84:
2509:
2309:
2149:
113:
2589:
2549:
2469:
2429:
2389:
2349:
2269:
2229:
2189:
99:
2629:
1480:(Finch) which was in place on 3 May numbering 27 boats, and tasked with intercepting westbound convoy SC128. The 3rd Support Group destroyers joined the convoy at 0100 2 May, but the fuel situation aboard destroyers became increasingly desperate as weather and frequent course adjustments to avoid icebergs prevented refuelling. At 1400 on the 3rd Gretton was forced to take
1991:
on radar at 0354, observed heavy conning tower damage by searchlight at a range of 100 yards (91 m), and watched the crew detonate scuttling charges and abandon ship. The escorts chose to continue protective patrolling around the convoy rather than attempting rescue of the U-boat crew assumed to
1002:
ONS 5 was just one of the allied convoys at sea at the end of April; also in the
Western Approaches were ON 180, just leaving, and HX 234, just arriving. Approaching the Americas were ONS 4 and ON 179; departing was SC 128, while in mid-Atlantic, due to pass ONS 5 east of Greenland, was SC 127. Two
1936:
enabled the escorts to see while the U-boats could not. Many of the U-boats involved never returned to base to file their reports; so historians still struggle to correlate individual reports of the dozens of ships interacting briefly in no fewer than 24 attempted attacks on the night of 5/6 May.
905:. It saw heavy losses on both sides. However it was almost the last Allied convoy to do so, while losses inflicted on attacking U-boats and U-boat groups became a besetting feature of the campaign; As such it is seen as the point when the tactical and strategic advantage passed to the
2072:
This battle demonstrated that the convoy escorts had mastered the art of convoy protection; the weapons and expertise at their disposal meant that henceforth they would be able not only to protect their charges and repel attack, but also to inflict significant losses on the attacker.
935:. The ships were either in ballast or carrying trade and export goods. The convoy departed Liverpool on 21 April 1943, and would arrive in Halifax three weeks later on 12 May. It was under the command of JK Brook RNR as Convoy Commodore, travelling in the Norwegian freighter
1948:
dropped a pattern of ten depth charges on a submarine seen submerging 700 yards (640 m) ahead, and then moved on to drop a pattern of five depth charges on the second contact which became visible at 900 yards (820 m). Historians suggest the first attack destroyed
1036:
had been deployed to catch SC 127, which had been identified by B-Dienst, but on 26 April SC 127 had slipped through a gap in the line and escaped undetected. Realizing what had happened on 27 April, and aware that a slow west-bound convoy was imminent,
1255:
detected a radar contact at 3,500 yards (3.2 km); and upon closing lost the radar contact, gained an ASDIC contact at 1,500 yards (1.4 km), lost contact at 1,100 yards (1.0 km), and dropped one depth charge. Upon returning to station
1451:
was able to refuel from the convoy oiler when the storm abated briefly on the 30th before the weather again made re-fuelling impossible, and a number of the destroyers became so low on fuel as to throw doubt on whether they could continue. At 2305
2045:
made visual contact at 300 yards (270 m), dropped a pattern of ten depth charges where the U-boat dived, and dropped a second pattern of nine depth charges after regaining contact. Historians suggest these attacks destroyed
2068:
In the course of a week, ONS 5 had been the subject of attacks by a force of over 40 U-boats. With the loss of 13 ships totalling 63,000 tons, the escorts had inflicted the loss of 6 U-boats, and serious damage on 7 more.
1446:
ONS 5 found itself making less than 3 knots headway into a Force 10 gale. The convoy started to be scattered, some ships ending up 30 miles from the convoy, and the escorts were kept busy rounding up stragglers.
1524:
By 4 May the weather had abated to Force 6, and ONS 5 was now making up to 6 knots, though reduced to 30 ships and 7 escorts. The rest were scattered and proceeding independently, including a group of four with
2091:
commented: "This seven day battle, fought against thirty U-boats, is marked only by latitude and longitude, and has no name by which it will be remembered; but it was, in its own way, as decisive as
1168:
cypher being used to transmit instructions to the U-boats. Allied intelligence services were unable to decrypt message traffic until the afternoon of 5 May. The weather moderated enough for
1086:
Merchant ships departing
Liverpool on 21 April 1943 were met by Escort Group B7 at 1400 on the 22nd; and the convoy formed up in high winds and a heavy sea. At 2200, the Polish freighter
3695:
1276:
gained a good ASDIC contact and dropped a pattern of ten depth charges over a visible wake. Two more depth charges were dropped when a weak ASDIC contact was regained at 0045. At 0132
1003:
other east-bound convoys, HX 235 and HX 236, were also in mid-Atlantic, following a southerly route. This accounted for over 350 ships on the move in the north
Atlantic at that time.
1264:
dropped a pattern of ten depth charges; and, while turning for another attack, gained another radar contact. The radar contact disappeared at a range of 3,000 yards (2.7 km).
1260:
detected a radar contact at 2,300 yards (2.1 km); and upon closing sighted a U-boat which dived at 1,100 yards (1.0 km), and appeared on ASDIC at 500 yards (460 m).
1632:
at 1,000 yards (910 m). The conning tower was still visible at a range of 80 yards (73 m); and a pattern of 14 depth charges dropped by eye caused damage requiring
1374:
dropped a single depth charge on a doubtful SONAR contact at 0605 and two more depth charges at 0615 after contact was regained at a range of 1,200 yards (1.1 km).
