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They are medium to large birds with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes—which give them a reptilian appearance—and cryptic plumage. The names thick-knee and stone-curlew are both in common use. The term stone-curlew owes its origin to the broad similarities with true
299:, and are found throughout the tropical and temperate parts of the world, with two or more species occurring in some areas of Africa, Asia, and Australia. Despite the group being classified as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semiarid habitats.
425:
and other invertebrates. Larger species also take lizards and even small mammals. Most species are sedentary, but the
Eurasian stone-curlew is a summer
421:
They are largely nocturnal, particularly when singing their loud, wailing songs, which are reminiscent of true curlews. Their diet consists mainly of
1207:
393:
curlews. Thick-knee refers to the prominent joints in the long yellow or greenish legs and apparently originated with a name coined in 1776 for
734:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. 222. New York: American Museum of Natural History. pp. 112β113, 137, 247.
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439:
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937:"The unexpected survival of an ancient lineage of anseriform birds into the Neogene of Australia: the youngest record of Presbyornithidae"
1318:
1181:
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1323:
754:"Buttonquail, thick-knees, sheathbills, plovers, oystercatchers, stilts, painted-snipes, jacanas, Plains-wanderer, seedsnipes"
804:
Kuhl, H.; Frankl-Vilches, C.; Bakker, A.; Mayr, G.; Nikolaus, G.; Boerno, S.T.; Klages, S.; Timmermann, B.; Gahr, M. (2020).
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of
Australia, was originally classified as a stone-curlew, but was subsequently argued to be a member of the extinct
1285:
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898:"The earliest European record of a Stone-curlew (Charadriiformes, Burhinidae) from the late Oligocene of France"
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1103:
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935:
Vanesa L. De Pietri; R. Paul
Scofield; Nikita Zelenkov; Walter E. Boles & Trevor H. Worthy (2016).
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The family
Burhinidae was introduced in 1912 for the stone-curlews by Australian ornithologist
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Worthy, Trevor H.; De Pietri, Vanesa L.; Scofield, R. Paul; Hand, Suzanne J. (2023-03-20).
806:"An unbiased molecular approach using 3β²-UTRs resolves the avian family-level tree of life"
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986:"A new Eocene species of presbyornithid (Aves, Anseriformes) from Murgon, Australia"
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in the temperate
European part of its range, wintering in Africa.
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Harrison, Colin J.O. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph (ed.).
870:
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384:, that belong to the sandpiper family Scolopacidae.
374:. The stone-curlews are not closely related to the
354:studies have shown that the family Burhinidae is
1305:
896:Vanesa L. De Pietri; R. Paul Scofield (2014).
875:. London: Merehurst Press. pp. 105β106.
781:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
707:"A reference-list to the birds of Australia"
295:, consist of 10 species within the family
268:
117:
1009:
960:
847:. Birds. Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books.
827:
817:
362:containing the sheathbills in the family
783:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 81.
437:The earliest definitive stone-curlew is
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778:
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14:
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866:
864:
760:. International Ornithologists' Union
1174:5a3a0850-5639-4c18-908d-bb7c9fa23e18
727:
311:. The family contains three genera:
473:, instead. The living species are:
24:
861:
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25:
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1319:Extant Cenozoic first appearances
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758:IOC World Bird List Version 11.1
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1047:on the Internet Bird Collection
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873:Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds
810:Molecular Biology and Evolution
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387:
13:
1:
1324:Taxa named by Gregory Mathews
1011:10.1080/03115518.2023.2184491
688:
524:Hesperoburhinus superciliaris
416:
348:meaning "nose" (or "bill").
7:
302:
10:
1340:
941:Royal Society Open Science
779:Jobling, James A. (2010).
505:Hesperoburhinus bistriatus
432:
1063:
914:10.1007/s10336-013-1022-8
500:Double-striped thick-knee
276:
267:
232:
227:
138:Scientific classification
136:
125:
116:
34:
843:Kochan, Jack B. (1994).
728:Bock, Walter J. (1994).
