421:
erection of lands into what has been termed a “territorial earldom”. He therefore did not accept that it follows from the recognition of a feudal baron, or one possessed of the dignity of a former feudal barony, as “Baron of X”, that the person in possession of a “territorial earldom” stemming from the erection by the Crown of lands into a free earldom, should be recognised as an “Earl” or “Countess”, “feudal” or otherwise." Since then, in April 2015 the Lord Lyon changed his mind and he may recognise a person possessing a barony (and other titles that are but nobler titles of baron within the
689:
492:
35:
416:
Earl of Rothes". In the ruling in 2010, the Lord Lyon stated that as a general rule previous decisions should be followed, but he could not agree with them as the arguments in the previous cases did not appear to have been tested and no reasoning had been given by the prior Lord Lyon for his decisions. The title "feudal Earl", "territorial Earl", or simply "Earl", being used or recognised in respect of an assemblage of lands into an earldom had never existed until recently. He stated that while the
800:
665:
1023:
719:
891:
589:
291:
830:
755:
627:
551:
382:
peerage title of the same name. The two are not to be confused. Historically, they were held by one and the same person, but the feudal title may subsequently have been disponed according to Scots property law, whereas the peerage title always descends according to the destination in the letters patent of creation of the peerage and the rules of peerage law.
386:
a
Lordship ranked before a simple Baron" and "A person to whom an Earldom belonged, would be superior to a person who had no more than a lordship ... One, whose lands were incorporated into a Marquisate, was superior to both ... A man, who owned a fief elevated into a Dukedom, was exaulted above all three." However,
264:
984:
According to the Lord Lyon, as at 2009, "...a
Petition had previously been lodged on 27th May 1992 by Dennistoun Gordon Teall of Teallach narrating that he had “acquired right and title to the feudal Marquisate, Earldom and Lordship of Huntly” by disposition ... dated 22nd November 1991, recorded 3rd
385:
Scottish titles, in order of precedence, are as follows: Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, Lord, Baronet, Knight, Baron, Clan Chief, Esquire/Gentleman. Wallace states that "Lordships, Earldoms, Marquisates and
Dukedoms differ only in name from Baronies" but continues "one whose property was erected into
1170:
issued an interlocutor holding that the title "feudal earl" cannot be recognised, and has no basis in either law or history. Since then, in April 2015 the Lord Lyon changed his mind and the court of the lord lyon ruled that it may recognise a person possessing a barony (and other titles that are but
420:
divorced feudal baronies from land title, it preserved the title of baron. This was not the case he found with "territorial" or "feudal earldoms": "On the contrary there is a clear break between the type of territorial earldoms which existed before the evolution of a personal peerage, and the later
415:
of
Scotland' or 'Sturzenegger of Arran, holder of the territorial Earldom of Arran", or 'Sturzenegger of Arran, holder of the feudal Earldom of Arran'. In 2006, an earlier Lord Lyon had recognised three petitioners as "Feudal Countess of Crawfurd-Lindsay", "Feudal Earl of Breadalbane" and "Feudal
402:
issued the "Note on the
Petition of George Menking", under which he determined to accept petitions for the grant arms for feudal dignities including Earldoms, Marquisates and Dukedoms since such dignities have historically always been of the genus of a barony and as such represent a higher form of
381:
Since all feudal titles are based in Scots property law and not personal peerages, there are some instances when, for historic reasons, the feudal title happens to share the same name as an extant peerage title, but the current holder of the feudal title is different from the current holder of the
1195:
Ruling of the Court of the Lord Lyon (26 February 1943, Vol. IV, page 26): "With regard to the words 'untitled nobility' employed in certain recent birthbrieves in relation to the (Minor) Baronage of
Scotland, Finds and Declares that the (Minor) Barons of Scotland are, and have been both in this
561:
In 1995 Willi Ernst
Sturzenegger, the former earl, received (from the Duke of Hamilton) "disponed to him of All and Whole the Earldom of Arran including the caput thereof which grant can be traced back to an erection by the Crown of lands in unum comitatum"
406:
The
Menking Note is considered an important change (and return to similar status of an earlier Lord Lyon) from an interim ruling on the petition in 2010 by a Swiss national Willi Ernst Sturzenegger, who had purchased the
575:
258:
223:
613:
1086:
151:
156:
1028:
17:
1612:
322:
233:
1292:
1607:
1597:
1408:
760:
1082:
Lord is the second degree of baronage nobility, nobler than Baron (first) but not before Earl (third), Marquess (fourth) or Duke (fifth).
1101:
146:
1494:
1462:
1430:
1368:
1268:
849:
694:
387:
1341:
276:
1225:
315:
1132:
897:
805:
371:
94:
933:
The Scots spelling of marquis, as a rule, follows the French spelling, rather than the
English spelling "marquess".
