442:, and does not involve any interest for which the law has jurisdiction. According to former Lord Lyon Sir Thomas Innes of Learney, a clan is a community that is distinguished by heraldry and recognised by the sovereign. Without that recognition, a clan chief, and therefore the clan, would have no official recognition. Innes further considered clans to be a "noble incorporation" because the arms borne by a clan chief are granted or otherwise recognised by the Lord Lyon as an officer of the Crown, thus conferring royal recognition of and on the entire clan. Clans with recognised chiefs are therefore considered a noble community under Scots law. A group without a chief recognised by the sovereign through the Lord Lyon has no official standing under Scottish law. Claimants to the title of chief are expected to be recognised by the Lord Lyon as the rightful heir to the undifferenced arms of the ancestor of the clan of which the claimant seeks to be recognized as chief. A chief of a clan is the only person who is entitled to bear the undifferenced arms of the ancestral founder of the clan. The clan is considered to be the chief's heritable estate and the chief's Seal of Arms is the seal of the clan as a "noble corporation". Therefore, under Scots law, the chief is recognised as the head of the clan and therefore, once recognised, serves as the lawful representative of the clan community worldwide. The Lyon Court remains the only authority which can make a recording of the dignity of a chiefship acknowledged by attestation, although it is suggested it cannot declare judicially a chiefship. Further, although no Scottish court can exercise a jurisdiction to determine disputes of competing claimants to a chiefship or chieftainship, to quote
541:
64:
2924:
320:
700:
460:. Schedule 5 of the Act makes clear that certain matters are reserved, among others "honours and dignities or the functions of the Lord Lyon King of Arms so far as relating to the granting of arms"; but that is not the case for "Lord Lyon King of Arms in his judicial capacity", which is therefore subject to the powers of the Scottish Parliament. However,
40:
293:
784:
Ruling of the Court of the Lord Lyon (26 February 1943, Vol. IV, page 26): "With regard to the words 'untitled nobility' employed in certain recent birthbrieves in relation to the (Minor) Baronage of
Scotland, Finds and Declares that the (Minor) Barons of Scotland are, and have been both in this
611:
to specify a very high dignity. A requirement of the
Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs for membership, is that an applicant chief must demonstrate a right to hereditary supporters. A chief without supporters could only be allowed to serve on the council for their lifetime; each successive heir
410:
influential political characters, who wielded a large and often arbitrary authority. However, none of this authority now remains. Highland chiefship or chieftainship in the modern sense is no more than a high social dignity. The existence of chiefship and chieftainship has been recognized by
650:). Clan chiefs are entitled to wear three eagle feathers behind their crest badge. Clan chieftains are entitled to two eagle feathers. A clan member is not entitled to any feathers unless they have been granted arms by the Lord Lyon King of Arms, in which case they are an
467:(2000 asp 5) explicitly states (sec. 62) that "Nothing in this Act shall be taken to supersede or impair the jurisdiction or prerogative of the Lord Lyon King of Arms," which suggests that the legal authority of the Lyon Court remains intact in all matters heraldic.
470:
To summarise, it is protocol and a preference for any
Scottish clan to have their chief recognised by the Lord Lyon and therefore have legal status for the clan as a whole in Scotland and beyond, allowing their head to take their rightful place in the
450:
it is presumed that "Historically the idea of a chief or chieftain submitting his dignity to the arbitrament of its Court of law is really grotesque. The chief was the law, and his authority was derived from his own people".
190:
565:
In cases where a clan has no chief, or a family wishes to have recognition as a clan, clan or family members can formally get together, witnessed by a representative of the Lord Lyon, in a
287:
674:, is normally worn over the right shoulder; only the wives of chiefs and chieftains, and women who are chiefs or chieftains in their own right, wear it over the left shoulder.
252:
180:
185:
147:
139:
131:
685:
463:
406:
Historically the principal function of the chief was to lead the clan in battle on land and sea. The chief and the chieftain were at one time in the
2958:
438:
While
Scottish law recognizes the existence of clans, chiefs and chieftains, this recognition is only one of social dignity or precedence via the
586:
will be required. It is at this point that the clan chief is recognised by the Lyon Court. Clans with clan commanders are still referred to as
351:
262:
1055:
175:
1187:
1134:
582:
The Lyon Court can recognise the appointment of a clan commander, for an interim period of up to ten years, whereupon a further
1152: (Court of Session First Advising (16 July 1937), Second Advising (27 March 1941), Final Interlocutor (18 July 1941)).
