61:
837:
687:
875:
727:
576:
estimates close to forty percent, of the entire pre-contact population of the continent. It is estimated that some 1,500 European settlers, including women and children – and their
Chinese, Aboriginal, and Melanesian allies – died in frontier skirmishes with Aboriginals in Queensland during the nineteenth century. The casualties among the Aboriginal fighters suffered in these battles with settlers and native police (frequently described by contemporary political leaders and newspapers as "warfare", "a kind of warfare", "guerrilla-like warfare", and at times as a "war of extermination") is estimated to have exceeded 30,000. Others have suggested there were more Aboriginal casualties. The
738:
360:
47:
522:
321:
346:
78:
120:
859:. The issue in the strike was whether employers were entitled to use non-union labour. There were troops and police called in, some sheds were fired, and there were mass riots. There was a second shearers strike in 1894. Union sponsored candidates won sixteen seats at the Queensland elections in 1893. The
1319:
Queensland State
Archive re 11 November 1861 – COL/R2/61/893; 12 November 1861 – COL/R2/61/894; 30 October 1861 – COL/A22/61/2790; Rockhampton Bulletin 29 October 1861; Brisbane Courier 5 November 1861, p2d. Brisbane Courier 9 November 1861, p2c-d; Brisbane Courier 11 November 1861, p2g-3a; Brisbane
575:
Fighting between
Aboriginal people and settlers in colonial Queensland was more bloody than in any other colonial state in Australia, perhaps partly due to Queensland having a larger pre-contact indigenous population than any other colony in Australia, accounting for over one third, and in some
930:
came into effect, whereby all foreign workers in
Australia were deported under the Pacific Island Labourers Act of 1901. At this time between 7,000 and 10,000 Pacific Islanders were living in Queensland. Most of them had been deported by 1908, by which time there were only 1500–2500 remaining.
119:
118:
1329:
Sydney
Morning Herald 7 March 1872; Sydney Morning Herald 11 March 1872; Port Denison Times 28 Mar 1872; Brisbane Courier 4/4/72; Queensland State Archive COL/A172/72/1812; Queenslander 6 April 1872, p9; Sydney Morning Herald 2 February 1874,
790:. Sugar production was by then becoming a major industry. In 1867, six mills produced 168 tons of cane sugar, by 1870 there were 28 mills with a production of 2,854 tons. The production of sugar started around Brisbane, but spread to
1310:; NSWV&P re 26 October 1857; MBC 14 November 1857. Book: Reid, Gordon: A Nest of Hornets: The Massacre of the Fraser family at Hornet Bank Station, Central Queensland, 1857, and related events, Melbourne 1982.
677:
who originally worked for the native police. Brisbane was linked by electric telegraph to Sydney in 1861; however, the first operating telegraph line in
Queensland was from Brisbane to Ipswich in the same year.
694:
Although smaller than the gold rushes of
Victoria and New South Wales, Queensland had its own series of gold rushes in the later half of the nineteenth century. In 1858, gold was discovered at
1320:
Courier 9 December 1861, p3c-d Book: Reid, Gordon: A Nest of
Hornets: The Massacre of the Fraser family at Hornet Bank Station, Central Queensland, 1857, and related events, Melbourne 1982.
518:
reported favourable grazing conditions and decent forests to the north of
Brisbane, which led shortly to the arrival of settlers to Fraser Island and the Cooloola coast region.
580:(sometimes "Native Mounted Police Force"), recruited and deployed by the Queensland government, was a key unit in the war between the new arrivals and the aboriginal fighters.
460:
whose existence Cook had predicted, and proceeded to explore the lower part of it. In
September 1824, he returned with soldiers and established a temporary settlement on the
1344:
969:
islands, getting to within a hundred miles of the Queensland coast. He did not reach the coast because he did not find a passage through the coral reefs, and turned back.
718:
settlers began to arrive in the goldfields, by 1877 there were 17,000 Chinese on Queensland gold fields. In that year restrictions on Chinese immigration were passed.
871:
now sits was first used as a cricket ground in 1895, with the first cricket match played there in December 1896. In 1897, Native (Aboriginal) Police force disbanded.
1019:
was grounded on a coral reef near Cape Tribulation, on 11 June 1770 where he was delayed for almost seven weeks while they repaired the ship. This occurred where
771:, which was the main shopping district and in December, another fire, which was Brisbane's worst ever, wiped out the rest of Queen Street and adjoining streets.
