261:, which was developed following the introduction of astronomical navigation, during the second half of the fifteenth century. Contrary to the portolan charts of the Mediterranean, which were constructed on the basis of magnetic courses and estimated distances between places, in the latitude chart, places were represented according to their latitudes. In the Cantino planisphere, latitudes were incorporated only in the coasts of Africa, Brazil and India, while Europe and the Caribbean Sea continued to be represented according to the portolan-chart model ).
31:
166:. However, there is no historical evidence that such order was ever made and the theory is weakened by the presence of numerous mistakes. One would expect a carefully made copy of an official standard, if it existed in Portugal at that time, would be accurate. A more plausible explanation is that the map was surreptitiously acquired shortly after it was made for some nobleman or official client. From a letter sent by Cantino to his patron, the Duke of Ferrara, on 19 November 1502, we know that he paid 12 golden
250:
124:
363:
178:
769:
muyta gente de discricam andam nuos omes & molheres como suas mais os pario sam mais brancos que bacos e teem os cabellos muyto corredios: foy descoberta esta dita terra em aera de quinhentos. Martin
Lehmann, “The depiction of America on Martin Waldseemüller’s world map from 1507—Humanistic geography in the service of political propaganda”,
422:" or "‘Cape of the end of April", pointing towards the Caribbean. It has been linked to Asia, the Yucatan, Florida, and Cuba. The area includes few defined cartographic details and names seemingly connected to the voyages of Columbus, Cabot, and Corte Real. Other maps depicting the same land include the
486:
Porto Seguro. Vera Cruz, so called by this name, was found by Pedro
Alvares Cabral, a gentleman of the household of the King of Portugal, which he discovered in going as commander of fourteen ships that the King sent to Calicut and, on the way to India, he came across this land here, which he thought
110:
It was valuable at the beginning of the sixteenth century because it showed detailed and up-to-date strategic information in a time when geographic knowledge of the world was growing at a fast pace. It is important in the modern era because it contains unique historical information about the maritime
768:
Porto Seguro: a Vera Cruz chamada per nome aquall achou pedralvares cabrall fidalgo da cassa del Rey de portugall e elle a descobrio indo por capitan moor de quatorze naos que a dito rey mandava a caliqut y en el caminho Indo topou com esta terra accui aqual terra se cree ser terra firme em aqual a
189:
While it enlightened the
Italians to many new territories yet unknown to them, it was obsolete within months due to subsequent mapping voyages by the Portuguese. Nevertheless, its importance to the Portuguese–Italian trade relations should not be understated; this map provided the Italians with
272:
islands, the eastern circle is centered in India. The circumference of each circle is marked with sixteen equally spaced points, from which radiate the 32 classic rhumbs: 0°, 11 1/4°, 22 1/2°, 33 3/4°, etc. The western and eastern outer circles are tangent to each other at a large wind-rose in
139:
was a buzzing metropolis where people from diverse backgrounds came in search of work, glory or fortune. There were also many undercover agents looking for the secrets brought by the
Portuguese voyages to remote lands. Among them was Alberto Cantino, who was sent to Portugal by
233:, Italy. More than two centuries later, in 1859, the palace was ransacked and the Cantino Map lost. It was found by Giuseppe Boni, Director of the Biblioteca Estense, in that same year, in a butcher's store in Modena. The Cantino world map can currently be found in
487:
to be mainland , in which there are many people who are observed, men and women, to walk about as naked as their mothers bore them: they are rather fair-skinned than reddish brown and have very slick hair. This land was discovered in 1500.
350:, the legend below on the left reading that "this is the land of King Organo, whose king is very noble and very rich", and to the right that this is the "land of the King of Nubia, the king of which is continuously making war on
277:
indicating North. This dense rhumb-line mesh was used in navigation as a reference, for reading and marking directions (courses) between places. Six scale bars graduated in
Iberian leagues, with a variable number of sections (or
155:
A popular theory, introduced in the earliest studies of the map, suggests that the
Cantino Planisphere was ordered to an official Portuguese mapmaker, who made a copy of the royal cartographic pattern, the so-called
209:
shortly after the
Cantino map arrived in Italy and the Canerio, in turn, became the primary source for the design of the newly discovered western lands on the highly influential wall map of the world produced by
1006:
115:. The Cantino planisphere is the earliest extant nautical chart where places (in Africa and parts of Brazil and India) are depicted according to their astronomically observed latitudes.
