199:
He says that since homes are relatively infrequent purchases, people tend to remember the purchase price of a home from long ago and are surprised at the difference between then and now. However, most of the difference in the prices can be explained by inflation. He also discusses how people consistently overestimate the appreciation in the value of their homes. The US Census, since 1940, has asked home owners to estimate the value of their homes. The home-owners' estimates reflect an appreciation of 2% per year in real terms, which is significantly more than the 0.7% actual increase over the same interval as reflected in Case-Shiller index.
1174:. According to Shiller, one of the main purposes of futures and options trading in the Case-Shiller indices is to allow people to hedge the real estate market. The problem, however, is that the volume of trading in these markets is small enough as to make them relatively illiquid which creates a risk for the investor in these securities. Shiller himself has said that “there has been a disappointing volume of trade in these futures markets.” The volume traded in the CME S&P Case-Shiller Index for the full year 2007 was 2,995 contracts. That number declined over the following years, and throughout 2017 only 136 contracts traded.
858:
916:
62:
928:
20:
70:
308:
100:. There are multiple Case–Shiller home price indices: A national home price index, a 20-city composite index, a 10-city composite index, and twenty individual metro area indices. These indices were first produced commercially by Case Shiller Weiss. They are now calculated and kept monthly by Standard & Poor's, with data calculated for January 1987 to present. The indices kept by Standard & Poor are normalized to a value of 100 in January 2000. They are based on original work by economists
28:
108:, whose team calculated the home price index back to 1990. Case and Shiller's index is normalized to a value of 100 in 1990. The Case-Shiller index on Shiller's website is updated quarterly. The two datasets can greatly differ due to different reference points and calculations. For example, in the 4th quarter of 2013, the Standard and Poor 20 city index point was in the 160's, while the index point for 4th quarter on the Shiller data was in the 130's. Shiller claims in his book
2512:
78:
2538:
909:
has mostly fluctuated between 100 and 120, with peaks (followed by precipitous falls) in 1Q 1979 (which peaked at 122), 3Q 1989 (at 126), and 1Q 2006 (at 198). After the 2000s housing bubble, the low point of the index was in 1Q 2012, at 114. By 4Q 2013 the index had rebounded to 134. As of
December 2019 (as per: "fred.stlouisfed.org") the S&P/Case‑Shiller U. S. National Home Price Index was at 213.789.
2525:
195:. Contrary to popular belief, there has been no continuous uptrend in home prices in the US and the home prices show a strong tendency to return to their 1890 level in real terms. Moreover, he illustrates how the pattern of changes in home prices bears no relation to changes in construction costs, interest rates or population.
165:
a bubble, after all the period after World War II had seen a substantial rise in real prices without any subsequent drop as apparent in the chart. The prices peaked in the first quarter of 2006, when the index kept by
Shiller recorded a level of 198.01, but fell rapidly after that to 113.89 in the first quarter of 2012.
908:
Using Case and
Shiller's original methods, the national index attained its all-time high of 198.01 in 2006 Q1. The S&P index attained an all-time high in July 2006, at a value of 206.52. On December 30, 2008, the index recorded its largest year-to-year drop. Since World War II, the original index
164:
book in 2005, when, according to him, the data looked like "a rocket taking off". In his book he expresses skepticism over "the long-run stability of home prices", given that the rise in home prices was much higher than the rise in income. However, he refrains from explicitly stating that this may be
198:
Shiller notes that there is a strong perception across the globe that home prices are continuously increasing, and that this kind of sentiment and paradigm may be fueling bubbles in real estate markets. He points to some psychological heuristics that may be responsible for creating this perception.
126:
who served as the CEO of Case
Shiller Weiss from the company's 1991 inception until its sale to Fiserv in 2002. Case developed a method for comparing repeat sales of the same homes in an effort to study home pricing trends. He was using data from house sales in Boston in the early 1980s, which was
139:
and economic bubbles, and together formed a repeat-sales index using home sales prices data from other cities across the country. In 1991, while Weiss was in graduate school he formed an informal working relationship with
Shiller. Weiss proposed to Case and Shiller to form a company, Case Shiller
260:
Prices remained consistently higher than the 1890 level during this period, though they gradually declined. Shiller cites the end of World War II, beginning of the Baby Boom and the GI Bill of Rights (1944) that subsidized home purchases. He also claims that the scars of the Great
Depression
315:
The S&P index family includes 20 metropolitan area indices and two composite indices as aggregates of the metropolitan areas. These indices are three-month moving averages. The composite and city indices are normalized to have a value of 100 in
January 2000.