2056:
had already outlasted its usefulness, and faced mounting losses if the attack continued. Realizing his mistake, Dönitz called off the assault on 6 May and ordered
3690:
210:
1488:
at economical speed (8 knots); and he arrived there with only 4 percent fuel remaining. In
Gretton's absence, command was assumed by Lt-Cdr RE Sherwood, of HMS
1968:
dropped a pattern of ten depth charges as it overran the diving U-boat. A reported slick of oil and debris is believed to have been produced by destruction of
1268:
made no ASDIC contact, but dropped a single depth charge at the estimated diving position before making another radar contact at 4,000 yards (3.7 km). As
1983:
first seen at a range of 200 yards (180 m) while investigating an ASDIC contact, but lost contact after the collision. While pursuing an ASDIC contact,
1665:
was hit by one torpedo at 0103, another at 0110, and a third at 0135. Both U-boats claimed three ships; but modern historians credit the first freighter to
2076:
ONS 5 marked the turning point in the battle of the
Atlantic. Following this action, the Allies inflicted a series of defeats and heavy losses on the
266:
1960:
made a radar contact at 5,200 yards (4.8 km). The U-boat turned away when the range reached 500 yards (460 m) and fired two torpedoes at
1067:
ONS 5 comprised 42 ships and 16 escorts, (though not all were present at the same time); 13 ships were lost in the course of the 7 day engagement.
3685:
2003:
made an ASDIC contact at 800 yards (730 m), and made a hedgehog attack causing two explosions. Historians suggest this attack destroyed
1090:
had to turn back with engine trouble. Station-keeping for the remaining ships became increasingly difficult as weather worsened on the 23rd.
1228:. The U-boats' contact reports alerted Commander Gretton to the presence of U-boats on the convoy's port bow, beam, and quarter and astern.
901:
in World War II. The battle ebbed and flowed over a period of a week, and involved more than 50 Allied ships and their escorts, and over 30
239:
1386:
had also been damaged, and was forced to return to base. The
Admiralty arranged reinforcements for ONS 5 in response to this battle. HMS
203:
1300:
dropped three depth charges on the initial ASDIC contact and ten depth charges when contact was regained at 2,000 yards (1.8 km).
3354:
1116:
on the surface less than an hour later and sank it with depth charges as the U-boat attempted to fight back rather than submerge.
1485:
2041:
was leading the 1st
Support Group to reinforce the convoy escort when it detected a radar contact at 5,300 yards (4.8 km).
1456:
made a radar contact at 3,300 yards (3.0 km) and dropped a single depth charge after the U-boat dived when illuminated by
196:
2138:
1460:. The escorts dropped some random depth charges until dawn, and Admiral Dönitz cancelled the chase on the evening of 1 May.
810:
1304:
regained ASDIC contact at 1,400 yards (1.3 km) and dropped another pattern of ten depth charges. A short time later
1208:
held contact despite being forced to dive three times to avoid approaching aircraft at 1014, 1150 and 1518. By nightfall
261:
948:
1529:, trailing some 80 miles behind the main body. The 1st Support Group sailed from Newfoundland at midday with frigates
1410:. Weather rapidly deteriorated, and the convoy was sailing into a full gale by late afternoon of the 29th. About 1700
3643:
3602:
3583:
3567:
3559:
3538:
2618:
2578:
2538:
2458:
2338:
2258:
2218:
2178:
1015:
605:
1136:
collided on the evening of the 25th as a moderate west-northwest gale reduced convoy speed to two or three knots.
234:
1717:
was sunk, she sent a radio report about sinking a steamship sailing independently; and modern historians assume
1581:, which was damaged in an attack by Canso W, and foundered later while attempting to return to base. The other,
3143:
3092:
3083:
3027:
3018:
2957:
2895:
2886:
2832:
2823:
2767:
2758:
2703:
2694:
2941:
2206:
1863:
1616:
was straggling 6 miles (9.7 km) astern of the convoy, and sank within two minutes of being torpedoed by
944:
2948:
823:
1062:
416:
1920:
counted seven U-boats surfaced in the convoy's path; but ONS 5 was entering the fog formed where the warm
1929:
857:
852:
786:
365:
3655:
249:
1378:
was abandoned and sunk by the escort to prevent discovery of classified documents by German boarders.
1866:
made a firm ASDIC contact 2,200 yards (2.0 km) ahead of her small convoy proceeding separately.
1570:
279:
1932:. Visibility dropped to 1 mile (1.6 km) by 2202 and to 100 yards (91 m) by 0100. British
1407:
1078:
comprised 43 U-boats (though again, not all had been in contact throughout); 6 of these were lost.
999:
for mid-ocean re-fuelling. The convoy was joined by other escort vessels as the battle progressed.
1944:
made a radar contact at 5,100 yards (4.7 km), and a second appeared while closing the first.
1247:
contact at 3,800 yards (3.5 km); and upon closing lost the radar contact, gained a doubtful
805:
511:
421:
244:
3670:
2014:
made an ASDIC contact at 1,200 yards (1.1 km) and subsequently sighted a surfacing U-boat.
409:
3076:
3011:
2879:
2816:
2751:
2687:
2646:
2606:
2566:
2526:
2486:
2446:
2406:
2366:
2326:
2286:
2246:
2166:
2092:
1111:
940:
906:
898:
847:
394:
220:
180:
1350:
was submerged ahead on the convoy at dawn on the 29th. As the convoy passed overhead at 0530,
1120:
was just 10 miles (16 km) ahead of the convoy, though probably unaware of its proximity.