391:. Very little was known about Cabot's third voyage, including whether Cabot ever returned to England. While sailing to Greenland, known but little understood by contemporary Europeans,
418:
The map features a peculiar landmass in roughly the location of North
America. Several theories offer potential explanations for this land that terminates in a peninsula, labeled "
466:
The
Brazilian coast was certainly the last to be added and reached its present form in three phases: to the first belong an initial coastline running to southeast from
549:(John Cabot), in the English expedition of 1498. But the depiction of the island on the map suggests it was based on the Portuguese mission of Labrador and Barcelos.
482:, continuing further south to the tip of the landmass. An inscription off Porto Seguro records the discovery and naming of Vera Cruz, as Brazil was initially called:
268:
system in the
Cantino planisphere uses two circles (some charts use only one, others use as many as three, depending on size): the western circle is centered on the
1356:
1188:
737:
The Long Legends: Transcription, Translation, and Commentary - Martin Waldseemüller's 'Carta marina' of 1516 : Study and Transcription of the Long Legends
366:"The north-western continental land on the Cantino map (from the hand-copied reproduction accompanying Harisse's Les Corte Real)." – George Nunn (1924)
849:
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107:, explored in the late 1490s, and for depicting the African coast of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans with remarkable accuracy and detail.
375:
By the time of the map's creation, European voyages had made landfall across the Atlantic Ocean. Christopher Columbus had completed his
174:, which translates as "Navigational chart of the islands recently ... in part of the Indies: from Alberto Cantino to Duke Hercole".
609:
Gaspar, Joaquim Alves (2012). "Blunders, Errors and Entanglements: Scrutinizing the Cantino Planisphere with a Cartometric Eye".
1198:
1361:
923:
863:
Gaspar, Joaquim Alves (2015). "The Representation of the West Indies in Early Iberian Cartography: A Cartometric Approach".
853:
Gaspar, Joaquim A. (2012) 'Blunders, Errors and Entanglements: Scrutining the Cantino planisphere with a Cartometric Eye',
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534:
149:
141:
77:
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The rhumb-line construction scheme and geographic lines in the Cantino planisphere. Adapted from Gaspar (2012), Plate 3
846:
From the Portolan Chart of the Mediterranean to the Latitude Chart of the Atlantic: Cartometric Analysis and Modelling
198:
long before other nations even knew South America extended so far to the south. It also supplied great details of the
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for it, which was a considerable amount for the time. An Italian inscription in the back of the map reads:
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Carta de navigar per le Isole nouam trovate in le parte de India: dono Alberto Cantino al S. Duca Hercole
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305:), flanked by two African towns. Other illustrations include a lion-shaped mountain representing the
943:. Centro de Estudos de Cartografia Antiga, Separate CII. Lisboa: Junta de Investigações do Ultramar.
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was probably visited by an English expedition in 1497–98, and again, by the Portuguese explorer
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in 1500 and 1501. The map makes clear that the land was discovered and charted for Portugal by
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in the east and west, and is particularly notable for portraying a fragmentary record of the
329:
range in South Africa. Along the central African coast are the various cross stone markers (
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958:
Peck, Douglas T. (2003). "THE FIRST EUROPEAN CHARTING OF FLORIDA AND THE ADJACENT SHORES".
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The geographical information given on the Cantino map was copied into the Italian-made
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293:. There is also an elaborate depiction of the Portuguese castle of São Jorge da Mina (
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Pereira, Moacyr (1994) 'O Novo Mundo no Planisfério da Casa de Este, o "Cantino" '.