339:
using a modified version of the weighted-repeat sales methodology. This method is able to adjust for the quality of the homes sold, unlike simple indices based on averages. The CSXR is a three-month moving average as are the indices that compose it.
159:
The years 2006–2012 saw the largest crash in global real estate markets in recent history; whether this could have been predicted using the Case–Shiller index is up for dispute. Shiller did see some early signs. He released the second edition of his
231:, is that real home prices show a remarkable tendency to return to their 1890 level. However, there have been some key periods where the prices have departed from this level. Shiller offers some explanations for these episodes in his book:
206:
Mobility: Shiller argues that "people and business will, if home prices are high enough, move far away, even leaving an area completely". Land may be scarce locally, but urban land area is only 2.6% of the total land area in the United
1458:
Allan Weiss, who did graduate work informally advised by
Shiller. He then persuaded the professors to form a company to produce the indexes commercially in 1991. In 2002 they sold Case Shiller Weiss to electronic data giant Fiserv
218:
Thus, real home prices are essentially trend-less and do not show any continuous uptrend or downtrend in the long-run. This is not limited to the US as it is also observed in the real home price indices of
Netherlands and Norway.
210:
Easing land restrictions: Increasing prices put pressure on the government to ease restrictions on land in terms of how much can be built on a particular amount of land and also the amount of land available for
927:
2564:
1348:
784:
458:
1171:
1273:
634:
503:
531:
using a modified version of the weighted-repeat sales methodology. This method is able to adjust for the quality of the homes sold, unlike simple indices based on averages.
1476:
214:
Technology
Improvements: Construction technology has improved considerably making home building cheaper and faster, which puts downward pressure on home prices.
292:
divisions. It is calculated monthly, using a three-month moving average. The S&P national index is normalized to have a value of 100 in the January 2000.
238:: This was the only period where prices were considerably below their 1890 level throughout. The start of the decline roughly corresponds with the start of
1706:
1497:
1303:
739:
694:
383:
1446:
1721:
1288:
814:
649:
443:
915:
2496:
1213:
574:
428:
664:
2451:
679:
1814:
1243:
1228:
604:
589:
488:
473:
122:
The indices are calculated from data on repeat sales of single-family homes, an approach developed by economists Case, Shiller and
288:
The S&P CoreLogic Case–Shiller U.S. National Home Price Index is a composite of single-family home price indices for the nine
1957:
1819:
2466:
1685:
1856:
1669:
1644:
1585:
1555:
1530:
1420:
1790:
2456:
1318:
844:
799:
709:
559:
368:
2481:
1751:
724:
2279:
1962:
754:
152:, developed tradable indices based on the data for the markets which are now commonly called the Case-Shiller index.
900:(REIT). REIT's track commercial real estate most closely, rather than home prices, explaining the low correlation.
180:
1472:
1283:
1253:
1186:
829:
824:
644:
614:
438:
393:
1504:
2436:
2416:
1881:
1333:
1328:
769:
764:
413:
408:
2542:
1208:
569:
520:
423:
328:
2569:
2446:
2390:
1995:
1268:
1223:
897:
629:
584:
498:
468:
110:
202:
Shiller also offers some explanations as to why a continuous uptrend is not observed in real home prices:
135:, a commonly used term to describe similar market trends. Case sat down with Shiller, who was researching
2395:
2385:
1952:
749:
169:
140:
Weiss, to produce the index periodically with the intent of selling the information to the markets. The
2052:
1942:
1343:
809:
779:
453:
243:
2000:
1897:
1849:
1298:
839:
689:
674:
554:
378:
1912:
2528:
2194:
2083:
1932:
524:
332:
149:
86:
857:
2294:
2254:
2020:
734:
114:
that such a long series of home prices does not appear to have been published for any country.