754:
2998:
2930:
2804:
1565:, assembled to catch convoy SC 128, sighted convoy ONS 5 at 2018. Two of the gathering group
749:
739:
697:
573:
533:
521:
336:
774:
769:
764:
477:
1236:
made an unsuccessful depth charge attack after sighting a U-boat on the port bow at 1830.
1148:
joined the convoy with three merchant ships from
Iceland on the 26th while rescue trawler
8:
2741:
2418:
2378:
1713:
was missing from the convoy. No witnesses to her destruction survived the battle. Before
1704:
1698:
779:
3665:
2096:
840:
3639:
3598:
3579:
3563:
3555:
3534:
3126:
3061:
2866:
1871:
610:
499:
484:
2081:
1925:
1855:, which was sunk by aircraft on 15 May while attempting to reach base for repairs.
1103:
952:
916:
707:
588:
301:
256:
2084:. This culminated in Dönitz withdrawing his forces from the North Atlantic arena.
1799:
gained an ASDIC contact at 1,200 yards (1.1 km) within minutes and destroyed
662:
3631:
3611:
2991:
2498:
2298:
2088:
1891:
1660:
932:
2594:
2554:
2474:
2434:
2394:
2354:
2274:
2234:
2194:
1933:
1415:
1239:
Gretton mounted a vigorous defence as the U-boats attacked after dark. At 2000
1165:
894:
800:
55:
3660:
1110:, dropped six depth charges on the swirl of a diving U-boat. Fortress D found
134:
3679:
3107:
3094:
3042:
3029:
2972:
2959:
2910:
2897:
2847:
2834:
2782:
2769:
2718:
2705:
2514:
2314:
2154:
1333:
818:
759:
744:
727:
722:
717:
702:
687:
682:
672:
667:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
600:
583:
568:
558:
553:
489:
460:
430:
404:
399:
389:
384:
372:
1284:
was detected visually and on radar at a range of 1,300 yards (1.2 km).
1041:
was re-configured; the easternmost boats (16 in all) formed the patrol line
2800:
2737:
1476:, with some newcomers to form a new patrol line to the west. This was group
911:
734:
595:
578:
563:
548:
543:
538:
528:
516:
494:
465:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
379:
360:
355:
343:
331:
326:
316:
306:
296:
291:
89:
32:
1157:
1140:
began taking on water and left the convoy on the 26th attempting to reach
1022:(Bluetit) with 30 boats east of Greenland covering the northern route, and
897:
battle surrounding it in May 1943 is regarded as the turning point of the
3621:
1921:
875:
657:
321:
311:
2077:
1457:
1325:
828:
692:
677:
104:
1422:
was slowed to 11 knots by the storm, but joined the convoy at 2300 as
1308:
dropped depth charges on a good ASDIC contact astern of the convoy.
1107:
1011:
969:
958:
928:
1681:
started closing a radar contact illuminated by star shells fired by
188:
1803:
with a pattern of ten depth charges before rescuing survivors from
1406:, of the 3rd Support Group under Capt. J.M. McCoy, RN, sailed from
1320:, were also damaged by these attacks and forced to return to base.
1747:
by 0700 and was detached to take the rescued men to
Newfoundland.
1272:
closed, the U-boat dived at a range of 1,500 yards (1.4 km).
1751:
assumed the role of rescue ship and picked up the survivors from
1628:
on radar at 3,600 yards (3.3 km) and, upon closing, sighted
1430:
obtained an ASDIC contact at 1,100 yards (1.0 km); and both
1141:
902:
131:
1673:. One of the torpedoes passed within 125 yards (114 m) of
2634:
1685:; and both ships dropped depth charges. The gunfire encouraged
883:
118:
1496:
failed just as
Sherwood assumed command of the escort group.
1248:
1244:
1160:
so the trawler could rejoin the convoy. At noon on the 26th,
506:
3576:
U-Boats Destroyed, German submarine losses in the World Wars
1596:
on radar at 3,600 yards (3.3 km) and approached until
1099:
3696:
Naval battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
1608:
with a pattern of 14 depth charges causing damage putting
3396:
3394:
1161:
1600:
dived when the range dropped to 900 yards (820 m).
1006:
Ranged against them were 58 U-boats in 3 patrol lines;
3391:
1354:
rose to periscope depth and launched two torpedoes at
1651:
each launched five torpedoes shortly after midnight.
909:, and ushered in the period known to Nazi Germany's
1763:sighted a surfaced U-boat at 7 miles (11 km).
1585:, was only slightly damaged in attacks by Canso E.
1557:whose fuel state would become critical on the 5th.
1184:on the 27th and a salvage tug from Iceland rescued
16:
Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War
1787:dropped 14 depth charges after the U-boats dived.
1438:dropped depth charges to discourage the U-boats.
3677:
3347:
2585:
2545:
2465:
2425:
2385:
2345:
2265:
2225:
2185:
1573:in separate incidents. One thought to have been
1312:returned to base to repair depth charge damage.
1251:contact, and dropped two depth charges. At 2245
95:
2505:
2305:
2145:
1721:straggled from the convoy and was torpedoed by
1288:launched six torpedoes. The closest one missed
1045:(Starling) to intercept it. At 8am on 28 April
3691:Naval battles of World War II involving Canada
2034:were able to repair damage and remain at sea.
1870:spent 90 minutes making five depth charge and
1835:within the space of a few minutes about 1950.
3355:"Sir Robert Atkinson, businessman – obituary"
1847:rescued survivors from the three ships while
1819:refueled from convoy oilers that afternoon.
