249:) after the headquarters of the Rhenish Missionary Society in Germany and established the first Rhenish mission station to the Herero there. Hahn learned the language and taught gardening and animal husbandry, building a church in 1850 and attempting to evangelize. At that time Jonker Afrikaner oversaw the development of the road network in South-West Africa. Hahn and Kleinschmidt initiated the creation of a path from Windhoek to Barmen via
405:
183:
488:) on 3 October 1843, on home leave in Cape Town. They had at least five children, including two daughters (Margaritha, wife of Carl Heinrich Beiderbecke since their marriage on 24 November 1875; and Eloisa) and three sons (including William Heinrich Josaphat, Carl Hugo Jr. and Traugott). While Carl Sr. ministered in South-West Africa, his children attended school in
496:, and later lived with his son, Carl Jr., in Paarl, then minister of St. Petri's Lutheran Church there. Traugott worked in the Lutheran Church in Livonia, and several of his descendants became theologians and clerics in Germany. Carl Hugo Hahn Sr. died in Cape Town on 24 November 1895 and is buried at St. Petri in Paarl.
395:
and attempting to restore peace to South West Africa in talks with
Maharero in Okahandja (17–18 February 1882). Apart from a treaty between the Swartbooi Nama and the Herero, Hahn was unsuccessful and recommended in his March 1882 report to the Cape government that the Walvis Bay area be maintained
366:
For the next twelve years, Hahn served as pastor of the German
Lutheran congregation (St. Martini) in Cape Town. Assisted from 1875 onward by his son (the Rev. C.H. Hahn Jr.), ministering to a growing population of poorly educated and largely illiterate German settlers in the Cape Flats (arriving
272:
Their missionary work was not very successful, and in 1850, after a crushing Herero defeat at the hands of Jonker's Nama troops in
Okahandja, the Herero fled the area. Hahn was recalled to Germany to report back, but was given new orders upon arrival in Cape Town in November 1852. Since Haddy had
420:
and other religious texts into the language of the natives. As early as 1846, he compiled the first
Rhenish Missionary prayer book in Herero, and together with Rath, he released a collection of biblical stories and hymns translated into the language under the title
383:. After failed efforts by Cape Colony to make South West Africa a British protectorate, the Nama-Herero war sparked anew on the "bloody night" of 23 August 1880. When, at the end of 1881, a Herero attack was rumored to have occurred on the Cape magistracy in
320:. A shortage of missionaries stymied the Rhenish Missionaries in Ovamboland, and Hahn himself returned to Germany in June 1859 to escape the Nama-Herero war, finding friends and support for the Rhenish Missionaries on a whirlwind tour of Germany,
162:. He studied Engineering at the Engineering School of the Russian Army from 1834 onwards but was not satisfied with that choice and, more generally, his parents' way of life. In 1837 he left Ādaži for Barmen (today part of
649:
347:) to educate indigenous missionaries, this time recruiting German artisans and farmers to supply the settlement. In 1868, however, an attack by the Nama ended his hitherto successful project, and the Herero under chief
276:
He traveled Europe between 1853 and 1856 to gather support for his endeavors, which by then were considered futile by the
Rhenish Missionary Society. He returned with the order to evangelize the people in
391:
on 13 January 1882. From 1882 until his retirement in 1884 he was the Cape
Government's "Special Commissioner for the Walwich Bay Territory", traveling there at the behest of Commissioner
31:
653:
492:. Emma died on 14 April 1880 in Cape Town, after which he visited Germany for a short while. After his retirement for health reasons in 1884, Hahn visited Margaritha in the
359:
orientation), Hahn severed his ties with them on 4 March 1872 and returned in 1873 to
Germany, by which time 13 missions in Hereroland were prospering. He relocated to the
351:
fled the settlement to
Okahandja and gave up their Christian affiliations. In 1870 Hahn brokered a ten-year peace deal between the Nama and the Herero and convinced the
434:
355:
to take over missionary work in
Ovamboland. When the Rhenish Missionary Society began trading for profit and colonizing (rejecting his Lutheran austerity for a more
789:
293:
ended in a disaster, and the members barely escaped alive. Moreover, Gross Barmen was almost destroyed by then due to the skirmishes between Namas and
Hereros.
273:
fled Windhoek in the wake of Jonker's raids, Hahn was tasked to fill the void, but he failed and returned to Germany, arriving in Barmen on 13 September 1853.
