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937:, that was built and kept in a remote portion of the castle's attic during the winter of 1944–45. The glider was never used, as the camp was liberated not long after its completion. After liberation, the glider was brought down from the hidden workshop to the attic below and assembled for the prisoners to see. Assigned to the task force that liberated the castle, American war correspondent
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during 2000. The escape plan could have worked. In 2012, Channel 4 commissioned another full-sized replica of the glider which was launched from the same roof as had been planned for the original. The unmanned radio-controlled replica made it across the river and landed in a meadow 180 metres below.
628:
During 1504, the servant
Clemens the baker accidentally set Colditz afire, and the town hall, church, castle and a large part of the town was burned. During 1506, reconstruction began and new buildings were erected around the rear castle courtyard. During 1523, the castle park was converted into one
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in Europe. During 1524, rebuilding of the upper floors of the castle began. The castle was reconstructed in a fashion that corresponded to the way it was divided-— into the cellar, the royal house and the banqueting hall building. There is nothing more to be seen of the original castle, where the
1353:
With renovations largely completed, the castle now includes both a museum and guided tours showing some of the escape tunnels built by prisoners of the Oflag during the war. The chapel has been restored to its prewar decoration, with glass panels inserted to the flag stone flooring to reveal an
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During the last days of the prison camp at
Colditz, many of its prominent or high-ranking prisoners were transferred to Laufen by order of Himmler. In April 1945, U.S. troops entered the town of Colditz and, after a two-day fight, captured the castle on 16 April 1945. In May 1945, the
1026:, as well as a hospital and psychiatric clinic. For many years after the war, forgotten hiding places and tunnels were found by repairmen, including a radio room established by the French POWs, which was then "lost" again to be rediscovered some twenty years later.
1349:
During 2006 and 2007, the castle underwent a significant amount of refurbishment and restoration which was paid for by the state of Saxony. The castle walls were repainted to recreate the appearance of the castle prior to World War II.
926:. This could be owing to the general nature of the prisoners that were sent there; most of them had attempted escape previously from other prisons and were transferred to Colditz because the Germans had thought the castle escape-proof.
907:
While the camp was home to prisoners of war from many different countries, including Poland, France, Belgium, the
Netherlands, and Canada, in May 1943 Wehrmacht High Command decided to house only British and American officers.
527:
made Thimo I "Lord of
Colditz", and major building works began. By 1200, the town around the market was established. Forests, empty meadows, and farmland were settled next to the pre-existing
1674:
Detail from an aerial photograph of
Colditz Castle in Saxony, Germany, on 10 April 1945 just three days before U.S. forces overran the area. Individual prisoners can be seen in the photograph
886:(commander's offices) had only two exits and housed a large German garrison. The prisoners lived in an adjacent courtyard in a 90 ft (27 m) tall building. Outside, the flat
736:, generally reserved for the wealthy and the nobility of Germany. The castle thus functioned as a hospital during a long period of massive change in Germany, from slightly after the
709:
as a workhouse to feed the poor, the ill, and persons who had been arrested. It served this purpose from 1803 to 1829, when its workhouse function was assumed by an institution in
634:
present rear of the castle is located, but it is still possible to discern where the original divisions were (the Old or Lower House, the Upper House and the Great House).
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that links the cellar and electors' house with one another were redesigned. Soon thereafter the castle became an administrative office for the Office of
Colditz and a
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for officers who had become security or escape risks or who were regarded as particularly dangerous. Since the castle is situated on a rocky outcrop above the River
976:, who successfully escaped from Colditz in 1942, went on to write multiple works on the living conditions and various escape attempts at Colditz from 1940 to 1945:
1807:
1782:
949:. Bill Goldfinch took home the drawings he had made while designing the glider, and when the single photograph finally surfaced the story was taken seriously.
941:
entered
Colditz on 15 April 1945 and took the only photograph of the glider completed in the attic. For some time after the war the glider was regarded as a
772:. The castle was home to several notable figures during its time as a mental institution, including Ludwig Schumann, the second youngest son of the composer
777:
1365:(the Colditz Castle historical society), founded during 1996, has its offices in a portion of the administration building in the front castle court.