1500:also detached to Iceland at 1900 3 May, with
204:
1878:received post-war credit for destruction of
1882:; but later analysis concluded the victim,
1831:were hit by a salvo of four torpedoes from
1577:was sunk; but is now believed to have been
3671:Timeline of Battle of the Atlantic 1943-45
3241:
3239:
1346:maintained contact through the night, and
211:
197:
1516:detached for Newfoundland at 0600 4 May.
1390:was detached from SC127, and destroyers
1152:was standing by the straggling freighter
1098:At 1655 on the 24th, in a moderate gale,
80:
3595:German U-Boat Losses During World War II
2625:
1886:, returned to base after being damaged.
1200:patrol area, and was sighted at 0900 by
1191:
109:
3592:
3236:
2678:
2672:
2129:
2120:
2117:
1426:was attacking a U-boat astern. At 2312
987:. The group also contained 2 trawlers,
927:ONS 5 consisted of 43 ships bound from
3686:North Atlantic convoys of World War II
3678:
2675:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2126:
2123:
2114:
1689:to dive, and the depth charges forced
1659:was hit by two torpedoes at 0104; and
1414:was struck by a wave which filled the
1336:and sunk by aircraft on the same day.
1463:
1292:by about 20 yards (18 m). After
1280:approached a hydrophone contact, and
1156:until the straggler was ordered into
995:as rescue ships, and the fleet oiler
218:
192:
3573:
2107:
1010:(Woodpecker) with 17 boats south of
1964:from its stern tubes while diving.
1911:
1851:made depth charge attacks damaging
1468:On 1 May Dönitz ordered boats from
1026:(Blackbird) with 11 boats, south of
13:
3552:The Allied Convoy System 1939–1945
1382:rescued all but one of the crew.
889:utbound from the British Isles to
14:
3707:
3649:
2022:and dropped two depth charges as
1370:and dropped three depth charges.
1196:On the 28th ONS 5 arrived at the
1056:
1053:quickly gathered for the attack.
3666:ONS-5 - 28 Apr 1943 – 6 May 1943
2627:
2587:
2547:
2507:
2467:
2427:
2387:
2347:
2307:
2267:
2227:
2187:
2147:
1180:to refuel from the escort oiler
111:
97:
82:
3511:
3502:
3493:
3484:
3475:
3466:
3457:
3448:
3439:
3430:
3421:
3412:
3403:
3382:
3373:
3338:
3329:
3320:
3311:
3302:
3293:
3284:
3275:
3266:
3257:
3248:
2656:
1612:out of the battle until 7 May.
3227:
3218:
3209:
3200:
3191:
3182:
3173:
3164:
3155:
3144:Convoy Battles of World War II
3088:N Atlantic, NE of Newfoundland
3023:N Atlantic, NE of Newfoundland
2953:N Atlantic, NE of Newfoundland
2891:N Atlantic, S of Cape Farewell
2828:N Atlantic, NE of Newfoundland
2763:N Atlantic, NE of Newfoundland
1916:As May 5 faded into darkness,
1569:U-boats were attacked by RCAF
1123:
1:
3523:
2063:
1731:picked up 143 survivors from
1030:covering the southern route.
957:. Also in the group were the
939:. The escort was provided by
922:
3082:
3073:
3017:
3010:
2947:
2940:
2885:
2878:
2822:
2815:
2757:
2750:
2736:missing following attack by
2693:
2686:
1504:carrying the survivors from
1063:Convoy ONS 5 order of battle
874:was the 5th of the numbered
141:Escort B7: Cdr Peter Gretton
7:
3137:
3121:
3070:
3056:
3007:
2986:
2937:
2924:
2875:
2861:
2812:
2796:
2747:
2732:
2683:
2642:
2639:
2614:
2602:
2599:
2574:
2562:
2559:
2534:
2522:
2519:
2494:
2482:
2479:
2454:
2442:
2439:
2414:
2402:
2399:
2374:
2362:
2359:
2334:
2322:
2319:
2294:
2282:
2279:
2254:
2242:
2239:
2214:
2202:
2199:
2174:
2162:
2159:
2134:
1930:Grand Banks of Newfoundland
1441:
1093:
1014:on the western side of the
947:, 7 warships under Captain
179:13 ships sunk (63,000
10:
3712:
3661:Convoi ONS 5 at warsailors
3618:Vol II (1956). ISBN (none)
3124:
3087:
3059:
3022:
2989:
2952:
2927:
2890:
2864:
2827:
2799:
2762:
2735:
2698:
2645:
2624:
2617:
2605:
2584:
2577:
2565:
2544:
2537:
2525:
2504:
2497:
2485:
2464:
2457:
2445:
2424:
2417:
2405:
2384:
2377:
2365:
2344:
2337:
2325:
2304:
2297:
2285:
2264:
2257:
2245:
2224:
2217:
2205:
2184:
2177:
2165:
2144:
2137:
1060:
2102:
1843:sank within two minutes.