1216:
1033:
1231:
254:
1206:
206:—not an easy task considering that both tribes were enemies at that time, albeit at peace from Christmas Day 1842 to 1846. He travelled to
782:
460:, eventually causing much consternation over its suitability for transcribing a Bantu language. During his visit to Germany in 1873/74,
583:[Hahn, Carl. Missionary to Africa and Linguist] (in German). Kulturstiftung der deutschen Vertriebenen, Ostdeutsche Biographie
1226:
697:
775:
452:. The latter, including a comprehensive grammar and a Herero-German dictionary of 4,300 words, was the first publication using
1221:
1123:
1043:
368:
331:
After the Herero defeated the Nama on many occasions, missionary work was continued. Having turned down an offer to lead the
305:
1236:
1108:
425:
in 1849. Additional prayer books in 1861 and 1871 book-ended his 1864 output of two further biblical narratives, a copy of
392:
281:, after a brief return to Otjimbingwe where some of the Herero had fled, but his four-month 1857 expedition with the Rev.
1053:
449:
174:. He was admitted to the Missionary School in Elberfeld (also part of Wuppertal today) in 1838 and graduated in 1841.
1068:
870:
758:
910:
269:. This route served as an important trade connection between the coast and Windhoek until the end of the century.
1241:
1211:
408:
Title page of Biblical History in Herero language, compiled and translated by Carl Hugo Hahn and printed in 1861.
1175:
468:
to Hahn for his research on the language of the Herero, although his domestic servant and interpreter, Urieta (
317:
815:
444:, 1854), ultimately delivering his own version to Riga in December 1854, and published its first dictionary,
308:, in which his descriptions of northern Hereroland and the San language, territory, and culture corroborated
1118:
945:
387:, Hahn pleaded the Herero's case and urged restraint by colonial authorities in a letter published in the
920:
885:
426:
227:
123:
226:
missionaries led by Richard Haddy arrived at the invitation of Jonker Afrikaner, Hahn and his colleague
1154:
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171:
127:
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332:
1133:
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935:
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472:) probably had a more than cursory role in the creation of his language studies and publications.
1010:
985:
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380:
372:
182:
1170:
1073:
975:
895:
580:
297:
1038:
875:
855:
461:
416:(first gaining the ability to preach in the language on 29 January 1847) and translated the
1201:
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1103:
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674:
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8:
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344:
1128:
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1005:
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203:
119:
990:
880:
515:
446:
Grundzüge einer Grammatik des Herero (im Westlichen Afrika) nebst einem Wörterbuche
211:
751:
The old South-West Africa. South-West Africa's history until Maharero's death 1890
304:. His writing about the journey would later be published in the German travelogue
955:
940:
860:
742:
698:"Johanna Uerieta Gertze: The dedicated pioneer Christian and teacher (1840–1936)"
542:
465:
356:
767:
737:. Pretoria: Nasionale Raad vir Sosiale Navorsing, Departement van Hoër Onderwys.
1098:
1015:
830:
614:
547:
469:
309:
159:
107:
60:
210:(or as the locals called it then, ǀAiǁgams) in 1842 and was well received by
1190:
995:
747:
Das alte Südwestafrika. Südwestafrikas Geschichte bis zum Tode Mahareros 1890
493:
430:
417:
286:
199:
131:
1000:
980:
965:
845:
810:
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485:
301:
246:
215:
135:
115:
86:
489:
925:
835:
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195:
111:
82:
753:] (in German) (7th ed.). Windhoek: Namibia Scientific Society.
413:
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384:
367:
largely between 1877 and 1884). During his tenure, he helped found the
339:
in January 1864 and established a missionary station and a theological
313:
278:
266:
231:
151:
139:
52:
250:
191:
163:
78:
440:
Hahn also drafted W.H.I. Bleek's unpublished grammar of Otjiherero (
348:
340:
290:
223:
207:
371:, pay off the debts from the building of St. Martini's church on
321:
194:
on 13 October 1841. His orders were to bring Christianity to the
167:
30:
325:
312:
reports on Ovamboland. Hahn also included a description of the
219:
64:
481:
376:
150:
Hahn was born into a bourgeois family on 18 October 1818 in
404:
155:
56:
508:
Grundzüge der Grammatik des Herero nebst einem Wörterbuch
629:
433:
and the aforementioned complete NT began the work that
375:, build a parsonage, and spin off daughter churches in
595:
797:
1188:
581:"Hahn, Carl. Afrikamissionar und Sprachforscher"
343:there (which he named the Augustineum after St.