1637:
922:
were brought to Queensland from neighbouring Pacific Island nations to work in the sugar cane fields. Some of whom had been kidnapped under a process known as
1247:Ørsted–Jensen, Robert; Evans, Raymond (20 April 2019). "'I Cannot Say the Numbers that Were Killed': Assessing Violent Mortality on the Queensland Frontier".
583:
The three largest battles between new arrivals and Aborigines in Australian colonial history all took place in Queensland. On 27 October 1857 Martha Fraser's
890:
as the leader, was elected into power only to last one week. In July 1899 Queensland offered to send a force of 250 mounted infantry to help Britain in the
60:
1632:
1505:
1046:
spent six weeks exploring the Queensland coast as far north as Hervey Bay. In 1802 he explored the coast again. On a later trip to England, his ship
1610:
710:'s explorations in North Queensland lead to several goldfields being developed in the late 1860s. In 1872, William Hann discovers gold on the
821:
association was made at the Exchange hotel in Brisbane. The same year Queensland's population passed the 250,000 mark. In 1887, the Brisbane-
584:
222:
1446:
1417:
833:, and others being constructed around Maryborough, Mackay, and Townsville. By 1888, there were more than 5 million cattle in Queensland.
1366:
635:
on 10 December 1859 whereupon Queensland was formally separated from New South Wales. Bowen became the first Governor of Queensland and
987:, naming eastern Australia "New South Wales". This included the present Queensland. Cook charted the Australian east coast in his ship
673:, which failed to find them, did some exploratory work of their own, in central and north-western Queensland. Notably among these was
1132:
1453:'. Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. 1972. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
947:
on the western shore of Cape York. His arrival was the first recorded encounter between European and Australian Aboriginal people.
1340:
806:
became the Governor of Queensland. The first meat processed in the state occurred at Queensport along the Brisbane River in 1881.
646:
Queensland was the only Australian colony that commenced immediately with its own parliament, instead of first spending time as a
514:
ceased, culminating in the closure of the Brisbane penal settlement. In 1842, the free settlement was permitted. In the same year
1102:
799:
1032:
786:
gazetted as a town in the same year. In 1867, the Queensland Constitution was consolidated from existing legislation under the
1293:
836:
1555:
1539:
1489:
1266:
686:
1585:
874:
848:
1000:
1401:
1058:, at a distance of 750 miles (1,210 km), where the Governor sent ships back to rescue the crew from Wreck Reef.
802:
become the Governor of Queensland. The first record of a rugby match played in Queensland occurred in 1876. In 1877,
954:, a Spanish explorer may have sighted the Queensland coast at the tip of Cape York. In that year, he had sailed the
46:
1464:
726:
980:
628:
1509:
1642:
1177:
1155:
962:
814:
465:
737:
895:
825:
railway line was opened, and in 1888 there was a 483-mile (777 km) line opened between Brisbane and
674:
599:
near Springsure was attacked by Aborigines on 17 October 1861, killing 19 people including the grazier
66:
910:. The cyclone claimed the lives of around 400 people, making it Queensland's worst maritime disaster.
1607:
864:
711:
588:
326:
654:). By this time, Western Australia was the only Australian colony without a responsible government.