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The Geographical Conceptions of Columbus: A Critical Consideration of Four Problems
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The Discovery of North America: a Critical, Documentary, and Historic Investigation
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796:"From Cabot to Cartier: The Early Exploration of Eastern North America, 1497-1543"
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519:, who arrived in Lisbon in September 1502. In the third phase the island named
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Only a relatively small portion of the coast, between the flag near the
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In north Africa, there is the "Montes Claros" in the usual place of the
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Illustrations are few, but elaborate. Two cities are grandly depicted -
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The Cantino planisphere is the earliest extant example of the so-called
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695:"Portuguese Exploration along the Northeast Coast of North America"
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1009:, Cantino planisphere image, zoomable to very high resolution, at
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and Pedro de Barcelos between 1495 and 1498, and also visited by
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exploration and the evolution of nautical cartography during the
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403:, members of the Portuguese royal household, sailed West under
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The Island of Lost Maps: A True Story of Cartographic Crime
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A África no Planisfério Português Anónimo "Cantino" (1502)
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Leite, Duarte (1923) 'O mais antigo mapa do Brasil', in
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knowledge of Brazil's coastline and that of much of the
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This planisphere is the earliest surviving map showing
974:
Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro
848:. Doctoral thesis. ISEGI, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
739:, Springer International Publishing, pp. 55–150,
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in 1507 under the auspices of Rene, Duke of Lorraine.
936:, vol. II, p. 223–81. Porto: Litografia Nacional
906:. London: Henry Stevens and Son; Paris: H. Welter.
501:would have been surveyed, in 1500, by the fleet of
800:Annals of the Association of American Geographers
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979:Roukema, E. (1963) 'Brazil in the Cantino Map',
957:
354:and is a moor and a great enemy of Christians".
895:Les Corte-Real e leurs voyages au Nouveau Monde
735:Van Duzer, Chet (2020), Van Duzer, Chet (ed.),
1357:Portuguese exploration in the Age of Discovery
951:. 14. New York: American Geographical Society.
838:
1043:
1011:Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec
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379:to a land that he called both Cuba and Asia.
934:História da Colonização Portuguesa do Brasil
1017:button to get maximum resolution. Click on
148:, while secretly collecting information on
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495:inscription and the northern side of the
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103:explored in 1500, the Southern coast of
88:in 1502. It measures 220 x 105 cm.
29:
434:. These describe the land variously as
221:sheets, was kept in the Ducal Library,
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1199:Early modern Netherlandish cartography
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135:At the beginning of the 16th century,
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407:to find a Northwest Passage to Asia.
99:coast, which the Portuguese explorer
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321:) in central Africa, and either the
229:transferred it to another palace in
80:, who successfully smuggled it from
24:
812:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1992.tb01972.x
25:
1378:
987:
939:Mota, Avelino Teixeira da (1977)
442:("Land further beyond unknown"),
395:made landfall on a nearby coast.
383:had completed three voyages from
217:This old map, made-up by 6 glued
93:Portuguese geographic discoveries
1279:Cosmographia (Sebastian Münster)
1194:Early modern Iberian cartography
461:
452:Four Voyages of Amerigo Vespucci
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313:(laid horizontal), the mythical
142:Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara
877:10.1179/0082288415Z.00000000041
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144:, with the formal intention of
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1:
976:, 155 (384), p. 680–718.
771:Cogent Arts & Humanities,
1362:16th-century maps and globes
1189:Medieval Islamic cartography
623:10.1080/03085694.2012.673762
575:Cartography of Latin America
528:
225:, for about 90 years, until
34:Cantino planisphere (1502),
27:Portuguese world map c. 1502
7:
857:, Vol. 64, Part 2: 181-200
839:Bibliography and references
746:10.1007/978-3-030-22703-6_2
657:Duarte Leite (1923), 225-32
568:
541:is thought to have been by
413:Terra del Rey de Portuguall
72:, Italy. It is named after
10:
1383:
1347:Historic maps of the world
1021:to get full-screen view.)
844:Gaspar, Joaquim A. (2010)
450:(a native place name from
131:of the Cantino planisphere
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438:("Land beyond unknown"),
317:(legendary source of the
947:Nunn, George E. (1924).
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440:Vlterius incognita terra
264:The construction of the
996:, PDF from the site of
983:, Vol. 17, p. 7–26
794:Allen, John L. (1992).
