594:
40:
680:
410:
572:, a city near Bukhara. The city soon revolted, and the Arabs responded by sacking the city. The brutality of the sack of Paykand shocked the Sogdian world, and led the nobles of Bukhara under Khunuk to make an alliance with the Wardan Khudah. However, during the fighting between the Arabs and Sogdians, the Wardan Khudah was killed, which probably constituted a heavy blow to the Bukhara-Wardana alliance. Bukhara was shortly after captured by Qutayba, who imposed a tribute of 200,000
47:
541:, and is celebrated in the local historical tradition for her wisdom and capable management. She is reported to have held court daily, "inquired into the affairs of state and issued orders and prohibitions," while at a distance stood "two hundred youths from the landowners and the princes ready for service, girded with gold belts and bearing swords." In 676 she dispatched a contingent to aid an Arab assault on
467:
659:
to suppress the rebellion, but the rebels managed to emerge victorious. Qutayba, at the head of an army numbering 10,000 soldiers, aided the
Abbasids in their fight against Sharik, and in the end managed to defeat and kill the latter. However, because of Qutayba's attitude towards the Arabs, he was
660:
murdered in 750 at the orders of Abu Muslim
Khorasani, and was succeeded by his brother Sakan, who ruled until ca. 757 when he too was murdered by Abbasid agents. He was succeeded by another brother named Bunyat, who, because of his support to
609:
in
Bukhara, Qutayba built a mosque in the city's citadel, and even encouraged the natives to convert by paying them to attend the prayers. However, Islamization proceeded very slowly, and the rulers of Bukhara would remain
1061:
665:
630:, where they asked for aid against the Arabs. In ca. 728, an anti-Arab revolt erupted in Bukhara, which was suppressed one year later. Tughshada was assassinated by two angry
328:
490:
is known to have mentioned several names of rulers of
Bukhara, but it is not known if they were all from the same dynasty. The first ruler mentioned by Narshakhi is
637:
209:
39:
656:
614:
until their downfall. Tughshada, however, still tried to achieve independence from the
Umayyad Caliphate, and in 718, along with Tarkhun's successor
507:
503:
557:
560:, managed to rally the nobles of Bukhara around him and declared himself as the Bukhar Khudah. At the same time, the new Umayyad governor of
499:
897:
664:, was murdered in 783. After the rule of Bunyat, there is no information about any of his successors, except for the last ruler of Bukhara,
506:, who is said to have introduced the minting of coins in Bukhara, which is, however, doubted by modern scholars. The next ruler is given as
491:
1051:
1056:
549:
700:
The majority of the inhabitants of
Bukhara, including the rulers of the city, were Zoroastrians. However, there were also traces of
973:
952:
909:
748:
651:. However, this erupted in a local rebellion in Bukhara led by a certain Sharik ibn Shaikh. The Abbasid general
578:, and installed an Arab garrison to secure against rebellion. During the same time, another Sogdian king named
527:
590:, Qutayba restored Bukhara to the young Tughshada, and the faction of Khunuk including himself were executed.
1036:
676:. Abu Ishaq died in 913, but his descendants' royal status was still known during the lifetime of Narshakhi.
537:. However, the kingdom was in reality controlled by Tughshada's mother, who is only known by her title of
1041:
619:
474:
The word âBukharâ means
Bukhara, while âkhudaâ means âlordâ. Thus the word means âthe lord of Bukharaâ.
548:
In 706, a civil war erupted in
Bukhara and its surrounding cities and towns; the ruler of the nearby
494:(also spelled Abarzi). According to Narshakhi, he was a cruel ruler, who was overthrown by a certain
139:
71:
893:
593:
963:
704:, and even a church in Bukhara during the rule of the Bukhar Khudahs is mentioned by Narshakhi.
