177:
749:, or with coffee. Well-made calvados should naturally be reminiscent of apples and pears, balanced with flavours of aging. The less-aged calvados distinguishes itself with its fresh apple and pear aromas. The longer the calvados is aged, the more the taste resembles that of any other aged brandy. As calvados ages, it may become golden or darker brown with orange elements and red mahogany. The nose and palate are delicate with concentration of aged apples and dried apricots balanced with butterscotch, nut, and chocolate aromas.
29:
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343:
Calvados is distilled from cider made from specially grown and selected apples, from over 200 named varieties. It is not uncommon for a calvados producer to use over 100 specific varieties of apples which are either sweet (such as the 'Rouge Duret' variety), tart (such as the 'Rambault' variety), or
488:
The usual arguments for and against the two processes are that the former process gives the spirit complexity and renders it suitable for longer aging, whilst the latter process gives the calvados a fresh and clean apple flavour but with less complexity. A growing belief indicates that a
440:
619:
178:
654:("farm-made") – some quality-minded producers both inside and outside the Pays d'Auge make "fermier calvados", which indicates the calvados is entirely made on the farm in a traditional agricultural way according to high quality demands.
707:
High-quality calvados usually has parts which are much older than that mentioned. Calvados can be made from a single (generally, exceptionally good) year. When this happens, the label often carries that year.
249:
distillation was created about 50 years later in 1606. In the 17th century, the traditional cider farms expanded, but taxation and prohibition of cider brandies were enforced elsewhere than
663:
The age on the bottle refers to the youngest constituent of the blend. A blend is often composed of old and young calvados. Producers can also use the terms below to refer to the age.
327:
Cider brandy is also made in the UK, and appears in records going back to 1678. Somerset cider brandy gained
European protected geographical indication (PGI) status in 2011.
637:
reflects the long tradition of pear orchards in the area, resulting in a unique fruity calvados. The regulation is similar to the AOC calvados and the column still is used.
985:
303:. Many of the traditional farmhouse structures were replaced by modern agriculture with high output. The calvados appellation system was revised in 1984 and 1996.
365:
casks, it can be sold as calvados. The longer it is aged, the smoother the drink becomes. Usually, the maturation goes on for several years.
4566:
281:
outbreak in the last quarter of the 19th century devastated the vineyards of France and Europe, Calvados experienced a golden age. During
1277:
1123:
735:, or "the Norman hole". This is a small drink of calvados taken between courses in a very long meal, sometimes with apple or pear
452:
290:
1191:
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933:
891:
771:
4528:
759:
1219:
597:
Extensive quality control, the basic rules for AOC calvados together with several additional requirements, is practiced.
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in common usage. In the 19th century, output increased with industrial distillation and the working class fashion for
1164:
1044:
426:
408:
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344:
bitter (such as the 'Mettais', 'Saint Martin', 'Frequin', and 'Binet Rouge' varieties), the latter being inedible.
1315:
1270:
924:
404:
803:, it is normally taken between courses at a regimental dinner, or during a toast to remember fallen soldiers.
299:
a protected name in 1942. After the war, many cider houses and distilleries were reconstructed, mainly in the
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1008:
954:
907:
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4670:
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4075:
1263:
911:
400:
4624:
3762:
3189:
1330:
489:
well-operated column still can produce as complex and "age-able" calvados as double distillation.
389:
1467:
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4655:
3612:
3242:
765:
717:
393:
949:
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1415:
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area is limited to the east end of the department of
Calvados and a few adjoining districts.
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20:
1068:"CAHIER DES CHARGES DE L'APPELLATION D'ORIGINE CONTRÔLÉE « Calvados Pays d'Auge »"
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980:
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456:) for calvados authorizes double distillation for all calvados, but it is required for the
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8:
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3737:
3537:
3447:
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1442:
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576:
285:, cider brandy was requisitioned to make explosives for the armament industry due to its
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262:
793:. The troops were given Calvados as the units passed through Normandy following the
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2423:
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646:
The orchards must consist of at least 15% pear trees (25% from the 16th harvest).