1120:
1602:
1147:
308:
34:
238:
868:
844:
1563:
Registrum magni sigilli regum
Scotorum : The register of the Great seal of Scotland, A.D. 1306-1668
1546:
Registrum magni sigilli regum Scotorum : The register of the Great seal of Scotland, A.D. 1306-1668
1529:
Registrum magni sigilli regum Scotorum : The register of the Great seal of Scotland, A.D. 1306-1668
1325:
Registrum magni sigilli regum Scotorum : The register of the Great seal of Scotland, A.D. 1306-1668
437:
of Earldoms created in the baronage, please help by filling in details below (with reference links).
537:
408:
228:
1299:
411:, and wished to be titled as 'Willi Ernst Sturzenegger of Arran, Earl of Arran in the territorial
1400:
510:
399:
930:
The below are very rare, only two baronage titles are known to continue existing until today.
1137:
919:
835:
412:
374:(being a baron of a higher degree) in the Baronage of Scotland, but below all ranks in the
198:
86:
1501:
1469:
1437:
1375:
1275:
8:
1559:
1542:
1525:
1142:
1036:
915:
375:
203:
632:
Abigail Busch Reisinger, Countess of Crawfurd-Lindsay, Baroness of Auchterutherstruther
248:
340:
48:
963:
771:
514:
188:
183:
1561:
1544:
1527:
1337:
981:
was disponed to a non-peer in 1930s, holder known as Marquis or Lord interchangeably
1061:
1009:
688:
676:
356:
351:, which means that its holder, who is a feudal earl/marquis/duke, is also always a
193:
491:
922:
of the same name either held by the current peer or transferred to a new holder.
877:
839:
295:
213:
161:
1045:
993:
925:
816:
786:
741:
730:
705:
652:
478:
364:
1566:. University of California Libraries. Edinburgh : General register house.
1549:. University of California Libraries. Edinburgh : General register house.
1532:. University of California Libraries. Edinburgh : General register house.
1214:
1591:
1401:"The Arms of J. Sullivan of Braemar, Earl of Breadalbane and Lord of Braemar"
799:
521:
57:
633:
1167:
390:
states that Lordships or Earldoms are "but more noble titles of a Barony".
363:
and had the power of "pit and gallows", meaning the power to authorise the
352:
218:
1293:"Note issued with Warrant for Letters Patent from Lord Lyon King of Arms"
253:
718:
664:
1022:
890:
588:
263:
829:
360:
243:
1560:
Scotland; Great Britain. General Register Office (Scotland) (1882).
1543:
Scotland; Great Britain. General Register Office (Scotland) (1882).
1526:
Scotland; Great Britain. General Register Office (Scotland) (1882).
836:
Sir Philip Ondaatje, Earl of Rothes, Lord of Leslie, Sheriff of Fife
51:) represents Scot barons in historical heraldry instead of a coronet
754:
626:
594:
John Sullivan of Braemar, Earl of Breadalbane and Lord of Braemar
344:
444:
are subsidiary baronial titles held by the same earl. Titles with
44:
1077:
1092:
428:
1087:
Click here for a list of Lordships in the Baronage of Scotland
1102:
Click here for a list of Baronies in the Baronage of Scotland
724:
Dr David Willien, 16th Earl of Erroll, 17th Baron of Tulloch
556:
Susan Clarke Livingston, Countess of Arran, Lady Balquidder
550:
403:
barony and fall within the jurisdiction of the King of Arms.
208:
926:
List of Marquisates and Dukedoms in the Baronage of Scotland
1495:"Decision of Lord Lyon King of Arms "Skye, 8 October 2009""
1463:"Decision of Lord Lyon King of Arms "Skye, 8 October 2009""
1431:"Decision of Lord Lyon King of Arms "Skye, 8 October 2009""
1369:"Decision of Lord Lyon King of Arms "Skye, 8 October 2009""
1249:
Ancient Peerages, 2nd Edition, Edinburgh, 1785, pp 127-130
370:
A feudal earl/marquis/duke ranks above both a baron and a
1393:
896:
Dr Roland Zettel, Earl of Wigtoun, Lord of Cumbernauld
1112:
Higher dignities compared to baronage titles, erected
378:. Earldoms, marquisates and dukedoms are very rare.
1204:) are of the ancient Feudal Nobility of Scotland".
1029:Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 16th Duke of Hamilton
765:Charles Gordon-Lennox, Earl of March and Kinrara
1589:
1107:
448:before the name is the holder's primary title.