911:
The camp's first
British prisoners were the Laufen Six on 7 November 1940, who were transferred to Colditz after their first escape attempt from the
327:, a tributary of the River Elbe. It had the first wildlife park in Germany when, during 1523, the castle park was converted into one of the largest
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964:, closely following Goldfinch's drawings. Watched by several of the former prisoners of war who worked on the original, it was test-flown at
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has been in use in architecture for more than 1,000 years. It was at this time that both the interior and the exterior of "the Holy
Trinity"
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attacked
Colditz and set town and castle on fire. Around 1464, renovation and new building work on the castle were done by order of
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Newsreel from a private archive: Two minutes of film of the castle and prisoners during World War II starts at timestamp 10:14:37
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1022:. The government turned Colditz Castle into a prison for local criminals. Later, the castle was a home for the aged and a
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which surrounded the prisoners' accommodation were watched constantly by armed sentries and surrounded by
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During this period the portal at what is known as the church house was created during 1584, made of
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and working quarters had been previously located. It remained a mental institution until 1924.
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of Poland, began to expand it, resulting in a second courtyard and a total of 700 rooms.
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of Colditz permission to build the first documented settlement at the site. During 1083,
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As a result of family dynastic politics, the town of Colditz was incorporated into the
945:, as there was no solid proof that the glider had existed and Colditz was then in the
539:, Zollwitz, Terpitzsch and Koltzschen. Around that time the larger villages Hohnbach,
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After the outbreak of World War II, the castle was converted into a high security
853:, American war correspondent assigned to the task force which liberated the castle
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gained power during 1933, they converted the castle into a political prison for
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from the Gesellschaft Schloss Colditz e.V. homepage Retrieved March 19, 2005.
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then British escape officer at Colditz, before writing about his experiences
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style, but its condition was allowed to deteriorate. The castle was used by
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1633:. Thomas Schädlich/Colditz Society, 2000. pp. 4–6, 27, 61, 63, 91–101.
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castle from 1577 to 1591, including the portions that were still in the
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and Peter Kummer supervised further restoration and rebuilding. Later,
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Although it was considered a high security prison, it had one of the
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764:. Between 1914 and 1918, the castle was home to both psychiatric and
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The structure of the castle was changed during the long reign of the
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officers who had repeatedly attempted to escape from other camps.
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to develop the castle site, which Colditz accepted. During 1158,
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984:. In the early 1970s, he served as a technical consultant for a
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Colditz Castle in April 1945; photo taken by a U.S. Army soldier
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occupation of Colditz began. According to the agreement at the
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Colditz Bridge in 1945 after the town had been occupied by the
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577:). During 1404, the nearly 250-year rule of the dynasty of the
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496:) of the church house carved by Andreas Walther II during 1584
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with photos of Allied prisoners-of-war, art and other objects
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and other people they considered undesirable. Starting 1939,
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During the 19th century, the church space was rebuilt in the
563:
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ended when Thimo VIII sold Colditz Castle for 15,000 silver
1689:
721:. During 1864, a new hospital building was erected in the
985:
807:
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644:(1553–86), and the complex was reconstructed into a
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The castle gained international fame as the site of
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During 2005, the scaffolding was visible from town.
1643:Colditzer Schlossgeschichte "Colditz Castle Story"
1457:. London: Robert Hale & Company. p. 184.
1296:, Notable Tank Commander from the Battle of France
1645:from the same homepage. Retrieved March 19, 2005.
1535:"Escape from Colditz - Department of Engineering"
960:in the UK and built by Southdown Aviation Ltd at
900:(officer prison camp 4C) and was operated by the
1764:
558:, the castle was used as a lookout post for the
1808:Buildings and structures in Leipzig (district)
16:Renaissance castle in Colditz, Saxony, Germany
1783:World War II prisoner-of-war camps in Germany
1705:
667:was commissioned as an artist in the castle.
1406:
1153:
694:. During 1694, its then-current owner, King
624:Periods of reconstruction and changes in use
222:State Palaces, Castles and Gardens of Saxony
1332:, before which tried to escape three times.
392:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1712:
1698:
1499:South African R/C Modeller Issue 12. P. 16
1165:
1149:
1440:"The Latter Days at Colditz", chapter XXV
1110:
707:Frederick Augustus III, Elector of Saxony
456:Learn how and when to remove this message
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
1667:Official Society Colditz Castle homepage
1340:
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840:
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32:This article includes a list of general
1637:"What is special about Colditz Castle?"