131:. While Case argued that such a boom was ultimately unsustainable, he had not considered it a
2355:
2335:
2309:
2299:
2259:
2127:
2088:
1990:
1947:
1937:
1922:
1902:
1367:
1258:
619:
398:
2516:
2269:
2199:
2062:
2005:
1927:
1917:
1907:
1842:
289:
141:
8:
2426:
2249:
2244:
2078:
1983:
1978:
1372:
2476:
2350:
2304:
2284:
2117:
2098:
2040:
2015:
191:
Shiller draws some key insights from his analysis of long term home prices in his book
136:
54:
1768:
61:
2380:
2189:
2172:
2132:
2057:
2047:
2025:
2010:
1747:
1700:
1665:
1640:
1581:
1551:
1526:
1416:
1362:
794:
528:
336:
105:
93:
183:, both of which are included in profit/loss considerations for investment purposes.
2400:
2375:
2274:
2216:
2177:
2137:
1610:
247:
1170:
Case–Shiller indexes are available for trading as futures and futures options.
2264:
2211:
132:
19:
307:
2491:
2471:
2431:
2370:
2152:
2122:
1313:
933:
Comparison the percentage change for the housing correction beginning in 2006 (
889:
704:
659:
363:
2558:
2289:
2221:
2206:
2035:
1829:
1392:
1238:
861:
719:
599:
483:
296:
128:
97:
69:
81:
Case–Shiller home price indices, absolute and inflation adjusted, 2000–2016.
2461:
2360:
2345:
2319:
2142:
2108:
251:
176:
101:
44:
534:
The following indexes are combined to create the SPCS20R composite index:
299:) is updated quarterly, and is normalized to have a value of 100 in 1890.
27:
2486:
2340:
2162:
2157:
2030:
1865:
893:
881:
254:
all of which, Shiller argues, could have affected home prices negatively.
239:
123:
2441:
2314:
343:
The following indexes are combined to create the CXSR composite index:
175:
The index is a simplification of home values and does not account for
77:
153:
156:
acquired the Case Shiller Weiss business from Fiserv in April 2013.
2421:
2365:
2167:
2093:
1876:
1615:
1602:
168:
Options and futures based on Case-Shiller index are traded on the
73:
Case–Shiller home price index data, inflation adjusted, 1890–2018.
1603:"Understanding recent trends in house prices and home ownership"
273:: Reflects regional bubbles on West Coast as well as East Coast.
2226:
145:
1834:
880:
Macromarkets.com reports the US index has a slightly negative
2182:
1498:"S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Indices Futures and Options"
885:
1791:"Home prices off record 18% in past year, Case–Shiller says"
1464:
2147:
1824:
1820:
CoreLogic Acquisition and Overview of Case–Shiller Indexes
519:
is a composite index of the home price index for 20 major
327:
is a composite index of the home price index for 10 major
2565:
United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
1722:"Can you invest in real estate using home price indexes?"
523:
in the United States. The index is published monthly by
331:
in the United States. The index is published monthly by
295:
The index kept by Shiller (available on his website at
148:
bought Case Shiller Weiss in 2002 and, together with
1200:
A composite index of the top 10 MSAs in the country
31:
S&P/Case-Shiller U.S. National Home Price Index
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
227:Shiller's key observation, as outlined in his book
1630:
1628:
1626:
1470:
1349:New York–Northern New Jersey–Long Island, NY–NJ–PA
785:New York–Northern New Jersey–Long Island, NY–NJ–PA
459:New York–Northern New Jersey–Long Island, NY–NJ–PA
1571:
1569:
1567:
1406:
1404:
1402:
302:
2556:
1705:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1429:
1623:
921:Case–Shiller home-price index from 1890 to 2012
1737:
1735:
1688:. Archived from the original on March 28, 2007
1564:
1399:
2497:List of housing markets by real estate prices
1850:
1473:"CoreLogic acquires Case–Shiller from Fiserv"
267:: Reflects the regional bubble in California.
