could be sold to northern markets for as much as $ 40 per head, making it potentially profitable for cattle, particularly from Texas, to be herded long distances to market.
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capability, it has an open box, called a "bed", and can haul supplies from town or over rough trails on the ranch. It is used to pull stock trailers transporting cattle and livestock from one area to another and to market. With a
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estimates suggest that in the late 19th century, one out of every three cowboys was a Mexican vaquero, and 20% may have been African-American. Other estimates place the number of African-American cowboys as high as 25 percent.
932:, usually in the spring. A roundup required a number of specialized skills on the part of both cowboys and horses. Individuals who separated cattle from the herd required the highest level of skill and rode specially trained "
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have merged to some extent, though a few regional differences in equipment and riding style still remain, and some individuals choose to deliberately preserve the more time-consuming but highly skilled techniques of the pure
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The dress of the rodeo cowboy is not very different from that of the working cowboy on his way to town. Snaps, used in lieu of buttons on the cowboy's shirt, allowed the cowboy to escape from a shirt snagged by the horns of
2793:; metal devices attached to the heel of the boot, featuring a small metal shank, usually with a small serrated wheel attached, used to allow the rider to provide a stronger (or sometimes, more precise) leg cue to the horse.
972:. In some cases, extremely brutal methods were used to tame horses, and such animals tended to never be completely reliable. Other cowboys recognized their need to treat animals in a more humane fashion and modified their
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combined with the cattle herding and drover traditions of the southeastern United States that evolved as settlers moved west. Additional influences developed out of Texas as cattle trails were created to meet up with the
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in assorted manufacturing processes. While Texas contained vast herds of stray, free-ranging cattle available for free to anyone who could round them up, prior to 1865, there was little demand for beef. At the end of the
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A large number of horses were needed for a roundup. Each cowboy would require three to four fresh horses in the course of a day's work. Horses themselves were also rounded up. It was common practice in the west for young
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The first horses arrived in Hawai'i in 1803. By 1837 John Parker, a sailor from New England who settled in the islands, received permission from Kamehameha III to lease royal land near Mauna Kea, where he built a ranch.
3434:. Similar usage is seen in the United States to describe someone in the skilled trades who operates without proper training or licenses. In the eastern United States, "cowboy" as a noun is sometimes used to describe a
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On western ranches today, the working cowboy is usually an adult. Responsibility for herding cattle or other livestock is no longer considered suitable for children or early adolescents. Boys and girls growing up in a
2274:, and many other tools of the cowboy's trade have a distinctly Mexican/Spanish look and many Hawaiian ranching families still carry the names of the vaqueros who married Hawaiian women and made Hawai'i their home.
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classes. A modern working cowgirl wears jeans, close-fitting shirts, boots, hat and when needed, chaps and gloves. If working on the ranch, they perform the same chores as cowboys and dress to suit the situation.
1621:. In the films that followed beginning in the early 20th century, the role of the cowgirl was expanded in popular culture and film set designers developed attractive clothing suitable for riding Western saddles.
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In today's society, there is little understanding of the daily realities of actual agricultural life. Cowboys are more often associated with (mostly fictitious) Indian-fighting than with their actual life of
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They also move the livestock to different pasture locations, or herd them into corrals and onto trucks for transport. In addition, cowboys may do many other jobs, depending on the size of the "outfit" or
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of the range. In Texas and surrounding areas, increased population required ranchers to fence off their individual lands. In the north, overgrazing stressed the open range, leading to insufficient winter
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to work for many hours and to provide security to the rider in rough terrain or when moving quickly in response to the behavior of the livestock being herded. A western saddle has a deep seat with high
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acts between young, unmarried men occurred, but cowboys culture itself was and remains deeply homophobic. Though anti-sodomy laws were common in the Old West, they often were only selectively enforced.
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Regardless of ethnicity, most cowboys came from lower social classes and the pay was poor. The average cowboy earned approximately a dollar a day, plus food, and, when near the home ranch, a bed in the
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and the expansion of the cattle industry, former soldiers from both the Union and Confederacy came west, seeking work, as did large numbers of restless white men in general. A significant number of
2219:(Spanish for handkerchief) or possibly from a Hawai'ian language word meaning "hold firmly and sway gracefully". Curtis J. Lyons, scientist and assistant government surveyor, wrote in 1892 for the
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rode the same "rough stock" and assumed the same risks as the men (and all while wearing a heavy split skirt that was more encumbering than men's trousers) and competed at major rodeos such as the
2635:, and the definition is broad, encompassing ranch hands to rodeo performers, so the exact number of working cowboys is unknown. Working cowboys or ranch hands are included in the 2003 category,
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by driving them into pits dug in the forest floor. Once tamed somewhat by hunger and thirst, they were hauled out up a steep ramp, and tied by their horns to the horns of a tame, older steer (or
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Prior to the mid-19th century, most ranchers primarily raised cattle for their own needs and to sell surplus meat and hides locally. There was also a limited market for hides, horns, hooves, and
2748:, usually of deerskin or other leather that is soft and flexible for working purposes, yet provides protection when handling barbed wire, assorted tools or clearing native brush and vegetation.
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competition, where boys can be seen in events traditionally associated with women riders, such as barrel racing. Outside of the rodeo world, women compete equally with men in nearly all other
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became household names. By 1900, skirts split for riding astride became popular and allowed women to compete with men without scandalizing Victorian-era audiences by wearing men's clothing or
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Informal competition arose between cowboys seeking to test their cattle and horse-handling skills against one another, and thus, from the necessary tasks of the working cowboy, the sport of
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Saddle bags (leather or nylon) can be mounted to the saddle, behind the cantle, to carry various sundry items and extra supplies. Additional bags may be attached to the front or the saddle.
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did not come into use until the 1950s. Prior to that it was assumed that all cowboys were working cowboys. Early cowboys both worked on ranches and displayed their skills at the roundups.
2876:. The most important horse on the ranch is the everyday working ranch horse that can perform a wide variety of tasks; horses trained to specialize exclusively in one set of skills such as
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competitor is much closer to being an actual cowboy, as many were actually raised on ranches and around livestock, and the rest have needed to learn livestock-handling skills on the job.
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1613:" came into their own. These adult women were skilled performers, demonstrating riding, expert marksmanship and trick roping that entertained audiences around the world. Women such as
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cause, was called the "Cow-boy of the Ramapos" due to his penchant for stealing oxen, cattle, and horses from colonists and giving them to the British. In the same period, a number of
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in the American West accounted for up to 25 percent of workers in the range-cattle industry from the 1860s to 1880s, estimated to be between 6,000 and 9,000 workers. Typically former
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attached, it carries horses to distant areas where they may be needed. Motorcycles are sometimes used instead of horses for some tasks, but the most common smaller vehicle is the
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brought about the rodeo cowgirl. In the early Wild West shows and rodeos, women competed in all events, sometimes against other women, sometimes with the men. Cowgirls such as
324:, area during the 1880s, the term "cowboy" or "cow-boy" was used pejoratively to describe men who had been implicated in various crimes. One loosely organized band was dubbed "
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Even today, traditional paniolo dress, as well as certain styles of Hawaiian formal attire, reflect the Spanish heritage of the vaquero. The traditional Hawaiian saddle, the
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drove cattle from New Mexico and later Texas to Mexico City. Mexican traditions spread both South and North, influencing equestrian traditions from Argentina to Canada.
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declared the fourth Saturday of July as "National Day of the American Cowboy" via a Senate resolution and has subsequently renewed this resolution each year, with the
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that had myriad uses: from mopping up sweat to masking the face from dust storms. In modern times, is now more likely to be a silk neckscarf for decoration and warmth.
529:. Horses quickly multiplied in America and became crucial to the success of the Spanish and later settlers from other nations. The earliest horses were originally of
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for cowboy were ranch hand, range hand or trail hand, although duties and pay were not entirely identical. The Cowboys' activities were ultimately curtailed by the
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Rodeo competition for women changed in the 1920s as the result of several factors. After 1925, when Eastern promoters started staging indoor rodeos in places like
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2931:. The horse has to be intelligent, calm under pressure and have a certain degree of 'cow sense" â the ability to anticipate the movement and behavior of cattle.
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as inhabited by "countless droves of mustangs and ... wild cattle ... abandoned by Mexicans when they were ordered to evacuate the country between the
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2074:, which is still used by some Florida cowboys, is descended from horses introduced by the Spanish. From shortly after 1565 until the end of the 17th century,
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The history of women in the West, and women who worked on cattle ranches in particular, is not as well documented as is that of men. Institutions such as the
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began to herd cattle on horseback to sell in Louisiana, both legally and illegally. By the early 19th century, the Spanish Crown, and later, independent
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Bushnell, Amy (April 1978). "The Menendez Marquez Cattle Barony at La Chua and the Determinants of Economic Expansion in Seventeenth-Century Florida".
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cowboys, mostly young single men, receiving their pay in large lump sums upon arriving in communities with many drinking and gambling establishments.
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In reality, working ranch hands past and present had very little time for anything other than the constant hard work involved in maintaining a ranch.
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are also common. Some jobs remain, particularly working cattle in rough terrain or close quarters, that are best performed by cowboys on horseback.
2639:, which totals 9,730 workers averaging $ 19,340 per annum. In addition to cowboys working on ranches, in stockyards, and as staff or competitors at
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for many working cowboys who were needed to handle livestock. Many rodeo cowboys are also working cowboys and most have working cowboy experience.
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and its Native American allies, which wiped out the native population of Florida, led to the collapse of the Spanish mission and ranching systems.
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Indians. Cowboys were armed against both predators and human thieves, and often used their guns to drive away people of any race who attempted to
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1172:. Meanwhile, ranches multiplied all over the developing West, keeping cowboy employment high, if still low-paid, but also somewhat more settled.
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are often associated with one another. On the other hand, some actors who portrayed cowboys promoted other values, such as the "cowboy code" of
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most of the nation, and meat packing plants were built closer to major ranching areas, making long cattle drives from Texas to the railheads in
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2734:; High crowned hat with a wide brim to protect from sun, overhanging brush, and the elements. There are many styles, initially influenced by
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The Spanish exported their horsemanship and knowledge of cattle ranching to their American colonies, where traditions developed such as the
1056:, and became a center of cattle shipping, loading over 36,000 head of cattle that year. The route from Texas to Abilene became known as the
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individuals who prodded cattle with long poles to load them onto railroad cars for shipping. Names for a cowboy in American English include
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7388:
267:
required skills and an investment in horses and equipment rarely available to or entrusted to a child, though in some cultures boys rode a
86:
ensure the herds' health in finding pasture and bring them to market. The historic American cowboy of the late 19th century arose from the
4841:
3978:
435:
7559:
7473:
1866:, meaning "white man, master, boss". Although that derivation was later rejected, another possibility advanced was that "buckaroo" was a
714:
began a transformation which merged with English cultural traditions and produced what became known in American culture as the "cowboy".
796:
made upon this territory." California, on the other hand, did not see a large influx of settlers from the United States until after the
752:
or âmustangâ horses, wild horses that lived in northern Mexico and what is now the American southwest, to later sell them in the cities.
407:. Both regions possessed a dry climate with sparse grass, thus large herds of cattle required vast amounts of land to obtain sufficient
7547:
6922:
6783:
1791:
within American English may also reflect the parallel differences between the California and Texas traditions of western horsemanship.
1997:
the influence of post-War Texas upon the whole of the frontier Western cowboy tradition was likely much less than previously thought.
800:. In slightly different ways, both areas contributed to the evolution of the iconic American cowboy. Particularly with the arrival of
8688:
7442:
6952:
6887:
5843:
2763:
width, or chap length and material were adjusted to accommodate the various environmental conditions encountered by working cowboys.
2345:âwho brought the first cattle into the province in 1876âwere American. American style open range dryland ranching began to dominate
8595:
8568:
8482:
7383:
5876:
3747:
1945:
from their counterparts, but also retaining some of the livestock-handling traditions and culture of the Eastern United States and
1554:
5461:
5421:
4697:
1771:
The vaquero, the Spanish or Mexican cowboy who worked with young, untrained horses, arrived in the 18th century and flourished in
8605:
8563:
7554:
7525:
7413:
6897:
6015:
2829:, specifically the folding cattle knife or stock knife. The knife has multiple blades, usually including a leather punch and a "
2023:
cowboy" of the 19th and early 20th centuries was distinct from the Texas and California traditions. Florida cowboys did not use
7665:
7650:
7623:
7378:
6927:
3324:
2817:
411:. The need to cover distances greater than a person on foot could manage gave rise to the development of the horseback-mounted
196:
adolescent boy, who usually worked on foot. This word is very old in the English language, originating prior to the year 1000.
4795:
Garceau, Dee. "Nomads, Bunkies, Cross-dressers, and Family Men: cowboy identity and the gendering of ranch work". p. 149â168;
4246:
1838:
first appeared in American English in 1827. The word may also have developed with influences from the English word "buck" or
8881:
8721:
7722:
7373:
6419:
6230:
6203:
6177:
6157:
6112:
6092:
5733:
5584:
5516:
5471:
5214:
4928:
4895:
4875:
4023:
3874:
2686:
2146:
The Florida cowhunter or cracker cowboy tradition gradually assimilated to western cowboy tradition during the 20th century.
2118:
1776:
1377:
1350:
1209:
647:
136:
2724:, and high heels to keep the foot from slipping through the stirrup while working in the saddle; with or without detachable
8866:
7690:
7685:
7660:
7535:
7486:
2907:
and often under 1000 pounds, with a short back, sturdy legs and strong muscling, particularly in the hindquarters. While a
6460:
2884:
are very rarely used on ranches. Because the rider often needs to keep one hand free while working cattle, the horse must
2207:
and words must end in a vowel.) Paniolo, like cowboys on the mainland of North America, learned their skills from Mexican
1576:
was a tool that afforded women the ability to ride horses in public settings instead of being left on foot or confined to
167:
has an origin from several earlier terms that referred to both age and to cattle or cattle-tending work. The English word
8573:
7937:
7705:
7700:
7680:
7675:
6665:
5897:
3098:
can be snubbed, and assorted dee rings and leather "saddle strings" allow additional equipment to be tied to the saddle.
1160:
were over. Smaller cattle drives continued at least into the 1940s, as ranchers, prior to the development of the modern
830:
or children of former slaves, many black men had skills in cattle handling and headed West at the end of the Civil War.
8774:
7498:
6523:
4808:
4076:
3235:
Buffalo Bill's wild west and congress of rough riders of the world â circus poster showing cowboys rounding up cattle,
2714:
protect the rider's legs while on horseback, especially riding through heavy brush or during rough work with livestock.
2075:
2059:
1299:
1157:
1000:
726:
5776:
2681:, grew out of practical need and the environment in which the cowboy worked. Most items were adapted from the Mexican
1674:
and all other traditional rodeo events. In open rodeos, cowgirls primarily compete in the timed riding events such as
1345:
The traditions of the working cowboy were further etched into the minds of the general public with the development of
1189:
Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho youths learning to brand cattle at the Seger Indian School, Oklahoma Territory, ca. 1900
956:, but allowed to grow up "wild" in a semi-feral state on the open range. There were also "wild" herds, often known as
8545:
6644:
6629:
6593:
6578:
6563:
6548:
6508:
6493:
6411:
6374:
6044:
6023:
5980:
5757:
5712:
5663:
5495:
4783:
4763:
4739:
4326:
4223:
4015:
2163:
1690:
1515:
1496:
928:
In order to find young calves for branding, and to sort out mature animals intended for sale, ranchers would hold a
8741:
8315:
7530:
7465:
6937:
3523:
3364:
2550:
1468:
3249:'s Wild West Show helped to popularize the image of the cowboy as an idealized representative of the tradition of
1080:. By 1877, the largest of the cattle-shipping boom towns, Dodge City, Kansas, shipped out 500,000 head of cattle.