572:
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The fruit is harvested and pressed into a juice that is fermented into a dry
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Calvados: the world's premier apple brandy : tasting, facts and travel
1101:
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Calvados: the world's premier apple brandy : tasting, facts and travel
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1900:
739:, supposedly to reawaken the appetite. Calvados can be served as an
378:
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1963:
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258:
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237:. The first known record of Norman distillation was made by squire
188:
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1383:
1378:
562:
541:
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304:
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230:
2823:
1249:
609:
A minimum of six weeks of fermentation of the cider is required.
216:
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3672:
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3170:
3095:
3025:
3005:
3000:
2960:
2671:
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1953:
1820:
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1790:
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1694:
1569:
846:
736:
545:
526:
497:
220:
196:
192:
184:
703:
must be at least six years old, but are often sold much older.
618:
606:
It must be produced within the designated area in Pays d'Auge.
439:
4545:
4472:
4283:
3412:
3258:
3231:
2905:
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2661:
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2018:
1998:
1983:
1890:
1880:
1875:
1835:
1830:
1805:
1775:
1740:
1735:
1699:
1684:
1619:
1489:
1403:
716:"Trou Normand" redirects here. For the Hannibal episode, see
348:
246:
242:
227:
200:
146:
1097:"Victory for Somerset as cider brandy wins protected status"
600:
Aging for a minimum of two years in oak barrels is required.
233:
and brewers are mentioned as far back as the 8th century by
4561:
2818:
2478:
2063:
2043:
1973:
1925:
1920:
1855:
1795:
1398:
537:
530:
155:
131:
122:
98:
66:
492:
72:
3200:
3045:
2651:
2250:
1910:
643:
A three-year minimum of aging in oak barrels is required.
640:
A minimum of 30% pears from the designated areas is used.
307:
got its recognition in 1991; in 1997, an appellation for
113:
57:
986:
The
American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
692:, "V.S.O.P.", or "VSOP" must be at least four years old.
558:
A minimum of two years aging in oak barrels is required.
555:
AOC calvados makes up over 70% of the total production.
513:
regulations. The three appellations for calvados are:
143:
140:
134:
110:
107:
101:
75:
54:
822:
603:
Double distillation in an alembic pot-still is used.
464:
Double distillation is carried out in a traditional
152:
149:
128:
119:
116:
95:
69:
63:
60:
1466:
261:. The area called "Calvados" was created after the
158:
125:
51:
568:The apples and pears are defined cider varieties.
368:
4647:
3216:
1271:
928:(18th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
4567:PRI disease resistant apple breeding program
582:Usually, single-column distillation is used.
2739:and infused distilled drinks by ingredients
979:
407:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3223:
3209:
2137:
1298:
1278:
1264:
731:Calvados is the basis of the tradition of
579:, distillation, and ageing, are regulated.
752:
745:, blended in drinks, between meals, as a
427:Learn how and when to remove this message
295:regulations officially gave AOC Calvados
1192:"The Flavor of Apples and a Sip of Fall"
1152:
1032:
925:Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary
722:
617:
496:
438:
334:
313:
215:
27:
1285:
1009:"100% Poire - Comte Louis de Lauriston"
815:for a dessert known as Coupe Normande.
493:Producing regions and legal definitions
4648:
1186:
1094:
571:The procedures in production, such as
3204:
2734:
2136:
1465:
1297:
1259:
1220:"Coupe normande aux pommes de Dragey"
906:
878:
170:
4529:Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae
1095:Morris, Steven (15 September 2011).
757:Calvados is the regimental drink of
658:
481:Single continuous distillation in a
405:adding citations to reliable sources
372:
1217:
811:Calvados can also be combined with
13:
695:"Extra", "X.O." "XO", "Napoléon",
14:
4692:
1242:
1218:Unk, Beatrice (24 October 2021).
685:must be at least three years old.
501:Map of Calvados appellation areas
4630:
4629:
4620:
4619:
4610:
4609:
884:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
825:
760:The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada
612:Flavour elements are controlled.
565:, geographical area, is defined.
377:
91:
47:
1211:
1180:
1146:
849:, a similar drink from Brittany
843:, a cocktail involving calvados
675:must be at least two years old.
622:Small calvados producer around
453:appellation d'origine contrôlée
19:For the French department, see
1316:History of alcoholic beverages
1116:
1088:
1060:
1026:
1001:
973:
942:
900:
872:
727:Bottle of calvados Pays D'Auge
369:Double and single distillation
361:. After two or three years of
1:
4590:Countries by apple production
1124:"Calvados Cellars - Calvados"
989:(5th ed.). HarperCollins
865:
330:
322:
311:with 30% pears was created.