1447:"Bob Shiller didn't kill the housing market"
1444:
1274:Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV
875: Case-Shiller National Home Price Index
635:Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV
504:Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV
1746:. Princeton University Press. p. 392.
1732:
2537:
1857:
1843:
1664:. Princeton University Press. p. 15.
1639:. Princeton University Press. p. 16.
1580:. Princeton University Press. p. 22.
1550:. Princeton University Press. p. 19.
1525:. Princeton University Press. p. 14.
1415:. Princeton University Press. p. 13.
892:, but slightly positive correlation with
527:and uses the Case and Shiller method of a
335:and uses the Case and Shiller method of a
297:http://www.econ.yale.edu/~shiller/data.htm
222:
117:
1614:
90:CoreLogic Case–Shiller Home Price Indices
47:money supply increases % change Y/Y
856:
306:
186:
76:
68:
60:
26:
18:
1815:S&P/Case–Shiller Home Price Indices
1788:
1741:
1659:
1634:
1600:
1575:
1545:
1520:
1410:
1289:Miami–Fort Lauderdale–Pompano Beach, FL
740:Minneapolis–St. Paul–Bloomington, MN–WI
650:Miami–Fort Lauderdale–Pompano Beach, FL
444:Miami–Fort Lauderdale–Pompano Beach, FL
283:
2557:
1719:
951:(from original data set back to 1890)
279:: Global boom and bust in real estate.
1838:
1766:
511:
319:
261:deflected any speculative tendencies.
2524:
1825:S&P's Blog on the Housing Market
1214:Los Angeles–Long Beach–Santa Ana, CA
903:
869: Deposits, All Commercial Banks
575:Los Angeles–Long Beach–Santa Ana, CA
429:Los Angeles–Long Beach–Santa Ana, CA
1304:Chicago–Naperville–Joliet, IL–IN–WI
949:Selected Case–Shiller index values
815:Portland–Vancouver–Beaverton, OR–WA
695:Chicago–Naperville–Joliet, IL–IN–WI
665:Tampa–St. Petersburg–Clearwater, FL
384:Chicago–Naperville–Joliet, IL–IN–WI
13:
2482:Undergraduate real estate programs
680:Atlanta–Sandy Springs–Marietta, GA
65:Median housing price by metro area
14:
2581:
2280:Investment rating for real estate
1808:
1744:Irrational Exuberance 3rd edition
1503:. CME Group. 2008. Archived from
1471:Margaret Chadbourn (2013-04-25).
1244:San Francisco–Oakland–Fremont, CA
1229:San Diego–Carlsbad–San Marcos, CA
1172:Quotes are available from the CME
755:Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC
605:San Francisco–Oakland–Fremont, CA
590:San Diego–Carlsbad–San Marcos, CA
489:San Francisco–Oakland–Fremont, CA
474:San Diego–Carlsbad–San Marcos, CA
16:United States house price indices
2536:
2523:
2511:
2510:
1601:Shiller, Robert (October 2007).
926:
914:
244:Great Influenza Pandemic of 1918
181:home mortgage interest deduction
1864:
1760:
1713:
1678:
1653:
1479:from the original on 2013-04-30
1284:South Florida metropolitan area
1254:Denver-Aurora Metropolitan Area
864:compared to Case-Shiller Index
852:
830:Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington, TX
645:South Florida metropolitan area
615:Denver-Aurora Metropolitan Area
439:South Florida metropolitan area
394:Denver-Aurora Metropolitan Area
2437:Graduate real estate education
1882:Tertiary sector of the economy
1594:
1539:
1514:
1490:
1393:"Online Data - Robert Shiller"
1385:
521:Metropolitan Statistical Areas
329:Metropolitan Statistical Areas
303:The composite and city indices
1:
1830:Shiller's online data website
1378:
1165:
898:Real Estate Investment Trusts
23:Case-Shiller Home Price Index
2391:Real estate investment trust
1996:Extraterrestrial real estate
1789:Mantell, Ruth (2008-12-30).
1767:Dolan, John (22 June 2018).
