1065:
studies have yielded a wide range of results: between 0.1% and 1.4% of males, and between 0.3% and 9.4% of females. Studies on time trends in the prevalence of bulimia nervosa have also yielded inconsistent results. According to Gelder, Mayou and Geddes (2005) bulimia nervosa is prevalent between 1 and 2 percent of women aged 15–40 years. Bulimia nervosa occurs more frequently in developed countries and in cities, with one study finding that bulimia is five times more prevalent in cities than in rural areas. There is a perception that bulimia is most prevalent amongst girls from middle-class families; however, in a 2009 study girls from families in the lowest income bracket studied were 153 percent more likely to be bulimic than girls from the highest income bracket. According to a study conducted in 2022 by Silen et al., which conglomerated statistics using various methods such as SCID, MRFS, EDE, SSAGA, and EDDI, the US, Finland, Australia, and the
Netherlands had an estimated 2.1%, 2.4%, 1.0%, and 0.8% prevalence of bulimia nervosa among females under 30 years of age. This demonstrates the prevalence of bulimia nervosa in developed, Western, first-world countries, indicating an urgency in treating adolescent women. Additionally, these statistics may be misrepresentative of the true population affected with bulimia nervosa due to potential underreporting bias.
861:
fashion magazines tend to have more bulimic symptoms than those women who do not. This further demonstrates the impact of media on the likelihood of developing the disorder. Individuals first accept and "buy into" the ideals, and then attempt to transform themselves in order to reflect the societal ideals of attractiveness. J. Kevin
Thompson and Eric Stice claim that family, peers, and most evidently media reinforce the thin ideal, which may lead to an individual accepting and "buying into" the thin ideal. In turn, Thompson and Stice assert that if the thin ideal is accepted, one could begin to feel uncomfortable with their body shape or size since it may not necessarily reflect the thin ideal set out by society. Thus, people feeling uncomfortable with their bodies may result in body dissatisfaction and may develop a certain drive for thinness. Consequently, body dissatisfaction coupled with a drive for thinness is thought to promote dieting and negative effects, which could eventually lead to bulimic symptoms such as purging or bingeing. Binges lead to self-disgust which causes purging to prevent weight gain.
865:
programs) dedicated to teaching young women how to be more critical when it comes to media, to reduce thin-ideal internalization. The results showed that by creating more awareness of the media's control of the societal ideal of attractiveness, the thin ideal internalization significantly dropped. In other words, less thin ideal images portrayed by the media resulted in less thin-ideal internalization. Therefore, Thompson and Stice concluded that media greatly affected the thin ideal internalization. Papies showed that it is not the thin ideal itself, but rather the self-association with other persons of a certain weight that decide how someone with bulimia nervosa feels. People that associate themselves with thin models get in a positive attitude when they see thin models and people that associate with overweight get in a negative attitude when they see thin models. Moreover, it can be taught to associate with thinner people.
962:
might be more helpful to younger adolescents who need more support and guidance from their families. Adolescents are at the stage where their brains are still quite malleable and developing gradually. Therefore, young adolescents with BN are less likely to realize the detrimental consequences of becoming bulimic and have less motivation to change, which is why FBT would be useful to have families intervene and support the teens. Working with BN patients and their families in FBT can empower the families by having them involved in their adolescent's food choices and behaviors, taking more control of the situation in the beginning and gradually letting the adolescent become more autonomous when they have learned healthier eating habits.
1025:
656:
Another study in the
Journal of Affective Disorders found that of the population of patients that were diagnosed with an eating disorder according to the DSM-V guidelines about 27% also suffered from bipolar disorder. Within this article, the majority of the patients were diagnosed with bulimia nervosa, the second most common condition reported was binge-eating disorder. Some individuals with anorexia nervosa exhibit episodes of bulimic tendencies through purging (either through self-induced vomiting or laxatives) as a way to quickly remove food in their system. There may be an increased risk for
906:
consumption) compensated for by excessive or inappropriate measures taken to avoid gaining weight. The diagnosis also requires the episodes of compensatory behaviors and binge eating to happen a minimum of once a week for a consistent time period of 3 months. The diagnosis is made only when the behavior is not a part of the symptom complex of anorexia nervosa and when the behavior reflects an overemphasis on physical mass or appearance. Purging often is a common characteristic of a more severe case of bulimia nervosa.
368:
25:
1393:
description of bulimia nervosa. In 1939, Rahman and
Richardson reported that out of their six anorexic patients, one had periods of overeating, and another practiced self-induced vomiting. Wulff, in 1932, treated "Patient D", who would have periods of intense cravings for food and overeat for weeks, which often resulted in frequent vomiting. Patient D, who grew up with a tyrannical father, was repulsed by her weight and would fast for a few days, rapidly losing weight.
948:
symptom free. He states in order for the therapy to work, all parties must work together to discuss, record and develop coping strategies. Barker (2003) claims by making people aware of their actions they will think of alternatives. People undergoing CBT who exhibit early behavioral changes are most likely to achieve the best treatment outcomes in the long run. Researchers have also reported some positive outcomes for interpersonal psychotherapy and
76:
360:
1333:. It is unclear whether this purging was preceded by binging. In ancient Egypt, physicians recommended purging once a month for three days to preserve health. This practice stemmed from the belief that human diseases were caused by the food itself. In ancient Rome, elite society members would vomit to "make room" in their stomachs for more food at all-day banquets. Emperors
853:.'s model and more generally the cognitive explanation of bulimia nervosa is more descriptive than explanatory, as it does not necessarily explain how bulimia arises. Furthermore, it is difficult to ascertain cause and effect, because it may be that distorted eating leads to distorted cognition rather than vice versa.
1425:
After its appearance in the DSM-III, there was a sudden rise in the documented incidents of bulimia nervosa. In the early 1980s, incidents of the disorder rose to about 40 in every 100,000 people. This decreased to about 27 in every 100,000 people at the end of the 1980s/early 1990s. However, bulimia
961:
The use of CBT has been shown to be quite effective for treating bulimia nervosa (BN) in adults, but little research has been done on effective treatments of BN for adolescents. Although CBT is seen as more cost-efficient and helps individuals with BN in self-guided care, Family Based
Treatment (FBT)
947:
By using CBT people record how much food they eat and periods of vomiting with the purpose of identifying and avoiding emotional fluctuations that bring on episodes of bulimia on a regular basis. Barker (2003) states that research has found 40–60% of people using cognitive behaviour therapy to become
821:
argue that extreme concern with weight and shape coupled with low self-esteem will result in strict, rigid, and inflexible dietary rules. Accordingly, this would lead to unrealistically restricted eating, which may consequently induce an eventual "slip" where the individual commits a minor infraction
375:
Bulimia typically involves rapid and out-of-control eating, which may stop when the person is interrupted by another person or the stomach hurts from over-extension, followed by self-induced vomiting or other forms of purging. This cycle may be repeated several times a week or, in more serious cases,
878:
of 0.5 percent and 0.9 percent for adults and adolescents, respectively, is estimated among the United States population. Bulimia nervosa may affect up to 1% of young women and, after 10 years of diagnosis, half will recover fully, a third will recover partially, and 10–20% will still have symptoms.
864:
A study dedicated to investigating the thin ideal internalization as a factor of bulimia nervosa is
Thompson's and Stice's research. Their study aimed to investigate how and to what degree media affects the thin ideal internalization. Thompson and Stice used randomized experiments (more specifically
1401:
in 1958, was teased by friends for being fat and excessively took thyroid pills to lose weight, later using laxatives and vomiting. She reportedly consumed dozens of oranges and several pounds of tomatoes each day, yet would skip meals. After being admitted to a psychiatric facility for depression,
1392:
from 1917 to 1929 were compiled. Fifty-five to sixty-five percent of these patients were reported to be voluntarily vomiting to relieve weight anxiety. Records show that purging for weight control continued throughout the mid-1900s. Several case studies from this era reveal patients with the modern
860:
When exploring the etiology of bulimia through a socio-cultural perspective, the "thin ideal internalization" is significantly responsible. The thin-ideal internalization is the extent to which individuals adapt to the societal ideals of attractiveness. Studies have shown that young women that read
840:
s cognitive-behavioral model of bulimia nervosa in that the drive for thinness was the major cause of purging as a way of controlling weight. In turn, Byrne and Mclean argued that this makes the individual vulnerable to binging, indicating that it is not a binge-purge cycle but rather a purge-binge
794:
Media portrayals of an 'ideal' body shape are widely considered to be a contributing factor to bulimia. In a 1991 study by
Weltzin, Hsu, Pollicle, and Kaye, it was stated that 19% of bulimics undereat, 37% of bulimics eat an average or normal amount of food, and 44% of bulimics overeat. A survey of
655:
People with bulimia are at a higher risk to have an affective disorder, such as depression or general anxiety disorder. One study found 70% had depression at some time in their lives (as opposed to 26% for adult females in the general population), rising to 88% for all affective disorders combined.
1367:
referenced practices of "bulimia", yet scholars believe that this simply referred to overeating without the purging or the psychological implications bulimia nervosa. In fact, a search for evidence of bulimia nervosa from the 17th to late 19th century revealed that only a quarter of the overeating
905:
was revised, which resulted in the loosening of criteria regarding the diagnoses of bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa. The diagnostic criteria utilized by the DSM-5 includes repetitive episodes of binge eating (a discrete episode of overeating during which the individual feels out of control of
848:
s cognitive-behavioral model of bulimia nervosa is not necessarily applicable to every individual and is certainly reductionist. Every one differs from another, and taking such a complex behavior like bulimia and applying the same one theory to everyone would certainly be invalid. In addition, the
1011:
Being female and having bulimia nervosa takes a toll on mental health. Women frequently reported an onset of anxiety at the same time of the onset of bulimia nervosa. The approximate female-to-male ratio of diagnosis is 10:1. In addition to cognitive, genetic, and environmental factors, childhood
697:
and eating disorders—particularly bulimia nervosa and bipolar II disorder—are related." The research shows that most clinical studies indicate that patients with bipolar disorder have higher rates of eating disorders, and vice versa. There is overlap in phenomenology, course, comorbidity, family
256:
or fasting, as well as excessive concern with body shape and weight. This activity aims to expel the body of calories eaten from the binging phase of the process. Binge eating refers to eating a large amount of food in a short amount of time. Purging refers to the attempts to get rid of the food
1417:
first published a description of bulimia nervosa, in which he studied patients with a "morbid fear of becoming fat" who overate and purged afterward. He specified treatment options and indicated the seriousness of the disease, which can be accompanied by depression and suicide. In 1980, bulimia
1376:
Globally, bulimia was estimated to affect 3.6 million people in 2015. About 1% of young women have bulimia at a given point in time and about 2% to 3% of women have the condition at some point in their lives. The condition is less common in the developing world. Bulimia is about nine times more
1001:
The first use of hypnotherapy in
Bulimic patients was in 1981. When it comes to hypnotherapy, Bulimic patients are easier to hypnotize than Anorexia Nervosa patients. In Bulimic patients, hypnotherapy focuses on learning self-control when it comes to binging and vomiting, strengthening stimulus
1064:
There is little data on the percentage of people with bulimia in general populations. Most studies conducted thus far have been on convenience samples from hospital patients, high school or university students; research on bulimia nervosa among ethnic minorities has also been limited. Existing
986:
may also be effective against bulimia. Topiramate may also be useful but has greater side effects. Compared to placebo, the use of a single antidepressant has been shown to be effective. Combining medication with counseling can improve outcomes in some circumstances. Some positive outcomes of
1409:
An explanation for the increased instances of bulimic symptoms may be due to the 20th century's new ideals of thinness. The shame of being fat emerged in the 1940s when teasing remarks about weight became more common. The 1950s, however, truly introduced the trend of aspiration for thinness.
987:
treatments can include: abstinence from binge eating, a decrease in obsessive behaviors to lose weight and in shape preoccupation, less severe psychiatric symptoms, a desire to counter the effects of binge eating, as well as an improvement in social functioning and reduced relapse rates.
937:
classes may have a modest benefit. While outcomes with bulimia are typically better than in those with anorexia, the risk of death among those affected is higher than that of the general population. At 10 years after receiving treatment about 50% of people are fully recovered.
873:
The onset of bulimia nervosa is often during adolescence, between 13 and 20 years of age, and many cases have previously experienced obesity, with many relapsing in adulthood into episodic bingeing and purging even after initially successful treatment and remission. A lifetime
803:, found the self-reported incidence of purging rose from 0% in 1995 (a few weeks after the introduction of television in the province) to 11.3% in 1998. In addition, the suicide rate among people with bulimia nervosa is 7.5 times higher than in the general population.
2591:
McElroy, Susan L.; Crow, Scott; Blom, Thomas J.; Biernacka, Joanna M.; Winham, Stacey J.; Geske, Jennifer; Cuellar-Barboza, Alfredo B.; Bobo, William V.; Prieto, Miguel L.; Veldic, Marin; Mori, Nicole; Seymour, Lisa R.; Bond, David J.; Frye, Mark A. (February 2016).
631:
states. Regarding interoceptive sensation, hyposensitive individuals may not detect normal feelings of fullness at the appropriate time while eating, and are prone to eating more calories in a short period of time as a result of this decreased sensitivity.
1384:
At the turn of the century, bulimia (overeating) was described as a clinical symptom, but rarely in the context of weight control. Purging, however, was seen in anorexic patients and attributed to gastric pain rather than another method of weight control.
3290:
Tortorella A, Brambilla F, Fabrazzo M, Volpe U, Monteleone AM, Mastromo D, Monteleone P (September 2014). "Central and peripheral peptides regulating eating behaviour and energy homeostasis in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: a literature review".
1402:
Ellen ate ravenously yet lost weight, presumably due to self-induced vomiting. However, while these patients may have met modern criteria for bulimia nervosa, they cannot technically be diagnosed with the disorder, as it had not yet appeared in the
856:
A considerable amount of literature has identified a correlation between sexual abuse and the development of bulimia nervosa. The reported incident rate of unwanted sexual contact is higher among those with bulimia nervosa than anorexia nervosa.
