71:
222:. A 2018 study analysed six members of a family with inherited pain insensitivity and identified a "novel point mutation in ZFHX2, encoding a putative transcription factor expressed in small diameter sensory neurons", as the cause. As a therapeutic application, the study further discuses how "the ZFHX2 variant and downstream regulated genes associated with a human pain-insensitive phenotype are ... potential novel targets for the development of new analgesic drugs".
211:. She experienced lifelong insensitivity to pain and was oblivious to cuts and burns, did not experience pain during childbirth, did not experience pain from degeneration of a hip that required hip replacement surgery, and did not require analgesics for postoperative pain. Furthermore, she exhibited expedited wound healing and reduced scarring, could not sense heat from
165:). Patients with such mutations are congenitally insensitive to pain and lack other neuropathies. There are three mutations in SCN9A: W897X, located in the P-loop of domain 2; I767X, located in the S2 segment of domain 2; and S459X, located in the linker region between domains 1 and 2. This results in a truncated non-functional protein. Na
215:, did not experience depression, fear, and anxiety and lacked a normal fear response to erratic and aggressive behaviour. However, Cameron also experienced slight memory impairment (was prone to losing the trail of thought while speaking, and experienced some forgetfulness), and could not experience thrill ("adrenaline rush").
74:
73:
78:
77:
72:
79:
76:
80:
61:
and cause. Because feeling physical pain is vital for survival, CIP is an extremely dangerous condition. It is common for people with the condition to die in childhood due to injuries or illnesses going unnoticed. Burn injuries are among the more common injuries.
229:
can include varying degrees of pain insensitivity as a sign. However, since these disorders are characterized by dysfunction of the sensory system in general, autism is not in itself an indicator of congenital insensitivity to pain.
827:
Habib, Abdella M.; Matsuyama, Ayako; Okorokov, Andrei L.; Santana-Varela, Sonia; Bras, Jose T.; Aloisi, Anna Maria; Emery, Edward C.; Bogdanov, Yury D.; Follenfant, Maryne; Gossage, Sam J.; Gras, Mathilde (2018-02-01).
75:
915:
Minett MS, Pereira V, Sikandar S, Matsuyama A, Lolignier S, Kanellopoulos AH, Mancini F, Iannetti GD, Bogdanov YD, Santana-Varela S, Millet Q, Baskozos G, MacAllister R, Cox JJ, Zhao J, Wood JN (December 2015).
103:
Because children and adults with the disorder cannot feel pain, they may not respond to problems, thus being at a higher risk of more severe diseases. Children with this condition often sustain
183:
gene is normally switched on during the development of pain-sensing nerve cells. People with homozygous mutations of the PRDM12 gene experience congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP).
778:
Habib AM, Okorokov AL, Hill MN, Bras JT, Lee MC, Li S, Gossage SJ, van
Drimmelen M, Morena M, Houlden H, Ramirez JD, Bennett DL, Srivastava D, Cox JJ (22 February 2019).
1343:
611:
McDermott LA, Weir GA, Themistocleous AC, Segerdahl AR, Blesneac I, Baskozos G, Clark AJ, Millar V, Peck LJ, Ebner D, Tracey I, Serra J, Bennett DL (March 2019).
129:
Indifference to pain means that the patient can perceive the stimulus, but lacks an appropriate response: they do not flinch or withdraw when exposed to pain.
1742:
203:(FAAH) chromosomal region that is expressed in the brain and dorsal root ganglia together with a common hypomorphic single nucleotide polymorphism in the
2245:
1338:
295:
2552:
1814:
1790:
2437:
1665:
2490:
285:
54:
1747:
2476:
126:
Insensitivity to pain means that the painful stimulus is not even perceived: a patient cannot describe the intensity or type of pain.
1571:
2256:
2153:
720:
245:
allowed a woman with congenital insensitivity to pain to experience it for the first time. Similar effects were observed in Na
2343:
2206:
177:
in such neurons, it is expected that a loss of function mutation in SCN9A leads to abolished nociceptive pain propagation.