1067:
779:
624:
577:
570:
245:
749:
1862 saw Queensland's western boundary changed from longitude 141° E to 138°E. In 1863, the first
1443:
1082:
868:
826:
822:
730:
612:
477:
276:
1228:: – A series of articles and letters Reprinted from the ‘Queenslander’ (Brisbane, December 1880)
1421:
927:
907:
903:
856:
852:
768:
640:
1252:
951:
1370:
1072:
1054:
ran aground on a coral reef off the Queensland coast. Flinders set off for Sydney in an open
830:
803:
449:
430:
151:
507:
29:
1128:
611:, on 26 February a total of 14 European survivors were massacred by local Aborigines. The
8:
1077:
1028:
1023:
now lies, on the Endeavour River, both places named after the incident. On 22 August the
984:
879:
860:
841:
775:
663:
655:
538:
461:
96:
521:
1297:
972:
791:
742:
608:
592:
554:
414:
353:
52:
1106:
1535:
1397:
1248:
1171:
992:
988:
944:
810:
699:
445:
418:
111:
1043:
899:
759:
715:
707:
631:
signed Letters Patent to form the colony of Queensland. A proclamation was read by
546:
386:
1559:
1211:
Aboriginal History Monograph 21, September 2010 (Edited by Frances Peters-Little,
1129:"Cooloola Recreation Area, Great Sandy National Park: Nature, culture and history"
1614:
1581:
1493:
1487:
1450:
1270:
976:
940:
891:
887:
670:
596:
103:
1011:. His second landfall in Australia was at Round Hill Head, 500 km north of
1224:
Queenslander 1 May 1880 & Brisbane Courier, 8 May 1880, p.2e-f, editorial;
996:
764:
636:
500:
496:
457:
409:
on 1 January 1901. At its greatest extent, the colony included the present-day
402:
177:
1626:
1055:
1008:
955:
750:
600:
515:
1212:
966:
923:
817:(later repudiated by British government). On 2 June the decision to form a
754:
647:
632:
558:
469:
207:
767:
inundated the centre of town, in April, fires devastated the west side of
818:
659:
530:
481:
453:
240:
1004:
829:. There were other lines that were nearly complete from Rockhampton to
783:
595:
took the lives of 11 Europeans. The tent camp of the embryo station of
441:
410:
339:
1192:
Frontier History Revisited: – Colonial Queensland and the 'History War
898:
peaked. The first natural gas find in Queensland and Australia was at
651:
485:
406:
381:
77:
1606:
European discovery and the colonisation of Australia culture.gov.au
1131:. Department of National Parks, Sport and Racing. 15 January 2015.
1020:
1012:
798:, and by 1888 the annual output of sugar was 60,000 tons. 1871 saw
473:
456:
as possible sites for a penal colony. At Moreton Bay, he found the
188:
132:
1608:
http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/australianhistory/
919:
695:
511:
489:
158:
886:
In 1899, the world's first Labor Party Government, with Premier
774:
1865 saw the first steam trains in Queensland, travelling (from
690:
Early gold miners were prepared to live rough to strike it rich.
894:(Second Anglo-Boer War). Also in that year, gold production at
795:
703:
1418:"Central Queensland History Wiki – Places – CanoonaGoldFields"
1209:‘Passionate Histories: Myth, memory and Indigenous Australia’
1205:
The country has another past: Queensland and the History Wars
1027:
reached the northern tip of Queensland, which Cook named the
763:
for Queensland. In March of that year, major flooding of the
1367:"Central Queensland History Wiki – People – FrederickWalker"
906:
strikes Cape York Peninsula, destroying a pearling fleet in
544:
The first immigrant ship to arrive in Moreton Bay was the
499:
discovered outcrops of coal along the banks of the upper
405:
from 1859 to 1901, when it became a State in the federal
1226:
The Way We Civilise; Black and White; The Native Police
1237:
Rusden: History of Australia Vol 3 pp.146–56 & 235
1269:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from
979:
of Great Britain on 22 August 1770 when standing on
265:• Independence from the New South Wales colony
90:Territory of Papua (annexed by Queensland in 1883)
1508:. Charters Towers Regional Council. Archived from
1246:
902:in 1900 as a team was drilling a water well. The
863:caused much destruction including destroying the
1624:
476:now stands. The settlement was initially called
468:was transferred to the Brisbane River where the
1158:. Archived from the original on 7 February 2005
943:landed near the site of the modern-day town of
623:In 1851, a public meeting was held to consider
1638:States and territories disestablished in 1901
1420:. Cqhistory.com. 16 July 2006. Archived from
1294:"Stories of the Dreaming – Australian Museum"
223:Charles Cochrane-Baillie, 2nd Baron Lamington
1462:
1369:. Cqhistory.com. 2 July 2006. Archived from
926:. When Australia was federated in 1901, the
918:During the 1890s many workers known as the
662:became towns in 1860, with Maryborough and
1633:States and territories established in 1859
76:
1524:
975:wrote that he claimed the east coast for
958:, the body of water now named after him.
1534:. Wildcat Publishing. 2009. p. 18.