305:
394:), a designation applied to heads of branches of a clan. Scottish clans that no longer have a clan chief are referred to as
870:
378:
members believed themselves to descend from a common ancestor, the founder of the clan, after whom the clan is named. The
1029:
935:
713:
472:
386:) is the representative of this founder, and represents the clan. In the Scottish clan system, a chief is greater than a
344:
1120:
443:
123:
515:
is not to persons bearing coats of arms; chiefship and chieftainship have no armorial significance. Although the
491:
of a
Scottish family. However, the "Chief of the Name and Arms" is a heraldic term, originating from the French
2904:
2827:
1149:
2948:
337:
63:
1635:
1180:
267:
1645:
420:
2420:
31:
17:
867:
1700:
1655:
1650:
910:
906:
705:
257:
2953:
2155:
1640:
1173:
1130:
1099:
1059:
2797:
2792:
1207:
940:
635:
439:
540:
425:, of 1746 that abolished traditional rights of jurisdiction afforded to Scottish clan chiefs.
2677:
1725:
604:
525:
2822:
1455:
631:
621:
545:
419:
effectively eliminated clanship from ordinary civil or statutory law. Most notable was the
416:
227:
115:
8:
2842:
2775:
1960:
945:
277:
2862:
2857:
2174:
638:, by members of Scottish clans. These crest badges contain, in most cases, the chief's
407:
77:
2894:
2889:
2506:
2445:
1790:
1116:
733:
456:
217:
212:
2371:
1600:
1430:
1420:
1295:
723:
447:
222:
2928:
2883:
2737:
2643:
2524:
2475:
2435:
2407:
2363:
2103:
2022:
2010:
1990:
1965:
1920:
1910:
1815:
1810:
1755:
1745:
1740:
1695:
1690:
1660:
1620:
1375:
1320:
1310:
1235:
1230:
587:
507:, as correct heraldic descriptions of headship of an armigerous family. The term
395:
365:
324:
242:
1139:(in French). Vol. Tome Premier (6th ed.). France: Firmin Didot frères.
2878:
2872:
2867:
2532:
2516:
2511:
2465:
2271:
2258:
2247:
2055:
1885:
1765:
1760:
1730:
1715:
1685:
1680:
1670:
1665:
1550:
1520:
1435:
1360:
1350:
1330:
1255:
1245:
671:
643:
639:
1033:
2942:
2719:
2703:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2664:
2584:
2480:
2470:
2450:
2412:
2242:
2187:
2050:
1980:
1950:
1935:
1860:
1855:
1845:
1820:
1795:
1770:
1705:
1605:
1505:
1480:
1395:
1385:
1365:
1355:
1345:
1340:
1325:
1315:
1305:
1290:
1196:
549:
375:
86:
499:
family. There is no evidence of any practice that would point to the use of
2802:
2724:
2672:
2638:
2624:
2604:
2501:
2455:
2430:
2425:
2333:
2266:
2237:
2210:
2122:
2098:
2087:
1985:
1975:
1970:
1955:
1925:
1905:
1880:
1875:
1865:
1840:
1800:
1780:
1775:
1750:
1720:
1710:
1625:
1610:
1595:
1570:
1560:
1545:
1500:
1490:
1445:
1425:
1380:
1370:
1335:
1300:
1250:
757:
686:
Forms of address in the United
Kingdom § Chiefs, chieftains and lairds
627:
608:
412:
247:
899:
433:
2745:
2496:
2485:
2460:
2440:
2388:
2232:
2215:
2160:
2141:
2136:
1995:
1870:
1850:
1835:
1830:
1805:
1735:
1675:
1630:
1590:
1585:
1575:
1540:
1535:
1510:
1475:
1465:
1460:
1450:
1440:
1415:
1405:
1400:
1285:
1270:
1240:
282:
48:
44:
2899:
752:
An exception to this armorial insignificance being the chief's right to
2909:
2817:
2765:
2714:
2653:
2648:
2393:
2349:
2344:
2316:
2276:
2182:
2111:
2042:
1945:
1940:
1915:
1890:
1825:
1580:
1555:
1470:
1410:
1390:
1280:
1275:
1265:
1225:
753:
496:
292:
39:
2729:
2555:
2000:
1930:
1900:
1895:
1615:
1565:
1530:
1525:
1495:
1485:
1260:
718:
567:
272:
80:) represents Scot barons in historical heraldry instead of a coronet
2837:
2787:
2281:
1785:
1515:
1097:
484:
2852:
1165:
651:
575:
if the evidence of links to a chiefly line exists or otherwise a
73:
2832:
647:
523:
may concur in the same person they are not the same term. See
553:
237:
1155:
30:"Scottish Chieftain" redirects here. For the racehorse, see
2847:
2812:
728:
667:
1104:
The Clans, Septs & Regiments of the
Scottish Highlands
654:
and can wear a crest badge containing elements from their
1113:
The Gaelic-English
Dictionary: Am Faclair GĂ idhlig-Beurla
415:; however, the disarming of the Highland clans after the
374:
means children. In early times, and possibly even today,
1129:
882:
The
Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707 (RPS)
881:
454:
A number of constitutional changes took place with the
905:
428:
369:
695:
793:) are of the ancient Feudal Nobility of Scotland".