701:
275:
189:
514:
that was named after him. The first ruler mentioned with the title of Bukhar Khudah is named
679:
673:
652:
455:
965:
History of
Civilizations of Central Asia: The crossroads of civilizations, A.D. 250 to 750
8:
923:
586:, acknowledged the authority of the Umayyad Caliphate. After having settled an affair in
998:
565:
200:
1046:
1004:
994:
969:
948:
929:
905:
744:
644:
538:
97:
92:
984:
688:
515:
435:
313:
250:
130:
107:
1017:
942:
738:
483:
523:
403:
260:
152:
1030:
1008:
933:
495:
177:
116:
983:
Bosworth, C. Edmund. "BUKHARA ii. From the Arab
Invasions to the Mongols".
648:
623:
165:
482:
The founding date of the Bukhar Khudahs remains unknown; the 10th-century
919:
611:
587:
530:
345:
267:
81:
1003:. Translated by Margaret Graham Weir. Calcutta: University of Calcutta.
661:
740:
In Gods Path: The Arab Conquests and the Creation of an Islamic Empire
121:
684:
598:
583:
556:, had seized most of the principality, while a Sogdian magnate named
542:
534:
487:
55:
561:
271:
669:
579:
569:
519:
451:
447:
368:
240:
224:
214:
861:
859:
632:
574:
511:
443:
228:
627:
615:
606:
466:
279:
871:
856:
902:
The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume V: KheâMahi
774:
772:
1062:
States and territories disestablished in the 9th century
808:
1022:. London et al.: C. Edmund Bosworth. pp. 511â513.
989:. London et al.: C. Edmund Bosworth. pp. 513â515.
769:
618:, Narayana, the king of Kumadh, and Tish, the king of
213:
Location of the Bukhar Khudahs, and their capital of
1016:
Frye, Richard N. "BUKHARA i. In Pre-Islamic Times".
820:
784:
757:
832:
796:
643:In 750, the Umayyad Caliphate was conquered by the
458:, who incorporated Bukhara into the Samanid state.
844:
640:, who was named in honour of the Umayyad general.
736:
713:
1028:
904:. Leiden and New York: BRILL. pp. 541â542.
961:
877:
865:
743:. Oxford University Press. pp. 120â121.
533:. He was succeeded by his few months-old son
962:Litvinsky, B. A.; Dani, Ahmad Hasan (1996).
636:nobles in 739, and was succeeded by his son
993:
814:
510:, who was credited with the building of a
947:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
732:
730:
728:
450:from an unknown date to the reign of the
892:
778:
678:
592:
465:
1019:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, Fasc. 5
986:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, Fasc. 5
1029:
940:
838:
802:
725:
46:
928:. London: The Royal Asiatic Society.
982:
918:
850:
826:
790:
763:
719:
605:Later, in 712/3, in order to spread
668:, whose kingdom was annexed by the
13:
925:The Arab Conquests in Central Asia
526:during the first Arab attempts to
231:including other regions and cities
14:
1073:
1052:Former monarchies of Central Asia
446:dynasty, which ruled the city of
1057:Former countries in Central Asia
1015:
683:Wall Paintings in the Palace at
647:, who became the new masters of
408:
45:
38:
518:, who was killed in 681 by the
1:
1000:The Arab Kingdom and its Fall
707:
217:, with neighbouring polities.
622:, he sent an embassy to the
461:
7:
695:
10:
1078:
886:
737:Robert G. Hoyland (2014).
502:. The next ruler is named
477:
878:Litvinsky & Dani 1996
866:Litvinsky & Dani 1996
383:
379:
365:
355:
351:
341:
337:
322:
307:
303:
295:
287:
256:
246:
236:
33:
28:
18:
44:
944:The 'AbbÄsid Revolution
582:, who was the ruler of
317:(first mentioned ruler)
941:Shaban, M. A. (1979).
702:Nestorian Christianity
692:
602:
471:
682:
601:, 5th-7th century CE.