275:, herding of sheep, cattle and goats was often the job of minors, and still is a task for young people in various
8779:
8759:
7628:
7423:
6841:
3613:
2396:
2127:
raiders. After the Civil War, and into the 20th Century, Florida cattle were periodically driven to ports on the
2423:
who guard herds of cattle, sheep or horses is common wherever wide, open land for grazing exists. In the French
6658:
6611:
4355:
4172:
1453:
1389:
306:
5180:
GonzĂĄlez, FĂ©lix RodrĂguez (December 2001). "Spanish Contribution to American English Wordstock: An Overview".
1475:
328:", and profited from smuggling cattle, alcohol, and tobacco across the U.S.âMexico border. Tombstone resident
8851:
8236:
8087:
7638:
6907:
5393:
Terry Jordan, with John L. Bean, Jr, and William M. Holmes; Westview Geographies of the United States. Pg. 74
5311:
4402:
Goldstein-Shirley, David (30 April 1997). "Black Cowboys in the American West: An Historiographical Review".
3623:
3332:
as part of their persona. Many other people, particularly in the West, including lawyers, bankers, and other
2195:
of California and Mexico. Experts in Hawaiian etymology believe "Paniolo" is a Hawaiianized pronunciation of
2168:
2110:
1903:
1898:
from northern Mexico dressed differently, more modestly and less conspicuous than their southern counterparts
730:
5648:/Tomås Menéndez Mårquez: Criolla, Ganadero y Contador Real". In Ann L. Henderson and Gary L. Mormino (ed.).
5031:
4940:
7895:
7797:
7710:
7695:
7586:
7508:
7493:
4287:
3508:
3503:
984:
tradition. Horses trained in a gentler fashion were more reliable and useful for a wider variety of tasks.
827:
4102:
1798:
A "Wade" saddle, popular with working ranch Buckaroo tradition riders, derived from vaquero saddle designs
1681:
Boys and girls are more apt to compete against one another in all events in high-school rodeos as well as
8836:
8293:
7927:
7922:
7900:
7513:
5307:
4965:
4162:
3841:
3619:
3372:
3124:. It will carry a single cowboy quickly around the ranch for small chores. In areas with heavy snowfall,
2220:
1349:
in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which showcased and romanticized the life of both cowboys and
1291:
1217:
own cattle and small ranches, and many are still employed as cowboys, especially on ranches located near
1204:
also were drawn to cowboy life, in part because there was not quite as much racial discrimination in the
360:
35:
5924:
3062:; a blanket or pad is required under the Western saddle to provide comfort and protection for the horse.
2263:
with food and water was located. The industry grew slowly under the reign of Kamehameha's son Liholiho (
1482:
1011:
8876:
8660:
8650:
8305:
7853:
7670:
7327:
6256:"The End of Cowboy Diplomacy: Why George W. Bush's Grand Strategy for Remaking the World Had to Change"
5439:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company:2000
3635:
3554:
3261:
work and cattle-tending. The cowboy is also portrayed as a masculine ideal via images ranging from the
2628:
2124:
1949:. The Texas cowboy was typically a bachelor who hired on with different outfits from season to season.
1325:
741:
608:
511:
350:
3836:
375:
8630:
8067:
7910:
7809:
7715:
7643:
6942:
5411:
Raymond Gastil. "Cultural Regions of the United States" Pg. 199. University of Washington Press. 1975
3631:
3599:
2395:
also has a significant ranching history and cowboy culture in the interior, and has been home to the
2283:
3245:
As the frontier ended, the cowboy life came to be highly romanticized. Exhibitions such as those of
2062:
throughout the 17th century. The cattle introduced by the Spanish persist today in two rare breeds:
8447:
8442:
8325:
7569:
7393:
6917:
6265:
4453:
Frank Forrest Latta, JoaquĂn Murrieta and His Horse Gangs, Bear State Books, Santa Cruz, 1980, p.84
1780:
1464:
1420:
797:
683:
514:. In turn, the land and people of the Americas also saw dramatic changes due to Spanish influence.
6335:
5793:
1779:. Settlers from the United States did not enter California in significant numbers until after the
603:, the traditional cowboy began with the Spanish tradition, which evolved further in what today is
8861:
8625:
8615:
8310:
8199:
8047:
8005:
7858:
7836:
3013:
to control the horse in many different situations. Generally the bridle is open-faced, without a
2720:; a boot with a high top to protect the lower legs, pointed toes to help guide the foot into the
2359:
2151:
1993:
1449:
1442:
1253:
31:
17:
4347:
4339:
2800:
to protect livestock from wild animals or feral dogs. Rifles may be carried on horseback in a
1370:
8886:
8846:
8655:
8420:
8219:
8187:
7971:
7885:
7819:
7745:
6902:
5848:
5422:
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2645&context=greatplainsquarterly
4068:
4062:
3986:
3641:
3595:
3581:
2935:
2934:
Many breeds of horse make good stock horses, but the most common today in North America is the
2302:
2087:
2063:
1637:
1588:
modified the traditional English sidesaddle, creating a western-styled design. The traditional
1536:
1333:
1132:
1033:
944:. Occasionally it was also necessary to restrain older cattle for branding or other treatment.
554:
325:
52:
6601:
6193:
4213:
2570:, whose knowledge played a key role in the success of cattle ranching in Australia's climate.
1397:
1135:. Overgrazing and harsh winters were factors that brought an end to the age of the open range.
8841:
8726:
8492:
7917:
7824:
7814:
7762:
7757:
7403:
7128:
7077:
6808:
3864:
2567:
2388:
2071:
1682:
1652:
1271:
1214:
1205:
1169:
1101:
1045:
777:
440:
97:
7608:
5601:""History of the Cracker Horse" Florida Cracker Horse Association. Accessed January 4, 2010"
2333:. The most successful early settlers of the province were the ranchers, who found Alberta's
1678:, and most professional rodeos do not offer as many women's events as they do men's events.
8395:
8204:
8122:
8082:
8052:
8030:
7959:
7944:
7873:
7846:
7332:
6793:
6708:
5992:
Delbridge, Arthur, "The Macquarie Dictionary", 2nd ed., Macquarie Library, North Ryde, 1991
4845:
4758:; Edited by Lynn Witt, Sherry Thomas and Eric Marcus; New York: Warner Books; 1995; p. 635
3529:
3513:
3320:
2939:
2554:
2383:
began, and today it is the world's richest cash rodeo. Each year, Calgary's northern rival
2252:
2095:
1978:
1753:
1629:
1546:
1142:, an innovation of the 1880s, allowed cattle to be confined to designated areas to prevent
1016:
760:
Branding cattle in Mexico (1870). One of the tasks performed by Charros as vaqueros in the
542:
117:
6753:
6503:. 1997. Gerster, Patrick, and Cords, Nicholas. (editors) Brandywine Press, St. James, NY.
5853:
5655:
5649:
4140:
1666:, although women could now enter other open events. In all-women rodeos, women compete in
1569:
documented the life of working ranch women during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
1286:. Such hazardous work in isolated conditions also bred a tradition of self-dependence and
655:
8:
8769:
8380:
8340:
8241:
8137:
7983:
7787:
7062:
6834:
5728:. Kissimmee, Florida: Florida Cattleman's Foundation. 2013. pp. 26, 30, 62, 76, 78.
3954:
3430:
3333:
3121:
2469:
1618:
1577:
682:, English and Spanish traditions, language and culture merged to some degree. Before the
462:
was originally a derogatory term for Mexican Vaqueros, synonymous with the English terms
428:
298:
5679:
4888:
Cowboys, Ranchers and the Cattle Business: Cross-Border Perspectives on Ranching History
1208:
as in other areas of American society at the time. A significant number of Mexicans and
104:
used to work cattle. In addition to ranch work, some cowboys work for or participate in
8435:
8286:
8177:
8162:
8072:
7767:
7503:
7408:
7317:
6912:
6448:"Black, Hispanic riding clubs keep cowboy identity alive after years of 'whitewashing'"
5553:
5273:
5159:
5116:
4384:
3923:
3591:
3518:
3368:
3181:, to earn a living by performing their skills before an audience. Rodeos also provided
2739:
2596:
2342:
2298:
2114:
2013:
1982:
1953:
1656:
1581:
1218:
1194:
1073:
1041:
1029:
929:
918:
875:
809:
364:
321:
314:
276:
6461:"Black cowboys of Mississippi 'so much more than just John Wayne or the Marlboro man'"
3021:. Young ranch horses learning basic tasks usually are ridden in a jointed, loose-ring
564:
8645:
8520:
8350:
8330:
8298:
8251:
8035:
7240:
7047:
6640:
6625:
6607:
6589:
6574:
6559:
6544:
6519:
6504:
6489:
6415:
6407:
6370:
6226:
6199:
6173:
6153:
6108:
6088:
6040:
6019:
5976:
5844:"Paniolo Ways: Riding the range is a lifestyle that reaches back 170 years in Hawaii"
5753:
5729:
5708:
5659:
5580:
5576:
5545:
5512:
5491:
5467:
5230:
5210:
5206:
Vocabulario Vaquero/Cowboy Talk: A Dictionary of Spanish Terms from the American West
4924:
4891:
4871:
4804:
4779:
4759:
4735:
4411:
4351:
4322:
4219:
4168:
4072:
4019:
4011:
3870:
3561:
3448:
3246:
3210:
3050:
3026:
3018:
2294:
2290:
2200:
2083:
2067:
2043:. While some individuals wore boots that reached above the knees for protection from
1922:
1820:
1585:
1528:
1336:
argues for a political dimension to the original cowboy image in the 1870s and 1880s:
1320:
885:
789:
722:
546:
423:
400:
329:
310:
5071:
3409:", and Bush has been described in the press, particularly in Europe, as a "cowboy".
3231:
1489:
1193:
American cowboys were drawn from multiple sources. By the late 1860s, following the
8856:
8703:
8472:
8224:
8112:
7863:
7434:
7357:
7291:
7266:
7032:
6993:
6892:
6870:
5788:
5265:
5151:
5108:
4376:
4250:
3915:
3572:
3435:
3406:
3112:
3053:
of various types are seen on horses that are in training or have behavior problems.
2830:
2392:
2380:
2376:
2346:
2338:
2322:
2232:
2184:
2040:
1933:
ranching areas of Texas. Here the settlers were strongly influenced by the Mexican
1926:
1842:, the behavior of young, untrained horses. In 1960, one etymologist suggested that
1706:
1633:
1393:
1229:
1198:
1069:
756:
734:
675:
530:
478:
and other Spanish settlers brought their cattle-raising traditions as well as both
237:
6778:
5600:
4119:
1557:
in modern years have attempted to gather and document the contributions of women.
1185:
175:, a Spanish word for an individual who managed cattle while mounted on horseback.
8754:
8749:
8425:
8229:
8192:
7829:
7542:
7286:
7261:
7230:
7102:
6473:
6427:$ 10 Horse, $ 40 Saddle: Cowboy Clothing, Arms, Tools and Horse Gear of the 1880s
6400:
6363:
6260:
6220:
5463:
North American Cattle-Ranching Frontiers: Origins, Diffusion, and Differentiation
5434:
5341:
5204:
4870:. University of Oklahoma Press; First edition (March 15, 2010). c. Introduction.
4754:
Wilke, Jim. "Frontier Comrades: homosexuality in the America West". pp. 164â172;
3806:
3609:
3536:
3397:
3274:
3226:
2951:
2924:
2881:
2856:
The traditional means of transport for the cowboy, even in the modern era, is by
2735:
2464:
2407:
2260:
2175:
2031:
and dogs. Since the Florida cowhunter did not need a saddle horn for anchoring a
2020:
1855:
1847:
1772:
1698:
1606:
1077:
1053:
933:
592:
550:
333:
272:
246:
6534:
Black Cowboys in the American West: On the Range, on the Stage, behind the Badge
6308:
6287:
6170:
Encyclopedia of American Folklore (Facts on File Library of American Literature)
3777:
2058:
Cattle and horses were introduced into Spanish Florida in the 16th century, and
1925:
led a group which became the first English-speaking Mexican citizens. Following
698:, trading manufactured goods for the hides and tallow produced from vast cattle
502:
were transformed by the geographic, environmental and cultural circumstances of
241:). Today, "cowboy" is a term common throughout the west and particularly in the
8731:
8452:
8360:
8102:
8020:
7322:
7245:
7082:
6947:
6827:
6222:
Reinventing Order in the Congo: How People Respond to State Failure in Kinshasa
3785:
3587:
3402:
3266:
3091:
3065:
3059:
2621:
2617:
2240:
2128:
2079:
2048:
2036:
1735:" tradition. Less well-known but equally distinct traditions also developed in
1694:
1662:
In today's rodeos, men and women compete equally together only in the event of
1566:
1405:
1346:
1061:
1057:
973:
961:
941:
835:
703:
638:
634:
392:
302:
192:
5901:
4064:
Borderline Americans: Racial Division and Labor War in the Arizona Borderlands
3166:. In the beginning there was no difference between the working cowboy and the
710:
life. Starting with these early encounters, the lifestyle and language of the
8830:
8400:
8271:
8209:
8152:
8127:
8092:
8057:
8010:
7964:
7878:
7841:
7802:
7727:
7312:
7276:
7194:
7138:
7052:
7022:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6003:$ 10 Horse, $ 40 Saddle: Cowboy Clothing, Arms, Tools and Horse Gear of 1880s
5549:
5511:. Kissimmee, Florida: Florida Cattleman's Foundation. 2013. pp. 10, 11.
5402:"Origins of the Free Immigrant Population of Texas, 1850" U.S. Census Bureau.
4415:
3627:
3605:
3577:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3413:
3375:'s depiction of cowboys in movies. Something similar occurred with the term "
3349:
3308:
3303:
3117:
3069:
2959:
2955:
2900:
2857:
2504:
2420:
2264:
2005:
1986:
1946:
1859:
1686:
1675:
1354:
1295:
1287:
1279:
969:
960:. Both types were rounded up, and the mature animals tamed, a process called
922:
851:
823:
773:
538:
475:
264:
225:
113:
83:
75:
6768:
1072:. Later, other trails forked off to different railheads, including those at
854:
to market in Mexico, and later American territories of what is now Northern
96:
and became a figure of special significance and legend. A subtype, called a
8462:
8385:
8142:
7976:
7890:
7782:
7750:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7199:
7133:
7112:
7097:
7092:
7087:
7027:
6988:
6189:
6018:, vol. I. Cambridge/London:Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1985
5053:
4991:
3649:
3565:
3541:
3329:
3262:
3198:
3190:
3178:
3136:
3108:
2963:
2947:
2923:
on a rope, a smaller, quick horse is needed for herding activities such as
2920:
2826:
2813:
2690:
2677:
2350:
2306:
2236:
2102:
1974:
1667:
1643:
1614:
1161:
1006:
953:
871:
813:
781:
600:
534:
242:
2911:
horse may need to be larger and weigh more in order to hold a heavy adult
1882:
662:
into New Mexico, bringing along 7000 head of cattle. From this beginning,
650:
trained to work for the Spanish missions in caring for the mission herds.