2423:
1076:
421:
2358:
2107:
2046:
780:"Microdeletion in a FAAH pseudogene identified in a patient with high anandamide concentrations and pain insensitivity"
455:
399:
354:
97:
2141:
1597:
894:
1900:
1293:
447:
2409:
2404:
1989:
1833:
1454:
478:
Manfredi M, Bini G, Cruccu G, Accornero N, Berardelli A, Medolago L (August 1981). "Congenital absence of pain".
1048:
2517:
2471:
2032:
1828:
1679:
1140:
660:
Chen YC, Auer-Grumbach M, Matsukawa S, Zitzelsberger M, Themistocleous AC, Strom TM, et al. (July 2015).
2393:
2317:
2220:
1843:
1684:
1622:
1260:
49:, is one or more extraordinarily rare conditions in which a person cannot feel (and has never felt) physical
2127:
2018:
1785:
1612:
1226:
151:
2399:
2182:
1564:
918:"Endogenous opioids contribute to insensitivity to pain in humans and mice lacking sodium channel Nav1.7"
2447:
1523:
200:
1917:
746:
261:
It has been estimated to have a worldwide incidence of approximately 1 in every 125 million births.
2567:
2112:
1492:
1090:
346:
1964:
554:
Cox JJ, Reimann F, Nicholas AK, Thornton G, Roberts E, Springell K, et al. (December 2006).
2557:
1838:
1723:
1557:
219:
100:(though not always temperature), and there are generally no detectable physical abnormalities.
93:
441:
385:
2532:
2372:
1538:
1426:
1255:
1055:, November 15, 2012. Profile of Ashlyn Blocker, 13, who has congenital insensitivity to pain.
340:
290:
150:
may be a treatment, but it does not always work. In all cases, this disorder can be in the
1938:
1728:
1449:
929:
567:
8:
491:
269:
170:
1015:
933:
571:
2562:
2452:
2442:
2275:
1203:
1133:
991:
974:
950:
917:
862:
829:
804:
779:
696:
661:
637:
612:
588:
555:
207:
gene was identified as the presumptive cause of congenital analgesia in a woman named
107:
damage both in and around the oral cavity (such as having bitten off the tip of their
2289:
2192:
2117:
2093:
1980:
1528:
1508:
1401:
1101:
1027:
996:
955:
890:
867:
849:
809:
754:
701:
642:
593:
536:
495:
451:
395:
350:
239:
27:
2331:
2236:
2187:
2168:
2122:
2079:
2065:
2051:
1876:
1871:
1857:
1809:
1698:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1366:
1216:
986:
945:
937:
857:
841:
799:
791:
691:
681:
673:
632:
624:
583:
575:
526:
487:
249:
1.7 null mice treated with naloxone. As such, opioid antagonists like naloxone and
174:
2502:
2270:
2251:
2004:
1895:
1890:
1795:
1660:
1617:
1588:
1469:
1436:
1421:
1095:
628:
226:
1763:
1513:
1416:
1283:
1106:
830:"A novel human pain insensitivity disorder caused by a point mutation in ZFHX2"
712:
531:
514:
307:
795:
2572:
2546:
2303:
1580:
1411:
1376:
1328:
1288:
1126:
853:
758:
264:
Congenital insensitivity to pain is found at an abnormally high frequency in
187:
342:
Understanding Pain for Better
Clinical Practice: A Psychological Perspective
218:
Another gene implicated in human pain insensitivity is ZFHX2, which encodes
173:. As these channels are likely involved in the formation and propagation of
2311:
1549:
1323:
1308:
1303:
1031:
1000:
959:
871:
845:
813:
705:
646:
597:
540:
212:
58:
499:
2511:
1533:
1459:
1444:
1406:
1361:
1318:
1313:
1211:
1185:
975:"A Case Report of Congenital Insensitivity to Pain and Anhidrosis (CIPA)"
662:"Transcriptional regulator PRDM12 is essential for human pain perception"
302:
143:
104:
1068:
579:
169:
1.7 channels are expressed at high levels in nociceptive neurons of the
1482:
1396:
1234:
1170:
941:
659:
556:"An SCN9A channelopathy causes congenital inability to experience pain"
312:
250:
208:
196:
686:
1518:
1487:
1477:
1371:
1298:
1278:
1270:
1242:
1193:
1180:
139:
112:
89:
826:
677:
610:
513:
Bennett DL, Clark AJ, Huang J, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD (April 2019).