512:Basics of the Herero Grammar, also a Dictionary
138:. Hahn is known for his scientific work on the
735:Suid-Afrikaanse Biografiese Woordeboek, vol. 1
783:
412:While in Gross Barmen, Hahn learned to speak
222:Afrikaner tribe residing there. When in 1844
1217:Baltic-German people from the Russian Empire
186:The Rhenish Missionary church in Otjimbingwe
296:Hahn's next expedition took him, Rath, and
170:) to apply at the missionary school of the
790:
776:
442:Entwurf einer Grammatik der Herero Sprache
429:, and a 32-song hymnal. Highlights of the
29:
652:. Henckert Tourist Centre. Archived from
241:on 31 October 1844. They named the place
647:
403:
253:, and in 1850 this road, later known as
181:
732:
695:
675:"Biographies of Namibian Personalities"
316:and collected animal specimens for the
16:19th-century German Lutheran missionary
1189:
741:
641:
635:
601:
574:
572:
570:
568:
480:Carl Hugo Hahn married his wife Emma (
234:in order to avoid conflict with them.
1232:Lutheran missionaries in South Africa
1044:Australian Baptist Missionary Society
771:
696:Shiremo, Shampapi (28 January 2011).
578:
369:German International School Cape Town
306:Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen
1109:Paris Evangelical Missionary Society
665:
663:
648:Henckert, Wolfgang (16 March 2006).
522:
505:
393:Hercules Robinson, 1st Baron Rosmead
122:for most of his life. Together with
607:
565:
531:] (in German). Windhoek: B.Lau.
399:
13:
669:
615:"Gross Barmen Namibia Hot Springs"
450:Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences
448:(Berlin/London, 1857) through the
177:
14:
1253:
1069:Christian and Missionary Alliance
660:
237:Hahn and Kleinschmidt arrived at
1227:Lutheran missionaries in Namibia
1207:People from Ādaži Municipality
1176:Timeline of Christian missions
689:
475:
318:Natural History Museum, Berlin
1:
798:Protestant missions to Africa
726:
553:
145:
1222:German Lutheran missionaries
946:Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder
558:
7:
1237:German missionary linguists
886:Franz Heinrich Kleinschmidt
536:
514:] (in German). Berlin:
437:and others would complete.
423:Ornahungi oa embo ra Jehova
228:Franz Heinrich Kleinschmidt
124:Franz Heinrich Kleinschmidt
10:
1258:
1155:Slavery Abolition Act 1833
1114:Rhenish Missionary Society
1089:Livingstone Inland Mission
1084:Finnish Missionary Society
901:Christian Ignatius Latrobe
353:Finnish Missionary Society
335:in 1863, Hahn returned to
172:Rhenish Missionary Society
1163:
1142:
1094:London Missionary Society
1049:Berlin Missionary Society
1024:
803:
333:Berlin Missionary Society
93:
72:
45:
40:
28:
21:
1134:Wycliffe Global Alliance
916:Alexander Murdoch Mackay
851:Daniel Kumler Flickinger
523:Hahn, Carl Hugo (1984).
506:Hahn, Carl Hugo (1857).
499:
464:awarded a Doctor degree
427:Luther's Small Catechism
986:John McKendree Springer
821:Frederick Stanley Arnot
435:Peter Heinrich Brincker
128:Rhenish mission station
1242:19th-century Lutherans
1212:People from Kreis Riga
1171:Christianity in Africa
1074:Church Mission Society
991:Marion Scott Stevenson
976:William Henry Sheppard
896:Margaret Nicholl Laird
733:De Kock, W.J. (1968).
409:
396:as British territory.
298:Frederick Thomas Green
230:moved northwards into
187:
126:, he set up the first
1039:Africa Inland Mission
876:Joseph Crane Hartzell
856:Joseph Jackson Fuller
677:. www.klausdierks.com
462:University of Leipzig
407:
185:
1150:Slave Trade Act 1807
1104:Mission to the World
1064:Congo-Balolo Mission
579:Wolf-Dahm, Barbara.
525:Tagebücher 1837–1860
458:Karl Richard Lepsius
300:to the banks of the
261:), was extended via
891:Johann Ludwig Krapf
638:, pp. 252–253.
961:Orishatukeh Faduma
484:Hone, daughter of
410:
345:Augustine of Hippo
188:
106:(1818–1895) was a
1184:
1183:
1129:WEC International
1079:Echoes of Service
1059:BMS World Mission
1006:John Denys Taylor
971:Heinrich Schmelen
906:David Livingstone
871:Joseph Hardcastle
529:Diaries 1837–1860
454:Standard Alphabet
204:South West Africa
120:South-West Africa
101:
100:
1249:
911:Mary Livingstone
881:Johannes Ittmann
816:William Anderson
792:
785:
778:
769:
768:
764:
743:Vedder, Heinrich
738:
720:
719:
717:
715:
706:. Archived from
693:
687:
686:
684:
682:
667:
658:
657:
656:on 11 July 2011.