626:
8530:
8281:
8167:
7998:
7932:
7772:
7337:
7220:
7179:
7148:
7107:
7067:
7057:
7042:
7037:
6738:
3417:
3337:
3294:
3289:
3202:
3022:
2928:
2908:
2896:
2877:
2851:
2717:
2701:
2643:, the category includes farmhands working with other types of livestock (
2287:
2132:
1816:
1671:
1663:
1143:
1139:
1093:
879:
687:
588:
558:
451:
345:
301:
to describe American fighters who opposed the movement for independence.
250:
6650:
5926:
Saddle, Sled and Snowshoe: Pioneering on the Saskatchewan in the Sixties
2864:
can travel over terrain that vehicles cannot access. Horses, along with
2759:
Many of these items show marked regional variations. Parameters such as
2742:, which was designed in response to the climatic conditions of the West.
2659:, etc.). Of those 9,730 workers, 3,290 are listed in the subcategory of
1401:
443:
with hocking lances. Most Mexican militiamen were the vaqueros from the
8810:
8535:
8497:
8040:
7949:
7579:
7184:
7072:
7017:
6107:. University of Oklahoma Press (March 15, 1985). pp. 3â4, 24, 117â118.
5557:
4388:
3660:
3493:
3360:
3277:
seldom bear much resemblance to real cowboy life. Arguably, the modern
3270:
3214:
3182:
3125:
2994:
2979:
2731:
2589:
2329:
Ranching in Canada has traditionally been dominated by the province of
2147:
2136:
1938:
1911:
1732:
1714:
1659:
led to the elimination of women's bronc riding from rodeo competition.
1573:
1456: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1366:
1362:
1358:
1307:
1302:, and in the frontier west, men often significantly outnumbered women.
1119:
913:
905:
890:
867:
863:
785:
659:
545:
developed in North and South America through selective breeding and by
254:
5533:
5277:
5163:
5120:
4921:
Encyclopedia of Indian Wars: Western Battles and Skirmishes, 1850â1890
4036:
3927:
2783:; from the Spanish "la riata", meaning "the rope", sometimes called a
1298:. The cowboy often worked in an all-male environment, particularly on
764:, was the yearly marking of the cattle with the brand of the hacienda.
8795:
8764:
8540:
8525:
8370:
8261:
7988:
7574:
7271:
7143:
6773:
6693:
5881:
5076:
Buckaroos in Paradise: Ranching Culture in Northern Nevada, 1945â1982
4800:
3645:
3421:
3353:
3285:
3107:
The most common motorized vehicle driven in modern ranch work is the
3044:
2885:
2873:
2546:
2525:
2510:
2483:
2366:(1896)», that the Mexican saddle had not reach Canada by the 1860âs:
2334:
1744:
1598:
1542:
1385:
1243:
761:
503:
444:
155:
125:
5948:
4923:. Mountain Press Publishing Company (August 10, 2003). pp. 160â180.
4799:; Edited by Matthew Basso, Laura McCall, and Dee Garceau; New York:
4380:
2317:
1834:
and shows phonological characteristics compatible with that origin.
1431:
7307:
7169:
7164:
6788:
5269:
5155:
5142:
Cassidy, F. G. and A. A. Hill (Summer 1979). "Buckaroo Once More".
5112:
3919:
3483:
3346:
3250:
3014:
3006:
2892:âit must instinctively know how to anticipate and react to cattle.
2801:
2760:
2697:
2601:
2595:
On the ranch, the cowboy is responsible for feeding the livestock,
2529:
2491:
2424:
2384:
2204:
2106:
2028:
1970:
1962:
1921:
to non-citizens, such as settlers from the United States. In 1821,
1283:
1275:
1247:
1201:
1089:
1065:
894:
847:
817:
801:
769:
725:, with some estimates giving figures as high as 25% nationwide for
487:
404:
388:
147:
121:
6499:
Davis, David Brion. "Ten-Gallon Hero: The Myth of the Cowboy". in
5841:
4167:(4 ed.). University of Oklahoma Press (Norman). p. 140.
2584:
1164:, still needed to herd cattle to local railheads for transport to
6998:
6803:
6798:
6763:
6743:
6703:
5573:
Storey's Illustrated Breed Guide to Sheep, Goats, Cattle and Pigs
5420:
Sandra L. Myres. Review of Terry Jordan's Trails To Texas. 1982.
4797:
Across the Great Divide: Cultures of Manhood in the American West
4529:. The Longhorn Press, Cisco, Texas. Fifth Printing, August, 1958.
3498:
3478:
3473:
3425:
3298:
3082:
2984:
2967:
2904:
2721:
2656:
2613:
2520:
2487:
2456:
2448:
2444:
2432:
2428:
2354:
2330:
1957:
1895:
1839:
1766:
1740:
1702:
1562:
1381:
1165:
1156:
unnecessary. Hence, the age of the open range was gone and large
1037:
957:
793:
768:
The arrival of English-speaking settlers in Texas began in 1821.
622:
578:
526:
522:
495:
356:
88:
6386:
Draper, Robert. "21st-Century Cowboys: Why the Spirit Endures".
5874:
4821:
To make men free: A history of the Republican party (2014) p. 77
3424:
whose work is of shoddy and questionable value, e.g., "a cowboy
3131:
3029:. In some areas, especially where the "California" style of the
2771:
2337:
to be ideal for raising cattle. Most of Alberta's ranchers were
1752:
or "buckaroo" tradition. The popular "horse whisperer" style of
792: ... the horses and cattle abandoned invited the raids the
717:
7215:
6748:
6733:
6723:
6682:
4164:
The XIT Ranch of Texas and the Early Days of the Llano Estacado
3726:«Diccionario de la lengua española» â EdiciĂłn del Tricentenario
3488:
3468:
3412:
In English-speaking regions outside North America, such as the
3376:
3206:
3086:
3078:
3074:
3002:
2809:
2805:
2745:
2664:
2499:
2478:
2436:
2412:
2391:, and dozens of regional rodeos are held through the province.
2086:
operated in northern Florida to supply the Spanish garrison in
2052:
1966:
1942:
1907:
1891:
1736:
1593:
1234:
1153:
1148:
1106:
1024:
965:
921:, applied with a hot iron, usually while the cattle were still
901:
855:
617:
604:
518:
507:
491:
483:
459:
408:
341:
337:
268:
93:
82:, and often performs a multitude of other ranch-related tasks.
67:
63:
5256:
Mason, Julian (February 1960). "The Etymology of 'Buckaroo'".
3869:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. p. 288.
3690:
3688:
3336:
professionals wear elements of Western clothing, particularly
1794:
690:
merchants who traveled by ship to California encountered both
8800:
7281:
7225:
7189:
7174:
6863:
6850:
6758:
5188:(2). Aedean: Asociación española de estudios anglo-americanos
4868:
Deadly Dozen: Forgotten Gunfighters of the Old West, Volume 3
4756:
Out In All Directions: The Almanac of Gay and Lesbian America
3653:
3428:". The term also lent itself to the British 1980s TV sitcom,
3380:
3278:
3258:
3177:
The advent of professional rodeos allowed cowboys, like many
3167:
3149:
3095:
3039:
2943:
2869:
2861:
2822:
2797:
2780:
2751:
2711:
2707:
2644:
2640:
2609:
2579:
2539:
2534:
2452:
2251:
The Hawaiian style of ranching originally included capturing
2051:. They usually wore inexpensive wool or straw hats, and used
2044:
2032:
2024:
1918:
1728:
1625:
1258:
1222:
988:
909:
859:
699:
499:
479:
396:
384:
285:
258:
184:
132:
105:
101:
79:
71:
6105:
The Cowboy Hero: His Image in American History & Culture
4442:
Texas roots: agriculture and rural life before the Civil War
3217:
is yet to be accepted, in spite of constant risk of injury.
3111:. Sturdy and roomy, with a high ground clearance, and often
3037:
tradition is still strong, young horses are often seen in a
1549:, Champion lady bucking horse rider, Winnipeg Stampede, 1913
1357:
popularized the cowboy lifestyle but also formed persistent
1353:. Beginning in the 1920s and continuing to the present day,
1092:
and deter theft. The crew also included a cook, who drove a
7235:
5651:
Spanish Pathways in Florida/Caminos Españoles en La Florida
3685:
3273:
are thought of as exemplifying a cowboy ideal, even though
3194:
3010:
2916:
2865:
2790:
2725:
2648:
2515:
2140:
2091:
1624:
Independently of the entertainment industry, the growth of
1596:
preserve a similar tradition and ride sidesaddles today in
1376:
Likewise, cowboys in movies were often shown fighting with
1290:, with great value put on personal honesty, exemplified in
1124:
1097:
968:-busting", usually performed by cowboys who specialized as
949:
937:
805:
583:
43:
5382:
Trails to Texas: Southern Roots of Western Cattle Ranching
5099:
Cassidy, F. G. (Spring 1978). "Another Look at Buckaroo".
3695:
3085:
provide comfort and security for the foot. A strong, wide
2837:
1380:. Most armed conflicts occurred between Native people and
320:
While cowhands were still respected in West Texas, in the
8601:
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954
7565:
Prehistoric agriculture in the Southwestern United States
6429:
The Old Army Press, First printing, 1976. LC no. 76â9411.
6406:. University of Washington Press; Revised edition, 1991.
6397:. New York: Franklin Watts, Inc., 1971. SBN: 531-01512-2.
6005:
The Old Army Press, First printing, 1976. LC no. 76-9411.
2970:
breeds such as the Chickasaw and Virginia Quarter-Miler.
2912:
2652:
2286:, the "Salt Water Cowboys" are known for rounding up the
1973:, in addition to expanding ranching opportunities in the
1867:
1392:
in Western Texas. Similar attacks also occurred with the
6933:
List of Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association Champions
6819:
6637:
The Cowboy at Work: All About His Job and How He Does It
3906:
Cassidy, F.G.; Hill, A.A. (1979). "Buckaroo Once More".
702:. American traders along what later became known as the
6085:
The Creation of the Cowboy Hero: Fiction, Film and Fact
5640:
Bushnell, Amy Turner (1991). "Thomas Menéndez Mårquez:
4340:"African Americans in the Cattle Industry, 1860sâ1880s"
3359:
Outside of the United States, the cowboy has become an
2256:
1811:
by English-speaking settlers. The words "buckaroo" and
1064:, who marked out the route. It ran through present-day
816:
from the ranches where they were raised to the nearest
517:
The arrival of horses was particularly significant, as
8641:
Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996
8636:
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990
6172:. Facts on File; 1st Edition (December 2006). p. 93.
6150:
Cowboy Values: Recapturing What America Once Stood For
6037:
Stetson Hats and the John B. Stetson Company 1865â1970
4698:"The Lesser-Known History of African-American Cowboys"
4067:. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. p.
3866:
Murder in Tombstone: The Forgotten Trial of Wyatt Earp
3721:
1274:
developed a personal culture of their own, a blend of
379:
Hunting wild, ownerless Bulls in Colonial Mexico, 1582
7521:
Early history of food regulation in the United States
5835:
5817:"Traces of Spanish Influence in the Hawaiian Islands"
5058:
American HeritageÂź Dictionary of the English Language
4844:. The Official Website for Gene Autry. Archived from
2123:
was organized to round up and protect the herds from
1830:
is generally believed to be an anglicized version of
1807:
Some cowboys of the California tradition were dubbed
7464:
5842:
Jason Genegabus. Photos by Ken Ige (17 March 2003).
5726:
Florida Cattle Ranching: Five Centuries of Tradition
5509:
Florida Cattle Ranching: Five Centuries of Tradition
5209:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 30.
4585:
4583:
2962:
and horses developed on the east coast, such as the
2027:
to herd or capture cattle. Their primary tools were
1329:
Roy Rogers and Dale Evans at the 61st Academy Awards
427:
Mexican vaquero âtailingâ a bull in the province of
8611:
California Agricultural Labor Relations Act of 1975
6152:. Lyons Press; 1st edition (May 13, 2008). pp. 48.
5875:Rose Kahele. Photos by Ann Cecil (JuneâJuly 2006).
5868:
4776:
Intimate Matters: A History of Sexuality in America
882:, from the 18th century to the early 20th century.
336:
at times, and a rustler is a synonym for desperadoâ
131:The cowboy has deep historic roots tracing back to
6336:"Bush Hosts the Pope: The Cowboy and the Shepherd"
4890:, University Press of Colorado (2000) p. 95.
4244:
2825:; cowboys have traditionally favored some form of
2604:, water problems, and any other issue of concern.
2000:
976:methods, often re-learning techniques used by the
439:18th century regiment of colonial militiamen from
7419:List of Canadian Pro Rodeo Hall of Fame inductees
5898:"Government of Alberta â About Alberta â History"
4734:, Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press 1961
4580:
4444:, Texas A&M University Press, 2005, pp. 74â75
4401:
4218:(5 ed.). Wadsworth Publishing. p. 379.
3068:; a saddle specially designed to allow horse and
2992:Equipment used to ride a horse is referred to as
2812:. ln modern use, firearms are often carried in a
2620:often specialize in this task only, and some may
1929:in 1836, even more Americans immigrated into the
525:in the Americas since the end of the prehistoric
142:
30:"Ranch hand" redirects here. For other uses, see
8828:
6639:. University of Oklahoma Press, Oklahoma, 1987.
6488:. University of Oklahoma Press, Oklahoma, 1989.
6309:"European press review: Mr. Bush Goes to Europe"
6225:(illustrated ed.), Zed Books, p. 138,
5774:
5466:(1st ed.). University of New Mexico Press.
4346:( ed.). Lexington, Mass. : Heath. pp.
3363:image of Americans abroad. In the late 1950s, a
2685:, though sources from other cultures, including
1760:
6532:Glasrud, Bruce A. and Michael N. Searles, eds.
6501:Myth America: A Historical Anthology, Volume II
6366:Conquerors: The Roots of New World Horsemanship
6218:
5975:Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press 1961
5965:
5929:. Cincinnati: Curta & Jennings. p. 131
5654:. Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press. pp.
5384:. Pg. 90â94. University of Nebraska Press, 1981
5304:"Vaqueros: The First Cowboys of the Open Range"
4682:Ambulo, John. "The Cattle on a Thousand Hills"
4321:. Austin: University of Texas Press, page 143.
4280:"Vaqueros: The First Cowboys of the Open Range"
3831:
3829:
3827:
2624:or train young horses for more than one ranch.
1823:. Elsewhere, the term "cowboy" is more common.
490:, starting with their arrival in what today is
6513:
6474:"The Forgotten Black Cowboys Of The Wild West"
6471:
6458:
6254:Ratnesar, Romesh; Allen, Mike (July 9, 2006).
5534:"Cattle Raising in Spanish Florida, 1513-1763"
4724:
4212:Adler, Philip; Pouwels, Randall (2007-11-30).
2235:brought cattle and sheep in 1793 as a gift to
1819:, parts of California and, less often, in the
1731:" tradition and the "Spanish", "Vaquero", or "
1419:"Cowgirl" redirects here. For other uses, see
383:The origins of the cowboy tradition come from
7450:
7389:National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum
6835:
6666:
6518:. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
6253:
5794:10.2458/azu_rangelands_v22i5_edinger-marshall
4273:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4092:
4090:
4088:
2443:tend to cattle. The herders in the region of
1874:, blending both Spanish and African sources.
812:, older traditions combined with the need to
7399:Professional Bull Riders: Heroes and Legends
6188:
5564:
4427:
4425:
4211:
4060:
3952:
3824:
3284:In the United States, the Canadian West and
1361:. In some cases, the cowboy and the violent
541:ancestry, but a number of uniquely American
8872:Horse-related professions and professionals
7560:Prehistoric agriculture on the Great Plains
6401:Malone, Michael P., and Richard B. Roeder.