211:
7:
818:
806:
10:
4697:
3230:
955:Collins English Dictionary
861:, a similar American drink
784:Le Régiment de Maisonneuve
772:The Royal Canadian Hussars
715:
711:
509:, calvados is governed by
206:
18:
4605:
4495:
4440:
4344:
4335:
4307:
4179:
4046:
3283:
3251:
3238:
3185:
2744:
2730:
2564:
2373:
2150:
2146:
2132:
1941:
1715:
1479:
1475:
1461:
1361:
1308:
1304:
1293:
1153:Mattsson, Henrik (2005).
1033:Mattsson, Henrik (2005).
886:(3rd ed.). Longman.
855:, a similar English drink
521:area includes all of the
2588:Coconut and other palms
1960:Coconut and other palms
1331:History of Bordeaux wine
450:The appellation of AOC (
4676:French distilled drinks
3613:Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg
3483:Cripps Pink (Pink Lady)
3243:List of apple cultivars
1416:Drinking establishments
766:The Royal Regina Rifles
718:Trou Normand (Hannibal)
4076:Calville Blanc d'hiver
2623:Sugarcane or molasses
2060:Sugarcane or molasses
1299:History and production
1013:calvados-lauriston.com
790:The Sherbrooke Hussars
753:In the Canadian Forces
728:
627:
502:
447:
340:
319:
224:
33:
3903:Rhode Island Greening
3823:Sciros (Pacific Rose)
3733:Karmijn de Sonnaville
3503:Devonshire Quarrenden
1346:History of Rioja wine
1224:CVOUSLECHEF - Le Blog
853:Somerset Cider Brandy
726:
621:
587:The more restrictive
511:appellation contrôlée
500:
442:
338:
317:
292:appellation contrôlée
239:Gilles de Gouberville
219:
31:
21:Calvados (department)
4582:US Apple Association
3523:Duchess of Oldenburg
3267:Malus niedzwetzkyana
3057:Mammee apple flower
1336:History of Champagne
859:Applejack (beverage)
701:Tres Vieille Reserve
458:Calvados Pays d'Auge
401:improve this section
32:A bottle of Calvados
4372:Apple cider vinegar
3738:King of the Pippins
3468:Cox's Orange Pippin
3448:Cornish Gilliflower
3107:Sugarcane/molasses
1550:Moscatel de Setúbal
1443:Yeast in winemaking
1431:Yeast in winemaking
1287:Alcoholic beverages
1190:(31 October 2011).
778:Le Régiment de Hull
473:l'alambic à repasse
269:was already called
267:eau de vie de cidre
16:French apple brandy
4523:Fruit tree pruning
4151:Reinette du Canada
4023:Worcester Pearmain
3778:Lucombe's Seedling
3763:Liveland Raspberry
3608:Gascoyne's Scarlet
3563:Esopus Spitzenburg
3528:Dumelow's Seedling
3358:Aurora Golden Gala
1341:History of Chianti
1309:History of alcohol
1197:The New York Times
1134:on 27 October 2020
729:
628:
626:on the cider route
503:
448:
341:
320:
225:
172:[kalvados]
34:
4643:
4642:
4491:
4490:
4427:Jewish apple cake
4166:White Transparent
4086:Chelmsford Wonder
3433:Claygate Pearmain
3198:
3197:
3181:
3180:
2884:Chocolate liqueur
2845:Blackthorn shrub
2726:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2678:Various starches
2434:Tennessee whiskey
2128:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2095:Various starches
1457:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1351:History of Sherry
935:978-0-521-15255-6
893:978-1-4058-8118-0
659:Grades of quality
437:
436:
429:
263:French Revolution
241:in 1553, and the
4688:
4671:Distilled ciders
4633:
4632:
4623:
4622:
4613:
4612:
4535:Johnny Appleseed
4342:
4341:
4309:Ornamental apple
3623:Golden Delicious
3538:Ellison's Orange
3463:Court Pendu Plat
3443:Cornish Aromatic
3388:Belle de Boskoop
3353:Ashmead's Kernel
3323:Allington Pippin
3303:Airlie Red Flesh
3225:
3218:
3211:
3202:
3201:
2805:Herbs de Majorca
2779:Anisado Mallorca
2732:
2731:
2534:American whiskey
2525:Multiple grains
2414:Buckwheat whisky
2148:
2147:
2134:
2133:
1907:Multiple grains
1477:
1476:
1468:Fermented drinks
1463:
1462:
1369:Alcohol industry
1306:
1305:
1295:
1294:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1250:Official website
1236:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1130:. Archived from
1128:Sites.google.com
1120:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1072:
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1023:
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1005:
999:
998:
996:
994:
977:
971:
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968:
966:
946:
940:
939:
904:
898:
897:
876:
835:
830:
829:
828:
652:Fermier calvados
471:, called either
432:
425:
421:
418:
412:
381:
373:
339:Calvados apples.