2384:
1175:
391:
265:
242:
192:
147:
747:"At 71, She's Never Felt Pain or Anxiety. Now Scientists Know Why"
138:
It may be that the condition is caused by increased production of
1247:
426:
Insensitivity to Pain, Congenital, with
Anhidrosis; CIPA - 256800
1084:
1081:
425:
2366:
2325:
2214:
2200:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1932:
1926:
1692:
1673:
1654:
1630:
1606:
273:
180:
158:
116:
108:
914:
2352:
2297:
2283:
2264:
2176:
2135:
2101:
2087:
2073:
2059:
2040:
2026:
2012:
1998:
1884:
1865:
1851:
1822:
1803:
1779:
515:"The Role of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Pain Signaling"
154:
84:
A patient and doctor discuss congenital insensitivity to pain
96:
are otherwise normal; for instance, patients can still feel
2484:
2465:
2461:
2431:
2417:
2162:
1736:
1717:
1149:
477:
50:
887:
Developmental-behavioral
Pediatrics: Evidence and Practice
553:
387:
122:
There are generally two types of non-response exhibited:
1344:
congenital insensitivity to pain with partial anhidrosis
119:
damage due to foreign objects in the eye are also seen.
1118:
512:
53:. The conditions described here are separate from the
777:
1058:
910:
908:
906:
903:
721:"Uncomfortably numb: The people who feel no pain"
2544:
1339:congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis
296:Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis
1016:"Norrbottnian congenital insensitivity to pain"
973:KARIMI, Mehran; LLAH, Razieh FA (Summer 2012).
1565:
1134:
57:group of disorders, which have more specific
1579:
276:, where nearly 40 cases have been reported.
253:may be effective in treating the condition.
286:Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy
1572:
1558:
1141:
1127:
972:
2477:Progressive symmetric erythrokeratodermia
990:
949:
889:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 399.
861:
803:
695:
685:
636:
587:
530:
435:
433:
379:
377:
375:
373:
2491:Clouston's hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
884:
718:
334:
332:
330:
328:
69:
547:
439:
383:
2553:Congenital disorders of nervous system
2545:
2438:Keratitis–ichthyosis–deafness syndrome
2257:Congenital absence of the vas deferens
1049:"The Hazards of Growing Up Painlessly"
744:
430:
370:
338:
1553:
1122:
1013:
325:
65:
492:10.1001/archneur.1981.00510080069010
422:Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
225:Developmental disabilities such as
111:) or fractures to bones. Unnoticed
13:
2108:Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
2047:Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
979:Iranian Journal of Child Neurology
14:
2584:
1042:
2518:Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 2
1906:Congenital insensitivity to pain
1901:Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder
1829:Hypokalemic periodic paralysis 2
1680:Hypokalemic periodic paralysis 1
1334:Congenital insensitivity to pain
1294:Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder
39:Congenital insensitivity to pain
22:Congenital insensitivity to pain
2410:Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
2221:Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis 2