5287:
5137:
5135:
5133:
5094:
5092:
5072:"Buckaroos: Views of a Western Way of Life"
4910:. Johnson Publication. May 1984 . pp. 18â19
4695:
4689:
4633:
4631:
3905:
3094:sits low in front of the rider, to which a
2899:is on the small side, generally under 15.2
2841:A stock type horse suitable for cattle work
2667:, and theaters needing livestock handlers.
2155:dogs and bullwhips for controlling cattle.
870:. They caught the mustangs that roamed the
292:
7548:List of food plants native to the Americas
7457:
7443:
6923:List of Professional Bull Riders Champions
6842:
6828:
6673:
6659:
6569:Phillips, Charles; Axlerod, Alan; editor.
6383:Norman: University of Oklahoma Press 1947.
6068:
6059:
6050:
5770:
5768:
5766:
5365:
5325:
5006:
4546:
4544:
4264:
4196:
4085:
1221:. The "Indian Cowboy" is also part of the
557:are now called "wild", but in reality are
8621:Children's Act for Responsible Employment
6888:Australian Professional Rodeo Association
6698:
6680:
6588:. University of North Texas Press, 1990.
6536:(U of Oklahoma Press, 2016). xii, 248 pp.
6334:D.C, Alexander Schwabe (April 16, 2008).
5922:
5792:
5356:
5064:
4966:"Fannie Sperry Made the Ride of Her Life"
4908:Ebony Jr., Black Settlers of the Old West
4422:
4373:The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education
4187:
4001:
3983:North Jersey Highlands Historical Society
3678:
3676:
1602:exhibitions on both sides of the border.
1572:While impractical for everyday work, the
1516:Learn how and when to remove this message
549:of animals that escaped to the wild. The
27:Traditional ranch worker in North America
8569:National Agricultural Statistics Service
7384:National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame
6573:. Simon & Schuster, New York, 1996.
6514:Erickson, John R.; Ellzey, Bill (1980).
6369:. Amigo Publications Inc.; 1st edition.
5775:Edinger-Marshall, Susan (October 2000).
5639:
5620:
5179:
5173:
5130:
5089:
4984:
4750:
4748:
4696:Nodjimbadem, Katie (February 13, 2017).
4667:
4628:
4238:
4133:
4114:
4112:
3955:"The Value Of Growing Up In Agriculture"
3948:
3946:
3890:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3383:society was a slang term for an outlaw.
3367:youth subculture calling themselves the
3230:
3130:
3081:that provides a secure seat. Deep, wide
2983:
2836:
2770:
2637:Support activities for animal production
2629:United States Bureau of Labor Statistics
2583:
2406:
2402:
2379:, was established in 1902. In 1912, the
2316:
2211:. Other theories of word origin suggest
2174:
2162:
2004:
1881:
1793:
1642:
1555:National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame
1541:
1527:
1324:
1252:
1250:-like building with a single open room.
1184:
1123:
1113:
1010:
884:
755:
740:
716:
582:
563:
450:
434:
422:
374:
159:"King of the Plains" postcard, 1898â1924
154:
146:
42:
8892:Western (genre) staples and terminology
8606:Agriculture Risk Protection Act of 2000
8564:United States Department of Agriculture
7526:Indentured servitude in British America
7414:List of ProRodeo Hall of Fame inductees
6898:Canadian Professional Rodeo Association
6097:
6016:Dictionary of American Regional English
5995:
5763:
5707:. University of Central Florida Press.
5570:
5490:. University of Central Florida Press.
5223:
5141:
5098:
5021:
4646:Malone, M., et al. (page number needed)
4541:
4371:"Deadwood Dick and the Black Cowboys".
2796:Firearms: Modern cowboys may utilize a
2349:(and, to a lesser extent, southwestern
669:
14:
8829:
7379:Cheyenne Frontier Days Old West Museum
6953:Women's Professional Rodeo Association
6928:Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association
6599:
6543:. University of Nebraska Press, 1992.
6077:
5752:. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 275.
5531:
5459:
5022:Stewart, Kara L. (November 16, 2004).
4880:
4842:"Gene Autry: Gene Autry's Cowboy Code"
4337:
4331:
4277:
4096:
3673:
3325:United States House of Representatives
2566:which also was strongly influenced by
2467:pastoral population is referred to as
1721:
1282:values that even retained vestiges of
249:, "buckaroo" is used primarily in the
191:. "Cowboy" was first used in print by
128:, perform work similar to the cowboy.
7438:
6823:
6654:
6571:The Encyclopedia of the American West
6486:Historical Atlas of the American West
5814:
5255:
5249:
5202:
5196:
5150:(2). Duke University Press: 151â153.
4900:
4745:
4344:Peoples of Color in the American West
4249:. Stanford University. Archived from
4160:
4109:
4099:"The Earp-Holliday Trial: An Account"
3943:
3862:
3765:
3748:"On the History of the Word "Cowboy""
3220:
2675:Most cowboy attire, sometimes termed
2191:, is also a direct descendant of the
1775:and bordering territories during the
1743:. Today, the various regional cowboy
1565:in 1869. Early photographers such as
721:A significant number of cowboys were
568:Mexican Vaquero herding cattle, 1869.
561:âdescendants of domesticated animals.
236:
220:. Another English word for a cowboy,
183:, meaning "cow", which came from the
6541:Cowgirls: Women of the American West
6195:The Vertigo Years: Europe, 1900â1914
5777:"Hawai'i: The California Connection"
5046:
4774:John D'Emilio and Estelle Freedman;
4364:
4311:
4278:Haeber, Jonathan (August 15, 2003).
3856:
3017:, unless the horse is ridden with a
2139:, Florida, and shipped to market in
2094:. Raids into Spanish Florida by the
1454:adding citations to reliable sources
1425:
654:went north with livestock. In 1598,
271:while going to and from pasture. In
8574:United States Census of Agriculture
6600:Slatta, Richard W. (January 1990).
6403:Montana: A History of Two Centuries
6333:
5986:
5296:
5264:(1). Duke University Press: 51â55.
5107:(1). Duke University Press: 49â51.
2958:ancestry, with influences from the
2353:) by the 1880s. The nearby city of
1894:Ranchero, by Lino Sanchez y Tapia.
332:wrote in his diary, "A cowboy is a
137:European colonizers of the Americas
24:
8775:United Food and Commercial Workers
8679:Agricultural workers mental health
7374:Australian Stockman's Hall of Fame
6440:
6390:. December 2007, pp. 114â135.
4008:Pictorial History of the Wild West
3301:was popularized by the 1991 movie
3209:vests or a neck brace, but use of
2631:collects no figures for âcowboysâ
2171:, at the start of the 20th century
1877:
1815:are still used on occasion in the
1228:Because cowboys ranked low in the
1001:Cattle drives in the United States
47:Cowboys portrayed in Western art.
25:
8903:
8546:Pacific Northwest oyster industry
6484:Beck, Warren A., Haase, Ynez D.;
6083:Agnew, Jeremy. December 2, 2014.
5923:McDougall, John Chantler (1896).
5060:. Houghton Mifflin Company. 2009.
4010:by James D. Horan and Paul Sann,
3719:
3700:Cowgirl Hall of Fame & Museum
3371:based their style and outlook on
3205:may add safety equipment such as
3005:; a Western bridle usually has a
7607:
7466:Agriculture in the United States
7028:Bareback and saddle bronc riding
6938:List of Canadian Rodeo Champions
6436:New York: Harper & Row 1964.
6327:
6301:
6280:
6247:
6238:
6212:
6182:
6162:
6142:
6117:
6029:
6008:
5941:
5916:
5890:
5808:
5742:
5718:
5697:
5672:
5633:
5623:The Florida Historical Quarterly
5614:
5593:
4061:Benton-Cohen, Katherine (2009).
3524:Station (Australian agriculture)
2950:bloodstock crossed on horses of
2710:(usually pronounced "shaps") or
1430:
1314:
994:
878:of California, and later in the
820:, often hundreds of miles away.
418:
403:, and later was imported to the
305:, an outlaw identified with the
8760:Farm Labor Organizing Committee
7424:Texas Rodeo Cowboy Hall of Fame
6395:An Album of the American Cowboy
5525:
5501:
5480:
5453:
5427:
5414:
5405:
5396:
5387:
5374:
5334:
5015:
4958:
4941:"Wyoming grants women the vote"
4933:
4913:
4860:
4834:
4825:
4813:
4789:
4768:
4715:
4676:
4658:
4649:
4640:
4619:
4610:
4601:
4592:
4571:
4562:
4553:
4532:
4519:
4510:
4501:
4492:
4483:
4474:
4465:
4456:
4447:
4434:
4395:
4302:
4205:
4154:
4054:
4029:
3971:
3934:
3899:
3614:List of Western fiction authors
3401:magazine referred to President
3379:", which in early 20th century
2001:Florida and the southeastern US
1902:In the 18th century, people in
1605:It was not until the advent of
1441:needs additional citations for
1265:
1036:opened a meat packing plant in
678:-speaking traders and settlers
633:(ranch owners) were ethnically
6624:. ABC-CLIO, California, 1994.
6472:William DeLong (24 Mar 2018).
3799:
3740:
3713:
3557:also known as a "cattle call".
3170:cowboy, and in fact, the term
2573:
2341:settlers, but cowboys such as
2179:Photograph of Hawaiian Paniolo
1270:Over time, the cowboys of the
772:described the country between
658:sent an expedition across the
399:spread throughout much of the
143:Etymology and mainstream usage
13:
1:
6908:Miles City Bucking Horse Sale
6459:Hayley Bartels (3 Oct 2018).
6357:
3624:Western Music (North America)
3236:
2903:(62 inches) tall at the
2808:. Riders may instead carry a
2549:, where ranches are known as
2431:" herd cattle and horses. In
1761:California and Pacific region
474:During the 16th century, the
297:"Cowboy" was used during the
257:, and "cowpuncher" mostly in
8882:Animal husbandry occupations
8780:Woman's Land Army of America
7509:Eastern Agricultural Complex
7494:Ancient Hawaiian aquaculture
6198:. Basic Books. p. 372.
6125:"Legislative Search Results"
5310:. 2010-10-28. Archived from
4945:History: This Day in History
4161:Haley, James Evetts (1977).
4122:. Discover Southeast Arizona
3509:List of Ranches and Stations
3504:List of cowboys and cowgirls
3314:
2568:Australian indigenous people
2019:The Florida "cowhunter" or "
1802:
1180:
1044:. With the expansion of the
980:, particularly those of the
850:who caught, broke and drove
804:and an increased demand for
599:Though popularly considered
7:
8867:Horse history and evolution
7555:Native American in Virginia
5821:Hawaiian Historical Society
5532:Arnade, Charles W. (1961).
5308:National Geographic Society
5078:. Library of Congress. 1980
4245:Exploring the West (2000).
4097:Linder, Douglas O. (2005).
3953:Amanda Radke (2012-05-16).
3842:Online Etymology Dictionary
3620:List of famous Cowboy songs
3441:
3102:
2277:
2221:Hawaiian Historical Society
1414:
615:of northern Mexico and the
572:
361:Gunfight at the O.K. Corral
36:Ranch hand (disambiguation)
10:
8908:
8661:Taylor Grazing Act of 1934
8651:Packers and Stockyards Act
8516:Southwestern United States
7605:
6556:Cowboys: A Vanishing World
6035:Snyder, Jeffrey B. (1997)
6014:Cassidy, Frederic G., ed.
5603:. Floridacrackerhorses.com
4120:"History of Old Tombstone"
3636:Academy of Western Artists
3555:Audition (performing arts)
3420:, "cowboy" can refer to a
3224:
3147:
2977:
2849:
2577:
2203:has no /s/ sound, and all
2158:
2055:for protection from rain.
1989:to get animals to market.
1764:
1418:
1318:
1175:
1117:
1004:
998:
706:had similar contacts with
609:Southwestern United States
576:
512:Southwestern United States
370:
351:The San Francisco Examiner
29:
8788:
8740:
8714:
8694:Genetically modified food
8669:
8631:Food Security Act of 1985
8586:
8554:
8508:
8479:Northern Mariana Islands
7938:genetically modified food
7736:
7716:Connecticut shade tobacco
7616:
7472:
7366:
7300:
7254:
7208:
7157:
7121:
7010:
6961:
6943:Lists of rodeo performers
6880:
6857:
6849:
6689:
6606:. Yale University Press.
6381:The Horse of the Americas
5815:Lyons, Curtis J. (1892).
3632:Western Music Association
3600:Cowboy Artists of America
2845:
2670:
2364:Saddle, Sled and Snowshoe
2312:
2284:Eastern Shore of Virginia
1390:Comanche created problems
100:, specifically tends the
7394:Bull Riding Hall of Fame
6918:Professional Bull Riders
6219:Theodore Trefon (2004),
5949:"Williams Lake Stampede"
5703:Tinsley, Jim Bob. 1990.
5486:Tinsley, Jim Bob. 1990.
5203:Smead, Ronald K (2005).
4992:"Rodeo Events and Women"
4338:Porter, Kenneth (1994).
4284:National Geographic News
3979:"Wanted: Claudius Smith"
3666:
3352:âor, in modern times, a
3143:
2766:
2297:and driving them across
1421:Cowgirl (disambiguation)
1040:, which became known as
748:were Charros who hunted
293:Other historic word uses
261:and surrounding states.
6622:The Cowboy Encyclopedia
6603:Cowboys of the Americas
5750:The Cowboy Encyclopedia
5571:Ekarius, Carol (2008).
5435:"Definition of vaquero"
5342:"Definition of vaquero"
5283:(subscription required)
5190:(subscription required)
5169:(subscription required)
5126:(subscription required)
4819:Heather Cox Richardson
3807:"Definition of cowherd"
3436:fast or careless driver
3386:
3162:(to turn), which means
2973:
2942:developed primarily in
2663:which includes rodeos,
2553:, cowboys are known as
2494:and (with the spelling
2360:John Chantler McDougall
1917:in what would later be
1863:
1851:
1777:Spanish colonial period
395:. This style of cattle
92:traditions of northern
32:Cowboy (disambiguation)
8656:Pure Food and Drug Act
6903:Cheyenne Frontier Days
6478:All That's Interesting
6393:Malone, John William.
5953:Williams Lake Stampede
5849:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
5748:Slatta, R. W. (1996).
5680:"Raid on Gopher Ridge"
5579:. pp. 87â88 119.
5460:Jordan, Terry (2000).
4625:Malone, J., pp. 48â50.
4607:Malone, J., pp. 46â47.
4568:Malone, J., pp. 38â39.
3863:Lubet, Steven (2004).
3778:"Definition of cowboy"
3642:Cowboy action shooting
3582:List of Western movies
3405:'s foreign policy as "
3242:
3140:
2989:
2946:from a combination of
2936:American Quarter Horse
2842:
2776:
2592:
2416:
2372:
2326:
2259:) that knew where the
2229:
2180:
2172:
2064:Florida Cracker cattle
2016:
1899:
1799:
1689:events, including the
1648:
1638:Cheyenne Frontier Days
1550:
1539:
1343:
1334:Heather Cox Richardson
1330:
1262:
1190:
1136:
1104:to take charge of the
1034:Philip Danforth Armour
1020:
897:
765:
753:
738:
729:. Pictured is a black
596:
569:
471:
448:
432:
380:
234:Spanish pronunciation:
160:
152:
55:
8727:California nut crimes
7739:or territory-specific
7404:ProRodeo Hall of Fame
7129:American Bucking Bull
7078:Miniature bull riding
6584:Roach, Joyce Gibson;
6087:, pp. 74. McFarland.