182:
181:
180:
174:
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46:
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4686:
4685:
4646:
4645:
4644:
4639:
4601:
4487:
4436:
4422:Himmel und Erde
4331:
4327:Wijcik McIntosh
4303:
4299:Yarlington Mill
4279:Slack-ma-Girdle
4175:
4101:Crimson Bramley
4066:Blenheim Orange
4042:
3753:Laxton's Superb
3533:Egremont Russet
3488:Delbard Jubilée
3279:
3274:Malus sieversii
3260:Malus domestica
3247:
3234:
3229:
3199:
3194:
3177:
3146:Crème de cassis
3141:Crème de banane
3127:Various fruits
2996:Crème de menthe
2757:Crème de Noyaux
2740:
2718:
2560:
2544:Canadian whisky
2518:Kaoliang liquor
2424:Bourbon whiskey
2389:Japanese whisky
2369:
2338:Marillenschnaps
2314:Various fruits
2142:
2120:
1949:Agave americana
1937:
1711:
1666:Various fruits
1471:
1449:
1357:
1326:History of wine
1321:History of beer
1300:
1289:
1284:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1240:
1239:
1229:
1227:
1216:
1212:
1202:
1200:
1185:
1181:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1151:
1147:
1137:
1135:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1107:
1105:
1093:
1089:
1079:
1077:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1031:
1027:
1017:
1015:
1007:
1006:
1002:
992:
990:
978:
974:
964:
962:
948:
947:
943:
936:
905:
901:
894:
877:
873:
868:
831:
826:
824:
821:
809:
800:le trou normand
755:
733:le trou Normand
721:
714:
690:Vieille Réserve
661:
495:
433:
422:
416:
413:
398:
382:
371:
333:
325:
214:
209:
176:
175:
167:
139:
106:
94:
85:
84:
50:
41:
40:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4694:
4684:
4683:
4681:Norman cuisine
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4661:Fruit brandies
4658:
4656:Apple brandies
4641:
4640:
4638:
4637:
4627:
4617:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4600:
4599:
4598:
4597:
4595:Apple diseases
4592:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4542:
4540:Malling series
4537:
4532:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4444:
4442:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4397:Apple seed oil
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4348:
4346:
4339:
4337:Apple products
4333:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4313:
4311:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4254:Kingston Black
4251:
4249:Harrison Cider
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4194:Cap of Liberty
4191:
4185:
4183:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4141:Norfolk Biffin
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4106:Flower of Kent
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4052:
4050:
4048:Cooking apples
4044:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3953:Sturmer Pippin
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3913:Roxbury Russet
3910:
3908:Ribston Pippin
3905:
3900:
3898:Redlove apples
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3808:Newtown Pippin
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3773:Lord Lambourne
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3513:Dorsett Golden
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3493:Delbarestivale
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3428:Civni (Rubens)
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3403:Birgit Bonnier
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3383:Beauty of Bath
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3348:Arkansas Black
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3293:Adams Pearmain
3289:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3255:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3228:
3227:
3220:
3213:
3205:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3165:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3115:
3114:
3113:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3048:
3040:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3010:
3009:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2975:
2974:
2973:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2950:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2888:
2887:
2886:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2870:Chili peppers
2868:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2859:Cherry Heering
2853:
2852:
2851:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2769:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2754:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2728:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2657:Seco Herrerano
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2469:Mixiang Baijiu
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2154:
2152:
2144:
2143:
2141:by ingredients
2130:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2093:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1895:
1894:
1893:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1483:
1481:
1473:
1472:
1470:by ingredients
1459:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1376:
1371:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1323:
1318:
1312:
1310:
1302:
1301:
1291:
1290:
1283:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1260:
1244:
1243:External links
1241:
1238:
1237:
1210:
1179:
1165:
1159:. p. 62.