1324:
Although diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa did not appear until 1979, evidence suggests that binging and purging were popular in certain ancient cultures. The first documented account of behavior resembling bulimia nervosa was recorded in
899:, because bulimics tend to be of average or slightly above average weight. Many bulimics may also engage in significantly disordered eating and exercise patterns without meeting the full diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa. Recently, the
744:
have a dysregulation of appetite, along with carbohydrates and fats. This dysregulation of appetite is also seen in women with bulimia nervosa. In addition, gene knockout studies in mice have shown that mice that have the gene encoding
1429:
In 1991, Kendler et al. documented the cumulative risk for bulimia nervosa for those born before 1950, from 1950 to 1959, and after 1959. The risk for those born after 1959 is much higher than those in either of the other cohorts.
886:
and compulsivity issues in eating compared to their peers. This means that the high expectations and unrealistic goals that these individuals set for themselves are internally motivated rather than by social views or expectations.
760:
Bulimia has been compared to drug addiction, though the empirical support for this characterization is limited. However, people with bulimia nervosa may share dopamine D2 receptor-related vulnerabilities with those with
5234:
944:(CBT), which involves teaching a person to challenge automatic thoughts and engage in behavioral experiments (for example, in session eating of "forbidden foods") has a small amount of evidence supporting its use.
5891:
5876:
816:
s cognitive-behavioral model is often considered the golden standard. Fairburn et al.'s model discusses the process in which an individual falls into the binge-purge cycle and thus develops bulimia. Fairburn
319:
Bulimia is more common among those who have a close relative with the condition. The percentage risk that is estimated to be due to genetics is between 30% and 80%. Other risk factors for the disease include
698:
history, and pharmacologic treatment response of these disorders. This is especially true of "eating dysregulation, mood dysregulation, impulsivity and compulsivity, craving for activity and/or exercise."
2897:
Wagner, Angela; Greer, Phil; Bailer, Ursula F.; Frank, Guido K.; Henry, Shannan E.; Putnam, Karen; Meltzer, Carolyn C.; Ziolko, Scott K.; Hoge, Jessica; McConaha, Claire; Kaye, Walter H. (2006-02-01).
1936:
Wagner, Angela; Greer, Phil; Bailer, Ursula F.; Frank, Guido K.; Henry, Shannan E.; Putnam, Karen; Meltzer, Carolyn C.; Ziolko, Scott K.; Hoge, Jessica; McConaha, Claire; Kaye, Walter H. (2006-02-01).
675:. This can be caused by a childhood in which inner feelings and thoughts were minimized by parents, leading to "a high focus on receiving validation from others to maintain a positive sense of self".
2079:
4532:
Castro-Fornieles J, Bigorra A, Martinez-Mallen E, Gonzalez L, Moreno E, Font E, Toro J (2011). "Motivation to change in adolescents with bulimia nervosa mediates clinical change after treatment".
775:
Abnormal blood levels of peptides important for the regulation of appetite and energy balance are observed in individuals with bulimia nervosa, but it remains unknown if this is a state or trait.
1851:"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015"
826:
thinking leads the individual to binge. The binge subsequently should trigger a perceived loss of control, promoting the individual to purge in hope of counteracting the binge. However, Fairburn
2796:
Sivanathan D, Bizumic B, Rieger E, Huxley E (December 2019). "Vulnerable narcissism as a mediator of the relationship between perceived parental invalidation and eating disorder pathology".
4160:
Agras WS, Crow SJ, Halmi KA, Mitchell JE, Wilson GT, Kraemer HC (August 2000). "Outcome predictors for the cognitive behavior treatment of bulimia nervosa: data from a multisite study".
608:
As with many psychiatric illnesses, delusions can occur, in conjunction with other signs and symptoms, leaving the person with a false belief that is not ordinarily accepted by others.
1084:; however, a more recent study showed that African-American teenage girls were 50 percent more likely than white girls to exhibit bulimic behavior, including both binging and purging.
768:
Dieting, a common behaviour in bulimics, is associated with lower plasma tryptophan levels. Decreased tryptophan levels in the brain, and thus the synthesis of serotonin, such as via
660:. Bulimia also has negative effects on a person's teeth due to the acid passed through the mouth from frequent vomiting causing acid erosion, mainly on the posterior dental surface.
623:
deficits, in which one experiences impairment in recognizing and discriminating between internal sensations, feelings, and emotions. People with bulimia may also react negatively to
5492:
Garfinkel PE, Lin E, Goering P, Spegg C, Goldbloom DS, Kennedy S, et al. (July 1995). "Bulimia nervosa in a
Canadian community sample: prevalence and comparison of subgroups".
1012:
gastrointestinal problems and early pubertal maturation also increase the likelihood of developing bulimia nervosa. Another concern with eating disorders is developing a coexisting
335:
Diagnosis is based on a person's medical history; however, this is difficult, as people are usually secretive about their binge eating and purging habits. Further, the diagnosis of
2096:
786:
from an evolutionary perspective. If eating disorders, Bulimia nervosa in particular, have evolutionary functions or if they are new modern "lifestyle" problems is still debated.
2640:
Nieto-MartĂnez R, González-Rivas JP, Medina-Inojosa JR, Florez H (November 2017). "Are Eating
Disorders Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis".
849:
cognitive-behavioral model of bulimia nervosa is very culturally bound in that it may not be necessarily applicable to cultures outside of Western society. To evaluate, Fairburn
5338:
Lahortiga-Ramos F, De Irala-EstĂ©vez J, Cano-Prous A, Gual-GarcĂa P, MartĂnez-González MA, Cervera-Enguix S (March 2005). "Incidence of eating disorders in Navarra (Spain)".
3811:
Papies EK, Nicolaije KA (January 2012). "Inspiration or deflation? Feeling similar or dissimilar to slim and plus-size models affects self-evaluation of restrained eaters".
1566:
708:
Scientific research has shown that people suffering from bulimia have decreased volumes of brain matter, and that the abnormalities are reversible after long-term recovery.
5238:
3255:
Weltzin TE, Fernstrom MH, Fernstrom JD, Neuberger SK, Kaye WH (November 1995). "Acute tryptophan depletion and increased food intake and irritability in bulimia nervosa".
1360:(1347–1380) is known to have supplemented her strict abstinence from food by purging as reparation for her sins. Catherine died from starvation at age thirty-three.
2683:
Maples J, Collins B, Miller JD, Fischer S, Seibert A (January 2011). "Differences between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and bulimic symptoms in young women".
1901:
Flett GL, Newby J, Hewitt PL, Persaud C (September 2011). "Perfectionistic Automatic Thoughts, Trait Perfectionism, and Bulimic Automatic Thoughts in Young Women".
6485:
5418:"Prevalence and correlates of bulimia nervosa and bulimic behaviors in a racially diverse sample of undergraduate students in two universities in southeast Texas"
2041:
McElroy SL, Kotwal R, Keck PE, Akiskal HS (June 2005). "Comorbidity of bipolar and eating disorders: distinct or related disorders with shared dysregulations?".
5103:
1403:
1363:
While the psychological disorder "bulimia nervosa" is relatively new, the word "bulimia", signifying overeating, has been present for centuries. The Babylon
901:
5527:
Suzuki K, Takeda A, Matsushita S (July 1995). "Coprevalence of bulimia with alcohol abuse and smoking among Japanese male and female high school students".
2076:
5562:
Heatherton TF, Nichols P, Mahamedi F, Keel P (November 1995). "Body weight, dieting, and eating disorder symptoms among college students, 1982 to 1992".
1849:
Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, et al. (GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators) (October 2016).
3877:
Castro-Fornieles J, Gual P, Lahortiga F, Gila A, CasulĂ V, Fuhrmann C, et al. (September 2007). "Self-oriented perfectionism in eating disorders".
1002:
control techniques, enhancing ones ego, improving weight control, and helping overweight patients see their body differently (have a different image).
2936:
1377:
likely to occur in women than men. Among women, rates are highest in young adults. Bulimia was named and first described by the British psychiatrist
5608:
3768:
Thompson JK, Stice E (2001). "Thin-Ideal Internalization: Mounting Evidence for a New Risk Factor for Body-Image Disturbance and Eating Pathology".
736:
There is evidence that sex hormones may influence appetite and eating in women and the onset of bulimia nervosa. Studies have shown that women with
5155:
Tölgyes T, Nemessury J (August 2004). "Epidemiological studies on adverse dieting behaviours and eating disorders among young people in Hungary".
2456:
Badoud D, Tsakiris M (June 2017). "From the body's viscera to the body's image: Is there a link between interoception and body image concerns?".
1803:
McElroy SL, Guerdjikova AI, Mori N, O'Melia AM (October 2012). "Current pharmacotherapy options for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder".
2718:
Steiger H, Jabalpurwala S, Champagne J, Stotland S (September 1997). "A controlled study of trait narcissism in anorexia and bulimia nervosa".
4285:
Fairburn CG, Agras WS, Walsh BT, Wilson GT, Stice E (December 2004). "Prediction of outcome in bulimia nervosa by early change in treatment".
4199:, Liu X, Waternaux C (August 1999). "Psychological versus pharmacological treatments of bulimia nervosa: predictors and processes of change".
725:, there is evidence of genetic predispositions contributing to the onset of this eating disorder. Abnormal levels of many hormones, notably
3968:
690:
5678:. D. Garner & P. Garfinkel (Eds.), Handbook of Treatment for Eating Disorders (2nd ed., pp. 11–24). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
3624:
2107:
6957:
6913:
6016:
5457:
Götestam KG, Eriksen L, Hagen H (November 1995). "An epidemiological study of eating disorders in Norwegian psychiatric institutions".
1558:
5198:
Franko DL, Becker AE, Thomas JJ, Herzog DB (March 2007). "Cross-ethnic differences in eating disorder symptoms and related distress".
2834:
5394:
2731:
2374:
1368:
cases they examined actually vomited after the binges. There was no evidence of deliberate vomiting or an attempt to control weight.
5470:
6772:
6389:
6202:
4721:
3118:"Does a shared neurobiology for foods and drugs of abuse contribute to extremes of food ingestion in anorexia and bulimia nervosa?"
2342:
6182:
5805:
3746:
4792:"Coming to Terms With Risk Factors for Eating Disorders: Application of Risk Terminology and Suggestions for a General Taxonomy"
6508:
2285:
1426:
nervosa's prevalence was still much higher than anorexia nervosa's, which at the time occurred in about 14 people per 100,000.
971:
930:
207:
5076:
914:
There are two main types of treatment given to those with bulimia nervosa; psychopharmacological and psychosocial treatments.
4144:
4023:
3982:
3855:
3618:
3450:
3417:
3016:
1742:
5822:
Kendler KS, MacLean C, Neale M, Kessler R, Heath A, Eaves L (December 1991). "The genetic epidemiology of bulimia nervosa".
2630:
Carlson, N.R., et al. (2007). Psychology: The Science of Behaviour – 4th Canadian ed. Toronto, ON: Pearson Education Canada.
1439:
958:, developed at the Maudsley Hospital in London for the treatment of anorexia, has been shown promising results in bulimia.
371:
The erosion on the lower teeth was caused by bulimia. For comparison, the upper teeth were restored with porcelain veneers.
6969:
6117:
5906:
5252:
Machado PP, Machado BC, Gonçalves S, Hoek HW (April 2007). "The prevalence of eating disorders not otherwise specified".
3359:"Evolutionary Psychology of Eating Disorders: An Explorative Study in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa"
1989:"Impact of comorbid borderline personality disorder on inpatient treatment for bulimia nervosa: Analysis of routine data"
1987:
Hessler, Johannes Baltasar; Heuser, Jörg; Schlegl, Sandra; Bauman, Tabea; Greetfeld, Martin; Voderholzer, Ulrich (2019).
1459:
2429:
Boswell JF, Anderson LM, Anderson DA (June 2015). "Integration of Interoceptive Exposure in Eating Disorder Treatment".
635:
Examining from a neural basis also connects elements of interoception and emotion; notable overlaps occur in the medial
6219:
6194:
6029:
4878:"Prevalence and early risk factors for bulimia nervosa symptoms in inner-city youth: gender and ethnicity perspectives"
3725:
2410:
7005:
6825:
6723:
2753:
Steinberg BE, Shaw RJ (1997). "Bulimia as a disturbance of narcissism: self-esteem and the capacity to self-soothe".
730:
5099:
4405:
Keel PK, Haedt A (January 2008). "Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for eating problems and eating disorders".
7097:
6334:
6305:
6246:
5117:
Silén, Yasmina; Keski-Rahkonen, Anna (2022). "Worldwide prevalence of DSM-5 eating disorders among young people".
3525:"The Evolution of "Enhanced" Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Eating Disorders: Learning From Treatment Nonresponse"
1761:
Hay P (July 2013). "A systematic review of evidence for psychological treatments in eating disorders: 2005-2012".
6339:
6134:
6059:
3468:"Eating behaviours and attitudes following prolonged exposure to television among ethnic Fijian adolescent girls"
683:
348:
301:
185:
1024:
6992:
6777:
6748:
6009:
668:
284:, breakdown of the teeth, decreased brain matter, and effects on metabolic rate and caloric intake which cause
3638:
Byrne SM, McLean NJ (January 2002). "The cognitive-behavioral model of bulimia nervosa: a direct evaluation".
2854:
Altemus M, Hetherington M, Kennedy B, Licinio J, Gold PW (April 1996). "Thyroid function in bulimia nervosa".
280:, or excessive exercise. Most people with bulimia are at normal weight. The forcing of vomiting may result in
6518:
6236:
6212:
4978:"Eating disorder behaviors are increasing: findings from two sequential community surveys in South Australia"
4839:"Comorbidity of Bulimia Nervosa and Substance Abuse: Etiologies, Treatment Issues, and Treatment Approaches"
7181:
6718:
6251:
6096:
949:
941:
922:
195:
2940:
1356:(1660–1727) were both observed binge eating—giving in, as they believed, to the temptations of the devil.