773:vol.3, no.1, 2016, p.7.
675:Gaspar (2010), 182; 195
543:João Fernandes Labrador
498:baia de todos os santos
432:Johannes Schöner globes
393:João Fernandes Lavrador
273:central Africa, with a
207:Canerio (or Caveri) map
1267:Map of Juan de la Cosa
960:The Florida Geographer
912:Harvey, Miles (2010).
902:Harisse, Henry (1892)
893:Harisse, Henry (1883)
697:. Library of Congress.
590:Map of Juan de la Cosa
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150:Portuguese discoveries
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1317:Points of the compass
684:Gaspar (2012), 129-82
666:Gaspar (2012), 181-82
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436:Terra ultra incognita
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315:Mountains of the Moon
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183:Treaty of Tordesillas
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1098:By country or region
563:Manuel I of Portugal
503:Pedro Álvares Cabral
428:Martin Waldseemüller
415:on the Cantino map.
405:Manuel I of Portugal
389:Henry VII of England
309:mountain range, the
212:Martin Waldseemüller
101:Pedro Álvares Cabral
1273:Cantino planisphere
1222:Ptolemy's world map
784:Roukema (1963), 7-8
420:C. do fim do abrill
377:first three voyages
76:, an agent for the
51:Cantino planisphere
1352:Biblioteca Estense
998:Biblioteca Estense
648:Harvey (2010), 145
458:("Part of Asia").
446:("Land of Cuba"),
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239:Biblioteca Estense
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66:Biblioteca Estense
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36:Biblioteca Estense
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1007:Carta del Cantino
994:Carta del Cantino
925:978-0-307-76656-4
865:Terrae Incognitae
559:Gaspar Corte-Real
555:Gaspar Corte-Real
397:Gaspar Corte-Real
227:Pope Clement VIII
164:Armazéns da Índia
64:preserved at the
55:Cantino world map
16:(Redirected from
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1260:Early Modern age
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113:Age of Discovery
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1312:Compass rose
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1067:By continent
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1296:Cassini map
1229:(Sec. V BC)
1215:Ancient age
1135:Switzerland
1125:New Zealand
1059:Cartography
1023:(in French)
981:Imago Mundi
855:Imago Mundi
725:Nunn (1924)
716:Peck (2003)
611:Imago Mundi
561:, for King
535:rediscovery
456:Asie partis
424:Caverio map
358:Discoveries
327:Drakensberg
303:west Africa
159:Padrão Real
1342:1502 works
1336:Categories
1237:Middle age
1227:Soleto Map
430:, and the
381:John Cabot
319:Nile River
299:Gold Coast
266:rhumb line
59:Portuguese
1166:Jerusalem
1130:Palestine
1074:The World
966:: 82–113.
918:. Crown.
885:128885931
820:0004-5608
631:128787032
539:Greenland
529:Greenland
493:Vera cruz
337:Diogo Cão
297:, on the
291:Jerusalem
270:Cape Vert
219:parchment
194:Coast of
129:wind rose
105:Greenland
97:Brazilian
62:world map
1305:See also
897:. Paris
569:See also
522:quaresma
192:Atlantic
82:Portugal
1181:History
1154:By city
1140:Ukraine
1120:Jamaica
828:2563358
454:), and
385:Bristol
332:padrões
223:Ferrara
119:History
18:Cantino
1281:(1544)
1275:(1502)
1269:(1500)
1252:(1375)
1246:(1154)
1161:Dublin
1110:France
1089:Europe
1079:Africa
1061:topics
1002:Modena
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448:Parias
401:Miguel
387:under
287:Venice
235:Modena
231:Modena
168:ducats
137:Lisbon
127:Major
70:Modena
40:Modena
1115:India
1105:China
881:S2CID
824:JSTOR
627:S2CID
596:Notes
86:Italy
44:Italy
1171:York
1084:Asia
920:ISBN
816:ISSN
751:ISBN
511:and
339:and
289:and
280:logs
185:line
181:The
49:The
1015:1:1
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