1145:
1115:
1087:
1059:
1045:
1039:. p. 27.
1025:
1000:
972:
941:
934:
899:
892:
880:Wells, John C.
870:
869:
867:
864:
863:
862:
856:
850:
844:
837:
836:
820:
817:
808:
805:
795:D-Day invasion
754:
751:
713:
710:
705:
704:
693:
686:
676:
660:
657:
656:
655:
649:
648:
647:
644:
641:
616:
615:
614:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
585:
584:
583:
580:
569:
566:
559:
556:
494:
491:
486:
485:
479:
435:
434:
385:
383:
376:
370:
367:
332:
329:
324:
321:
213:
210:
208:
205:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4693:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4636:
4628:
4626:
4618:
4616:
4608:
4607:
4604:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4547:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4518:Arctic Apples
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4503:Apple picking
4501:
4500:
4498:
4494:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4439:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4417:Caramel apple
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4402:Apple strudel
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4334:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4312:
4310:
4306:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4234:Golden Russet
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4199:Chisel Jersey
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4182:
4178:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4136:Newton Wonder
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4045:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4033:York Imperial
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3998:Tompkins King
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3943:Star of Devon
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3893:Red Pineapple
3891:
3889:
3888:Red Delicious
3886:
3884:
3883:Red Astrachan
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3828:Pam's Delight
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3743:Knobby Russet
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3648:Grimes Golden
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3628:Golden Orange
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
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3081:Grand Marnier
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2941:Cream liqueur
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2421:
2419:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2394:Scotch whisky
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:Irish whiskey
2382:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2364:
2361:
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2356:
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2222:
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2207:
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2203:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2172:Cashew apple
2171:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2131:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2084:Fermented tea
2082:
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2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2010:
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1997:
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1867:
1866:Shaoxing wine
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1681:
1678:
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1668:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1656:Prickly pear
1655:
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1641:
1638:
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1635:
1631:
1628:
1627:
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1199:
1198:
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1189:
1183:
1168:
1166:91-631-5546-X
1162:
1158:
1157:
1149:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1091:
1076:
1069:
1063:
1048:
1046:91-631-5546-X
1042:
1038:
1037:
1029:
1014:
1010:
1004:
988:
987:
982:
976:
961:
960:HarperCollins
957:
956:
951:
945:
937:
931:
927:
926:
921:
917:
913:
909:
908:Jones, Daniel
903:
895:
889:
885:
881:
875:
871:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
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767:
762:
761:
750:
748:
744:
743:
738:
734:
725:
719:
709:
702:
698:
694:
691:
688:"V.O." "VO",
687:
684:
680:
677:
674:
670:
669:Trois étoiles
666:
665:
664:
653:
650:
645:
642:
639:
638:
636:
635:
632:AOC calvados
630:
629:
625:
620:
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
596:
595:
593:
592:
589:AOC calvados
586:
581:
578:
574:
570:
567:
564:
560:
557:
554:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
536:and parts of
535:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
515:
514:
512:
508:
499:
490:
484:
480:
478:
474:
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467:
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461:
459:
455:
454:
446:
441:
431:
428:
420:
410:
406:
402:
396:
395:
391:
386:This section
384:
380:
375:
374:
366:
364:
360:
359:
354:
351:. It is then
350:
345:
337:
328:
316:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:
289:content. The
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
229:
222:
218:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
179:
173:
163:
88:
80:
44:
38:
30:
26:
22:
4544:
4527:
4467:
4362:Apple cheese
4352:Apple butter
4239:Golden Spire
4224:Ellis Bitter
4209:Crimson King
4181:Cider apples
4146:Northern Spy
4131:Manks Codlin
4116:Granny Smith
4111:Golden Noble
4028:Wyken Pippin
3693:Jersey Black
3683:James Grieve
3678:Ingrid Marie
3638:Granny Smith
3473:Crimson Gold
3458:Cosmic Crisp
3368:Autumn Glory
3363:Autumn Bough
3285:Table apples
3272:
3265:
3259:
2429:Corn whiskey
2333:Himbeergeist
2186:Kirschwasser
2165:
1948:
1646:Pomegranate
1540:Marsala wine
1535:Madeira wine
1426:Simple syrup
1421:Fermentation
1411:Distillation
1246:
1228:. Retrieved
1223:
1213:
1201:. Retrieved
1195:
1188:Asimov, Eric
1182:
1170:. Retrieved
1155:
1148:
1136:. Retrieved
1132:the original
1127:
1118:
1106:. Retrieved
1102:The Guardian
1100:
1090:
1078:. Retrieved
1074:
1062:
1052:30 September
1050:. Retrieved
1035:
1028:
1016:. Retrieved
1012:
1003:
991:. Retrieved
984:
975:
963:. Retrieved
953:
944:
923:
920:Esling, John
916:Setter, Jane
912:Roach, Peter
902:
883:
874:
833:Drink portal
810:
798:
788:
782:
776:
770:
764:
758:
756:
746:
740:
732:
730:
706:
700:
696:
689:
682:
678:
673:Trois pommes
672:
668:
662:
651:
631:
588:
577:fermentation
550:Eure-et-Loir
519:AOC calvados
518:
510:
507:French wines
504:
487:
483:column still
476:
472:
457:
451:
449:
423:
414:
399:Please help
387:
363:aging in oak
356:
346:
342:
326:
291:
274:
270:
266:
226:
195:, made from
36:
35:
25:
4557:Pollination
4496:Agriculture
4458:Apple juice
4453:Apple cider
4412:Candy apple
4407:Baked apple
4392:Apple sauce
4382:Apple flour
4377:Apple crisp
4189:Brown Snout
3868:Ralls Janet
3643:Gravenstein
3618:Ginger Gold
3092:Star anise
2986:Bénédictine
2946:Irish cream
2682:Aguardiente
2627:Aguardiente
2499:Rye whiskey
2009:Ginger wine
1726:Barley wine
1690:Mulled wine
1640:Plum jerkum
1610:Lychee wine
1600:Longan wine
1525:Bokbunja-ju
1515:Bignay wine
1505:Banana wine
1500:Banana beer
1374:Bathtub gin
1226:(in French)
1203:30 December
1075:Idac-aoc.fr
797:. Known as
634:Domfrontais
591:Pays d'Auge
534:departments
301:Pays d'Auge
297:Pays d'Auge
283:World War I
235:Charlemagne
4650:Categories
4635:Production
4508:Apple scab
4367:Apple chip
4357:Apple cake
4171:Wolf River
4161:Upton Pyne
4126:King Byerd
3988:Tartu Rose
3983:Taliaferro
3958:Summerfree
3928:Sekai Ichi
3843:Pink Pearl
3748:Lady Alice
3663:Honeycrisp
3553:Enterprise
3478:Cripps Red
3393:Bellflower
3151:Limoncello
3086:Triple sec
3061:Eau créole
3031:Irish Mist
3016:Bärenjäger
2971:Frangelico
2901:Cloudberry
2880:Chocolate
2864:Maraschino
2410:Buckwheat
2323:Eau de vie
1626:Pineapple
1590:Duhat wine
1586:Java plum
1580:White wine
1438:Winemaking
1362:Production
1108:2 November
981:"calvados"
950:"Calvados"
866:References
841:Angel Face
697:Hors d'Age
505:Like many
477:charentais
358:eau de vie
331:Production
279:phylloxera
275:café-calva
4625:Cultivars
4577:Russeting
4513:Applecrab
4478:Ice cider
4463:Applejack
4448:Apfelwein
4387:Apple pie
4274:Redstreak
4121:Grenadier
4081:Campanino
4056:Antonovka
3993:Tentation
3978:SweeTango
3963:Sundowner
3938:Splendour
3838:Paula Red
3833:Papirovka
3668:Honeygold
3573:EverCrisp
3518:Dougherty
3508:Discovery
3498:Delrouval
3398:Ben Davis
3136:Cedratine
3101:Sassolino
3071:Cointreau
2991:Brennivín
2967:Hazelnut
2931:Tia Maria
2890:Cinnamon
2874:Pertsivka
2839:Bierlikör
2642:Desi daru
2404:Bierbrand
2298:Tsikoudia
2261:Slivovitz
2161:Applejack
2039:Kabarawan
2015:Galangal
1969:Palm wine
1846:Rice wine
1826:Makgeolli
1761:Oshikundu
1680:Hippocras
1565:Rosé wine
1555:Port wine
1521:Bokbunja
1394:Lautering
813:ice cream
671:***, and
624:Cambremer
469:pot still
445:pot still
443:Calvados
417:July 2016
388:does not
353:distilled
323:Elsewhere
277:. When a
223:calvados.