1081:
1049:sighted ONS 5, and group
230:
168:
145:
139:Convoy Comm: JK Brook RNR
125:
74:
38:
30:
25:
3616:The War at Sea 1939–1945
3436:Gannon (1998) pp.220-221
3427:Gannon (1998) pp.218-220
3418:Gannon (1998) pp.210-214
3409:Gannon (1998) pp.209-210
3400:Gannon (1998) pp.205-206
3379:Gannon (1998) pp.190-196
3344:Gannon (1998) pp.197-201
3326:Gannon (1998) pp.187-189
3308:Gannon (1998) pp.165-166
3299:Gannon (1998) pp.180-183
3290:Gannon (1998) pp.179-180
3281:Gannon (1998) pp.169-174
3233:Gannon (1998) pp.136-138
3149:
2087:The official historian,
2026:attempted to dive. Both
1639:
1519:
1358:. After one torpedo hit
3545:Convoy Escort Commander
1908:rescued the survivors.
1492:. The SONAR set aboard
3593:Niestle, Axel (1998).
3529:Michael Gannon :
3272:Seth (1961) pp.114-121
3263:Seth (1961) pp.110-114
3254:Seth (1961) pp.105-108
1362:on the starboard bow,
941:Mid-Ocean Escort Force
899:Battle of the Atlantic
126:Commanders and leaders
3636:The Atlantic Campaign
3543:Peter Gretton :
3245:Seth (1961) pp.99-105
2990:Ramming, gunfire, by
1669:and the other two to
1192:Battle of 28–29 April
169:Casualties and losses
3550:Arnold Hague :
3224:Seth (1961) pp.94-98
3215:Seth (1961) pp.90-92
3206:Seth (1961) pp.85-88
3188:Seth (1961) pp.83-85
3179:Seth (1961) pp.77-79
2080:, a period known as
1332:was attacked in the
3628:(1961). ISBN (none)
3626:The Fiercest Battle
3578:. Arms and Armour.
3574:Kemp, Paul (1997).
3547:(1964). ISBN (none)
3388:Gannon (1998) p.203
3359:The Daily Telegraph
3335:Gannon (1998) p.186
3317:Gannon (1998) p.187
3197:Gannon (1998) p.127
3104: /
3039: /
2969: /
2907: /
2844: /
2779: /
2715: /
1864:Lieutenant Atkinson
1709:at 0230. At dawn,
1693:to return to base.
1636:to return to base.
1212:had been joined by
951:, in the destroyer
262:Blockade of Germany
181:gross register tons
46:29 April-6 May 1943
3656:ONS 5 at convoyweb
1464:Regrouping 1–3 May
1324:arrived safely at
893:orth America. The
3361:. 2 February 2015
3135:
3134:
3108:52.000°N 45.167°W
3043:52.517°N 44.833°W
2973:52.500°N 45.333°W
2911:53.100°N 45.033°W
2848:52.800°N 45.300°W
2783:54.200°N 44.083°W
2738:Canso flying-boat
2719:52.000°N 38.000°W
2654:
2653:
2108:Allied ships lost
1934:centimetric radar
1655:was hit at 0046;
866:
865:
222:Atlantic campaign
187:
186:
176:7 U-boats damaged
70:
69:
3703:
3608:
3589:
3518:
3515:
3509:
3506:
3500:
3497:
3491:
3488:
3482:
3479:
3473:
3470:
3464:
3461:
3455:
3452:
3446:
3445:Roskill, p. 375.
3443:
3437:
3434:
3428:
3425:
3419:
3416:
3410:
3407:
3401:
3398:
3389:
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3368:
3366:
3351:
3345:
3342:
3336:
3333:
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3318:
3315:
3309:
3306:
3300:
3297:
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3270:
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3255:
3252:
3246:
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3225:
3222:
3216:
3213:
3207:
3204:
3198:
3195:
3189:
3186:
3180:
3177:
3171:
3170:Seth (1961) p.69
3168:
3162:
3161:Seth (1961) p.21
3159:
3119:
3118:
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3114:
3109:
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3100:
3097:
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2597:
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2277:
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2270:
2237:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2197:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2157:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2112:
2111:
1926:Labrador Current
1912:Night of 5–6 May
1104:206 Squadron RAF
257:Northern Barrage
225:
223:
213:
206:
199:
190:
189:
121:
117:
115:
114:
107:
103:
101:
100:
92:
88:
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85:
40:
39:
23:
22:
3711:
3710:
3706:
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3704:
3702:
3701:
3700:
3676:
3675:
3652:
3632:Dan van der Vat
3612:Stephen Roskill
3605:
3586:
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3521:
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3503:
3498:
3494:
3489:
3485:
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3471:
3467:
3462:
3458:
3454:Gannon, p. 239.
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3165:
3160:
3156:
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3140:
3113:52.000; -45.167
3112:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3075:
3048:52.517; -44.833
3047:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3024:
2978:52.500; -45.333
2977:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2954:
2931:HMS Loosestrife
2916:53.100; -45.033
2915:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2853:52.800; -45.300
2852:
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2829:
2788:54.200; -44.083
2787:
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2773:
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2766:
2765:
2764:
2724:52.000; -38.000
2723:
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2659:
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2468:
2466:
2428:
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2388:
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2308:
2306:
2268:
2266:
2228:
2226:
2188:
2186:
2148:
2146:
2110:
2105:
2089:Stephen Roskill
2066:
1924:meets the cold
1914:
1642:
1522:
1466:
1444:
1328:on 11 May, but
1194:
1126:
1100:Flying Fortress
1096:
1084:
1065:
1059:
925:
869:
868:
867:
862:
269:
226:
221:
219:
217:
175:
163:
155:
140:
112:
110:
108:
98:
96:
83:
81:
66:British Victory
58:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3709:
3699:
3698:
3693:
3688:
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3673:
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3663:
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3650:External links
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2135:29 April 1943
2132:
2131:
2128:
2125:
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2119:
2116:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2065:
2062:
1992:have sunk the
1979:collided with
1913:
1910:
1900:was attacking
1729:Northern Spray
1641:
1638:
1521:
1518:
1465:
1462:
1443:
1440:
1193:
1190:
1188:that evening.
