1419:
50:
937:
1358:
26:
1391:
757:
counterparts. The French ships dwarfed their
Chinese counterparts, and following a discussion between the leaders of each fleet, the French put on a firing demonstration. Afterwards, the Chinese fleet broke up with
846:. Within a few minutes, fires broke out, which quickly engulfed the central superstructure with its numerous wooden partitions covered with thick layers of flammable varnish applied over the years.
804:
continued to operate together. They operated out of Taku, but since the water froze over during winter, they would spend that part of the year in the Korean port of
Chemulpo (now
823:
was one of four ships which ended up behind the others. This was due to a lack of maintenance over the years; with their equipment out of date, they could barely make 10
1344:
143:
748:
603:. These shields were added for weather proofing reasons, but restricted the angle of fire that could be taken, as well as the elevation they could fire at.
835:
teamed together. This battle plan was alien to the premise of their design, inherent in the lack of armour for ships about to fight in the line of battle.
659:
on 15 January 1880, and launched on 4 November. She was subsequently worked up, and was announced as completed on 15 July, a day after her sister ship,
1917:
1335:
819:
As the
Japanese fleet moved in, the Chinese fleet moved away from anchor and attempted for form up in a line. However, the manoeuvre was botched and
531:
of 15.5 ft (4.7 m). The ships were manned by 140 crew. The most significant difference between the two ships was the power output of their
420:
on 17 September 1894. She was one of the early casualties of the battle, being set alight, and sinking after a collision with the
Chinese cruiser
1483:
782:
were sent south to
Shanghai in November, but were then brought back north after concerns were raised about growing Japanese influences in Korea.
607:
also had four 5.1 inches (130 mm) inch guns, (two to each side), two 57 mm (2.2 in) long guns, four 11 mm (0.43 in)
816:
remained with the fleet and was supporting troop transports when they made contact with a
Japanese fleet on the morning of 17 September.
1057:
1521:
684:
Each of the
Chinese vessels were equipped with Chinese crews, with Western captains and instructors in place. They sailed out of the
1937:
1907:
1488:
573:
They both were constructed out of 0.75 inches (1.9 cm) steel with waterproof bulkhead 3.5 ft (1.1 m) below the
1927:
1328:
1299:
1280:
1233:
1947:
1922:
716:
was boarded by
Hongzhang, and the two cruisers took the diplomat to inspect the dredging of the port at Taku (now the
1214:
1942:
1902:
1321:
774:
saw no action, although there was speculation that the two cruisers might be sent to break the French blockade of
1659:
1756:
500:
347:
84:
1932:
1514:
1461:
696:
joined them to take command of the ships for the journey to China. Following their arrival on 20 October in
481:, which preceded it in construction, although several changes were made, including increasing the number of
1952:
596:
264:
1816:
1244:
791:
458:. In theory, the ship would rely on its small size and higher speed, along with a higher muzzle velocity
417:
1878:
1871:
1828:
1611:
1531:
1792:
1575:
1404:
1371:
672:
476:
371:
936:
1507:
624:
240:
585:. They had a number of technical innovations, including hydraulic steering systems and electrical
1671:
1647:
1439:
1273:
Breaking with the Past: The
Maritime Customs Service and the Global Origins of Modernity in China
1182:
1062:
809:
739:
494:
439:
409:
381:
355:
1804:
1467:
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854:
attempted to make way to a nearby island to beach itself, it collided with the
Chinese cruiser
668:
421:
367:
1424:
916:
648:
590:
343:
1499:
1203:
551:
540:
196:
1551:
827:(19 km/h; 12 mph). Orders had been given for the ships to operate in pairs, with
532:
209:
8:
1912:
1852:
1731:
593:
508:
351:
261:
88:
1768:
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861:
678:
586:
1840:
1295:
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1210:
455:
451:
643:
was made aware of Rendel's designs, and following the start of the construction on
447:
305:
1707:
767:
717:
616:
524:
405:
391:
864:
and sinking in shallow water nearby. Some of the crew were rescued by a Chinese
1719:
1683:
929:
689:
577:, a single smokestack, and twin masts, which could also be used for sails. The
520:
413:
323:
289:
55:
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34:
386:. Both would serve together throughout their careers, assigned to the
701:
697:
582:
574:
25:
599:
cannons, one on the bow and one on the stern, mounted in stationary
736:
705:
450:. The design was later seen as an intermediate concept between his
160:
882:
880:
805:
775:
443:
395:
339:
149:
1011:
1564:
763:
313:
877:
1529:
1075:
438:
was advertised by its designer, British naval architect Sir
839:
578:
1028:
1026:
677:
after Chile cancelled the order following the end of the
511:. Mitchell had worked alongside Rendel, and was building
270:
4 × Armstrong Whitworth 120 mm (4.7 in) cannons
1201:
Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979).