5877:"Way of the Noho Lio"
4848:on September 17, 2010
4404:Ethnic Studies Review
4037:"Results for: cowboy"
3752:JF Ptak Science Books
3234:
3134:
2987:
2840:
2774:
2587:
2410:
2403:Outside North America
2399:Stampede since 1920.
2389:Canadian Finals Rodeo
2387:, Alberta stages the
2368:
2362:, wrote in his book «
2320:
2225:
2178:
2166:
2101:In the 18th century,
2072:Florida Cracker Horse
2008:
1885:
1797:
1653:Madison Square Garden
1646:
1545:
1531:
1338:
1328:
1272:Western United States
1256:
1215:western United States
1188:
1129:Waiting for a Chinook
1127:
1114:End of the open range
1046:meat packing industry
1014:
888:
759:
744:
727:those on trail drives
720:
586:
567:
555:colonial horse breeds
506:, which later became
454:
441:San Miguel de Allende
438:
426:
387:, beginning with the
378:
158:
151:American cowboy, 1887
150:
46:
8852:Western-style riding
7737:State, commonwealth,
7333:Rattlesnake round-up
6379:Denhardt, Robert M.
6364:Bennett, Deb (1998)
6074:Vernam, pp. 394â395.
5538:Agricultural History
5293:Bennett, pp. 362â362
4866:DeArment, Robert K.
4684:The Overland Monthly
3989:on December 28, 2008
3530:Stockman (Australia)
3514:Agricultural fencing
3321:United States Senate
3158:is from the Spanish
2775:Modern Texas cowboys
2096:Province of Carolina
1979:Rocky Mountain Front
1781:MexicanâAmerican War
1754:natural horsemanship
1647:Modern rodeo cowgirl
1630:Fannie Sperry Steele
1578:horse-drawn vehicles
1547:Fannie Sperry Steele
1450:improve this article
1096:, usually pulled by
1017:Great Falls, Montana
1015:Cattle roundup near
798:MexicanâAmerican War
684:MexicanâAmerican War
670:American development
629:regions. While most
498:. The traditions of
8770:United Farm Workers
8616:CapperâVolstead Act
8596:Agricultural policy
7063:Dally ribbon roping
6620:Slatta, Richard W.
6558:. Macmillan, 2001.
6388:National Geographic
6065:Vernam, p. 298â299.
4525:Connell, Ed (1952)
4215:World Civilizations
2470:vaqueiros de alzada
2303:Chincoteague Island
2291:Chincoteague Ponies
2035:, many did not use
1937:culture, borrowing
1722:Regional traditions
1219:Indian reservations
952:to be born of tame
842:Mustang-runners or
808:in the wake of the
429:Baja California Sur
299:American Revolution
78:, traditionally on
8837:American cattlemen
7504:Columbian exchange
7409:Rodeo Hall of Fame
7318:Miss Rodeo America
6962:Culture and people
6913:Pendleton Round-Up
6103:Savage, Williams.
5705:Florida Cow Hunter
5488:Florida Cow Hunter
5034:on January 3, 2011
4831:Malone, J., p. 82.
4721:Malone, J., p. 27.
4673:Malone, J., p. 48.
4637:Malone, J., p. 79.
4616:Malone, J., p. 52.
4598:Malone, J., p. 70.
4589:Malone, J., p. 42.
4538:Malone, J., p. 37.
4527:Hackamore Reinsman
4516:Malone, J., p. 21.
4498:Malone, J., p. 19.
4489:Malone, J., p. 22.
4480:Malone, J., p. 13.
4471:Malone, J., p. 11.
4431:Malone, J., p. 76.
4317:Ford, J.S., 1963,
4290:on August 16, 2003
4253:on August 18, 2010
3592:Frederic Remington
3549:In art and culture
3519:Livestock branding
3243:
3221:In popular culture
3141:
3135:A rodeo cowboy in
3027:running martingale
2990:
2843:
2777:
2740:Boss of the Plains
2593:
2419:The necessity for
2417:
2327:
2305:during the annual
2299:Assateague Channel
2181:
2173:
2167:Loading cattle at
2115:American Civil War
2039:, instead using a
2017:
2014:Frederic Remington
1983:Continental Divide
1954:American Civil War
1927:Texas independence
1900:
1800:
1657:Pendleton Round-Up
1649:
1551:
1540:
1331:
1263:
1257:Cowboys playing a
1195:American Civil War
1191:
1137:
1042:Armour and Company
1030:American Civil War
1021:
898:
876:San Joaquin Valley
810:American Civil War
766:
754:
739:
597:
570:
472:
449:
433:
381:
365:Earp Vendetta Ride
363:and the resulting
322:Tombstone, Arizona
315:Westchester County
313:bands operated in
161:
153:
56:
8877:American folklore
8821:
8820:
8646:Grain Futures Act
8521:Black Dirt Region
7432:
7431:
7301:Affiliated events
7241:Straw man (dummy)
7048:Chuckwagon racing
6817:
6816:
6432:Vernam, Glenn R.
6425:Rickey, Don, Jr.
6420:978-0-295-97129-2
6288:"Cowboy Builders"
6244:Malone, J. p. 58.
6232:978-1-84277-491-5
6205:978-0-7867-2670-7
6178:978-0-8160-5699-6
6158:978-1-59921-271-5
6113:978-0-8061-1920-5
6093:978-0-7864-7839-2
6001:Rickey, Don, Jr.
5904:on April 18, 2008
5735:978-0-9860337-0-4
5684:explorenaples.com
5644:, Cattleman, and
5586:978-1-60342-036-5
5577:Storey Publishing
5518:978-0-9860337-0-4
5473:978-0-8263-1422-2
5216:978-0-8061-3631-8
5028:Horse Illustrated
5024:"The Vaquero Way"
4929:978-0-87842-468-9
4919:Michno, Gregory.
4896:978-1-55238-019-2
4876:978-0-8061-4076-6
4664:Malone, J., p. 8.
4655:Malone, J., p. 7.
4559:Malone, J., p. 6.
4550:Malone, J., p. 5.
4141:"Skeleton Canyon"
4024:978-0-600-03103-1
3876:978-0-300-11527-7
3682:Malone, J., p. 1.
3562:Rhinestone Cowboy
3449:American Old West
3269:. Actors such as
3247:Buffalo Bill Cody
2700:; a large cotton
2439:guard horses and
2427:, riders called "
2295:Assateague Island
2215:was derived from
2201:Hawaiian language
2068:Pineywoods cattle
1923:Stephen F. Austin
1888:Ranchero de Texas
1846:derives, through
1821:Pacific Northwest
1586:Charles Goodnight
1526:
1525:
1518:
1500:
1321:Western lifestyle
1088:night to prevent
1068:, which then was
900:Large numbers of
893:of a round-up in
846:were cowboys and
790:Valentin Canalizo
680:expanded westward
656:Don Juan de Oñate
547:natural selection
482:and domesticated
458:(1828). The term
456:âCharro Mexicanoâ
401:Iberian Peninsula
238:[baËkeÉŸo]
179:was derived from
171:was derived from
163:The English word
135:and the earliest
16:(Redirected from
8899:
8722:Adulterated food
8704:Ogallala Aquifer
7611:
7482:African-American
7459:
7452:
7445:
7436:
7435:
7358:Wild cow milking
7292:Jineteada gaucha
7267:Australian rodeo
7033:Breakaway roping
6994:Stock contractor
6893:Calgary Stampede
6871:History of rodeo
6844:
6837:
6830:
6821:
6820:
6675:
6668:
6661:
6652:
6651:
6617:
6554:Nicholson, Jon.
6539:Jordan, Teresa;
6529:
6516:Panhandle Cowboy
6481:
6468:
6455:
6434:Man on Horseback
6351:
6350:
6348:
6346:
6331:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6320:
6305:
6299:
6298:
6296:
6295:
6284:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6273:
6268:on July 16, 2006
6264:. Archived from
6251:
6245:
6242:
6236:
6235:
6216:
6210:
6209:
6186:
6180:
6166:
6160:
6146:
6140:
6139:
6137:
6135:
6129:www.congress.gov
6121:
6115:
6101:
6095:
6081:
6075:
6072:
6066:
6063:
6057:
6054:
6048:
6033:
6027:
6012:
6006:
5999:
5993:
5990:
5984:
5973:The Cattle Kings
5971:Atherton, Lewis
5969:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5959:
5945:
5939:
5938:
5936:
5934:
5920:
5914:
5913:
5911:
5909:
5900:. Archived from
5894:
5888:
5887:
5872:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5861:
5852:. Archived from
5839:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5828:
5812:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5801:
5796:
5772:
5761:
5746:
5740:
5739:
5722:
5716:
5701:
5695:
5694:
5692:
5690:
5676:
5670:
5669:
5637:
5631:
5630:
5618:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5608:
5597:
5591:
5590:
5568:
5562:
5561:
5529:
5523:
5522:
5505:
5499:
5484:
5478:
5477:
5457:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5446:
5441:. Dictionary.com
5431:
5425:
5418:
5412:
5409:
5403:
5400:
5394:
5391:
5385:
5378:
5372:
5369:
5363:
5360:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5349:
5344:. Dictionary.com
5338:
5332:
5329:
5323:
5322:
5320:
5319:
5314:on June 30, 2005
5300:
5294:
5291:
5285:
5284:
5281:
5253:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5242:
5227:
5221:
5220:
5200:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5177:
5171:
5170:
5167:
5139:
5128:
5127:
5124:
5096:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5083:
5068:
5062:
5061:
5050:
5044:
5043:
5041:
5039:
5030:. Archived from
5019:
5013:
5010:
5004:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4988:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4962:
4956:
4955:
4953:
4951:
4937:
4931:
4917:
4911:
4904:
4898:
4884:
4878:
4864:
4858:
4857:
4855:
4853:
4838:
4832:
4829:
4823:
4817:
4811:
4803:; 2001; p. 308;
4793:
4787:
4772:
4766:
4752:
4743:
4732:The Cattle Kings
4730:Atherton, Lewis
4728:
4722:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4693:
4687:
4680:
4674:
4671:
4665:
4662:
4656:
4653:
4647:
4644:
4638:
4635:
4626:
4623:
4617:
4614:
4608:
4605:
4599:
4596:
4590:
4587:
4578:
4575:
4569:
4566:
4560:
4557:
4551:
4548:
4539:
4536:
4530:
4523:
4517:
4514:
4508:
4505:
4499:
4496:
4490:
4487:
4481:
4478:
4472:
4469:
4463:
4460:
4454:
4451:
4445:
4440:C. Allan Jones,
4438:
4432:
4429:
4420:
4419:
4399:
4393:
4392:
4375:(22): 30. 1998.
4368:
4362:
4361:
4335:
4329:
4319:Rip Ford's Texas
4315:
4309:
4308:Malone J., p. 3.
4306:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4286:. Archived from
4275:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4258:
4242:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4209:
4203:
4202:Denhardt, p. 20.
4200:
4194:
4191:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4116:
4107:
4106:
4101:. Archived from
4094:
4083:
4082:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4047:
4033:
4027:
4005:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3994:
3985:. Archived from
3975:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3950:
3941:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3903:
3897:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3833:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3774:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3744:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3692:
3683:
3680:
3573:Drugstore Cowboy
3438:on the highway.
3407:Cowboy diplomacy
3241:
3238:
3113:four-wheel drive
2988:A western saddle
2872:, also serve as
2687:Native Americans
2661:Spectator sports
2588:Cattle drive in
2415:of Hungary, 1846
2411:A csikĂłs in the
2393:British Columbia
2381:Calgary Stampede
2377:Raymond Stampede
2347:southern Alberta
2323:Calgary Stampede
2233:George Vancouver
2148:Texas tick fever
2041:McClellan saddle
2010:A Cracker Cowboy
1707:endurance riding
1634:Calgary Stampede
1580:. Following the
1521:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1501:
1499:
1458:
1434:
1426:
1378:American Indians
1351:Native Americans
1230:social structure
1210:American Indians
1199:African-American
1070:Indian Territory
908:or a completely
735:Pocatello, Idaho
648:Native Americans
355:ranchers. Other
277:Developing World
240:
235:
49:The Herd Quitter
21:
8907:
8906:
8902:
8901:
8900:
8898:
8897:
8896:
8827:
8826:
8824:
8822:
8817:
8784:
8755:Convict leasing
8750:Bracero Program
8736:
8710:
8671:
8665:
8588:
8582:
8556:
8550:
8504:
8407:Virgin Islands
8337:South Carolina
7738:
7732:
7612:
7603:
7592:Native American
7543:New World crops
7487:Black land loss
7468:
7463:
7433:
7428:
7362:
7296:
7287:Deporte de lazo
7262:Acoso y derribo
7250:
7231:Mechanical bull
7204:
7153:
7117:
7103:Steer wrestling
7006:
6957:
6876:
6862:Main articles:
6853:
6848:
6818:
6813:
6685:
6679:
6614:
6526:
6446:
6443:
6441:Further reading
6360:
6355:
6354:
6344:
6342:
6332:
6328:
6318:
6316:
6315:. June 14, 2001
6307:
6306:
6302:
6293:
6291:
6286:
6285:
6281:
6271:
6269:
6252:
6248:
6243:
6239:
6233:
6217:
6213:
6206:
6187:
6183:
6167:
6163:
6148:Owen, James P.
6147:
6143:
6133:
6131:
6123:
6122:
6118:
6102:
6098:
6082:
6078:
6073:
6069:
6064:
6060:
6056:Vernam, p. 297.
6055:
6051:
6034:
6030:
6013:
6009:
6000:
5996:
5991:
5987:
5970:
5966:
5957:
5955:
5947:
5946:
5942:
5932:
5930:
5921:
5917:
5907:
5905:
5896:
5895:
5891:
5873:
5869:
5859:
5857:
5856:on 24 June 2008
5840:
5836:
5826:
5824:
5813:
5809:
5799:
5797:
5773:
5764:
5747:
5743:
5736:
5724:
5723:
5719:
5702:
5698:
5688:
5686:
5678:
5677:
5673:
5666:
5638:
5634:
5619:
5615:
5606:
5604:
5599:
5598:
5594:
5587:
5569:
5565:
5530:
5526:
5519:
5507:
5506:
5502:
5485:
5481:
5474:
5458:
5454:
5444:
5442:
5433:
5432:
5428:
5419:
5415:
5410:
5406:
5401:
5397:
5392:
5388:
5379:
5375:
5371:Bennett, p. 126
5370:
5366:
5362:Vernam, p. 289.
5361:
5357:
5347:
5345:
5340:
5339:
5335:
5331:Bennett, p. 363
5330:
5326:
5317:
5315:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5292:
5288:
5282:
5258:American Speech
5254:
5250:
5240:
5238:
5235:Merriam-Webster
5229:
5228:
5224:
5217:
5201:
5197:
5189:
5178:
5174:
5168:
5144:American Speech
5140:
5131:
5125:
5101:American Speech
5097:
5090:
5081:
5079:
5070:
5069:
5065:
5052:
5051:
5047:
5037:
5035:
5020:
5016:
5012:Bennett, p. 125
5011:
5007:
4997:
4995:
4990:
4989:
4985:
4975:
4973:
4972:. June 12, 2006
4964:
4963:
4959:
4949:
4947:
4939:
4938:
4934:
4918:
4914:
4906:Lewis, Mary C.