1834:Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis
1685:Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis 1
1020:Acta Orthopaedica. Supplementum
1007:
966:
878:
820:
771:
738:
256:
88:For people with this disorder,
2472:Erythrokeratodermia variabilis
2424:Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease X1
2128:Familial atrial fibrillation 3
2033:Spinocerebellar ataxia type-13
2019:Familial atrial fibrillation 7
1786:Familial hemiplegic migraine 3
1613:Familial hemiplegic migraine 1
784:British Journal of Anaesthesia
653:
604:
506:
471:
415:
1:
2318:Vitelliform macular dystrophy
1844:Potassium-aggravated myotonia
1623:Spinocerebellar ataxia type-6
834:Brain: A Journal of Neurology
443:Pediatric Neuro-Ophthalmology
318:
629:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.01.047
233:
152:voltage-gated sodium channel
7:
2405:Hallermann–Streiff syndrome
2400:Oculodentodigital dysplasia
1965:Pseudohypoaldosteronism 1AR
613:"V1.7 in Human Nociception"
279:
10:
2589:
532:10.1152/physrev.00052.2017
201:fatty acid amide hydrolase
2528:
2501:
2383:
2342:
2235:
2152:
1988:
1979:
1916:
1771:
1762:
1709:
1596:
1587:
1501:
1468:
1435:
1389:
1354:
1269:
1225:
1202:
1163:
1156:
1062:
796:10.1016/j.bja.2019.02.019
719:Costandi M (2015-05-25).
133:
26:
21:
1581:Diseases of ion channels
1148:
347:Elsevier Health Sciences
2183:Andersen–Tawil syndrome
1455:Posteromarginal nucleus
1390:Measurement and testing
1014:Minde JK (April 2006).
745:Murphy H (2019-03-28).
2448:Bart–Pumphrey syndrome
1839:Paramyotonia congenita
1724:Malignant hyperthermia
220:zinc finger homeobox 2
85:
2373:Mucolipidosis type IV
1918:Constitutively active
1539:Drug-seeking behavior
1427:Visual analogue scale
922:Nature Communications
519:Physiological Reviews
480:Archives of Neurology
291:Familial dysautonomia
83:
2304:Osteopetrosis A2, B4
2113:Romano–Ward syndrome
1729:Central core disease
1450:Anterolateral system
846:10.1093/brain/awx326
394:. pp. 118–119.
98:discriminative touch
47:congenital analgesia
1858:Long QT syndrome 10
1051:By Justin Heckert,
934:2015NatCo...6.8967M
885:Wolraich M (2008).
580:10.1038/nature05413
572:2006Natur.444..894C
440:Brodsky MC (2016).
384:Hellier JL (2016).
270:Kiruna Municipality
171:dorsal root ganglia
2453:Vohwinkel syndrome
2443:Ichthyosis hystrix
2332:Bartter syndrome 3
2276:Myotonia congenita
2188:Long QT syndrome 7
2169:Bartter syndrome 2
2123:Long QT syndrome 1
2080:Brugada syndrome 5
2066:Long QT syndrome 6
2052:Long QT syndrome 5
1896:Febrile seizure 3B
1877:Long QT syndrome 3
1872:Brugada syndrome 1
1810:Brugada syndrome 6
1796:Febrile seizure 3A
1699:Brugada syndrome 4
1647:Long QT syndrome 8
1642:Brugada syndrome 3
1529:Philosophy of pain
1204:Respiratory system
942:10.1038/ncomms9967
751:The New York Times
86:
66:Signs and symptoms
2540:
2539:
2231:
2230:
2193:Short QT syndrome
2118:Short QT syndrome
2094:Short QT syndrome
2005:Episodic ataxia 1
1981:Potassium channel
1975:
1974:
1939:Liddle's syndrome
1758:
1757:
1661:Ocular albinism 2
1618:Episodic ataxia 2
1547:
1546:
1402:Cold pressor test
1385:
1384:
1116:
1115:
623:(5): 905–919.e8.
339:Linton S (2005).