972:the holder wish to have their details withdrawn
359:, which meant that the holder was appointed by
1121:Click here for a list of Lordships of Regality
979:The Marquisate, Earldom and Lordship of Huntly
1285:
1078:List of Lordships in the Baronage of Scotland
1033:Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, Marquis of Douglas
316:
1196:nobiliary Court and in the Court of Session
1093:List of Baronies in the Baronage of Scotland
918:of feudal origin sometimes have a duplicate
761:Charles Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond
429:List of Earldoms in the Baronage of Scotland
497:Christiano Arnhold Simoes, Earl of Aboyne
27:Baronial title of Scottish ancient nobility
1200:and that the estait of the Baronage (i.e.
323:
309:
1578:Abolition of Feudal Tenure Act, Scotland;
224:List of family seats of Scottish nobility
1215:"Feudal Baronies and Manorial Lordships"
1613:Marquessates in the Peerage of Scotland
1575:Register of the Great Seal of Scotland;
1363:
1361:
1359:
1338:"Baronage – Registry of Scots Nobility"
1097:The first degree of baronage nobility.
695:Hugh Montgomerie, 19th Earl of Eglinton
14:
1590:
418:Abolition of Feudal Tenure Act of 2000
1344:from the original on 27 February 2024
1231:from the original on 7 September 2008
513:granting arms in person to the Earl:
425:lord/earl/marquis/duke) on petition.
1411:from the original on 29 January 2023
1356:
1175:lord/earl/marquis/duke) on petition.
1608:Dukedoms in the Peerage of Scotland
1598:Earldoms in the Peerage of Scotland
1317:
24:
1171:nobler titles of baron within the
810:Oliver St John, Viscount Kirkwall
25:
1624:
1198:recognised as a 'titled nobility'
1133:Lords in the Baronage of Scotland
806:Peter St John, 9th Earl of Orkney
355:. The holder may or may not be a
18:Earls in the Baronage of Scotland
1584:Baronetcy Warrants of Charles I.
1021:
889:
828:
798:
753:
717:
687:
670:Robert Douglas, Earl of Dunbar
663:
625:
600:Alan MacKay was the former Earl
587:
549:
490:
393:
289:
262:
33:
1553:
1536:
1519:
1487:
1455:
1423:
1298:. 30 April 2015. Archived from
1160:
278:Convention of the Three Estates
259:Order of precedence in Scotland
1330:
1323:General Register Office, ed.,
1261:
1252:
1243:
1207:
1189:
507:Earldom and Lordship of Aboyne
13:
1:
1182:
1108:List of Lordships of Regality
645:Baron of Auchterutherstruther
147:Barons / Baronesses or Ladies
136:Titled nobles in the Baronage
639:father is Baron of Inneryne
7:
1126:
91:(1st degree) 90% are barons
10:
1629:
699:Rhuridh, Lord Montgomerie
1405:The Armorial Register, UK
1327:, Edinburgh, 1882, p. 339
1068:
1052:
1039:title has feudal origins
1000:
970:
895:
887:
884:
834:
826:
777:
723:
715:
712:
638:
636:
631:
623:
620:
617:
599:
596:
593:
585:
582:
579:
560:
558:
555:
547:
528:
79:Baronial Rank of Nobility
1153:
614:Earl of Crawfurd-Lindsay
229:Scottish Barony Register
204:Clan chief and chieftain
500:Hannah Arnhold Simões,
409:feudal Earldom of Arran
343:is an ancient title of
239:Territorial designation
1166:In 2010 the Lord Lyon
1148:English feudal earldom
1114:in liberam regalitatem
400:Lord Lyon King of Arms
107:(3rd degree) very rare
99:(2nd degree) very rare
1603:Feudalism in Scotland
1173:Baronage of Scotland
1138:Baronage of Scotland
423:Baronage of Scotland
341:Baronage of Scotland
68:Baronage of Scotland
1305:on 8 September 2015
1258:Institutes, II.3.45
1143:Peerage of Scotland
904:Lord of Cumbernauld
576:Earl of Breadalbane
568:Baron of Balquidder
376:Peerage of Scotland
296:Scotland portal
123:(5th degree) only 1
115:(4th degree) only 1
502:Mistress of Aboyne
162:Marquis & Duke
157:Earls / Countesses
49:cap of maintenance
1581:Statutes of 1592;
1269:"Lyon Court Note"
1075:
1074:
964:Marquis of Huntly
912:
911:
772:Earl of Nithsdale
337:Earl/Marquis/Duke
333:
332:
189:The Much Honoured
184:Lords of Regality
16:(Redirected from
1620:
1568:
1567:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1506:
1500:. Archived from
1499:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1474:
1468:. Archived from
1467:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1442:
1436:. Archived from
1435:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1380:
1374:. Archived from
1373:
1365:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1334:
1328:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1304:
1297:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1281:on 3 March 2016.