4905:
4901:
4886:Carter, Sarah,
4885:
4881:
4865:
4861:
4851:
4849:
4840:
4839:
4835:
4830:
4826:
4818:
4814:
4794:
4790:
4773:
4769:
4753:
4746:
4729:
4725:
4720:
4716:
4706:
4704:
4694:
4690:
4681:
4677:
4672:
4668:
4663:
4659:
4654:
4650:
4645:
4641:
4636:
4629:
4624:
4620:
4615:
4611:
4606:
4602:
4597:
4593:
4588:
4581:
4576:
4572:
4567:
4563:
4558:
4554:
4549:
4542:
4537:
4533:
4524:
4520:
4515:
4511:
4506:
4502:
4497:
4493:
4488:
4484:
4479:
4475:
4470:
4466:
4461:
4457:
4452:
4448:
4439:
4435:
4430:
4423:
4400:
4396:
4381:10.2307/2998819
4370:
4369:
4365:
4358:
4336:
4332:
4316:
4312:
4307:
4303:
4293:
4291:
4276:
4265:
4256:
4254:
4243:
4239:
4230:
4228:
4226:
4210:
4206:
4201:
4197:
4193:Vernam, p. 190.
4192:
4188:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4159:
4155:
4146:
4144:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4125:
4123:
4118:
4117:
4110:
4095:
4086:
4079:
4059:
4055:
4045:
4043:
4035:
4034:
4030:
4006:
4002:
3992:
3990:
3977:
3976:
3972:
3963:
3961:
3951:
3944:
3940:Draper, p. 121.
3939:
3935:
3908:American Speech
3904:
3900:
3896:Vernam, p. 294.
3895:
3891:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3861:
3857:
3847:
3845:
3835:
3834:
3825:
3815:
3813:
3805:
3804:
3800:
3790:
3788:
3776:
3775:
3766:
3756:
3754:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3731:
3729:
3718:
3714:
3704:
3702:
3694:
3693:
3686:
3681:
3674:
3669:
3610:Western fiction
3596:Charles Russell
3546:
3537:Singing cowboys
3444:
3389:
3317:
3297:. This type of
3239:
3229:
3227:Western (genre)
3223:
3213:in lieu of the
3152:
3146:
3105:
3025:, often with a
3009:and long split
2982:
2976:
2854:
2848:
2769:
2736:John B. Stetson
2673:
2582:
2576:
2405:
2315:
2280:
2161:
2117:that a unit of
2090:and markets in
2037:Western saddles
2003:
1880:
1878:Texas tradition
1805:
1773:Alta California
1769:
1763:
1724:
1697:events such as
1607:Wild West shows
1522:
1511:
1505:
1502:
1459:
1457:
1447:
1435:
1424:
1417:
1347:Wild West shows
1323:
1317:
1268:
1183:
1178:
1122:
1116:
1078:Wichita, Kansas
1054:Abilene, Kansas
1009:
1003:
997:
672:
581:
575:
421:
373:
295:
247:Rocky Mountains
233:
145:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8905:
8895:
8894:
8889:
8884:
8879:
8874:
8869:
8864:
8862:Cowboy culture
8859:
8854:
8849:
8844:
8839:
8819:
8818:
8816:
8815:
8814:
8813:
8808:
8798:
8792:
8790:
8786:
8785:
8783:
8782:
8777:
8772:
8767:
8762:
8757:
8752:
8746:
8744:
8738:
8737:
8735:
8734:
8732:Cattle raiding
8729:
8724:
8718:
8716:
8712:
8711:
8709:
8708:
8707:
8706:
8696:
8691:
8689:Farmer suicide
8686:
8684:Climate change
8681:
8675:
8673:
8667:
8666:
8664:
8663:
8658:
8653:
8648:
8643:
8638:
8633:
8628:
8623:
8618:
8613:
8608:
8603:
8598:
8592:
8590:
8584:
8583:
8581:
8580:
8579:
8578:
8577:
8576:
8560:
8558:
8552:
8551:
8549:
8548:
8543:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8523:
8518:
8512:
8510:
8506:
8505:
8503:
8502:
8501:
8500:
8495:
8487:
8486:
8485:
8477:
8476:
8475:
8467:
8466:
8465:
8457:
8456:
8455:
8450:
8440:
8439:
8438:
8432:West Virginia
8430:
8429:
8428:
8423:
8415:
8414:
8413:
8405:
8404:
8403:
8398:
8390:
8389:
8388:
8383:
8375:
8374:
8373:
8365:
8364:
8363:
8355:
8354:
8353:
8345:
8344:
8343:
8335:
8334:
8333:
8328:
8320:
8319:
8318:
8313:
8303:
8302:
8301:
8291:
8290:
8289:
8284:
8276:
8275:
8274:
8266:
8265:
8264:
8256:
8255:
8254:
8246:
8245:
8244:
8237:North Carolina
8234:
8233:
8232:
8227:
8222:
8214:
8213:
8212:
8207:
8197:
8196:
8195:
8190:
8182:
8181:
8180:
8174:New Hampshire
8172:
8171:
8170:
8165:
8157:
8156:
8155:
8147:
8146:
8145:
8140:
8132:
8131:
8130:
8125:
8117:
8116:
8115:
8107:
8106:
8105:
8097:
8096:
8095:
8090:
8085:
8077:
8076:
8075:
8070:
8064:Massachusetts
8062:
8061:
8060:
8055:
8045:
8044:
8043:
8038:
8033:
8025:
8024:
8023:
8021:Louisiana wine
8015:
8014:
8013:
8003:
8002:
8001:
7993:
7992:
7991:
7981:
7980:
7979:
7969:
7968:
7967:
7962:
7954:
7953:
7952:
7942:
7941:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7915:
7914:
7913:
7905:
7904:
7903:
7898:
7893:
7883:
7882:
7881:
7876:
7868:
7867:
7866:
7861:
7851:
7850:
7849:
7844:
7834:
7833:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7807:
7806:
7805:
7800:
7792:
7791:
7790:
7785:
7777:
7776:
7775:
7770:
7765:
7755:
7754:
7753:
7742:
7740:
7734:
7733:
7731:
7730:
7725:
7720:
7719:
7718:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7693:
7688:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7668:
7663:
7658:
7656:Christmas tree
7653:
7648:
7647:
7646:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7620:
7618:
7614:
7613:
7606:
7604:
7602:
7601:
7600:
7599:
7594:
7584:
7583:
7582:
7572:
7567:
7562:
7557:
7552:
7551:
7550:
7540:
7539:
7538:
7533:
7523:
7518:
7517:
7516:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7490:
7489:
7478:
7476:
7470:
7469:
7462:
7461:
7454:
7447:
7439:
7430:
7429:
7427:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7370:
7368:
7364:
7363:
7361:
7360:
7355:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7325:
7323:Miss Rodeo USA
7320:
7315:
7310:
7304:
7302:
7298:
7297:
7295:
7294:
7289:
7284:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7264:
7258:
7256:
7252:
7251:
7249:
7248:
7246:Western saddle
7243:
7238:
7233:
7228:
7223:
7218:
7212:
7210:
7206:
7205:
7203:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7161:
7159:
7155:
7154:
7152:
7151:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7131:
7125:
7123:
7119:
7118:
7116:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7083:Mutton busting
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7014:
7012:
7008:
7007:
7005:
7004:
7003:Women in rodeo
7001:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6965:
6963:
6959:
6958:
6956:
6955:
6950:
6948:List of rodeos
6945:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6884:
6882:
6878:
6877:
6875:
6874:
6867:
6858:
6855:
6854:
6847:
6846:
6839:
6832:
6824:
6815:
6814:
6812:
6811:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6690:
6687:
6686:
6681:Mounted stock
6678:
6677:
6670:
6663:
6655:
6649:
6648:
6635:Ward, Fay E.;
6633:
6618:
6612:
6597:
6582:
6567:
6552:
6537:
6530:
6525:978-0803218031
6524:
6511:
6497:
6482:
6469:
6456:
6454:. 29 Aug 2020.
6442:
6439:
6438:
6437:
6430:
6423:
6398:
6391:
6384:
6377:
6359:
6356:
6353:
6352:
6340:Spiegel Online
6326:
6300:
6279:
6246:
6237:
6231:
6211:
6204:
6181:
6168:Watts, Linda.
6161:
6141:
6116:
6096:
6076:
6067:
6058:
6049:
6028:
6007:
5994:
5985:
5964:
5940:
5915:
5889:
5867:
5834:
5807:
5762:
5741:
5734:
5717:
5696:
5671:
5664:
5632:
5613:
5592:
5585:
5563:
5544:(3): 116â124.
5524:
5517:
5500:
5479:
5472:
5452:
5426:
5413:
5404:
5395:
5386:
5380:Terry Jordan.
5373:
5364:
5355:
5333:
5324:
5295:
5286:
5270:10.2307/453613
5248:
5222:
5215:
5195:
5172:
5156:10.2307/455216
5129:
5113:10.2307/455339
5088:
5063:
5045:
5014:
5005:
4983:
4957:
4932:
4912:
4899:
4879:
4859:
4833:
4824:
4812:
4809:978-0415924702
4788:
4767:
4744:
4723:
4714:
4688:
4675:
4666:
4657:
4648:
4639:
4627:
4618:
4609:
4600:
4591:
4579:
4577:Malone, p. 40.
4570:
4561:
4552:
4540:
4531:
4518:
4509:
4507:Malone, p. 18.
4500:
4491:
4482:
4473:
4464:
4462:Malone, p. 10.
4455:
4446:
4433:
4421:
4394:
4363:
4356:
4330:
4310:
4301:
4263:
4237:
4224:
4204:
4195:
4186:
4173:
4153:
4132:
4108:
4105:on 2016-02-05.
4084:
4078:978-0674032774
4077:
4053:
4028:
4000:
3970:
3942:
3933:
3920:10.2307/455216
3914:(2): 151â153.
3898:
3889:
3875:
3855:
3823:
3811:Dictionary.com
3798:
3786:Dictionary.com
3782:Dictionary.com
3764:
3739:
3712:
3684:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3663:
3657:
3638:
3616:
3602:
3588:Earl W. Bascom
3584:
3568:
3558:
3551:
3550:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3403:George W. Bush
3388:
3385:
3316:
3313:
3275:western movies
3267:Village People
3222:
3219:
3211:safety helmets
3172:working cowboy
3148:Main article:
3145:
3142:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3066:Western saddle
3063:
3060:Saddle blanket
3057:
3054:
3048:
2998:and includes:
2978:Main article:
2975:
2972:
2888:and have good
2847:
2844:
2835:
2834:
2820:
2804:attached to a
2794:
2788:
2768:
2765:
2757:
2756:
2749:
2743:
2729:
2715:
2705:
2672:
2669:
2575:
2572:
2557:and ringers, (
2404:
2401:
2314:
2311:
2279:
2276:
2241:Kamehameha III
2160:
2157:
2129:Gulf of Mexico
2082:officials and
2076:cattle ranches
2047:, others wore
2002:
1999:
1981:, east of the
1952:Following the
1879:
1876:
1804:
1801:
1762:
1759:
1723:
1720:
1695:Western riding
1567:Evelyn Cameron
1524:
1523:
1438:
1436:
1429:
1416:
1413:
1316:
1313:
1267:
1264:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1170:packing plants
1115:
1112:
1100:, and a horse
1062:Jesse Chisholm
1058:Chisholm Trail
999:Main article:
996:
993:
974:horse training
970:horse trainers
962:horse breaking
836:Rocky Mountain
778:Corpus Christi
704:Santa Fe Trail
671:
668:
577:Main article:
574:
571:
420:
417:
393:medieval Spain
372:
369:
330:George Parsons
303:Claudius Smith
294:
291:
193:Jonathan Swift
144:
141:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8904:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8887:Texas culture
8885:
8883:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8873:
8870:
8868:
8865:
8863:
8860:
8858:
8855:
8853:
8850:
8848:
8847:Equestrianism
8845:
8843:
8840:
8838:
8835:
8834:
8832:
8825:
8812:
8809:
8807:
8804:
8803:
8802:
8799:
8797:
8794:
8793:
8791:
8787:
8781:
8778:
8776:
8773:
8771:
8768:
8766:
8763:
8761:
8758:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8747:
8745:
8743:
8739:
8733:
8730:
8728:
8725:
8723:
8720:
8719:
8717:
8713:
8705:
8702:
8701:
8700:
8697:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8685:
8682:
8680:
8677:
8676:
8674:
8668:
8662:
8659:
8657:
8654:
8652:
8649:
8647:
8644:
8642:
8639:
8637:
8634:
8632:
8629:
8627:
8624:
8622:
8619:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8609:
8607:
8604:
8602:
8599:
8597:
8594:
8593:
8591:
8585:
8575:
8572:
8571:
8570:
8567:
8566:
8565:
8562:
8561:
8559:
8557:organizations
8553:
8547:
8544:
8542:
8539:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8529:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8517:
8514:
8513:
8511:
8507:
8499:
8496:
8494:
8491:
8490:
8488:
8484:
8481:
8480:
8478:
8474:
8471:
8470:
8468:
8464:
8461:
8460:
8458:
8454:
8451:
8449:
8446:
8445:
8444:
8441:
8437:
8434:
8433:
8431:
8427:
8424:
8422:
8419:
8418:
8416:
8412:
8409:
8408:
8406:
8402:
8399:
8397:
8394:
8393:
8391:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8378:
8376:
8372:
8369:
8368:
8366:
8362:
8359:
8358:
8356:
8352:
8349:
8348:
8347:South Dakota
8346:
8342:
8339:
8338:
8336:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8323:
8322:Rhode Island
8321:
8317:
8314:
8312:
8309:
8308:
8307:
8304:
8300:
8297:
8296:
8295:
8292:
8288:
8285:
8283:
8280:
8279:
8277:
8273:
8270:
8269:
8267:
8263:
8260:
8259:
8257:
8253:
8250:
8249:
8248:North Dakota
8247:
8243:
8240:
8239:
8238:
8235:
8231:
8228:
8226:
8223:
8221:
8218:
8217:
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8211:
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8129:
8126:
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8114:
8111:
8110:
8108:
8104:
8101:
8100:
8098:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
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8080:
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8074:
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8019:
8018:
8016:
8012:
8009:
8008:
8007:
8004:
8000:
7997:
7996:
7994:
7990:
7987:
7986:
7985:
7982:
7978:
7975:
7974:
7973:
7970:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7957:
7955:
7951:
7948:
7947:
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7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7920:
7919:
7916:
7912:
7909:
7908:
7906:
7902:
7899:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7888:
7887:
7884:
7880:
7877:
7875:
7872:
7871:
7869:
7865:
7862:
7860:
7857:
7856:
7855:
7852:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7839:
7838:
7835:
7831:
7828:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7812:
7811:
7808:
7804:
7801:
7799:
7796:
7795:
7793:
7789:
7786:
7784:
7781:
7780:
7778:
7774:
7771:
7769:
7766:
7764:
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7760:
7759:
7756:
7752:
7749:
7748:
7747:
7744:
7743:
7741:
7735:
7729:
7726:
7724:
7721:
7717:
7714:
7713:
7712:
7709:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7699:
7697:
7694:
7692:
7689:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7672:
7669:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7645:
7642:
7641:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7621:
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7615:
7610:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7589:
7588:
7585:
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7578:
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7576:
7573:
7571:
7568:
7566:
7563:
7561:
7558:
7556:
7553:
7549:
7546:
7545:
7544:
7541:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7528:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7515:
7514:Three Sisters
7512:
7511:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7499:Cattle drives
7497:
7495:
7492:
7488:
7485:
7484:
7483:
7480:
7479:
7477:
7475:
7471:
7467:
7460:
7455:
7453:
7448:
7446:
7441:
7440:
7437:
7425:
7422:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7371:
7369:
7367:Halls of Fame
7365:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7313:Hog-dog rodeo
7311:
7309:
7306:
7305:
7303:
7299:
7293:
7290:
7288:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7277:Chilean rodeo
7275:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7259:
7257:
7255:International
7253:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7227:
7224:
7222:
7219:
7217:
7214:
7213:
7211:
7207:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7195:Western shirt
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7162:
7160:
7156:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7139:Bucking horse
7137:
7135:
7132:
7130:
7127:
7126:
7124:
7120:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7053:Chute dogging
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7023:Barrel racing
7021:
7019:
7016:
7015:
7013:
7009:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6984:Cowboy poetry
6982:
6980:
6979:Country music
6977:
6975:
6974:Cowboy church
6972:
6970:
6967:
6966:
6964:
6960:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
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6909:
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6904:
6901:
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6889:
6886:
6885:
6883:
6879:
6873:
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6865:
6860:
6859:
6856:
6852:
6845:
6840:
6838:
6833:
6831:
6826:
6825:
6822:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6691:
6688:
6684:
6676:
6671:
6669:
6664:
6662:
6657:
6656:
6653:
6646:
6645:0-8061-2051-7
6642:
6638:
6634:
6631:
6630:0-87436-738-7
6627:
6623:
6619:
6615:
6609:
6605:
6604:
6598:
6595:
6594:0-929398-15-7
6591:
6587:
6583:
6580:
6579:0-02-897495-6
6576:
6572:
6568:
6565:
6564:0-333-90208-4
6561:
6557:
6553:
6550:
6549:0-8032-7575-7
6546:
6542:
6538:
6535:
6531:
6527:
6521:
6517:
6512:
6510:
6509:1-881089-97-5
6506:
6502:
6498:
6495:
6494:0-8061-2193-9
6491:
6487:
6483:
6479:
6475:
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6466:
6462:
6457:
6453:
6449:
6445:
6444:
6435:
6431:
6428:
6424:
6421:
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6413:
6412:0-295-97129-0
6409:
6405:
6404:
6399:
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6389:
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6376:
6375:0-9658533-0-6
6372:
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6094:
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6080:
6071:
6062:
6053:
6046:
6045:0-7643-0211-6
6042:
6038:
6032:
6025:
6024:0-674-20511-1
6021:
6017:
6011:
6004:
5998:
5989:
5982:
5981:0-8032-5759-7
5978:
5974:
5968:
5954:
5950:
5944:
5928:
5927:
5919:
5903:
5899:
5893:
5885:
5884:Vol. 9, No. 3
5883:
5878:
5871:
5855:
5851:
5850:
5845:
5838:
5822:
5818:
5811:
5795:
5790:
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5782:
5778:
5771:
5769:
5767:
5759:
5758:0-393-31473-1
5755:
5751:
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5727:
5721:
5714:
5713:0-8130-0985-5
5710:
5706:
5700:
5685:
5681:
5675:
5667:
5665:1-56164-003-4
5661:
5657:
5653:
5652:
5647:
5643:
5636:
5629:(4): 407â431.