240:opioid antagonist
175:action potentials
81:
45:), also known as
36:
35:
16:Medical condition
2580:
2237:Chloride channel
2154:Inward-rectifier
1986:
1985:
1769:
1768:
1637:Timothy syndrome
1594:
1593:
1574:
1567:
1560:
1551:
1550:
1502:Related concepts
1493:Pain eradication
1251:
1238:
1189:
1161:
1160:
1157:By region/system
1143:
1136:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1060:
1059:
1036:
1035:
1011:
1005:
1004:
994:
970:
964:
963:
953:
912:
901:
900:
882:
876:
875:
865:
824:
818:
817:
807:
790:(2): e249–e253.
775:
769:
768:
766:
765:
742:
736:
735:
733:
731:
716:
710:
709:
699:
689:
657:
651:
650:
640:
608:
602:
601:
591:
551:
545:
544:
534:
525:(2): 1079–1151.
510:
504:
503:
475:
469:
468:
466:
464:
437:
428:
419:
413:
412:
410:
408:
381:
368:
367:
365:
363:
336:
146:. In this case,
82:
19:
18:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2568:Channelopathies
2543:
2542:
2541:
2536:
2524:
2497:
2379:
2338:
2271:Thomsen disease
2252:Cystic fibrosis
2227:
2148:
1971:
1912:
1891:Erythromelalgia
1754:
1705:
1589:Calcium channel
1583:
1578:
1548:
1543:
1497:
1464:
1437:Pathophysiology
1431:
1422:Tail flick test
1381:
1350:
1265:
1249:
1236:
1227:Musculoskeletal
1221:
1198:
1187:
1152:
1147:
1117:
1112:
1111:
1071:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1012:
1008:
971:
967:
913:
904:
897:
883:
879:
825:
821:
776:
772:
763:
761:
743:
739:
729:
727:
717:
713:
678:10.1038/ng.3308
666:Nature Genetics
658:
654:
609:
605:
566:(7121): 894–8.
552:
548:
511:
507:
476:
472:
462:
460:
458:
450:. p. 741.
438:
431:
420:
416:
406:
404:
402:
382:
371:
361:
359:
357:
337:
326:
321:
282:
268:, a village in
259:
248:
236:
186:A heterozygous
168:
162:
136:
70:
68:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2586:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2538:
2537:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2507:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2389:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2363:
2362:
2361:
2348:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2290:Dent's disease
2280:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2241:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2158:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2009:
2008:
2007:
1994:
1992:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1922:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1775:
1773:
1766:
1764:Sodium channel
1760:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1602:
1600:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1577:
1576:
1569:
1562:
1554:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1514:Pain tolerance
1511:
1509:Pain threshold
1505:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1441:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1417:Hot plate test
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1284:Pain asymbolia
1281:
1275:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1245:
1240:
1231:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1208:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1145:
1138:
1131:
1123:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1098:
1087:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1063:Classification
1057:
1056:
1053:New York Times
1044:
1043:External links
1041:
1038:
1037:
1006:
965:
902:
895:
877:
840:(2): 365–376.
819:
770:
737:
711:
652:
603:
546:
505:
470:
457:978-1493933846
456:
429:
414:
401:978-1440834172
400:
369:
356:978-0444515919
355:
349:. p. 14.
323:
322:
320:
317:
316:
315:
310:
308:Pain asymbolia
305:
300:
299:
298:
293:
281:
278:
258:
255:
246:
235:
232:
166:
160:
135:
132:
131:
130:
127:
67:
64:
34:
33:
30:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2585:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2558:Rare diseases
2556:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2535:
2534:
2527:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1990:Voltage-gated
1987:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1772:Voltage-gated
1770:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1598:Voltage-gated
1595:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1575:
1570:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1412:Grimace scale
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1378:
1377:Low back pain
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1329:Referred pain
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1289:Pain disorder
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1262:
1261:Delayed-onset
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1164:Head and neck
1162:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1033:
1029:
1026:(321): 2–32.