1166:Enigma machine
1150:Northern Spray
1125:
1122:
1095:
1092:
1083:
1080:
1061:Main article:
1058:
1057:Ships involved
1055:
993:Northern Spray
924:
921:
895:North Atlantic
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556:
551:
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541:
536:
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526:
519:
514:
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504:
497:
492:
487:
485:2nd Happy Time
482:
469:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
427:
426:
419:
417:Denmark Strait
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302:1st Happy Time
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185:
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177:
174:7 U-boats sunk
171:
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137:
128:
127:
123:
122:
105:United Kingdom
93:
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56:North Atlantic
54:
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3644:0-340-37751-8
3641:
3637:
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3606:
3604:1-85367-352-8
3600:
3597:. Greenhill.
3596:
3591:
3587:
3585:1-85409-515-3
3581:
3577:
3572:
3569:
3568:1-86176-147-3
3565:
3561:
3560:1-55125-033-0
3557:
3553:
3549:
3546:
3542:
3540:
3539:1-85410-588-4
3536:
3532:
3528:
3527:
3514:
3505:
3499:Niestle p.121
3496:
3490:Niestle p.128
3487:
3481:Niestle p.129
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2806:HMS Sunflower
2802:
2801:depth-charged
2792:
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949:Peter Gretton
946:
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806:26 April 1944
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799:
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788:
787:Bay of Biscay
785:
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783:
782:
778:
776:
775:SL 140/MKS 31
773:
771:
770:SL 139/MKS 30
768:
766:
765:SL 138/MKS 28
763:
761:
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756:
753:
751:
750:ONS 20/ON 206
748:
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743:
741:
740:ONS 18/ON 202
738:
736:
733:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
710:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
698:HX 229/SC 122
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
655:
654:
653:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
591:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
524:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
502:
498:
496:
493:
491:
490:Torpedo Alley
488:
486:
483:
481:
480:
476:
475:
474:
473:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
425:
424:
420:
418:
415:
414:
413:
412:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
374:
371:
370:
369:
368:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
353:
352:
351:
345:
342:
340:
339:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
289:
288:
287:
281:
278:
277:
276:
275:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
240:United States
238:
237:
236:
233:
232:
229:
224:
214:
209:
207:
202:
200:
195:
194:
191:
182:
178:
173:
172:
167:
161:
158:
153:
150:
149:
144:
138:
136:
133:
130:
129:
124:
120:
106:
94:
91:
79:
78:
73:
65:
62:
61:
57:
53:
50:
49:
45:
42:
41:
37:
34:
29:
24:
19:
3635:
3625:
3615:
3594:
3575:
3551:
3544:
3530:
3517:Niestle p.65
3513:
3508:Niestle p.77
3504:
3495:
3486:
3477:
3472:Niestle p.78
3468:
3463:Niestle p.46
3459:
3450:
3441:
3432:
3423:
3414:
3405:
3384:
3375:
3363:. Retrieved
3358:
3349:
3340:
3331:
3322:
3313:
3304:
3295:
3286:
3277:
3268:
3259:
3250:
3229:
3220:
3211:
3202:
3193:
3184:
3175:
3166:
3157:
3128:
3077:
3063:
3012:
3000:
2993:
2942:
2929:
2880:
2868:
2817:
2805:
2752:
2688:
2657:U-boats lost
2647:
2619:
2607:
2579:
2567:
2539:
2527:
2500:West Madaket
2499:
2487:
2459:
2447:
2419:
2407:
2380:Bristol City
2379:
2367:
2339:
2327:
2300:West Maximus
2299:
2287:
2259:
2247:
2219:
2207:
2179:
2167:
2139:
2121:Nationality
2093:Quiberon Bay
2086:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2004:
2000:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1939:
1917:
1915:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:West Madaket
1892:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1867:
1859:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1753:Bristol City
1752:
1748:
1745:West Maximus
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1700:Bristol City
1699:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:West Maximus
1661:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1502:Northern Gem
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1467:
1453:
1448:
1445:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1418:with water.
1411:
1408:Newfoundland
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1380:Northern Gem
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1364:Northern Gem
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1329:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1240:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1195:
1185:
1182:British Lady
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:changed the
1153:
1149:
1145:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1127:
1117:
1112:
1097:
1087:
1085:
1075:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:British Lady
996:
992:
989:Northern Gem
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
965:
961:
953:
936:
926:
912:Kriegsmarine
910:
890:
886:
879:
871:
870:
858:7–8 May 1945
853:5–6 May 1945
848:Point Judith
841:
834:
833:
812:
794:
793:
780:
712:
651:
650:
606:27 September
589:
522:
500:
478:
471:
470:
422:
410:
366:
349:
348:
337:
285:
284:
273:
272:
250:St. Lawrence
183: (GRT))
156:
151:
75:Belligerents
33:World War II
26:Convoy ONS 5
18:
3622:Ronald Seth
3111: /
3071:6 May 1943
3046: /
3008:6 May 1943
2976: /
2938:6 May 1943
2914: /
2876:6 May 1943
2851: /
2813:5 May 1943
2786: /
2748:5 May 1943
2742:5 Sqdn RCAF
2722: /
2684:4 May 1943
2676:Casualties
2615:5 May 1943
2575:5 May 1943
2535:5 May 1943
2495:5 May 1943
2455:5 May 1943
2415:5 May 1943
2375:5 May 1943
2335:5 May 1943
2295:5 May 1943
2255:5 May 1943
2215:4 May 1943
2175:4 May 1943
2124:Casualties
2060:to retire.