212:In France
4572:Reinette
4552:Pearmain
4468:Calvados
4322:Goldspur
4317:Flamenco
4294:Woodcock
4289:Tom Putt
4269:Poveshon
4264:Michelin
4244:Hangdown
4229:Foxwhelp
4214:Dabinett
4204:Coccagee
4061:Bismarck
3858:Pristine
3788:McIntosh
3708:Jonathan
3703:Jonagold
3653:Haralson
3633:Goldspur
3588:Flamenco
3453:Cortland
3423:Champion
3408:Braeburn
3328:Ambrosia
3161:Sloe gin
3156:Schnapps
3121:Licor 43
3117:Vanilla
3111:Charanda
3042:Juniper
3021:Drambuie
2956:Advocaat
2912:Coconut
2849:Patxaran
2788:Anisette
2767:Absinthe
2752:Amaretto
2737:Liqueurs
2602:Lambanog
2510:Sorghum
2449:Cheongju
2303:Tsipouro
2247:Juniper
2221:Armagnac
2166:Calvados
2109:Parakari
2089:Kombucha
1989:Tunggang
1964:Bahalina
1931:Huangjiu
1897:Sorghum
1851:Rượu cần
1816:Gwaha-ju
1751:Tesgüino
1675:Dubonnet
1670:Conditum
1660:Colonche
1575:Vermouth
1560:Red wine
1545:Mistelle
1172:28 April
922:(eds.).
910:(2011).
882:(2008).
819:See also
807:Desserts
747:digestif
742:apéritif
573:pressing
523:Calvados
318:Calvados
309:Domfront
271:calvados
259:Normandy
251:Brittany
231:orchards
189:Normandy
37:Calvados
4483:Pommeau
4219:Dufflin
4096:Creston
4091:Costard
4071:Bramley
4018:Winston
4013:Winesap
4008:Wealthy
3948:Stayman
3933:Spartan
3798:Melrose
3758:Liberty
3723:Jupiter
3718:Julieta
3713:Jubilee
3698:Jonadel
3593:Florina
3583:Filippa
3373:Baldwin
3338:Annurca
3318:Alkmene
3298:Aia Ilu
3252:Species
3167:Walnut
3131:Campari
3076:Curaçao
3067:Orange
3051:Jenever
3036:Krupnik
2981:Aquavit
2922:Coffee
2894:Tentura
2855:Cherry
2829:Sambuca
2814:Mastika
2798:Hierbas
2772:Anisado
2748:Almond
2697:Horilka
2687:Akvavit
2637:Clairin
2632:Cachaça
2582:Tequila
2459:Lao-Lao
2444:Awamori
2380:Barley
2374:Cereals
2363:Schnaps
2353:Pálinka
2343:Nalewka
2308:Zivania
2241:Zivania
2182:Cherry
2139:Liquors
2005:Ginger
1841:Pangasi
1801:Choujiu
1781:Amazake
1757:Millet
1746:Tejuino
1722:Barley
1716:Cereals
1705:Sangria
1630:Tepache
1606:Lychee
1596:Longan
1511:Bignay
1496:Banana
1389:Malting
1384:Brewery
1379:Brewing
1138:27 July
1080:27 July
1018:26 July
993:21 July
965:21 July
712:Tasting
683:Réserve
563:terroir
542:Mayenne
466:alembic
409:removed
394:sources
305:Pommeau
287:alcohol
207:History
199:and/or
183:) is a
168:French:
4615:Apples
4586:Lists
4432:Pectin
4038:Zestar
3973:Suntan
3968:Sunset
3918:Sandow
3848:Pinova
3813:Nicola
3783:Macoun
3673:Idared
3658:Hokuto
3578:Fiesta
3548:Empire
3543:Elstar
3438:Clivia