1025:
1021:
1017:
1010:
1002:
998:
993:
988:
984:
980:
976:
969:
961:
957:
952:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
911:
909:
907:
898:
896:9780323040259
892:
888:
881:
873:
869:
864:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
823:
815:
811:
806:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
774:
760:
756:
752:
748:
741:
726:
722:
715:
707:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
656:
648:
644:
639:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
607:
599:
595:
590:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
550:
542:
538:
533:
528:
524:
520:
516:
509:
501:
497:
493:
489:
486:(8): 507–11.
485:
481:
474:
459:
453:
449:
445:
444:
436:
434:
427:
423:
418:
403:
397:
393:
389:
388:
380:
378:
376:
374:
358:
352:
348:
344:
343:
335:
333:
331:
329:
324:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
297:
294:
292:
289:
288:
287:
284:
283:
277:
275:
271:
267:
262:
254:
252:
244:
241:
231:
228:
223:
221:
216:
214:
213:chili peppers
210:
206:
202:
198:
195:
194:
189:
188:microdeletion
184:
182:
178:
176:
172:
164:
156:
153:
149:
145:
141:
128:
125:
124:
123:
120:
118:
114:
110:
106:
101:
99:
95:
91:
63:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
31:
29:
25:
20:
2533:ion channels
2530:
2510:
2483:
2460:
2430:
2416:
2392:
2365:
2351:
2324:
2310:
2296:
2282:
2263:
2244:
2213:
2199:
2175:
2161:
2134:
2100:
2086:
2072:
2058:
2039:
2025:
2011:
1997:
1957:
1951:
1945:
1931:
1925:
1905:
1883:
1864:
1850:
1821:
1802:
1778:
1735:
1716:
1710:Ligand gated
1691:
1672:
1653:
1629:
1605:
1333:
1324:Phantom pain
1309:Hyperalgesia
1304:Chronic pain
1188:(swallowing)
1186:Odynophagia
1100:
1089:
1075:
1052:
1023:
1019:
1009:
985:(3): 45–48.
982:
978:
968:
925:
921:
886:
880:
837:
833:
822:
787:
783:
773:
762:. Retrieved
750:
740:
728:. Retrieved
725:the guardian
724:
714:
672:(7): 803–8.
669:
665:
655:
620:
616:
606:
563:
559:
549:
522:
518:
508:
483:
479:
473:
461:. Retrieved
442:
417:
405:. Retrieved
386:
360:. Retrieved
341:
272:in northern
263:
260:
257:Epidemiology
237:
224:
217:
204:
191:
185:
179:
137:
121:
102:
87:
46:
42:
38:
37:
2344:TRP channel
1534:Cancer pain
1460:Substance P
1445:Nociception
1407:Dolorimeter
1362:Pelvic pain
1319:Hyperpathia
1314:Hypoalgesia
1235:Arthralgia
1217:Pleurodynia
1212:Sore throat
928:(1): 8967.