805:
552:. A clan chief is the only one entitled to three
2940:
612:would have to be re-elected in the same manner.
27:Representative of the founder of a Scottish clan
1106:(8th ed.). Edinburgh: Johnston and Bacon.
401:
1181:
1150:1938 S.L.T. 49 and 1941 S.C. 613 Scotland
646:(or sometimes the chief's secondary motto or
478:
345:
977:
975:
785:nobiliary Court and in the Court of Session
811:Adam; Innes of Learney (1970), pp. 154–155.
670:, as worn by Scottish women as part of the
1188:
1174:
789:and that the estait of the Baronage (i.e.
593:
352:
338:
972:
253:List of family seats of Scottish nobility
1012:
1010:
1008:
539:
38:
2959:Titles of national or ethnic leadership
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
14:
2941:
1083:(1958), W. & A. K. Johnson, p. 14.
928:
483:The Lyon Court, whose jurisdiction is
464:Abolition of Feudal Tenure Act of 2000
422:Heritable Jurisdictions (Scotland) Act
1169:
1156:Gloag and Candlish Henderson (1987).
1005:
495:and refers to the head of a heraldic
487:, can confirm an application for the
1160:(9th ed.). Edinburgh: W. Green.
1136:Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
1110:
1081:The Scottish Clans and Their Tartans
1056:"SCOSC Requirements for Recognition"
826:
1158:Introduction to the Law of Scotland
981:Gloag and Candlish Henderson, p. 25
762:Clan Chief prerogatives: supporters
714:Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs
537:not being held by the same person.
473:Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs
434:"Clan chiefs" and "clan chieftains"
53:The Clans of the Scottish Highlands
24:
1195:
875:
677:
429:Recognition of chiefs in Scots law
25:
2970:
787:recognised as a 'titled nobility'
615:
560:
2922:
698:
318:
291:
62:
1090:
1074:
1048:
1022:
996:
984:
960:
761:
746:
548:of a clan chief of a fictional
307:Convention of the Three Estates
288:Order of precedence in Scotland
2905:Independent Highland Companies
887:
861:
849:
814:
796:
778:
13:
1:
1145:Maclean of Ardgour v. Maclean
1017:Maclean of Ardgour v. Maclean
991:Maclean of Ardgour v. Maclean
967:Maclean of Ardgour v. Maclean
894:Maclean of Ardgour v. Maclean
856:Maclean of Ardgour v. Maclean
844:Maclean of Ardgour v. Maclean
821:Maclean of Ardgour v. Maclean
771:
598:
176:Barons / Baronesses or Ladies
165:Titled nobles in the Baronage
1002:l'Académie française, p. 527
603:Clan chiefs are entitled to
7:
911:"Clans, Families and Septs"
691:
505:chieftain of branch of clan
402:Functions of the clan chief
120:(1st degree) 90% are barons
10:
2975:
619:
535:Chief of the Name and Arms
521:Chief of the Name and Arms
489:Chief of the Name and Arms
479:Chief of the Name and Arms
47:clan chief illustrated by
32:Scottish Chieftain (horse)
29:
2918:
2774:
2009:
1216:
1205:
907:Agnew of Lochnaw, Crispin
661:
108:Baronial Rank of Nobility
1100:Innes of Learney, Thomas
915:www.electricscotland.com
739:
706:Clans of Scotland portal
626:Elements of the chief's
493:chef du nom et des armes
258:Scottish Barony Register
233:Clan chief and chieftain
2152:Campbell of Breadalbane
1636:Macdonald of Clanranald
868:Encyclopædia Britannica
630:are often found in the
594:Clan chief prerogatives
571:, and appoint either a
268:Territorial designation
2798:Court of the Lord Lyon
1646:MacDonell of Glengarry
1209:List of Scottish clans
941:Court of the Lord Lyon
557:
513:principals of branches
370:
136:(3rd degree) very rare
128:(2nd degree) very rare
56:
2421:MacDonald of Dunnyveg
543:
526:Chiefs of Clan Fraser
51:, from James Logan's
42:
2949:Scottish clan chiefs
1701:Maclaine of Lochbuie
1656:MacDonald of Glencoe
1651:MacDonald of Keppoch
1131:l'Académie Française
1111:Mark, Colin (2003).