6426:
6224:
5603:
5598:
5381:
Hay P (May 1998). "The epidemiology of eating disorder behaviors: an Australian community-based survey".
2293:
397:
7239:
2964:"Association of BDNF with anorexia, bulimia and age of onset of weight loss in six European populations"
7176:
6091:
4706:<673::aid-eat2260070511>3.0.co;2-r "The use of hypnotherapy in the treatment of eating disorders"
3507:
883:
769:
753:
receptors. In humans, there is evidence that there is an association between polymorphisms in the ERβ (
3988:
1072:
in groups involved in activities which idealize a slim physique, such as dance, gymnastics, modeling,
7274:
7186:
7155:
6533:
6416:
6002:
741:
701:
Studies have shown a relationship between bulimia's effect on metabolic rate and caloric intake with
344:
4419:
4213:
7234:
7150:
7145:
6842:
6805:
6797:
6615:
6584:
6325:
6310:
5917:
2962:
Ribasés M, Gratacòs M, Fernández-Aranda F, Bellodi L, Boni C, Anderluh M, et al. (June 2004).
934:
657:
211:
4790:
Jacobi, Corinna; Hayward, Chris; de Zwaan, Martina; Kraemer, Helena C.; Agras, W. Stewart (2004).
830:
assert the cycle repeats itself, and thus consider the binge-purge cycle to be self-perpetuating.
293:
7171:
6678:
6528:
6523:
6480:
6297:
3914:"Detection, evaluation, and treatment of eating disorders the role of the primary care physician"
2898:
2593:
1937:
1449:
955:
796:
779:
122:
1734:
1728:
7049:
6688:
6579:
6538:
6513:
6421:
4414:
4320:
Safer DL, Telch CF, Agras WS (April 2001). "Dialectical behavior therapy for bulimia nervosa".
4208:
1013:
762:
624:
168:
136:
5957:
3608:
7244:
6977:
6857:
6764:
6743:
4509:
4492:
3004:
1454:
672:
340:
181:
177:
757:β) and bulimia, suggesting there is a correlation between sex hormones and bulimia nervosa.
7069:
6982:
6738:
6558:
6159:
6139:
4989:
4743:
Bulik, Cynthia M; Sullivan, Patrick F; Carter, Frances A; Joyce, Peter R (September 1996).
4614:"Antidepressants versus psychological treatments and their combination for bulimia nervosa"
3967:
American Psychiatric Association (2000). "Diagnostic criteria for 307.51 Bulimia Nervosa".
807:
321:
113:
Eating a large amount of food in a short amount of time followed by vomiting or the use of
2366:
8:
7119:
7101:
7064:
7054:
6908:
6810:
6787:
6635:
6627:
6406:
6384:
6112:
5895:
5792:
Casper RC (1983). "On the emergence of bulimia nervosa as a syndrome a historical view".
5084:
4838:
4661:
Barabasz M (July 2007). "Efficacy of hypnotherapy in the treatment of eating disorders".
1326:
702:
628:
611:
People with bulimia nervosa may also exercise to a point that excludes other activities.
424:
285:
101:
5540:
4993:
4876:
Ruchkin, Vladislav; Isaksson, Johan; Schwab-Stone, Mary; Stickley, Andrew (2021-10-21).
4854:
3742:
3067:
Broft A, Shingleton R, Kaufman J, Liu F, Kumar D, Slifstein M, et al. (July 2012).
2297:
2168:
537:
These are some of the many signs that may indicate whether someone has bulimia nervosa:
38:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
7284:
6782:
6379:
6231:
5900:
5720:
5434:
5417:
5363:
5180:
5012:
4977:
4953:
4936:
4912:
4877:
4686:
4638:
4613:
4589:
4568:
4476:
4459:
4440:
4382:
4105:
4080:
4061:
3938:
3913:
3793:
3785:
3698:
3572:
Fairburn CG, Beglin SJ (April 1990). "Studies of the epidemiology of bulimia nervosa".
3549:
3524:
3385:
3358:
3335:
3191:
3166:
3142:
3117:
3093:
3068:
2879:
2821:
2778:
2665:
2594:"Prevalence and correlates of DSM-5 eating disorders in patients with bipolar disorder"
2573:
2525:
2500:
2481:
2352:
2015:
1988:
1918:
1875:
1850:
1828:
1689:
1672:
1621:
1596:
1508:
1483:
1357:
1349:
429:
401:
108:
4760:
2899:"Normal Brain Tissue Volumes after Long-Term Recovery in Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa"
2766:
2259:
2242:
1938:"Normal Brain Tissue Volumes after Long-Term Recovery in Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa"
1866:
822:
of the strict and inflexible dietary rules. Moreover, the cognitive distortion due to
772:, increases bulimic urges in currently and formerly bulimic individuals within hours.
7279:
7028:
6553:
6543:
6475:
6401:
6285:
5928:
5839:
5761:
5712:
5579:
5544:
5509:
5474:
5439:
5398:
5355:
5320:
5279:
5215:
5172:
5134:
5058:
5017:
4958:
4917:
4899:
4858:
4819:
4811:
4791:
4772:
4764:
4725:
4678:
4643:
4594:
4549:
4514:
4432:
4374:
4337:
4302:
4267:
4226:
4177:
4140:
4110:
4053:
4019:
3978:
3943:
3929:
3894:
3851:
3828:
3721:
3690:
3655:
3614:
3589:
3554:
3489:
3446:
3423:
3413:
3390:
3339:
3308:
3272:
3237:
3196:
3147:
3116:
Kaye WH, Wierenga CE, Bailer UF, Simmons AN, Wagner A, Bischoff-Grethe A (May 2013).
3098:
3049:
3012:
2985:
2918:
2871:
2867:
2813:
2770:
2735:
2700:
2657:
2613:
2565:
2561:
2548:
Walsh BT, Roose SP, Glassman AH, Gladis M, Sadik C (1985). "Bulimia and depression".
2530:
2473:
2406:
2347:
2324:
2264:
2223:
2188:
2149:
2058:
2020:
1957:
1922:
1880:
1820:
1778:
1738:
1694:
1626:
1513:
1398:
1353:
754:
636:
569:
565:
516:
446:
281:
158:
128:
92:
5994:
5968:
5724:
5695:
Russell G (August 1979). "Bulimia nervosa: an ominous variant of anorexia nervosa".
5367:
5337:
5315:
5298:
5184:
4444:
4386:
4065:
3797:
3702:
3410:
Good reasons for bad feelings: insights from the frontier of evolutionary psychiatry
3045:
3032:
Hirschberg AL (March 2012). "Sex hormones, appetite and eating behaviour in women".
2883:
2825:
2782:
2577:
2469:
6898:
6852:
6820:
6668:
6646:
6611:
6374:
6256:
6207:
6154:
6129:
6124:
6081:
6069:
5831:
5801:
5751:
5704:
5571:
5536:
5501:
5466:
5429:
5390:
5347:
5310:
5269:
5261:
5207:
5164:
5126:
5048:
5007:
4997:
4948:
4937:"Prevalence of eating disorders: a comparison of Western and non-Western countries"
4907:
4889:
4850:
4803:
4756:
4744:
4717:
4690:
4670:
4633:
4625:
4584:
4576:
4541:
4504:
4471:
4424:
4364:
4329:
4294:
4257:
4218:
4169:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4045:
3933:
3925:
3886:
3820:
3777:
3682:
3647:
3581:
3544:
3536:
3479:
3380:
3370:
3331:
3326:
Abed RT (December 1998). "The sexual competition hypothesis for eating disorders".
3300:
3264:
3227:
3186:
3178:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3088:
3080:
3041:
2975:
2914:
2910:
2863:
2805:
2762:
2727:
2692:
2669:
2649:
2605:
2557:
2520:
2512:
2465:
2438:
2254:
2215:
2180:
2141:
2050:
2010:
2000:
1953:
1949:
1910:
1870:
1862:
1832:
1812:
1770:
1684:
1616:
1608:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1345:
982:
which is FDA approved, for the treatment of bulimia, other antidepressants such as
896:
749:
receptors have decreased fertility due to ovarian dysfunction and dysregulation of
737:
722:
694:
640:
578:
Frequent occurrences involving the consumption of abnormally large portions of food
336:
305:
253:
7027:
4705:
4036:
Hoste RR, Labuschagne Z, Le Grange D (August 2012). "Adolescent bulimia nervosa".
2485:
806:
When attempting to decipher the origin of bulimia nervosa in a cognitive context,
7074:
7032:
6890:
6837:
6832:
6815:
6695:
6490:
6462:
6263:
6086:
6025:
5922:
5351:
5130:
5002:
4298:
4133:
3824:
2696:
2083:
1816:
1444:
1348:(as a result of a life of asceticism) may also have displayed bulimic behaviors.
1081:
1069:
926:
783:
573:
436:
367:
289:
245:
7124:
4173:
3540:
2639:
7059:
7000:
6924:
6733:
6700:
6683:
6673:
5297:
Vilela JE, Lamounier JA, Dellaretti Filho MA, Barros Neto JR, Horta GM (2004).
4894:
4807:
4333:
4222:
2809:
1414:
1378:
1077:
644:
467:
405:
381:
5982:
5971:
5933:
5885:
5708:
5168:
5053:
5036:
5035:
van Son GE, van Hoeken D, Bartelds AI, van Furth EF, Hoek HW (December 2006).
4674:
4629:
4580:
4531:
4428:
4049:
3427:
3232:
3215:
2653:
2609:
2054:
2005:
1914:
1612:
1329:
around 370 B.C, in which Greek soldiers purged themselves in the mountains of
394:
due to renal potassium loss in the presence of alkalosis and frequent vomiting
7268:
7093:
7044:
6362:
4903:
4862:
4815:
4768:
4729:
4262:
4245:
3375:
3216:"Symptomatic relapse in bulimia nervosa following acute tryptophan depletion"
1597:"Epidemiology of eating disorders: incidence, prevalence and mortality rates"
1341:
both were gluttonous and obese, and they often resorted to habitual purging.
1293:
620:
502:
473:
277:
5835:
5575:
3781:
3357:
Nettersheim J, Gerlach G, Herpertz S, Abed R, Figueredo AJ, BrĂĽne M (2018).
3268:
2312:
2184:
6947:
6728:
6280:
5765:
5505:
5471:
10.1002/1098-108X(199511)18:3<263::AID-EAT2260180308>3.0.CO;2-O
5359:
5324:
5283:
5235:"Study Reveals Stunning Prevalence of Bulimia Among African-American Girls"
5219:
5176:
5138:
5062:
5021:
4962:
4921:
4823:
4682:
4647:
4598:
4553:
4518:
4436:
4378:
4341:
4306:
4271:
4230:
4181:
4114:
4057:
3947:
3898:
3832:
3673:
Waller G (July 1992). "Sexual abuse and the severity of bulimic symptoms".
3659:
3558:
3493:
3394:
3312:
3241:
3200:
3151:
3102:
3053:
2989:
2922:
2817:
2704:
2661:
2617:
2534:
2477:
2219:
2192:
2153:
2062:
2024:
1961:
1884:
1824:
1782:
1733:(Fifth ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp.
1698:
1630:
1517:
1073:
996:
682:
notes that a "substantial rate of patients with bulimia nervosa" also have
548:
530:
492:
479:
460:
415:
249:
84:
5868:
5843:
5756:
5739:
5583:
5548:
5513:
5478:
5443:
5402:
5296:
4776:
4722:
10.1002/1098-108x(198809)7:5<673::aid-eat2260070511>3.0.co;2-r
3694:
3593:
3585:
3484:
3467:
3343:
3276:
3167:"Diet Versus Exercise in Weight Loss and Maintenance: Focus on Tryptophan"
2875:
2774:
2739:
2569:
2328:
2268:
2227:
729:, have been shown to be responsible for some disordered eating behaviors.
6932:
6663:
6394:
6144:
5952:
5716:
4196:
3686:
3445:(4th Canadian ed.). Toronto: Pearson Education Canada. p. 415.
2980:
2963:
2145:
1389:
833:
In contrast, Byrne and Mclean's findings differed slightly from Fairburn
520:
507:
497:
488:
456:
411:
391:
387:
324:, cultural pressure to attain a certain body type, poor self-esteem, and
5806:
10.1002/1098-108X(198321)2:3<3::AID-EAT2260020302>3.0.CO;2-D
5395:
10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(199805)23:4<371::AID-EAT4>3.0.CO;2-F
3789:
3182:
2732:
10.1002/(sici)1098-108x(199709)22:2<173::aid-eat9>3.0.co;2-c
7249:
6942:
6847:
6548:
6273:
6268:
6064:
5977:
2442:
1394:
1330:
983:
975:
875:
664:
590:
440:
339:
takes precedence over that of bulimia. Other similar disorders include
202:
97:
5265:
5211:
4369:
4356:
3890:
3651:
3084:
2961:
1774:
882:
Adolescents with bulimia nervosa are more likely to have self-imposed
7202:
7134:
6952:
6411:
6149:
6074:
5963:
5274:
4976:
Hay PJ, Mond J, Buttner P, Darby A (February 2008). Murthy RS (ed.).
4545:
3974:
3304:
1974:
biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com/article/0006-3223(93)90168-D/fulltext
1338:
823:
726:
582:
419:
313:
308:, and problems with drugs or alcohol. There is also a higher risk of
273:
262:
218:
114:
3466:
Becker AE, Burwell RA, Gilman SE, Herzog DB, Hamburg P (June 2002).
2717:
2516:
663:
Research has shown that there is a relationship between bulimia and
332:, and having parental figures who fixate on weight are also risks.
75:
6937:
6607:
6574:
6500:
4875:
1482:
Bulik CM, Marcus MD, Zerwas S, Levine MD, La Via M (October 2012).