3378:Beacon
3343:Ariane
3232:Apples
3171:Nocino
3096:Pastis
3026:Glayva
3012:Honey
3006:Unicum
3001:Metaxa
2977:Herbs
2961:Eggnog
2937:Cream
2926:Kahlúa
2916:Malibu
2763:Anise
2707:Shōchū
2702:Poitín
2692:Bangla
2672:Tharra
2613:Dairy
2597:Laksoy
2592:Arrack
2577:Mezcal
2554:Whisky
2549:Shōchū
2539:Baijiu
2514:Baijiu
2504:Starka
2474:Shochu
2464:Lihing
2454:Cholai
2420:Maize
2318:Brandy
2283:Grappa
2278:Chacha
2273:Pomace
2231:Cognac
2226:Brandy
2212:Grape
2206:Boukha
2192:Dates
2157:Apple
2114:Ibwatu
2104:Chicha
2050:Sugar
2025:Honey
1995:Dairy
1954:Pulque
1901:Pendhā
1821:Hariya
1811:Dansul
1791:Beopju
1766:Tongba
1695:Nabidh
1570:Sherry
1531:Grape
1486:Apple
1230:15 May
1163:
1043:
932:
890:
847:Lambig
787:, and
737:sorbet
667:"VS",
548:, and
546:Sarthe
529:, and
527:Manche
265:, but
257:, and
197:apples
193:France
185:brandy
4666:Cider
4546:Malus
4473:Cider
4441:Drink
4284:Styre
4259:Major
4003:Topaz
3923:Sansa
3873:Rambo
3863:Rajka
3853:Prima
3803:Mutsu
3793:Melba
3728:Kanzi
3418:Cameo
3413:Brina
3313:Åkerö
3308:Akane
2906:Lakka
2835:Beer
2712:Vodka
2662:Sulai
2647:Guaro
2617:Arkhi
2607:Sotol
2572:Agave
2565:Other
2484:Sulai
2440:Rice
2400:Beer
2358:Rakia
2328:Geist
2293:Orujo
2266:Țuică
2257:Plum
2236:Pisco
2196:Araqi
2151:Fruit
2099:Cauim
2074:Palek
2069:Intus
2054:Kilju
2034:Byais
2019:Byais
1999:Kumis
1984:Tuhak
1942:Other
1891:Kvass
1881:Tapuy
1876:Tapai
1871:Sonti
1836:Mirin
1831:Mijiu
1806:Chuak
1776:Agkud
1772:Rice
1741:Pozol
1736:Mageu
1732:Corn
1700:Pruno
1685:Jabol
1650:Rimon
1636:Plum
1620:Perry
1616:Pear
1490:Cider
1480:Fruit
1404:Yeast
1071:(PDF)
679:Vieux
355:into
349:cider
255:Maine
247:cider
243:guild
228:Apple
201:pears
187:from
4562:Pome
4345:Food
4156:Rome
3878:Rave
3818:Opal
3768:Lodi
3688:Jazz
3603:Gala
3598:Fuji
3558:Envy
3333:Anna
3190:List
2952:Egg
2824:Rakı
2819:Ouzo
2793:Arak
2667:Sura
2494:Korn
2490:Rye
2479:Soju
2348:Oghi
2288:Marc
2216:Arak
2202:Fig
2176:Feni
2080:Tea
2064:Basi
2044:Mead
2029:Bais
1979:Tubâ
1974:Tuak
1926:Boza
1921:Beer
1887:Rye
1861:Sato
1856:Sake
1796:Brem
1399:Wort
1232:2022
1205:2011
1174:2017
1161:ISBN
1140:2022
1110:2011
1082:2022
1054:2013
1041:ISBN
1020:2022
995:2019
967:2019
930:ISBN
888:ISBN
561:The
538:Eure
531:Orne
517:The
392:any
390:cite
245:for
221:VSOP
3568:Eva
3046:Gin
2652:Rum
2529:Ara
2251:Gin
1916:Ara
1911:Ale
1786:Apo
681:or
475:or
403:by
191:in
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