5628:
5624:
5617:
5602:
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5555:
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5493:
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4784:9780226923802
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4761:
4757:
4751:
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4740:0-8032-5759-7
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4221:
4217:
4216:
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4157:
4143:. Ghost Towns
4142:
4136:
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4100:
4093:
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4080:
4074:
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4016:0-600-03103-9
4013:
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3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3628:Western swing
3625:
3621:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3606:Cowboy poetry
3603:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3583:
3580:("Western"),
3579:
3578:Western movie
3575:
3574:
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3563:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3548:
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3487:
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3475:
3472:
3470:
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3465:
3464:Cowboy church
3462:
3460:
3459:Black cowboys
3457:
3455:
3454:American West
3452:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3439:
3437:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3414:British Isles
3410:
3408:
3404:
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3399:
3393:
3384:
3382:
3378:
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3366:
3362:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3350:soda fountain
3348:
3342:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3326:
3322:
3319:In 2005, the
3312:
3310:
3309:Billy Crystal
3306:
3305:
3304:City Slickers
3300:
3296:
3291:
3290:guest ranches
3287:
3282:
3280:
3276:
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3254:
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3118:horse trailer
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2999:
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2971:
2969:
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2960:Arabian horse
2957:
2956:Iberian horse
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2938:, which is a
2937:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
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2723:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2693:contributed.
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2679:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
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2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2455:) are called
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2414:
2409:
2400:
2398:
2397:Williams Lake
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2371:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2324:
2321:Rider at the
2319:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2301:into pens on
2300:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2285:
2275:
2273:
2268:
2266:
2265:Kamehameha II
2262:
2258:
2254:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2228:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2177:
2170:
2165:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2088:St. Augustine
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2015:
2011:
2007:
1998:
1995:
1990:
1988:
1987:cattle drives
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1948:
1947:Great Britain
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1904:Spanish Texas
1897:
1893:
1889:
1884:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1796:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1768:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1719:
1716:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1677:
1676:barrel racing
1673:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1645:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1556:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1534:
1533:Rodeo Cowgirl
1530:
1520:
1517:
1509:
1506:December 2022
1498:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1467: â
1466:
1462:
1461:Find sources:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1439:This section
1437:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1384:units of the
1383:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1355:Western films
1352:
1348:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1327:
1322:
1315:Popular image
1312:
1309:
1303:
1301:
1300:cattle drives
1297:
1293:
1289:
1288:individualism
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1187:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1158:cattle drives
1155:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1002:
995:Cattle drives
992:
990:
985:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
945:
943:
939:
935:
931:
926:
924:
920:
915:
912:state on the
911:
907:
903:
896:
892:
887:
883:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
840:
837:
831:
829:
825:
824:Black cowboys
821:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
763:
758:
751:
747:
743:
736:
732:
728:
724:
719:
715:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
642:, many early
641:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
619:
614:
610:
606:
602:
595:, circa 1830s
594:
590:
589:roping cattle
585:
580:
566:
562:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:Conquistadors
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
446:
442:
437:
430:
425:
419:Spanish roots
416:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
377:
368:
366:
362:
358:
353:
352:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
290:
287:
281:
278:
274:
270:
266:
265:Equestrianism
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
239:
231:
227:
226:anglicization
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
202:
197:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
157:
149:
140:
138:
134:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
114:South America
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
90:
85:
84:Cattle drives
81:
77:
76:North America
73:
69:
65:
62:is an animal
61:
54:
53:C. M. Russell
50:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
8842:Pastoralists
8823:
8805:
8699:Water supply
8294:Pennsylvania
8109:Mississippi
7634:Blackcurrant
7536:Pennsylvania
7353:Whipcracking
7348:Trick roping
7343:Trick riding
7200:Western wear
7134:Bucking bull
7113:Trail course
7098:Steer roping
7093:Steer riding
7088:Pole bending
6989:Pickup rider
6968:
6869:
6861:
6728:
6636:
6621:
6602:
6586:The Cowgirls
6585:
6570:
6555:
6540:
6533:
6515:
6500:
6485:
6477:
6464:
6451:
6433:
6426:
6402:
6394:
6387:
6380:
6365:
6343:. Retrieved
6339:
6329:
6317:. Retrieved
6312:
6303:
6292:. Retrieved
6282:
6270:. Retrieved
6266:the original
6259:
6249:
6240:
6221:
6214:
6194:
6190:Philipp Blom
6184:
6169:
6164:
6149:
6144:
6132:. Retrieved
6128:
6119:
6104:
6099:
6084:
6079:
6070:
6061:
6052:
6036:
6031:
6010:
6002:
5997:
5988:
5972:
5967:
5956:. Retrieved
5952:
5943:
5931:. Retrieved
5925:
5918:
5906:. Retrieved
5902:the original
5892:
5880:
5870:
5858:. Retrieved
5854:the original
5847:
5837:
5825:. Retrieved
5820:
5810:
5798:. Retrieved
5787:(5): 15â16.
5784:
5780:
5749:
5744:
5725:
5720:
5704:
5699:
5687:. Retrieved
5683:
5674:
5650:
5645:
5641:
5635:
5626:
5622:
5616:
5605:. Retrieved
5595:
5572:
5566:
5541:
5537:
5527:
5508:
5503:
5487:
5482:
5462:
5455:
5443:. Retrieved
5438:
5429:
5416:
5407:
5398:
5389:
5381:
5376:
5367:
5358:
5346:. Retrieved
5336:
5327:
5316:. Retrieved
5312:the original
5298:
5289:
5261:
5257:
5251:
5239:. Retrieved
5234:
5225:
5205:
5198:
5185:
5181:
5175:
5147:
5143:
5104:
5100:
5080:. Retrieved
5075:
5066:
5057:
5048:
5036:. Retrieved
5032:the original
5027:
5017:
5008:
4996:. Retrieved
4986:
4974:. Retrieved
4969:
4960:
4948:. Retrieved
4944:
4935:
4920:
4915:
4907:
4902:
4887:
4882:
4867:
4862:
4850:. Retrieved
4846:the original
4836:
4827:
4820:
4815:
4796:
4791:
4786:Page needed.
4775:
4770:
4755:
4742:pp. 241â262.
4731:
4726:
4717:
4705:. Retrieved
4701:
4691:
4683:
4678:
4669:
4660:
4651:
4642:
4621:
4612:
4603:
4594:
4573:
4564:
4555:
4534:
4526:
4521:
4512:
4503:
4494:
4485:
4476:
4467:
4458:
4449:
4441:
4436:
4407:
4403:
4397:
4372:
4366:
4343:
4333:
4318:
4313:
4304:
4292:. Retrieved
4288:the original
4283:
4255:. Retrieved
4251:the original
4240:
4229:. Retrieved
4214:
4207:
4198:
4189:
4178:. Retrieved
4163:
4156:
4145:. Retrieved
4135:
4124:. Retrieved
4103:the original
4063:
4056:
4044:. Retrieved
4040:
4031:
4007:
4003:
3991:. Retrieved
3987:the original
3982:
3973:
3962:. Retrieved
3958:
3936:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3892:
3880:. Retrieved
3865:
3858:
3846:. Retrieved
3840:
3814:. Retrieved
3810:
3801:
3789:. Retrieved
3781:
3755:. Retrieved
3751:
3742:
3730:. Retrieved
3728:(in Spanish)
3725:
3720:Asale, Rae.
3715:
3703:. Retrieved
3699:
3659:Television:
3650:Indian rodeo
3604:Literature:
3571:
3566:Western wear
3542:Transhumance
3429:
3411:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3358:
3343:
3338:cowboy boots
3334:white collar
3330:Western wear
3318:
3302:
3295:wagon trains
3283:
3263:Marlboro Man
3255:
3244:
3199:saddle bronc
3187:
3176:
3171:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3153:
3137:saddle bronc
3122:four-wheeler
3109:pickup truck
3106:
3038:
3034:
3030:
2993:
2991:
2964:Morgan horse
2948:Thoroughbred
2933:
2909:steer roping
2894:
2889:
2874:pack animals
2855:
2827:pocket knife
2814:pickup truck
2784:
2758:
2718:Cowboy boots
2691:mountain men
2682:
2678:Western wear
2676:
2674:
2660:
2636:
2632:
2626:
2618:train horses
2606:
2600:evidence of
2594:
2562:
2558:
2544:
2533:
2519:
2509:
2503:
2495:
2477:
2475:
2468:
2460:
2421:horse riders
2418:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2351:Saskatchewan
2328:
2307:Pony Penning
2281:
2271:
2269:
2250:
2246:
2237:Kamehameha I
2230:
2226:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2187:cowboy, the
2182:
2145:
2119:
2100:
2057:
2018:
2009:
1994:Terry Jordan
1991:
1975:Great Plains
1951:
1934:
1930:
1912:
1901:
1887:
1871:
1843:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1812:
1808:
1806:
1788:
1784:
1770:
1749:
1725:
1711:
1680:
1668:bronc riding
1661:
1650:
1623:
1615:Annie Oakley
1610:
1604:
1597:
1589:
1571:
1559:
1552:
1537:C.M. Russell
1532:
1512:
1503:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1460:
1448:Please help
1443:verification
1440:
1410:
1375:
1344:
1339:
1332:
1304:
1269:
1266:Social world
1246:, usually a
1240:
1227:
1192:
1162:cattle truck
1138:
1133:C.M. Russell
1128:
1105:
1086:
1082:
1050:
1022:
1019:, circa 1890
1007:Cattle towns
986:
981:
977:
946:
927:
899:
872:Great Plains
843:
841:
832:
822:
814:drive cattle
767:
749:
745:
711:
707:
695:
691:
673:
663:
651:
643:
637:
630:
616:
612:
598:
559:feral horses
543:horse breeds
516:
473:
467:
463:
455:
412:
382:
349:
319:
296:
282:
263:
243:Great Plains
229:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
200:
198:
188:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
162:
130:
109:
87:
59:
57:
48:
40:
8672:environment
8555:Government
8531:Cotton Belt
8417:Washington
8306:Puerto Rico
8216:New Mexico
8184:New Jersey
8031:aquaculture
7854:Connecticut
7763:aquaculture
7338:Rodeo queen
7221:Flank strap
7180:Cowboy boot
7149:Stock horse
7108:Team roping
7068:Flag racing
7058:Rodeo clown
7043:Calf roping
7038:Bull riding
6881:Competition
6739:Garrochista
6290:. Channel 5
4702:Smithsonian
4686:March 1887.
4041:Answers.com
3696:"Home Page"
3418:Australasia
3307:, starring
3240: 1899
3203:bull riding
3139:competition
3126:snowmobiles
3087:saddle tree
3051:Martingales
3023:snaffle bit
2940:horse breed
2929:calf roping
2897:stock horse
2852:Stock horse
2702:neckerchief
2574:Modern work
2498:) southern
2459:(singular:
2325:rodeo, 2002
2253:wild cattle
2169:Kailua-Kona
2133:Punta Rassa
2120:Cow Cavalry
2113:during the
2111:Confederacy
1890:â. An 1828
1854:, from the
1817:Great Basin
1672:bull riding
1664:team roping
1371:code duello
1359:stereotypes
1144:overgrazing
1140:Barbed wire
1094:chuck wagon
991:developed.
904:lived in a
880:Great Basin
788:by General
688:New England
346:horse thief
326:The Cowboys
251:Great Basin
8831:Categories
8811:Dude ranch
8670:Health and
8536:Fruit Belt
8357:Tennessee
8099:Minnesota
8017:Louisiana
7810:California
7617:Industries
7580:Sheep wars
7185:Cowboy hat
7073:Goat tying
7018:All-Around
6769:Mesteñeros
6613:0300056710
6358:References
6294:2013-02-28
5958:2022-08-13
5860:15 October
5781:Rangelands
5715:pp. 47â51.
5607:2013-02-28
5318:2013-05-17
5241:August 29,
5231:"Buckaroo"
5082:2010-08-06
4994:. EduWrite
4970:HistoryNet
4410:(20): 30.