1334:
1164:
1104:
750:
746:
586:
553:
483:
439:, in which repetitive insertion of fingers or other objects causes
269:
258:
173:
150:
5034:
4464:
Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
4244:
Trunko ME, Rockwell RE, Curry E, Runfola C, Kaye WH (March 2007).
3254:
453:
on knuckles and back of hands due to repeated trauma from incisors
3876:
3002:
2853:
1802:
1419:
841:
cycle in that purging comes before bingeing. Similarly, Fairburn
601:
524:
329:
325:
309:
297:
140:
132:
87:) from the inside of the upper front teeth as a result of bulimia
5911:
4569:"Antidepressants versus placebo for people with bulimia nervosa"
3966:
3289:
1726:
359:
6655:
6470:
5880:
4663:
The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
3003:
Wonderlich S, Mitchell JE, de Zwaan M, Steiger H, eds. (2018).
2132:
Mehler PS (August 2003). "Clinical practice. Bulimia nervosa".
1364:
1344:
Historical records also suggest that some saints who developed
1122:
647:, which are linked to both interoception and emotional eating.
450:
3356:
7092:
6433:
5561:
2835:"Vulnerable narcissists more susceptible to eating disorders"
2795:
1296:
4789:
4704:
Vanderlinden, Johan; Vandereycken, Walter (September 1988).
2206:
Joseph AB, Herr B (May 1985). "Finger calluses in bulimia".
1903:
Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy
1312:, "hunger". Literally, the scientific name of the disorder,
6606:
5251:
4493:"Family-based therapy for adolescents with bulimia nervosa"
4079:
Hay PP, Bacaltchuk J, Stefano S, Kashyap P (October 2009).
4078:
3613:. Belmont CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. pp. 236–8.
3069:"Striatal dopamine in bulimia nervosa: a PET imaging study"
2937:"Biological Causes of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa"
1028:
Deaths due to eating disorders per million persons in 2012
800:
562:
Regular trips to the bathroom, especially soon after eating
5821:
4745:"Lifetime anxiety disorders in women with bulimia nervosa"
4460:"Treating Bulimia in Adolescents: A Family-Based Approach"
4243:
4081:"Psychological treatments for bulimia nervosa and binging"
3440:
2682:
2403:
Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing: The Craft of Caring
1986:
1982:
1980:
689:
A study by the Psychopharmacology Research Program of the
4035:
3465:
3115:
3066:
1993:
Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation
680:
Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation
5491:
5197:
4742:
4703:
4284:
2590:
2547:
2040:
1388:
In 1930, admissions of anorexia nervosa patients to the
995:
Some researchers have also claimed positive outcomes in
895:
Bulimia nervosa can be difficult to detect, compared to
328:. Living in a culture that commercializes or glamorizes
6879:
4934:
4194:
2428:
1977:
1900:
1481:
782:
as an emerging scientific discipline has been studying
733:(BDNF) is under investigation as a possible mechanism.
5526:
4611:
4159:
2896:
1935:
974:(SSRI) class may have a modest benefit. This includes
544:
A fixation on an extreme consciousness of one's weight
6024:
3970:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
3850:. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
2789:
2036:
2034:
1730:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
1404:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
902:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
5858:
5456:
5037:"Urbanisation and the incidence of eating disorders"
4935:
Makino M, Tsuboi K, Dennerstein L (September 2004).
3761:
3610:
Abnormal Psychology and Life: A Dimensional Approach
268:
Other efforts to lose weight may include the use of
5628:Giannini, A. J. (1993). "A history of bulimia". In
5116:
4975:
4407:
Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
3441:Carlson NR, Buskist W, Heth CD, Schmaltz R (2010).
1848:
1594:
6042:
5416:Pemberton AR, Vernon SW, Lee ES (September 1996).
5415:
4490:
4132:
3213:
2031:
1896:
1894:
432:, a rupture in the esophageal wall due to vomiting
4130:
3214:Smith KA, Fairburn CG, Cowen PJ (February 1999).
2166:
7266:
6451:
5670:
5668:
5666:
5664:
5662:
5660:
5658:
5154:
3911:
1080:. Bulimia is thought to be more prevalent among
1076:, running, acting, swimming, diving, rowing and
5817:
5815:
5787:
5785:
5783:
5781:
5779:
5777:
5775:
5690:
5688:
5686:
5684:
5656:
5654:
5652:
5650:
5648:
5646:
5644:
5642:
5640:
5638:
5301:[Eating disorders in school children].
5299:"[Eating disorders in school children]"
4319:
3810:
3009:Annual Review of Eating Disorders – part 2
1891:
1595:Smink FR, van Hoeken D, Hoek HW (August 2012).
1484:"The changing "weightscape" of bulimia nervosa"
7224:
5596:
5157:Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
4457:
3715:
3571:
3522:
2498:
2455:
671:, eating disorders are more susceptible among
288:. Bulimia is frequently associated with other
6010:
5459:The International Journal of Eating Disorders
5383:The International Journal of Eating Disorders
5254:The International Journal of Eating Disorders
5200:The International Journal of Eating Disorders
4837:Carbaugh, Rebecca; Sias, Shari (2010-04-01).
4566:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4361:The International Journal of Eating Disorders
4354:
4201:Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
4126:
4124:
3879:The International Journal of Eating Disorders
3767:
3640:The International Journal of Eating Disorders
3164:
3073:The International Journal of Eating Disorders
2752:
2373:. The National Eating Disorders Association.
2313:"Assessment and treatment of bulimia nervosa"
2310:
1763:The International Journal of Eating Disorders
541:A fixation on the number of calories consumed
470:(for example, in the neck, under the jawline)
5812:
5772:
5681:
5635:
5622:
4836:
4560:
4357:"Family-based treatment of eating disorders"
3912:Walsh JM, Wheat ME, Freund K (August 2000).
3350:
3171:International Journal of Tryptophan Research
2676:
1844:
1842:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
691:University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
376:several times a day and may directly cause:
4618:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
4085:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3770:Current Directions in Psychological Science
3637:
3319:
2847:
2746:
2711:
2396:
2394:
2392:
1670:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1316:, translates to "nervous ravenous hunger".
6914:Other specified feeding or eating disorder
6181:
6017:
6003:
5150:
5148:
4393:
4195:Wilson GT, Loeb KL, Walsh BT, Labouvie E,
4121:
3031:
2492:
2424:
2422:
2240:
2205:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1477:
1475:
1319:
74:
5794:International Journal of Eating Disorders
5755:
5433:
5314:
5273:
5052:
5011:
5001:
4952:
4911:
4893:
4710:International Journal of Eating Disorders
4637:
4612:Bacaltchuk J, Hay P, Trefiglio R (2001).
4588:
4508:
4475:
4418:
4404:
4368:
4261:
4212:
4104:
3960:
3937:
3548:
3483:
3384:
3374:
3231:
3190:
3141:
3092:
2979:
2524:
2431:Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice
2258:
2014:
2004:
1874:
1839:
1756:
1754:
1727:American Psychiatric Association (2013).
1688:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1620:
1507:
598:Unhealthy/dry skin, hair, nails, and lips
223:Half recover over 10 years with treatment
7177:Disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia
6773:Depersonalization-derealization disorder
4660:
4510:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2003.57.2.237
4018:(6 ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. p. 345.
3709:
3011:. Radcliffe Publishing. pp. 14–15.
2501:"Interoceptive predictions in the brain"
2389:
2304:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1524:
1304:, "ravenous hunger", a compound of βοῦς
1186:
1023:
795:15- to 18-year-old high school girls in
366:
358:
5694:
5145:
4458:Nadeau PO, Leichner P (February 2009).
2449:
2419:
1472:
990:
972:selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
512:Constant weight fluctuations are common
208:Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
7267:
5791:
5737:
5599:"Online Etymology Dictionary: bulimia"
5097:
4928:
3845:
3804:
3749:from the original on February 11, 2011
3672:
2458:Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
2400:
2377:from the original on December 10, 2014
2280:
2278:
2131:
1751:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1637:
931:selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
925:is the primary treatment for bulimia.
7223:
7091:
7026:
6878:
6605:
6450:
6360:
6180:
6041:
5998:
4491:Le Grange D, Lock J, Dymek M (2003).
4363:. 37 Suppl: S64–7, discussion S87–9.
4131:Gelder MG, Mayou R, Geddes J (2005).
3606:
3407:
2167:Mehler PS, Crews C, Weiner K (2004).
1789:
1581:
1147:2,509 female adolescents (ages 13–22)
559:An irregular menstrual cycle in women
354:
6361:
3918:Journal of General Internal Medicine
3443:Psychology: the science of behaviour
3325:
2839:ANU College of Health & Medicine
2499:Barrett LF, Simmons WK (July 2015).
1440:Anorectic Behavior Observation Scale
650:
619:People with bulimia exhibit several
443:to the lining of the mouth or throat
18:
6880:Physiological and physical behavior
5541:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1995.90797110.x
5380:
5232:
4855:10.17744/mehc.32.2.j72865m4159p1420
4843:Journal of Mental Health Counseling
3005:"Psychobiology of eating disorders"
2351:. February 23, 2001. Archived from
2311:Mcgilley BM, Pryor TL (June 1998).
2275:
2241:Wynn DR, Martin MJ (October 1984).
2134:The New England Journal of Medicine
1760:
1705:
1460:List of people with bulimia nervosa
384:after eating, secondary to vomiting
13:
6826:Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
6220:Emotional and behavioral disorders
5824:The American Journal of Psychiatry
5564:The American Journal of Psychiatry
5494:The American Journal of Psychiatry
5435:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008950
5106:from the original on May 24, 2012.
4322:The American Journal of Psychiatry
4287:The American Journal of Psychiatry
4162:The American Journal of Psychiatry
3848:Manual of Psychiatric Therapeutics
3574:The American Journal of Psychiatry
3336:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1998.tb01007.x
3257:The American Journal of Psychiatry
2208:The American Journal of Psychiatry
1569:from the original on June 19, 2015
1488:The American Journal of Psychiatry
14:
7296:
7006:Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
5854:
5744:The British Journal of Psychiatry
5100:"Black Girls At Risk for Bulimia"
5041:The British Journal of Psychiatry
4497:American Journal of Psychotherapy
3740:
3675:The British Journal of Psychiatry
3529:Cognitive and Behavioral Practice
3472:The British Journal of Psychiatry
1805:Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
1671:Hay PJ, Claudino AM (July 2010).
731:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
163:Based on person's medical history
6306:X-linked intellectual disability
5731:
5597:Douglas Harper (November 2001).
5590:
5555:
5520:
5485:
5450:
5422:American Journal of Epidemiology
5409:
5374:
5331:
5290:
5245:
5226:
4534:European Eating Disorders Review
3930:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.02439.x
3627:from the original on 2016-02-07.
3293:European Eating Disorders Review
2562:10.1097/00006842-198503000-00003
2169:"Bulimia: medical complications"
2077:The Center for Special Dentistry
1406:at the time of their treatment.
917:
614:
595:Compulsive or excessive exercise
23:
6135:Intermittent explosive disorder
6060:Ego-dystonic sexual orientation
5632:(pp. 18–21). Springer New York.
5611:from the original on 2008-06-17
5316:10.1590/S0021-75572004000100010
5191:
5110:
5091:
5069:
5028:
4969:
4869:
4830:
4783:
4736:
4697:
4654:
4605:
4525:
4484:
4451:
4348:
4313:
4278:
4246:"Management of bulimia nervosa"
4237:
4188:
4153:
4072:
4029:
4008:
4002:
3954:
3905:
3870:
3864:
3839:
3734:
3666:
3631:
3600:
3565:
3516:
3500:
3459:
3434:
3401:
3283:
3248:
3207:
3158:
3109:
3060:
3046:10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.12.016
3025:
2996:
2955:
2929:
2890:
2633:
2624:
2584:
2541:
2470:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.03.017
2359:
2335:
2234:
2199:
2160:
2125:
2089:
2069:
1968:
1929:
1371:
1019:
1006:
684:borderline personality disorder
349:borderline personality disorder
302:borderline personality disorder
186:borderline personality disorder
6778:Dissociative identity disorder
6043:Adult personality and behavior
5740:"Bulimia nervosa: 25 years on"
5676:The history of bulimia nervosa
4097:10.1002/14651858.CD000562.pub3
4014:Nolan-Hoeksema, Susan (2014).
3523:Cooper Z, Fairburn CG (2013).
3506:Nolen-Hoeksema, Susan (2014).
3220:Archives of General Psychiatry
3134:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.01.002
2915:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.06.014
2598:Journal of Affective Disorders
1954:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.06.014
1500:10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12010147
1418:nervosa first appeared in the
669:Australian National University
667:. According to a study by the
282:thickened skin on the knuckles
257:consumed. This may be done by
1:
5119:Current Opinion in Psychiatry
4761:10.1016/s0010-440x(96)90019-x
2767:10.1016/s0306-4603(97)00009-9
2343:"Symptoms Of Bulimia Nervosa"
2260:10.1016/s0025-6196(12)62063-1
1867:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6
1465:
965:
716:
476:, or delayed gastric emptying
7182:Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia
6719:Generalized anxiety disorder
6452:Neurological and symptomatic
6097:Sexual relationship disorder
5352:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2004.07.008
5131:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000818
5003:10.1371/journal.pone.0001541
4567:Bacaltchuk J, Hay P (2003).
4355:Lock J, le Grange D (2005).
4299:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.12.2322
3825:10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.08.004
3720:. McGraw Hill. p. 338.
3165:Strasser B, Fuchs D (2016).
2868:10.1016/0306-4530(96)00002-9
2697:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2010.10.001
2505:Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
2243:"A physical sign of bulimia"
1817:10.1517/14656566.2012.721781
1559:"Bulimia nervosa fact sheet"
1350:Saint Mary Magdalen de Pazzi
1283:
950:dialectical behavior therapy
942:Cognitive behavioral therapy
923:Cognitive behavioral therapy
909:
868:
363:How bulimia affects the body
196:Cognitive behavioral therapy
7:
6958:REM sleep behavior disorder
6427:Seasonal affective disorder
6225:Separation anxiety disorder
5604:Online Etymology Dictionary
5098:Grohol J (March 19, 2009).