1394:The History of Electricity in Queensland
873:
835:
736:
725:
685:
520:
800:George Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby
778:to Bigge's Camp, which is now known as
618:
1625:
1135:from the original on 24 September 2015
627:from New South Wales. On 6 June 1859,
1588:from the original on 10 February 2019
1558:. Foundingdocs.gov.au. Archived from
1456:
1347:from the original on 3 September 2011
1291:
1007:and the Great Sandy Cape, now called
650:(i.e. having a Governor appointed by
435:
1391:
1333:
1153:
444:sailed north from Sydney to inspect
1396:. Bundaberg: Col Dunn. p. 14.
1385:
1095:
666:becoming towns the following year.
13:
1498:
1296:. Dreamtime.net.au. Archived from
1121:
702:. In 1867, gold was discovered in
603:. Following the wreck of the brig
14:
1654:
1465:"The Beef Industry in Queensland"
1003:, Double Island Point, Wide Bay,
809:In 1883, Queensland Premier Sir
358:
344:
319:
116:
59:
45:
16:British crown colony (1859–1901)
1600:
1574:
1548:
1481:
1436:
1410:
1359:
1323:
1313:
1285:
1105:. New Hope Coal. Archived from
721:
564:
470:Central Business District (CBD)
1532:The Oil and Gas Year Australia
1259:
1240:
1231:
1218:
1197:
1184:
1147:
934:
913:
615:also took place in the 1840s.
1:
1444:Daintree, Richard (1832–1878)
1088:
963:Louis Antoine de Bougainville
961:In 1768, the French explorer
939:In 1606, the Dutch navigator
681:
669:In 1861, rescue parties for
466:Moreton Bay penal settlement
7:
1061:
757:was appointed. 1864 was an
541:was opened as a wool port.
419:Coral Sea Islands Territory
10:
1659:
855:leads to formation of the
840:South Brisbane during the
698:, causing the short-lived
568:
464:. On 2 December 1824, the
428:
424:
1176:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
714:, southwest of Cooktown.
607:at Bramble Reef near the
529:arrived at the colony of
407:Commonwealth of Australia
374:
327:Colony of New South Wales
298:
294:
290:
286:
273:
263:
259:
251:
239:
235:
231:
216:
201:
197:
187:
183:
171:
167:
157:
145:
138:
128:
109:
102:
75:
41:
36:
28:
23:
1613:16 February 2011 at the
1068:Separation of Queensland
571:Australian frontier wars
246:Parliament of Queensland
1556:"Documenting Democracy"
1492:18 October 2005 at the
1449:8 December 2015 at the
1343:. Queensland Treasury.
1190:Ørsted-Jensen, Robert:
1083:Federation of Australia
869:Brisbane Cricket Ground
625:Queensland's separation
613:Battle of One Tree Hill
277:Federation of Australia
983:off the west coast of
928:White Australia policy
908:Princess Charlotte Bay
904:Mahina Cyclone of 1899
883:
857:Australian Labor Party
849:Great Shearers' Strike
844:
746:
741:Pioneer Sugar Mill at
734:
691:
553:In 1857, Queensland's
534:
525:Immigrants aboard the
484:of the Scottish towns
1267:"Welcome to Frontier"
1156:"Port of Maryborough"
1073:History of Queensland
1050:and the accompanying
1001:Glass House Mountains
989:HM Barque "Endeavour"
973:Lieutenant James Cook
965:sailed west from the
877:
867:. The land where the
839:
804:Arthur Edward Kennedy
788:Constitution Act 1867
740:
729:
689:
641:Premier of Queensland
578:"Native Police Force"
524:
431:History of Queensland
152:Self-governing colony
32:of the United Kingdom
1643:Colony of Queensland
1154:Kidd, David (2002).
619:Colony of Queensland
401:was a colony of the
399:Colony of Queensland
1078:History of Brisbane
1029:Cape York Peninsula
985:Cape York Peninsula
952:Luis Váez de Torres
861:1893 Brisbane flood
842:1893 Brisbane flood
539:Port of Maryborough
462:Redcliffe Peninsula
411:State of Queensland
97:British possessions
1562:on 26 October 2009
1463:P. Fynes-Clinton.
1392:Dunn, Col (1985).
1300:on 8 February 2009
884:
845:
747:
735:
692:
609:Whitsunday Islands
593:central Queensland
535:
436:Nineteenth century
415:Territory of Papua
354:British New Guinea
112:God Save the Queen
1582:"Willem Janszoon"
1541:978-1-906975-08-1
1215:and John Docker).