802:Mark (2003), p. 458.
622:Scottish crest badge
417:1745 Jacobite rising
97:Baronage of Scotland
2929:Scotland portal
1781:Malcolm (MacCallum)
1062:on 26 February 2012
756:if the chief has a
634:worn, usually on a
325:Scotland portal
152:(5th degree) only 1
144:(4th degree) only 1
43:A depiction of the
2863:Battle of Culloden
2156:Campbell of Cawdor
1641:Macdonald of Sleat
948:on 17 January 2008
558:
529:for an example of
408:Scottish Highlands
191:Marquis & Duke
186:Earls / Countesses
78:cap of maintenance
57:
2936:
2935:
2895:Scottish surnames
2890:Scottish heraldry
936:"What is a clan?"
760:, see paragraph "
734:Chief of the name
457:Scotland Act 1998
362:
361:
218:The Much Honoured
213:Lords of Regality
16:(Redirected from
2966:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2780:
2678:Stewart of Appin
2015:
1726:MacLeod of Lewis
1210:
1199:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1147:
1140:
1126:
1107:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1058:. Archived from
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1036:on 23 April 2008
1032:. Archived from
1030:"lyon-court.com"
1026:
1020:
1014:
1003:
1000:
994:
988:
982:
979:
970:
964:
958:
957:
955:
953:
944:. Archived from
932:
926:
925:
923:
921:
903:
897:
891:
885:
879:
873:
865:
859:
853:
847:
841:
824:
818:
812:
809:
803:
800:
794:
782:
765:
750:
724:Statutes of Iona
708:
703:
702:
701:
588:armigerous clans
448:Court of Session
396:armigerous clans
384:ceannard cinnidh
373:
354:
347:
340:
323:
322:
321:
308:
295:
263:Forms of address
99:
91:Ancient Nobility
66:
59:
58:
21:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2923:
2921:
2914:
2884:Scottish Gaelic
2778:
2776:
2770:
2013:
2011:
2005:
1456:Fraser of Lovat
1371:Cumming (Comyn)
1218:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1164:
1143:
1123:
1093:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1075:
1065:
1063:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1015:
1006:
1001:
997:
989:
985:
980:
973:
965:
961:
951:
949:
934:
933:
929:
919:
917:
904:
900:
892:
888:
880:
876:
866:
862:
854:
850:
842:
827:
819:
815:
810:
806:
801:
797:
791:Barones Minores
783:
779:
774:
769:
768:
751:
747:
742:
704:
699:
697:
694:
680:
678:Form of address
664:
624:
618:
601:
596:
563:
481:
444:Lord Aitchinson
436:
431:
404:
366:Scottish Gaelic
358:
329:
319:
317:
306:
300:
299:
298:
290:
243:Younger (title)
207:
206:
197:
196:
195:
167:
166:
157:
156:
155:
110:
109:
95:
87:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2972:
2962:
2961:
2956:
2954:Scottish clans
2951:
2934:
2933:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2881:
2879:Scots language
2875:
2873:Border reivers
2870:
2868:Highland games
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2784:
2782:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2743:
2740:
2735:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2667:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2602:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2530:
2527:
2522:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2369:
2366:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2261:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2177:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2045:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2019:
2017:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1961:Stuart of Bute
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
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620:Main article:
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1122:0-415-29760-5
1118:
1115:. Routledge.