440:Genucrassum bransatensis
752:, eds. (January 2021).
902:Journal of Ornithology
819:10.1093/molbev/msaa191
352:Molecular phylogenetic
1273:Paleobiology Database
662:Esacus recurvirostris
600:Burhinus vermiculatus
581:Burhinus senegalensis
538:Eurasian stone-curlew
457:, described from the
399:Eurasian stone-curlew
1169:Fauna Europaea (new)
711:Novitates Zoologicae
1002:2023Alch...47..416W
953:10.1098/rsos.150635
681:Esacus magnirostris
638:Burhinus grallarius
557:Indian stone-curlew
543:Burhinus oedicnemus
519:Peruvian thick-knee
413:are confused here.
131:Burhinus grallarius
1045:Thick-knees videos
748:; Donsker, David;
676:Beach stone-curlew
657:Great stone-curlew
614:Spotted thick-knee
576:Senegal thick-knee
370:in its own family
1301:
1300:
1260:Open Tree of Life
1057:Taxon identifiers
790:978-1-4081-2501-4
750:Rasmussen, Pamela
686:
685:
633:Bush stone-curlew
619:Burhinus capensis
368:Magellanic plover
340:meaning "ox" and
281:
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127:Bush stone-curlew
16:(Redirected from
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595:Water thick-knee
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562:Burhinus indicus
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471:Presbyornithidae
401:. Obviously the
287:, also known as
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38:Temporal range:
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314:Hesperoburhinus
309:Gregory Mathews
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237:Hesperoburhinus
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195:Charadriiformes
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1039:External links
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486:Binomial name
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335:Ancient Greek
333:combines the
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285:stone-curlews
277:modern range
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1195:iNaturalist
1089:Wikispecies
812:(msaa191).
746:Gill, Frank
388:Description
329:. The name
293:thick-knees
259:Genucrassum
1314:Burhinidae
1308:Categories
1109:Burhinidae
1095:Burhinidae
1065:Burhinidae
689:References
640:(formerly
467:anseriform
409:) and the
297:Burhinidae
215:Burhinidae
201:Suborder:
18:Burhinidae
1028:257679005
1020:0311-5518
443:from the
417:Behaviour
364:Chionidae
205:Charadrii
161:Kingdom:
155:Eukaryota
1074:Wikidata
971:26998335
922:17046070
705:(1912).
381:Numenius
378:, genus
366:and the
331:Burhinus
320:Burhinus
303:Taxonomy
244:Burhinus
211:Family:
175:Chordata
171:Phylum:
165:Animalia
151:Domain:
1080:Q145854
998:Bibcode
962:4785986
829:7783168
479:Picture
469:family
461:to the
433:Species
427:migrant
423:insects
376:curlews
289:dikkops
228:Genera
220:Mathews
191:Order:
181:Class:
46:Present
1291:196039
1265:261310
1226:176744
1213:101356
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787:
764:29 May
454:Wilaru
449:France
397:, the
356:sister
346:rhinos
326:Esacus
251:Esacus
222:, 1912
1286:WoRMS
1278:39561
1252:85103
1208:IRMNG
1161:10778
1122:52509
1024:S2CID
918:S2CID
407:ankle
360:clade
358:to a
1247:NCBI
1221:ITIS
1200:4917
1187:9697
1182:GBIF
1148:8012
1117:BOLD
1016:ISSN
967:PMID
877:ISBN
849:ISBN
785:ISBN
766:2021
482:Name
411:knee
403:heel
342:rhis
338:bous
323:and
283:The
185:Aves
52:Preκ
1234:NBN
1143:EoL
1135:7GJ
1130:CoL
1104:AFD
1006:doi
957:PMC
949:doi
910:doi
906:155
824:PMC
814:doi
644:).
447:of
291:or
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863:^
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912::
885:.
857:.
832:.
816::
793:.
768:.
405:(
256:β
107:N
97:K
92:J
87:T
82:P
77:C
72:D
67:S
62:O
57:κ
44:β
20:)
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