645:
639:
633:
627:
626:
624:
622:
617:. Namibia 1-on-1
611:
605:
599:
593:
592:
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588:
576:
532:
519:
516:National Academy
400:Linguistic works
212:Jonker Afrikaner
190:Hahn arrived in
41:Personal details
33:
19:
18:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1159:
1138:
1026:
1020:
956:Martti Rautanen
941:Helen Roseveare
861:George Grenfell
799:
796:
761:
729:
724:
723:
713:
711:
710:on 22 July 2011
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566:
561:
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543:Martti Rautanen
539:
502:
478:
402:
357:Reformed Church
310:Francis Galtons
180:
178:Missionary work
148:
140:Herero language
110:missionary and
77:
68:
50:
49:18 October 1818
36:
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1143:Pivotal events
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1139:
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1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1099:Mission Africa
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1054:Bethel Mission
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1034:American Board
1030:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1016:Gottlieb Viehe
1013:
1011:William Taylor
1008:
1003:
998:
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988:
983:
978:
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948:
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923:
921:Joseph Merrick
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
866:Carl Hugo Hahn
863:
858:
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843:
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833:
831:Carl K. Becker
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739:
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606:
604:, p. 222.
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551:
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548:Gottlieb Viehe
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538:
535:
534:
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498:
477:
474:
470:Johanna Gertze
401:
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179:
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160:Russian Empire
147:
144:
114:who worked in
104:Carl Hugo Hahn
99:
98:
95:
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74:
70:
69:
61:Russian Empire
51:
47:
43:
42:
38:
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35:Carl Hugo Hahn
34:
26:
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23:Carl Hugo Hahn
22:
15:
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2:
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760:0-949995-33-9
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671:Dierks, Klaus
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494:United States
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466:honoris causa
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418:New Testament
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283:Johannes Rath
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132:Herero people
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1001:Hulda Stumpf
981:Mary Slessor
966:Alfred Saker
865:
846:Daniel Coker
841:Joseph Booth
811:Roland Allen
750:
746:
734:
712:. Retrieved
708:the original
701:
691:
679:. Retrieved
654:the original
643:
631:
619:. Retrieved
609:
597:
585:. Retrieved
528:
524:
511:
507:
486:William Hone
479:
445:
441:
439:
422:
411:
365:
330:
302:Cunene River
295:
275:
271:
259:Old Bay Path
258:
255:Alter Baiweg
247:Gross Barmen
242:
238:
236:
189:
149:
136:Gross Barmen
116:South Africa
103:
102:
94:Denomination
87:South Africa
1202:1895 deaths
1197:1818 births
951:John Philip
926:Mary Moffat
836:Samuel Bill
826:John Arthur
636:Vedder 1997
621:21 February
602:Vedder 1997
476:Family life
373:Long Street
361:Cape Colony
337:Otjimbingwe
263:Otjimbingwe
83:Cape colony
1191:Categories
1025:Missionary
727:Literature
554:References
414:Otjiherero
389:Cape Times
385:Walvis Bay
314:Etosha pan
279:Ovamboland
267:Walvis Bay
232:Damaraland
146:Early life
650:"Karibib"
559:Footnotes
490:Gütersloh
381:Worcester
251:Okahandja
239:Otjikango
192:Cape Town
164:Wuppertal
79:Cape Town
1164:See also
1027:agencies
745:(1997).
714:14 March
681:14 March
537:See also
349:Maharero
341:seminary
291:Ondangwa
224:Wesleyan
208:Windhoek
198:and the
112:linguist
97:Lutheran
63:, (Now
703:New Era
322:England
285:to the
245:(today
218:of the
216:Captain
168:Germany
158:in the
130:to the
804:People
757:
587:7 June
326:Russia
324:, and
287:Ovambo
243:Barmen
200:Herero
65:Latvia
749:[
527:[
510:[
500:Works
377:Paarl
220:Orlam
152:Ādaži
85:(now
55:near
53:Aahof
1124:USPG
755:ISBN
716:2011
683:2011
623:2011
589:2014
379:and
196:Nama
156:Riga
118:and
76:1895
73:Died
57:Riga
46:Born
1119:SIM
482:née
456:by
289:at
265:to
202:in
134:in
1193::
700:.
673:.
662:^
567:^
363:.
328:.
214:,
166:,
142:.
81:,
59:,
791:e
784:t
777:v
763:.
718:.
685:.
625:.
591:.
518:.
257:(
89:)
67:)
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