2028:Loosestrife
1966:Loosestrife
1962:Loosestrife
1958:Loosestrife
1922:Gulf Stream
1858:At midday,
1749:Loosestrife
1549:to replace
1541:and sloops
1416:crow's nest
1243:detected a
1178:Loosestrife
1128:Freighters
1124:25–27 April
981:Loosestrife
811:Capture of
574:Bell Island
523:Connecticut
338:Nordseetour
280:River Plate
135:Karl Dönitz
3680:Categories
3562:(Canada);
3533:( 1998).
3524:References
3365:3 February
3074:N Atlantic
2699:N Atlantic
2140:McKeesport
2078:U-boat Arm
2064:Conclusion
1890:torpedoed
1791:torpedoed
1759:. At 1057
1697:torpedoed
1677:. At 0122
1506:McKeesport
1458:star shell
1376:McKeesport
1360:McKeesport
1356:McKeesport
1326:St Nazaire
1070:Wolfpacks
964:, frigate
923:Background
882:low trade
878:series of
479:Postmaster
411:Rheinübung
159:27 U-boats
154:16 U-Boats
3531:Black May
3127:HMS
3062:HMS
3001:Snowflake
2992:HMS
2867:HMS
2673:Location
2540:Selvistan
2420:Wentworth
2340:Harperley
2082:Black May
2016:Sunflower
2012:Sunflower
1987:detected
1985:Snowflake
1874:attacks.
1837:Selvistan
1821:Selvistan
1797:Sunflower
1795:at 1240.
1779:dived as
1757:Wentworth
1706:Wentworth
1679:Snowflake
1675:Snowflake
1624:detected
1620:at 2237.
1604:punished
1592:detected
1561:of group
1498:Impulsive
1486:St John's
1454:Snowflake
1436:Snowflake
1412:Sunflower
1400:Impulsive
1372:Snowflake
1366:detected
1302:Snowflake
1298:Snowflake
1290:Snowflake
1278:Snowflake
1241:Sunflower
1158:Reykjavík
1108:Benbecula
1012:Greenland
977:Snowflake
973:Sunflower
970:corvettes
959:destroyer
929:Liverpool
917:Black May
781:Stonewall
755:Sept-Îles
708:Black May
611:SG 6/LN 6
267:Gibraltar
245:Caribbean
164:7 escorts
3634: :
3624: :
3614: :
3554:(2000).
3138:See also
2679:Sunk by
2580:Gharinda
2130:Sunk by
2127:Tonnage
2097:the Nile
2037:At 0552
2010:At 0443
1999:At 0406
1975:At 0252
1956:At 0030
1940:At 2309
1928:off the
1872:hedgehog
1825:Gharinda
1741:Harperly
1657:Harperly
1588:At 2220
1508:, while
1442:30 April
1186:Bornholm
1138:Bornholm
1130:Bornholm
1094:24 April
842:Teardrop
801:Lyme Bay
512:27 March
423:Bismarck
235:Americas
162:42 ships
146:Strength
51:Location
31:Part of
3638:(1988).
3129:Pelican
3125:D/c by
3099:45°10′W
3096:52°00′N
3064:Vidette
3060:D/c by
3034:44°50′W
3031:52°31′N
2964:45°20′W
2961:52°30′N
2928:D/c by
2902:45°02′W
2899:53°06′N
2869:Vidette
2865:D/c by
2839:45°18′W
2836:52°48′N
2774:44°05′W
2771:54°12′N
2710:38°00′W
2707:52°00′N
2667:Number
2260:Harbury
2180:Lorient
2043:Pelican
2039:Pelican
2018:rammed
2001:Vidette
1994:Lorient
1946:Vidette
1942:Vidette
1737:Harbury
1719:Lorient
1711:Lorient
1653:Harbury
1622:Vidette
1602:Vidette
1590:Vidette
1543:Pelican
1514:Panther
1402:, and
1396:Panther
1296:dived,
1174:Vidette
1154:Penhale
1146:Vidette
1142:Iceland
1016:Air Gap
962:Vidette
933:Halifax
903:U-boats
884:convoys
590:Laconia
501:Neuland
395:4 April
132:Admiral
90:Germany
3642:
3601:
3582:
3566:
3558:
3537:
2887:IXC/40
2824:IXC/40
2643:1,570
2635:Norway
2632:
2603:5,306
2592:
2563:5,136
2552:
2523:5,565
2512:
2483:5,507
2472:
2460:Dolius
2443:5,212
2432:
2403:2,864
2392:
2363:4,586
2352:
2323:5,561
2312:
2283:5,081
2272:
2243:4,635
2232:
2203:4,737
2192:
2163:6,198
2152:
2103:Losses
1896:while
1827:, and
1815:, and
1805:Dolius
1793:Dolius
1775:, and
1743:, and
1571:Cansos
1547:Sennen
1482:Duncan
1474:Specht
1432:Duncan
1428:Duncan
1274:Duncan
1270:Duncan
1266:Duncan
1262:Duncan
1258:Duncan
1253:Duncan
1230:Duncan
1170:Duncan
1134:Berkel
1088:Modlin
1082:Action
1008:Specht
983:, and
968:, and
954:Duncan
943:group
907:Allies
829:BX 141
819:HX 300
760:ON 207
745:SC 143
728:SC 130
723:SC 129
718:HX 237
703:HX 231
688:HX 228
683:SC 121
673:ON 166
668:SC 118
646:ON 154
641:ON 153
636:ON 144
631:SC 107
626:SL 125
621:HX 212
616:SC 104
601:SC 100
584:ON 127
569:ON 122
559:ON 115
554:ON 113
534:6 June
461:HX 156
431:HX 133
405:HX 126
400:OB 318
390:HX 112
385:OB 293
373:HX 106
367:Berlin
119:Canada
116:
102:
87:
63:Result
3570:(UK).