596:
469:
247:Common languages
1037:Zoroastrian monarchs
653:Abu Muslim Khorasani
597:Relief of a hunter,
210:class=notpageimage|
898:"Ḳutayba b. Muslim"
655:sent an army under
357:⢠Established
1042:History of Bukhara
995:Wellhausen, Julius
693:
603:
566:Qutayba ibn Muslim
472:
829:, pp. 38â39.
793:, pp. 35â36.
766:, pp. 34â35.
674:Isma'il ibn Ahmad
666:Abu Ishaq Ibrahim
645:Abbasid Caliphate
539:Khatun of Bukhara
456:Isma'il ibn Ahmad
424:
423:
420:
419:
416:
415:
333:
329:Abu Ishaq Ibrahim
318:
282:
1069:
1023:
1012:
990:
979:
958:
937:
915:
881:
875:
869:
863:
854:
848:
842:
836:
830:
824:
818:
812:
806:
800:
794:
788:
782:
776:
767:
761:
755:
754:
734:
723:
717:
689:Hermitage Museum
412:
411:
400:
399:
385:
384:
331:
324:⢠???-890s
316:
265:
108:BYZANTINE EMPIRE
49:
48:
42:
16:
15:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1027:
1026:
976:
955:
912:
889:
884:
876:
872:
864:
857:
849:
845:
837:
833:
825:
821:
815:Wellhausen 1927
813:
809:
801:
797:
789:
785:
777:
770:
762:
758:
751:
735:
726:
718:
714:
710:
698:
657:Ziyad ibn Salih
568:, had captured
552:, known as the
480:
464:
442:) were a local
409:
372:
358:
325:
310:
309:⢠???-681
263:
232:
221:
220:
219:
218:
212:
206:
205:
204:
203:
196:
195:
194:
192:
185:
184:
183:
182:
179:
172:
171:
170:
168:
161:
160:
159:
157:
155:
148:
147:
146:
144:
142:
135:
134:
133:
126:
125:
124:
120:
112:
111:
110:
103:
102:
101:
100:
96:
87:
86:
85:
84:
76:
75:
74:
67:
66:
65:
60:
59:
58:
51:
50:
29:before 681â890s
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1075:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1025:
1024:
1013:
991:
980:
974:
959:
953:
938:
920:Gibb, H. A. R.
916:
910:
894:Bosworth, C.E.
888:
885:
883:
882:
880:, p. 418.
870:
868:, p. 458.
855:
843:
831:
819:
817:, p. 435.
807:
795:
783:
781:, p. 541.
768:
756:
749:
724:
711:
709:
706:
697:
694:
524:Salm ibn Ziyad
479:
476:
470:Coin of Khunuk
463:
460:
440:βuxÄrak Xwaday
432:Bukhar Khudats
428:Bukhar Khudahs
422:
421:
418:
417:
414:
413:
406:
404:Samanid Empire
397:
394:
393:
388:
381:
380:
377:
376:
373:
366:
363:
362:
359:
356:
353:
352:
349:
348:
343:
342:Historical era
339:
338:
335:
334:
326:
323:
320:
319:
311:
308:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
293:
292:
289:
285:
284:
261:Zoroastrianism
258:
254:
253:
248:
244:
243:
238:
234:
233:
222:
208:
207:
199:
198:
197:
190:
188:
187:
186:
176:
175:
174:
173:
166:
164:
163:
162:
153:
151:
150:
149:
140:
138:
137:
136:
129:
128:
127:
115:
114:
113:
106:
105:
104:
91:
90:
89:
88:
80:
79:
78:
77:
70:
69:
68:
63:
62:
61:
54:
53:
52:
43:
37:
36:
35:
34:
31:
30:
26:
25:
23:βuxÄrak Xwaday
22:
20:Bukhar Khudahs
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1074:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1021:
1020:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
1001:
996:
992:
988:
987:
981:
977:
975:9789231032110
971:
967:
966:
960:
956:
954:0-521-29534-3
950:
946:
945:
939:
935:
931:
927:
926:
921:
917:
913:
911:90-04-07819-3
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
890:
879:
874:
867:
862:
860:
853:, p. 60.