1312:, co-founder of the Special Air Service
1251:then part of the escape team at Colditz
882:The larger outer court in front of the
616:, Colditz was a royal residence of the
1765:
1510:"Escape from Colditz - Windfall Films"
1449:
1407:Baybutt, Ron; Lange, Johannes (1982).
1357:The outer courtyard and former German
1354:escape tunnel dug by French escapees.
1190:
120:
1747:List of attempts to escape Oflag IV-C
1693:
1600:, 2003, Cassell Military Paperbacks.
1042:
311:. The castle is between the towns of
1029:
845:The only photograph of the original
480:over the gate to the outer courtyard
390:adding citations to reliable sources
357:
18:
1120:, later known as the actor playing
1006:, that focused on life at Colditz.
713:. During 1829, the castle became a
13:
1596:. Hodder & Stoughton. Also as
1579:Collecting Colditz and Its Secrets
1563:Baybutt, Ron, and Johannes Lange.
1471:
1328:, Czech pilot, participant of the
1138:
1090:
956:of the glider was commissioned by
929:One escape scheme even included a
817:
760:, and until the beginnings of the
682:style by Andreas Walther II. This
353:
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
1824:
1660:
1363:Gesellschaft Schloss Colditz e.V.
1280:, Head of Polish Underground Army
947:Soviet occupation zone in Germany
849:glider taken on 15 April 1945 by
748:, throughout the lifespan of the
732:From 1829 to 1924, Colditz was a
1678:Karl Höffkes German film archive
1615:. New York: St. Martin's, 1984.
1481:. American Air Museum in Britain
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717:for the "incurably insane" from
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1803:World War II museums in Germany
1684:Museum Digital: Schloss Colditz
1567:. Boston: Little, Brown, 1982.
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1752:Bibliography of Colditz Castle
1656:Bibliography of Colditz Castle
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787:, one of the inventors of the
768:patients, 912 of whom died of
678:) and richly decorated in the
1:
1793:Tourist attractions in Saxony
1742:Attempts to escape Oflag IV-C
1581:. London: Grub Street, 2005.
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814:prisoners were housed there.
1387:www.lexikon-der-wehrmacht.de
1100:, 3rd Marquess of Linlithgow
752:, the complete reign of the
525:Emperor Frederick Barbarossa
7:
1719:
1453:(1961). Gee, Howard (ed.).
1264:William Schaefer, U.S. Army
10:
1829:
1813:Royal residences in Saxony
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1598:The Latter Days at Colditz
1565:Colditz: The Great Escapes
1410:Colditz: The Great Escapes
1336:
1245:Royal West Surrey Regiment
982:The Latter Days at Colditz
952:During 1999, a full-sized
924:successful escape attempts
864:
750:North German Confederation
725:, on the ground where the
1727:
1631:Tales from Colditz Castle
1455:Colditz: The German Story
1413:. Little, Brown. p.
703:neo-classic architectural
665:Lucas Cranach the Younger
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1672:Detail Aerial Photograph
1221:Royal Army Service Corps
1098:51st (Highland) Division
1627:Schädlich, Georg Martin
1613:Colditz: The Full Story
1080:, journalist and writer
894:. The prison was named
589:ruler of the period in
562:and was the hub of the
257:Colditz Castle 1828 by
228:Design and construction
53:more precise citations.
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1278:Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski
862:
861:Colditz Castle in 2011
854:
838:
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610:Frederick III the Wise
598:Margraviate of Meissen
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102:Castle Colditz in 2011
1623:pp. 124, 259–263
1514:www.windfallfilms.com
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521:Wiprecht of Groitzsch
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259:Ernst Ferdinand Oehme
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1018:it became a part of
958:Channel 4 Television
873:prisoner-of-war camp
746:German Confederation
723:Gothic Revival style
650:gothic architectural
386:improve this section
340:prisoner-of-war camp
1173:Special Air Service
988:television series,
696:Augustus the Strong
600:. During 1430, the
566:territories of the
346:for "incorrigible"
192:51.1310°N 12.8074°E
188: /
139:Architectural style
134:General information
1592:Reid, P. R. 1953.
1347:
994:(1972), featuring
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652:style. Architects
642:Augustus of Saxony
618:electors of Saxony
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212:Augustus of Saxony
1798:Museums in Saxony
1788:Castles in Saxony
1760:
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1606:978-1-4072-1466-5
1577:Booker, Michael.