4357:0669279137
4257:2010-10-11
4247:"Vaqueros"
4231:2013-02-28
4180:2022-10-26
4174:0806114282
4147:2011-02-07
4126:2011-02-07
3964:2013-02-28
3959:Beef Daily
3661:TV Western
3586:Fine art:
3560:Fashion: "
3494:Gunfighter
3361:archetypal
3271:John Wayne
3225:See also:
3215:cowboy hat
3183:employment
2980:Horse tack
2954:and other
2850:See also:
2831:sheepsfoot
2755:horseback.
2732:Cowboy hat
2590:New Mexico
2578:See also:
2532:, and the
2152:screw-worm
2137:Fort Myers
2131:, such as
2060:flourished
1992:Historian
1956:, vaquero
1939:vocabulary
1931:empresario
1913:empresario
1910:, offered
1765:See also:
1745:traditions
1733:California
1715:horse-show
1687:equestrian
1574:sidesaddle
1476:newspapers
1367:Gene Autry
1363:gunslinger
1319:See also:
1308:Homosexual
1166:stockyards
1120:Open range
1118:See also:
1074:Dodge City
1005:See also:
982:Californio
914:open range
906:semi-feral
891:photochrom
868:California
864:New Mexico
844:Mesteñeros
786:Rio Grande
746:Mesteñeros
692:hacendados
660:Rio Grande
631:hacendados
593:California
553:and other
531:Andalusian
391:system of
255:California
218:cowpuncher
66:who tends
8796:Corn maze
8765:H-2A visa
8626:Farm bill
8541:Rice Belt
8526:Corn Belt
8509:By region
8443:Wisconsin
8392:Virginia
8268:Oklahoma
8149:Nebraska
8119:Missouri
8079:Michigan
7956:Illinois
7870:Delaware
7794:Arkansas
7575:Range war
7328:O-Mok-See
7272:Charreada
7209:Equipment
7144:Corriente
7122:Livestock
6774:Morochuco
6694:Amparador
5933:8 October
5882:Hana Hou!
5827:7 October
5550:0002-1482
5498:pp. 42â3.
5054:"Vaquero"
4998:March 18,
4801:Routledge
4416:1555-1881
3646:Charreada
3422:tradesman
3373:Hollywood
3365:Congolese
3354:bar stool
3347:drugstore
3315:Symbolism
3286:Australia
3154:The word
3045:hackamore
2890:cow sense
2886:neck rein
2858:horseback
2602:predation
2563:jillaroos
2559:jackaroos
2547:Australia
2526:Venezuela
2511:Morochuco
2484:Argentina
2343:John Ware
2335:foothills
2205:syllables
2078:owned by
2029:bullwhips
1965:lines of
1826:The word
1809:buckaroos
1803:Buckaroos
1683:O-Mok-See
1599:charreada
1582:Civil War
1386:U.S. Army
1280:Victorian
1244:bunkhouse
1225:circuit.
1181:Ethnicity
1090:stampedes
942:castrated
818:railheads
802:railroads
762:haciendas
686:in 1848,
627:MichoacĂĄn
611:into the
587:Vaqueros
521:had been
504:New Spain
445:haciendas
311:guerrilla
273:antiquity
199:The term
126:Australia
122:jackaroos
80:horseback
8589:politics
8483:cannabis
8473:cannabis
8459:Wyoming
8421:cannabis
8411:Cannabis
8396:cannabis
8381:cannabis
8377:Vermont
8326:cannabis
8311:Cannabis
8287:cannabis
8220:cannabis
8205:cannabis
8200:New York
8188:cannabis
8163:cannabis
8138:cannabis
8134:Montana
8123:cannabis
8088:cherries
8083:cannabis
8068:cannabis
8053:cannabis
8048:Maryland
8036:cannabis
8006:Kentucky
7960:cannabis
7907:Georgia
7874:cannabis
7859:cannabis
7847:cannabis
7837:Colorado
7820:cannabis
7788:cannabis
7779:Arizona
7768:cannabis
7639:Cannabis
7597:Colonial
7531:Virginia
7308:Hay buck
7170:Bolo tie
7165:Bandanna
7158:Clothing
6809:Wrangler
6804:Vaqueiro
6794:Stockman
6789:Shepherd
6784:Qorilazo
6699:Buckaroo
6465:ABC News
6452:ABC News
6345:July 27,
6319:July 27,
6313:BBC News
6272:July 27,
6192:(2008).
6134:July 28,
6039:. p. 50
6026:(vol I).
5908:July 11,
5823:: 26, 27
5800:21 March
5689:July 27,
5646:Contador
5445:July 27,
5348:July 27,
5192:: 83â90.
5182:Atlantis
5038:July 27,
4976:July 11,
4950:July 11,
4852:July 27,
4294:July 27,
4046:July 11,
3993:July 23,
3882:14 April
3848:July 23,
3837:"cowboy"
3816:July 23,
3791:July 23,
3757:July 23,
3732:July 28,
3705:July 23,
3640:Sports:
3484:Estancia
3442:See also
3381:Parisian
3299:vacation
3251:chivalry
3179:athletes
3103:Vehicles
3083:stirrups
3035:buckaroo
3015:noseband
3007:curb bit
2966:and now-
2833:" blade.
2802:scabbard
2761:hat brim
2698:Bandanna
2683:vaqueros
2665:circuses
2657:chickens
2597:branding
2555:stockmen
2551:stations
2530:Colombia
2492:Paraguay
2465:Asturian
2429:gardians
2425:Camargue
2385:Edmonton
2278:Virginia
2272:noho lio
2231:Captain
2223:, that:
2209:vaqueros
2185:Hawaiian
2150:and the
2107:Seminole
2084:missions
1971:Nebraska
1963:railroad
1844:buckaroo
1836:Buckaroo
1828:buckaroo
1789:buckaroo
1691:Olympics
1619:bloomers
1611:cowgirls
1465:"Cowboy"
1415:Cowgirls
1408:cattle.
1398:Cheyenne
1284:chivalry
1276:frontier
1248:barracks
1202:freedmen
1102:wrangler
1066:Oklahoma
1060:, after
978:vaqueros
958:mustangs
940:calves)
895:Colorado
889:An 1898
874:and the
852:mustangs
848:vaqueros
784:and the
770:Rip Ford
696:vaqueros
664:vaqueros
652:Vaqueros
644:vaqueros
639:criollos
607:and the
601:American
573:Vaqueros
510:and the
488:Americas
405:Americas
397:ranching
389:hacienda
357:synonyms
307:Loyalist
224:, is an
222:buckaroo
206:buckaroo
118:stockmen
110:Cowgirls
98:wrangler
8857:Cowboys
8587:Law and
8278:Oregon
8159:Nevada
7995:Kansas
7972:Indiana
7886:Florida
7825:walnuts
7815:almonds
7746:Alabama
7711:Tobacco
7696:Spinach
7686:Poultry
7587:Slavery
7474:History
6999:Vaquero
6799:Vaquero
6779:Paniolo
6764:Llanero
6744:Gardian
6709:Campino
6704:Buttero
6683:herders
5983:p. 243.
5656:118â139
5642:Criolla
5558:3740622
4389:3650843
4348:158â167
3618:Music:
3499:Herding
3479:Vaquero
3474:Jarocho
3431:Cowboys
3426:plumber
3265:to the
3164:roundup
3031:vaquero
3019:tiedown
2968:extinct
2952:mustang
2925:cutting
2905:withers
2895:A good
2882:cutting
2722:stirrup
2622:"Break"
2614:terrain
2521:llanero
2488:Uruguay
2463:). The
2461:buttero
2457:butteri
2449:Tuscany
2445:Maremma
2433:Hungary
2355:Calgary
2339:English
2331:Alberta
2282:On the
2261:paddock
2217:pañuelo
2213:Paniolo
2199:. (The
2197:español
2193:vaquero
2189:paniolo
2159:Hawai'i
2080:Spanish
2053:ponchos
2049:brogans
2021:cracker
1958:culture
1935:vaquero
1896:Charros
1872:vaquero
1864:mbakara
1840:bucking
1832:vaquero
1813:vaquero
1785:vaquero
1767:Vaquero
1750:vaquero
1741:Florida
1703:reining
1699:cutting
1590:charras
1563:Wyoming
1490:scholar
1382:cavalry
1176:Culture
1038:Chicago
934:cutting
930:roundup
794:Texians
750:Mesteño
737:, 1903.
731:sheriff
712:vaquero
708:vaquero
700:ranches
676:English
635:Spanish
623:Jalisco
621:of the
613:vaquero
579:Vaquero
551:mustang
539:Arabian
527:ice age
523:extinct
519:equines
496:Florida
486:to the
464:bumpkin
413:vaquero
371:History
334:rustler
230:vaquero
214:cowhand
210:cowpoke
177:Vaquero
173:vaquero
89:vaquero
72:ranches
18:Cowgirl
8806:Cowboy
8489:Texas
8316:Coffee
8027:Maine
7923:coffee
7918:Hawaii
7896:tomato
7758:Alaska
7666:Cotton
7651:Cherry
7624:Banana
7216:Bridle
7011:Events
6969:Cowboy
6754:GulyĂĄs
6749:Gaucho
6734:Csikos
6729:Cowboy
6724:Charro
6719:ChalĂĄn
6714:Chagra
6643:
6628:
6610:
6592:
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6562:
6547:
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4707:6 July
4414:
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3928:455216
3926:
3873:
3722:"vaca"
3570:Film:
3489:Gaucho
3469:Charro
3377:Apache
3207:kevlar
3160:rodear
3096:lariat
3079:cantle
3075:pommel
3043:style
3003:Bridle
2878:roping
2870:burros
2862:Horses
2846:Horses
2810:pistol
2806:saddle
2781:Lariat
2746:Gloves
2712:chinks
2671:Attire
2641:rodeos
2633:per se
2612:, the
2518:, the
2505:chalĂĄn
2502:, the
2500:Brazil
2496:gaĂșcho
2479:gaucho
2441:gulyĂĄs
2437:csikĂłs
2413:puszta
2313:Canada
2070:. The
2045:snakes
2033:lariat
2025:lassos
1967:Kansas
1943:attire
1915:grants
1908:Mexico
1892:Tejano
1856:Ibibio
1852:buckra
1848:Gullah
1737:Hawaii
1693:, and
1609:that "
1594:Mexico
1492:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1463:
1406:rustle
1394:Apache
1296:poetry
1235:Census
1154:Kansas
1149:forage
1107:remuda
1025:tallow
966:bronco
964:, or "
923:calves
902:cattle
856:Mexico
828:slaves
782:Nueces
774:Laredo
618:charro
605:Mexico
508:Mexico
492:Mexico
484:cattle
480:horses
460:Charro
431:, 1762
409:forage
344:, and
342:outlaw
338:bandit
269:donkey
216:, and
201:cowboy
169:cowboy
165:cowboy
106:rodeos
102:horses
94:Mexico
68:cattle
64:herder
60:cowboy
8801:Ranch
8789:Other
8742:Labor
8715:Crime
8469:Guam
8448:dairy
8367:Utah
8258:Ohio
8225:chile
7945:Idaho
7928:sugar
7901:mango
7723:Wheat
7701:Sugar
7676:Dairy
7671:Cider
7282:Coleo
7226:Lasso
7190:Jeans
7175:Chaps
6864:Rodeo
6851:Rodeo
6759:Huaso
5554:JSTOR
5274:JSTOR
5237:. n.d
5160:JSTOR
5117:JSTOR
4385:JSTOR
3924:JSTOR
3667:Notes
3654:Rodeo
3369:Bills
3328:wear
3279:rodeo
3259:ranch
3191:steer
3168:rodeo
3156:rodeo
3150:Rodeo
3144:Rodeo
3070:rider
3040:bosal
3011:reins
2944:Texas
2921:steer
2901:hands
2866:mules
2823:Knife
2798:rifle
2791:Spurs
2785:lasso
2767:Tools
2752:Jeans
2726:spurs
2708:Chaps
2649:goats
2645:sheep
2610:ranch
2580:Ranch
2540:Chile
2535:huaso
2453:Italy
2447:, in
2293:from
2288:feral
2135:near
2125:Union
2103:Creek
1919:Texas
1729:Texas
1626:rodeo
1497:JSTOR
1483:books
1292:songs
1259:craps
1223:rodeo
1131:, by
989:rodeo
954:mares
950:foals
919:brand
910:feral
860:Texas
723:black
646:were
500:Spain
468:yokel
385:Spain
286:ranch
259:Texas
189:vacca
187:word
185:Latin
133:Spain
8498:wine
8493:rice
8463:wine
8453:wine
8436:wine
8426:wine
8401:wine
8386:wine
8371:wine
8361:wine
8351:wine
8341:wine
8331:wine
8299:wine
8282:wine
8272:wine
8262:wine
8252:wine
8242:wine
8230:wine
8210:wine
8193:wine
8178:wine
8168:wine
8153:wine
8143:wine
8128:wine
8113:wine
8103:wine
8093:wine
8073:wine
8058:wine
8041:wine
8011:wine
7999:wine
7989:wine
7984:Iowa
7977:wine
7965:wine
7950:wine
7933:wine
7911:wine
7891:wine
7879:wine
7864:wine
7842:wine
7830:wine
7803:wine
7798:rice
7783:wine
7773:wine
7751:wine
7728:Wine
7691:Rice
7661:Corn
7644:Hemp
7570:Wine
7236:Spur
6641:ISBN
6626:ISBN
6608:ISBN
6590:ISBN
6575:ISBN
6560:ISBN
6545:ISBN
6520:ISBN
6505:ISBN
6490:ISBN
6416:ISBN
6408:ISBN
6371:ISBN
6347:2019
6321:2019
6274:2019
6261:Time
6227:ISBN
6200:ISBN
6174:ISBN
6154:ISBN
6136:2019
6109:ISBN
6089:ISBN
6041:ISBN
6020:ISBN
5977:ISBN
5935:2023
5910:2019
5862:2007
5829:2023
5802:2017
5754:ISBN
5730:ISBN
5709:ISBN
5691:2019
5660:ISBN
5581:ISBN
5546:ISSN
5513:ISBN
5492:ISBN
5468:ISBN
5447:2019
5350:2019
5243:2013
5211:ISBN
5040:2019
5000:2010
4978:2019
4952:2019
4925:ISBN
4892:ISBN
4872:ISBN
4854:2019
4805:ISBN
4780:ISBN
4760:ISBN
4736:ISBN
4709:2019
4412:ISSN
4352:ISBN
4323:ISBN
4296:2019
4220:ISBN
4169:ISBN
4073:ISBN
4048:2019
4020:ISBN
4012:ISBN
3995:2019
3884:2011
3871:ISBN
3850:2019
3818:2019
3793:2019
3759:2019
3734:2019
3707:2019
3416:and
3398:Time
3387:Word
3195:bull
3092:horn
3077:and
2995:tack
2974:Tack
2917:bull
2868:and
2818:ATV.
2689:and
2653:hogs
2627:The
2561:and
2528:and
2516:Peru
2508:and
2183:The
2141:Cuba
2092:Cuba
2066:and
1977:and
1969:and
1941:and
1860:Efik
1858:and
1787:and
1739:and
1705:and
1636:and
1469:news
1400:and
1294:and
1278:and
1261:game
1206:West
1168:and
1098:oxen
1076:and
938:bull
866:and
806:beef
776:and
694:and
625:and
537:and
535:Barb
494:and
253:and
245:and
181:vaca
120:and
116:and
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7706:Tea
7681:Hop
7629:Bee
5789:doi
5266:doi
5152:doi
5109:doi
4377:doi
3916:doi
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3033:or
2927:or
2919:or
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