4882:Journal of Eating Disorders
4174:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.8.1302
4139:. Oxford University Press.
3541:10.1016/j.cbpra.2010.07.007
2294:American Dental Association
1433:
1215:19,067 psychiatric patients
890:
10:
7301:
7225:Symptoms and uncategorized
6326:developmental disabilities
6092:Sexual maturation disorder
5738:Palmer R (December 2004).
4895:10.1186/s40337-021-00479-5
4808:10.1037/0033-2909.130.1.19
4573:Cochrane Database Syst Rev
4334:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.4.632
4223:10.1037/0022-006X.67.4.451
4038:Current Psychiatry Reports
3412:. Penguin Books, Limited.
3330:. 71 ( Pt 4) (4): 525–47.
2810:10.1007/s40519-019-00647-2
2082:February 11, 2015, at the
1601:Current Psychiatry Reports
1297:
1278:
1249:2,597 high school students
1184:4,200 high school students
1130:1,807 students (ages 7–19)
1112:2,028 high school students
1068:There are higher rates of
770:acute tryptophan depletion
693:"leaves little doubt that
7230:
7219:
7195:
7187:Simple-type schizophrenia
7164:
7156:Schizophreniform disorder
7133:
7112:
7108:
7087:
7040:
7022:
6991:
6968:
6922:
6889:
6885:
6874:
6796:
6763:
6711:
6654:
6645:
6626:
6622:
6601:
6567:
6534:Mild cognitive impairment
6519:Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
6499:
6461:
6457:
6446:
6417:Major depressive disorder
6370:
6356:
6322:Psychological development
6321:
6296:
6193:
6189:
6176:
6105:
6052:
6048:
6037:
5943:
5862:
5709:10.1017/S0033291700031974
5169:10.1007/s00127-004-0783-z
5054:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.021378
4675:10.1080/00207140701338688
4630:10.1002/14651858.CD003385
4581:10.1002/14651858.CD003391
4429:10.1080/15374410701817832
4050:10.1007/s11920-012-0280-0
3716:Nolen-Hoeksema S (2013).
3233:10.1001/archpsyc.56.2.171
2654:10.1007/s11892-017-0949-1
2610:10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.010
2405:. Great Britain: Arnold.
2317:American Family Physician
2173:Journal of Women's Health
2106:: 1. 2005. Archived from
2055:10.1016/j.jad.2004.11.008
2006:10.1186/s40479-018-0098-4
1915:10.1007/s10942-011-0135-3
1613:10.1007/s11920-012-0282-y
1397:, a patient described by
1098:
789:
742:polycystic ovary syndrome
711:
639:, anterior and posterior
227:
217:
201:
191:
167:
157:
153:and environmental factors
146:
121:
107:
91:
82:
73:
65:
60:
32:This article needs to be
7235:Impulse-control disorder
7151:Schizoaffective disorder
7146:Brief reactive psychosis
6843:Mass psychogenic illness
6806:Body dysmorphic disorder
6585:Post-concussion syndrome
6195:Emotional and behavioral
4749:Comprehensive Psychiatry
4263:10.2217/17455057.3.2.255
3376:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02122
2968:Human Molecular Genetics
2856:Psychoneuroendocrinology
2642:Current Diabetes Reports
1563:Office on Women's Health
1358:Saint Catherine of Siena
935:tricyclic antidepressant
658:diabetes mellitus type 2
533:may occur after vomiting
212:tricyclic antidepressant
127:Breakdown of the teeth,
7172:Childhood schizophrenia
6524:Frontotemporal dementia
6481:High-functioning autism
6298:Intellectual disability
5836:10.1176/ajp.148.12.1627
5576:10.1176/ajp.152.11.1623
3782:10.1111/1467-8721.00144
3269:10.1176/ajp.152.11.1668
2247:Mayo Clinic Proceedings
2185:10.1089/jwh.2004.13.668
1450:Evolutionary psychiatry
1354:Saint Veronica Giuliani
1320:Before the 20th century
970:Antidepressants of the
956:Maudsley family therapy
780:evolutionary psychiatry
763:substance use disorders
547:Low self-esteem and/or
240:, also known simply as
137:substance use disorders
16:Type of eating disorder
6689:Specific social phobia
6580:Organic brain syndrome
6422:Melancholic depression
6183:Childhood and learning
5697:Psychological Medicine
5506:10.1176/ajp.152.7.1052
4796:Psychological Bulletin
3607:Trull T (2010-10-08).
2550:Psychosomatic Medicine
2290:Oral Health Topics A–Z
2220:10.1176/ajp.142.5.655a
1198:1,152 college students
1061:
1014:substance use disorder
673:vulnerable narcissists
402:abnormal heart rhythms
372:
364:
169:Differential diagnosis
7245:Psychomotor agitation
7035:and substance-related
6978:Postpartum depression
6858:Somatization disorder
6744:Acute stress reaction
6509:AIDS dementia complex
5757:10.1192/bjp.185.6.447
5241:on February 10, 2012.
5081:finddoctorsonline.com
3973:(4th, text revision (
3718:(Ab)normal Psychology
3586:10.1176/ajp.147.4.401
3485:10.1192/bjp.180.6.509
3122:Biological Psychiatry
2903:Biological Psychiatry
2355:on February 21, 2016.
1942:Biological Psychiatry
1677:BMJ Clinical Evidence
1455:Binge eating disorder
1232:8,116 (random sample)
1096:Sample size and type
1027:
980:also known as prozac,
398:Electrolyte imbalance
370:
362:
345:Kleine–Levin syndrome
341:binge eating disorder
182:Kleine-Levin syndrome
178:binge eating disorder
117:, often normal weight
7240:Klüver–Bucy syndrome
7070:Substance dependence
6983:Postpartum psychosis
6529:Huntington's disease
6311:Lujan–Fryns syndrome
6160:Personality disorder
5674:Russell, G. (1997).
5630:The Eating disorders
3687:10.1192/bjp.161.1.90
2300:on February 3, 2009.
2146:10.1056/NEJMcp022813
1861:(10053): 1545–1602.
1266:799 college students
991:Alternative medicine
808:Christopher Fairburn
678:The medical journal
322:psychological stress
7120:Delusional disorder
7065:Stimulant psychosis
7055:Physical dependence
6909:Rumination syndrome
6811:Conversion disorder
6788:Psychogenic amnesia
6638:with depressed mood
6636:Adjustment disorder
6539:Parkinson's disease
6514:Alzheimer's disease
6407:Atypical depression
6243:Social functioning
6118:Munchausen syndrome
6113:Factitious disorder
5340:European Psychiatry
5303:Jornal de Pediatria
4994:2008PLoSO...3.1541H
4016:Abnormal Psychology
3511:Abnormal Psychology
3183:10.4137/IJTR.S33385
1327:Xenophon's Anabasis
703:thyroid dysfunction
425:Mallory-Weiss tears
286:thyroid dysfunction
102:clinical psychology
7139:schizophrenia-like
6783:Dissociative fugue
6232:Movement disorders
5944:External resources
3846:Shader RI (2004).
2981:10.1093/hmg/ddh137
2443:10.1111/cpsp.12103
2286:"Eating Disorders"
1308:, "ox" and λιμός,
1062:
430:Boerhaave syndrome
373:
365:
355:Signs and symptoms
231:3.6 million (2015)
7262:
7261:
7258:
7257:
7215:
7214:
7211:
7210:
7083:
7082:
7018:
7017:
7014:
7013:
6870:
6869:
6866:
6865:
6759:
6758:
6597:
6596:
6593:
6592:
6554:Vascular dementia
6476:Asperger syndrome
6442:
6441:
6352:
6351:
6348:
6347:
6286:Tourette syndrome
6172:
6171:
6168:
6167:
5992:
5991:
5305:(in Portuguese).
5266:10.1002/eat.20358
5212:10.1002/eat.20341
4370:10.1002/eat.20122
4146:978-0-19-852863-0
4024:978-0-07-803538-8
3984:978-0-89042-025-6
3891:10.1002/eat.20393
3857:978-0-7817-4459-1
3745:. PubMed Health.
3652:10.1002/eat.10002
3620:978-1-111-34376-7
3508:"Bulimia Nervosa"
3452:978-0-205-70286-2
3419:978-0-14-198491-9
3408:Nesse RM (2020).
3085:10.1002/eat.20984
3018:978-1-84619-244-9
2798:Eat Weight Disord
2401:Barker P (2003).
2367:"Bulimia Nervosa"
2348:Illawarra Mercury
2113:on March 19, 2015
2097:"Bulimia Nervosa"
1775:10.1002/eat.22103
1744:978-0-89042-555-8
1673:"Bulimia nervosa"
1565:. July 16, 2012.
1399:Ludwig Binswanger
1276:
1275:
778:In recent years,
755:estrogen receptor
651:Related disorders
637:prefrontal cortex
570:anxiety disorders
248:characterized by
235:
234:
159:Diagnostic method
55:Medical condition
53:
52:
7292:
7275:Eating disorders
7221:
7220:
7110:
7109:
7089:
7088:
7024:
7023:
6899:Anorexia nervosa
6887:
6886:
6876:
6875:
6853:Psychogenic pain
6821:Globus pharyngis
6669:Childhood phobia
6652:
6651:
6624:
6623:
6603:
6602:
6459:
6458:
6448:
6447:
6358:
6357:
6257:Selective mutism
6208:Conduct disorder
6191:
6190:
6178:
6177:
6155:Trichotillomania
6130:Gender dysphoria
6125:Fear of intimacy
6082:Sexual anhedonia
6050:
6049:
6039:
6038:
6026:Mental disorders
6019:
6012:
6005:
5996:
5995:
5860:
5859:
5848:
5847:
5819:
5810:
5809:
5789:
5770:
5769:
5759:
5735:
5729:
5728:
5692:
5679:
5672:
5633:
5626:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5616:
5594:
5588:
5587:
5559:
5553:
5552:
5524:
5518:
5517:
5489:
5483:
5482:
5454:
5448:
5447:
5437:
5413:
5407:
5406:
5378:
5372:
5371:
5335:
5329:
5328:
5318:
5294:
5288:
5287:
5277:
5249:
5243:
5242:
5237:. Archived from
5230:
5224:
5223:
5195:
5189:
5188:
5152:
5143:
5142:
5114:
5108:
5107:
5095:
5089:
5088:
5083:. Archived from
5073:
5067:
5066:
5056:
5032:
5026:
5025:
5015:
5005:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4956:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4915:
4897:
4873:
4867:
4866:
4834:
4828:
4827:
4787:
4781:
4780:
4740:
4734:
4733:
4701:
4695:
4694:
4658:
4652:
4651:
4641:
4609:
4603:
4602:
4592:
4564:
4558:
4557:
4546:10.1002/erv.1045
4529:
4523:
4522:
4512:
4488:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4422:
4402:
4391:
4390:
4372:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4317:
4311:
4310:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4265:
4241:
4235:
4234:
4216:
4192:
4186:
4185:
4157:
4151:
4150:
4138:
4128:
4119:
4118:
4108:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4033:
4027:
4012:
4006:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3987:. Archived from
3964:
3958:
3952:
3951:
3941:
3909:
3903:
3902:
3874:
3868:
3862:
3861:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3808:
3802:
3801:
3765:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3738:
3732:
3731:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3604:
3598:
3597:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3552:
3520:
3514:
3504:
3498:
3497:
3487:
3463:
3457:
3456:
3438:
3432:
3431:
3405:
3399:
3398:
3388:
3378:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3328:Br J Med Psychol
3323:
3317:
3316:
3305:10.1002/erv.2303
3287:
3281:
3280:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3235:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3194:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3145:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3096:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3029:
3023:
3022:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2983:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2939:. Archived from
2933:
2927:
2926:
2894:
2888:
2887:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2832:Lay summary in:
2829:
2804:(6): 1071–1077.
2793:
2787:
2786:
2750:
2744:
2743:
2720:Int J Eat Disord
2715:
2709:
2708:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2528:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2426:
2417:
2416:
2398:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2296:. Archived from
2282:
2273:
2272:
2262:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2112:
2104:Let's Talk Facts
2101:
2093:
2087:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2038:
2029:
2028:
2018:
2008:
1984:
1975:
1972:
1966:
1965:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1898:
1889:
1888:
1878:
1846:
1837:
1836:
1800:
1787:
1786:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1724:
1703:
1702:
1692:
1668:
1635:
1634:
1624:
1592:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1555:
1522:
1521:
1511:
1479:
1352:(1566–1607) and
1300:
1299:
1087:
1086:
1070:eating disorders
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
897:anorexia nervosa
847:
839:
815:
784:mental disorders
738:hyperandrogenism
723:anorexia nervosa
527:levels may occur
408:, and even death
337:anorexia nervosa
306:bipolar disorder
290:mental disorders
83:Loss of enamel (
78:
58:
57:
48:
45:
39:
27:
26:
19:
7300:
7299:
7295:
7294:
7293:
7291:
7290:
7289:
7265:
7264:
7263:
7254:
7226:
7207:
7191:
7160:
7138:
7129:
7104:
7079:
7036:
7033:substance abuse
7010:
6987:
6964:
6918:
6904:Bulimia nervosa
6881:
6862:
6838:Hypochondriasis
6833:False pregnancy
6816:Ganser syndrome
6798:Somatic symptom
6792:
6755:
6707:
6696:Specific phobia
6641:
6618:
6589:
6563:
6495:
6491:Savant syndrome
6463:Autism spectrum
6453:
6438:
6366:
6344:
6323:
6317:
6292:
6185:
6164:
6140:Dermatillomania
6101:
6087:Sexual anorexia
6044:
6033:
6023:
5993:
5988:
5987:
5983:Bulimia nervosa
5939:
5938:
5871:
5857:
5852:
5851:
5830:(12): 1627–37.