1607:NBER Working Paper No. 13553
1269:Washington Metropolitan Area
1224:San Diego County, California
1183:Home Price Index description
630:Washington Metropolitan Area
585:San Diego County, California
543:Home Price Index description
499:Washington Metropolitan Area
469:San Diego County, California
352:Home Price Index description
311:20 metropolitan area indices
242:, which was followed by the
7:
2396:Real property administrator
2386:Real estate investment club
1720:Krantz, Matt (2011-05-26).
1445:Katie Benner (2009-07-07).
1356:
1329:Las Vegas metropolitan area
1319:Boston–Cambridge–Quincy, MA
845:Seattle–Tacoma–Bellevue, WA
825:Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex
800:Cleveland–Elyria–Mentor, OH
765:Las Vegas metropolitan area
750:Charlotte metropolitan area
710:Boston–Cambridge–Quincy, MA
560:Phoenix–Mesa–Scottsdale, AZ
409:Las Vegas metropolitan area
369:Boston–Cambridge–Quincy, MA
170:Chicago Mercantile Exchange
10:
2586:
2053:Private equity real estate
1344:New York metropolitan area
1334:Las Vegas–Paradise, NV MSA
810:Portland metropolitan area
780:New York metropolitan area
770:Las Vegas–Paradise, NV MSA
725:Detroit–Warren–Livonia, MI
454:New York metropolitan area
414:Las Vegas–Paradise, NV MSA
2505:
2409:
2328:
2235:
2107:
2071:
2001:International real estate
1971:
1890:
1872:
1299:Chicago metropolitan area
948:
840:Seattle metropolitan area
690:Chicago metropolitan area
675:Atlanta metropolitan area
555:Phoenix metropolitan area
379:Chicago metropolitan area
1742:Shiller, Robert (2015).
1660:Shiller, Robert (2005).
1635:Shiller, Robert (2005).
1576:Shiller, Robert (2005).
1546:Shiller, Robert (2005).
1521:Shiller, Robert (2005).
1411:Shiller, Robert (2005).
2195:Real estate transaction
2084:Real estate development
937:) and the correction (
223:Key events and episodes
118:History and methodology
37: Home Price Index
2295:Real estate derivative
2255:Effective gross income
2021:Healthcare real estate
1771:. homepricefutures.com
877:
735:Minneapolis-Saint Paul
312:
82:
74:
66:
58:
24:
2452:Industry trade groups
2356:Exclusive buyer agent
2310:Real estate valuation
2300:Real estate economics
2260:Gross rent multiplier
2089:Real estate investing
1991:Corporate Real Estate
1662:Irrational Exuberance
1637:Irrational Exuberance
1578:Irrational Exuberance
1548:Irrational Exuberance
1523:Irrational Exuberance
1413:Irrational Exuberance
1368:Real estate appraisal
860:
525:Standard & Poor's
333:Standard & Poor's
310:
229:Irrational Exuberance
193:Irrational Exuberance
187:Economic implications
162:Irrational Exuberance
150:Standard & Poor's
111:Irrational Exuberance
87:Standard & Poor's
80:
72:
64:
30:
22:
2270:Highest and best use
2236:Economics, financing
2200:Real estate contract
2094:Real estate flipping
2063:Residential property
2006:Lease administration
1958:United Arab Emirates
284:The national indices
2570:Real estate indices
2250:Capitalization rate
2245:Asset-based lending
2079:Property management
1984:Commercial building
1979:Commercial property
1373:Real estate pricing
1209:Greater Los Angeles
941:) beginning in 1989
570:Greater Los Angeles
424:Greater Los Angeles
94:house price indices
2477:Real estate trends
2381:Real estate broker
2351:Chartered Surveyor
2305:Real estate bubble
2285:Mortgage insurance
2118:Adverse possession
2041:Luxury real estate
2016:Garden real estate
878:
512:Composite 20 index
320:Composite 10 index
313:
137:behavioral finance
129:housing price boom
83:
75:
67:
59:
55:Federal funds rate
25:
2552:
2551:
2190:Property abstract
2173:Land registration
2133:Concurrent estate
2058:Real estate owned
2048:Off-plan property
2026:Vacation property
2011:Niche real estate
1671:978-0-691-12335-6
1646:978-0-691-12335-6
1587:978-0-691-12335-6
1557:978-0-691-12335-6
1532:978-0-691-12335-6
1422:978-0-691-12335-6
1363:House price index
1354:
1353:
1259:Denver–Aurora, CO
1163:
1162:
904:Historical values
850:
849:
795:Greater Cleveland
620:Denver–Aurora, CO
529:house price index
509:
508:
399:Denver–Aurora, CO
337:house price index
92:are repeat-sales
2577:
2540:
2539:
2527:
2526:
2514:
2513:
2457:Investment firms
2376:Property manager
2275:Home equity loan
2178:Leasehold estate
2138:Conditional sale
1859:
1852:
1845:
1836:
1835:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1739:
1730:
1729:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1704:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1632:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1573:
1562:
1561:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1502:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1442:
1427:
1426:
1408:
1397:
1396:
1389:
1177:
1176:
946:
945:
940:
936:
930:
918:
874:
868:
546:MSA designation
537:
536:
355:MSA designation
346:
345:
248:Great Depression
127:going through a
52:
42:
36:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2501:
2405:
2324:
2265:Hard money loan
2237:
2231:
2212:Rent regulation
2103:
2067:
1967:
1886:
1868:
1863:
1811:
1799:
1797:
1785:
1784:
1774:
1772:
1769:"CME CS Volume"
1765:
1761:
1754:
1740:
1733:
1718:
1714:
1698:
1697:
1691:
1689:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1672:
1658:
1654:
1647:
1633:
1624:
1599:
1595:
1588:
1574:
1565:
1558:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1519:
1515:
1510:on 8 July 2011.
1507:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1482:
1480:
1475:. Reuters.com.
1469:
1465:
1452:
1450:
1443:
1430:
1423:
1409:
1400:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1359:
1168:
950:
942:
938:
934:
931:
922:
919:
906:
876:
872:
870:
866:
855:
514:
322:
305:
286:
225:
189:
120:
57:
50:
48:
40:
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32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2550:
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2547:
2546:
2543:List of topics
2533:
2520:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2492:Urban planning
2489:
2484:
2479:
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2472:Property cycle
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2432:Gentrification
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2153:Eminent domain
2150:
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2123:Chain of title
2120:
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2112:
2111:and regulation
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2023:
2018:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1987:
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1975:
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1963:United Kingdom
1960:
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1900:
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1810:
1809:External links
1807:
1806:
1805:
1783:
1782:
1759:
1753:978-1469640662
1752:
1731:
1712:
1686:"MacroMarkets"
1677:
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1616:10.3386/w13553
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1449:. CNNMoney.com
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1314:Greater Boston
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705:Greater Boston
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660:Tampa Bay Area
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364:Greater Boston
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106:Robert Shiller
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15:
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2:
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2290:Mortgage loan
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2238:and valuation
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2222:Torrens title
2220:
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2207:Real property
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2036:Golf property
2034:
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2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
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1989:
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1239:San Francisco
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863:
862:Bank deposits
859:
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720:Metro Detroit
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600:San Francisco
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484:San Francisco
482:
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389:
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98:United States
95:
91:
88:
79:
71:
63:
56:
46:
29:
21:
2541:
2529:
2515:
2462:Land banking
2361:Land banking
2346:Buyer broker
2320:Rental value
2143:Conveyancing
1953:Saudi Arabia
1798:. Retrieved
1794:
1773:. Retrieved
1762:
1743:
1725:
1715:
1690:. Retrieved
1680:
1661:
1655:
1636:
1606:
1596:
1577:
1547:
1541:
1522:
1516:
1505:the original
1492:
1481:. Retrieved
1466:
1457:
1451:. Retrieved
1412:
1387:
1189:designation
1169:
907:
879:
853:Correlations
533:
516:
515:
342:
324:
323:
314:
294:
287:
276:
270:
264:
257:
252:World War II
250:and finally
235:
228:
226:
217:
211:development.