943:
842:(2,700 m), the Japanese fleet began to fire on the
1126:
1124:
1111:
1109:
1038:
1023:
1136:
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1148:
987:
972:
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1202:
1181:
1017:
1205:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905
766:), and the two cruisers sailed back to Taku. The
724:in the north, and Ruchang was placed in command.
1894:
1246:The Japan-China War: The Naval Battle of Haiyang
1200:
886:
1484:List of cruisers of the Imperial Japanese Navy
1228:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
1515:
1489:List of cruisers of the Imperial Chinese Navy
1329:
1249:. Yokohama, Japan: Kelly and Walsh, Limited.
1343:
462:to attack larger, less maneuverable ships.
333:
1522:
1508:
1336:
1322:
1270:
949:
527:of 32 ft (9.8 m) and an average
499:shared the same design, and were built by
376:). Two ships were ordered by the Chinese,
1918:First Sino-Japanese War cruisers of China
1532:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1894
1196:. Portsmouth, UK: J. Griffin and Company.
667:, who instead would enter service as the
471:s basic design was initially used on the
1223:
1209:. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press.
898:
1275:. New York: Columbia University Press.
1253:
1191:
1142:
850:quickly suffered the same fate. As the
785:
770:broke out shortly afterwards, although
647:, an order was placed on behalf of the
554:(1,996 kW). This meant that while
328:
273:2 × twin Armstrong Whitworth 9-pounders
1895:
1289:
1242:
1166:
1154:
1130:
1115:
1100:
1088:
1044:
1032:
1005:
993:
981:
966:
1503:
1317:
1226:British Cruisers of the Victorian Era
1187:. Shanghai: North China Herald. 1884.
753:, when the Chinese vessels met their
46:
663:. They were both completed ahead of
623:. Both ships were equipped with two
1266:. London: Cassier Magazine Company.
720:). Both ships were assigned to the
358:which had already been used on the
13:
589:fixtures. The main armaments were
404:did not see any action during the
14:
1964:
1309:
1256:"Torpedo Boats in Modern Warfare"
570:(31.1 km/h; 19.3 mph).
1417:
1389:
1356:
935:
651:for two ships of the same type.
611:, four 37 mm (1.5 in)
354:, England, from a design by Sir
48:
24:
1050:
1294:. London: Chatham Publishing.
904:
519:measured 220 feet (67 m)
442:, as an example of a low-cost
318:
16:Chinese Tsukushi-class cruiser
1:
1938:Cruisers of the Beiyang Fleet
1908:Ships built on the River Tyne
1290:Wright, Richard N.J. (2000).
1175:
692:two days later where Admiral
627:, which were each armed with
566:could go faster at 16.8
562:(30 km/h; 18 mph),
1928:Shipwrecks in the Yellow Sea
1254:Jacques, William H. (1898).
1192:Brassey, T. A., ed. (1895).
1066:. 31 January 1885. p. 1
920:. 12 January 1885. p. 5
887:Chesneau & Kolesnik 1979
838:At a distance of 3,000
688:on 9 August, and stopped in
558:could achieve a speed of 16
7:
1948:Sino-French War naval ships
792:Battle of Yalu River (1894)
708:, before travelling to the
550:engine supplied 2,677
229:(30 km/h; 18 mph)
10:
1969:
1923:Maritime incidents in 1894
789:
700:, they toured Canton (now
597:254 mm (10.0 in)
265:254 mm (10.0 in)
1866:
1744:
1539:
1479:
1450:
1415:
1387:
1354:
1271:van de Ven, Hans (2014).
1224:Friedman, Norman (2012).
634:
446:able to withstand larger
429:
412:, she was in the Chinese
338:'Valiant') was a
309:
187:15.5 ft (4.7 m)
134:
41:
23:
1243:Inouye, Jukichi (1895).
871:
398:, Korea, in the winter.
1943:Chaoyong-class cruisers
1903:Tsukushi-class cruisers
1018:The Desk Hong List 1884
868:engaged in the battle.