5820:
5813:
5790:
5773:
5736:
5732:
5693:
5682:
5673:
5636:
5627:
5623:
5614:
5612:
5595:
5591:
5560:
5556:
5525:
5521:
5490:
5486:
5455:
5451:
5414:
5410:
5379:
5375:
5336:
5332:
5295:
5291:
5250:
5246:
5231:
5227:
5196:
5192:
5153:
5146:
5115:
5111:
5096:
5092:
5075:
5074:
5070:
5033:
5029:
4974:
4970:
4933:
4929:
4874:
4870:
4835:
4831:
4788:
4784:
4741:
4737:
4702:
4698:
4659:
4655:
4624:(4): CD003385.
4610:
4606:
4575:(4): CD003391.
4565:
4561:
4530:
4526:
4489:
4485:
4456:
4452:
4420:10.1.1.822.6191
4403:
4394:
4353:
4349:
4318:
4314:
4283:
4279:
4242:
4238:
4214:10.1.1.583.7568
4193:
4189:
4158:
4154:
4147:
4129:
4122:
4091:(4): CD000562.
4077:
4073:
4034:
4030:
4013:
4009:
4003:
3994:
3992:
3985:
3965:
3961:
3955:
3910:
3906:
3875:
3871:
3865:
3858:
3844:
3840:
3809:
3805:
3766:
3762:
3752:
3750:
3739:
3735:
3728:
3714:
3710:
3671:
3667:
3636:
3632:
3621:
3605:
3601:
3570:
3566:
3521:
3517:
3505:
3501:
3464:
3460:
3453:
3439:
3435:
3420:
3406:
3402:
3355:
3351:
3324:
3320:
3288:
3284:
3263:(11): 1668–71.
3253:
3249:
3212:
3208:
3163:
3159:
3114:
3110:
3065:
3061:
3030:
3026:
3019:
3001:
2997:
2974:(12): 1205–12.
2960:
2956:
2946:
2944:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2895:
2891:
2852:
2848:
2833:
2794:
2790:
2751:
2747:
2716:
2712:
2681:
2677:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2589:
2585:
2546:
2542:
2517:10.1038/nrn3950
2497:
2493:
2454:
2450:
2427:
2420:
2413:
2399:
2390:
2380:
2378:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2323:(11): 2743–50.
2309:
2305:
2284:
2283:
2276:
2239:
2235:
2214:(5): 655a–655.
2204:
2200:
2165:
2161:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2084:Wayback Machine
2074:
2070:
2049:(2–3): 107–27.
2043:J Affect Disord
2039:
2032:
1985:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1934:
1930:
1899:
1892:
1847:
1840:
1811:(14): 2015–26.
1801:
1790:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1725:
1706:
1669:
1638:
1593:
1582:
1572:
1570:
1557:
1556:
1525:
1480:
1473:
1468:
1445:Eating recovery
1436:
1374:
1322:
1314:bulimia nervosa
1286:
1281:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1022:
1009:
993:
968:
927:Antidepressants
920:
912:
893:
871:
845:
837:
813:
792:
719:
714:
653:
645:insula cortices
643:, and anterior
617:
604:, or exhaustion
574:sleep disorders
468:salivary glands
463:of tooth enamel
357:
246:eating disorder
238:Bulimia nervosa
61:Bulimia nervosa
56:
49:
43:
40:
37:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7298:
7288:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7260:
7259:
7256:
7255:
7253:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7231:
7228:
7227:
7217:
7216:
7213:
7212:
7209:
7208:
7206:
7205:
7199:
7197:
7193:
7192:
7190:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7168:
7166:
7162:
7161:
7159:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7142:
7140:
7131:
7130:
7128:
7127:
7122:
7116:
7114:
7106:
7105:
7085:
7084:
7081:
7080:
7078:
7077:
7072:
7067:
7062:
7060:Rebound effect
7057:
7052:
7047:
7041:
7038:
7037:
7020:
7019:
7016:
7015:
7012:
7011:
7009:
7008:
7003:
7001:Hypersexuality
6997:
6995:
6989:
6988:
6986:
6985:
6980:
6974:
6972:
6966:
6965:
6963:
6962:
6961:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6940:
6935:
6929:
6927:
6920:
6919:
6917:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6901:
6895:
6893:
6883:
6882:
6872:
6871:
6868:
6867:
6864:
6863:
6861:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6829:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6808:
6802:
6800:
6794:
6793:
6791:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6769:
6767:
6761:
6760:
6757:
6756:
6754:
6753:
6752:
6751:
6746:
6736:
6734:Panic disorder
6731:
6726:
6721:
6715:
6713:
6709:
6708:
6706:
6705:
6704:
6703:
6701:Claustrophobia
6693:
6692:
6691:
6686:
6684:Anthropophobia
6676:
6674:Social anxiety
6671:
6666:
6660:
6658:
6649:
6643:
6642:
6640:
6639:
6632:
6630:
6620:
6619:
6599:
6598:
6595:
6594:
6591:
6590:
6588:
6587:
6582:
6577:
6571:
6569:
6565:
6564:
6562:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6544:Pick's disease
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6505:
6503:
6497:
6496:
6494:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6467:
6465:
6455:
6454:
6444:
6443:
6440:
6439:
6437:
6436:
6431:
6430:
6429:
6424:
6419:
6414:
6409:
6399:
6398:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6371:
6368:
6367:
6354:
6353:
6350:
6349:
6346:
6345:
6343:
6342:
6337:
6331:
6329:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6315:
6314:
6313:
6302:
6300:
6294:
6293:
6291:
6290:
6289:
6288:
6278:
6277:
6276:
6271:
6261:
6260:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6241:
6240:
6239:
6229:
6228:
6227:
6217:
6216:
6215:
6205:
6199:
6197:
6187:
6186:
6174:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6121:
6120:
6109:
6107:
6103:
6102:
6100:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6078:
6077:
6072:
6062:
6056:
6054:
6046:
6045:
6035:
6034:
6030:Classification
6022:
6021:
6014:
6007:
5999:
5990:
5989:
5986:
5985:
5974:
5960:
5948:
5947:
5945:
5941:
5940:
5937:
5936:
5925:
5914:
5903:
5888:
5872:
5867:
5866:
5864:
5863:Classification
5856:
5855:External links
5853:
5850:
5849:
5811:
5771:
5730:
5680:
5634:
5621:
5589:
5570:(11): 1623–9.
5554:
5519:
5484:
5449:
5408:
5373:
5330:
5289:
5244:
5225:
5190:
5144:
5125:(6): 362–371.
5109:
5090:
5087:on 2012-07-09.
5068:
5027:
4968:
4927:
4868:
4849:(2): 125–138.
4829:
4782:
4755:(5): 368–374.
4735:
4716:(5): 673–679.
4696:
4653:
4604:
4559:
4524:
4483:
4450:
4392:
4347:
4312:
4293:(12): 2322–4.
4277:
4250:Women's Health
4236:
4187:
4152:
4145:
4120:
4071:
4028:
4007:
4001:
3983:
3959:
3953:
3904:
3869:
3863:
3856:
3838:
3803:
3760:
3733:
3727:978-0078035388
3726:
3708:
3665:
3630:
3619:
3599:
3564:
3535:(3): 394–402.
3515:
3499:
3458:
3451:
3433:
3418:
3400:
3349:
3318:
3282:
3247:
3206:
3157:
3108:
3059:
3024:
3017:
2995:
2954:
2943:on May 2, 2016
2928:
2909:(3): 291–293.
2889:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2788:
2761:(5): 699–710.
2745:
2710:
2675:
2632:
2623:
2583:
2540:
2491:
2448:
2437:(2): 194–210.
2418:
2412:978-0340810262
2411:
2388:
2358:
2334:
2303:
2274:
2233:
2198:
2159:
2124:
2088:
2068:
2030:
1976:
1967:
1948:(3): 291–293.
1928:
1909:(3): 192–206.
1890:
1838:
1788:
1750:
1743:
1704:
1636:
1580:
1523:
1494:(10): 1031–6.
1470:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1435:
1432:
1415:Gerald Russell
1379:Gerald Russell
1373:
1370:
1321:
1318:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1187:0.3% combined
1185:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1078:figure skating
1054:
1048:
1042:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1021:
1018:
1008:
1005:
992:
989:
967:
964:
919:
916:
911:
908:
892:
889:
870:
867:
791:
788:
718:
715:
713:
710:
652:
649:
616:
613:
606:
605:
599:
596:
593:
579:
576:
563:
560:
557:
551:
545:
542:
535:
534:
528:
513:
510:
505:
500:
495:
486:
477:
471:
464:
461:dental erosion
454:
447:Russell's sign
444:
433:
427:
422:
409:
406:cardiac arrest
395:
385:
382:gastric reflux
356:
353:
252:, followed by
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
221:
215:
214:
205:
199:
198:
193:
189:
188:
171:
165:
164:
161:
155:
154:
148:
144:
143:
125:
119:
118:
111:
105:
104:
95:
89:
88:
80:
79:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
54:
51:
50:
44:September 2024
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7297:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7232:
7229:
7222:
7218:
7204:
7201:
7200:
7198:
7194:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7169:
7167:
7165:Schizophrenia
7163:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7143:
7141:
7136:
7132:
7126:
7123:
7121:
7118:
7117:
7115:
7111:
7107:
7103:
7099:
7095:
7094:Schizophrenia
7090:
7086:
7076:
7073:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7061:
7058:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7046:
7045:Drug overdose
7043:
7042:
7039:
7034:
7030:
7025:
7021:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6998:
6996:
6994:
6993:Sexual desire
6990:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6975:
6973:
6971:
6967:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6945:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6926:
6921:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6896:
6894:
6892:
6888:
6884:
6877:
6873:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6813:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6803:
6801:
6799:
6795:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6770:
6768:
6766:
6762:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6741:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6716:
6714:
6710:
6702:
6699:
6698:
6697:
6694:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6681:
6680:
6679:Social phobia
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6661:
6659:
6657:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6644:
6637:
6634:
6633:
6631:
6629:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6614:-related and
6613:
6609:
6604:
6600:
6586:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6576:
6573:
6572:
6570:
6566:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6506:
6504:
6502:
6498:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6468:
6466:
6464:
6460:
6456:
6449:
6445:
6435:
6432:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6404:
6403:
6400:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6377:
6376:
6373:
6372:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6355:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6320:
6312:
6309:
6308:
6307:
6304:
6303:
6301:
6299:
6295:
6287:
6284:
6283:
6282:
6279:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6266:
6265:
6262:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6244:
6242:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6233:
6230:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6218:
6214:
6211:
6210:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6200:
6198:
6196:
6192:
6188:
6184:
6179:
6175:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6114:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6104:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6051:
6047:
6040:
6036:
6031:
6027:
6020:
6015:
6013:
6008:
6006:
6001:
6000:
5997:
5984:
5980:
5979:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5966:
5965:
5961:
5959:
5955:
5954:
5950:
5949:
5946:
5942:
5935:
5931:
5930:
5926:
5924:
5920:
5919:
5915:
5913:
5909:
5908:
5904:
5902:
5898:
5897:
5893:
5889:
5887:
5883:
5882:
5878:
5874:
5873:
5870:
5865:
5861:
5845:
5841:
5837:
5833:
5829:
5825:
5818:
5816:
5807:
5803:
5799:
5795:
5788:
5786:
5784:
5782:
5780:
5778:
5776:
5767:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5734:
5726:
5722:
5718:
5714:
5710:
5706:
5703:(3): 429–48.
5702:
5698:
5691:
5689:
5687:
5685:
5677:
5671:
5669:
5667:
5665:
5663:
5661:
5659:
5657:
5655:
5653:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5639:
5631:
5625:
5610:
5606:
5605:
5600:
5593:
5585:
5581:
5577:
5573:
5569:
5565:
5558:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5534:
5530:
5523:
5515:
5511:
5507:
5503:
5500:(7): 1052–8.
5499:
5495:
5488:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5453:
5445:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5412:
5404:
5400:
5396:
5392:
5389:(4): 371–82.
5388:
5384:
5377:
5369:
5365:
5361:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5346:(2): 179–85.
5345:
5341:
5334:
5326:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5308:
5304:
5300:
5293:
5285:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5267:
5263:
5259:
5255:
5248:
5240:
5236:
5229:
5221:
5217:
5213:
5209:
5206:(2): 156–64.
5205:
5201:
5194:
5186:
5182:
5178:
5174:
5170:
5166:
5163:(8): 647–54.
5162:
5158:
5151:
5149:
5140:
5136:
5132:
5128:
5124:
5120:
5113:
5105:
5101:
5094:
5086:
5082:
5078:
5072:
5064:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5031:
5023:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4983:
4979:
4972:
4964:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4931:
4923:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4887:
4883:
4879:
4872:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4833:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4805:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4786:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4739:
4731:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4700:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4669:(3): 318–35.
4668:
4664:
4657:
4649:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4608:
4600:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4563:
4555:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4535:
4528:
4520:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4503:(2): 237–51.
4502:
4498:
4494:
4487:
4478:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4454:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4412:
4408:
4401:
4399:
4397:
4388:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4351:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4316:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4281:
4273:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4256:(2): 255–65.
4255:
4251:
4247:
4240:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4191:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4168:(8): 1302–8.
4167:
4163:
4156:
4148:
4142:
4137:
4136:
4127:
4125:
4116:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4011:
4005:
3991:on 2023-10-15
3990:
3986:
3980:
3977:) ed.).
3976:
3972:
3971:
3963:
3957:
3949:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3924:(8): 577–90.
3923:
3919:
3915:
3908:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3873:
3867:
3859:
3853:
3849:
3842:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3807:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3764:
3748:
3744:
3737:
3729:
3723:
3719:
3712:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3669:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3634:
3626:
3622:
3616:
3612:
3611:
3603:
3595:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3568:
3560:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3519:
3513:. 6e. pg 344.