1114:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1098:Adam, Frank;
1096:
1095:
1082:
1077:
1061:
1057:
1051:
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623:
613:
610:
606:
591:
589:
585:
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578:
574:
570:
569:
555:
551:
550:Scottish clan
547:
542:
538:
536:
532:
531:chief of clan
528:
527:
522:
518:
517:chief of clan
514:
510:
509:chief of clan
506:
502:
501:chief of clan
498:
494:
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486:
476:
474:
468:
466:
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459:
458:
452:
449:
445:
441:
426:
424:
423:
418:
414:
409:
399:
397:
393:
392:ceann-cinnidh
389:
385:
381:
377:
376:Scottish clan
372:
367:
355:
350:
348:
343:
341:
336:
335:
333:
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316:
315:
313:
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61:
60:
54:
50:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2920:
2828:Clan battles
2807:
2446:MacGillivray
2252:Fotheringham
1791:Marjoribanks
1157:
1144:
1135:
1112:
1103:
1091:Bibliography
1080:
1076:
1064:. Retrieved
1060:the original
1050:
1038:. Retrieved
1034:the original
1024:
1016:
998:
990:
986:
966:
962:
950:. Retrieved
946:the original
939:
930:
918:. Retrieved
914:
901:
893:
889:
877:
863:
855:
851:
843:
820:
816:
807:
798:
790:
786:
780:
758:coat of arms
748:
682:
681:
665:
655:
625:
609:coat of arms
602:
583:
581:
576:
572:
566:
564:
534:
530:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
492:
488:
482:
469:
461:
455:
453:
437:
421:
413:Scottish law
405:
391:
387:
383:
379:
363:
248:Maid (title)
232:
172:
148:
140:
132:
124:
116:
96:
92:
88:
71:
52:
36:
2900:Seanchaidhe
2779:and society
2669:Spottiswood
2612:Porterfield
2408:MacAlpin(e)
2372:Kirkpatrick
2298:Glendinning
1601:Livingstone
1431:Farquharson
1421:Elphinstone
952:26 February
920:26 February
871:– text link
632:crest badge
546:crest badge
283:Family seat
49:R. R. McIan
45:Clan Forbes
2943:Categories
2910:Sgian-dubh
2843:Clearances
2823:Clan crest
2818:Clan badge
2808:Clan chief
2756:Whitefoord
2738:Walkinshaw
2661:Somerville
2644:Rutherford
2575:Ochterlony
2517:MacKerrell
2512:MacCulloch
2476:Macquarrie
2436:MacFarlane
2364:Kinninmont
2307:Halkerston
2304:Haliburton
2289:Gladstains
2223:Edmonstone
2204:Dennistoun
2108:Blackstock
2104:Blackadder
2063:Auchinleck
2023:Abercromby
2012:Armigerous
1991:Wedderburn
1966:Sutherland
1921:Scrymgeour
1911:Sandilands
1816:Montgomery
1811:Moncreiffe
1756:Macpherson
1746:MacNeacail
1741:Macnaghten
1696:Maclachlan
1691:Mackintosh
1661:MacDougall
1621:MacAlister
1376:Cunningham
1321:Carruthers
1311:Carmichael
1236:Arbuthnott
1231:Anstruther
1217:Clans with
772:References
754:supporters
605:supporters
599:Supporters
573:clan chief
497:armigerous
440:Lyon Court
380:clan chief
18:Clan chief
2793:Lord Lyon
2589:Pennycook
2543:Monypenny
2533:Middleton
2490:Masterton
2466:MacLellan
2417:Macbrayne
2385:Learmonth
2382:Langlands
2368:Kirkcaldy
2330:Horsburgh
2272:Gartshore
2259:Galbraith
2255:Fullarton
2248:Forrester
2198:Dalrymple
2179:Congilton
2149:Callender
2092:Beveridge
2075:Bannatyne
2056:Armstrong
2047:Allardice
2036:Aikenhead
2027:Abernethy
1886:Robertson
1766:MacThomas
1761:MacTavish
1731:MacMillan
1716:MacLennan
1686:Mackinnon
1681:Mackenzie
1671:MacIntyre
1666:MacDowall
1631:MacDonald
1551:Johnstone
1521:Henderson
1436:Fergusson
1361:Cranstoun
1351:Colquhoun
1331:Charteris
1256:Borthwick
1246:Bannerman
764:" hereto.
719:Clan seat
607:on their
584:derbhfine
568:derbhfine
556:feathers.
388:chieftain
273:Lord Lyon
173:List of –
2886:language
2877:Lowland
2838:Bagpipes
2788:Scotland
2759:Whitelaw
2750:Wauchope
2720:Turnbull
2704:Tailyour
2693:Straiton
2688:Strachan
2683:Stirling
2665:Spalding
2658:Skirving
2632:Roberton
2609:Polwarth
2601:Pitcairn
2598:Pitblado
2592:Pentland
2585:Paterson
2566:Newlands
2540:Monteith
2525:Melville
2481:Macqueen
2471:MacPhail
2451:MacInnes
2413:MacAulay
2357:Kinnaird
2263:Galloway
2243:Fletcher
2229:Falconer
2195:Dalmahoy
2188:Crawford
2175:Cockburn
2171:Clephane
2168:Clelland
2165:Chalmers
2146:Caldwell
2127:Brisbane
2051:Anderson
1981:Urquhart
1951:Stirling
1936:Sinclair
1861:Primrose
1856:Oliphant
1846:Nicolson
1821:Morrison
1796:Matheson
1771:Maitland
1706:MacLaren
1606:Lockhart
1506:Hamilton
1481:Grierson
1396:Drummond
1386:Davidson
1366:Crichton
1356:Colville
1346:Cochrane
1341:Chisholm
1326:Cathcart
1316:Carnegie
1306:Campbell
1291:Buchanan
1133:(1843).