303:Hypoalgesia
105:oral cavity
2547:Categories
2531:See also:
1483:Anesthesia
1470:Management
1397:Pain scale
1367:Proctalgia
1271:Neurologic
1171:Eye strain
1102:DiseasesDB
764:2019-03-30
687:2262/75983
319:References
313:Jo Cameron
251:naltrexone
209:Jo Cameron
197:pseudogene
140:endorphins
113:infections
2563:Syndromes
1519:Suffering
1488:Cordotomy
1478:Analgesia
1299:Allodynia
1279:Neuralgia
1243:Bone pain
1194:Toothache
854:1460-2156
759:0362-4331
463:April 13,
407:April 13,
362:April 13,
234:Treatment
94:sensation
90:cognition
32:Neurology
28:Specialty
2385:Connexin
1524:SOCRATES
1250:(muscle)
1248:Myalgia
1176:Headache
1032:16768023
1001:24665272
960:26634308
872:29253101
814:30929760
706:26005867
647:30795902
598:17167479
541:30672368
448:Springer
424:(OMIM):
392:ABC-CLIO
280:See also
266:Vittangi
243:naloxone
193:FAAH-OUT
148:naloxone
1815:GEFS+ 1
1791:GEFS+ 2
1674:CACNA1S
1655:CACNA1F
1631:CACNA1C
1607:CACNA1A
1237:(joint)
1096:D000699
992:3943025
951:4686868
930:Bibcode
863:5837393
805:6676009
730:31 July
697:7212047
638:6424805
589:7212082
568:Bibcode
500:6166287
199:of the
190:in the
142:in the
117:corneal
2367:TRPML1
2326:CLCNKB
2215:KCNJ18
2201:KCNJ11
1959:SCNN1G
1953:SCNN1B
1947:SCNN1A
1933:SCNN1G
1927:SCNN1B
1693:CACNB2
1666:CSNB2A
1085:147430
1082:243000
1030:
999:
989:
958:
948:
893:
870:
860:
852:
812:
802:
757:
704:
694:
645:
635:
617:Neuron
596:
586:
560:Nature
539:
498:
454:
398:
353:
274:Sweden
227:autism
181:PRDM12
134:Causes
109:tongue
2503:Porin
2359:FSGS2
2353:TRPC6
2312:BEST1
2298:CLCN7
2284:CLCN5
2265:CLCN1
2207:TNDM3
2177:KCNJ2
2163:KCNJ1
2142:BFNS1
2136:KCNQ2
2102:KCNQ1
2088:KCNH2
2074:KCNE3
2060:KCNE2
2041:KCNE1
2027:KCNC3
2013:KCNA5
1999:KCNA1
1885:SCN9A
1866:SCN5A
1852:SCN4B
1823:SCN4A
1804:SCN1B
1780:SCN1A
1748:ARVD2
1743:CPVT1
1355:Other
1256:Acute
1107:31214
155:SCN9A
144:brain
59:signs
2573:Pain
2512:AQP2
2485:GJB6
2466:GJB4
2462:GJB3
2432:GJB2
2418:GJB1
2394:GJA1
2246:CFTR
1737:RYR2
1718:RYR1
1372:Back
1181:Neck
1150:Pain
1091:MeSH
1077:OMIM
1028:PMID
997:PMID
956:PMID
891:ISBN
868:PMID
850:ISSN
810:PMID
755:ISSN
732:2015
702:PMID
643:PMID
594:PMID
537:PMID
496:PMID
465:2017
452:ISBN
409:2017
396:ISBN
364:2017
351:ISBN
238:The
205:FAAH
115:and
92:and
55:HSAN
51:pain
987:PMC
946:PMC
938:doi
858:PMC
842:doi
838:141
800:PMC
792:doi
788:123
692:PMC
682:hdl
674:doi
633:PMC
625:doi
621:101
584:PMC
576:doi
564:444
527:doi
488:doi
163:1.7
43:CIP
2549::
1105::
1094::
1080::
1024:77
1022:.
1018:.
995:.
981:.
977:.
954:.
944:.
936:.
924:.
920:.
905:^
866:.
856:.
848:.
836:.
832:.
808:.
798:.
786:.
782:.
753:.
749:.
723:.
700:.
690:.
680:.
670:47
668:.
664:.
641:.
631:.
619:.
615:.
592:.
582:.
574:.
562:.
558:.
535:.
523:99
521:.
517:.
494:.
484:38
482:.
446:.
432:^
390:.
372:^
345:.
327:^
159:Na
2464:/
2455:)
1956:/
1950:/
1930:/
1573:e
1566:t
1559:v
1142:e
1135:t
1128:v
1069:D
1034:.
1003:.
983:6
962:.
940::
932::
926:6
899:.
874:.
844::
816:.
794::
767:.
734:.
708:.
684::
676::
649:.
627::
600:.
578::
570::
543:.
529::
502:.
490::
467:.
411:.
366:.
247:v
167:v
161:v
157:(
41:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.