1539:www.eng.cam.ac.uk
1171:, founder of the
1152:and Conservative
1058:Reach for the Sky
1030:Notable occupants
978:The Colditz Story
756:, throughout the
742:Holy Roman Empire
646:Renaissance style
506:Holy Roman Empire
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1594:The Latter Days
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1541:. 6 August 2012
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371:This section
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1558:Bibliography
1543:. Retrieved
1538:
1529:
1517:. Retrieved
1513:
1504:
1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1479:"Lee Carson"
1473:
1454:
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1433:
1409:
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1386:
1377:
1362:
1359:Kommandantur
1358:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1330:Great Escape
1094:Charles Hope
1056:
1024:nursing home
1020:East Germany
1008:
989:
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935:Colditz Cock
928:
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884:Kommandantur
883:
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847:Colditz Cock
793:
770:malnutrition
766:tuberculosis
731:
700:
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654:Hans Irmisch
636:
627:
595:
575:Pleiße-lands
568:Pleissenland
553:
499:
452:
443:
433:
426:
419:
412:
400:
384:Please help
372:
344:World War II
333:
331:in Europe.
273:
269:
268:
247:Peter Kummer
237:Hans Irmisch
233:Architect(s)
149:Town or city
65:
56:
37:
1326:Josef Bryks
1142:Airey Neave
913:Laufen Camp
892:barbed wire
804:homosexuals
781: [
657: [
556:Middle Ages
554:During the
278:Renaissance
240: [
195: /
170:Coordinates
143:Renaissance
51:introducing
1767:Categories
1737:Oflag IV-C
1589:p. 32
1573:0316083941
1438:P. R. Reid
1424:0316083941
1369:References
1249:Laufen Six
1225:Laufen Six
1126:James Bond
1074:Micky Burn
1053:flying ace
966:RAF Odiham
939:Lee Carson
897:Oflag IV-C
867:Oflag IV-C
851:Lee Carson
800:communists
734:sanatorium
549:Tautenhain
533:Zschetzsch
416:newspapers
336:Oflag IV-C
329:menageries
263:Albertinum
183:12°48′27″E
180:51°07′52″N
34:references
1485:March 19,
943:tall tale
902:Wehrmacht
828:U.S. Army
794:When the
680:mannerist
545:Ebersbach
541:Thierbaum
537:Zschadraß
531:villages
508:gave the
502:Henry III
500:In 1046,
490:mannerist
446:June 2023
373:does not
321:hill spur
265:, Dresden
1383:"Oflags"
1217:Pat Reid
1148:, later
974:Pat Reid
972:Captain
888:terraces
719:Waldheim
602:Hussites
518:Margrave
514:Henry IV
510:burghers
492:portal (
297:Chemnitz
59:May 2011
1778:Colditz
1721:Colditz
1545:8 April
1519:8 April
1392:8 April
1337:Present
1043:Gp Capt
991:Colditz
954:replica
789:airship
727:stables
711:Zwickau
639:Elector
585:to the
504:of the
430:scholar
394:removed
379:sources
342:during
309:Germany
299:in the
293:Dresden
289:Leipzig
285:Colditz
163:Germany
159:Country
153:Colditz
47:improve
1619:
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1571:
1461:
1421:
1323:Flt Lt
1166:Lt Col
1150:Lt Col
1124:in 17
1012:Soviet
933:, the
931:glider
812:Allied
776:, and
591:Saxony
587:Wettin
572:Meißen
570:(anti-
529:Slavic
516:urged
432:
425:
418:
411:
403:
348:Allied
317:Grimma
313:Hartha
305:Saxony
281:castle
208:Client
36:, but
1128:films
796:Nazis
785:]
661:]
583:marks
564:Reich
437:JSTOR
423:books
319:on a
301:state
287:near
244:]
218:Owner
1617:ISBN
1602:ISBN
1583:ISBN
1569:ISBN
1547:2018
1521:2018
1487:2024
1459:ISBN
1419:ISBN
1394:2018
1238:Capt
1214:Capt
1195:and
1185:Capt
1071:Capt
1002:and
980:and
808:Jews
631:zoos
612:and
547:and
488:The
409:news
377:any
375:cite
338:, a
315:and
295:and
272:(or
1307:Gen
1291:Gen
1275:Gen
1262:Col
1197:bar
1111:2Lt
1050:RAF
986:BBC
922:of
388:by
307:in
303:of
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1199:,
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1154:MP
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