1102:(1970).
1019:, p. 635
993:, p. 645
969:, p. 637
896:, p. 657
858:, p. 650
846:, p. 636
823:, p. 711
692:See also
485:heraldic
278:Baronage
228:Noblesse
223:Nobility
2853:Manrent
2777:Culture
2762:Wishart
2742:Wardlaw
2725:Tweedie
2711:Tennant
2700:Symmers
2697:Sydserf
2673:Stewart
2639:Russell
2625:Ralston
2615:Preston
2605:Pollock
2581:Paisley
2549:Moubray
2521:Meldrum
2502:Maxwell
2456:MacIver
2431:MacEwen
2426:MacDuff
2360:Kinnear
2354:Kinloch
2334:Houston
2327:Hopkirk
2321:Herries
2313:Hepburn
2286:Gibsone
2267:Gardyne
2238:Fleming
2226:Fairlie
2211:Douglas
2201:Dalzell
2192:Crosbie
2123:Boswell
2099:Bissett
2095:Binning
2088:Bethune
2084:Belshes
2072:Balfour
2066:Baillie
2039:Ainslie
1986:Wallace
1976:Trotter
1971:Swinton
1956:Strange
1926:Sempill
1906:Ruthven
1881:Riddell
1876:Rattray
1866:Pringle
1841:Nesbitt
1801:Menzies
1776:Makgill
1751:MacNeil
1721:MacLeod
1711:Maclean
1626:MacBean
1611:Lumsden
1596:Lindsay
1571:Kincaid
1561:Kennedy
1546:Jardine
1501:Haldane
1491:Guthrie
1446:Forsyth
1426:Erskine
1381:Darroch
1336:Chattan
1301:Cameron
1296:Burnett
1251:Barclay
1066:2 March
1040:2 March
652:armiger
446:in the
141:Marquis
74:chapeau
2833:Tartan
2746:Watson
2635:Rossie
2629:Renton
2618:Purves
2578:Orrock
2572:Norvel
2569:Newton
2537:Moncur
2529:Mercer
2497:Maxton
2486:Macrae
2461:Mackie
2441:Macfie
2401:Lundin
2389:Little
2379:Lammie
2341:Inglis
2338:Hutton
2310:Halket
2233:Fenton
2220:Dunlop
2216:Duncan
2161:Cheyne
2142:Calder
2137:Cairns
2130:Butter
2078:Baxter
2060:Arnott
1996:Wemyss
1871:Ramsay
1851:Ogilvy
1836:Napier
1831:Murray
1806:Moffat
1736:Macnab
1676:Mackay
1591:Leslie
1586:Lennox
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1219:chiefs
1148:,
1119:
662:Sashes
658:arms.
648:slogan
642:, and
636:bonnet
205:Topics
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55:, 1845
2813:Septs
2803:Croft
2766:Young
2715:Troup
2654:Seton
2649:Schaw
2595:Peter
2563:Nevoy
2560:Nairn
2546:Mouat
2493:Maule
2398:Logie
2394:Logan
2376:Laing
2350:Kelly
2345:Innes
2317:Heron
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2183:Craig
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2119:Blyth
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1891:Rollo
1826:Munro
1581:Leask
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2404:Lyle
2324:Hogg
2301:Gray
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2292:Glas
2081:Bell
2033:Adam
2001:Wood
1931:Shaw
1901:Ross
1896:Rose
1616:Lyon
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2552:Mow
2282:Ged
2207:Don
1786:Mar
1516:Hay
683:see
656:own
89:The
2945::
1007:^
974:^
938:.
913:.
909:.
828:^
688:.
590:.
579:.
544:A
475:.
398:.
1189:e
1182:t
1175:v
1125:.
1070:.
1044:.
956:.
924:.
884:.
390:(
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353:e
346:t
339:v
34:.
20:)
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