3512:
3509:
3503:
3495:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3478:(6): 509–14.
3477:
3473:
3469:
3462:
3454:
3448:
3444:
3437:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3415:
3411:
3404:
3396:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3363:Front Psychol
3360:
3353:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3322:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3299:(5): 307–20.
3298:
3294:
3286:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3251:
3243:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3210:
3202:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3161:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3128:(9): 836–42.
3127:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3104:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3079:(5): 648–56.
3078:
3074:
3070:
3063:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3040:(3): 248–56.
3039:
3035:
3028:
3020:
3014:
3010:
3006:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2958:
2942:
2938:
2932:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2893:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2862:(3): 249–61.
2861:
2857:
2850:
2840:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2792:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2749:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2714:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2679:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2636:
2627:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2587:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2556:(2): 123–31.
2555:
2551:
2544:
2536:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2511:(7): 419–29.
2510:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2452:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2425:
2423:
2414:
2408:
2404:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2362:
2354:
2350:
2349:
2344:
2338:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2307:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2281:
2279:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2237:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2202:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2179:(6): 668–75.
2178:
2174:
2170:
2163:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2140:(9): 875–81.
2139:
2135:
2128:
2117:September 13,
2109:
2105:
2098:
2092:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2072:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2035:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1983:
1981:
1971:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1932:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1897:
1895:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1843:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1757:
1755:
1746:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1607:(4): 406–14.
1606:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1519:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1478:
1476:
1471:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1380:
1369:
1366:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1295:
1291:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1260:United States
1259:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1192:United States
1191:
1190:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1026:
1017:
1015:
1004:
1003:
998:
988:
985:
981:
977:
973:
963:
959:
957:
953:
951:
945:
943:
939:
936:
932:
928:
924:
918:Psychotherapy
915:
907:
904:
903:
898:
888:
885:
884:perfectionism
880:
877:
866:
862:
858:
854:
852:
844:
836:
831:
829:
825:
820:
812:
809:
804:
802:
798:
787:
785:
781:
776:
773:
771:
766:
764:
758:
756:
752:
748:
743:
739:
734:
732:
728:
724:
709:
706:
704:
699:
696:
692:
687:
685:
681:
676:
674:
670:
666:
661:
659:
648:
646:
642:
638:
633:
630:
626:
622:
621:interoceptive
615:Interoceptive
612:
609:
603:
600:
597:
594:
592:
588:
584:
580:
577:
575:
571:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
550:
546:
543:
540:
539:
538:
532:
529:
526:
522:
518:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
503:Peptic ulcers
501:
499:
496:
494:
490:
487:
485:
481:
478:
475:
474:Gastroparesis
472:
469:
465:
462:
458:
455:
452:
448:
445:
442:
438:
434:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
417:
413:
410:
407:
403:
399:
396:
393:
389:
386:
383:
379:
378:
377:
369:
361:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
323:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
278:water fasting
275:
271:
266:
264:
260:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
230:
226:
222:
220:
216:
213:
209:
206:
204:
200:
197:
194:
190:
187:
183:
179:
175:
172:
170:
166:
162:
160:
156:
152:
149:
145:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
124:
123:Complications
120:
116:
112:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
94:
90:
86:
81:
77:
72:
68:
64:
59:
47:
35:
30:
21:
20:
7125:Folie Ă deux
7050:Intoxication
7031:substances,
7029:Psychoactive
6948:Night terror
6903:
6765:Dissociative
6729:Panic attack
6281:Tic disorder
5976:
5962:
5951:
5927:
5916:
5905:
5890:
5875:
5827:
5823:
5797:
5793:
5750:(6): 447–8.
5747:
5743:
5733:
5700:
5696:
5675:
5629:
5624:
5613:. Retrieved
5602:
5592:
5567:
5563:
5557:
5535:(7): 971–5.
5532:
5528:
5522:
5497:
5493:
5487:
5465:(3): 263–8.
5462:
5458:
5452:
5428:(5): 450–5.
5425:
5421:
5411:
5386:
5382:
5376:
5343:
5339:
5333:
5309:(1): 49–54.
5306:
5302:
5292:
5260:(3): 212–7.
5257:
5253:
5247:
5239:the original
5228:
5203:
5199:
5193:
5160:
5156:
5122:
5118:
5112:
5093:
5085:the original
5080:
5071:
5047:(6): 562–3.
5044:
5040:
5030:
4988:(2): e1541.
4985:
4981:
4971:
4944:
4940:
4930:
4885:
4881:
4871:
4846:
4842:
4832:
4802:(1): 19–65.
4799:
4795:
4785:
4752:
4748:
4738:
4713:
4709:
4699:
4666:
4662:
4656:
4621:
4617:
4607:
4572:
4562:
4540:(1): 46–54.
4537:
4533:
4527:
4500:
4496:
4486:
4470:(1): 67–68.
4467:
4463:
4453:
4413:(1): 39–61.
4410:
4406:
4360:
4350:
4328:(4): 632–4.
4325:
4321:
4315:
4290:
4286:
4280:
4253:
4249:
4239:
4207:(4): 451–9.
4204:
4200:
4190:
4165:
4161:
4155:
4134:
4088:
4084:
4074:
4044:(4): 391–7.
4041:
4037:
4031:
4015:
4010:
4004:
3993:. Retrieved
3989:the original
3969:
3962:
3956:
3921:
3917:
3907:
3885:(6): 562–8.
3882:
3878:
3872:
3866:
3847:
3841:
3819:(1): 76–85.
3816:
3812:
3806:
3776:(5): 181–3.
3773:
3769:
3763:
3751:. Retrieved
3736:
3717:
3711:
3678:
3674:
3668:
3646:(1): 17–31.
3643:
3639:
3633:
3609:
3602:
3580:(4): 401–8.
3577:
3573:
3567:
3532:
3528:
3518:
3510:
3502:
3475:
3471:
3461:
3442:
3436:
3409:
3403:
3366:
3362:
3352:
3327:
3321:
3296:
3292:
3285:
3260:
3256:
3250:
3226:(2): 171–6.
3223:
3219:
3209:
3174:
3170:
3160:
3125:
3121:
3111:
3076:
3072:
3062:
3037:
3033:
3027:
3008:
2998:
2971:
2967:
2957:
2945:. Retrieved
2941:the original
2931:
2906:
2902:
2892:
2859:
2855:
2849:
2838:
2801:
2797:
2791:
2758:
2755:Addict Behav
2754:
2748:
2726:(2): 173–8.
2723:
2719:
2713:
2688:
2684:
2678:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2626:
2601:
2597:
2586:
2553:
2549:
2543:
2508:
2504:
2494:
2461:
2457:
2451:
2434:
2430:
2402:
2379:. Retrieved
2370:
2361:
2353:the original
2346:
2337:
2320:
2316:
2306:
2298:the original
2289:
2250:
2246:
2236:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2176:
2172:
2162:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2115:. Retrieved
2108:the original
2103:
2091:
2071:
2046:
2042:
1996:
1992:
1970:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1906:
1902:
1858:
1854:
1808:
1804:
1769:(5): 462–9.
1766:
1762:
1729:
1680:
1676:
1604:
1600:
1571:. Retrieved
1562:
1491:
1487:
1428:
1424:
1412:
1408:
1387:
1383:
1375:
1372:20th century
1362:
1343:
1323:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1289:
1287:
1272:5.1% female
1255:1.9% female
1238:1.1% female
1221:7.3% female
1204:1.3% female
1173:3.6% female
1152:1.4% female
1136:1.3% female
1117:0.3% female
1074:cheerleading
1067:
1063:
1020:Epidemiology
1010:
1007:Risk factors
1000:
997:hypnotherapy
994:
979:
969:
960:
954:
946:
940:
921:
913:
900:
894:
881:
872:
863:
859:
855:
850:
842:
834:
832:
827:
818:
810:
805:
793:
777:
774:
767:
759:
735:
720:
707:
700:
688:
679:
677:
662:
654:
634:
618:
610:
607:
549:self-harming
536:
531:Hypoglycemia
493:palpitations
480:Constipation
459:, or severe
416:inflammation
400:can lead to
374:
334:
318:
267:
250:binge eating
241:
237:
236:
85:acid erosion
41:
33:
7098:schizotypal
6933:Hypersomnia
6923:Nonorganic
6664:Agoraphobia
6395:Cyclothymia
6390:Bipolar NOS
6365:(affective)
6237:Stereotypic
6145:Kleptomania
5953:MedlinePlus
5800:(3): 3–16.
5233:McBride H.
2691:(1): 83–5.
2648:(12): 138.
2604:: 216–221.
2464:: 237–246.
2381:December 5,
2253:(10): 722.
2075:Dorfman J,
1390:Mayo Clinic
1292:comes from
1099:% affected
824:dichotomous
581:The use of
521:cholesterol
517:blood sugar
508:Infertility
498:Hypotension
489:Tachycardia
457:Perimolysis
441:lacerations
412:Esophagitis
392:hypokalemia
388:Dehydration
66:Other names
7269:Categories
7250:Stereotypy
7113:Delusional
7102:delusional
7075:Withdrawal
6943:Parasomnia
6848:Nosophobia
6628:Adjustment
6616:somatoform
6549:Sundowning
6402:Depression
6385:Bipolar II
6274:Stuttering
6269:Cluttering
6065:Paraphilia
5978:Patient UK
5929:DiseasesDB
5615:2008-04-06
4888:(1): 136.
4135:Psychiatry
3995:2010-03-14
3813:Body Image
3428:1100591660
1466:References
1395:Ellen West
1331:Asia Minor
1058: 4–25
984:sertraline
976:fluoxetine
966:Medication
933:(SSRI) or
876:prevalence
717:Biological
665:narcissism
591:diet pills
566:Depression
556:tendencies
294:depression
274:stimulants
261:or taking
203:Medication
129:depression
98:Psychiatry
7285:Self-harm
7203:Catatonia
7135:Psychosis
6970:Postnatal
6953:Nightmare
6559:Wandering
6412:Dysthymia
6380:Bipolar I
6335:Pervasive
6150:Pyromania
6075:Voyeurism
6070:Fetishism
5969:emerg/810
5964:eMedicine
5529:Addiction
5275:1822/5722
5077:"Bulimia"
4947:(3): 49.
4941:MedGenMed
4904:2050-2974
4863:1040-2861
4816:1939-1455
4769:0010-440X
4730:0276-3478
4415:CiteSeerX
4209:CiteSeerX
4197:Petkova E
3975:DSM-IV-TR
3753:April 18,
3743:"Bulimia"
3741:Zieve D.
3034:Maturitas
2685:Eat Behav
2371:Proud2BME
1923:144731404
1413:In 1979,
1381:in 1979.
1339:Vitellius
1288:The term
1284:Etymology
1269:0.4% male
1252:0.7% male
1235:0.1% male
1218:0.7% male
1201:0.2% male
1178:Australia
1170:0.4% male
1167:residents
1133:0.8% male
1052: 3-3
1046: 2-2
1040: 1-1
1034: 0-0
910:Treatment
869:Diagnosis
727:serotonin
641:cingulate
629:affective
587:diuretics
583:laxatives
515:Elevated
420:esophagus
314:self-harm
270:diuretics
263:laxatives
228:Frequency
219:Prognosis
192:Treatment
115:laxatives
93:Specialty
7280:Vomiting
6938:Insomnia
6608:Neurotic
6575:Delirium
6501:Dementia
6340:Specific
5766:15572732
5725:23973384
5609:Archived
5368:20615315
5360:15797704
5325:14978549
5284:17173324
5220:17080449
5185:23275345
5177:15300375
5139:36125216
5104:Archived
5063:17139044
5022:18253489
4982:PLOS ONE
4963:15520673
4922:34674763
4824:14717649
4683:17558721
4648:11687197
4599:14583971
4554:20872926
4519:12817553
4445:16098576
4437:18444053
4387:25752094
4379:15852323
4342:11282700
4307:15569910
4272:19803857
4231:10450615
4182:10910795
4115:19821271
4066:36665983
4058:22614677
3948:10940151
3899:17510925
3833:21962524
3798:20401750
3790:20182734
3747:Archived
3703:39739310
3681:: 90–3.
3660:11835294
3625:Archived
3559:23814455
3494:12042229
3395:30429818
3369:: 2122.
3313:24942507
3242:10025442
3201:27199566
3177:: 9–16.
3152:23380716
3103:22331810
3054:22281161
2990:15115760
2923:16139807
2884:24919021
2826:73416090
2818:30725304
2783:25050604
2705:21184981
2662:29168047
2618:26682490
2578:12748691
2535:26016744
2478:28377099
2375:Archived
2193:15333281
2154:12944574
2080:Archived
2063:15935230
2025:30680217
1962:16139807
1885:27733282
1825:22946772
1783:23658093
1699:21418667
1683:: 1009.