981:Possession Island
811:Thomas McIlwraith
700:Canoona gold rush
639:became the first
395:
394:
370:
369:
366:
365:
332:
331:
218:• 1896–1901
203:• 1859–1868
173:• 1859–1901
147: • Type
121:
24:Queensland Colony
1650:
1617:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1502:
1496:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1469:
1460:
1454:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1337:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1229:
1222:
1216:
1203:Evans, Raymond:
1201:
1195:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1175:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1099:
1044:Matthew Flinders
1038:In 1799, in the
995:and Morton (now
760:annus horribilis
708:Richard Daintree
675:Frederick Walker
555:first lighthouse
387:Papua New Guinea
362:
361:
348:
347:
336:
335:
323:
322:
316:
315:
300:
299:
148:
123:
122:
80:
63:
49:
21:
20:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1615:Wayback Machine
1605:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1565:
1563:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1542:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1512:on 6 April 2011
1506:"World History"
1504:
1503:
1499:
1494:Wayback Machine
1486:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1461:
1457:
1451:Wayback Machine
1442:G. C. Bolton, '
1441:
1437:
1427:
1425:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1404:
1390:
1386:
1376:
1374:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1350:
1348:
1341:"Q150 Timeline"
1339:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1324:
1318:
1314:
1303:
1301:
1290:
1286:
1276:
1274:
1273:on 18 July 2006
1265:
1264:
1260:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1223:
1219:
1202:
1198:
1194:, Brisbane 2011
1189:
1185:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1159:
1152:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1112:
1110:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1064:
999:) islands, the
977:King George III
941:Willem Janszoon
937:
916:
896:Charters Towers
892:Second Boer War
888:Anderson Dawson
865:Victoria Bridge
733:residence, 1870
724:
684:
671:Burke and Wills
621:
597:Cullin-La-Ringo
587:station on the
573:
567:
438:
433:
427:
391:
359:
345:
320:
279:
266:
219:
204:
174:
146:
124:
117:
81:
71:
70:
69:
64:
56:
55:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1656:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1619:
1618:
1599:
1573:
1547:
1540:
1523:
1497:
1480:
1455:
1435:
1424:on 8 July 2011
1409:
1402:
1384:
1373:on 8 July 2011
1358:
1332:
1322:
1312:
1284:
1258:
1239:
1230:
1217:
1196:
1183:
1146:
1120:
1109:on 6 July 2011
1093:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1063:
1060:
997:Moreton Island
936:
933:
915:
912:
765:Brisbane River
723:
720:
683:
680:
637:Robert Herbert
629:Queen Victoria
620:
617:
569:Main article:
566:
563:
508:transportation
501:Brisbane River
497:Edmund Lockyer
458:Brisbane River
437:
434:
429:Main article:
426:
423:
403:British Empire
393:
392:
390:
389:
384:
378:
376:
372:
371:
368:
367:
364:
363:
356:
350:
349:
342:
333:
330:
329:
324:
312:
311:
306:
296:
295:
292:
291:
288:
287:
284:
283:
282:1 January 1901
280:
274:
271:
270:
267:
264:
261:
260:
257:
256:
253:
249:
248:
243:
237:
236:
233:
232:
229:
228:
220:
217:
214:
213:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
194:
191:
185:
184:
181:
180:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
164:
161:
155:
154:
149:
143:
142:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
115:
107:
106:
100:
99:
73:
72:
65:
58:
57:
51:
44:
43:
42:
39:
38:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1655:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1603:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1561:
1557:
1551:
1543:
1537:
1533:
1527:
1511:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1439:
1423:
1419:
1413:
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1403:0-9589229-0-X
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531:Moreton Bay
482:portmanteau
478:Edenglassie
454:Moreton Bay
446:Port Curtis
304:Preceded by
269:6 June 1859
241:Legislature
85:Queensland
1627:Categories
1351:28 October
1089:References
1031:after the
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340:Queensland
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1103:"History"
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550:in 1848.
547:Artemisia
527:Artemisia
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503:in 1825.
486:Edinburgh
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382:Australia
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1566:4 August
1490:Archived
1447:Archived
1428:4 August
1377:4 August
1345:Archived
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1172:cite web
1162:27 March
1133:Archived
1062:See also
1021:Cooktown
1013:Brisbane
813:annexes
533:in 1848.
512:convicts
474:Brisbane
417:and the
189:Governor
178:Victoria
133:Brisbane
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129:Capital
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