852:
847:
841:, p. 67.
840:
835:
828:
823:
816:
811:
805:, p. 65.
804:
799:
792:
787:
780:
779:Bosworth 1986
775:
773:
765:
760:
752:
750:9780190209650
746:
742:
741:
733:
731:
729:
722:, p. 18.
721:
716:
712:
705:
703:
690:
686:
681:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
658:
654:
650:
646:
641:
639:
635:
634:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
608:
600:
595:
591:
589:
585:
581:
577:
576:
571:
567:
563:
559:
558:Khunuk Khudah
555:
554:Wardan Khudah
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
475:
468:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
407:
405:
402:
401:
398:
396:
395:
392:
389:
387:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
364:
360:
354:
350:
347:
344:
340:
336:
330:
327:
321:
315:
312:
306:
302:
298:
296:Bukhar Khudah
294:
290:
286:
281:
277:
273:
269:
262:
259:
255:
252:
249:
245:
242:
239:
235:
230:
226:
216:
211:
202:
193:
181:
169:
158:
145:
132:
123:
118:
117:WESTERN TURKS
109:
99:
94:
83:
73:
57:
41:
32:
27:
17:
1018:
999:
985:
964:
943:
924:
901:
873:
846:
834:
822:
810:
798:
786:
759:
739:
715:
699:
649:Central Asia
642:
631:
624:Tang dynasty
604:
573:
553:
547:
481:
473:
439:
431:
427:
425:
391:Succeeded by
390:
276:Christianity
223:Map showing
839:Shaban 1979
803:Shaban 1979
620:Chaghaniyan
612:Zoroastrian
588:Tokharistan
531:Transoxiana
500:Qara Jurjin
498:king named
346:Middle Ages
268:Manichaeism
82:TURK SHAHIS
1031:Categories
968:. UNESCO.
708:References
662:al-Muqanna
486:historian
361:before 681
288:Government
1009:752790641
934:685253133
851:Gibb 1923
827:Gibb 1923
791:Gibb 1923
764:Gibb 1923
720:Gibb 1923
685:Varakhsha
584:Samarkand
543:Samarqand
535:Tughshada
488:Narshakhi
462:Etymology
371:conquest
257:Religion
143:PRATIHARA
131:CHALUKYAS
56:AFRIGHIDS
1047:Sogdians
997:(1927).
922:(1923).
896:(1986).
696:Religion
599:Varahsha
562:Khurasan
522:general
291:Monarchy
272:Buddhism
201:IKHSHIDS
98:ABBASIDS
93:UMAYYADS
887:Sources
670:Samanid
638:Qutayba
580:Tarkhun
575:dirhams
570:Paykand
550:Wardana
528:conquer
520:Umayyad
484:Iranian
478:History
452:Samanid
448:Bukhara
444:Sogdian
436:Sogdian
369:Samanid
367:â˘
251:Sogdian
241:Bukhara
237:Capital
225:Bukhara
215:Bukhara
191:YABGHUS
156:DYNASTY
154:KARKOTA
141:GUJARA-
122:TURGESH
72:AFSHINS
1007:
972:
951:
932:
908:
747:
672:ruler
633:dehqan
512:bazaar
496:Turkic
492:Abru'i
454:ruler
332:(last)
299:
229:Sogdia
180:SHAHIS
178:PATOLA
64:KHUDAS
628:China
616:Gurak
607:Islam
516:Bidun
314:Bidun
280:Islam
266:also
1005:OCLC
970:ISBN
949:ISBN
930:OCLC
906:ISBN
745:ISBN
508:Makh
504:Kana
426:The
375:890s
167:TANG
626:of
430:or
227:in
1033::
900:.
858:^
771:^
727:^
687:.
564:,
545:.
438::
278:,
274:,
270:,
1011:.
978:.
957:.
936:.
914:.
753:.
691:.
434:(
283:)
264:(
119:/
95:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