810:First Sino-Japanese War
762:headed to Foochow (now
539:had an output of 2,580
485:from four to six. Both
440:George Wightwick Rendel
410:First Sino-Japanese War
394:during the summer, and
356:George Wightwick Rendel
179:32 ft (9.8 m)
171:220 ft (67 m)
135:General characteristics
130:Sank, 17 September 1894
1364:Imperial Japanese Navy
1292:The Chinese Steam Navy
912:"Hostilities in China"
731:was present alongside
669:Imperial Japanese Navy
368:Imperial Japanese Navy
1425:Imperial Chinese Navy
917:Sydney Morning Herald
649:Imperial Chinese Navy
533:reciprocating engines
344:Imperial Chinese Navy
1933:Naval ships of China
860:, before listing to
786:Battle of Yalu River
541:indicated horsepower
418:Battle of Yalu River
234:Boats & landing
210:Reciprocating engine
1953:Shipwrecks of China
796:Following the war,
594:Armstrong Whitworth
581:was reinforced for
543:(1,920 kilowatts),
509:Newcastle Upon Tyne
352:Newcastle Upon Tyne
346:. She was built by
262:Armstrong Whitworth
89:Newcastle Upon Tyne
1260:Cassier's Magazine
1184:The Desk Hong List
1058:"The Chinese Navy"
679:War of the Pacific
615:, two 4-barrelled
587:incandescent light
452:flat-iron gunboats
1888:
1887:
1497:
1496:
1301:978-1-86176-144-6
1282:978-0-231-51052-3
1235:978-1-59114-068-9
1047:, pp. 62–63.
1035:, pp. 60–61.
735:, as well as the
727:On 23 June 1884,
639:Chinese diplomat
619:, as well as two
456:protected cruiser
448:ironclad warships
350:& Company in
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297:
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501:Charles Mitchell
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348:Charles Mitchell
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106:11 November 1880
85:Charles Mitchell
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768:Sino-French War
718:Port of Tianjin
637:
547:
468:
434:The design for
432:
406:Sino-French War
290:Nordenfelt guns
288:2 × 4-barreled
235:
199:(1,920 kW)
192:Installed power
98:15 January 1880
87:& Company,
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875:
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808:). During the
790:Main article:
787:
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613:Hotchkiss guns
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883:
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876:
869:
867:
863:
859:
858:
853:
849:
845:
841:
836:
834:
830:
826:
822:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
793:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
756:
752:
751:
747:
743:
742:
738:
734:
730:
725:
723:
722:Beiyang Fleet
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
682:
680:
676:
675:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
632:
630:
626:
622:
621:torpedo tubes
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
595:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
497:
492:
488:
484:
483:steam boilers
480:
479:
474:
467:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
427:
425:
424:
419:
415:
411:
408:, but in the
407:
403:
399:
397:
393:
390:and based in
389:
388:Beiyang Fleet
385:
384:
379:
375:
374:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
331:
325:
321:
315:
307:
303:
302:
291:
287:
285:
281:
279:
275:
272:
269:
266:
263:
259:
258:
257:
254:
253:
249:
246:
245:
242:
238:
236:craft carried
233:
232:
228:
224:
221:
220:
214:
211:
208:
207:
206:
203:
202:
198:
194:
191:
190:
186:
183:
182:
178:
175:
174:
170:
167:
166:
162:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
146:
142:
139:
138:
133:
129:
126:
125:
121:
118:
117:
113:
110:
109:
105:
102:
101:
97:
94:
93:
90:
86:
83:
80:
79:
75:
72:
71:
68:
65:
62:
61:
57:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1890:
1854:
1841:
1829:
1817:
1805:
1793:
1781:
1769:
1757:
1733:Inishtrahull
1732:
1720:
1708:
1696:
1684:
1672:
1660:
1648:
1636:
1635:
1624:
1612:
1600:
1588:
1576:
1563:
1552:
1468:
1462:
1455:
1440:
1433:
1432:
1405:
1397:Chilean Navy
1377:
1372:
1345:
1291:
1272:
1263:
1259:
1245:
1225:
1204:
1193:
1183:
1162:
1157:, p. 3.