1280:
1274:. Archived from
1273:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1230:
1219:
1211:
1205:
1193:
1176:
1164:
1062:Duke of Montrose
1025:
1010:Duke of Hamilton
936:
935:
893:
852:
847:
842:
832:
802:
757:
731:Baron of Tulloch
721:
691:
677:Earl of Eglinton
667:
629:
591:
553:
494:
451:
450:
357:Lord of Regality
325:
318:
311:
294:
293:
292:
279:
266:
234:Forms of address
70:
62:Ancient Nobility
37:
30:
29:
21:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1588:
1587:
1572:
1571:
1558:
1554:
1541:
1537:
1524:
1520:
1510:
1508:
1507:on 3 March 2016
1504:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1478:
1476:
1475:on 3 March 2016
1472:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1446:
1444:
1443:on 3 March 2016
1440:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1384:
1382:
1381:on 3 March 2016
1378:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1357:
1347:
1345:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1278:
1271:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1202:Barones Minores
1194:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1179:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1129:
1110:
1095:
1080:
928:
914:Note that some
878:Earl of Wigtoun
869:Sheriff of Fife
848:
843:
838:
606:Lord of Braemar
435:incomplete list
431:
396:
329:
300:
290:
288:
277:
271:
270:
269:
261:
214:Younger (title)
178:
177:
168:
167:
166:
138:
137:
128:
127:
126:
81:
80:
66:
58:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1626:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1552:
1535:
1518:
1486:
1454:
1422:
1392:
1355:
1329:
1316:
1284:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1222:baronage.co.uk
1206:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1128:
1125:
1109:
1106:
1094:
1091:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1064:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1048:
1046:Duke of Lennox
1041:
1040:
1034:
1031:
1026:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1005:
1004:
999:
996:
994:Duke of Albany
989:
988:
987:
986:
985:January 1992".
982:
974:
969:
966:
959:
958:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
940:
927:
924:
920:baronage title
916:peerage titles
910:
909:
906:
900:
899:
894:
886:
883:
880:
873:
872:
864:
863:
860:
858:Lord of Leslie
854:
853:
833:
825:
822:
819:
817:Earl of Rothes
812:
811:
808:
803:
795:
792:
789:
787:Earl of Orkney
782:
781:
776:
774:
767:
766:
763:
758:
750:
747:
744:
742:Earl of Lennox
738:
737:
734:
726:
725:
722:
714:
711:
708:
706:Earl of Erroll
701:
700:
697:
692:
684:
682:
679:
672:
671:
668:
660:
658:
655:
653:Earl of Dunbar
648:
647:
641:
640:
637:
635:
630:
622:
619:
616:
609:
608:
602:
601:
598:
597:Paul Sullivan
595:
592:
584:
581:
578:
571:
570:
564:
563:
559:
557:
554:
546:
543:
540:
533:
532:
527:
524:
517:
516:
504:
498:
495:
487:
484:
481:
479:Earl of Aboyne
474:
473:
470:
467:
464:
461:
458:
455:
430:
427:
395:
392:
365:death sentence
331:
330:
328:
327:
320:
313:
305:
302:
301:
299:
298:
285:
282:
281:
273:
272:
268:
267:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
180:
179:
175:
174:
173:
170:
169:
165:
164:
159:
154:
149:
140:
139:
135:
134:
133:
130:
129:
125:
124:
116:
108:
100:
92:
83:
82:
78:
77:
76:
73:
72:
54:
53:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1625:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1565:
1564:
1556:
1548:
1547:
1539:
1531:
1530:
1522:
1503:
1496:
1490:
1471:
1464:
1458:
1439:
1432:
1426:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1377:
1370:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1326:
1320:
1301:
1294:
1288:
1277:
1270:
1264:
1255:
1246:
1227:
1223:
1216:
1210:
1203:
1199:
1192:
1188:
1174:
1169:
1163:
1159:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1115:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1071:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1003:
997:
995:
991:
990:
983:
980:
977:
976:
975:
973:
967:
965:
961:
960:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
937:
934:
931:
923:
921:
917:
907:
905:
902:
901:
898:
892:
881:
879:
875:
874:
871:
870:
866:
865:
861:
859:
856:
855:
851:
846:
841:
837:
831:
823:
820:
818:
814:
813:
809:
807:
804:
801:
796:
793:
790:
788:
784:
783:
780:
775:
773:
769:
768:
764:
762:
759:
756:
751:
748:
745:
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349:en baroneum
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144:List of –
1511:9 August
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1127:See also
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345:nobility
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1348:17 May
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