1631:22644309
1573:June 27,
1567:Archived
1518:23032383
1434:See also
1346:anorexia
1335:Claudius
1302:boulīmia
1298:βουλιμία
1165:Budapest
1105:Portugal
1090:Country
891:Criteria
751:androgen
747:estrogen
721:As with
554:Suicidal
484:diarrhea
466:Swollen
451:calluses
380:Chronic
292:such as
259:vomiting
244:, is an
174:Anorexia
109:Symptoms
6647:Anxiety
6486:PDD-NOS
6375:Bipolar
6028: (
5972:med/255
5923:D052018
5844:1842216
5584:7485625
5549:7663319
5514:7793442
5479:8556022
5444:8781459
5403:9561427
5013:2212110
4990:Bibcode
4954:1435625
4913:8529812
4777:8879912
4691:9684032
4639:6999807
4590:6991155
4477:2651218
4106:7034415
3939:1495575
3695:1638336
3594:2180327
3550:3695554
3386:6220092
3344:9875960
3277:7485633
3192:4864009
3143:3755487
3094:3640453
2947:July 4,
2876:8817724
2775:9347071
2740:9261656
2670:3688434
2570:3863157
2526:4731102
2329:9636337
2269:6592415
2228:3857013
2016:6335811
1876:5055577
1833:1747393
1735:345–349
1690:3275326
1622:3409365
1509:4038540
1420:DSM-III
1290:bulimia
1279:History
1157:Hungary
929:of the
797:Nadroga
695:bipolar
625:somatic
602:Fatigue
525:amylase
418:of the
330:dieting
326:obesity
310:suicide
298:anxiety
254:purging
242:bulimia
151:Genetic
141:suicide
133:anxiety
69:Bulimia
34:updated
6891:Eating
6739:Stress
6656:Phobia
6612:stress
6471:Autism
6264:Speech
6053:Sexual
5958:000341
5912:607499
5901:307.51
5842:
5764:
5723:
5717:482466
5715:
5582:
5547:
5512:
5477:
5442:
5401:
5366:
5358:
5323:
5282:
5218:
5183:
5175:
5137:
5061:
5020:
5010:
4961:
4951:
4920:
4910:
4902:
4861:
4822:
4814:
4775:
4767:
4728:
4689:
4681:
4646:
4636:
4597:
4587:
4552:
4517:
4474:
4443:
4435:
4417:
4385:
4377:
4340:
4305:
4270:
4229:
4211:
4180:
4143:
4113:
4103:
4064:
4056:
4022:
3981:
3946:
3936:
3897:
3854:
3831:
3796:
3788:
3724:
3701:
3693:
3658:
3617:
3592:
3557:
3547:
3492:
3449:
3426:
3416:
3393:
3383:
3342:
3311:
3275:
3240:
3199:
3189:
3150:
3140:
3101:
3091:
3052:
3015:
2988:
2921:
2882:
2874:
2824:
2816:
2781:
2773:
2738:
2703:
2668:
2660:
2616:
2576:
2568:
2533:
2523:
2486:768206
2484:
2476:
2409:
2327:
2267:
2226:
2191:
2152:
2061:
2023:
2013:
1960:
1921:
1883:
1873:
1855:Lancet
1831:
1823:
1781:
1741:
1697:
1687:
1629:
1619:
1516:
1506:
1365:Talmud
1226:Canada
1209:Norway
1123:Brazil
1082:whites
1056:
1050:
1044:
1038:
1032:
851:et al.
843:et al.
835:et al.
828:et al.
819:et al.
811:et al.
790:Social
712:Causes
589:, and
572:, and
523:, and
437:trauma
347:, and
147:Causes
7196:Other
6925:sleep
6712:Other
6568:Other
6434:Mania
6106:Other
5886:F50.2
5721:S2CID
5364:S2CID
5181:S2CID
4687:S2CID
4441:S2CID
4383:S2CID
4062:S2CID
3794:S2CID
3786:JSTOR
3699:S2CID
2880:S2CID
2822:S2CID
2779:S2CID
2666:S2CID
2574:S2CID
2482:S2CID
2111:(PDF)
2100:(PDF)
1999:: 1.
1919:S2CID
1829:S2CID
1310:līmos
1294:Greek
1243:Japan
1141:Spain
1093:Year
846:'
838:'
814:'
435:Oral
414:, or
7100:and
6749:PTSD
6363:Mood
6203:ADHD
5934:1770
5918:MeSH
5907:OMIM
5896:9-CM
5840:PMID
5762:PMID
5713:PMID
5580:PMID
5545:PMID
5510:PMID
5475:PMID
5440:PMID
5399:PMID
5356:PMID
5321:PMID
5280:PMID
5216:PMID
5173:PMID
5135:PMID
5059:PMID
5018:PMID
4959:PMID
4918:PMID
4900:ISSN
4859:ISSN
4820:PMID
4812:ISSN
4773:PMID
4765:ISSN
4726:ISSN
4679:PMID
4644:PMID
4622:2001
4595:PMID
4550:PMID
4515:PMID
4433:PMID
4375:PMID
4338:PMID
4303:PMID
4268:PMID
4227:PMID
4178:PMID
4141:ISBN
4111:PMID
4089:2009
4054:PMID
4020:ISBN
3979:ISBN
3944:PMID
3895:PMID
3852:ISBN
3829:PMID
3755:2011
3722:ISBN
3691:PMID
3656:PMID
3615:ISBN
3590:PMID
3555:PMID
3490:PMID
3447:ISBN
3424:OCLC
3414:ISBN
3391:PMID
3340:PMID
3309:PMID
3273:PMID
3238:PMID
3197:PMID
3148:PMID
3099:PMID
3050:PMID
3013:ISBN
2986:PMID
2949:2016
2919:PMID
2872:PMID
2814:PMID
2771:PMID
2736:PMID
2701:PMID
2658:PMID
2614:PMID
2566:PMID
2531:PMID
2474:PMID
2407:ISBN
2383:2014
2325:PMID
2265:PMID
2224:PMID
2189:PMID
2150:PMID
2119:2013
2059:PMID
2021:PMID
1958:PMID
1881:PMID
1821:PMID
1779:PMID
1739:ISBN
1695:PMID
1681:2010
1627:PMID
1575:2015
1514:PMID
1337:and
1306:bous
1263:1992
1246:1995
1229:1995
1212:1995
1195:1996
1181:1998
1163:580
1160:2003
1144:2004
1127:2004
1109:2006
801:Fiji
740:and
627:and
390:and
312:and
7137:and
6724:OCD
6252:RAD
6247:DAD
6213:ODD
5892:ICD
5877:ICD
5832:doi
5828:148
5802:doi
5752:doi
5748:185
5705:doi
5572:doi
5568:152
5537:doi
5502:doi
5498:152
5467:doi
5430:doi
5426:144
5391:doi
5348:doi
5311:doi
5270:hdl
5262:doi
5208:doi
5165:doi
5127:doi
5049:doi
5045:189
5008:PMC
4998:doi
4949:PMC
4908:PMC
4890:doi
4851:doi
4804:doi
4800:130
4757:doi
4718:doi
4671:doi
4634:PMC
4626:doi
4585:PMC
4577:doi
4542:doi
4505:doi
4472:PMC
4425:doi
4365:doi
4330:doi
4326:158
4295:doi
4291:161
4258:doi
4219:doi
4170:doi
4166:157
4101:PMC
4093:doi
4046:doi
3934:PMC
3926:doi
3887:doi
3821:doi
3778:doi
3683:doi
3679:161
3648:doi
3582:doi
3578:147
3545:PMC
3537:doi
3480:doi
3476:180
3381:PMC
3371:doi
3332:doi
3301:doi
3265:doi
3261:152
3228:doi
3187:PMC
3179:doi
3138:PMC
3130:doi
3089:PMC
3081:doi
3042:doi
2976:doi
2911:doi
2864:doi
2806:doi
2763:doi
2728:doi
2693:doi
2650:doi
2606:doi
2602:191
2558:doi
2521:PMC
2513:doi
2466:doi
2439:doi
2255:doi
2216:doi
2212:142
2181:doi
2142:doi
2138:349
2051:doi
2011:PMC
2001:doi
1950:doi
1911:doi
1871:PMC
1863:doi
1859:388
1813:doi
1771:doi
1685:PMC
1617:PMC
1609:doi
1504:PMC
1496:doi
1492:169
1016:.
491:or
482:or
316:.
265:.
7271::
7096:,
6610:,
5981::
5967::
5956::
5932::
5921::
5910::
5899::
5884::
5881:10
5838:.
5826:.
5814:^
5796:.
5774:^
5760:.
5746:.
5742:.
5719:.
5711:.
5699:.
5683:^
5637:^
5607:.
5601:.
5578:.
5566:.
5543:.
5533:90
5531:.
5508:.
5496:.
5473:.
5463:18
5461:.
5438:.
5424:.
5420:.
5397:.
5387:23
5385:.
5362:.
5354:.
5344:20
5342:.
5319:.
5307:80
5278:.
5268:.
5258:40
5256:.
5214:.
5204:40
5202:.
5179:.
5171:.
5161:39
5159:.
5147:^
5133:.
5123:35
5121:.
5102:.
5079:.
5057:.
5043:.
5039:.
5016:.
5006:.
4996:.
4984:.
4980:.
4957:.
4943:.
4939:.
4916:.
4906:.
4898:.
4884:.
4880:.
4857:.
4847:32
4845:.
4841:.
4818:.
4810:.
4798:.
4794:.
4771:.
4763:.
4753:37
4751:.
4747:.
4724:.
4712:.
4708:.
4685:.
4677:.
4667:55
4665:.
4642:.
4632:.
4620:.
4616:.
4593:.
4583:.
4571:.
4548:.
4538:19
4536:.
4513:.
4501:57
4499:.
4495:.
4468:18
4466:.
4462:.
4439:.
4431:.
4423:.
4411:37
4409:.
4395:^
4381:.
4373:.
4359:.
4336:.
4324:.
4301:.
4289:.
4266:.
4252:.
4248:.
4225:.
4217:.
4205:67
4203:.
4176:.
4164:.
4123:^
4109:.
4099:.
4087:.
4083:.
4060:.
4052:.
4042:14
4040:.
3942:.
3932:.
3922:15
3920:.
3916:.
3893:.
3883:40
3881:.
3827:.
3815:.
3792:.
3784:.
3774:10
3772:.
3697:.
3689:.
3677:.
3654:.
3644:31
3642:.
3623:.
3588:.
3576:.
3553:.
3543:.
3533:18
3531:.
3527:.
3488:.
3474:.
3470:.
3422:.
3389:.
3379:.
3365:.
3361:.
3338:.
3307:.
3297:22
3295:.
3271:.
3259:.
3236:.
3224:56
3222:.
3218:.
3195:.
3185:.
3173:.
3169:.
3146:.
3136:.
3126:73
3124:.
3120:.
3097:.
3087:.
3077:45
3075:.
3071:.
3048:.
3038:71
3036:.
3007:.
2984:.
2972:13
2970:.
2966:.
2917:.
2907:59
2905:.
2901:.
2878:.
2870:.
2860:21
2858:.
2837:.
2820:.
2812:.
2802:24
2800:.
2777:.
2769:.
2759:22
2757:.
2734:.
2724:22
2722:.
2699:.
2689:12
2687:.
2664:.
2656:.
2646:17
2644:.
2612:.
2600:.
2596:.
2572:.
2564:.
2554:47
2552:.
2529:.
2519:.
2509:16
2507:.
2503:.
2480:.
2472:.
2462:77
2460:.
2435:22
2433:.
2421:^
2391:^
2369:.
2345:.
2321:57
2319:.
2315:.
2292:.
2288:.
2277:^
2263:.
2251:59
2249:.
2245:.
2222:.
2210:.
2187:.
2177:13
2175:.
2171:.
2148:.
2136:.
2102:.
2057:.
2047:86
2045:.
2033:^
2019:.
2009:.
1995:.
1991:.
1979:^
1956:.
1946:59
1944:.
1940:.
1917:.
1907:29
1905:.
1893:^
1879:.
1869:.
1857:.
1853:.
1841:^
1827:.
1819:.
1809:13
1807:.
1791:^
1777:.
1767:46
1765:.
1753:^
1737:.
1707:^
1693:.
1679:.
1675:.
1639:^
1625:.
1615:.
1605:14
1603:.
1599:.
1583:^
1561:.
1526:^
1512:.
1502:.
1490:.
1486:.
1474:^
1422:.
999:.
978:,
952:.
799:,
765:.
705:.
686:.
585:,
568:,
519:,
449::
404:,
351:.
343:,
304:,
300:,
296:,
276:,
272:,
210:,
184:,
180:,
176:,
139:,
135:,
131:,
100:,
6328:)
6324:(
6032:)
6018:e
6011:t
6004:v
5894:-
5879:-
5869:D
5846:.
5834::
5808:.
5804::
5798:2
5768:.
5754::
5727:.
5707::
5701:9
5618:.
5586:.
5574::
5551:.
5539::
5516:.
5504::
5481:.
5469::
5446:.
5432::
5405:.
5393::
5370:.
5350::
5327:.
5313::
5286:.
5272::
5264::
5222:.
5210::
5187:.
5167::
5141:.
5129::
5065:.
5051::
5024:.
5000::
4992::
4986:3
4965:.
4945:6
4924:.
4892::
4886:9
4865:.
4853::
4826:.
4806::
4779:.
4759::
4732:.
4720::
4714:7
4693:.
4673::
4650:.
4628::
4601:.
4579::
4556:.
4544::
4521:.
4507::
4480:.
4447:.
4427::
4389:.
4367::
4344:.
4332::
4309:.
4297::
4274:.
4260::
4254:3
4233:.
4221::
4184:.
4172::
4149:.
4117:.
4095::
4068:.
4048::
4026:.
3998:.
3950:.
3928::
3901:.
3889::
3860:.
3835:.
3823::
3817:9
3800:.
3780::
3757:.
3730:.
3705:.
3685::
3662:.
3650::
3596:.
3584::
3561:.
3539::
3496:.
3482::
3455:.
3430:.
3397:.
3373::
3367:9
3346:.
3334::
3315:.
3303::
3279:.
3267::
3244:.
3230::
3203:.
3181::
3175:9
3154:.
3132::
3105:.
3083::
3056:.
3044::
3021:.
2992:.
2978::
2951:.
2925:.
2913::
2886:.
2866::
2841:.
2828:.
2808::
2785:.
2765::
2742:.
2730::
2707:.
2695::
2672:.
2652::
2620:.
2608::
2580:.
2560::
2537:.
2515::
2488:.
2468::
2445:.
2441::
2415:.
2385:.
2331:.
2271:.
2257::
2230:.
2218::
2195:.
2183::
2156:.
2144::
2121:.
2086:.
2065:.
2053::
2027:.
2003::
1997:6
1964:.
1952::
1925:.
1913::
1887:.
1865::
1835:.
1815::
1785:.
1773::
1747:.
1701:.
1633:.
1611::
1577:.
1520:.
1498::
46:)
42:(
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