1150:
1143:Brassey 1895
1138:
1096:
1084:
1074:– via
1068:. Retrieved
1063:The Examiner
1061:
1052:
1040:
1013:
1001:
989:
945:
928:– via
922:. Retrieved
915:
906:
894:
866:torpedo boat
856:
851:
847:
843:
837:
832:
828:
820:
818:
813:
801:
797:
795:
779:
771:
759:
749:
740:
732:
728:
726:
713:
694:Ding Ruchang
683:
673:
664:
660:
652:
644:
641:Li Hongzhang
638:
609:Gatling guns
604:
572:
563:
555:
544:
536:
521:long overall
516:
512:
495:
486:
477:
473:Chilean Navy
465:
464:
460:main battery
435:
433:
422:
401:
400:
382:
377:
372:
363:
360:Chilean Navy
327:
317:
300:
299:
298:
278:Gatling guns
212:, two shafts
156:Displacement
144:
119:Commissioned
114:14 July 1881
66:
30:
18:
1830:Sarah Dixon
1601:Valkyrie II
1589:Los Angeles
1406:Arturo Prat
1378:Arturo Prat
1167:Wright 2000
1155:Inouye 1895
1131:Wright 2000
1116:Wright 2000
1101:Wright 2000
1089:Wright 2000
1070:11 December
1045:Wright 2000
1033:Wright 2000
1006:Wright 2000
994:Wright 2000
982:Wright 2000
967:Wright 2000
924:13 December
755:French Navy
665:Arturo Prat
645:Arturo Prat
601:gun shields
513:Arturo Prat
491:sister ship
478:Arturo Prat
366:(later the
364:Arturo Prat
215:Six boilers
195:2,580
1913:1880 ships
1897:Categories
1540:Shipwrecks
1466:(Japan) /
1176:References
778:. She and
710:Taku Forts
686:Tyne River
505:River Tyne
329:Ch'ao-yung
324:Wade–Giles
282:4 × 37 mm
276:4 × 11 mm
247:Complement
204:Propulsion
35:River Tyne
1853:RMS
1842:Pickhuben
1758:Huntcliff
1697:Wairarapa
1613:Matchless
1553:Kearsarge
862:starboard
812:in 1894,
702:Guangzhou
698:Hong Kong
657:laid down
575:waterline
523:, with a
161:long tons
111:Completed
95:Laid down
1661:Jingyuan
1637:Chaoyong
1625:Colonist
1434:Chaoyong
1373:Tsukushi
1346:Tsukushi
852:Chaoyong
844:Chaoyong
829:Chaoyong
821:Chaoyong
814:Chaoyong
798:Chaoyong
772:Chaoyong
744:and the
737:corvette
729:Chaoyong
714:Chaoyong
706:Shanghai
674:Tsukushi
653:Chaoyong
625:pinnaces
605:Chaoyong
564:Chaoyong
545:Chaoyong
535:; while
517:Chaoyang
489:and her
487:Chaoyong
466:Chaoyong
454:and the
436:Chaoyong
402:Chaoyong
396:Chemulpo
378:Chaoyong
373:Tsukushi
319:Chāoyǒng
301:Chaoyong
255:Armament
241:Pinnaces
225:16
145:Tsukushi
103:Launched
67:Chaoyong
31:Chaoyong
1838:19 Nov:
1818:Lurline
1802:c. Oct:
1790:c. Aug:
1766:21 Mar:
1754:12 Feb:
1729:c. Dec:
1717:22 Dec:
1705:23 Nov:
1693:24 Oct:
1681:26 Sep:
1673:Yangwei
1669:17 Sep:
1657:17 Sep:
1649:Zhiyuan
1645:17 Sep:
1633:17 Sep:
1585:22 Apr:
1573:24 Feb:
1561:26 Feb:
1472:(China)
1441:Yangwei
848:Yangwei
833:Yangwei
806:Incheon
802:Yangwei
780:Yangwei
776:Formosa
760:Yang-Wu
733:Yangwei
661:Yangwei
583:ramming
556:Yangwei
537:Yangwei
503:on the
496:Yangwei
475:vessel
444:cruiser
416:at the
383:Yangwei
362:vessel
340:cruiser
306:Chinese
267:cannons
184:Draught
150:cruiser
81:Builder
73:Ordered
42:History
1879:1895 →
1872:← 1893
1826:9 Nov:
1814:9 Nov:
1778:3 May:
1621:9 Sep:
1609:3 Sep:
1597:5 Jul:
1577:Aarhus
1565:Detmar
1549:2 Feb:
1469:Jiyuan
1422:
1394:
1361:
1298:
1279:
1232:
1213:
857:Jiyuan
764:Fuzhou
750:Kangji
741:Yangwu
704:) and
635:Career
548:'s
430:Design
423:Jiyuan
326::
316::
314:pinyin
308::
168:Length
159:1,350
147:-class
1850:Unkn:
1721:Abana
1709:Ozama
1463:Takao
1076:Trove
872:Notes
746:sloop
560:knots
529:draft
507:near
469:'
222:Speed
1685:Ohio
1456:None
1376:(ex-
1296:ISBN
1277:ISBN
1230:ISBN
1211:ISBN
1072:2016
926:2016
831:and
800:and
655:was
579:prow
525:beam
414:line
392:Taku
380:and
335:lit.
260:2 ×
239:2 x
176:Beam
127:Fate
76:1879
63:Name
1782:115
671:'s
552:ihp
370:'s
250:140
197:ihp
1899::
1264:14
1262:.
1258:.
1123:^
1108:^
1060:.
1025:^
974:^
957:^
914:.
879:^
840:yd
825:kn
712:.
681:.
631:.
568:kn
515:.
493:,
426:.
332:;
322:;
312:;
310:超勇
227:kn
1523:e
1516:t
1509:v
1380:)
1337:e
1330:t
1323:v
1304:.
1285:.
1238:.
1219:.
1078:.
932:.
304:(
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