201:
197:
192:
190:
177:imputed rent
174:
167:
161:
158:
121:
109:
89:
84:
2487:Urban decay
2341:Buyer agent
2163:Foreclosure
2158:Encumbrance
2031:Arable land
1943:Puerto Rico
1891:By location
1866:Real estate
1795:MarketWatch
894:commodities
882:correlation
290:U.S. Census
240:World War I
124:Allan Weiss
2559:Categories
2442:Green belt
2315:Remortgage
2099:Relocation
1898:Bangladesh
1800:2012-12-02
1692:2007-12-26
1483:2013-05-07
1453:2009-07-07
1379:References
1166:Securities
959:Annual/4Q
258:1953–1977:
2427:Filtering
2417:Companies
2336:Appraiser
2217:Severance
1913:Indonesia
1726:USA Today
1197:Composite
277:1997–2012
271:1985–1989
265:1976–1982
236:1921–1942
154:CoreLogic
102:Karl Case
2517:Category
2422:Eviction
2366:Landlord
2168:Land law
1933:Pakistan
1877:Property
1701:cite web
1477:Archived
1357:See also
96:for the
2530:Commons
2447:Indices
2329:Parties
2128:Closing
2072:Sectors
1775:14 July
1159:134.02
1151:121.58
1143:115.84
1135:124.56
1127:130.93
1119:133.97
1111:170.09
1103:192.29
1095:195.35
1087:123.30
1079:106.73
1071:108.33
1063:124.89
1055:105.44
1047:118.82
1039:103.46
1031:109.56
1023:109.65
1015:105.89
975:101.57
517:SPCS20R
207:States.
142:FinTech
53:
2535:
2522:
2509:
2467:People
2401:Tenant
2227:Zoning
1948:Russia
1938:Panama
1923:Turkey
1903:Canada
1750:
1668:
1643:
1584:
1554:
1529:
1419:
1180:Ticker
1007:81.73
999:69.49
991:66.07
983:93.11
886:stocks
873:
867:
246:, the
146:Fiserv
144:giant
133:bubble
51:
43:
41:
35:
2410:Other
2183:Lease
1972:Types
1928:Kenya
1918:Italy
1908:China
1508:(PDF)
1501:(PDF)
890:bonds
884:with
540:Index
349:Index
2148:Deed
1777:2018
1748:ISBN
1707:link
1666:ISBN
1641:ISBN
1582:ISBN
1552:ISBN
1527:ISBN
1417:ISBN
1156:2013
1148:2012
1140:2011
1132:2010
1124:2009
1116:2008
1108:2007
1100:2006
1092:2005
1084:2000
1076:1996
1068:1994
1060:1989
1052:1984
1044:1979
1036:1975
1028:1970
1020:1960
1012:1950
1004:1940
996:1930
988:1920
980:1910
972:1900
967:100
964:1890
956:YEAR
939:blue
896:and
888:and
836:SEXR
821:DAXR
806:POXR
791:CEXR
776:NYXR
761:LVXR
746:CRXR
731:MNXR
716:DEXR
701:BOXR
686:CHXR
671:ATXR
656:TPXR
641:MIXR
626:WDXR
611:DNXR
596:SFXR
581:SDXR
566:LXXR
551:PHXR
495:WDXR
480:SFXR
465:SDXR
450:NYXR
435:MIXR
420:LXXR
405:LVXR
390:DNXR
375:CHXR
360:BOXR
325:CSXR
179:and
104:and
85:The
2109:Law
1611:doi
1340:NYM
1325:LAV
1310:BOS
1295:CHI
1280:MIA
1265:WDC
1250:DEN
1235:SFR
1220:SDG
1205:LAX
1194:CUS
1187:MSA
935:red
2561::
1793:.
1734:^
1724:.
1703:}}
1699:{{
1625:^
1609:.
1605:.
1566:^
1456:.
1431:^
1401:^
172:.
45:M2
1858:e
1851:t
1844:v
1803:.
1779:.
1756:.
1728:.
1709:)
1695:.
1674:.
1649:.
1619:.
1613::
1590:.
1560:.
1535:.
1486:.
1425:.
1395:.
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