3150:Notes
3078:U-438
3013:U-630
2994:Oribi
2943:U-125
2881:U-192
2818:U-531
2753:U-638
2689:U-209
2670:Type
2664:Date
2648:U-266
2620:Bonde
2608:U-266
2568:U-266
2528:U-584
2488:U-638
2448:U-358
2408:U-358
2368:U-264
2328:U-264
2288:U-628
2248:U-707
2208:U-125
2168:U-258
2118:Name
2115:Date
2058:Finke
2054:Finke
2048:U-438
2032:U-533
2024:U-533
2020:U-533
2005:U-630
1989:U-125
1981:U-125
1977:Oribi
1970:U-192
1951:U-531
1902:U-358
1888:U-584
1884:U-358
1880:U-192
1853:U-266
1841:Bonde
1833:U-266
1829:Bonde
1813:Oribi
1801:U-638
1789:U-638
1785:Oribi
1781:Oribi
1777:U-634
1773:U-621
1769:U-231
1765:U-223
1761:Oribi
1723:U-125
1715:U-125
1695:U-358
1691:U-270
1687:U-264
1683:Oribi
1671:U-264
1667:U-628
1649:U-628
1645:U-264
1640:5 May
1634:U-732
1630:U-732
1626:U-662
1618:U-707
1610:U-514
1606:U-514
1598:U-514
1594:U-514
1583:U-438
1579:U-209
1575:U-630
1567:Finke
1563:Finke
1559:U-628
1551:Oribi
1520:4 May
1478:Finke
1449:Oribi
1420:Oribi
1388:Oribi
1384:U-258
1368:U-258
1352:U-258
1348:U-258
1344:U-650
1340:U-258
1330:U-528
1322:U-386
1318:U-528
1314:U-386
1310:U-532
1294:U-532
1286:U-532
1282:U-532
1249:ASDIC
1245:radar
1226:U-537
1222:U-528
1218:U-386
1214:U-375
1210:U-650
1206:U-650
1202:U-650
1118:U-710
1113:U-710
1106:from
1102:C of
1076:Finke
1047:U-650
1039:Meise
1034:Meise
1028:Meise
1024:Amsel
1020:Meise
872:ONS 5
824:WEP 3
813:U-505
735:Faith
713:ONS 5
693:UGS 6
663:SG 19
596:SQ 36
579:QS 33
564:SC 94
549:QS 15
544:SL 78
539:HG 84
529:ON 92
517:OG 82
507:ON 67
495:SC 67
466:HG 76
456:SC 48
451:HG 73
446:SC 42
441:OG 71
436:OG 69
380:HG 53
361:SC 20
356:SC 19
344:HX 90
332:HX 84
327:HX 79
317:HX 72
307:HX 65
297:HX 49
292:HX 47
157:Finke
3640:ISBN
3599:ISBN
3580:ISBN
3564:ISBN
3556:ISBN
3535:ISBN
3367:2015
3084:VIIC
3019:VIIC
2999:HMS
2759:VIIC
2695:VIIC
2240:29+
2030:and
1906:Pink
1898:Pink
1876:Pink
1868:Pink
1860:Pink
1849:Offa
1839:and
1817:Offa
1755:and
1647:and
1555:Offa
1553:and
1545:and
1539:Spey
1531:Wear
1527:Pink
1512:and
1510:Penn
1472:and
1470:Star
1434:and
1404:Offa
1392:Penn
1342:and
1316:and
1232:and
1224:and
1198:Star
1176:and
1132:and
1074:and
1072:Star
1051:Star
1043:Star
991:and
985:Pink
937:Rena
835:1945
795:1944
678:UC 1
658:TM 1
652:1943
472:1942
350:1941
322:SC 7
312:SC 2
286:1940
274:1939
152:Star
43:Date
3122:48
3057:47
2987:54
2949:IXC
2925:55
2862:54
2803:by
2797:44
2733:46
2400:15
2360:11
2200:46
2099:."
2095:or
1918:Tay
1845:Tay
1809:Tay
1807:.
1535:Jed
1494:Tay
1490:Tay
1484:to
1424:Tay
1306:Tay
1234:Tay
1162:BdU
966:Tay
931:to
915:as
876:ONS
3682::
3393:^
3357:.
3238:^
2997:,
2740:W/
2640:5
2600:0
2560:6
2520:0
2480:4
2440:5
2320:5
2280:7
2160:1
2050:.
2007:.
1996:.
1972:.
1953:.
1904:.
1823:,
1811:,
1771:,
1767:,
1739:,
1735:,
1725:.
1537:,
1533:,
1398:,
1394:,
1220:,
1216:,
1204:.
1172:,
1144:.
1018:;
975:,
945:B7
919:.
3607:.
3588:.
3369:.
979:,
891:N
887:O
880:S
212:e
205:t
198:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.